History of Computers: From Abacus to Smartphones Level 7 | Lesson 8 Terminal and Enabling Learning Outcomes covered in the Lesson Themes Terminal Learning Enabling Learning Outcomes Bloom’s Level Outcomes List major milestones in the List major milestones in the Remembering development of modern day development of modern day Familiarity with computers and Internet. computers and Internet. Computers List names of people responsible List names of people responsible for Remembering for development of computer and development of computer and related related technologies. technologies. Computer Masti ::72:: Question Bank Level 7 Lesson 8 Bloom’s Level Corresponding LO Difficulty Level Question Type Short Answer /Long Question Solution (Easy/ Difficult) (Objective/ answer Subjective) Remembering List major milestones E O SA 1. Select the correct option. in the development of i. The Abacus is a device used for.......................... i-a, ii-b, iii-d, iv-d, modern day a. Doing calculations computers and b. Find product of any number Internet. c. Doing algorithms d. Generating calendars of a year ii. Identify the device shown in the below image a. Counters b. Abacus c. Pascaline d. Stepped reckoner iii. Which were the devices used to aid human calculations in the 16th century? a. Napier bones and Slide rule b. Abacus and Eratosthenes c. Napier bones and Schikard’s calculating clock d. Schikard’s calculating clock and Pascaline iv. Which was the device used by NASA engineers for the Apollo mission? a. Napier Bones b. Schikard’s calculating clock c. Stepped reckoner d. Slide Rule Computer Masti ::73:: Remembering List names of people E O SA 2. Match the devices in column A with their inventors in column B. 2. i. b, ii. a, iii. d, iv. c responsible for A B development of i. The Jacquard a. George Boole 3. i. c, ii. d, iii. e, iv. a, v. b computer and related loom/punched cards technologies. ii. Boolean algebra b. Joseph Marie Jacquard iii. The Analytical Machine c. Leibniz iv. Stepped reckoner d. Babbage 3. Match the inventors in column A with their inventions in column B. A B i. Alan Turing a. Inventor of program-controlled computer ii. Atanasoff- b. Stored program architecture Berry iii. Grace Hopper c. Formalised concept of algorithm iv. Konrad Zuse d. Made non programmable computer v. Von Neumann e. invented high level language ‘Flow-Matic’ Remembering List major milestones D O SA in the development of 4. Given below are various devices invented in various centuries. Arrange v,I,iv,vii,vi,ii,iii modern day them in sequence in which they were invented. computers and i. Devices with gears and flutes Internet. ii. Digital computers iii. Computers with Microprocessors iv. Automation with punched cards v. Counters to aid calculations vi. Analog computers vii. Mechanical computation machines Computer Masti ::74:: Remembering List major milestones E O LA 5. Explain the factors which resulted in the invention of the Analog During the world war, in the development of computer. there was requirement modern day for tables of artillery computers and firing, communication of Internet. strategies using complicated codes, solving mathematical equations, decoding messages. This led to the invention of Analog Computers. These computers were mechanical or electrical or electromechanical devices and were used for the above mentioned purposes. Remembering List major milestones E O SA 6. What was the main drawback of punched cards invented in 18th – 19th The punched cards in the development of century? occupy a lot of storage modern day space and they could be computers and destroyed easily. Internet. Remembering List names of people E O LA 7. Describe the contribution of Grace Hopper in the History of computers. Grace Hooper invented responsible for the first high level development of language called Flow- computer and related matic which later technologies. developed into COBOL. She also constructed the first compiler. She also coined the word “debugging” to describe the Work to eliminate faults in a program. Remembering List major milestones E O LA 8. How does the ‘Stored program architecture’ work? In “Stored program in the development of architecture” the program modern day and the data were stored computers and in memory and Internet. instructions were processed one after the Computer Masti ::75:: other. The input was generally typed on cards. Each instruction was typed on one card and the deck of cards was read by a card reader and stored in memory. Those who submitted the program had to wait till their program was processed to obtain the printed output. If the programmer had to change the program, they had to type in another card and insert it in the deck of cards. Remembering List major milestones E O LA 9. What are the benefits of second generation computers over first These computers were in the development of generation computers? developed after 1955 and modern day had transistors in the computers and place of vaccum tubes in Internet. the processor. Transistors were more reliable, much cheaper and smaller. The second generation computers had more computing power, were smaller in size, easier to maintain and were more affordable than the previous generation. Remembering List major milestones E O LA 10. What are the different types of fifth generation computers? Describe The different types of fifth in the development of each of them? generation computers are modern day Desktop, notebook or computers and laptop, palmtop, server, Internet. Mainframe and Super Computer. x Desktop computers are based on Computer Masti ::76:: ICs. x Notebook or laptop computer is same as desktop but can be carried around. x Palmtop is a miniature version of notebook with limited capabilities. x Server is a powerful version of desktop capable of catering to various applications in a network environment . x Mainframe is a powerful version of server and is capable of handling huge applications and data processing. x Super computer has multiprocess Computer Masti ::77:: ors to perform typical scientific applications that need trillions of information per second while processing. Remembering List major milestones E S LA 11. What are embedded devices? Explain with examples? The term embedded in the development of means that the computer modern day is installed inside the computers and device. Internet. A small computer is embedded (put into) as part of a complete device, to perform one or a few specific functions related to that device. This computer cannot be programmed or used to do any other task, except performing the functions related to that device. Examples: Digital camera, DVD players, videogame consoles, smart phones, robots etc. Remembering List major milestones E S LA 12. What were the effects of using microprocessors in computers? Use of microprocessors in in the development of computers increased modern day reliability, speed, computers and precision and reduced the Internet. size and cost of computers. This ;ed to the use of computers in various fields. Computer Masti ::78:: Remembering List major milestones E S LA 13. What are the services available on Internet? Email, Video in the development of Conferencing, CHAT, E- modern day commerce are some of computers and the services on Internet. Internet. Remembering List major milestones E O SA 14. Select the correct option: i – d in the development of i. The following sentences describe the different generations of modern day computers and the technology that they used. Which of the computers and following sentences is incorrect? Internet. a. The first generation of computers were made of vacuum tubes. b. The second generation of computers were based on transistors. c. The third generation computers used integrated circuits. d. The fourth generation computers were developed using artificial intelligence. Remembering List major milestones E O SA 15. Arrange the following events about the development of the Internet in Qi. Correct order: II, III in the development of chronological order. and I modern day i. Programmer and physicist Tim Berners-Lee created computers and “WorldWideWeb” featured a server, HTML, URLs and browser. Internet. ii. Programmers Charley Kline and Bill Duvall enabled transfer of data between two nodes of the ARPANET. iii. Vint Cerf and Bob Kahn successfully linked three networks in a dramatic round-the-world transmission from a cruising van. Remembering List major milestones E O SA 16. Fill in the blanks. i. Ada Lovelace in the development of i. ………. wrote the first sequence of instructions for various tasks for ii. Ray Tomlinson modern day the analytical engine. iii. Steve Russel computers and ii. ……….is credited with inventing email in 1972. Internet. iii. ……… invented the first computer game SpaceWar on a MIT PDP-1 iv. Donald Davies Mainframe computer. v. William Higinbotham iv. ………….is an important pioneer in artificial intelligence (AI) which is vi. Tim Berners-Lee used in designing games. v. ………………created the first video game called ‘Tennis for Two' vi. At the world’s biggest physics laboratory, CERN in Switzerland, English programmer and physicist ………….. created the World Wide Web. Remembering List major milestones E O SA 17. Given below is a list of web browsers. Arrange the following browsers ii-iii-i-iv in the development of according to when they were released in the correct chronological modern day order: Computer Masti ::79:: computers and Internet. i. Apple's Safari ii. Microsoft's Internet Explorer iii. Mozilla Firefox iv. Google's Chrome Remembering List major milestones E O SA 18. Match the following generation of computers with the technology i-d,ii-e,iii-a,iv-b,v-b in the development of used. modern day A B computers and i. First a. Integrated Circuits Internet. generation computers ii. Second b. Microprocessors or chips generation computers iii. Third c. Artificial Intelligence generation computers iv. Fourth d. Vacuum Tubes generation Computers v.