Managing Critical Truck Parking Case Study – Real World Insights from Truck Parking Diaries December 2016 Managing Critical Truck Parking Case Study – Real World Insights from Truck Parking Diaries December 2016 Caroline Boris Research Analyst American Transportation Research Institute Minneapolis, MN Rebecca M. Brewster President and COO American Transportation Research Institute Atlanta, GA 950 N. Glebe Road, Suite 210 Arlington, VA 22203 www.atri-online.org ATRI BOARD OF DIRECTORS Ms. Judy McReynolds Mr. Robert E. Low Chairman of the ATRI Board President and CEO Chairman, President & CEO Prime Inc. ArcBest Corporation Springfield, MO Fort Smith, AR Mr. Rich McArdle Mr. David S. Congdon President Vice Chairman and CEO UPS Freight Old Dominion Freight Line Richmond, VA Thomasville, NC Mr. Jeffrey J. McCaig Mr. Michael L. Ducker Chairman President & CEO Trimac Transportation, Inc. FedEx Freight Houston, TX Memphis, TN Mr. Gregory L. Owen Mr. Rich Freeland Head Coach & CEO President & COO Ability/ Tri-Modal Transportation Cummins Inc. Services Columbus, IN Carson, CA Mr. Hugh H. Fugleberg Ms. Annette Sandberg President & COO President & CEO Great West Casualty Company Transsafe Consulting, LLC South Sioux City, NE Davenport, WA Mr. Dave Huneryager Ms. Rebecca M. Brewster President & CEO President & COO Tennessee Trucking Association American Transportation Nashville, TN Research Institute Atlanta, GA Mr. Derek Leathers President & CEO Mr. Chris Spear Werner Enterprises President & CEO Omaha, NE American Trucking Associations Arlington, VA Mr. Chris Lofgren President & CEO Schneider National, Inc. Green Bay, WI ATRI RESEARCH ADVISORY COMMITTEE Mr. Steve L. Niswander Mr. Chad England Mr. Jonathan R. Peters, PhD RAC Chairman Chief Executive Officer Professor of Finance, VP, Safety Policy & C.R. England Department of Business Regulatory Relations College of Staten Island – The Groendyke Transport, Inc. Mr. Paul J. Enos City University of New York Chief Executive Officer Mr. Doug Bennett Nevada Trucking Association Ms. Karen Rasmussen Director, Operations & President & CEO Business Development Ms. Sherri Garner HELP Inc. U.S. AutoLogistics, L.L.C. Brumbaugh President & CEO Ms. Barbara Robinson Ms. Amy Boerger Garner Transportation Group Director Vice President – North American Truck Dealers (ATD) American Engine Business Dr. David W. Guess McLean, VA Cummins Inc. Executive Vice President, Safety & Regulatory Affairs Mr. Wellington F. Roemer, III Mr. Andrew Boyle Usher Transport, Inc. President & CEO Executive VP & CFO Wellington F. Roemer Boyle Transportation Mr. Sanford Hodes Insurance, Inc. Senior Vice President & Mr. Randy Boyles Deputy General Counsel Mr. Steve Rogers Senior Vice President, Ryder System, Inc. Tailored Solutions Vice President, Truckload PeopleNet Mr. Shannon Lively Operations Vice President – Planning and J.B. Hunt Transport, Inc. Ms. Cheryl Bynum Engineering Mr. Brett A. Sant Manager, SmartWay ABF Freight System, Inc. Transport Partnership VP, Safety and Risk U.S. Environmental Protection Ms. Michelle D. Livingstone Management Agency Vice President – Knight Transportation, Inc. Transportation Mr. Louis Campion The Home Depot Ms. Andrea Sequin President Director, Regulatory Services Maryland Motor Truck Mr. Vladimir Livshits, Ph.D. Schneider National, Inc. Association, Inc. System Analysis Program Manager Mr. Brandon Shafer Mr. Michael Conyngham Maricopa Association of Director of Health and Safety Director of Research Governments UPS Freight International Brotherhood of Teamsters Mr. Chris McLoughlin Mr. Keith Tuttle Cargo Risk Manager Founder Mr. Bob Costello C.H. Robinson Motor Carrier Service Inc. Chief Economist & Senior VP American Trucking Mr. Scott Mugno Mr. Ronald Uriah Associations Vice President, Safety, Vice President, Safety Sustainability and Vehicle Pitt-Ohio, LLC Mr. Tom Cuthbertson Maintenance Vice President, Regulatory FedEx Ground Mr. Tom Weakley Compliance Director of Operations Omnitracs LLC Ms. Brenda Neville Owner-Operator Independent President Drivers Association Foundation Mr. Dennis Dellinger Iowa Motor Truck Association President Mr. Rusty Weiss Cargo Transporters Mr. Dean Newell Director, External Research Vice President, Safety DriveCam-Lytx Mr. Duke Drinkard Maverick USA, Inc. Energy Manager Mr. Geoffrey Wood Southeastern Freight Lines Major David L. Palmer VP, Operations & Safety Major, Texas Hwy Patrol Canadian Trucking Alliance Mr. Chip Duden Division Vice President, Strategic Texas Dept. of Public Safety Business Analytics Werner Enterprises TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF ACRONYMS ..................................................................................................... 3 1.0 BACKGROUND ........................................................................................................ 4 2.0 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................... 6 3.0 METHODOLOGY ...................................................................................................... 7 4.0 RESULTS ................................................................................................................. 8 4.1 Driver Demographics ........................................................................................ 8 4.2 Diary Participant Planning and Parking Behaviors ...................................... 12 4.3 Unauthorized and Undesignated Parking ..................................................... 15 4.4 Lost Productivity............................................................................................. 20 4.41 Time Spent Searching for Parking ........................................................ 21 4.42 Remaining Drive Time ............................................................................ 26 4.5 Lost Truck Parking Capacity ......................................................................... 28 4.6 Stop Locations ................................................................................................ 31 5.0 CONCLUSIONS ...................................................................................................... 34 7.0 RECOMMENDATIONS ........................................................................................... 36 APPENDIX A ................................................................................................................ 39 APPENDIX B ................................................................................................................. 42 APPENDIX C ................................................................................................................ 45 Managing Critical Truck Parking Case Study — Real World Insights from Truck Parking Diaries December 2016 1 LIST OF TABLES Table 1: For-Hire Industry Sector................................................................................. 8 Table 2: Fleet Size ......................................................................................................... 9 Table 3: Driver Operating Region Estimates and Diary Stop Locations ................ 10 Table 4: Primary Vehicle Configuration .................................................................... 11 Table 5: Driver Age ...................................................................................................... 11 Table 6: Unauthorized/Undesignated Parking by Time-of-Day ............................... 17 Table 7: Unauthorized/Undesignated Parking by Day-of-week ............................... 18 Table 8: Unauthorized/Undesignated Parking by Urban/Suburban/Rural .............. 18 Table 9: Unauthorized/Undesignated Parking by Location Type ............................ 19 Table 10: Unauthorized/Undesignated Parking by Region ...................................... 20 Table 11: Search Time per Stop by Time-of-Day ...................................................... 23 Table 12: Search Time by Reason for Stop ............................................................... 24 Table 13: Daily Search Time by ELD Use .................................................................. 26 Table 14: Truck Parking Spaces Occupied by Non-CMVs by Time-of-Day ............ 30 Table 15: Spaces Occupied by Non-CMVs by Location ........................................... 31 Table 16: Factors Influencing Where Drivers Stop for 10-Hour Required HOS Breaks .......................................................................................................................... 32 Table 17: Stop Locations for 10-Hour Required Breaks .......................................... 32 Table 18: Stop Location for 10-Hour Required Break by Gender ........................... 33 Table 19: Truck Parking Issues by Time-of-Day ....................................................... 34 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Average Length of Haul ................................................................................ 9 Figure 2: Qualifying Survey Operating Regions ....................................................... 10 Figure 3: Tools Used to Select Truck Parking Locations ........................................ 12 Figure 4: Unauthorized/Undesignated Parking Frequency ..................................... 16 Figure 5: Daily Search Time ....................................................................................... 21 Figure 6: Minutes of Daily Search Time by Day-of-week ......................................... 22 Figure 7: Daily Search Time by Region ..................................................................... 24