POSCO-INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED RAPID ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT FOR 4 MTPY INTEGRATED STEEL PROJECT TO BE SET UP NEAR PARADIP IN ORISSA VOLUME - I TEXT AUGUST 2006 POSCO-INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED M. N. DASTUR & COMPANY (P) LTD Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment of 4 MTPY Integrated Steel Project to be set up near Paradip in Orissa M. N. DASTUR & COMPANY (P) LTD CONSULTING ENGINEERS KOLKATA f\sj\posco\reia\toc/Aug06 -ii - ii POSCO-INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED M. N. DASTUR & COMPANY (P) LTD Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment of 4 MTPY Integrated Steel Project to be set up near Paradip in Orissa VOLUME - I TABLE OF CONTENTS Page SUMMARY ..20 pages 1 - INTRODUCTION Interest of Global Steel Majors in India .. 1-1 India’s biggest FDI Project .. .. 1-1 Project Highlights .. .. 1-2 Project Status .. .. 1-3 Environmental Clearance (EC) .. 1-3 Authorisation .. .. 1-4 Scope and Purpose of the Present Report .. 1-4 Structure of the Report .. .. 1-4 Acknowledgement .. .. 1-5 References .. .. 1-5 2 - SITE SELECTION Criteria for Site Selection .. .. 2-1 Description of Candidate Sites .. 2-1 Dhamra Site .. .. 2-1 Duburi Site .. .. 2-3 Jatadharmohan River Creek near Paradip .. 2-4 3 - PROJECT OUTLINE Project aim .. .. 3-1 Production plan for Phase-I .. 3-1 Project site .. .. 3-1 Manufacturing process .. .. 3-2 Iron making .. .. 3-2 Steel making .. .. 3-4 Mini Flat Mill .. .. 3-5 Other supporting production facilities .. 3-6 Lime calcination .. .. 3-6 Air separation plant/Oxygen plant .. 3-6 Captive Power Plant .. .. 3-7 f\sj\posco\reia\toc/Aug06 -i - i POSCO-INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED M. N. DASTUR & COMPANY (P) LTD Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment of 4 MTPY Integrated Steel Project to be set up near Paradip in Orissa Raw materials and chemicals .. 3-7 Energy .. .. 3-7 Electricity .. .. 3-9 Fuel .. .. 3-9 Water source and requirement .. 3-9 Other utilities .. .. 3-10 f\sj\posco\reia\toc/Aug06 -ii - ii POSCO-INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED M. N. DASTUR & COMPANY (P) LTD Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment of 4 MTPY Integrated Steel Project to be set up near Paradip in Orissa TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONTINUED) Page 3 - PROJECT OUTLINE (CONT’D ) Infrastructure requirement .. 3-10 Main Plant and Facilities .. .. 3-11 Layout .. .. 3-11 Compliance with the Coastal Zone Regulations .. 3-11 Organisation and Manpower .. 3-13 Construction .. .. 3-14 Construction period .. .. 3-14 Environmental aspects .. .. 3-14 Project cost .. .. 3-14 Project ‘Go-ahead’ .. .. 3-15 4 – PRESENT ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING Study Area .. .. 4-1 Description of environmental setting of the Study Area 4-1 Physico-Chemical aspects .. .. 4-1 Land environment .. .. 4-2 Regional setting .. .. 4-2 Topography .. .. 4-2 Geology .. .. 4-3 Seismology .. .. 4-5 Drainage .. .. 4-5 Soil .. .. 4-6 Landuse .. .. 4-6 Water environment .. .. 4-9 Surface water resource .. .. 4-9 Sediment transport by Jatadharmohan River Creek 4-9 Tidal Conditions of the Jatadharmohan River Creek 4-10 Waves .. .. 4-11 Currents .. .. 4-11 Long-shore sediment transport rates .. 4-11 Surface water quality .. .. 4-12 Ground water resource .. .. 4- 15 Ground water quality .. .. 4-17 Air environment status .. .. 4-23 Climate .. .. 4-23 Depressions, storms and cyclones .. 4-23 f\sj\posco\reia\toc/Aug06 -iii - iii POSCO-INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED M. N. DASTUR & COMPANY (P) LTD Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment of 4 MTPY Integrated Steel Project to be set up near Paradip in Orissa Tsunami .. .. 4-25 Site-specific micro-meteorology .. 4-25 Prevailing Ambient air quality (AAQ) .. 4-26 Basis of AAQ stations locations .. 4-27 AAQ as recorde d .. .. 4-27 f\sj\posco\reia\toc/Aug06 -iv - iv POSCO-INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED M. N. DASTUR & COMPANY (P) LTD Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment of 4 MTPY Integrated Steel Project to be set up near Paradip in Orissa TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONTINUED) Page 4 - PRESENT ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING (CONT’D ) Ambient noise .. .. 4-32 Biological environment .. .. 4-33 Terrestrial ecological status (TES) .. 4-33 Plant of Genetic and Economic Importance .. 4-34 Rare and Endangered Plant species .. 4-34 Medicinal Plant species .. .. 4-34 Agricultural crop .. .. 4-34 Terrestrial fauna .. .. 4-35 Aquatic Ecological Status (AES) .. 4-35 Human environment .. .. 4-36 Demographic profile .. .. 4-36 Land holding .. .. 4-37 Village settlements of the Project Site .. 4-38 Employment potential and skill possession .. 4-38 Occupational pattern .. .. 4-38 Industries .. .. 4-38 Infrastructure .. .. 4-38 Schools and colleges .. .. 4-39 Community health .. .. 4-39 Aesthetics .. .. 4-39 Dominant feature .. .. 4-40 5 – ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT Objective .. .. 5-1 Scope of the present EIA .. .. 5-1 Evaluation of the steel making process .. 5-1 Review of pollution potential of FINEX Process .. 5-2 Inventories of uncontrolled emissions to air .. 5-5 Noise pollution .. .. 5-6 Inventories of wastewater .. .. 5-6 Inventory of solid wastes generation .. 5-8 Environmental impacts .. .. 5-10 Scoping of impacts .. .. 5-10 Impact due to Site acquisition .. 5-10 Impacts during construction period .. 5-11 Impact on land environment .. 5-11 Impact on Water environment .. 5-12 f\sj\posco\reia\toc/Aug06 -v - v POSCO-INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED M. N. DASTUR & COMPANY (P) LTD Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment of 4 MTPY Integrated Steel Project to be set up near Paradip in Orissa Impact due to Plant wastewater discharge .. 5-13 Impact on ambient air quality .. 5-13 Impact on biological environment .. 5-14 f\sj\posco\reia\toc/Aug06 -vi - vi POSCO-INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED M. N. DASTUR & COMPANY (P) LTD Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment of 4 MTPY Integrated Steel Project to be set up near Paradip in Orissa TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONTINUED) Page 5 - ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (CONT’D ) Impact on human environment .. 5-14 Impact on project affected families (PAFs) .. 5-14 Impact on infrastructure.. .. 5-14 Impact on employment .. .. 5-15 Impact on economy .. .. 5-15 Impact on Regional development .. 5-16 Impact on Safety .. .. 5-16 Impact on community health .. 5-17 Impact on aesthetics .. .. 5-17 Impact Summary .. .. 5-18 6 – E NVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN Objectives of EMP .. .. 6-1 Applicable regulations .. .. 6-1 Scope of EMP .. .. 6-1 Social Mitigation Measures at the time of site acquisition .. .. 6-2 Diversion of Protected Forests due to site acquisition.. 6-3 En vironmental Mitigation Measures at Design Stage .. 6-4 Technological improvements .. 6-4 Mitigation measures for land environment .. 6-5 Mitigation measures for water environment .. 6-6 Wastewater treatment, recycling and disposal .. 6-6 Treatment of wastewater containing suspended solids .. .. 6-7 Treatment of wastewater containing suspended solids as well as oil and grease .. 6-7 Treatment of Power Plant effluent .. 6-9 Treatment of plant sanitary effluent .. 6-9 Common effluent treatment .. 6-9 Use of cooling tower blowdowns .. 6-10 ‘Zero’ discharge concept .. 6-10 Design characteristics of treated wastewater from the CETP to sea .. .. 6-10 Summary of proposed wastewater treatment schemes. 6-11 Mitigation measures for air environment protection at design stage .. .. 6-11 f\sj\posco\reia\toc/Aug06 -vii - vii POSCO-INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED M. N. DASTUR & COMPANY (P) LTD Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment of 4 MTPY Integrated Steel Project to be set up near Paradip in Orissa Fugitive dust emissions control of raw materials handling section (RMHS) .. 6-11 Dust extraction (DE) system .. 6-12 Dust handling .. .. 6-13 Point source dust emission control .. 6-13 SO2 emission control .. .. 6-13 f\sj\posco\reia\toc/Aug06 -viii - viii POSCO-INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED M. N. DASTUR & COMPANY (P) LTD Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment of 4 MTPY Integrated Steel Project to be set up near Paradip in Orissa TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONTINUED) Page 6 - ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (CONT’D) NOx emission control .. .. 6-14 Carbon monoxide emission control .. 6-14 On-line stack monitoring .. 6-14 Noise emission control .. .. 6- 14 Design target of APC System .. 6-15 Summary of proposed APC measures .. 6-15 Prediction of ground level concentrations (glcs) .. 6-15 Energy conservation measures .. 6-17 Corrosion protection and colour aesthetics .. 6-17 Air conditioning and ventilation .. 6-17 Landscaping .. .. 6-21 Environmental management measures (EMM) .. 6-21 EMM during construction stage .. 6-21 EMM during operation stage .. 6-22 EHS Organisation .. .. 6-22 Solid waste management at the operational stage .. 6-24 Planned utilisation of solid wastes .. 6-25 FINEX Slag .. .. 6-25 Steel Melt Shop (SMS) Slag .. 6-26 Millscale .. .. 6-26 Sludge and dust .. .. 6-26 Cold Bonded Pelletising (CBP) facility .. 6-26 Hazardous wastes disposal .. 6-26 Safety surveillance .. .. 6-28 Environmental monitoring.. .. 6-29 Occupational health care .. .. 6-29 Training .. .. 6-30 Social upliftment .. .. 6-30 Environmental Management Cost .. 6-31 Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) .. 6-31 7 – ENVIRONMENTAL RISK ASSESSMENT Objectives .. .. 7-1 Definition of environmental risks .. 7-2 Identification of hazards .. .. 7-3 Environmental risk evaluation .. 7-4 f\sj\posco\reia\toc/Aug06 -ix - ix POSCO-INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED M. N. DASTUR & COMPANY (P) LTD Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment of 4 MTPY Integrated Steel Project to be set up near Paradip in Orissa HAZOP Study .. .. 7-5 Risk management measures .. 7-5 Electrical safety .. .. 7-7 Fire prevention .. .. 7-7 On-site emergency plan .. .. 7-7 Accident statistics .. .. 7-10 Off-site emergency planning .. 7-10 TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONTINUED) Page TABLES Table 3-1 - Annual production plan of Paradip Steel Plant .. 3-2 Table 3-2 - Estimated monthly consumption of major raw materials and chemicals .. 3-8 Table 3-3 - List of proposed principal production facilities .. 3-12 Table 4-1 - Sub-surface stratigraphy in the Paradip Depression of Mahanadi onshore areas .. 4-5 Table 4-2 - Typical Soil Characteristics in Paradip Study Area 4-7 Table 4-3 - Characteristics of Surface Water Quality .. 4-13 Table 4-4 - Characteristics of Surface Water Quality .