Design and Development of Microcontroller Based SMS Controlled Home Automation System Tahmina Begum DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING DHAKA UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, GAZIPUR July 2010 i Design and Development of Microcontroller Based SMS Controlled Home Automation System A thesis submitted to the Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, DUET, Gazipur in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE IN ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING by Tahmina Begum DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING DHAKA UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, GAZIPUR July 2010 ii iii DECLARATION I hereby declare that this thesis or any part of the thesis has not been submitted elsewhere for the award of any degree or diploma. Signature of the candidate (Tahmina Begum) iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First of all, I would like to thank Almighty Allah for providing me the health, courage and strength necessary to start and complete this work. Alhamdulillah. I feel privileged and proud to acknowledge my profound gratitude to Professor Dr. M. Bashir Uddin, Dean of the faculty of EEE, DUET, Gazipur, for his kind consent to select this topic, constant guidance, supervision and invaluable suggestions, inspiration, support, patience, and especially his encouragement to this thesis work. I am deeply indebted and grateful to Professor Mohammad Abdul Mannan, Head, Department of EEE, DUET, Gazipur, for his encouragement and valuable advice during this work. I would like to show my gratitude to my Co-Supervisor, Md. Shazzat Hossain, Assistant Professor, Department of EEE, DUET, Gazipur, for his guidance. I am highly grateful to Professor Dr. Md. Shaheen Choudhury, Department of EEE, DUET, Gazipur, for his constant guidance, encouragement and valuable advice during this work. I also would like to thank all my fellow friends for their contribution in giving me a moral support throughout this thesis work. I am also thankful to the librarian and the laboratory staffs of Dhaka University of Engineering and Technology (DUET) for their assistance in this thesis work. Last but not least, to all my beloved family members, especially my mother, elder brother Engineer Mr. Faizullah and my husband Dr. Mohammad Salman who were always, stand by my side to encourage, advice, comfort, cherish, and support me during this entire thesis work. Lastly, I really appreciate to have this responsibility to finish this work. This task has taught a lot of lesson and knowledge which is much valuable for me in the future. July, 2010 Tahmina Begum v ABSTRACT This thesis mainly focuses on the controlling of home appliances remotely and providing security when the user is away from the place. The system is SMS based and uses wireless technology to revolutionize the standards of living. This system provides ideal solution to the problems faced by home owners in daily life. The system is wireless therefore more adaptable and cost-effective. The home appliances control system provides control on automation of various home appliances using SMS. The system is capable enough to receive the instruction from user via SMS by a cell phone to change the condition of the home appliance according to the user’s needs and requirements. The system uses GSM technology thus providing ubiquitous access to the system for automated appliance control. The whole system is comprised of two components; one is hardware includes, PIC Microcontroller, GSM Module, Cell phone, power supply, sensors and relays. Other part is to develop master software based on PICBasic Pro and EPIC WIN software which is capable of remote controlling and monitoring appliances and devices via the SMS. The Prototype developed in the premises of Dhaka University of Engineering and Technology (DUET) shows the ability to receive and transmit back the SMS to communicate with the user and automate the home appliances. Results proved that home appliances control is possible by this system with less human dependence. Keywords: Short Message Service (SMS), Global System for Mobile communication (GSM), ubiquitous access and Automation. vi CONTENTS Pages Board of Examiners iii Declaration iv Acknowledgement v Abstract vi List of Figures xiii List of Tables xv xvi List of Abbreviations CHAPTER-1 INTRODUCTION 1.0 Introduction 1 1.1 Review 2 1.2 Some Important Terms Related to Home Automation 3 1.2.1 GSM Network 3 1.2.2 GSM Module 3 1.2.3 Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) 3 1.2.4 Short Message Service (SMS) 4 1.2.5 Microcontroller 4 1.2.6 Software 5 1.2.6.1 PicBasic Pro Software 5 1.2.6.2 EPIC Win 5 1.3 Aims and Objectives 6 1.4 Organization of the Thesis 6 CHAPTER-2 HOME APPLIANCES CONTROL SYSTEM 2.0 An Intelligent Home 8 2.1 Types of Home Automation Controls 10 2.1.1 Individual Control Devices 10 2.1.2 Distributed Control Systems 11 2.1.3 Centrally Controlled Systems 11 2.2 Appliances usually controlled 11 vii 2.2.1 Lighting, fan, air conditioner and other electrical devices 11 2.2.2 Security Systems and Access Control 11 2.2.3 Home Theater and Entertainment 11 2.2.4 Phone System 12 2.2.5 Thermostat 12 2.2.6 Irrigation 12 CHAPTER-3 HARDWARE COMPONENTS 3.0 Microcontroller 14 3.1 Components of Microcontroller 15 3.1.1 Microprocessor/CPU 16 3.1.2 Memory in a Microcontroller 16 3.1.2.1 Read Only Memory (RAM) 16 3.1.2.2 Random Access Memory 17 3.1.3 The I/O (Input/Output) Ports 18 3.1.4 Embedded Design 19 3.1.4.1 Interrupts 20 3.1.4.2 Programs 20 3.1.4.3 Other Microcontroller features 20 3.1.5 List of common Microcontrollers 21 3.1.6 PIC Microcontroller 25 3.1.7 Architecture of PIC Microcontroller 25 3.1.7.1 Data space (RAM) 25 3.1.7.2 Code space 26 3.1.7.3 Word size 26 3.1.7.4 Stacks 26 3.1.7.5 Instruction set 27 3.1.7.6 Performance 27 3.1.7.7 Limitations 28 3.1.8 8/16/24-bit PIC Microcontroller product families 29 3.1.9 Selection of PIC Microcontroller (PIC 16F877A) for this 29 study viii 3.1.10 Memory organization 37 3.1.10.1 Program memory organization 37 3.1.10.2 Data memory organization 37 3.2 GSM Module 38 3.2.1 Features of GSM Module SIM 300 39 3.2.2 Functional diagram of GSM Module SIM 300 42 3.2.3 Operating modes of GSM Module SIM 300 44 3.2.4 SIM Card interface 44 3.3 SIM Card holder 46 3.4 Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) 47 3.4.1 Smart Card Technology 48 3.4.2 Issuer Identification Number 48 3.4.3 Usage in mobile phone standard 49 3.4.4 Operating systems 49 3.4.5 Data storage 50 3.4.6 Integrated Circuit Card ID (ICCID) 50 3.4.7 IMSI 50 3.4.8 Authentication Key (Ki) 50 3.4.9 Authentication Process 51 3.4.10 Location Area Identity 51 3.4.11 SMS Messages and Contacts 52 3.4.12 SIM Serial Number (SSN) Digits 52 3.5 Power Supply 52 3.5.1 Electrical Power Supply 53 3.5.2 Power Supply Types 53 3.5.2.1 Battery Power Supply 54 3.5.2.2 Linear Power Supply 55 3.5.2.3 AC/DC Power Supply 55 3.5.2.4 Switched Mode Power Supply 56 3.5.2.5 Programmable Power Supply 57 ix 3.5.2.6 Uninterruptible Power Supply 57 3.5.2.7 High Voltage Power Supply 58 3.6 Liquid Crystal Display 58 3.6.1 Overview 59 3.6.2 Specifications 60 3.6.3 Colour Displays 61 3.6.4 Passive Matrix and Active Matrix addressed LCDs 62 3.6.5 Drawbacks of LCD Technology 64 CHAPTER-4 SOFTWARE COMPONENTS 4.0 PICBasic Pro and PICBasic Pro Compiler 68 4.0.1 Additional commands available only in PICBASIC PRO 70 4.0.2 PICBASIC PRO advantages 70 4.0.3 PICBASIC PRO Compiler Instruction Set 72 4.0.4 Functions / Operators 74 4.0.5 PICBASIC Compiler Features 75 4.0.6 Structure of a Compiled Program 75 4.0.7 Target Specific Headers 75 4.0.8 The Library Files 76 4.0.9 PBP Generated Code 76 4.0.10 .ASM File Structure 77 4.1 EPIC programmer 78 4.1.1 EPIC Programmer for PICmicro controllers 78 4.1.2 EPICWIN and EPIC Programmer 79 4.1.2.1 Software Installation 79 4.1.2.2 Hardware Installation 79 4.1.3 General Operation 80 4.1.4 EPIC for Windows 95/98/ME/NT/2000/XP 80 4.1.5 EPICWin Controls 81 4.1.6 EPICWin Menus 83 4.1.6.1 File Menu 83 x 4.1.6.2 View Menu 83 4.1.6.3 Run Menu 84 4.1.6.4 Configuration Menu 84 4.1.6.5 Options Menu 84 4.1.6.6 Help Menu 85 4.1.7 EPICWin Command Line Parameters 86 CHAPTER-5 METHODOLOGY 5.0 Design Overview 87 5.1 Hardware implementations 92 5.1.1 The PIC16F877A Microcontroller 92 5.1.1.1 Features of PIC16F877A Microcontroller 93 5.1.2 GSM Module SIM300CZ 94 5.1.3 Interfacing of Microcontroller with GSM Module 95 5.1.4 Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) 96 5.1.5 Interfacing of Microcontroller with LCD 97 5.1.6 Interfacing Circuit (Microcontroller to Load Devices) 98 5.1.7 Short Message Service (SMS) 99 5.1.8 Interfacing Circuit (GSM Module to SIM Card) 99 5.1.9 Power Supply to the System 100 5.2 Software Implementations 101 5.2.1 Steps of writing program in PICBasic Pro 101 5.2.2 Steps of loading program in to microcontroller by using 104 EPIC WIN soft ware 5.3 Sending SMS and display 107 5.4 Functioning of the Device 109 5.4.1 Steps of the functioning of the Device 109 CHAPTER-6 RESULTS 6.0 Hardware part testing 111 6.1 Software part testing 111 xi CHAPTER-7 DISCUSSION Discussion 113 CHAPTER-8 CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK Conclusion and future work 117 REFERENCES References 118 APPENDICES Program used in the device 1-4 xii LIST OF FIGURES Figures Pages Fig.