2014 Fayette County, Alabama Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan I. Comprehensive Plan A multi-jurisdiction plan Town of Belk Town of Berry City of Fayette Town of Glen Allen Fayette County Cover photo by James Sanders of EF-1 tornado damage in Fayette County on April 28, 2014 with underground safe room in foreground. Prepared under the direction of the Fayette County Hazard Mitigation Planning Committee With the support of the Fayette County EMA by: Funding provided by the Alabama EMA through the FEMA Hazard Mitigation Grant Program February 4, 2015 2014 Fayette County, Alabama, Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan Town of Belk, Town of Berry, City of Fayette, Town of Glen Allen, and Fayette County Fayette County Hazard Mitigation Planning Committee James Sanders, Fayette County EMA Director John Ray Gordon, Fayette County Commission Treasa Blake, Fayette County 911 Tony Ellis, Chief, Fayette Fire Department Jason Cowart, Director, Fayette County DHR Dewayne Roby, City Eng/Bldg Inspector, City of Fayette Wade Shipman, Superintendent, Fayette County BOE Gerald Dedeaux, Town of Berry Ronald Stouch, Fayette Police Department Marie McClurky, Town of Berry Allen J. Dunavant, Town of Glen Allen Contacts James Sanders James E. Lehe, AICP Director Manager Fayette County EMA Lehe Planning, LLC http://www.fcema.org/ leheplanning.com 118 First Avenue, NE 300 Century Park S, Suite 216 Fayette, AL 35555 Birmingham, AL 35226 205-932-6113 205-978-3633 [email protected] [email protected] The preparation and publication of this plan was funded in part by a FEMA grant under the Hazard Mitigation Grant Program awarded by the Alabama EMA to the Fayette County Commission. Copyright © 2015 by Lehe Planning, LLC. All Rights Reserved. This document contains proprietary materials and methods copyrighted by Lehe Planning, LLC. Permission is granted to the Fayette County Emergency Management Agency (EMA) for its internal use. Use by anyone other than the Fayette County EMA requires the express written permission of Lehe Planning, LLC. You may not copy, modify, publicly display, distribute, reverse engineer, or incorporate into your products or services this document (or any of the information or data structures contained herein) without the express written authorization of Lehe Planning, LLC. February 4, 2015 CONTENTS 2014 Fayette County Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan Contents Volume I. Comprehensive Plan Executive Summary ....................................................................................................................... ix Chapter 1 Introduction .......................................................................................................... 1-1 1.1 Background ................................................................................................... 1-1 1.2 Authority ........................................................................................................ 1-1 1.3 Funding ......................................................................................................... 1-2 1.4 Eligibility for FEMA Hazard Mitigation Assistance Grants .............................. 1-2 1.5 Fayette County Hazard Mitigation Plan (2005) .............................................. 1-4 1.6 Fayette County Hazard Mitigation Plan 2009 Plan Update ............................ 1-4 1.7 The 2014 Fayette Co. Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan Update .......................... 1-4 Chapter 2 Prerequisites………………………………………………………………… ................ 2-1 2.1 Federal Prerequisites .................................................................................... 2-1 2.2 Plan Approval Required for Mitigation Grants Eligibility ................................. 2-1 2.3 Multi-Jurisdictional Participation .................................................................... 2-2 2.4 Multi-Jurisdictional Plan Adoption .................................................................. 2-3 Chapter 3 Community Profiles ............................................................................................. 3-1 3.1 Federal Advisory Guidance for Community Profiles....................................... 3-1 3.2 Summary of Plan Updates ............................................................................. 3-1 3.3 Geographic Setting and History ..................................................................... 3-2 3.4 Government .................................................................................................. 3-4 3.5 Physical Features .......................................................................................... 3-5 3.6 Climate .......................................................................................................... 3-7 3.7 Demographics ............................................................................................... 3-7 3.8 Economy ..................................................................................................... 3-13 3.9 Utilities ........................................................................................................ 3-17 3.10 Media .......................................................................................................... 3-18 3.11 Transportation ............................................................................................. 3-18 Chapter 4 The Planning Process.......................................................................................... 4-1 4.1 Federal Requirements for the Planning Process ........................................... 4-1 4.2 Summary of Plan Updates ............................................................................. 4-2 4.3 Opportunities for Public Comment on the Plan .............................................. 4-2 4.4 Opportunities for Involvement in the Planning Process .................................. 4-4 4.5 Review and Incorporation of Applicable Plans and Documents ..................... 4-5 4.6 How the Plan was Prepared .......................................................................... 4-5 4.7 Who was Involved in the Planning Process ................................................... 4-6 4.7.1 The Hazard Mitigation Planning Committee ....................................... 4-6 4.7.2 The Guidelines of the Hazard Mitigation Planning Committee............ 4-7 4.7.3 Preparation of the Plan Update .......................................................... 4-7 4.8 How the Public was Involved in the Planning Process ................................... 4-7 4.9 The Plan Review and Update Process .......................................................... 4-8 Chapter 5 Risk Assessment ................................................................................................. 5-1 5.1 Federal Requirements for Risk Assessments ................................................ 5-1 i CONTENTS 2014 Fayette County Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan 5.2 Summary of Plan Updates ............................................................................. 5-2 5.3 Identification and Description of Hazards ...................................................... 5-2 5.3.1 Types of Hazards ............................................................................... 5-2 5.3.2 Sources for Identifying Fayette County Hazards ................................ 5-5 5.4 Hazard Profiles .............................................................................................. 5-8 5.4.1 Severe Storms Profile ........................................................................ 5-8 5.4.2 Tornadoes Profile ............................................................................ 5-12 5.4.3 Floods Profile ................................................................................... 5-19 5.4.4 Droughts/Heat Waves Profile ........................................................... 5-22 5.4.5 Winter Storms/Freezes Profile ......................................................... 5-24 5.4.6 Hurricanes Profile ............................................................................ 5-30 5.4.7 Sinkholes (Land Subsidence) Profile ............................................... 5-34 5.4.8 Landslides Profile ............................................................................ 5-39 5.4.9 Earthquakes Profile ......................................................................... 5-42 5.4.10 Wildfires Profile ................................................................................ 5-49 5.4.11 Dam/Levee Failures Profile .............................................................. 5-58 5.4.12 Man-Made and Technological Hazards Profile ................................. 5-61 5.5 Vulnerability of Structures within Each Jurisdiction ...................................... 5-64 5.5.1 Scope of Structure Inventory ............................................................. 5-64 5.5.2 Inventory Methodology ...................................................................... 5-64 5.5.3 HAZUS-MH Structure Inventory ........................................................ 5-67 5.5.4 Existing and Future Structure Vulnerabilities by Hazard .................... 5-70 5.6 Estimate of Dollar Losses to Vulnerable Structures ..................................... 5-91 5.6.1 Scope and Purpose of Loss Estimates .............................................. 5-91 5.6.2 Loss Estimate Methodology .............................................................. 5-91 5.6.3 HAZUS-MH Loss Estimates .............................................................. 5-92 5.6.4 Loss Estimates Based