Content 1. Space .......................................................................06-28 Outer Space Treaty ............................................................................................................ 6 Neutrino Observatory ........................................................................................................ 7 Solar Mission- Aditya ........................................................................................................ 9 Chandrayaan-2 Mission ................................................................................................... 10 Gravitational Waves ........................................................................................................ 11 Importance of Navigation System .................................................................................... 13 Reusable Launch Vehicle .................................................................................................14 About S.N. Bose ............................................................................................................. 16 Stephen Hawking ............................................................................................................ 18 Space Activities Bill, 2017 ............................................................................................... 19 ISRO as Soft Power ........................................................................................................ 20 ISRO’s Role In Socio-Economic Development ................................................................... 22 Space Debris .................................................................................................................. 24 Gaganyaan ..................................................................................................................... 26 20 Years of International Space Station............................................................................ 27 2. Biotechnology & Health ...............................................29-64 Tuberculosis ................................................................................................................... 29 Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV................................................................................ 31 Nipah Virus Infection ...................................................................................................... 34 Generic Drugs in India ..................................................................................................... 35 Stent Implants ................................................................................................................ 37 INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS: ISSUES & CONCERNS ................................................ 39 Misuse of Secondary Patent Methodology ....................................................................... 41 Digital Biopiracy .............................................................................................................. 43 Clinical Applications of whole Genome Sequencing .......................................................... 44 Three-Parent Babies Permitted in U.K. ............................................................................. 45 Mass Embryo Transfer .................................................................................................... 46 Issues Related to GM Food .............................................................................................. 47 Importance of Genetic Testing ......................................................................................... 50 Health Geo-Mapping Project ............................................................................................ 51 Digital Health Technology Eco-System ............................................................................. 52 Ethical Dimension In Biotechnology ................................................................................. 54 Law Commission Report on Human DNA Profi ling ............................................................ 56 Law against Genetic Discrimination ................................................................................. 58 Genome Editing: What, Why and Way Forward .................................................................. 60 3. DEFENCE ...................................................................65-79 India’s Missile System ..................................................................................................... 65 Brahmos and its Signifi cance .......................................................................................... 68 India’s Ballistic Missile Defence System ........................................................................... 70 Indian Submarines and Naval Ships ................................................................................. 72 Light Combat Aircraft ...................................................................................................... 75 UAVs in India ..................................................................................................................75 Chemical Weapons ......................................................................................................... 77 Biological Weapons ........................................................................................................ 78 4. Policies Related to Science ........................................80-100 STI Policy 2013 of India: Analysis ....................................................................................80 The Paradox of Innovation ............................................................................................... 81 Analysis of INSPIRE Scheme ........................................................................................... 83 National Biotechnology Development Strategy 2015- 2020 ................................................ 85 Organ Donation Rules in India .......................................................................................... 86 Policy on Synthetic Biology ............................................................................................. 89 The DNA Technology (Use and Application) Regulation Bill, 2018 ......................................91 Maharashtra’s Public Cloud Policy ................................................................................... 92 National Policy on Electronics 2019 ................................................................................. 93 Roadmap for Drones ....................................................................................................... 94 National Wind-Solar Hybrid Policy ....................................................................................96 Draft Rules for E-Pharmacies ........................................................................................... 97 National Digital Communications Policy ........................................................................... 99 5. IT & Telecom ..........................................................101-144 Net Neutrality ............................................................................................................... 101 Internet of Things ......................................................................................................... 102 Big Data Initiative.......................................................................................................... 105 Supercomputer and its Applications .............................................................................. 107 Li-Fi Technology and its Application ............................................................................... 109 Use of it in Financial Inclusion ....................................................................................... 111 Credit/Debit Card Crimes .............................................................................................. 113 Bharatnet Project .......................................................................................................... 116 Wanna Cry Malware ...................................................................................................... 118 Concept of Cyber-Physical Systems ............................................................................... 119 Esign Electronic Signature Service: Signifi cance & Applications ...................................... 120 Digital India: Achievements ........................................................................................... 122 A doption of Blockchain Technology to Stop Bank Frauds ............................................................127 Artifi cial Intelligence and Society ................................................................................... 129 Two Authentication Procedure ....................................................................................... 131 Facial Authentication Working ....................................................................................... 132 Issue of Internet Governance ......................................................................................... 133 Quantum computing ..................................................................................................... 134 National supercomputing mission ................................................................................. 135 Data Protection-B N srikrishna committee