Geologic Assessment of Undiscovered Conventional Oil and Gas Resources in the Albian Clastic and Updip Albian Clastic Assessment Units, U.S. Gulf Coast Region Open-File Report 2016–1026 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Geologic Assessment of Undiscovered Conventional Oil and Gas Resources in the Albian Clastic and Updip Albian Clastic Assessment Units, U.S. Gulf Coast Region By Matthew D. Merrill Open-File Report 2016–1026 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Department of the Interior SALLY JEWELL, Secretary U.S. Geological Survey Suzette M. Kimball, Director U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia: 2016 For more information on the USGS—the Federal source for science about the Earth, its natural and living resources, natural hazards, and the environment—visit http://www.usgs.gov or call 1–888–ASK–USGS. For an overview of USGS information products, including maps, imagery, and publications, visit http://www.usgs.gov/pubprod/. 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ISSN 2331-1258 (online) iii Contents Abstract ...........................................................................................................................................................1 Introduction.....................................................................................................................................................1 Total Petroleum System Framework ...........................................................................................................2 Data Sources .........................................................................................................................................2 Upper Jurassic-Cretaceous-Tertiary Composite Total Petroleum System .................................2 Source Rocks................................................................................................................................2 Albian Clastic Reservoir Rocks....................................................................................................................6 Depositional Environment ...................................................................................................................6 Rodessa Formation ......................................................................................................................6 Rusk Formation .............................................................................................................................6 Paluxy Formation..........................................................................................................................6 Washita and Fredericksburg Groups ........................................................................................8 Reservoir Rock Characterization .......................................................................................................8 Rodessa Formation ......................................................................................................................8 Rusk Formation .............................................................................................................................8 Paluxy Formation..........................................................................................................................8 Washita and Fredericksburg Groups ........................................................................................9 Total Petroleum System Elements of the Albian Clastic Reservoirs ............................................9 Source Rock and Thermal Maturity ..........................................................................................9 Hydrocarbon Migration ............................................................................................................14 Traps and Seals ..........................................................................................................................14 Timing of Events .........................................................................................................................14 Hydrocarbon Production ..........................................................................................................15 Future Exploration Models .......................................................................................................15 Assessment of Conventional Undiscovered Resources in the Albian Clastic Reservoirs of the U.S. Gulf Coast Region ...................................................................................15 Assessment Units ...............................................................................................................................15 Albian Clastic Geologic Model ................................................................................................15 Albian Clastic Assessment Unit (50490125) ...........................................................................18 Boundaries .........................................................................................................................18 Assessment Form Inputs .................................................................................................18 Calculated Results ............................................................................................................22 Updip Albian Clastic Assessment Unit (50490126) ...............................................................22 Boundaries .........................................................................................................................22 Assessment Form Inputs .................................................................................................22 Calculated Results ............................................................................................................23 Summary........................................................................................................................................................23 Acknowledgments .......................................................................................................................................24 References Cited..........................................................................................................................................24 Appendix 1. Basic Input Data for the Albian Clastic Assessment Unit ................................................................................Available as a separate file Appendix 2. Basic Input Data for the Updip Albian Clastic Assessment Unit ..................................................................Available as a separate file iv Figures 1. Stratigraphic column for the U.S. Gulf Coast region ..............................................................3 2. Map showing the boundaries of the Upper Jurassic-Cretaceous-Tertiary Composite TPS in the U.S. Gulf Coast region ...........................................................................4 3. Map showing reservoir oil age across the U.S. Gulf Coast region ......................................5 4. A representative north to south cross section of Jurassic, Cretaceous, and Tertiary formations from southwestern Arkansas to northwestern Louisiana ..................7 5. Map showing depth from surface to top of the Paluxy Formation from well penetration depths .....................................................................................................................10 6. Map showing modeled vitrinite reflectance (% Ro) values across the U.S. Gulf Coast region for the Jurassic Smackover Formation ...........................................11 7. Events chart for Smackover Formation hydrocarbons in Albian clastic reservoirs .....................................................................................................................................12 8. Burial history diagram from a representative well in Panola County, Texas ....................13 9. Graph of wildcat wells that penetrate Albian clastic reservoirs in the Albian Clastic Assessment Unit (50490125) from 1900 to 2009 .........................................................16 10. Graph of wildcat wells that penetrate Albian clastic reservoirs in the Updip Albian Clastic Assessment Unit (50490126) from 1900 to 2009 ............................................17 11. Map showing the geographic extent of the Albian Clastic (50490125) and Updip Albian Clastic (50490126) assessment units ...............................................................19 12. Graph showing the size and discovery year for oil fields greater than 0.5 million barrels of oil (MMBO) of cumulative production and reserves .......................20 13. Graph showing the size and discovery year for gas fields greater than 3 billion cubic feet of gas (BCFG) of cumulative production and reserves .......................21 Table 1. Total undiscovered resource assessment results for the Albian Clastic and Updip Albian Clastic Assessment