Ten Principles for Urban Regeneration Making Shanghai a Better City www.uli.org Ten Principles for Urban Regeneration Making Shanghai a Better City www.uli.org 2 3 About ULI About ULI Asia Pacific The Urban Land Institute is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit Across the Asia Pacific region, the Institute has research and education organization supported by more than 1,600 members, with a particularly its members. Founded in 1936, the Institute now strong presence in Japan, Greater China, has over 32,000 members worldwide representing Singapore, the Philippines, and Australia. The the entire spectrum of land use and real estate regional headquarters is in Hong Kong, with an development disciplines, working in private office in Tokyo. ULI Asia Pacific brings together enterprise and public service. As the preeminent, industry leaders with a common commitment to multidisciplinary real estate forum, ULI facilitates improving professional standards, seeking the the open exchange of ideas, information, best use of land, and following excellent practices. and experience among local, national, and international industry leaders and policy makers By engaging experts from various disciplines, the dedicated to creating better places. Institute can arrive at responsible answers to problems that would be difficult to achieve The mission of the Urban Land Institute is to independently. ULI shares its knowledge through provide leadership in the responsible use of various discussion forums, research, publications, land and in creating and sustaining thriving and electronic media. communities worldwide. ULI is committed to bringing together leaders from across the fields of ULI’s activities in the region are aimed at real estate and land use policy to exchange best providing information that is practical, down to practices and serve community needs by earth, and useful so that on-the-ground changes can be made. By building and sustaining a □ Fostering collaboration within and beyond ULI’s diverse network of local experts in the region, the membership through mentoring, dialogue, and Institute is able to address the current and future problem-solving; challenges facing Asia’s cities. □ Exploring issues of urbanization, conservation, regeneration, land use, capital formation, and ULI Asia Pacific is the acknowledged authority for ULI thanks the following organizations for their generous contribution: sustainable development; policy information and best practices in land use □ Advancing land use policies and design in the Asia Pacific region. practices that respect the uniqueness of both built and natural environments; Supporting principles: □ Sharing knowledge through education, applied □ Collaboration with universities, government research, publishing, and electronic media; and agencies, and like-minded organizations □ Sustaining a diverse global network of local strengthens and disseminates the Institute’s practice and advisory efforts that address current expertise. and future challenges. □ Priority initiatives effectively address local land use issues. □ High-quality programs enhance the integrity of the Institute. About ULI Foundation □ Substantial interdisciplinary membership is engaged throughout the region. Morgan Stanley The ULI Foundation is the philanthropic partner 摩 根 士 丹 利 of the Urban Land Institute, providing an assured source of funding for ULI’s core research, education, and public service activities. Through Copyright 2014 by the Urban Land Institute. its various giving programs, the Foundation helps All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced strengthen ULI’s ability to provide leadership in in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including the responsible use of land to enhance the total photocopying and recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission of the publisher. environment. 4 5 ConTEnTS Introduction............................................................ 2 1. Establish a Long-Term Vision............................. 9 2. Design for People............................................... 13 3. Conserve Cultural Heritage................................ 17 4. Create Integrated Networks............................... 21 5. Optimize Land Use............................................. 25 6. Vitalize Public Space.......................................... 29 7. Foster Collaboration........................................... 33 8. Build Healthy and Sustainable Communities..... 37 9. Integrate Economic Development...................... 41 10. Promote Diversity - and Make It Beautiful!...... 45 Conclusion.............................................................. 49 References & Photo Credits................................. 50 Acknowledgements................................................ 56 6 1 INTRODUCTION 1 Urban Regeneration in Shanghai Urban regeneration - defined for this publication regeneration is an issue not only for the city’s Shanghai is a dynamic city, filled with current as the process of improving an existing urban older districts but also for its newer areas. Not opportunity and future potential. As China’s area in order to upgrade its physical, functional, all of Shanghai’s development is permanent; economic hub and an international financial, economic, social, and environmental situation - for example, a recent study suggests that 40% trade, and shipping center, the city has undergone has self-betterment in mind. It is the tool that cities of housing built in China before 2000 will be rapid urbanization over the past twenty years use to challenge their deficiencies, correct their replaced in the next 10 -15 years.1 Beyond this, as and is now well on its way to becoming a global missteps, and remake themselves. Through urban any city grows, its needs - like those of any living city. new metros and museums, office towers regeneration, a city can more fully live up to its thing - necessarily change. The manufacturing and performance centers, high-tech enclaves potential. industries that once fueled Shanghai’s economy and fashion design shops join together to are now not as important as the city’s financial make a place that both residents and visitors Urban Land Institute (ULI) Mainland China and service sectors. For many areas of the city, 2 admire. Shanghai’s iconic buildings - including convened in Shanghai in March 2014 to conduct the relocation of factories to other provinces and skyscrapers in the Lujiazui Finance and Trade a two-day workshop on urban regeneration. the expansion of metro lines and road systems Zone, the historical Bund along the Huangpu Approximately sixty people from a wide array of have substantially changed the highest and River, and the repurposed Xintiandi in the former disciplines participated, lending their voices to the best use of land. Even recently constructed French Concession - symbolize its economic and important discussion. This publication summarizes developments might find that they cannot keep cultural revival. the breadth of ideas that were presented at this up with the city’s evolving priorities and residents’ workshop and is also informed by a February elevated aspirations for more comfortable and Yet Shanghai is not comfortable resting on its 2014 seminar in Shanghai, a ULI Hong Kong healthy lifestyles. Regeneration can also be used reputation - nor should it be. A true global city only seminar on the urban regeneration of Kowloon, to correct past mistakes. And so in Shanghai, gets better over time. The city officially recognized additional research from ULI members and urban regeneration is a constant process. this in its motto for Expo 2010 Shanghai China, institutions, and exchanges among domestic and “Better city, better life.” Betterment should be the overseas professionals, investors, developers, Shanghai Yesterday and Today goal of any urban center: better transportation, scholars, government officials, and members of A brief history of Shanghai and an assessment housing, schools, infrastructure, parks, hospitals, ULI’s north America Urban Revitalization Council. of its current status will help in understanding street life, services, opportunities, and so its course for urban regeneration. Shanghai much more. And as the Expo motto expresses, Some may question why a city like Shanghai - was an ancient fishing village, and it started to betterment should be focused on the lives of a which only began its large-scale urbanization in become a city less than two centuries ago as an city’s people. the 1990s and is still undergoing rapid growth - international trading center. By the early 1900s needs to be concerned about regeneration. But it was one of the largest and most prosperous 3 cities in Asia. After a long decline and stagnation, Shanghai began its revival in the 1990s with Deng Xiaoping’s vision for the city as the financial [Urban regeneration] is the tool that cities use and economic center of modern China. The city to challenge their deficiencies, correct their is split into two main parts, each on one side of the Huangpu River. Puxi, west of the river, is the missteps, and remake themselves. Through urban older part of town, home of the original walled city and site of the foreign concessions that arrived in regeneration, a city can more fully live up to its the late nineteenth century. Pudong, east of the potential. river, is the new district of development led by the international financial center at Lujiazui. 2 3 The emblematic images of these districts - income in the