FACULTAD DE TEOLOGÍA Máster Ignatiana 2014 - 2015 PETER FABER THE BEST PERSON TO GIVE THE SPIRITUAL EXERCISES: EXPERIENCE, MEANS AND METHODS TRABAJO FIN DE MÁSTER PARA LA OBTENCIÓN DEL GRADO DE MÁSTER DE ESPIRITUALIDAD IGNACIANA DIRECTOR: Prof. Dr. D. JOSÉ GARCÍA DE CASTRO VALDÉS, S.J AUT OR: SHAJI JOSEPH NIRAVATHUPARAMPIL , S.J. MADRID – JUNIO 2015 FACULTAD DE TEOLOGÍA Máster Ignatiana 2014 - 2015 PETER FABER THE BEST PERSON TO GIVE THE SPIRITUAL EXERCISES: EXPERIENCE, MEANS AND METHODS AUTOR: SHAJI JOSEPH NIRAVATHUPARAMPIL, S.J. VISTO BUENO DEL DIRECTOR Prof. Dr. JOSÉ GARCÍA DE CASTRO VALDÉS, S.J. Fdo. MADRID – JUNIO 2015 CONTENTS Abbreviations ........................................................................................................................... 7 Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 9 Chapter I - A Brief Biographical Sketch and Ministry of Peter Faber ....................... 13 1. Biographical Sketch ..................................................................................................... 13 1.1. From Savoy to Paris .............................................................................................. 13 1.2. In Paris ................................................................................................................... 15 1.3. Paris to Venice and Beyond ................................................................................... 17 1.4. Death, Beatification and Canonization .................................................................. 20 2. A Short Resume of Faber’s Ministry ........................................................................... 21 2.1 In Parma, Worms and Ratisbon (1539-1541) ........................................................ 22 2.2 In Spain (1541- 1542) ............................................................................................ 23 2.3 In Germany (1542-1544) ....................................................................................... 23 2.3.1 Speyer ............................................................................................................. 23 1 2.3.2 Mainz .............................................................................................................. 23 2.3.3 Cologne (1543-1544) ..................................................................................... 24 2.4 Portugal, Spain and Rome (1544-1546) ................................................................ 24 2.5 The Inner Experiences of Faber ............................................................................. 26 2.5.1 The Totality and Uniqueness of the Experience ............................................ 27 2.5.2 The Body ........................................................................................................ 27 2.5.3 The Profoundness of his Spiritual Experience ............................................... 29 2.6 Different Devotions and Interlocutors of his God Experience .............................. 32 2.6.1 God the Father ................................................................................................ 32 2.6.2 Jesus ............................................................................................................... 33 2.6.3 The Trinity...................................................................................................... 34 2.6.4 Mary ............................................................................................................... 34 2.6.5 Holy Angels.................................................................................................... 35 2.6.6 Guardian Angels ............................................................................................. 35 2.6.7 Saints and Martyrs .......................................................................................... 36 2.7 Conclusions ........................................................................................................... 37 CHAPTER II - The Significant Traits and Characteristics of Faber’s Personality ........ 39 1. Human Traits ............................................................................................................... 39 1.1. Gentle, Unassuming and Compassionate .............................................................. 39 1.2. Born Optimist ........................................................................................................ 40 1.3. An Ideal and Affable Leader ................................................................................. 40 2 1.4. Persuasive, Humble and Peace Loving .................................................................. 42 1.5. Intelligent, Observant and a Good Listener ........................................................... 42 1.6. Scrupulous and Unsure .......................................................................................... 43 2. Spiritual Traits ............................................................................................................. 44 2.1. A Man of Prayer and Man of God ......................................................................... 44 2.1.1 Man of Prayer ................................................................................................. 44 2.1.2 Man of God .................................................................................................... 46 2.2. ‘A Specialist at the Confessional’ ......................................................................... 47 2.3. Holy and Obedient ................................................................................................. 49 Chapter III - ‘Peter Faber the Best Person to Give the Exercises’ ................................... 53 1. Encounter with Ignatius and the Experience of the Exercises ..................................... 54 1.1 Encounter with Ignatius and the Initial Experience ............................................... 54 1.2 Faber’s Experience of the Month Long Spiritual Exercises .................................. 56 1.2.1 Effects of the Retreat on Faber ....................................................................... 58 2. An Overview of Faber’s Ministry of the Spiritual Exercises ...................................... 58 2.1. Ministry of Spiritual Exercises in Paris ................................................................. 59 2.1.1 Spiritual Exercises to Claude Jay ................................................................... 59 2.1.2 Exercises to Pascal Broet and Jean Codure .................................................... 59 2.1.3 Exercises to a Medical Doctor ....................................................................... 60 2.1.4 Exercises to Helyar......................................................................................... 61 2.2. Faber and Laynez in Parma ................................................................................... 61 3 2.3. Worms, Speyer and Ratisbon ................................................................................ 62 2.3.1 Worms ............................................................................................................ 62 2.3.2 Speyer ............................................................................................................. 63 2.3.3 Ratisbon .......................................................................................................... 64 2.4. In Spain .................................................................................................................. 66 2.4.1 Exercises to Simple People ............................................................................ 66 2.5. Faber’s Second Stint in Speyer .............................................................................. 67 2.5.1 Exercises to Important Persons ...................................................................... 68 2.6. Exercises in Mainz ................................................................................................. 69 2.7. Aschaffenburg ....................................................................................................... 71 2.8. Cologne, Louvain, Cologne ................................................................................... 71 2.8.1 Cologne .......................................................................................................... 71 2.8.2 Louvain........................................................................................................... 71 2.8.3 In Cologne a Second Time ............................................................................. 72 2.9. Portugal and Spain ................................................................................................. 73 2.9.1 Evora and Coimbra......................................................................................... 73 2.9.2 Madrid and Valladolid ................................................................................... 74 2.10. Exercises to Peter Canisius ................................................................................ 75 3. The Reasons – Faber being Considered the Best to Give the Exercises ...................... 78 3.1 Living with Ignatius............................................................................................... 79 3.2 Making the Exercises with Ignatius ....................................................................... 79 4 3.3 Faber’s Experience of Giving/Directing