Annual Report Ministry of Health Malaysia Contents Annual Report Ministry Of Health Malaysia 2010 Editorial Board iv Organisation Chart of the Ministry of Health v Vision and Mision vi Chapter 1. Health Status 7 2. Management 17 3. Public Health 51 4. Medical 105 199 5. Research and Technical Support iii 6. Oral Health 245 7. Pharmacy 265 8. Food Safety & Quality 337 9. Policy and International Relation 363 10. Health Legislation 369 11. Internal Audit 371 12. Important Events 375 Editorial Board CHAIRPERSON TAN SRI DATO’ SRI DR. HJ MOHD ISMAIL B. MERICAN Director General of Health, Malaysia EDITORS DATO’ AHMAD SHAFII B. SAIDIN Deputy Secretary-General (Management) DATUK KAMARUL ZAMAN B. MD ISA Deputy Secretary-General (Finance) DATO’ DR. HASAN B. ABDUL RAHMAN Deputy Director General of Health (Public Health) iv DATUK DR. NOOR HISHAM B ABDULLAH Deputy Director General of Health (Medical) DATO’ DR. MAIMUNAH BT. A. HAMID Deputy Director General of Health (Research and Technical Support) DATIN DR. NORAIN BT. ABU TALIB Director, Oral Health DATO’ EISAH BT. A. RAHMAN Director, Pharmacy Services DR. HJ. ABD. RAHIM B. HJ. MOHAMAD Director, Planning and Development SECRETARIAT DR. MD. KHADZIR B. SHEIKH AHMAD Deputy Director, Health Informatics Centre ORGANISATION CHART MINISTRY OF HEALTH, MALAYSIA MINISTER OF HEALTH DEPUTY MINISTER OF HEALTH SECRETARY GENERAL DIRECTOR GENERAL Ministry of Health OF HEALTH DEPUTY SECRETARY DEPUTY SECRETARY DEPUTY DG HEALTH DEPUTY DG HEALTH DEPUTY DG HEALTH GENERAL GENERAL (RESEARCH & (MEDICAL) (PUBLIC HEALTH) (MANAGEMENT) (FINANCING) TECHNICAL SUPPORT) LEGAL ADVISOR DIRECTOR DIRECTOR SENIOR DIRECTOR UNDER SECRETARY UNDER SECRETARY DIRECTOR SENIOR DIRECTOR SENIOR DIRECTOR INTERNAL (Medical Development) (Disease Control) (Food Safety & (Human Resource) (Finance) (Planning & (ORAL HEALTH) (PHARMACY) AUDITOR Development) Quality) DIRECTOR UNDER SECRETARY UNDER SECRETARY DIRECTOR DIRECTOR (Family Health (Training Management) (Procurement & (Medical Practice) (Engineering) DIRECTOR Privatisation) Development) DIRECTOR (Pharmacy (Oral Health Enforcement) UNDER SECRETARY DIRECTOR Development) UNDER SECRETARY DIRECTOR DIRECTOR (Competency Development) (Medical Device) (Account) (Allied Health) (Health Education) DIRECTOR (Pharmacy UNDER SECRETARY DIRECTOR DIRECTOR Practice & (Information Management) DIRECTOR DIRECTOR (Traditional & (Oral Health Development) (Telehealth) (Nutrition) Practice) Complementary DIRECTORS Medicine) UNDER SECRETARY DIRECTOR (13 States & 1 Federal (Management Service) (National Territory) DIRECTOR National Institutes of DIRECTOR (Nursing) Health (NIH) Pharmaceutical (Children Dental Centre & Control Dental Training College Bureau) Malaysia) POLICY & Research INTERNATIONAL RELATION System Research Health PUBLIC RELATION OFFICER Management Research Centres Behavioural Research v VISION A nation working together for better health. The mission of the Ministry of Health is to lead and MISION work in partnership: • to facilitate and support the people to: √ fully attain their potential in health √ appreciate health as a valuable asset √ take individual responsibility and positive vi action for their health • to ensure a high quality health system that is:customer centre √ equitable √ affordable √ efficient √ technologically appropriate √ environmentally adaptable √ innovative • with emphasis on: √ professionalism, caring and teamwork value √ respect for human dignity √ community participation Health Status 1 INTRODUCTION Malaysia is a vibrant and dynamic country enjoying continued economic growth and political stability since its independence 53 years ago. Malaysians today are generally healthier, live longer, and are better disposed to be more productive. The overall level of health attained is one of the key measures of the success of our country. Good health enables Malaysians to lead productive and fulfilling lives. In addition, a high level of health contributes to increased prosperity and overall social stability. POPULATION STRUCTURE Based on the adjusted Population and Housing Census of Malaysia 2000, the population of Malaysia in 2010 was 28.25 million with an average annual population growth rate of 1.3 per 100 populations. The total population in 2010 decreased by 0.06 million as compared to 28.31 million recorded in 2009. The geographical distribution of population showed that Selangor had the highest population of 5.10 million, while Federal Territory of Labuan recorded the lowest population of 0.1 million (Table 1). However, Kelantan recorded the highest average annual population growth rate of 1.9 per 100 populations, while Sabah recorded the lowest annual growth rate of 1.0. It should be noted that another Population and Housing Census of Malaysia was done in 2010. Based on the latest census, the population of Malaysia in 2010 was 28.34 million. According to the geographical distribution, Selangor had the highest population of 5.46 million, while the Federal Territory of Putrajaya recorded the lowest population of 0.07 million (Table 2). From now on, demography and population data in Malaysia shall be referring to this latest census. In 2010, 67.3% out of the total population lived in urban area, while 32.7% lived in rural area (Table 3).Overall, the population in Malaysia is relatively young, with 37.6% of the total population were below 20 years of age, and only 7.9% of the population aged 60 years and above. In 2010, the economically- 8 productive population which consists of population aged 15 to 64 years was 19.1 million or 67.3% of the total population, while the economically dependent i.e age below 15 years and 65 years and above was 9.3 million or 32.7% of the total population. HEALTH STATUS Health status can be gauged by the use of health status indicators. Indicators such as life expectancy at birth, mortality and morbidity status of the country were among the indicators that can be measured, and serve as an indication of the state of health of individuals, and thus the health of the overall population. • Life Expectancy at Birth Life expectancy is a measure of the number of years, on an average, that a person can expect to live. With the improvement in the nutritional and socio-economic status of the population, Malaysians can expect to live much longer than in the past. The estimated life expectancy at birth in 2010 has remained at 71.7 years for male and increase to 76.6 years for female as compared to 70.6 years for male and 75.1 years for female recorded in 2001 (Figure 1). ANNUAL REPORT 2012 Ministry of Health Malaysia Ministry of Health Malaysia ANNUAL REPORT 2012 TABLE 1 POPULATION AND AVERAGE ANNUAL POPULATION GROWTH RATE BY STATE, MALAYSIA 2008 – 2010 (BASED ON ADJUSTED POPULATION AND HOUSING CENSUS OF MALAYSIA 2000) Average Annual Population Population (‘000) State Growth Rate (%) 2008 2009 2010 2008/2009 2009/2010 Perlis 236.2 240.7 240.1 1.9 1.4 Kedah 1,958.1 2,000.0 1,996.9 2.1 1.2 Pulau Pinang 1,546.8 1,577.3 1,596.9 2.0 1.1 Perak 2,351.3 2,393.3 2,460.8 1.8 1.4 Selangor* 5,071.1 5,179.6 5,102.6 2.1 1.4 FT Kuala Lumpur 1,629.4 1,655.1 1,722.5 1.6 1.1 Negeri Sembilan 995.6 1,013.9 1,011.7 1.8 1.1 Melaka 753.5 769.3 771.5 2.1 1.3 Johor 3,312.4 3,385.2 3,305.9 2.2 1.1 Pahang 1,513.1 1,543.3 1,534.8 2.0 1.2 Terengganu 1,094.3 1,121.1 1,050.0 2.4 1.4 Kelantan 1,595.0 1,634.2 1,670.5 2.4 1.9 Sabah 3,131.6 3,201.0 3,214.2 2.2 1.0 9 FT Labuan 87.6 89.0 95.5 1.6 1.3 Sarawak 2,452.8 2,503.6 2,506.5 2.0 1.4 MALAYSIA 27,728.7 28,306.7 28,250.5 2.1 1.3 Note: 1. Population estimates based on the Population and Housing Census of Malaysia 2000, adjusted for under enumeration. 2. The added total may differ due to rounding. 3. FT = Federal Territory * includes FT Putrajaya Source: Department of Statistics, Malaysia ANNUAL REPORT 2012 Ministry of Health Malaysia Ministry of Health Malaysia ANNUAL REPORT 2012 TABLE 2 POPULATION BY STATE, MALAYSIA 2010 (BASED ON POPULATION AND HOUSING CENSUS OF MALAYSIA 2010) Population (‘000) State 2010 Perlis 231.5 Kedah 1,947.7 Pulau Pinang 1,561.4 Perak 2,352.7 Selangor 5,462.1 FT Kuala Lumpur 1,674.6 FT Putrajaya 72.4 Negeri Sembilan 1,021.1 Melaka 821.1 Johor 3,348.3 Pahang 1,500.8 Terengganu 1,036.0 Kelantan 1,539.6 10 Sabah 3,206.7 FT Labuan 86.9 Sarawak 2,471.1 MALAYSIA 28,334.1 Note: 1. Population estimates based on the Population and Housing Census of Malaysia 2010. 2. The added total may differ due to rounding. 3. FT = Federal Territory Source: Department of Statistics, Malaysia ANNUAL REPORT 2012 Ministry of Health Malaysia Ministry of Health Malaysia ANNUAL REPORT 2012 TABLE 3 STATISTICS RELATED TO POPULATION, 2010 (BASED ON POPULATION AND HOUSING CENSUS OF MALAYSIA 2010) 2010 Population Number % of Total (‘000) Population Male 14,526.6 51.4 Female 13,771.5 48.6 Youths (below 20 years) 10,663.6 37.6 Elderly (60 years and above) 2,251.2 7.9 Economically-productive (age 15-64 years) 19,078.9 67.3 Economically-dependent (age below 15 & above 64 years) 9,255.3 32.7 Urban 20,125.0 71.0 Rural 8,209.2 29.0 Note: 1. Population estimates based on the Population and Housing Census of Malaysia 2010. 2. The added total may differ due to rounding. Source: Department of Statistics, Malaysia FIGURE 1 LIFE EXPECTANCY AT BIRTH (IN YEARS) BY SEX, MALAYSIA, 2001– 2010 11 80 79 78 77 76.4 76.5 76.6 76.2 76.3 76.3 75.9 76 75.6 75.1 75.3 75 74 73 71.5 71.6 71.7 71.7 72 71.4 71.5 70.9 71.1 71 70.6 70.8 70 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009p 2010e Male Female Note: p=Preliminary figures, e= estimated figures Source: Department of Statistics, Malaysia ANNUAL REPORT 2012 Ministry of Health Malaysia Ministry of Health Malaysia ANNUAL REPORT 2012 • Mortality Mortality data provides a useful endpoint for measuring health.