OECD Reviews of Regional Innovation Regional of Reviews OECD Central and Southern Denmark Contents OECD Reviews of Regional Innovation Assessment and recommendations Introduction Central Chapter 1. Innovation and the economies of Central and Southern Denmark Chapter 2. Danish governance and policy context for regional strategies and Southern Denmark I Chapter 3. Regional strategies for innovation-driven growth nnovation C e nt r al an al d So uth er n D n Please cite this publication as: e OECD (2012), OECD Reviews of Regional Innovation: Central and Southern Denmark 2012, nma OECD Publishing. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264178748-en r k This work is published on the OECD iLibrary, which gathers all OECD books, periodicals and statistical databases. Visit www.oecd-ilibrary.org, and do not hesitate to contact us for more information. isbn 978-92-64-17873-1 04 2012 09 1 P -:HSTCQE=V\]\XV: 042012091.indd 1 08-Aug-2012 2:19:29 PM OECD Reviews of Regional Innovation: Central and Southern Denmark 2012 This work is published on the responsibility of the Secretary-General of the OECD. The opinions expressed and arguments employed herein do not necessarily reflect the official views of the Organisation or of the governments of its member countries. This document and any map included herein are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty over any territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area. Please cite this publication as: OECD (2012), OECD Reviews of Regional Innovation: Central and Southern Denmark 2012, OECD Publishing. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264178748-en ISBN 978-92-64-17873-1 (print) ISBN 978-92-64-17874-8 (PDF) Series: OECD Reviews of Regional Innovation ISSN 1997-6577 (print) ISSN 1997-6585 (online) The statistical data for Israel are supplied by and under the responsibility of the relevant Israeli authorities. The use of such data by the OECD is without prejudice to the status of the Golan Heights, East Jerusalem and Israeli settlements in the West Bank under the terms of international law. Corrigenda to OECD publications may be found on line at: www.oecd.org/publishing/corrigenda. © OECD 2012 You can copy, download or print OECD content for your own use, and you can include excerpts from OECD publications, databases and multimedia products in your own documents, presentations, blogs, websites and teaching materials, provided that suitable acknowledgement of OECD as source and copyright owner is given. All requests for public or commercial use and translation rights should be submitted to [email protected]. Requests for permission to photocopy portions of this material for public or commercial use shall be addressed directly to the Copyright Clearance Center (CCC) at [email protected] or the Centre français d’exploitation du droit de copie (CFC) at [email protected]. FOREWORD – 3 Foreword Strong dynamics of innovation generation in regions are crucial for achieving national innovation policy objectives. In addition, innovation performance can contribute to improving the overall economic competitiveness of individual regions. Policy recommendations are therefore being sought by national science and technology and regional policy actors, as well as by the regions themselves. OECD member countries and regions are nevertheless struggling with how to best promote regional innovation. How should national innovation policies take into account this regional dimension (i.e. the importance of “place”)? How can regional actors support innovation that is relevant for their specific regional context? This role-sharing in a multi-level governance context for innovation is a new area for OECD member countries. In 2007, the OECD launched the series OECD Reviews of Regional Innovation to address this demand by national and regional governments for greater clarity on how to strengthen the innovation capacity of regions. These reviews are part of a wider project on competitive and innovative regions through the OECD Territorial Development Policy Committee. This work also supports the OECD Innovation Strategy. The series includes both thematic reports and reviews of specific regions. Previous thematic reports include: Competitive Regional Clusters: National Policy Approaches; Globalisation and Regional Economies: Can OECD Regions Compete in Global Industries?; and Regions and Innovation Policy. Previous reviews of regions include: North of England (United Kingdom); Piedmont (Italy); 15 Mexican States; Catalonia (Spain); Basque Country (Spain); and Wallonia (Belgium). OECD REVIEWS OF REGIONAL INNOVATION: CENTRAL AND SOUTHERN DENMARK © OECD 2012 4 – ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Acknowledgements Numerous national and regional stakeholders provided valuable insights during missions and in the form of comments. The OECD would like to thank them for their active participation. From the Region of Central Denmark, we acknowledge in particular: Lars Vildbrad, Regional Deputy Director, Regional Development; Bent Mikkelsen, Head of Department, Business and Competence Development; Ina Drejer, Senior Advisor, Regional Development; and Niels Dahl Christensen, Special Advisor, Regional Development. From the Southern Denmark Region, we acknowledge in particular: Mikkel Hemmingsen, Regional Director; Dorthe Kusk, Head of Department, Growth Forum and Business Development; Rune Stig Mortensen, Head of Department, Strategy and Analysis; and Jacob Sonne, Special Advisor, Regional Development. From the Danish Business Authority, we thank Anders Hoffman, Deputy Director General; Preben Gergersen, Director for Regional Policy; and Kirstine Halken, Special Advisor. From the Danish Agency for Science, Technology and Innovation, we thank Thomas Alslev Christensen, Head of Department and Morten Solgaard Thomsen, Senior Adviser. Lotte Longkilde, Head of Centre REGX-The Danish Cluster Academy, University of Southern Denmark played a key role in co-ordinating the study, along with Rikke Blæsbjerg Lund (formerly project manager at REGX). This publication was co-ordinated and drafted by Karen Maguire (OECD) with additional written contributions from Giulia Ajmone Marsan (OECD), Claire Nauwelaers (innovation policy expert), Henrik Halkier (Head of Department, Culture and Global Studies, Aalborg University), Jens Bjerg (Partner, IRIS Group), and Patrick Dubarle (innovation policy expert). Peer reviewers from Norway and the United Kingdom participated in the review process: Morten Gulsrud (Specialist Director, Ministry of Local Government and Regional Development, Norway) and Jonathan Blackie (regional development expert, formerly public official at national and regional levels). Erin Byrne supervised the publication process. Jennifer Allain prepared the manuscript for publication. This work is supervised by Joaquim Oliveira Martins, Head, Regional Development Policy Division. OECD REVIEWS OF REGIONAL INNOVATION: CENTRAL AND SOUTHERN DENMARK © OECD 2012 TABLE OF CONTENTS – 5 Table of contents Acronyms .......................................................................................................................... 9 Assessment and recommendations ............................................................................... 13 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 35 Chapter 1 Innovation and the economies of Central and Southern Denmark ......................................................................................................................... 43 Introduction .................................................................................................................. 44 Denmark: global positioning and within-country dynamics ........................................ 44 Socio-economic profile of Central and Southern Denmark ......................................... 49 Innovation profiles of Central and Southern Denmark ................................................ 61 Innovation and entrepreneurship .................................................................................. 74 Conclusion ................................................................................................................... 79 Notes ............................................................................................................................ 81 Bibliography ................................................................................................................. 84 Chapter 2 Danish governance and policy context for regional strategies .................. 87 Introduction .................................................................................................................. 88 The regional development mandate: national and regional roles ................................. 88 Financing of regional level strategies: multiple sources .............................................. 99 Danish national policy context for innovation and entrepreneurship ......................... 105 Co-ordination mechanisms for achieving each region’s innovation and growth goals ........................................................................................................ 115 Conclusion ................................................................................................................. 136 Key recommendations ................................................................................................ 137 Notes .........................................................................................................................