Central Valley Central Valley San Joaquin Valley Lodi AVA (est 1986) Clarksburg AVA Sierra Foothills (est 1987) (no longer part of Specification) H 150,000 acres 69,000 acres. 42,000 ha. 5,700 acres planted. A Southern half of Central Valley. Northern edge of San Joaquin Valley. NW Central Valley. Amador County. L O 300 miles long by 60 miles wide. East of San Fran Bay. Just SW of Sacramento. East of Sacramento. C South of Sacramento. West of the northern part of Lodi. Western border runs along Lodi. A West side of Sierra Nevada Mnts. T I 1200’-2000’ elevation. O N C Winkler Zone V - Very warm to hot. Hot, dry summers. Mediterranean. Close to San Francisco Bay = fog and cool UC Davis Region 3. L I 10 month growing season. Cold, rainy winters. Warm day, cool night. breezes. Breezes from mtns drop 30-35 deg temps in M the evenings. A T E S Several feet of topsoil. Soil varies within AVA. Dense clay and loam. Sandy loam. O I Mostly deep loam occasionally covers with Granite. L large rocks similar to CdP. V French Colombard- 28,000 acres. Best known for old vine Zin. Zin 2,300 acres. A Chardonnay- 16,000 acres. Merlot, Chardonnay, Cab Sauv, Sauv Blanc. Cab Sauv 600 acres. R I Zinfandel- 14,000 acres. Syrah 560 acres. E Chard 289 acres. T Rhone varieties, Barbera, Sangiovese, I E Nebbiolo, Petit Sirah. S UC Davis developed grapes to withstand heat Dry farming. V w/ high yields. (Ruby Cabernet, Emerald Own rooted vines. I Riesling) 600 acres, 60+ year old vines. T I Most extensive and intricate irrigation system ever built. V I N I S Central Valley is not an AVA. 5 AVAs in 8 counties. Alta Mesa AVA, Borden Ranch AVA, Lodi Woodbridge AVA: Sub-AVA’s: Fiddletown, Shenandoah, El U B San Joaquin Valley is not an AVA. Clements Hills AVA, Cosumnes River AVA, Dorado, Fair Play, North Yuba. - Jahant AVA, Mokelumme River AVA, R Sloughhouse AVA. E G I O N S P >50% of total states’ wine grape crush. AVA was expanded in 2002 to include 100 wineries. R 30 wineries. (Gallo, Franzia, Constellation) southern and westerns areas. Most small, boutique. O D Woodbridge by Mondavi, Klinker Brick, U Peirano, Michael-David. C T I O N Brandon Thomas, DipWSET - thewalkinggrape.com - July 2016 North Central Coast (technically encompasses all land from San Francisco to Los Angelas, inland from coast to Central Valley) Alameda (Livermore Valley AVA) Santa Clara Santa Cruz H 1400 acres, 566 ha planted. 1500 acres, 607 ha planted. 1500 acres, 607 ha planted. A L East of San Fran bay. “Silicon Valley” San Fran peninsula to Santa Cruz. O Hides behind high hills. South of San Fran bay. West of Santa Clara. C A East of Santa Cruz mtns. Begins 400’ in the east, 800’ in the west. T Most vineyards in the south. Most vineyards at 2000’ elevation. I Steep slopes. O N C Location behind high hills blocks fog. Warmer than most areas. Follows fog line. L I Warm. In-between cool air from bay and rising heat from Central Cooling influences from Hecker & Pajaro passes. Wide range of microclimates. M Valley. West side of mtns is the coolest. A Rain: 30” in the north, 50” south. T E Afternoon fogs. S Gravel soils but stonier than Graves. Deep alluvial fans. San Andres fault runs through making soil generalities difficult. O I Gravelly, well drained. Thin soils on steep slopes. L More acidic due to rainfall & forrests. V Sauv Blanc, Semillon: well suited to terroir but losing flavor. Cab Sauv, Syrah, Zin, Chard, Malbec, Merlot. PN 25% A Zin, Petite Sirah: emerging as best quality. Cab Sauv 25% R I Chard: widely planted. Chard 25% E Riesling, Rhone varieties, Zin. T I E S V Active sustainable practices. I 4 organic, more in certification. T I V I N I S U B - R E G I O N S P Went, Concannon Vineyards. Almaden, Paul Masson. 50 wineries. R Ridge, David Bruce, Mt Eden, Fogarty, Storis, Bonny Donn. O D U C T I O N Brandon Thomas, DipWSET - thewalkinggrape.com - July 2016 North Central Coast con’t (technically encompasses all land from San Francisco to Los Angelas, inland from coast to Central Valley) Monterey Santa Lucia Highlands AVA Carmell Valley AVA Chalone AVA Arroyo Seco AVA H 40,000 acres planted. 6,100 acres planted. 300 acres planted. 300 aces planted. A L 100 miles north to south abutting Paso Salinas Valley. Seaward facing. East side of Salinas Valley. West side of Salinas Valley. O Robles. Hillside vineyards. Steep slopes. Looks down to Arroyo Seco. South of Santa Lucia Highlands. Salinas Valley: a chute between Santa Terraces on Sierra de Salinas Vineyards above 1000’. High in Gavilan mtns. Lucia mtns to the west and Gavillan mtns. Named for nearby Chalone Peaks. ranges in the east. Typically 400’ to 600’, some as high as 1200’. C North: cool, long growing season. Intense morning and afternoon Less wind and fog than Salinas Valley. Above the fog line. Notably low average day temps. L Summer 74F. sun. Warmer than northern end of Salinas Valley. Completely different climate than Arroyo Seco. Very long growing season. South: 100F at times. Winds and fogs increase in Western section more sheltered from winds. Valley allows cool air from Monterey Bay afternoon. with impressive winds. Very long growing season, into Nov. S Sandy soils. Well drained gravelly loam. Granite. Calcareous. Pebbly gravel. O Glacial alluvial fans. Limestone. Absorbs heat at day and keeps grapes from Decomposed granite. freezing at night. V Chard 50%. PN 2,500 acres. Bordeaux varieties. Chard, PN, PB Riesling, Gewürz: western section, promotes yearly A PN, Riesling: North. Chard 2,100 acres. botrytis. Bordeaux varieties: South. Rhone varieties. Chard. Cab Sauv: less successful. V Most regions require extensive irrigation I from Salinas river. V I S Santa Lucia Highlands AVA, Carmel Valley U AVA, Chalone AVA, Arroyo Seco AVA. P Diageo, Brown Forman, Monday, Gallo, Pisoni, Gary’s, Caymus, Sleepy Bernardus. Chalone. R Delicato, Beringer, Constallation, Kendall Hollow. Jackson. Brandon Thomas, DipWSET - thewalkinggrape.com - July 2016 South Central Coast San Luis Obispo Paso Robles AVA Edna Valley AVA Arroyo Grande Valley Santa Barbara County Santa Maria Valley Santa Ynez Valley AVA Santa Rita Hills AVA County AVA AVA H 26,000 acres. 800 acres. 21,000 acres. 8,000 acres. 5,000 acres. A Midway between San Fran Rolling hills east of Salinas Directly south of coastal 2 miles south of Edna 50 miles stretch. On San Luis Obispo Long east west corridor. Part of Santa Ynez Valley. L & Los Angeles. River. town SLO. Valley. Longest east/west traverse border. Between Purisima Hills to O Elevations from 700’-1000’ Steeper hillsides and Low hills on 3 sides allows 16 miles long. of shoreline from Alaska to Vineyards at valley floor the north. C A in the east to 850’-2000’ in canyons to the west. it to collect moisture laden East: northeast orientation, Cape Horn. 300’ to slopes and hillsides Santa Rosa Hills to the T the west. air from the ocean. allows Pacific breeze to up to 800’. south. I San Andreas fault runs moderate. Runs east to west. O N down eastern side of Valley divided by fog line. region. Primarily maritime climate. East: hot with no direct Cool, even temps. One of the coolest in CA. East west running valleys Flood plain of Santa Maria Main valley much warmer. West valley causing a wine C Very mild winters. access for cooling ocean Fog cover. open to the Pacific allowing river runs true east to west. Sheltered by sea fogs by gap that funnels fog and L I Cooler summers than CA breezes. Long growing season. inland flow of fog and off Wide open to sea fogs. elevation and higher hills. ocean breezes. M norm. West: wooden terrain, shore breezes. Region 1 Winkler. Region II Winkler. Region 1 Winkler. A Mean July temp 61F/17C marine air cooled. Wind is serious Dinural swings of 26 deg. T E (same as Mosel Valley). Large diurnal swings of consideration. Best sites in 40-50 degrees. the lees of hills not on top. Marine influenced. West side of 101: Clay rich soils. Sandy loam to clay loam. Botella clay loam or Carbonate infused. limestone, calcareous rich Monterey Shale with sandy S soils blended with dense loams, alluvial gravels, O I clay. chalk and marl. L East of 101: limestone with loam, clay mixed with sand. Deep and fertile. Red grape territory. Chardonnay. Zin, Petite Sirah, Rhone Chard: 6000+ acres. PN, Chard, Syrah. Lower eastern side end PN, Chard: more austere V A Cab Sauv 38% Gewurztraminer: done well varietals: grown on higher PN: 4000+ acres. best suited to PN, Chard, than Santa Maria. R Merlot 15% but not widely planted. elevations. Syrah: 1300 acres. Riesling. Syrah: peppery, leaner I Syrah 10% PN: variable. Chard, PN: cooler, mid- Western side: north/south body. E T Zin 9% valley vineyards. running canyons favor I warmer climate. Rhone, E Bordeaux, Sangiovese, S Nebbiolo, Syrah. V Fungal disease threat Own rooted vines. I despite low rainfall. Clonal selection important. T I V I N I York Mountain AVA (not a S sub of Paso) U Very small area on the B western edge of Paso S Robles. Cooler region. East: soft, easy drinking Talley, Latetia. 85% of vineyards owned Zaca Mesa, Firestone, Clos Pepe, Sanford, P Cab, Zin, Syrah. by 5 owners. Fess Parker. Babcock, Melville. R Corporate.