268 Persoonia – Volume 38, 2017 Cylindrocladiella vitis Fungal Planet description sheets 269 Fungal Planet 568 – 20 June 2017 Cylindrocladiella vitis Crous & Thangavel, sp. nov. Etymology. Name refers to Vitis, the host genus from which this fungus Notes — The genus Cylindrocladiella accommodates a was collected. group of soil-borne fungi that are commonly associated with Classification — Nectriaceae, Hypocreales, Sordariomycetes. nursery diseases in subtropical and tropical regions worldwide (Crous 2002). In a recent revision of the genus, Lombard et al. Conidiophores dimorphic, penicillate and subverticillate, mono- (2012) delineated five species complexes based on morphology nematous and hyaline. Penicillate conidiophores comprising and phylogenetic inference. Van Coller et al. (2005) described a stipe, a penicillate arrangement of fertile branches, a stipe C. viticola (vesicles ellipsoid to clavate, conidia 8–15 × 2–3 μm), extension and a terminal vesicle; stipe septate, hyaline, smooth, a species associated with cutting rot of grapevines. Cylindrocla- 40–60 × 5–7 μm; stipe extension aseptate, straight, 100–140 diella vitis is distinct in having ellipsoidal to lanceolate vesicles, μm long, thick-walled with one basal septum, terminating in and larger conidia (12–18 × 2–3 μm). Furthermore, it is also thin-walled, ellipsoidal to lanceolate vesicles, 4–6 μm wide. phylogenetically distinct from all other species known in the Penicillate conidiogenous apparatus with primary branches genus. Based on a megablast search using the ITS sequence, aseptate, 12–17 × 3–4 μm, secondary branches aseptate, the best matches were to Cylindrocladiella elegans (GenBank 8–12 × 2–3 μm, each terminal branch producing 2–4 phialides; JN100609; Identities = 505/512 (99 %), 2 gaps (0 %)) and Cy- phialides doliiform to reniform to cymbiform, hyaline, aseptate, lindrocladiella novae-zelandiae (GenBank NR_111055; Identi- 10–15 × 2–3 μm, apex with minute periclinal thickening and ties = 498/506 (98 %), 1 gap (0 %)). The best match based on collarette. Subverticillate conidiophores sparse, comprising of tef1 was to Cylindrocladiella cymbiformis (GenBank JN098989; a septate stipe, and primary branches terminating in 1–3 phiali- Identities = 475/499 (95 %), 7 gaps (1 %)) and based on tub2 des; stipe straight, hyaline, 0–1-septate, 30–40 × 2.5–3.5 μm; it was closely related to Cylindrocladiella elegans (GenBank phialides cymbiform to cylindrical, hyaline, aseptate, 15–30 × JN098755; Identities = 607/623 (97 %), no gaps). 2.5–3 μm, apex with minute periclinal thickening and collarette. Conidia cylindrical, rounded at both ends, straight, 1-septate, (12–)13–16(–18) × (2–)2.5(–3) μm (av. = 14 × 2.5 μm), fre- quently slightly flattened at the base, held in asymmetrical clusters by colourless slime. Culture characteristics — Colonies covering dish in 2 wk, with abundant aerial mycelium and smooth, lobate margins. On MEA and PDA surface dirty white, reverse sienna on MEA, luteous on PDA. On OA surface ochreous, with patches of pale luteous. Typus. NEW ZEALAND, Ohau Wines, 2 Bishops Road, RD 20, Ohau 5570, Levin, on Vitis vinifera (Vitaceae), 2014, D. Davis (holotype CBS H-23080, culture ex-type CPC 28701 = CBS 142517 = T14_2612P = ICMP 22045, ITS, LSU, tef1, and tub2 sequences GenBank KY979751, KY979806, KY979891, and KY979918, MycoBank MB820944). Colour illustrations. Vineyard at Ohau Wines; conidiophores sporulating on PNA; conidiophores and conidia. Scale bars = 10 µm. Pedro W. Crous & Johannes Z. Groenewald, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; e-mail: [email protected] & [email protected] Raja Thangavel, Plant Health and Environment Laboratory, Ministry for Primary Industries, P.O. Box 2095, Auckland 1140, New Zealand; e-mail: [email protected] © 2017 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute.