This project is co-financed by the European Union and the Republic of Turkey. DENİZLİ Climate Change Action Plan 2016 - 2030 This project is co-financed by the European Union and the Republic of Turkey. CLIMACTION POWER THE REVOLUTION FOR CLIMATE ACTION DENİZLİ Climate Change Action Plan 2016 - 2030 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Prepared by Rifat Ünal Sayman - Team Leader Onur Akpulat - Senior Climate Change Expert Regional Environmental Center Dursun Baş - Senior Climate Change Expert (REC) Turkey Gözde Odabaş - Data Analysis Expert Denizli Metropolitan Municipality Project Group Cem Bağcı - Head of Department Denizli Metropolitan Municipality Berna Yılmaz - Chemist (Project Coordinator) Department of Survey and Pelin Aslı Özen - Economist (Project Assistant) Projects Denizli Climate Change Action Plan All rights reserved. © June 2019, REC Turkey GRANTEE On Behalf of Denizli Metropolitan Municipality Mayor of Denizli Osman ZOLAN No part of this publication may be sold or reproduced in any form without permission. Regional Environmental Center (REC) Turkey Mustafa Kemal Mahallesi 2142. Sokak No:18/11 Söğütözü Ankara Turkey Tel: +90 (312) 491 95 30 • Fax: +90 (312) 491 95 40 E-mail: [email protected] • Website: www.rec.org.tr Reminder This publication has been produced with the assistance of the EU. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of Denizli Metropolitan Municipality and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union. CONTENTS FOREWORD 3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 5 SUMMARY OF MITIGATION ACTIONS 19 SUMMARY OF ADAPTATION ACTIONS 22 FINDINGS OF ADAPTATION QUESTIONNAIRE 25 LOCAL CCAP OF METROPOLITAN CITIES 28 REFERENCES 30 Power the Revolution for Climate Action FOREWORD Climate change is one of the biggest threats our planet faces. If the world’s temperature rises more than 2 Celsius degrees compared to pre-industrial revolution, climate change will become irreversible and will have huge impacts in the long term. With the global temperature rise, increase in the frequency and impact of extreme weather events such as drought, flood, hurricane are observed, human communities are at serious risk as well as plants, animals and ecosystems as a result of factors such as the increase of seawater levels, acidification of oceans and the melting of glaciers. Scientifically obtained concrete data reveal that greenhouse gases created by humans cause global climate change. Constituting 70% of the global population and 80% of greenhouse gas emissions, cities play an important role in combatting with climate change. Local governments have important means of combating in urban planning, transportation, buildings and waste, which are their main areas of authority and responsibility. Under the Capacity Building in the Field of Climate Change in Turkey Grant Scheme supported by the EU, we have prepared Denizli Climate Change Action Plan, as one of the main activities of “Power the Revolution for Climate Action Project” of which Central Finance and Contracts Unit, is the Contracting Authority, the Ministry of Environment and Urbanization is the beneficiary and Denizli Metropolitan Municipality is the implementing institution. Denizli Climate Change Action Plan is a plan that sets out the framework for mitigation and adaptation in combatting with climate change. The Climate Change Action Plan prepared at city scale will contribute to achieving the goal of a low-carbon and climate-resilient Denizli. I would like to express my gratitude to our municipality staff, public institutions and organizations in Denizli, non-governmental organizations, private sector representatives and REC Turkey for their support. Denizli Climate Change Action Plan will contribute to national, regional and local policies and Turkey’s development objectives towards sustainability. I hope that this valuable work will be an example for other projects that will be necessary in this way and will contribute to the development of the capacity of Turkey’s mitigation and adaptation. With deepest regards… Scientifically obtained concrete data reveal Osman ZOLAN that greenhouse gases Mayor of Denizli created by humans cause global climate change. 3 Power the Revolution for Climate Action 4 Power the Revolution for Climate Action EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Denizli Climate Change Action Plan study has been conducted by REC Turkey under “Power the Revolution for Climate Action”, supported by the European Union Pre-Accession Assistance (IPA) fund, of which Denizli Metropolitan Municipality is the beneficiary1. It is very important to contribute to the national efforts to combat global climate change at the local level. In this respect, Denizli Climate Change Action Plan is of great importance. Target-driven mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions through the implementation of mitigation actions will not remain as a local effort only, but will also support the reduction of total greenhouse gas emissions in Turkey. On the other hand, the implementation of the adaptation actions is largely dependent on local activism although adaptation policy at the national level is important for the general framework and political ownership. In order to mitigate the greenhouse gases that cause climate change and reduce the risks arising from climate change, the actions in the plan are aimed to overlap with the policies and activities in other related areas as much as possible. The Climate Change Action Plan (CCAP), which will be a milestone in Denizli’s struggle with climate change, will serve as a basic source and road map for the officials and specialists of Denizli Metropolitan Municipality and representatives of other related institutions. A fully participatory process has been followed while preparing The Climate Change the CCAP and all relevant stakeholders have been included in the preparation process. A Steering Committee was formed in the first Action Plan (CCAP), phase of the study to provide general guidance to the action plan, which will be a by bringing together key institutions. CCAP Steering Committee, the members below met three times during the study period. A total of milestone in Denizli’s 5 stakeholder workshops, in addition to the steering meetings, have struggle with climate been organized in order to transfer the experience and suggestions of the other stakeholders to the study, and individual and sectoral change, will serve as a surveys have been applied to the participants in these workshops. The basic source and road questionnaires are structured so as to provide a base for mitigation and adaptation actions. In the first workshop, a road map was map. prepared for data collection. In the second workshop greenhouse gas inventory results and future projections were evaluated and actions were finalized through structured surveys in the third workshop. In the last workshop, adaptation actions were built in the light of identified risks. 1 Power the Revolution for Climate Action is one of the projects supported under the Capacity Building in the Field of Climate Change in Turkey Grant Scheme by the European Union. 5 Power the Revolution for Climate Action CCAP ADVISORY BOARD MEMBERS Governorate of Denizli Provincial Denizli Metropolitan Directorate of Environment and Municipality Urbanization Denizli Metropolitan Governorate of Denizli Provincial Municipality Water and Directorate of Industry and Sewerage Administration Technology Governorate of Denizli Governorate of Denizli Provincial Provincial Directorate of Directorate of National Agriculture and Forestry Education Turkish Statistical Institute Denizli Pamukkale Municipality Regional Directorate State Hydraulic Works Branch Merkezefendi Municipality Office 212 Pamukkale University Denizli Chamber of Industry The vision of the action plan is defined as “making Denizli a low carbon, climate change resistant model city”. In the light of this vision, 21% reduction from increase was identified as a realistic goal covering all The vision of the emission sources at the provincial level. Taking into account Turkey’s action plan is defined Intended Nationally Determined Contribution (INDC), the target year is determined as 2030, which is the year envisaged in international as “making Denizli a processes. Setting a goal of reduction from increase in parallel with Turkey’s low carbon, climate national goal and determining the goal as per capita, considering the population increase, was deemed appropriate. change resistant During the preparation of the CCAP, literature survey, stakeholder model city”. analysis, desktop analysis, coordination meetings with key institutions / organizations, stakeholder workshops, questionnarie studies and bilateral interviews were conducted and this report herein was prepared. MITIGATION Prior to the GHG inventory reporting, the existing national and international sources were scanned in detail, and the relevant data for the year 2016 were systematically collected, classified and analyzed. 2016 was chosen as the inventory year. The main reasons for this are that the most current, holistic and accurate data on the national scale and the Denizli scale can be reached in this year. These data were classified according to the identified methodology. The Denizli Greenhouse Gas Inventory has been prepared in accordance with Global Protocol for Local GHG Emissions (GPC) which was prepared in 2014 by C40 Cities Climate Leadership Group (C40), the International Council of Local Environmental Initiatives (ICLEI) 6 Power the Revolution for Climate Action and the World Resources Institute (WRI) and which