STRATIGRAPHY, STRUCTURE, AMD ECONOMIC GEOLOGY OP PENNSYLVANIAN ROCKS IN WAYNE COUNTY, OHIO DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State U n iv e rs ity By HAROLD GRAY MULTER, A .B ., M.S. The Ohio State University 1955 ^Approved by: TABLE OP CONTENTS Pag© LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS......................................................... Vi INTRODUCTION............................................................................... 1 Location and extent ...................................................... 1 Purpose of tlie report ................................................. 1 Methods of study .............................................................. 3 Previous studies and acknowledgments ...........................- 3 STRATIGRAPHY-............................................................................... 6 Introduction ........................................................................ 6 POTTSVILLS GROUP.............................................................. 12 General statement and stratigraphic relations 12 Basal Pennsylvanian contact .............. ............................ 13 Harrison ore ................................................................ 18 Interval between the base of the Pottsville and the top of the Quakertown coal General statement and stratigraphic relations 20 Nomenclature and correlations ...................... 21 Sharon cyclothem ...................................................... 24 Definition and distribution ................. 24 Stratigraphic relations and thickness.... 24 L ith o lo g y ........................ 24 Anthony cyclothem .................................................... 26 Definition and stratigraphicrelations... 26 Distribution and thickness .................................. 26 L ith o lo g y .............................................................. 28 Qu ake rt o wn cy c 1 o t hem........................................................... 30 Definition, distribution and thickness... 30 L ith o lo g y ............................................................................. 30 Interval between the top of the Quakertown coal and the top of the Middle Mercer coal. General statement and stratigraphic relations 32 Distribution ................................................................ 34 Nomenclature and correlations ...................... 34 Massillon sandstone ............... 36 Bear Run cyclothem ................... 39 Definition, distribution and thickness... 39 L ith o lo g y .............................................................. 39 i i Table of Contents (Continued) Page Vandusen cyclothem ................................................................. 40 Definition, distribution and thickness... 40 L ith o lo g y .............................................................................. 40 Lower hercer eyclothem. ...a ... .... 41 Definition, distribution and thickness... 4 l L ith o lo g y ............................................................................. 43 Flint Ridge cyclothem .......................................................... 43 Definition and stratigraphic relations... 43 Distribution and thickness ................................... 43 L ith o lo g y .............................................................................. 44 Middle Mercer cyclothem .................................................... 46 Definition and stratigraphic relations... 46 Distribution and thickness ................................... 46 L ith o lo g y ............................................................................. 47 Interval between the top of the Middle Mercer coal and the top of the Brookville coal General statement and stratigraphic relations 48 Distribution ................................................................................ 51 Nomenclature and correlations ...................................... 51 Upper M ercer cy clo th em ............................................... ■54 Definition, distribution and thickness... 54 L ith o lo g y ............................................................................ 54 Bedford cyclothem ................................................................... 55 Definition, distribution and thickness... 55 L ith o lo g y ............................................................................. 56 Tionesta cyclothem ................................................................. 58 Definition and stratigraphic relations... 58 Distribution and thickness ................................... 59 L ith o lo g y .............................................................................. 59 Brookville cyclothem ............................................................ 60 Definition and stratigraphic relations... 60 Distribution and thickness ................................... 6 l L ith o lo g y ............................................................................. 61 ALLEGHENY GROUP.................................................................................. 64 General statement and stratigraphic relations 64 Interval between the top of the Brookville coal ana the top of the Allegheny Group General statement and distribution.... ............... 65 Nomenclature and correlations ...................................... 67 Lower Kittanning cyclothem ............................................. 69 Definition and distribution ................................. 69 Thickness. ................................................................ 69 Lithology. ...................................................................... 70 i i i Table of Contents (Continued) Page Middle Kittanning cyclothem ........................................ 73 Definition, distribution and thickness.. 73 L ith o lo g y ........................................................................... 73 Rocks above the Middle Kittanning cyclothem. 75 General statement ....................................................... 75 REVIEW OF THE PEHI1SYLVAHIAN GEOLOGY OF WAYNE COUNTY BY TOWNSHIPS...................................................................... 73 General statement ................................................................. 78 Milton and Chippewa townships ................................... 78 General statement ....................................................... 73 D is c u s s io n ........................................................................ 79 Baughman t ownsliip ................................................................. 83 General statement ....................................................... 33 D is c u s s io n ........................................................................ S3 East Union and Sugar Creek townships .................. 84 General statement ....................................................... 84 D is c u s s io n ......................................................................... 35 Paint township ......................................................................... 87 General statement ....................................................... 87 D is c u s s io n ........................................................................ 88 Salt Creek township ............................................................ 90 General statement ....................................................... QO D is c u s s io n ........................................................................ 91 Franklin, Clinton, Wooster and Wayne to w n sh ip s ..................................................................................... 92 General statement ...........................-.......................... 92 Dlscu ssion., .................................................................... 93 STRUCTURE............................................................................................... 96 Regional structure .............................................................. 96 Local structure ...................................................................... 99 ECONOMIC GEOLOGY............................................................................. 102 Introduction. ...................................................................... 102 COAL................................................................................................. 102 General statement ....................................................... 102 Past coal production ................................................ 103 Present coal production ...................................... 110 Future coal production.. ...................................... 111 CLAY AND: .SEALS........................................................................ 116 General statement ....................................................... 116 Past clay and shale production ....................... 116 Current clay production, ................................... 118 Future clay and shale production .................. 118 iv Cable of Contents (Continued) Page LIMESTONE..................................................................................... 121 General statem ent., .................................................. 121 SANDSTONE.............................................................. 124 General statement .................................. 124 SUMMARY OF STUDY.......................................... 126 BIBLIOGRAPHY............................................................................... 133 APPENDIX................................................................................................