BEIRA PORT ASSESSMENT OF BEIRA DEVELOPMENT CORRIDOR This publication was produced by the SPEED+ Project under Contract No. AID-656-TO-16-00005 at the request of the United States Agency for International Development Mozambique Mission. This document is made possible by the support of the American people through the United States Agency for International Development. Its contents are the sole responsibility of the author or authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the U.S. Government TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY......................................................................................................... 1 1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................... 15 1.1 BACKGROUND .................................................................................................................... 15 1.2 PURPOSE OF STUDY ........................................................................................................... 15 1.3 STUDY AREA ...................................................................................................................... 16 1.4 STRUCTURE OF REPORT ..................................................................................................... 17 2.0 HISTORICAL CONTEXT ............................................................................................... 18 2.2 HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT .............................................................................................. 19 3.0 REGIONAL POSITIONING ........................................................................................... 25 3.1 TRANSIT CARGO FLOWS BY TARGET MARKET .............................................................. 26 3.3 TRANSIT CARGO FLOWS BY TRANSPORT CORRIDOR .................................................... 32 3.4 ZIMBABWE – FACTORS DETERMINING CORRIDOR CHOICE ....................................... 38 3.5 ZAMBIA – FACTORS DETERMINING CORRIDOR CHOICE ............................................. 39 3.6 DRC (KATANGA) – FACTORS DETERMINING CORRIDOR CHOICE ............................. 41 3.7 MALAWI – FACTORS DETERMINING CORRIDOR CHOICE ............................................ 43 4.0 CORRIDOR FOOTPRINT .............................................................................................. 49 4.1 PORT OF BEIRA ................................................................................................................ 49 4.1.1 CONTRACTUAL ARRANGEMENTS ............................................................................................... 49 4.2 PORT FLOWS ................................................................................................................... 49 4.2.1 MAIN LINER LINKAGES ............................................................................................................... 49 4.2.2 VESSEL MOVEMENTS ............................................................................................................. 52 4.2.3 TRAFFIC FLOWS – BEIRA PORT, 2013-2018 ...................................................................... 59 4.2.4 TRAFFIC FLOWS - MODAL-SPLIT, 2013-2018 .............................................................................. 63 4.2.5 TRAFFIC FLOWS – BORDER POSTS, 2013-2018 ........................................................................... 65 5. CORRIDOR INFRASTRUCTURE ................................................................................. 67 5.1 PORT INFRASTRUCTURE .................................................................................................. 67 5.1.1 PORT INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS .......................................................................................... 67 5.1.2 PORT DREDGING ....................................................................................................................... 69 5.1.3 PORT LAYOUT, CAPACITY AND FUTURE PLANS .......................................................................... 70 5.2 ROAD NETWORK ............................................................................................................. 85 5.2.1 ROAD SUB-CORRIDORS ............................................................................................................. 85 5.2.2 ROAD OPERATIONS ................................................................................................................... 89 5.3 RAIL NETWORK ............................................................................................................... 90 5.3.1 MACHIPANDA LINE .................................................................................................................... 91 5.2.1 SENA LINE .................................................................................................................................. 95 5.4 DRY PORTS ..................................................................................................................... 96 5.4.1 LOCHINVAR INLAND CONTAINER DEPOT (HARARE) .................................................................. 96 5.4.2 CORNELDER INLAND CONTAINER DEPOT (MUTARE) ................................................................. 97 5.4.3 OTHER INLAND CONTAINER DEPOTS (BEIRA) ............................................................................ 97 5.5 BEIRA CORRIDOR OIL PRODUCTS PIPELINE ................................................................... 99 6. TIME PERFORMANCE ................................................................................................. 100 OVERVIEW .............................................................................................................................. 100 6.1 MARITIME VOYAGE TURN-AROUND TIME ....................................................................... 100 6.2 PORT OF BEIRA PROCESSING TIME ................................................................................... 101 6.2.1 BEIRA PORT CONTAINER TERMINAL HANDLING AND CLEARING TIME ......................................... 101 6.2.2 PORT TIME BOTTLENECKS ............................................................................................................ 106 6.3 BEIRA CORRIDOR ROAD TRIP TIME ................................................................................. 106 6.3.1 METHODOLOGY OVERVIEW ......................................................................................................... 106 6.4 MEDIAN ROAD TRIP TIME BY LINK AND NODE ..................................................................... 107 6.5 ROAD TRIP TIME VARIABILITY ................................................................................................. 114 6.6 ROAD TRIP TIME BOTTLENECKS ...................................................................................................... 119 6.6.1 MEDIAN TIME BY LINK AND NODE ............................................................................................... 121 6.6.2 MEDIAN SPEED BY LINK AND NODE ............................................................................................. 124 6.6.3 WAGON TURNAROUND TIME ..................................................................................................... 125 6.6.4 RAIL TIME BOTTLENECKS ............................................................................................................. 125 6.7 BEIRA CORRIDOR SUMMARY TRIP PERFORMANCE .......................................................... 126 6.7.1 INLAND TIME AND SPEED PERFORMANCE BY ROUTE AND MODE .................................................. 126 6.7.2 TOTAL CORRIDOR TIME PERFORMANCE BY ROUTE AND MODE ................................................... 127 6.8 SUMMARY OF TIME BOTTLENECKS .......................................................................................... 130 7. COST PERFORMANCE ............................................................................................... 133 7.1 OVERVIEW ..................................................................................................................... 133 7.2 MARTIME CHARGES ....................................................................................................... 133 7.3 PORT OF BEIRA CHARGES ............................................................................................. 135 7.4 BEIRA CORRIDOR ROAD TRIP CHARGES ....................................................................... 139 7.4.1 TYPICAL TRIP CHARGES BY LINK AND NODE ............................................................................... 139 7.4.2.1 ROAD NODE CHARGE VARIABILITY BY NATIONALITY .................................................. 147 7.4.2.3 OTHER ANCILLARY CHARGES ........................................................................................... 148 7.5 BEIRA CORRIDOR RAIL TRIP CHARGES ......................................................................... 148 7.6 BEIRA CORRIDOR SUMMARY TRIP CHARGES ................................................................ 150 7.6.1 TOTAL CORRIDOR COST SUMMARY ............................................................................................. 150 7.6.2 TOTAL CORRIDOR COST BY NODE AND LINK ............................................................................. 152 7.7 SUMMARY OF COST BOTTLENECKS .............................................................................. 157 8. TRAFFIC FORECAST ....................................................................................................