DOCUMENT RESUME ED 077 222 EM 011 126 TITLE Cinematographic Institutions. A Report by the International Film and Television Council (IFIC). Reports and Papers on Mass Communication Number 68. INSTITUTION United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization, Paris (France). Dept. of Mass Communication. PUB DATE 73 NOTE 99p. AVAILABLE FROMUNIPUB, Inc., P. 0. Box 433, Murray Hill Station, New York, N. Y. 10016 ($2.00) EDRS PRICE MF -$0.65 MC-$3.29 DESCRIPTORS *Developing Nations; Film Libraries; *Film Production; *Films; *Institutions; Instructicnal Films; Mass Media; *Organizations (Groups); State of the Art Reviews IDENTIFIERS Canada; France; Great Britain; India; *International Film and Television Council; Poland; Sweden; UNESCO ABSTRACT The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) entrusted to the International Film and Television Council (IFTC) the task of collecting documentationon world cinematographic organizations, in order to provide developing nations with information useful to the establishment of similar services adopted to their particular heeds..The IFTC's studyfocuses upon institutions of a public nature whose objective is to promote the cinema and its applications to education, science and culture. The nature and function of the cinema are discussed, along withthe kinds of audiences aimed at, the stages of operations involved in making films, and the-types of institutions whichcarry on these operations. Information is provided on particular institutions which are responsible for specific categories of films --such as educational, scientific, and children's films- -and for different stages of film production. The final major section explores examples- -drawn from India, Canada, Sweden, Britain, France and Poland --of centralized national cinematographic institutions with inclusive functions. Seventeen appendixes provide additional details about aspects of cinema. (PB) Em oi romp Reports and Papers on Mass Communicationvnt9C33172MUMSCAVSZu,s1ER,A7u. C717:=217rantaraTIV4VM feir" O This series ofReports and Papers on Mass COMmunicationis issued by the Department of Mass Communication. Unless otherwise stated, the reports may be reproduced in full or in part, provided credit is givento Unesco. The following reports and papers have so far been issued and are obtainable from National Distributors ofUnesco Publications or from the Department of Mass Communication, Unesco, Place de Fontenoy, 75700 Paris. REPORTS AND PAPERS ON MASS COMMUNICATION Number Number 21Current Mass Communication Research I - Bibliography of 53 Communication satellites for education. science and Books and Articles on Mass Communication Published culture; t967. since I January 1955, December 1956. 54 llnun film for adult audiences. 1968. 22 Periodicals for New Literates: Editorial Methods, June 55 Television for higher technical education of the employed 1957. (out of print). A first report on a pilot project in Poland. 1969. 23 Cultural Radio Broadcasts. Some Experiences, December 56 Book development in Africa. Problems and perspectires. 1956. (out of print). 1969. 24 Periodicals for New Literates. Seven Case Histories, 57 Script writing for short films. 1960 November 1957 (out of print). 58 Removing taxes on knowledge. 1969. 25 Adult Education Groups and Audio-Visual Techniques. 59 Mass media in society. The need of research. 1970. 1958. 60 Broadcasting from space. 1970. 26 The Kinescope and Adult Education. 1958 (out of print). 61 Principles of cultural co- operation. 1970. 27 Visual Aids in Fundamental Education and Community 62 Radio and television in literacy. 1971. Development, 1959 (out of print). 63 The mass media in a riolent world. 1971. 28 Film Programmes for the Young. 1959 (out of print). 64 The rile of film in development. 1971. 29 Film-making on a Low Budget. 1960 (out of print). 65 The practice of Mass Communication: Some lessons from 30 Developing Mass Media in Asia. I960.(out of print). research research. 1972 31The Influence of the Cinema on Children and Adolescents. 66 A guide to satellite communication. 1972. An AnnJtated International Bibliography. 196 I.(out of print). 67 Television for Higher Technical Education of k'orkers 32 Flint and Television in the Strrice of Opera and Ballet Final Report on a Pilot Project in Poland 1973. and of Museums. 1961 (out of print). 68 Cinematographic Institutions. 1973. 33 Mass Media in the Developing Countries. A Unesco Report to the United _lotions. 1961. (out of print). 34 Film Production by International Co-operation. 196I. 35 World Film Directory. Agencies Concerned with Educational. Scientific and Cultural Films. 1962. (out of print). 36 Methods of Encouraging the Production and Distribution of Short Films for Theatrical (Ise, 1962.(out of print). 37 Developing Information Media in Africa. Press. Radio. Film. Television, 1962.(out of print). 38 Social Education through Television. 1963. (out of print). 39 The Teaching Film in Primary Education. 1963 (out of print). 40 Study of the Establishment of National Centres for Cataloguing of Films and Television Programmes. 1963 (out of print). 41 Space Communication and the Mass Media. I964.(out of print). 42 Screen education. Teaching a critical approo^h to cinema and television, 1964. 43 The Effects of Television on Chddren and Adolescents. 1964. 44 Selected List of Catalogues for Short Films and Filmstrips. 1963 Edition. 1965. 45 Professional Training for Mass Communication. I965.(out of print). 46 Rural Mimeo Newspapers. 1965. 47 Books for the Developing Countries: Asia. Africa. 1965. 48 Radio Broadcasting serves rural development. 1965. 49. Radio and television in the service of education and development in Asia. 1967. 50 Television and the social education of women. 1967. 51 An African experiment in radio forums for rural derekp- menL Ghana. 1964/1965. 1968. 52 Book development in Asia. A report on the production and distribution of books in the region, 1967. Cinematographic institutions A report by the International Film and Television Council (IFTC) p.--v- I! U S DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH. EDUCATION & WELFARE OFFICE OF EDUCATION THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN REPRO- DUCED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED FROM THE PERSON OR ORGANIZATION ORIG MATING IT POINTS OF VIEW OR OPIN- IONS STATED 00 NOT NECESSARILY REPRESENT OFFICIAL OFFICE OF EOU CATION POSITION OR POLICY Unesco English Edition ISBN92- 3 - 101076 - X French Edition ISBN92 - 3 - 101076 - 3 Printed in 1 )73 in the. Workshops PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS COPY of the United Nations Educational, RIGHTED MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED Scientific and Cultural Organization, BY Z Place de Fontenoy, 75700 - Pad!, France UNESCO TO ERIC AND ORGANIZATIONS OPERATING LC No 72 - 97407 UNDER AGREEMENTS WITH THE US OFFICE OF EDUCATION FURTHER REPRODUCTION Printed in France OUTSIDE THE ERIC SYSTEM REQUIRES PER 0 Unesco 1973 MISSION OF T HE COPYRIGHT OWNER CONTENTS Page PREFACE 5 INTRODUCTION 7 Nature and Function of the Cinema 7 Films for Different Audiences and Uses 8 Stages of Operations 9 Types of Institutions 9 INSTITUTIONS FOR PARTICULAR CA'rEGORIES OF FILMS Shorts and Features 11 Educational Films 11 Scientific and Industrial Films 13 Films on Art and the Humanities 15 Children's Films 15 Animation Films 16 News Films 16 Films for Television 16 INSTITUTIONS FOR PARTICULAR STAGES AND FUNCTIONS Technical and Engineering Development and Standards 19 The Financing of Film Operations 20 The Training of Creative and Technical Personnel 21 Archives and Libraries 23 Non-Theatrical Film Distribution 24 Film Cataloguing 25 Cultural Film Exhibition 25 OVERALL INSTITUTIONS The Films Division of the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting of India 27 The National Film Board of Canada 32 The Swedish Film Institute 34 The British Film Institute 36 The Centre national de la cinematographie in France 41 The Polish Model of a Nationalized Film Industry 48 CONCLUSION 51 3 Page ANNEX A : Educational Media Organizations and EducationalTechnology. 54 ANNEX B : Scientific Film Associations 57 ANNEX C : Children's Film Centres and Production 59 ANNEX D : Scope in Animation: by John Ha las 63 ANNEX E : News Film Organizations 65 ANNEX F : Cinematographic Technical Associations . 68 ANNEX G : National Film Schools 70 ANNEX H : A Note on Film Archives :*)v Jerzy Toeplitz . 73 ANNEX J : A Non-Theatrical Filni Library:by Arthur Vesselo , 78 ANNEX K : Film Societies 80 ANNEX L : Art Houses in Developing Countries :by Paul Leglise 82 ANNEX M : Production Control for Information Films 83 ANNEX N : An Act respecting the National Film Board ofCanada 85 ANNEX 0 : NFB Production, Technical Operations, and Distribution Summaries, and Statement of Incomeand Expenses 89 ANNEX P : BFI Income and Expenditure Account 93 ANNEX Q : General Dispositions of the Ifalian Cinema Law: by Mario Verdone 95 ANNEX R : International Associations 97 4 4°450.fr PREFACE At the sixteenth session of Unes cc's General Con- The present report is in a sense a collective ference in October 1970, a number of delegations work, since in order to prepare it the IFTC has proposed that the Organization collect documenta- benefited from the assistance of many organiza- tion on world cinematographic institutions whose tions,institutions and associations active in the example could stimulate the establishment of simi- field of film.The manuscript has been checked lar services adapted to meet the needs of develop- by all concerned.Responsibility for the choice of ing countries. examples and views expressed rests, however, with In response