___________________________________________________ LONG ISLAND HISTORICAL JOURNAL ___________________________________________________ Portrait of Colonel Benjamin Tallmadge and Son William Tallmadge painted by Ralph Earl in 1790. ___________________________________________________ Volume 20, Numbers 1-2 Fall 2007/Spring 2008 ___________________________________________________ Starting from fish-shape Paumanok where I was born… Walt Whitman Fall 2007/Spring 2008 Volume 20, Numbers 1-2 Published by the Department of History and The Center for Regional Policy Studies Stony Brook University Copyright 2008 by the Long Island Historical Journal ISSN 0898-7084 All rights reserved Articles appearing in this journal are abstracted and indexed in Historical Abstracts and America: History and Life Publication would not have been possible without the generous support of the Center for Regional Policy Studies at Stony Brook University. The Long Island Historical Journal is published annually in the spring. The tables of contents for all past issues are on the World Wide Web at http://www.sunysb.edu/history/lihj/lihj.html. The Fall 2004/Spring 2005 and Fall 2005/Spring 2006 issues of the Journal are available on the web at: https://dspace.sunyconnect.suny.edu/bitstream/1951/6616/1/LIHJSpring200 5.pdf Annual subscriptions are $20.00 for individuals, $40.00 for institutions, and $20.00 for single copies and back issues. Address articles, correspondence, books for review, and subscriptions to: The Editor, LIHJ Department of History Stony Brook University Stony Brook, New York 11794-4348 Or e-mail: [email protected] We publish original studies of any aspect of Long Island history. Submit manuscripts in a Word file, preferably via e-mail. Files should be double- spaced with generous margins. Notes should appear at the end of the article numbered consecutively using the Word “endnote” function, and modeled on examples in the spring 2005 number of the LIHJ for which there is a link provided on this page. The LIHJ follows the Chicago Manual of Style. Stony Brook University is an affirmative action/ equal opportunity educator and employer. THE LONG ISLAND HISTORICAL JOURNAL Editor: Seth Forman, Stony Brook University Associate Editor: Ann M. Becker, Stony Brook University Book Review Editor: Kristen J. Nyitray, Stony Brook University Editor at Large: Richard P. Harmond, St. John’s University (Emeritus) Founding Editor: Roger Wunderlich Editorial Board: Catherine Ball, Smithtown Library; Floris Cash, Stony Brook University; Marie Fitzgerald, St. Joseph’s College; Bradley Harris, Smithtown Historical Society; Stacey Horstmann Gatti, Long Island University; Charles F. Howlett, Molloy College; Ned C. Landsman, Stony Brook University; Wilbur R. Miller, Stony Brook University; Natalie A. Naylor, Hofstra University (Emerita); Joel T. Rosenthal, Stony Brook University, (Emeritus); Chandrani Roy, Professional Education Program Outreach, Stony Brook University; Barbara M. Russell, Town of Brookhaven Historian; S. Joan Ryan, St. Joseph’s College; Ann Sandford, Regis College (ret.); Eli Seifman, Stony Brook University; Donald E. Simon, Monroe College; John G. Staudt, Hofstra University; Gaynell Stone, Suffolk County Archaeological Society; John A. Strong, Long Island University (Emeritus), Southampton Campus; R. L. Swanson, Marine Sciences Research Center, SBU; Marilyn Weigold, Pace University; Richard F. Welch, Long Island Forum (ret.). TABLE OF CONTENTS FEATURE ARTICLES MOVING IN, MOVING ON: LEE KRASNER’S WORK IN JACKSON POLLOCK’S STUDIO Helen A. Harrison — 1-14 A NEW DEAL FOR DISASTER: THE “HURRICANE OF 1938” AND FEDERAL DISASTER RELIEF OPERATIONS, SUFFOLK COUNTY, NEW YORK Jonathan C. Bergman — 15-39 THE OPENING OF SUFFOLK’S FIRST FOUR YEAR COLLEGE: ADELPHI-SUFFOLK: 1959-1960 Leroy E. Douglas — 40-59 JOHN E. GEE AND THE EARLY TRUCKING INDUSTRY ON LONG ISLAND Bradley L. Harris — 60-70 WILLIAMSBURG, BROOKLYN: THE HOME OF THE FIRST SUCCESSFUL COMMERCIAL SUBMARINE Henry Silka — 71-82 BRIDGING THE EAST RIVER: THE HISTORY OF AN IDEA, 1800-1867 Richard Haw — 83-111 CONFERENCE PAPERS FROM CAPTIVITY TO FREEDOM: LONG ISLAND DURING THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION INTRODUCTION — 112-113 SURVIVING THE ORDEAL: LONG ISLAND WOMEN DURING THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR Natalie A. Naylor — 114-134 FROM WRETCHEDNESS TO INDEPENDENCE: SUFFOLK COUNTY IN THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION John G. Staudt — 135-162 SLAVERY IN COLONIAL AND REVOLUTIONARY NEW YORK: COMPLICITY AND RESISTANCE Alan Singer — 163-173 BOOK REVIEWS John Hanc with a foreword by Ed Lowe. Jones Beach: An Illustrated History. Paul D. Van Wie — 174-175 Adrienne Onofri. Walking Brooklyn. Donald E. Simon — 175-176 John R. Stevens. Dutch Vernacular Architecture in North America, 1630-1800. Gaynell Stone — 176-178 Brookhaven Voices, 1655-2005. Catherine Ball — 178-179 John M. Burns. Thunder At Sunrise: A History of the Vanderbilt Cup, the Grand Prize and the Indianapolis 500, 1904-1916. Garry Wilbur — 179-182 Raymond E. and Judith A. Spinzia. Long Island’s Prominent South Shore Families: Their Estates and Their Country Homes in the Towns of Babylon and Islip. Charles F. Howlett — 182-185 Sara S. Gronim. Everyday Nature: Knowledge of the Natural World in Colonial New York. John G. Staudt — 185-187 Dorothy Ingersoll Zaykowski, and the Members of the Committee for the Old Burying Ground. The Old Burying Ground at Sag Harbor New York. Richard F. Welch — 188 John J. Head. With Brush and Bridle, Richard Newton, Jr. – Artist and Equestrian. Ann Sandford — 188-190 Kerriann Flanagan Brosky. Ghosts of Long Island: Stories of the Paranormal. Marilyn E. Weigold — 190-194 Daniel M. Hendrick. Jamaica Bay (Images of America). Garry Wilbur — 194-197 Ruth Crocker. Mrs. Russell Sage: Women’s Activism and Philanthropy in Gilded Age and Progressive Era America. Natalie A. Naylor — 197-199 Geoffrey K. Fleming. St. James (Images of America). Barbara M. Russell — 199-201 Dean F. Failey. Long Island Is My Nation: The Decorative Arts & Craftsmen, 1640-1830. Marilyn E. Weigold — 201-204 Clement M. Healy. North Fork Cemeteries (Images of America). Clement M. Healy. South Fork Cemeteries (Images of America). Gaynell Stone — 204-206 Gaynell Stone, ed. Native Forts of the Long Island Sound Area. John A. Strong — 206-210 Gary Lawrance and Anne Surchin. Houses of the Hamptons, 1880-1930. Paul J. Mateyunas. North Shore Long Island: Country Houses, 1890-1950. Natalie A. Naylor — 210-213 REVIEW ESSAY THE INDIANS AND THE DUTCH: ENCOUNTERS ON THE FORGOTTEN FRONTIER John A. Strong — 214-221 OBSERVATIONS WHO ARE WE?: A DEMOGRAPHIC UPDATE FOR NASSAU AND SUFFOLK COUNTIES Seth Forman — 222-237 BOOK NOTES Prepared by Kristen J. Nyitray — 238-242 PLACE NAMES BABYLON Richard P. Harmond — 243-245 CONTRIBUTORS Jonathan C. Bergman, J.D., was born and raised on Long Island where he served as a civil and criminal defense attorney. He is currently a doctoral student (A.B.D.) and member of the adjunct faculty in the Department of History at the University at Buffalo where he teaches courses in American Disaster History and the Post-Reconstruction era. Leroy E. Douglas graduated from Adelphi Suffolk College in 1964 as a history major and earned a Master's in History from New York University in 1966. A founder of the LI-Republic Airport Historical Society, he has published articles and book reviews in the Long Island Forum, Nassau County Historical Journal, Long Island Historical Journal and New York History. Seth Forman is Editor of the Long Island Historical Journal. Richard P. Harmond is Editor-at-Large of the Long Island Historical Journal and Professor Emeritus at St. John’s University. Bradley L. Harris has been the Smithtown Historian since 1978 and is the president of the Smithtown Historical Society. Helen A. Harrison is the director of the Pollock-Krasner House and Study Center, the former home and studio of Jackson Pollock and Lee Krasner, which is a project of the Stony Brook Foundation. She is a former art critic for The New York Times Long Island section, and the author (with Constance Ayers Denne) of Hamptons Bohemia: Two Centuries of Artists and Writers on the Beach. Richard Haw is a Professor at John Jay College of Criminal Justice in New York City. Natalie A. Naylor is Professor Emerita at Hofstra University where she was also director of the Long Island Studies Institute. She edited or co- edited many Institute publications, including Journeys on Old Long Island and Long Island Women: Activists and Innovators. Dr. Naylor has been editor of the Nassau County Historical Society Journal since 1991. Kristen J. Nyitray is Head of Special Collections and University Archives at Stony Brook University and is Book Editor of the Long Island Historical Journal. Henry Silka lives in California and is a research associate at the Los Angeles Maritime Museum. Born and raised in Brooklyn, he wandered along the Williamsburg waterfront in his youth, oblivious of the shipbuilding industry that once flourished there. Alan Singer is a professor of secondary education in the Hofstra University School of Education and Allied Human Services. His book, New York and Slavery: Time to Teach the Truth, an extended discussion of New York’s involvement with slavery and the slave trade, is scheduled for publication by SUNY Press in August 2008. John G. Staudt teaches American History and Regional Studies at Hofstra University and at The Wheatley School in Old Westbury. He has authored numerous articles and book chapters and frequently lectures on American History, the history of baseball and education.