Plan De Gestion 2014-2018 RESERVE NATURELLE NATIONALE

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Plan De Gestion 2014-2018 RESERVE NATURELLE NATIONALE Réserve Naturelle SABOT DE FROTEY Plan de gestion 2014-2018 RESERVE NATURELLE NATIONALE DU SABOT DE FROTEY (Frotey-lès-Vesoul – Haute-Saône) **************** PLAN DE GESTION Période 2014 -2018 Hugues PINSTON Conservateur de la Réserve du Sabot Salarié LPO Franche-Comté Décembre 2013 Photographie de couverture : Helianthème des Apennins (Helianthemum apenninum) (RN Sabot, cliché Patrick Viain, 21-4-2006) SOMMAIRE REMERCIEMENTS ............................................................................................................................. 5 SECTION A : DIAGNOSTIC DE LA RESERVE NATURELLE A.I. INFORMATIONS GENERALES SUR LA RESERVE NATURELLE ......................................... 6 A.I.1. LA CREATION DE LA RESERVE NATURELLE .................................................................. 6 A.I.2. LA LOCALISATION DE LA RESERVE NATURELLE .......................................................... 7 A.I.3. LES LIMITES ADMINISTRATIVES ET LA SUPERFICIE DE LA RESERVE NATURELLE .............................................................................................. 7 A.I.4. LA GESTION DE LA RESERVE NATURELLE ..................................................................... 9 A.I.5. LE CADRE SOCIO-ECONOMIQUE GENERAL ..................................................................... 9 A.I.6. LES INVENTAIRES ET LES CLASSEMENTS EN FAVEUR DU PATRIMOINE NATUREL............................................................................10 A.I.7. L’EVOLUTION HISTORIQUE DE L’OCCUPATION DU SOL DE LA RESERVE NATURELLE ..............................................................................................11 A.II. L’ENVIRONNEMENT ET LE PATRIMOINE NATUREL DE LA RESERVE NATURELLE ............................................................................................... 36 A.II.1. LE CLIMAT ............................................................................................................................. 36 A.II.2. LA GEOLOGIE ........................................................................................................................ 38 A.II.2.a. LES FORMATIONS GEOLOGIQUES .................................................................... 38 A.II.2.b. LES FORMES DU RELIEF ET LES EAUX SOUTERRAINES ............................. 40 A.II.2.c. LES SOLS DE LA RESERVE ................................................................................. 42 A.II.3. LES HABITATS NATURELS ET LES ESPECES ................................................................. 43 A.II.3.a. L’ETAT DES CONNAISSANCES ET DES DONNEES DISPONIBLES ............... 43 A.II.3.b. LES INVENTAIRES ET ETUDES A REALISER .................................................. 48 A.II.3.c. DESCRIPTION DES HABITATS NATURELS ASSOCIES AUX 11 UNITES ECOLOGIQUES SYNTHETIQUES ........................................... 49 A.II.3.d. EVALUATION DE LA VALEUR PATRIMONIALE DES HABITATS NATURELS ...................................................................................69 A.II.3.e. LES FACTEURS LIMITANT ET LA FONCTIONNALITE DES HABITATS ........ 73 A.II.3.f. L’ETAT DE CONSERVATION DES HABITATS ....................................................77 A.II.3.g. SYNTHESE SUR LES HABITATS .......................................................................... 78 RNN. Sabot de Frotey (70) –Plan de gestion 2014/18 –H. Pinston 2 A.II.3.h. LES ESPECES ANIMALES ET VEGETALES INVENTORIEES ..........................81 A.II.3.i. EVALUATION DE LA VALEUR PATRIMONIALE DES ESPECES ................... 82 A.II.3.j. LES FACTEURS LIMITANT ET LA FONCTIONNALITE DES POPULATIONS D’ESPECES ..........................................................................102 A.II 3.k. SYNTHESE SUR L’ETAT DE CONSERVATION DES POPULATIONS D’ESPECES ........................................................................ 104 A.III. LE CADRE SOCIO-ECONOMIQUE ET CULTUREL DE LA RESERVE ............................. 105 A.III.1. LE PATRIMOINE CULTUREL, PAYSAGER, ARCHEOLOGIQUE ET HISTORIQUE DE LA RESERVE NATURELLE ............................................................ 105 A.III.2. LE REGIME FONCIER ET LES INFRASTRUCTURES DANS LA RESERVE NATURELLE .....................................................................................106 A.III.3. LES ACTIVITES SOCIO-ECONOMIQUES DANS LA RESERVE NATURELLE ..............109 A.III.3.a. L’AGRICULTURE ..................................................................................................109 A.III.3.b. LES ACTIVITES FORESTIERES ...........................................................................109 A.III.3.c. LA FREQUENTATION ET LES ACTIVITES TOURISTIQUES ...........................111 A.III.3.d. LA CHASSE ............................................................................................................113 A.III.3.e. LES ACTES CONTREVENANTS ET LA POLICE DE LA NATURE ..................114 A.III.3.f. SYNTHESE DES ACTIVITES SOCIO-ECONOMIQUES ......................................114 A.IV. LA VOCATION A ACCUEILLIR ET L’INTERET PEDAGOGIQUE DE LA RESERVE NATURELLE ..............................................................................................115 A.IV.1. LES ACTIVITES PEDAGOGIQUES ET LES EQUIPEMENTS EN VIGUEUR ..................115 A.IV.2 LA CAPACITE A ACCUEILLIR DU PUBLIC ......................................................................115 A.IV.3 L’INTERET PEDAGOGIQUE DE LA RESERVE NATURELLE .........................................115 A.IV.4 LA PLACE DE LA RESERVE NATURELLE DANS UN RESEAU LOCAL D’EDUCATION A L’ENVIRONNEMENT ...........................................................................115 A.V. LA VALEUR ET LES ENJEUX DE LA RESERVE NATURELLE ............................................ 116 A.V.1 LA VALEUR DU PATRIMOINE NATUREL DE LA RESERVE NATURELLE ..................116 A.V.2 LES ENJEUX DE LA RESERVE NATURELLE ................................................................... 119 A.V.2.b. LES ENJEUX DE CONNAISSANCE DU PATRIMOINE .....................................119 A.V.2.a. LES ENJEUX DE CONSERVATION .................................................................... 120 A.V.2.c. LES ENJEUX PEDAGOGIQUES ET SOCIO-CULTURELS ................................ 120 RNN. Sabot de Frotey (70) –Plan de gestion 2014/18 –H. Pinston 3 SECTION B : GESTION DE LA RESERVE NATURELLE B.I. RESUME DE LA GESTION ANTERIEURE ET PERSPECTIVES............................................121 B.II. LES OBJECTIFS A LONG TERME .......................................................................................... 123 B.III. LES OBJECTIFS DU PLAN DE GESTION QUINQUENNAL.................................................125 B.IV. CODIFICATION DES OPERATIONS DU PLAN DE GESTION .......................................... 128 B.V. LA PROGRAMMATION DU PLAN DE GESTION ................................................................. 136 B.VI. RESUME DU NOUVEAU PLAN DE GESTION ..........................................................................143 ICONOGRAPHIE ET REFERENCES BIBLIOGRAPHIQUES ............................................................. 146 ANNEXES n°1 à 22 .....................................................................................................................................162 (dont Annexe 22 = liste et pagination des cartes du plan de gestion) Ce travail est dédié à notre ami Jean-Claude ROBERT, universitaire et naturaliste franc-comtois, décédé en février 2014. RNN. Sabot de Frotey (70) –Plan de gestion 2014/18 –H. Pinston 4 REMERCIEMENTS Ma gratitude va à : M. Sébastien Levret (ancien président de l'Association de gestion de la Réserve du Sabot), M. Frédéric Maillot (président de la LPO Franche-Comté), M. Jean-Paul Balay, (chargé du suivi des réserves naturelles à la DREAL Franche-Comté), M. Jean-Marie Schiber (maire de Frotey), ainsi qu'aux agents et secrétaires de la commune de Frotey, pour leur implication dans la gestion de la réserve du Sabot au cours des années écoulées. Je remercie particulièrement M. Sébastien Champ, ancien chargé de mission cartographique des réserves naturelles de Franche-Comté, pour la réalisation technique soigneuse de la plupart des cartes du plan de gestion, ainsi que M. Didier Lecornu (bénévole LPO Franche-Comté), M. Christophe Morin (garde-technicien sur la réserve, salarié LPO Franche-Comté), M. Patrick Viain (bénévole LPO Franche-Comté), Jean-Christophe Weidmann (directeur LPO Franche-Comté), ainsi que les membres du Conseil d’aministration de l’Association de la réserve et de celui de la LPO Franche-Comté pour leurs remarques en vue d’améliorer ce document. Ma reconnaissance va aussi aux personnes suivantes pour leur soutien ou l’apport de leurs compétences à un moment ou un autre de ce travail : M. Philippe Bolis (exploitant forestier à Frotey), Mme Brigitte Brault (DDT 70), Mme Catherine Bresson (salariée CPEPESC), M. Christophe Colette (directeur d'agence O.N.F. à Vesoul), Mme Catherine Cotin (propriétaire sur la Réserve du Sabot), M. Bertrand Cotte (Conservatoire des Espaces Naturels de Franche-Comté), Mme Geneviève Coussement (ancienne présidente de l'association de gestion de la réserve), M. Pierre Baudoin (trésorier-adjoint de l’association de gestion), M. Marcel Debray (trésorier de l'association de gestion), M. François Dehondt (directeur du Conservatoire botanique national de Franche-Comté), M. Bernard Destrieux (Conservatoire des Espaces Naturels de Franche-Comté), M. Yorick Ferrez (Conservatoire botanique national de Franche-Comté), M. Jean- Marc Gérard (bénévole LPO Franche-Comté), MM. Alain et Laurent Goiset (exploitants
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