Egypt and Austria VIII MEETINGPOINT EGYPT Ägypten und Österreich VIII TREFFPUNKT ÄGYPTEN Edited by / Herausgegeben von Irena Lazar Koper 2015 EGYPT AND AUSTRIA VIII MEETINGPOINT EGYPT ÄGYPTEN UND ÖSTERREICH VIII TREFFPUNKT ÄGYPTEN Edited by / Herausgegeben von Irena Lazar Koper 2015 EGYPT AND AUSTRIA VIII MEETINGPOINT EGYPT ÄGYPTEN UND ÖSTERREICH VIII TREFFPUNKT ÄGYPTEN Edited by / Zbrala in uredila Irena LAZAR Annales Mediterranei Editor in chief / Odgovorna urednica: Alenka Tomaž Editorial board / Uredniški odbor: Katja Hrobat Virloget, Boris Kavur, Irena Lazar, Gregor Pobežin, Katharina Zanier Revision of English texts / Pregled angleških besedil: Gregor Pobežin Technical editor / Tehnična priprava in redakcija: Katarina Šmid Design / Oblikovanje: Andreja Izlakar Cover design / Oblikovanje naslovnice: Andreja Izlakar Computer layout / Računalniška priprava: Andreja Izlakar Print / Tisk: PJP d.o.o. Publisher / Izdala: Univerza na Primorskem, Znanstveno-raziskovalno središče, Inštitut za dediščino Sredozemlja ©, Univerzitetna založba Annales Koper 2015 For the publisher / Za založnika: Rado Pišot Adress and seat / Naslov in sedež založbe: Univerza na Primorskem, Znanstveno-raziskovalno središče, Garibaldijeva 1, PP 612; tel.: + 386 5 66 37 700, fax: + 386 5 66 37 710; e-mail: [email protected]; http://www.zrs.upr.si © Authors / die Autoren, Univerza na Primorskem CIP - Kataložni zapis o publikaciji Narodna in univerzitetna knjižnica, Ljubljana 930.85(32)(082)(0.034.2) 902(436-89):930.85(32)(082)(0.034.2) EGYPT and Austria VIII [Elektronski vir] : meetingpoint Egypt = Ägypten und Österreich VIII : Treffpunkt Ägypten / edited by, Herausgegeben von Irena Lazar. - El. knjiga. - Koper : Univerza na Primorskem, Znanstveno-raziskovalno središče, Inštitut za dediščino Sredozemlja, Univerzitetna založba Annales, 2015. - (Annales Mediterranei) ISBN 978-961-6964-18-0 (pdf) 1. Vzp. stv. nasl. 2. Lazar, Irena, 1962- 279162880 EGYPT AND AUSTRIA VIII MEETINGPOINT EGYPT ÄGYPTEN UND ÖSTERREICH VIII TREFFPUNKT ÄGYPTEN Edited by / Herausgegeben von Irena Lazar Koper 2015 CONTENTS / INHALT Meetingpoint Egypt / Treffpunkt Ägypten Introduction Miran Plaum, Veronika Pflaum 9 The ibis mummy in the National Museum of Slovenia Veronika Dulíková 19 Maria Stona’s chance encounter with a renowned egyptologist Flinders Petrie. The lost and forgotten Opava collection of Egyptian finds Fritz Blakolmer 35 Egyptian, Persian, Phrygian, Nuraghic, Gothic or classical Greek? The understanding of Aegean Bronze Age monuments in the 18th –19th centuries Marko Frelih, Sabina Kramar, Matej Dolenec, Aleš Česen 63 Non-destructive analyses of Egyptian amulets from the Slovene Ethnographic Museum Tina Škrokov 73 The reflections of Egypt in the St. Anna cemetery in Trieste and cemeteries of the Slovenian coastal towns Angela Blaschek 89 Heinrich Himmel von Agisburg. An exclusive traveller and writer Hubert Szemethy 101 The journey of Felix von Luschan to Egypt in 1889 Adéla Jůnová Macková 129 Jaroslav Petrbok – Orient and the Balkan Peninsula travels Amanda Heggestad 141 Merrymaking on the Nile: Travel as a means of expanding social horizons 5 Martin Odler, Ľubica Hudáková 155 Teaching the history of Egypt and Nubia – the 1860s schoolbooks of the Slovak grammar school in Revúca Lucie Storchová 187 “Till now I have been thinking only of study and work.” Gender, Orient and authorial self-presentations in the travel memoirs of Vlasta Kálalová di Lotti 6 INTRODUCTION The Egypt & Austria VIII conference took place in Ljubljana (Slovenia) from Tuesday 25th September through to Friday 28th September 2012 in the premises of the National Museum of Slovenia, Department Metelkova. This was the second time that the conference was organized in Slovenia since the first one took place in Piran in 2008. The conference in 2012 was again organized by the University of Primorska (Koper), with the help of the National Museum of Slovenia and Slovene Ethnographical Museum (Ljubljana). We would like to thank you the director of the National Museum of Slovenia MA Barbara Ravnik and the director of the Slovene Ethnografical Museum Dr. Bojana Rogelj Škafar for their financial and organizational support during the preparation and in the course of the conference. My sincere thanks for their help go also to Marko Frelih, Tomislav Kajfež and Vesna Kamin Kajfež. Last but not least I would like to express all my gratitude to my colleagues from the University of Primorska for their help and support during the conference and preparation of the conference acta. Special thank goes to Andreja Izlakar for her work and patience with the layout and design of the publication. Special attention of the conference was given to the topics ‘Meetingpoint Egypt’. Therefore 19 relevant communications were presented at the conference and 11 of them are published in the present volume. Thank you very much to all of you who have participated the conference and delivered your papers for this publication. Irena Lazar, University of Primorska 7 8 THE IBIS MUMMY IN THE NATIONAL MUSEUM OF SLOVENIA MIRAN PFLAUM, VERONIKA PFLAUM, Ljubljana The National Museum of Slovenia in Ljubljana keeps a small, but interesting Egyptian collection, one of the oldest museum’s collections. Major parts of the collection were acquired by donations and legacies between the mid-19th century and the beginning of the 20th century.1 Most of its objects have not been studied yet in detail, neither from the point of view of the cultural history nor from the egyptological point of view. Among them, there was an ibis mummy, kept for many years so to say forgotten in the museum storage.2 We knew nothing about its origin and the circumstances of its arrival at the museum. The mummy was attached to a wire base under a glass bell, so we assume that it was exhibited once (fig. 1). Before the conservation and restoration intervention, we tried to find out all we could about the origin and the age of the mummy. We investigated how and when it came to the museum, and what does it contain, as well.3 Arrival at the museum In the museum, the ibis mummy was first recorded in the old inventory of the Provincial Museum of Carniola (the predecessor of the National Museum, later National Museum of Slovenia) from around 1895 under the number 1058. There is no information on the date of its arrival at the museum or its origin. The data on the donor proved wrong.4 Before the record in the museum’s inventory, the ibis mummy was already mentioned by the weekly magazine Illyrisches Blatt that regularly published lists of donors and their donations to the Provincial Museum. In December 1940, it published a list of donations to the Provincial Museum made in 1839 by the Austrian Consul-General in Egypt Anton Lavrin.5 His extensive donation in 4 boxes (all together weighing almost 200 kg) contained mostly objects for the 1 Bras Kernel 2014. 2 National Museum of Slovenia, Department of Archaeology, Inv. No. R 24112. Published in M. Pflaum – V. Pflaum 2011; M. Pflaum 2014a. 3 Report on the research, published in Slovenian in M. Pflaum – V. Pflaum 2011. 4 M. Pflaum – V. Pflaum 2011, 55. 5 Illyrisches Blatt 51. 9 Fig. 1: The ibis mummy under the glass bell (photo by: Tomaž Lauko). natural sciences collection – for example cones, shells, snails, fungi, birds and similar. Two mummies were mentioned, as well – an ibis mummy and a mummy of a small monkey. From the article we also learn that the whole shipment was put in quarantine upon its arrival in the country and that during the cleaning, airing and repacking all labels on objects were destroyed. The data on their origin were thus lost. Further data on the Lavrin’s shipment and the ibis mummy, contained in it, were found in the archives of the National Museum of Slovenia, in the curator Heinrich Freyer’s records from the year 1840.6 We learn from the records that almost all objects in this shipment were in duplicate – one was destined for the museum and the other one for a certain professor Milharčič in Gorica. In the museum, they divided the shipment into two and sent a half of it to the professor Milharčič. His half contained an ibis mummy and a mummy of a small mammal, probably 6 Freyer 1840a; Freyer 1840b; Freyer 1840c. 10 Fig. 2: The ceramic jar for the ibis with rests of the so-called mortar, used to fix the lid, on the inside (photo by: Tomaž Lauko). a monkey (a baboon), as well.7 The monkey mummy, left in the museum, is now lost. From the Freyer’s records, we furthermore learn that the ibis mummy, left in the museum, was originally in an open and damaged ceramic jar (fig. 2).8 We managed to identify the jar in the museum’s collection of Roman pottery.9 There is a third animal mummy mentioned in the curator’s records – a crocodile mummy.10 Probably this is the small mummy of a young crocodile, still kept in the museum.11 In the museum’s archives, we also found a Lavrin’s letter from 1838 discussing his intended donation to the Provincial Museum.12 Among the objects, he offers to the museum, he mentions also an ibis mummy, some further animal mummies and a human mummy. The research in the archive documents showed us clearly that Anton Lavrin donated the ibis mummy to the Provincial Museum of Carniola (now National Museum of Slovenia) in 1839 as a part of an extensive donation. 7 Freyer 1840b, 1. 8 Freyer 1840a, No. 103/91. 9 National Museum of Slovenia, Department of Archaeology, Inv. No. R 17341. Published in M. Pflaum – V. Pflaum 2011, 58f, sl. 5, 6; M. Pflaum 2014b. 10 Freyer 1840a, No. 103/91; Freyer 1840c, second unpaginated page, d. Reptilien, N. 91. 11 National Museum of Slovenia, Department of Archaeology, Inv. No. R 24110. Published in M. Pflaum – V.