TECHNICAL SERVICES LAW LIBRARIAN
Volume 31 No. 1 http://www.aallnet.org/sis/tssis/tsll/ September, 2005 ISSN: 0195-4857
From the Officers: My First AALL TS-SIS Chair ...... 3 Annual Meeting OBS-SIS Chair ...... 4 Articles: Dawn Smith My first annual meeting ...... 1 2005 TS-SIS VIP Guest SAC report ...... 24 It was a wonderful surprise when I received the Columns: unbelievable news that I would be attending the Acquisitions ...... 5 AALL annual meeting in San Antonio, this year Description & Entry ...... 6 as the Technical Services VIP Guest. As a library The Internet ...... 9 student in the SLIS Masters program at the University of North Texas, I had set a MARC Remarks...... 11 goal to pursue law librarianship from day one of my enrollment; however, having OCLC ...... 12 had very little experience as an active law librarian, I was a little bit unsure of Preservation ...... 13 what I was really getting myself into. During my course work in graduate school Private Law Libraries ...... 13 I expressed an interest in the technical services facet of law librarianship to my Research & Publications ...... 14 academic advisor Dr. Yvonne Chandler, and with her help I was able to perform Serials ...... 15 a portion of my practicum requirement at an academic law library in the technical Subject Headings ...... 16 services department. At the time of the conference I was in the last semester of TechScans ...... 18 graduate school and I had already begun my search for employment in the law Conference Reports: library profession. I was primarily excited to get the opportunity to go to the Annual GPO’s strategic plan ...... 28 Meeting because being on a college student “budget” the probability of my getting Acquisitions Committee ...... 30 to attend the annual meeting was looking pretty slim. But monetary concerns Visionary collection devlopm .. 31 aside, I was also excited about getting the chance to attend because I knew that I Preservation & Binding ...... 32 would get the opportunity to meet lots of new people within the profession who Law Library of Congress ...... 33 could give me their first hand perspective of the law library profession. The ABCs of TOCs ...... 34 Nabbing vs. sharing ...... 35 The combination of attending my first AALL meeting and being a VIP Guest EDI made simple ...... 36 made for an awesome experience, which I know that I will never forget. I left Don’t throw that away ...... 37 for San Antonio on Friday, July 15, 2005, and while on the flight from Dallas to What is a “core collection” ...... 38 San Antonio I tried to figure out what programs I really wanted to attend, but I Electronic resource managem .. 39 couldn’t make up my mind. There was so much being offered at the conference Indexes & google generation ... 40 and the plane ride was only 35 minutes long. I arrived at the registration desk in Outsourcing ...... 41 the Exhibit Hall in tow with five other law librarians that I had met on the shuttle Who’s counting? Who cares? ... 42 from the airport, and when they saw the VIP Guest printed on my name badge Publishing outside the law ...... 43 high-lighted in yellow, everyone around me began asking what type of VIP I was; Federated searching ...... 44 from that moment on my annual meeting was off and running a full day before Workshop Reports: half of the membership had arrived for the conference. The entire time I was in Electronic resources ...... 44 San Antonio I was treated like a true VIP. I was treated to lunch and dinners from Effective subject cataloging ..... 46 Announcements: continued on page 49 Chapman Memorial Award ...... 22 From the Editor: A Publication of the Technical Services Special Interest Section and the TSLL annual report ...... 23 Online Bibliographic Services Special Interest Section of the American Association of Law Libraries
Technical Services Law Librarian, September, 2005 Page 1 TSLL Staff 2005-2006 Officers and Committee Chairs Editor-in-Chief: OBS-SIS TS-SIS Brian Striman University of Nebraska Chair: Chair: Richard Jost Karen Douglas Associate Editor: University of Washington Duke Univ. School of Law Library Cindy May Vice Chair/Chair-Elect: Vice Chair/Chair-Elect: University of Wisconsin Susan Goldner Rhonda Lawrence Layout & Design: University of Arkansas at Little Rock UCLA School of Law Julie R. Stauffer Secretary/Treasurer: Secretary/Treasurer: University of Chicago Kathy Faust Chris Long Web Manager: Northwestern School of Law Indiana University, Indianapolis Martin E. Wisneski Members-at-Large: Members-at-Large: Washburn University Caitlin Robinson (2004-2006) Brian Striman (2004-2006) University of Iowa University of Nebraska Contributing Editors: Acquisitions: Stephanie Schmitt (2005-2007) Janice Anderson (2005-2007) Kevin Butterfield Yale University Georgetown University Law Center Classification: Education Committee: Acquisitions Committee: Beth Holmes Susan Goldner Lorna Tang Collection Development: University of Arkansas at Little Rock Univ. of Chicago Law Library Margaret Maes Axtmann Local System Committee: Awards Committee: Description & Entry: Mary Jane Kelsey Pam Deemer George Prager Yale University Emory University The Internet: Nominating Committee: Cataloging & Classification Committee: Stephanie Schmitt Kevin Butterfield Karen Nuckolls Management: College of William and Mary West Virginia University Caitlin Robinson OCLC Committee: Education Committee: MARC Remarks: Pam Deemer Karen Douglas George Prager Emory University Duke Univ. School of Law Library OCLC: RLIN Committee: Nominating Committee: Pam Deemer Ming Lu Virginia Bryant Preservation: Los Angeles County Law Library George Washington University Sally Wambold Web Advisory Committee: Private Law Libraries: Preservation Committee: Shannnon Burchard Mary Rose Patricia K. Turpening Donna Rosinski-Kauz Univ. of San Francisco Law Library University of Cincinnati Research and Publications: Program/Education Committee: Chris Long Michael Maben Serials: Indiana University, Bloomington Margaret McDonald Publication Schedule Serials Committee: Christina Tarr Carol Avery Nicholson Serial Issues: Issues are published quarterly in March, University of North Carolina Richard Paone June, September, and December. Subject Headings: Deadlines: MARBI Representative: Aaron Kuperman George Prager V.31:no.2(Dec. 2005) ...... 23 Nov. 2005 TechScans: New York University V.31:no.3(Mar. 2006) ...... 23 Feb. 2006 Corinne Jacox & contributing Joint Research Grant Committee: V.31:no.4(Jun. 2006) ...... 20 May 2006 authors Caitlin Robinson V.32:no.1(Sept. 2006) ...... 23 Aug. 2005 Editorial Board SIS Univeristy of Iowa Law Library Representatives: OBS-SIS: TSLL EDITORIAL POLICY Mary Strouse (2004-2005) Catholic U. of America Technical Services Law Librarian (ISSN 0195-4857) is an official publication of the Hollie C. White (2005-2006) Technical Services Special Interest Section and the Online Bibliographic Services Special Arizona State University Interest Section of the American Association of Law Libraries. TS-SIS: Statements and opinions of the authors are theirs alone and do not necessarily reflect those Susan Goldner (2004-2006) of AALL, TS-SIS, OBS-SIS, or the TSLL Editorial Board. It carries reports or summaries U. of Arkansas-Little Rock Ismael Gullon of AALL annual meeting events and other programs of OBS-SIS and the TS-SIS, acts as the Mercer University Law Library vehicle of communication for SIS committee activities, awards, and announcements, as well as current awareness and short implementation reports. It also publishes regular columns and special articles on a variety of topics related to technical services law librarianship. Prospective authors should contact the editor for content and style information. Online web-access to TSLL is available without subscription restrictions.
Page 2 Technical Services Law Librarian, Vol. 31, No. 1 From the Chair echnical Services TSpecial Interest Section I am excited to serve as Chair of TS-SIS attend, here are some highlights of the experienced catalogers who were there during the centennial year of AALL, San Antonio meeting. to answer questions. a time when we are “Pioneering for Change.” We certainly have had our The joint reception was very well This year’s Renee D. Chapman award share of changes in recent times. With attended. Thanks once again to was presented to Ann Sitkin, of Harvard this issue we will begin our first full Innovative Interfaces for their generous University, who has long been an expert volume of issues that are available sponsorship. Jolande Goldberg and on law cataloging. Marie Whited, who in electronic format only. The first the Joint Reception committee created nominated her for the award, made electronic issue was volume 30 no. a lovely atmosphere with beautiful remarks about Ann’s distinguished 3 (March, 2005). This is an exciting flowers and delicious food. career. change that will allow us to retain a This year, for the first time since I can In San Antonio, tech services librarians large amount of money in our budget remember, the TS-SIS activities table were able to attend programs on that we can direct toward even more was staffed every hour that the exhibit preservation, career advancement, core changes. hall was open, thanks to Brian Striman collections, trends in library systems We also look forward to our first and his aggressive recruiting campaign. and a workshop on Subject Cataloging electronic elections in the coming We had lots of traffic at the table, due with LC Subject headings. Additional year. in part to the large supply of chocolate programs covering EDI, ABA Statistics, that Brian provided for the table and the FRBR and the OPAC and Electronic Annual meeting programming has lovely hand-made quilts donated and Resources Management, which weren’t undergone a major change. Starting made by Sue Burkhart, and the scarf selected by the AMPC, were put on by with the 2006 St. Louis meeting, hand-knit by Katrina Piechnik that were TS-SIS. Despite a less prominent listing we will be able to schedule SIS raffled off. Well done, Brian!! in the meeting program, these sessions programming, committee meetings were well attended and provided more and roundtables opposite any AALL At our business meeting, Cindy programming options for tech services educational programming. This was introduced our AALL VIP (Valuable librarians. one of the recommendations of the Invited Participant) recent library school TS-SIS Ad-Hoc Committee on Annual graduate, Dawn Smith. This is the first I’d like to thank all of our departing Meeting Programming, the brainchild year that an SIS was allowed to invite officers, committee chairs and of our immediate past chair Cindy May. a VIP. Instead of inviting judges and representatives for their dedicated Jolande Goldberg and Reggie Wallen law school professors, TS-SIS decided service to TS-SIS: Member-at-Large ably chaired this committee. This is the to invite a recent library school grad. Jolande Goldberg, who also served as first of many changes expected in the We are very concerned that not enough co-chair of the Ad-Hoc Committee on annual meeting in the coming years. It new librarians are interested in technical Annual Meeting Programming; Janice is my hope that with this more flexible services. We thought that this behind Shull, chair of the Awards Committee; scheduling that we can eliminate some the scenes look at technical services Amy Lovell, chair of the Cataloging & of the dreaded 7:00am committee might inspire one of them to consider Classification Committee; Chris Tarr, meetings. I don’t know about you, but it as their specialty and spread the word chair of the Nominating Committee, I’m tired of getting up every morning to others. Within the next 10 years or Eloise Vondruska for several years of before the birds wake up to go to early so, large numbers of us, me included, service as chair of the Joint Research meetings. I’ve been unable to attend the will be ready to retire. We want to have Grant Committee; Michael Maben, chair meetings of the Dancing SIS because young librarians to take our place. You of the Program/Education Committee; I’m afraid I’ll oversleep and miss the will hear more about Dawn Smith in this Frank Richardson, chair of the Serials Executive Board Meeting. One must issue as she contributes an article about Committee, and Karen Selden who was make choices, you know. her experiences as our VIP. our MARBI rep. Cindy May, Gary Vander Meer and I At our business meeting we also I am looking forward to working with worked on a new Strategic Plan for TS- amended our by-laws to allow for those who are continuing on: Chris SIS that was approved by the TS-SIS electronic voting. Long, Secretary-Treasurer; Brian Striman, Member-at Large; Cindy May, Executive Board. You can see a copy We held our first ever New Catalogers of it on the TS-SIS website. Past Chair; Lorna Tang, Acquisitions Roundtable this year. The attendance Committee chair; and Pat Turpening, For those of you who were unable to was split between new catalogers and Preservation Committee chair.
Technical Services Law Librarian, September, 2005 Page 3 I’d like to welcome aboard new officers, work!! From now on it will be the job writing a preservation plan for your committee chairs and representatives: of the vice chair/chair-elect to serve as library. I should be able to let you Rhonda Lawrence, Vice Chair/Chair- chair of the Education Committee. We know which proposals were chosen in elect; Janice Anderson, Member-at have submitted 6 program proposals my next column. Large; Karen Nuckolls, Cataloging & and 1 workshop proposal to the AMPC Classification Committee chair; Carol this year. We opted for quality rather I want to work on implementing our Avery Nicholson, Serials Committee than quantity. Our program proposals new strategic plan. I will be actively chair; Virginia Bryant, Nominations cover technical services department soliciting volunteers. You can help me Committee chair; Pam Deemer, reorganization; a preview of RDA, the fulfill one of our strategic directions Awards Committee chair; Caitlin new cataloging rules replacing AACR2; by volunteering, especially if you Robinson, Joint Research Committee changing technical services librarians have never volunteered before. We chair and George Prager, MARBI into digital librarians; assessing the are looking for fresh ideas to carry us representative. financial viability of your vendor; forward into AALL’s next 100 years. reminiscences by long-time members I’m counting on you! We have big plans for TS-SIS during of TS-SIS as part of the centennial the Centennial Year. I have served as Karen Douglas celebration; and the new tribal law Duke University Law Library chair of the Education Committee for classification ( co-sponsored with the 2006 St. Louis meeting. Thanks to the Native Peoples Law Caucus). We all committee members for your hard have proposed a full-day workshop on
From the Chair nline Bibliographic Services OSpecial Interest Section I feel like one of the pilgrims who sure will do a great job. meeting for many of us, with numerous climbed a mountain seeking wisdom, OBS programs from which to choose. only to find that someone else had Andrea Rabbia will also be leaving We began the meeting with the OBS already been there and planted a flag. her post as Member-at-Large after a sponsorship of one of the plenary Those of you who know Georgia Briscoe two-year term. Andrea did a great job speakers, Roy Tennant, from the already know that climbing mountains setting up the OBS activities table this California Digital Library and a is just one of the hobbies that she year in San Antonio, stocking it with columnist for Library Journal. His pursues in her free time, in addition to many paperback novels for our annual speech, “Building the Libraries Our having a busy job as Associate Director book exchange from her own library. Users Deserve,” was very well attended and Head of Technical Services at the She also set up the raffle for this year’s and presented a range of provocative University of Colorado Law Library. book prize, which was won by Glenna themes that challenged our common Following her in a leadership position Mae Owens of Appalachian School assumptions about libraries and patrons. is always a challenge, as she leaves of Law. Andrea will be succeeded by If you did not get a chance to hear the everything in such good shape that there Stephanie Schmitt from Yale University speech, a written copy of the speech seems like nothing to do! I do want to as the new Member-at-Large. and the slides are on the OBS website. thank her for her service to OBS and I Another new member of the OBS Board In addition to the plenary speech, Roy look forward to her wise counsel on the is Susan Goldner from the University also gave a program later that same OBS Board as past chair. of Arkansas at Little Rock, recently day on the “Top Trends in Library Systems,” an interesting overview of Another OBS member deserving elected as Vice Chair/Chair-Elect. Susan has been an active member of current technology and new technology recognition for service to OBS is developments. departing Secretary/Treasurer Michael OBS, participating in many Annual Maben. Michael is able to capture the Meeting programs, serving as the One of the most stimulating essence of board meeting and business MARBI representative and recently OBS programs was “Nabbing vs. meeting discussions (which don’t as the Council of Chapter Presidents Sharing: Z39.50 and the Ethics of always seem nearly as clear when Chair. Many of us know Susan, and her Directly Importing MARC Records” they are in progress!) in his notes and work through the indexing project that (coordinated by Georgia Briscoe) with chart (without panic!) our financial she has been working on for TSLL, a Barbara Bintliff from the University of ups and downs. He will be succeeded valuable tool that will benefit the entire Colorado and Blair Kauffman from Yale in this position by Kathy Faust from membership. University. The program engendered a Northwestern School of Law, who I am San Antonio was an invigorating lively discussion and many questions.
Page 4 Technical Services Law Librarian, Vol. 31, No. 1 Because of the importance of this • AALL will be hosting an education version of a Google search appliance, a issue to OBS members, Pat Callahan summit in Chicago this September proposal on voice recognition software, from the University of Pennsylvania, with the goal of developing a program on open source ILS software, has agreed to chair an informal task professional programs outside and a program on RSS feeds and the force to research this issue further and of the Annual Meeting. Each integration of outside resources in report back to OBS members for further chapter and SIS will get to send a the catalog. An important change discussion. representative to this summit. that was implemented this year at the Annual Meeting was the ability for Other OBS programs in San Antonio The Business Meeting also provided SIS’s and chapters to sponsor programs included “The ABCs of TOCs: OBS with the opportunity to revise not accepted by the Annual Meeting Enhancing Your OPAC with Tables our bylaws. As many of you are aware, Program Committee (AMPC). In San of Contents” (coordinated by Karen AALL has made electronic voting Antonio, the timeframe allotted for these Selden) and “Federated Searching and possible for all the chapters and SIS’s, programs was limited to mornings; in OpenURL” (coordinated by Eloise a feature that will help save quite a bit St. Louis, the non-AMPC programs will Vondruska). Both programs were of time and money for our organization. be able to be offered throughout most well attended and attracted a wide The bylaw changes that we passed will of the Annual Meeting (although each range of participants. In addition, allow electronic voting in the future as SIS will be responsible for the budget OBS sponsored the OCLC Committee well as allow us to nominate only one for non-AMPC programs). Open Discussion, the RLIN Committee candidate per office. This is important Open Discussion, the Local Systems to a small group like ours and will help On the financial front, OBS has been Committee Open Discussion and co- us maintain a roster of people who are in deficit spending for much of last sponsored the OBS-SIS & TS-SIS willing to serve as officers. We also year. Hopefully, by the time you are Research Roundtable. passed a bylaw amendment to eliminate reading this, we will have recovered most fixed dates from our bylaws to our financial footing with the expected We also conducted our Annual Business allow greater flexibility in scheduling. dues revenue. With TSLL now being Meeting in San Antonio, as well as Some members felt that the dates would published electronically and the board meetings for the incoming and help keep us on track throughout the availability of electronic voting, we outgoing OBS Executive Boards. I year, so to remedy the concern of not should be in better financial condition wanted to share with you some of the having specific dates in the bylaws, we next year, as we shall have eliminated highlights from these meetings: will be establishing an annual calendar two of the major sources of expenses • Sally Wambold is spearheading our as part of our Procedures Manual to help for our section. Hopefully, we will be efforts to have OBS participation set dates for important OBS-related able to build up our reserves again for in the AALL Centennial Variety activities. the future. Show, which will be a part of the The OBS Education Committee also met As you can see, OBS has had a very Annual Meeting in St. Louis. in San Antonio and developed a roster active summer! I want to thank all • Kevin Butterfield reported that the of programs to propose for the St. Louis participants for their involvement with OBS Strategic Plan Committee meeting. As usual, we hope that OBS the activities of this section. I look survey of the membership had been will be well represented on the program forward to working with each of you distributed, and the results will be schedule and offer a variety of programs in the upcoming year. geared to our members. The program compiled and reported in early Richard Jost autumn. proposals include a workshop on cataloging serials, a program on a beta University of Washington Acquisitions Just Like Starting Over … the New Kevin Butterfield Year Brings a Few Changes Marshall-Wythe Law Library, College of William and Mary
“I think why is a wonderful word” Acquisitions Column for TSLL. Not acquisitions work. It has made things —Ted Williams that I get to leave the Internet behind. easier and harder, simpler and more It seems to follow me wherever I move, frustrating, In a nutshell it brought I have packed up my bags, cleaned out like a single minded telemarketer about change. The measure of us, as the closets, tucked the cat under my or reruns of Magnum PI, it flows professionals, is how we deal with arm and made the long, “cross-column” through everything we do as technical and incorporate these changes into our move from the Internet Column to the services librarians. Particularly in our work.
Technical Services Law Librarian, September, 2005 Page 5 These changes hit home with me when so, how best we should go about it. for putting the Guide into practice. Kay I moved to Virginia last year. Besides Asking why doesn’t mean that we are Todd will be chairing that Task Force. learning to say “Commonwealth of doing something the wrong way, but it In addition the AALL Executive Board …” instead of “State of …” and is good, from time to time, to consider approved a special committee, to be remembering to tell wait staff to please our approaches. Who knows, this ex- chaired by Janis Johnston, at their please please not put cole slaw on my Hoosier may even sort out his issues July meeting. This group’s charge barbeque sandwiches, I was presented with cole slaw. is to figure out how to integrate and with the challenge of deciphering a new coordinate the various vendor related state procurement code, stewarding If you have ideas to share or topics activities that AALL is now engaged the implementation of a new campus for this column that you would like to in. These include CRIV activities, the accounting system, and being forced see written about, please contact me Fair Business Practices Guide (and to employ a statewide electronic at [email protected]. I look forward to its Implementation Task Force), the purchasing system that was better suited hearing from you. Electronic Licensing Principles, and for buying toner cartridges than books In addition, I am the Chair of Project Counter. All these activities or dealing with database subscriptions, AALL’s Committee on Relations overlap in a way that may be confusing hoping with these changes provided a with Information Vendors (CRIV) for for AALL members and vendors. It is great opportunity to use Ted William’s 2005-2006. I hope that I can share that our hope that we can create a cohesive wonderful word … “why”? experience through this column and system that can represent the needs of all AALL members. Why? That is what I’d like to address that I hear from all of you regarding in the coming year through this column. ways that CRIV can better serve our Everyone’s input will be appreciated as Let’s spend some time discussing why needs. CRIV will be working closely these groups move forward with their we do things the way we do, why with AALL’s Fair Business Practices work. Please contact myself, Kay or vendors do things the way they do, do Guide Implementation Task Force in Janis if you have ideas to share. we and/or they need to change and, if the coming year to flesh out procedures Description & Entry
George A. Prager New York University Law School Library
In this issue, I would like to discuss recent changes in the intergovernmental organizations, national governments, cataloging treatment of the European Union, the 2005 update etc. to AACR2, recent and proposed changes to the Library of Congress Rule Interpretations, and the availability of an a. As an initial entry element of a bilateral or trilateral important new publication, Functional Requirements for treaty heading (AACR 21.25B1, LCRI 21.35B, Authority Records. AACR25.16B1). Example: no2005027055: 110 2 European Union. $t Treaties, etc. $g European Union Switzerland. $d 1999 June 21 In December 2004, the Library of Congress cancelled the b. As a cross-reference on a treaty heading (RI 26.4B) subject authority record for the European Union, and replaced Example: no2002060469 it with a new name authority record (n 2004153355), changing 130 0 Interregional Framework Cooperation its coding as a topical subject heading (MARC authorities Agreement between the European Community and 150) to a corporate name heading (MARC authorities 110). its Member States, of One Part, and the Southern This is a fairly significant change for law catalogers. At this Common Market … point, there are comparatively few affected records, as the 410 2 European Union. $t Treaties, etc. $g change was relatively recent, and was not well publicized MERCOSUR, $d 1995 Dec. 15 by LC (although it was mentioned by John Hostage on the TS-SIS discussion list on March 18, 2005). 2. As a see also reference on the heading for a treaty (LCRI 26.4C) Here are some of the new ways in which this heading may Example: no2005021045 be used. Only selected parts of each authority record are 130 0 Treaty Establishing a Constitution for Europe $d given. (2004) 1. As an initial element in a heading or cross-reference for a 510 2 European Union treaty between the European Union and one or two other The see also reference is made here because the treaty is
Page 6 Technical Services Law Librarian, Vol. 31, No. 1 one between member countries within an international a. Corporate names with unusual capitalization (App. intergovernmental body. (The RI also calls for a see A.2A1) are now to be established according to also reference from the name of the intergovernmental the capitalization practices of the corporate body. organization, when the treaty, etc., is the result of an Formerly, names spelled without an initial capital letter unnamed meeting of an international intergovernmental (e.g. “eBay”) or with a capital letter or letters following body). a lower case letter or letters (e.g., netViz Corporation), were regularized in accordance with the normal rules 3. As part of the heading for a subordinate body, or as part of capitalization for the language of the body. of a cross-reference for the same b. Words beginning the Title and Statement of a. As the first element in the heading for a subordinate Responsibility Area. (A.4): body entered subordinately (according to the guidelines in AACR/LCRI 24.12-24.13). Titles beginning with a compound word where the Example: nb2005002339: first element is normally uncapitalized will now leave 110 2 European Union. $b Scientific and Technical the first element of the compound term unchanged, Research Committee and capitalize the first letter of the second term (e.g. “e-commerce” will be transcribed “e-Commerce” b. As a parenthetical qualifier in the heading or in a cross- when it begins a title). Titles beginning with Internet reference for an independently entered subordinate addresses, if not capitalized on the resource, are not to body (AACR/LCRI 24.4C) be capitalized either (e.g., www.jurisdiction.com). c. As the first element in a cross reference for an c. Single and multiple letters used as words or parts of independently entered subordinate entity (AACR compounds (A.30A). 26.3A7). Example of “b” and “c”: (nr2005004088) When compound terms appear outside the Title and 110 2 Fundamental Rights Agency (European Union) Statement of Responsibility Area with single or multiple 410 2 European Union. $b Fundamental Rights letters capitalized, follow the capitalization as found Agency (e.g., “e-commerce”, U-Boat”, and “X-ray”). (Since “European Union” is still not to be used as a Recent Major Revisions in the Library of Congress jurisdictional geographic entity, the coding in the 410 above uses 410 1st indicator “2”, not “1”. Rule Interpretations [LCRIs] 1. Headings for Indian Tribes Recognized by the U.S. 2005 Update to the 2002 AACR2 Government as Legal Entities The 2005 update to the 2002 AACR2 was issued this summer, Until recently, names of Native American tribes have and implemented by the Library of Congress on August 1 been established as corporate name headings (110) on of this year. As AACR2 is due to be replaced in 2008 or name authority records, following the rules of entry for thereabouts by a new cataloging code (first called AACR3, governments (AACR 24.3E). Names of Native American renamed in 2005: RDA : Resource Description and Access), tribes have been treated as national governments in AACR2R changes to the current code are purposefully being kept to a (21.35 footnote 10; Cataloging Legal Literature, 3rd ed. p. minimum. Here are some of the more significant changes in A-32.) As such, they may enter into treaties with the United the 2005 update. The Library of Congress Cataloging Policy States government. Headings for treaties between a Native and Support Office (CPSO) offers a slightly more detailed American tribe or tribes and the Federal government are explanation of the changes at http://www.loc.gov/catdir/cpso/ formulated according to the normal rules for treaties (as 2005upd.html; last modified July 11, 2005; viewed Aug. 25, given in AACR/LCRI 21.35 and AACR 25.16). Codes and 2005). A complete list of the changes is given in the beginning collections of laws of Native American tribes have been of the update packet as “Checklist 2005 Update.” established similarly to the headings for American states. General formula for codes: [Name of tribe]. $t Laws, etc. 1. Colored illustrations (AACR2 2.5C3 & App. D): (Compiled statutes : date of compilation); see generally, LCRI The Glossary definition of “colored illustration” has been 25.15A1; example in Cataloging Legal Literature, 3rd ed., changed. In addition to black and white, “shades of grey are p. 390, fig. 15A1 c-4). not to be considered colours.” Tribes will now be tagged as 151 (jurisdictional geographic When illustrations are colored according to the new name) on name authority records, rather than 110 (corporate definition, we no longer need to note that detail in the physical name). These names may be used as jurisdictions when description area, unless it is considered to be important (as needed in cataloging (coded as 110 1_, and also may be in the description of rare books). used as geographic subdivisions, subdivided directly. So, for the first time, there will be subject headings such as: 2. Capitalization Rules (AACR App. A) Law $z Blackfeet Tribe of the Blackfeet Indian Reservation
Technical Services Law Librarian, September, 2005 Page 7 of Montana. Subject subdivision practice will be given in In recognition of the fact that headings are sometimes needed field “781” of authority records. Currently, there are over for “the administrative entities that manage or oversee” 500 officially recognized tribes within the continental U.S. government-designated parks, forests, etc., CPSO has alone. When establishing headings for an Indian tribe, the implemented a “two-heading policy.” As in the past, headings form of name given in the Federal Register is regarded as for the geographic entities should be established through authoritative. the SACO Program as subjects, tagged 151, usually with a geographic qualifier. Now headings may also be established Some of the Native American name headings originally as needed for main or added entries for the corporate entities established as corporate body headings will need to be in the name authority file, tagged 110, with the qualifier revised to conform to the authoritative heading. Also, many (Agency). headings for subordinate and related Indian government agencies will need to be revised, as they are now to be About 50 existing name headings for national parks and established according to AACR 24.17-18, the rules for forests will need to be revised with the qualifier “(Agency),” subordinate governmental bodies. Even when the heading and will be retagged as “110.” If necessary, a parallel subject for a directly entered subordinate Indian government agency heading will be created, tagged 151 with a geographic remains the same, cross references from the name of the qualifier. agency as subordinate to the name of the tribe will result in many changes to the name authority records. The Library of LCRI 24.1 and other relevant documentation in the Subject Congress will be undertaking a special project to change the Cataloging Manual: Subject Headings will be revised. existing headings to conform to the new practice, and will (CPSO memo at http://www.loc.gov/catdir/cpso/parks2.html; be revising all relevant documentation. The original list of NACO trainers’ notes on Parks, forests, etc., Aug. 2005) headings published Dec. 5, 2003, entitled: Indian Entities Recognized and Eligible to Receive Services from the United Proposed Changes to the LCRIs States Bureau of Indian Affairs is available on the CPSO 1. Retention of Initial Diacritical Marks on Capital Letters website at http://www.loc.gov/catdir/cpso/biaind.html. It is in French, Spanish, and Portuguese important to note that this practice applies only to entities recognized by the Bureau of Indian Affairs. For Canadian LCRI 1.0G (dating from 1982) instructs us not to transcribe First Nations, new entities will be established as corporate or add accent marks over letters that are transcribed in names per the practice of Library and Archives Canada [LAC] their capitalized form, including name headings, in any (NACO trainers’ notes, rev. Aug. 2005). manifestations published after 1801 in the above languages. This policy was originally in alignment with the policy of Several records have already been updated in the name the National Library of Canada (now known as Library and authority file. A good example of a changed heading for a Archives Canada, or “LAC”). LAC has changed its policy subordinate Indian government agency called for by the new with regard to French language manifestations, and requested policy is n 86054516 (only 1xx & 4xx shown here): LC to conform to that change. CPSO is proposing to cancel 110 1 Nez Perce Tribe of Idaho. $b Tribal Executive this LCRI, and to allow catalogers to add these diacritics when Committee they are absent, based on their knowledge of the language 410 1 Nez Perce Tribal Executive Committee $w nne (AACR2 1.0G and 22.1D). The deadline for comments was [former form of heading] August 12, 2005. Up to now [August 26, 2005], no further action has been taken by CPSO. I’m strongly in favor of For the above heading, subordinate entry is now required as this LCRI being cancelled, and AACR2 be followed instead, per AACR 24.18 type 6, “A legislative body”. (Under earlier both from the point of view of the user, and from a personal policy, the rules for entry of subordinate non-governmental viewpoint as someone who creates name authority records for bodies would apply: AACR 24.13-14, and “Nez Perce Tribal names in these languages. CPSO’s proposal is given in full Executive Committee” would have been entered directly). at http://www.loc.gov/catdir/cpso/accents.html; last updated July 14, 2005; viewed Aug. 26, 2005. When the resource being cataloged has as its subject a Native American reservation as a geographic entity, not a 2. Draft Revision of LCRI 26.3B-C on See Also tribal entity, subject cataloging conventions will apply, and References these place names will continue to be established as subject headings through the Subject Authority Cooperative Program In mid May 2005, CPSO issued a draft revision of this LCRI, [SACO], also tagged 151. modernizing the terminology of the LCRI, restating current policy in several areas, and offering two new changes in The CPSO memo is available at http://www.loc.gov/catdir/ policy. As of late August 2005, the proposed changes have cpso/tribes.html (last updated May 15, 2005; viewed Aug. not been incorporated into the Cataloger’s Desktop. The most 26, 2005). significant changes are the following: 2. Implementation of Two-Heading Policy for Government- a. Modernization of language of the RI: Phrases such Designated Parks, Forests, etc. as “machine readable,” or “automated authority file,”
Page 8 Technical Services Law Librarian, Vol. 31, No. 1 and “search also under” have been eliminated from the are not to be revised to add either birth or death dates, or both, LCRI. except in the case of avoiding conflict with a heading which otherwise would be identical. (Usually the information is b. Earlier/later references for conference names: added to a “670” note on the authority record, but the heading Catalogers are no longer required to automatically make remains the same). A major reason for this policy is to avoid see also references for every earlier and later name of unnecessary database maintenance, maintenance which a conference. “This guidance eliminates the need to would be fairly onerous for any libraries not subscribing make “one-way” see also references that file together to an automated authority updating service, or for libraries and provide a cluttered display with little additional with OPACs lacking global update capability. Also, authority access.” records are not indeed to be detailed biographical accounts. c. Elimination of one-way see also references for heads However, patrons and sometimes public services staff are of states: The unrevised LCRI calls for a corporate often puzzled when they see authority records for famous name see also reference (MARC 510) to be made persons who have died, but who remain “bibliographically on the personal name record for the head of state in undead,” for example: John Paul II, Pope, 1920- his official capacity (e.g., on the authority record for A lively debate ensued on various discussion lists on the pros Clinton, George, $d 1739-1812 (n 86125388), a see also and cons of the intended change in policy. It was also discussed reference is given for: New York (State). $b Governor at our TS-SIS Cataloging and Classification Roundtable (1777-1795 : Clinton). But the current practice is not meeting on July 21, 2005. CPSO intends to make a change to add a reciprocal see also reference on the record for in policy, and will be issuing an announcement and posting the corporate heading to the personal heading. (e.g., a summary of the earlier discussions and their analysis, once the record for: New York (State). $b Governor (1777- they determine what the revisions should be. It will then be 1795 : Clinton) (n 86125389) does not have a personal posted “for a 30-day comment period with implementation name see also reference (MARC 500) for: Clinton, of the new policies to follow shortly thereafter.” View the George, $d 1739-1812. The draft LCRI now instructs posting at http://www.loc.gov/catdir/cpso/pndates.html last us to create reciprocal see also references to connect updated Aug. 8, 2005; viewed Aug. 26, 2005. headings for heads of state, ecclesiastical officials, etc., to the corresponding official heading. Functional Requirements for Authority Records I’m in favor of this revision, as it normalizes the On July 29, 2005, the IFLA Working Group on Functional practices for heads of state, and should also assist Requirements and Numbering of Authority Records released users of the catalog. Full text of the draft LCRI with a draft of Functional Requirements for Authority Records explanatory memorandum may be found at http://www. [FRAR] for worldwide review, both in English and French. loc.gov/catdir/cpso/26_3bc.html; last updated May 17, FRAR is the authorities’ counterpart of IFLA’s Functional 2005; viewed Aug. 25, 2005). Requirements for Bibliographic Records [FRBR]. The review 3. Addition of Dates to Existing Personal Name Headings period is through October 28, 2005. Integration with FRAR, like FRBR, will be essential for the future implementation Shortly before the AALL Annual Meeting in San Antonio, of the International Cataloguing Code and RDA: Resource CPSO posted a proposal allowing the addition of all dates Description and Access (formerly titled AACR3). FRAR is (especially death dates) to all pre-existing personal name available at http://www.ifla.org/VII/d4/wg-franar.htm (last headings which lack them. Under existing policy, headings updated July 27, 2005; viewed Aug. 26, 2005).
RSS: Blogs, Readers, Feeds and New The Internet Acquisitions Lists Stephanie Schmitt Yale Law School
These few words initiate my first Internet column for the not be sure are worth their attention. The tools we use to sort, Technical Services Law Librarian. I am delighted with the filter and control information are numerous, but even they can opportunity to focus periodically on the multifaceted nature become overwhelming and difficult to use, especially when of evolving technologies. Inspired by previous Internet there are more options than time to explore and experiment. columns, I send kudos to Kevin Butterfield for enlightening There are several current tools that are remarkably adaptable us with his many insights on this topic for the past several to meet information control needs. They are not burdensome years. and can become a pleasure to use. I intend to explore many of them along with other relevant topics in this column. Managing information is a challenge and many librarians are inundated with swarms of data about things that they may Very few of us have time to maintain professional awareness
Technical Services Law Librarian, September, 2005 Page 9 on every topic, standard, and tool on the market. We do RSS readers are tools that manage your subscriptions to RSS our best to follow what someone mentioned in an article feeds and display the information from the feeds to you, often or program about a new standard or protocol or software in categories that you set up yourself for better organization. tool that would be beneficial in the library environment. Whether you create an account with an online RSS reader Often our knowledge remains at the level of curiosity or download software to install a local application on your rather than mastery and too little knowledge ends up further computer, by using an RSS reader you may subscribe to a frustrating our understanding and ability to apply the things feed and read and store the gathered information at your we learn. Many librarians have decided to channel their leisure. Many readers also provide a database of blog feeds focus into publicly available resources such as blogs and whereby you may search for and locate information specific social bookmark collections (like Furl http://www.furl.net to your subject needs. Bloglines http://www.bloglines.com/ and De.licio.us http://del.icio.us/ and into a blending of and My Yahoo! http://my.yahoo.com/s/rss-faq.html are two these two types of resources in the form of linkblogs. These of the most popular RSS readers. The Wikipedia has a list of services may be subscribed to and monitored in a manner online aggregators (readers) available at http://en.wikipedia. that promotes organized thought and structure using Real org/wiki/List_of_news_aggregators Simple Syndication: RSS. Regarding feeds, in the RSS protocol, metatags (or labels) Blogs are a significant part of the information world. are assigned to information data so that tools and applications According to PubSub http://www.pubsub.com/ they monitor may interpret the data. Here is an example of the RSS feed 14.7 million blogs, with over 10 million of them declared from the header information of the Lessig Blog http://www. active. There is a blog for most topics with a growing number lessig.org/blog/index.xml slightly edited for simplicity: of them specifically dealing with aspects of our work as technical services law librarians.
Page 10 Technical Services Law Librarian, Vol. 31, No. 1 of contents journal feeds, litigation coverage, job postings, edu/rss4lib/ and Law Lib Tech http://www.lawlibtech.com/ new acquisitions, new electronic resources, personnel news, which has an excellent series of tutorials on RSS technology. event publicity, etc. A good example of a practical application You may also find the blog site RSS at Harvard Law http:// of an RSS service is found at The University of Louisville blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss useful. In addition, ask your Libraries where they have been providing RSS feeds for library system vendor about integrated RSS feeds sent out their new acquisitions lists since 2003 http://www.library. to your patrons directly from your ILS catalog. This is the louisville.edu/users/mopurc01/rss/index.asp The technology next big thing for OPACs. is spreading and it is having a great impact on how we provide and organize information and use the Internet. Recommended Reading: Syndicating Web Sites with RSS Feeds For Dummies If this topic has piqued your interest, check out these three ® (Paperback) (2005) by Ellen Finkelstein. ISBN: blogs: RSS in Government http://www.rssgov.com/ RSS4LIB: 0764588486 Innovative Ways Libraries Use RSS http://blogs.fletcher.tufts.
MARC Remarks George A. Prager New York University Law School Library
during the two sets of meetings. Most few non-standard Unicode characters I am very pleased to have been selected of the 2005 proposals involved changes in MARC21 records. The motion as the new AALL Representative to to the bibliographic formats, although passed unanimously. In addition, it was MARBI, and thus the new MARC one involved the classification format, noted that the Library of Congress has REMARKS columnist. I commend and one involved the holdings format. created a “Unicode-MARC” electronic the work of my excellent predecessor, The lone discussion paper resulted discussion list (marc-unicode@loc. Karen Selden. I will do my best in this in a formal proposal for the addition gov), which is devoted to the technical position. of subfields for relator terms/codes aspects of implementing Unicode in for subject access to images in the MARC21 records. For the next few issues of TSLL, I bibliographic format, which was passed will be wearing two hats, as I am also with some revisions. One of the two The other Library of Congress report finishing my term as the Description and proposals that failed to pass proposed addressed another continuing topic Entry columnist. I have already enlisted defining a new subfield for non-unique of discussion, which is the impact of the assistance of an able colleague to be or non-applicable ISBNs or LCCNs FRBR on the MARC 21 bibliographic, a “guest co-columnist” for at least one in fields 020 and 010, respectively. authority, and holdings formats. Other other issue, and I have others in mind Instead of defining this new subfield, business included the decision of the to assist me with the remainder. So, I the committee asked the Library of MARBI Chair to create a MARBI Task hope not to slight either column at the Congress to refine the definition of Force to review and make comments expense of the other! subfield z for these fields to include on the forthcoming drafts of RDA: these types of ISBNs and LCCNs. Resource Description and Access Please let me know if you have any (the cataloging rules revision formerly concerns, ideas, etc., which I should Adoption of the Unicode character set known as AACR3). A joint meeting bring up at the next MARBI meeting in MARC 21 continues to be a topic of of CC:DA (ALA’s Committee on (ALA Midwinter 2006). That’s it for discussion. The Unicode character set Cataloging: Description and Access) now. is of particular interest to law librarians and MARBI to address the potential ALA/ALCTA/LITA/RUSA because the section (§) and paragraph MARC21 implications of RDA will Machine-Readable Bibliographic (¶) symbols are available in Unicode, be scheduled during a future ALA Information Committee but not in MARC-8, which is the conference. current character set used in MARC Karen Selden Of interest to all catalogers is the University of Colorado 21 records. Many technical issues remain to be resolved in the transition announcement that the Automation The January 2005 and June 2005 from the use of the MARC-8 character Vendor Information Advisory MARBI meetings continued the trend of set to the use of Unicode. One of the Committee (AVIAC) plans to submit fewer proposals and discussion papers Library of Congress reports addressed a proposal to MARBI in January 2006 than normal. A total of nine proposals, some of these issues, and resulted in for the creation of a separate subfield one discussion paper, and two Library a motion to disallow the use of the for 13 digit ISBNs in the 020 field of of Congress reports were presented bibliographic records.
Technical Services Law Librarian, September, 2005 Page 11 OCLC OCLC Committee Report Pam Deemer Emory University Hugh F. MacMillan Law Library
At the OBS SIS OCLC Committee’s date in November) and beyond, resources. One argument was, since AALL meeting in San Antonio, will contain drop down lists for the resources are not physical and they OCLC’s Bob Van Volkenburg’s update fixed field elements, extraction of can’t be borrowed, why bother? This engaged the attention of those of us metadata from websites, population argument was countered with the fact who had decided to attend, despite the of fields from other records, Unicode that, while records for free databases allure of the San Antonio Riverwalk’s export, and ISBN-13 handling. may not need holdings posted, many sights, food, and margaritas. Mr. Van online resources may be viewed only Volkenburg gave us a Connexion update More Connexion information may in particular libraries because of fees and view of OCLC’s cataloging future be found at http://www.oclc.org/ and contracts. People may want to directions. In addition, he fielded some connexion/default.htm. go to those particular libraries to use pointed questions. Browser and/or client tutorials are at the resources. Based on the holdings display, a small library can advise going Mr. Van Volkenburg first noted that the http://www.oclc.org/support/training/ connexion. to a larger library which could afford the major OCLC accomplishment was the subscription fee for a particular database retirement of Passport and CATME Connexion documentation may be found with a limited subscription use. in June and the completion of the at http://www.oclc.org/connexion/ migration to Connexion. Other June support/default.htm. Touching upon new formats caused activities included: fixing and adding the most pointed criticism as law final actions to the Connexion Client; Mr. Van Volkenburg described the future librarians have been waiting for several records with dual interfaces for CKJ cataloging environment as consisting of years for the implementation of type and Arabic (script and Romanization fewer catalogers, reduced budgets, little “i” for integrating resources, and no appear on the same record); validation, growth in print materials acquisitions, movement of OCLC has been seen for editing capabilities, and replace in and increasing e-resources. He also its implementation, despite the approval Connexion; WebDewey/Abridged stated that OCLC hoped to deliver by MARBI of adding “i” near the start WebDewey; and Z39.50 cataloging. more, automatically, by partnering with of the millennium. Mr. Van Volkenburg major material providers and building could not give us any satisfaction on any He showed slides of examples of other on the success of PromptCat and sort of date or discussions at OCLC. developments available now or in the Cataloging Partners, pushing cataloging Talks with ILS vendors are crucial, but works: further into ordering, and exploring he did not seem to know whether OCLC 1. Web-based Connexion statistics RFID and other technologies. He had conferred with any particular ones. are now available at no charge at added that OCLC was growing globally We were emphatic that integrating http://www.stats.oclc.org/cusp/nav by having records with non-Roman resources were a major part of law scripts and multilingual interfaces. collections and that using type “m” for 2. Version 1.40 of the Connexion client Adding Unicode and XML export is monographs and 006s to catalog them is now available and contains spell upcoming. was a clumsy way of handling them. checking (with three dictionaries, one each U.S. English, Canadian When he began to discuss metadata An updated list of quick references is English and British English), offline for e-content, the librarians became the available from OCLC, for products validation, local file sorting, local most vocal. The OCLC pilot project ranging from FirstSearch to Connexion. accessions listing, batch searching underway to work with commercial These quick references are all available and processing enhancements, providers and libraries, OCLC’s in HTML and/or PDF format on the access to WebDewey, access to development of automated metadata OCLC Web site, http://www.oclc.org/ OCLC usage statistics, Chinese generation, and OCLC’s investigation default.htm. You may also request a (simplified and traditional) and of appropriate views of WorldCat no-charge copy of any quick reference Japanese interfaces, support for didn’t cause as much comment as did on the list by sending an e-mail to Hebrew, Cyrillic, and Greek script the question of inputting holdings on [email protected]. cataloging, and access to the Chinese online resources and the support of new formats. The National Library of Education in name authority file. Copenhagen, Denmark contributed the 3. U p c o m i n g e n h a n c e m e n t s , The librarians made arguments for and 61,000,000th record to WorldCat on July Connexion client 1.5 (release against holdings attachment on online 16, 2005.
Page 12 Technical Services Law Librarian, Vol. 31, No. 1 Preservation
A Missed Opportunity, But … Sally Wambold University of Richmond Law Library
Inputting the simple search “book Preservation and Conservation address is http://www.lib.uiowa.edu/ preservation” in Google led me to “The Librarian. Southeastern law librarians book2005. Changing Book,” a website describing are probably familiar with the speaker a 4-day program held July 22-25, 2005 Don Etherington who is President of Why am I torturing myself and in Iowa City. It would have been a the Etherington Conservation Center in describing a meeting to you that I could fabulous way to follow the San Antonio North Carolina. A representative to the not attend? There are several reasons. AALL Annual Meeting. As luck would program from Virginia is Christopher The Changing Book website contains have it, I made this serendipitous Clarkson who teaches in the Rare Book brief bios of the speakers. These discovery about two weeks after the School at the University of Virginia bios are fascinating, and they might program was over! “The Changing and who is also working independently provide resource people and institutions Book” was held at the University of in Oxford. Mr. Clarkson worked to where we might go for answers to our Iowa, where one of our leading law salvage books damaged in the flood preservation questions. Maybe Iowa libraries is located. Co-sponsors of in Florence in 1966. Also, the Head will do this again and some of us will the meeting included the University of the Preservation Department at be able to go! Our consciousness is of Iowa Libraries, the Library Binding Yale University Library, the Chief raised now. We might not miss the next Service, Preservation Technologies, Conservator for Special Collections program. Also, I called Iowa and talked the University of Iowa Center for the in the Harvard University Libraries, with one of the people who organized Book, and the State Historical Society and the Assistant Director for Access the program. A book or CD-ROM is of Iowa. Additional support came from & Preservation at the Michigan State forthcoming so that the proceedings the Iowa Conservation and Preservation University Libraries were on the will be documented. I made another Consortium, Library Binding Institute, program. (You see why I wished I had call to the person who will actually Etherington Conservation Services/ found this site in May!!!) Intriguing oversee the proceedings. Depending on LexiconDS, Metal Edge, Inc., and the titles filled the program: “The Book when I hear from her, the information Heckman Bindery. and Equivalents,” “E-miles to Go and about the proceedings might be in the Promises to Keep,” “The Kennicott next column or in a message on the OBS Over 20 speakers were on the program. Bible: A Description of its Illumination and TS discussion lists. Mary Lynn Ritzenthaler, Chief of the and Conservation Problems” tantalize Finally, I would welcome notice of Document Conservation Laboratory us further. Add to this the tent show at the National Archives and Records future preservation events so that I with poster sessions and demonstrations could put them in my column. All of Administration, was one of the keynote and vendor displays. And that is not all; speakers. The other keynote speaker us, I believe, do not want the “big ones” there were printing tours, book store to get away! was John Dean, Cornell University’s tours, bindery tours … The website
Private Law Libraries Your Key to a Successful Donna Rosinski-Kauz Automated System Cassidy Cataloguing Services, Inc.
The most important tool you have when You may ask, “What does that mean The MARC load table controls the you are developing an automated library to me?” It means that you still need to placement of information taken from system is your MARC load table. Know develop a thorough understanding of MARC records as they enter your it, love it, and it will take care of you. MARC21 coding to get your catalog library system. If you purchase MARC Today’s automated library systems look records to look and function properly. records from a vendor, or have an easier to use than their predecessors, The fact that your new library system output file of your MARC records from but they still use MARC records (or looks easier to use does not necessarily a previous system, you will need to should!) as the building blocks to create mean that the underpinnings are any load the records into your new library your bibliographic records. less complicated than they were in system. To load the records properly, previously released products. you have to configure the library
Technical Services Law Librarian, September, 2005 Page 13 software product’s MARC load table. you need to discuss with your library load table requirements. Their “out-of- Make sure your library software vendor automation software vendor, such the-box” MARC load table might be explains the MARC load table in the as branch library locations, satellite sufficient for loading your data, but you new product so that you understand locations and sub-locations within the will find it much less painful to set the what it is and how to change it. If the main library collection, as well as call table up properly before the load than vendor does not allow you to change it, number prefixes or suffixes. These types to attempt to fix problems after records make sure you have a contact person on of information are handled differently have been loaded. Asking vendors to the vendor’s staff that can make changes from one library automation system to speak directly to each other on your for you. Different vendors set up the the next. library’s behalf is frequently effective, MARC load table differently, so make if you feel that you have not been able certain your vendor explains how your Ask your vendor to tell you what to convey pieces of information to and data are loaded and how to change the you need to know about the process from your vendors. MARC records and information if the current set-up does of setting up your automated library MARC load tables are powerful tools, not suit your library’s needs. system in general, and your MARC load best used by those in the know. table in particular. Do not wait for them Be aware of localized information that to ask you about your specific MARC
Special Guest Author Research & Publications OBS-SIS & TS-SIS Research Patricia A. Satzer Schoenecker Law Library Roundtable Report University of St. Thomas
Chris Long called the meeting to order collection. They became interested in a After Martens’ presentation, Long noted at approximately 11:45 on July 19, more thesaurus-style subject approach. that smaller projects are now receiving 2005. After a round of introductions, They wanted to use LCSH whenever AALL/Aspen grants as well as larger Long introduced the guest speaker, possible, but recognized the need projects. He provided the URL for Monica Martens, from the National to represent different subject terms people wanting to read about the AALL/ Indian Law Library (NILL) located in reflecting common usage within Indian Aspen grants: http://www.aallnet. Boulder, Colorado. Martens and her law materials; such as using “Elders” org/about/aspen_grant_application. colleagues at NILL received an AALL/ instead of LCSH’s “Older people,” or asp. He also mentioned the Joint Aspen Research Grant to improve using “Sovereign immunity” instead of Research Grants funded by OB-SIS and subject access and subject authority “Government liability.” TS-SIS and supplied a URL for more control for their collection. information: http://www.aallnet.org/sis/ With funding for such a project being obssis/research/researchinfo.htm. Martens began by providing some problematic, the staff wrote their very first background. In 1972, the Native grant application, for an AALL/Aspen Next on the agenda was discussion American Rights Fund (NARF) received Publishers Grant. Martens described the of a Research Mentor Program. Long a grant from the Carnegie Corporation grant application process, including the distributed a handout containing a list of New York to create the library. The need to estimate a budget and develop of the “Top Ten Mentoring Myths” and NILL is a public law library, devoted a timeline. The staff evaluated software another list of “Ten Tips for Effective to collecting federal Indian and tribal packages, eventually deciding to use Mentoring.” Long encouraged people law. The library is staffed with two standard word processing software. to become mentors, since there are librarians and a handful of technicians. They decided to incorporate the use always more people wanting mentors Martens performs the technical services of consultants, both attorneys and than people willing to be mentors. Ellen functions for the library. She said that catalogers, to help brainstorm terms for McGrath and Chris Long will serve as in the past, catalogers used two sources the thesaurus. Retrospective conversion coordinators for the mentor program. of controlled vocabulary for subject of existing subject headings is currently authority control: a locally developed in progress. Martens emphasized the Following the mentor program list of subject headings, and LC subject “learn as you go” nature of the project. discussion, people were invited to headings. Assigning subject headings She noted the grant had a number of share their research tips and tricks, based on the two vocabularies led to requirements, including submission of including: inconsistent application over time as mid-year and final reports, submission 1. Dust off old school papers, update the library policies changed. In the late of an article for Law Library Journal, research, and publish them. 1990s, the staff decided to re-evaluate as well as a presentation to disseminate 2. Circulate your article to 6-8 people how to provide subject access to the information about the project. for comment.
Page 14 Technical Services Law Librarian, Vol. 31, No. 1 3. Step back from any criticism, and to persuade your tenure committee to At the conclusion of the meeting, Long then re-evaluate your paper. accept an article published in a non-peer announced that he will be turning over 4. Read outside of your profession for reviewed publication, like Law Library responsibility for writing the Research ideas. Journal, as fulfillment of the tenure & Publications column in Technical 5. Your article does not need to address criteria? Perhaps the answer is to argue Services Law Librarian next year. If a big philosophical issue. Look at what that it is the most prestigious journal you’re interested in becoming the next you do on a daily basis; many published of the profession. Another attendee columnist, contact Brian Striman. The articles rely on the “how we do it here” commented that every institution has last piece of business was the door theme. its own culture, and that it would be a prize drawing. Sarah Yates (from the good idea to talk to people within the University of Minnesota) won a copy Someone brought up the need to publish organization to find out more about of Walt Crawford’s book First Have in “peer reviewed” journals to satisfy what would be considered acceptable. Something to Say: Writing for the tenure requirements. What can you do Library Profession. Serials
Christina Tarr Margaret McDonald University of California, Berkeley University of San Diego
Court news (San Francisco, Calif.) Seton Hall journal of diplomacy and The following serial title changes were Dec. 1990/Jan. 1991-Jan. 2005 international relations recently identified by the University (OCoLC) 22974379 Vol. 1, no. 1 (summer/fall 2000)-v. 5, of San Diego Legal Research Center Changed to: no. 2 (summer/fall 2004) serials staff and the University of California courts review (OCoLC) 45880520 California, Berkeley Law Library Summer 2005- Changed to: cataloging staff: (OCoLC) 60385597 The Whitehead journal of diplomacy and international relations Berkeley women’s law journal Harvard women’s law journal Vol. 6, no. 1 (winter/spring 2005)- Vol. 1, no. 1 (fall 1985)-v. 19, no. 2 Vol. 1 (1978)-v. 27 (spring 2004) (OCoLC) 60491430 (2004) (OCoLC) 3967304 (OCoLC 11830558) Changed to: The following serial cessations were Changed to: Harvard journal of law & gender identified by the University of San Berkeley journal of gender, law & Vol. 28, no. 1 (winter 2005)- Diego Legal Research Center serials justice (OCoLC) 58798085 staff and the University of California, Vol. 20 (2005)- International journal of biosciences Berkeley Law Library acquisitions (OCoLC) 61146694 and the law staff: Vol. 1, no. 1 (1996)-v. 2, no. 1 (2000) The Catholic lawyer (OCoLC) 35124732 World press review Vol. 1, no. 1 (Jan. 1955)-v. 43, no. 2 Changed to: Print version ceased with: v. 51, no. (fall 2004) Law, science and policy 5 (May 2004) (OCoLC) 1553559 Vol. 2, nos. 2, 3 (2004)- (OCoLC) 5701324 Changed to: (OCoLC) 56503304 Subsequently issued as articles on web Journal of Catholic legal studies site, http://www.worldpress.org, see Vol. 44, no. 1 (2005)- World press review online (OCoLC) 60885692 (OCoLC) 56190391
Technical Services Law Librarian, September, 2005 Page 15 Subject Headings The Ten Commandments Aaron Wolfe Kuperman
Are the Ten Commandments an (one in the book of Exodus, the other existence of the BM number means expression of “religion” or of “law?” in Deuteronomy, both of which are 430 that there is a number at KBM520.75 Recently the Supreme Court of the references to the established heading) for the Ten commandments and Jewish United States attempted to decide which the most pious attribute to a (i.e., Biblical) law. While LC brackets whether the placement of monuments single author writing almost 40 years KBM520.75, most law libraries should containing the Ten Commandments apart, and many scholars attribute to probably regard the bracketed parts of violated the Constitution of the United multiple authors writing much further KBM as “live.” Thus a “legal” analysis States. The court definitively settled the apart. It also should be remembered of the Ten commandments probably matter by deciding that sometimes they that the original is in Hebrew, which should class in KBM520.75 with a 630 do and sometimes they don’t. over time was translated into Aramaic, first heading, and probably a 650 for Greek, Latin and then English, and Jewish law, and perhaps a non-legal Catalogers face a similar problem. If that some substantive differences have 650 for Law–Biblical teaching (in part we look at the Ten Commandments developed, including in the numbering. to pacify the theology librarians). as religion, they class in B (theology) These however are descriptive and you’ll frequently see subdivisions cataloging problems, so I’ll ignore If a book is on the influence of the such as –Religious aspects or –Biblical them (I will take all common English Ten commandments on a modern teaching or the 630 heading Ten editions into account, and refrain from legal system, the first heading and Commandments subdivided by a topical dealing with the subject heading Ten classification should be for the subfield x. You will frequently see Commandments–Numerical division). modern legal system, with the Ten headings for specific religious groups, Commandments as a not-first heading, but rarely see a geographic subdivision There are currently four possible places e.g., KF358 (the number for foreign for a jurisdiction. If we decide that to classify the Ten Commandments as influence on American law, which is the something should class in K, regardless a group. They can class in BS1281- place for how Jewish, Christian, Roman, of whether it ends up in the new and 1285.6 as a special part of the Pentateuch or any other laws have influenced evolving KB class (with qualifiers (classified under Deuteronomy with a American law), indicating the book is for Canon, Islamic or Jewish law) cross reference from Exodus). They first of all on the system influenced, or in our familiar law of the country can class in BV4655-4710 in a section and secondarily on the source of the schedules (all of K other than KB), it of the schedule for “Practical religion. influence. gets traditional legal subject analysis. In Christian life” under a caption for many libraries, a decision as to whether “Precepts from the Decalogue. Ten The Commandments: Treated a book is “law” or “religion” determines Commandments” which has a reference Individually if it goes to the theology collection or to BM520.75, the number for the Ten The Ten Commandments open with the law library collection. commandments in Judaism. In other a statement of jurisdiction not unlike words, in B, one can treat them as a part The Ten Commandments are established those found in modern statutes and of the Bible, or as an aspect of either regulations. The one issuing the statute in the Name Authority File as a 130 Judaism or Christianity. (uniform title), meaning that as a (as in “We the people of the United subject heading they would be a 630. Remember that “Biblical law” is a UF States . . . ” or “Elizabeth II, by the grace At one point in the past they were also leading to the subject heading Jewish of . . . ” followed by endless titles) states established in LCSH. In accordance law, though perhaps a subdivision should their authority. An even closer fit would with a blatant (authorized) deviation be established to distinguish Jewish law be an administrative regulation in which from standard descriptive cataloging in ancient times from modern Jewish the bureaucrat making the regulation principles, they are established in law (an idea CPSO rejected). Also recites the authority and rationale the NAF based on English-language don’t forget that all BM numbers under for the regulation, before getting reference sources (the way subject 524 can also be KBM numbers (LC into the details. The subject heading catalogers do things) rather than based doesn’t use them as KBM, but unlike Jurisdiction has been established with a on the form in the original language LC most law libraries don’t also have qualifier for Canon law, and presumably (much to the annoyance of Hebraica Judaica collections). All this involves could therefore be established with any catalogers, but probably no one else). is taking the “BM” of the classification available qualifiers. It will probably It should be remembered that there are of any book that classifies in BM1-524 class with the legal system being two versions of the Ten Commandments and changing it into “KBM.” The discussed (in KB).
Page 16 Technical Services Law Librarian, Vol. 31, No. 1 The first substantive commandment is a swearing (in vain) and Blasphemy. in BM. However there is a number prohibition of disbelief. The closest fit Plain old cussing doesn’t class in K. for Sunday in KBU3244, and several in our vocabulary would be the subject The subject heading Swearing has places for the Jewish Sabbath in KBM heading for the crime of Heresy, which places in GT (manners and customs), (equivalent to where the civil law doesn’t take geographic subdivision BJ (ethics) and BV (moral theology). schedules have numbers for blue laws). (though this is probably a mistake). However if you get carried away with In deciding between B and KB, there is There are numbers for it in British and it, you could end up being prosecuted some deliberate flexibility which can French law. There are numbers in Jewish for the crime of Blasphemy, which be exploited to get the book in a place and Canon law (the former occupying a classes in K (e.g., K5305). Blasphemy where one’s users might expect to find place taken by treason in the civil law prosecutions rarely occur in the United it, depending on the focus of the book schedules that KBM was derived from). States (serious Blasphemy is protected and the needs of the users. Most books on the subject have classed by the First Amendment; swearing in B. In the United States, Heresy is no enough to get you arrested probably However, there’s no rest in classifying longer a crime punished by the state, results in a secular charge such as the laws pertaining to the day of but in any country in which belief in disturbing the peace). There is a subject rest. Sabbath legislation and Sunday the state religion is a requirement of heading for Trials (Blasphemy). legislation should always class in the good citizenship, a heretic’s loyalty is law of the country (e.g., KF2009). Once suspect. When Heresy is punished by While both Blasphemy and Heresy are the Sabbath legislation is enforced by for all practical purposes decriminalized the government (i.e., you obey the law the government, books on the “crime” st and the trials class in K by law of the in the United States in the 21 century, or big guy with stick comes around to country. When Heresy is considered they were a factor in our legal system make you obey-assuming the guy with solely from the perspective of religious (one role they played was to exclude stick is authorized by the government legal systems, it classes in KB. If it is religious minorities from certain to enforce this law rather than being discussed from a purely theological colonies - belief in a religion other a pious but extralegal vigilante), it perspective, it classes in B. Consider the than the approved one could lead to classes with law of the country. If the Spanish Inquisition of the 16th century: prosecution). In some countries of the only penalty is ostracism and perhaps the alleged heretic was investigated by world today, legal prohibitions against damnation, then you are forced to a church agency (in KBR) and turned both offenses are enforced. Arguably decide between B and KB. these are variants of our concept of over to a government court for trial and The next commandment poses punishment (in KKT). Witchcraft is political correctness, though the latter does not have a legal heading. No, I’m a descriptive problem: the original in many ways a variant of Heresy (the Hebrew prohibits Murder whereas some “crime” had a lot to do with questioning not suggesting establishing Political correctness–Law and legislation– English translations prohibit “killing” accepted norms and not much to do with (LCSH: Homicide). For both headings broomsticks or casting spells), and there Criminal provisions, at least until someone writes a book on the subject. there are forms with the subdivision is a substantial place for it in BF (for the –Religious aspects, and qualifiers for “how-to books” among other things), The next commandment deals with various legal systems. but there is a place for it under the law respecting parents. The subject heading of the country (such as KFM2478.8.W5 is Ten commandments–Parents, with an Murder is listed in a list of miscellaneous for witchcraft trials in Massachusetts, NT from Filial piety, Obedience and topics in BM, and among a list of sins which has several dozen records in Parent and child, all with the illegal in BV4627.M8 (practical theology) the LC database). Not accepting the subdivision –Biblical teaching. This albeit with very few books on the “sin” supremacy of the deity and accepted probably classes in B, unless of course of murder. There is also a number for religious beliefs can get you classed in it becomes enforceable, such as when a “religion and homicide” in BL. Of K, and not necessarily in KB, especially child is required to support an indigent course, most books on murder, including if you end up being the subject of Trials parent, or pay a parent’s debts, which famous cases, famous murderers, “how (Heresy) or Trials (Witchcraft). classes in K, and becomes Parent and to” books, etc. class in the criminology Child (Law). area of HV. KBM and KBP have ranges The prohibition of graven images is for homicide and murder similar to the similarly related. This will usually class The next commandment deals with civil law schedules. Canon law has in B or N (for its impact on art). It might the Sabbath. To a religion cataloger, no number for “murder” but has one end up in a K (as art and law) number who puts things in B, this is Sabbath– for “Delictum homicidii” (KBR/KBU in a situation where the prohibition of Biblical teaching (note that Sabbath is 3755+). While killing people can graven images of the deity is combined defined as Saturday, which is a RT to class in B, it rarely does. Most books with the belief that man is created in the Sunday), or perhaps Sunday–Biblical are criminological or legal, and if legal deity’s image, leading to a prohibition teaching. The captions for the Christian class with the law of the country. of human images. Sabbath are primarily in BV107+, while Sabbath (Jewish law) has a place The prohibition of stealing (note that The next substantive issue involves some sources regard this as referring to
Technical Services Law Librarian, September, 2005 Page 17 kidnapping people, e.g., enslavement) though there is a place for it in BV should be a reference from Truthfulness comes next. While Larceny–Biblical (Christian practical religion). The and falsehood–Law and legislation to teaching is a valid heading, and there literature in B on the subject tends to False testimony and Perjury since the is a caption for “stealing” in BV, almost be very similar to what classes in HQ, headings have the same substance albeit all works on the subject class in K. albeit from a religious perspective. One in different contexts. Books classified Most of the ones in B tend to be on might ask about religious literature in K are about Perjury and False repentant thieves, and border on HV that gives set rules governing sexual testimony, and books classified in B (biographies of criminals) rather than behavior. For Jews and Moslems, and (and elsewhere) are about Truthfulness bordering on K. perhaps Catholics, they arguably class and falsehood, even if they are all about in KB, however the exact policy of what lying. Now we get to “you know what.” goes in KB as opposed to B or even HQ Probably because so many euphemisms is still evolving. This leaves open how Ten Commandments–Covetousness are used in this area, confusion is quite to classify “legalistic” (what you should and Avarice–Biblical teaching are the likely. The Biblical prohibition is and should not do) policies of religions least controversial in terms of deciding generally understood to refer to Adultery that don’t have a “legalistic” tradition, whether to classify in B or K. There which depending on source (just check which gets us into the question of is simply no place in class K for such the authority record in LCSH) refers whether a book from a Christian group subjects. A keyword search of the LC to “cheating” by a married person that has no “canon law” tradition should database revealed none of those terms (or perhaps only if a married woman class in KB if the substance of the book in works classed in K (at least in recent is involved), or perhaps refers to any is similar to materials that class in KB year), though a search for “greed” did extramarital sex, which leads us to the if they are from a Catholic, Jewish or pick up a few hits (primarily in books subject heading Fornication, which is Muslim perspective. This is an open about the legal profession). an inherently legal heading for illegal question. If the Supreme Court can Summary heterosexual extramarital sex (note dodge hard questions, why can’t we? that the BT is Sex crimes). The crime Almost all of the Ten Commandments discussed in the Ten Commandments is Ten Commandments–False witnesses can class in K, and most will usually still a crime in many countries, still has is a valid heading. False witness is a class in K. Since they are also important negative legal repercussions even in the UF leading to False testimony (a legal to our colleagues in theology libraries, United States, and might still be a crime way of referring to lying), which is we should probably be sensitive to how under certain conditions in the United related to Perjury (lying while taking they treat them. I would offer advice as States (usually as a lesser included an oath). Lying is a UF to Truthfulness to whether they are “law or religion,” offense in rape cases). and falsehood which classes in a non- but I wouldn’t want to be accused of sectarian portion of BJ as ethics, and While the sociology and practice of sex upstaging the very important court frequently ends up as a heading in (located across the street from the very are in HQ, the law is in K, including religious and other non-legal records, many places in KB. Non-legal works large library where I work) and which and does accept a subdivision for couldn’t quite decide the matter. on Adultery normally classes in HQ806, –Religious aspects. Arguably there TechScans
Corinne Jacox, column editor
Contributing Authors: Marlene assessment project he conducted at The Library of Congress (LC) Bubrick, Elizabeth Geesey Holmes, the University of Michigan-Flint using Bibliographic Enrichment Advisory Yumin Jiang, Ellen McGrath, Andrea the WLN Conspectus software. He Team (BEAT) develops tools to aid Rabbia, Patricia Turpening offered his thoughts on accounting catalogers, reference specialists, and for electronic resources and adapting searchers in creating and locating Acquisitions/Collection numerical formulas to local conditions information. (LC Cataloging Development and particular disciplines. Newsline) Collection Assessment Project Cataloging Directorate Strategic Cataloging Streby, Paul. “The Conspectus: Time Plan for a Comeback?” 17(3) Against the Bibliographic Enrichment Advisory http://www.loc.gov/catdir/stratplan/ Grain (June 2005): 54-58. Team goal4wg4report.pdf The author recounted the collection http://www.loc.gov/catdir/beat/ LC Cataloging Directorate’s Strategic
Page 18 Technical Services Law Librarian, Vol. 31, No. 1 Plan initiatives relating to recommended FRBR card catalogs, this existing metadata can workflows for cataloging electronic http://repositories.cdlib.org/ now be used to provide more in-depth resources. (LC Cataloging Newsline) postprints/715/ information to researchers. To provide “FRBRization: a Method for Turning the best possible quality of metadata, Wikis and WorldCat Online Public Finding Lists into Online technical services departments should http://orweblog.oclc.org/ Public Catalogs,” by Martha M. Yee. be cultivating the best possible quality archives/000676.html (Catalogablog) of catalogers. The author states that Wikis and WorldCat, OCLC’s plan library directors should consider to pilot a mechanism to capture user http://www.frbr.org/ the advantages that can be gained input alongside bibliographic records. The FRBR Blog. (AUTOCAT) by supporting local development of (Lorcan Dempsey’s Weblog) FRBR in 21st Century Catalogues: An metadata. Rich Browsing Invitational Workshop. Dublin, OH: MARC Content Designation http://orweblog.oclc.org/ OCLC, May 2005, at http://www.oclc. Utilization archives/000662.html org/research/events/frbr-workshop/ http://www.mcdu.unt.edu/?p=30 “Rich browsing.” (Lorcan Dempseys’ program.htm. MARC Content Designation Utilization: Weblog) In May 2005, OCLC hosted an Inquiry and Analysis is a two-year invitational workshop on the Functional project that is investigating the extent Joint Steering Committee Meeting Requirements for Bibliographic Records Outcomes of catalogers’ use of MARC 21. (D-Lib (FRBR) and the various methods Magazine) http://www.collectionscanada.ca/jsc/ and techniques of implementing the 0504out.html concepts described in that report within OCLC Terminologies Pilot Outcomes of the meeting of the Joint library catalog systems. This web site http://www.oclc.org/productworks/ Steering Committee held in Chicago, offers PowerPoint slides from nearly all terminologiespilot.htm April 24-28, 2005. (AUTOCAT) of the presenters at that workshop. Web site for the OCLC Terminologies —Reprinted by permission from Pilot. (OCLC-CAT) Prospectus for RDA Current Cites, Volume 16, no. 6, June http://www.collectionscanada.ca/jsc/ 2005 ISBN Standard rdaprospectus.html http://www.managinginformation.com/ Prospectus for RDA: Resource FRANAR news/content_show_full.php?id=3924 Description and Access (new name for http://www.ifla.org/VII/d4/wg-franar. New ISBN standard published. AACR3). (TS-SIS) htm (ResourceShelf) An invitation to worldwide review of RDA Functional Requirements for Authority LexisNexis Taxonomy Program Hicks, Emily. “What’s the buzz about Records (FRAR or FRANAR). http://www.lexisnexis.com/about/ AACR3? There’s a new name (RDA) (ResourceShelf) releases/0802.asp and a new format.” 11(2) TechKNOW LexisNexis launches taxonomy (June 2005), at http://www.library.kent. Metadata and Cataloging Online program. (Peter Scott’s Blog) edu/users/mmaurer/techknow.html. Resources Library Classification Schemes The Joint Steering Committee for the http://www.uwm.edu/~mll/resource. Shirky, Clay. “Ontology is Overrated: Revision of AACR is working on a html Categories, Links, and Tags,” Clay new edition, with the working title “Metadata and Cataloging Online Shirky’s Writings About the Internet of Resource Description and Access Resources: Selected Reference (Spring 2005), at http://shirky.com/ (RDA). The RDA will be a new content Documents, Web Sites, and Articles,” writings/ontology_overrated.html. standard for resource description and compiled by Steven J. Miller. Shirky is not a librarian, but he has a lot to access design for the digital age. It will (Catalogablog) say about library classification schemes. be designed as an online product for use Metadata in Library Catalogs And most of it isn’t complimentary. in a web environment. Some of the new Persing, Bob. “Two Plus Two Equals “One of the biggest problems with special features include organization Five: Why Good Cataloging Adds categorizing things in advance,” he around FRBR, instructions for Value in the Modern Library World,” states, “is that it forces the categorizers recording data presented independently Informed Librarian Online (July 2005), to take on two jobs that have historically of guidelines for data display to provide at http://www.informedlibrarian.com. been quite hard: mind reading, and more flexibility for records used in a The author considers online library fortune telling. It forces categorizers variety of online environments, more catalogs in light of recent technological to guess what their users are thinking, user-friendly layout and formatting, and advances in access to scholarly and to make predictions about the instructions written in “plain” English. information. While originally created future.” Catalogers in particular will Publication is planned for 2008. merely to provide online access to want to come to this piece with as open information previously provided in our a mind as they can muster, and wait
Technical Services Law Librarian, September, 2005 Page 19 on interjecting until reading through Technology Association (LITA) that the confluence of these three the entire piece. Shirky is well worth launched a blog. (ResourceShelf) “opens” provides synergistic benefits reading, because even if you don’t for libraries when used together. For agree, simply thinking through his Top Technology Trends those who want a gentle introduction to points carefully will likely make you http://litablog.org/?cat=6 these “hot” topics, and find the religious think of more possibilities than you The LITA blog also contains the archive fervor of some advocates off-putting, came to this piece with. And that alone for the “top technology trends” which this is the piece to read. is worth the price of admission. merits regular checking, especially —Reprinted by permission from Current —Reprinted by permission from around the time of the ALA midwinter Cites, Volume 16, no. 5, May 2005 Current Cites, Volume 16, no. 5, May and annual conferences. 2005 Legal Guide for Bloggers Special Libraries Association Annual Electronic Frontier Foundation. Legal Conference Blog Government Documents Guide for Bloggers. San Francisco: http://www.infotodayblog.com/ Electronic Frontier Foundation, 2005, Catalog of U.S. Government Check out the Special Libraries at http://www.eff.org/bloggers/lg/. Publications Association Annual Conference blog You’re a blogger, not a journalist or http://www.access.gpo.gov/su_docs/ also. (ResourceShelf) publisher, right? Guess what? You locators/net/index.html NSF Internet Research Agenda have the same legal obligations as the No new records have been added http://www.fcw.com/article89386-06- big guys, but without the specialized to the Catalog of U.S. Government 27-05-Print training and the troop of lawyers to Publications (the Monthly Catalog) since The National Science Foundation back you up. Bonne chance! If you May 13, 2005. During the interim until (NSF) is increasingly focusing on live in the US, you need the Electronic GPO’s new catalog system becomes development of the next-generation Frontier Foundation’s Legal Guide publicly available, the New Electronic Internet. (NISO Newsline) for Bloggers. Of course it “isn’t a Titles (NET) service is continued as substitute for, nor does it constitute, monthly PDF files with links to the CiteSeer legal advice,” but are you really going online titles. (Catalogablog) http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/ to hire a lawyer to vet your blog? announcements.html Bloglines recently announced that it Fugitive Documents Elude CiteSeer is a scientific literature indexes over 500 million blog entries. Preservationists digital library and search engine that That’s a lot of billable hours. So, here’s http://www.fcw.com/article88797-05- focuses primarily on the literature in what the EFF guide offers instead: 09-05 computer and information science. “The Bloggers’ FAQ on Election Law,” “Fugitive Documents Elude (ResourceShelf) “The Bloggers’ FAQ on Intellectual Preservationists” (NISO Newsline) D-Lib Magazine’s Tenth Property,” “The Bloggers’ FAQ on Government Document Brochures Anniversary Labor Law,” “The Bloggers’ FAQ on and Pamphlets http://www.dlib.org/ Online Defamation Law,” “Overview of http://libweb.lib.buffalo.edu/cts/ Tenth anniversary of D-Lib Magazine Legal Liability Issues,” “The Bloggers’ GovDocBP/ and digital libraries celebrated in FAQ on Media Access,” “The Bloggers’ This digital collection contains selected its July/August 2005 issue. (D-Lib FAQ on Privacy,” “The Bloggers’ general interest publications produced Magazine) FAQ on the Reporter’s Privilege,” and by the U.S. Federal Government and “The Bloggers’ FAQ on Section 230 received by the State University of New Open Access, Open Source, and Open Protections.” Since it’s free, it’s way York at Buffalo Libraries through the Standards cheaper than getting a J.D., and it’s Federal Depository Library Program. Corrado, Edward M. “The Importance in plain English. Sure, it looks a bit of Open Access, Open Source, and overwhelming; however, as the EFF Information Technology Open Standards for Libraries,” 42 says: “But here’s the important part: Issues in Science and Technology None of this should stop you from Libraries in the Age of Amazoogle Librarianship (Spring 2005), at http:// blogging. Freedom of speech is the http://www.oclc.org/research/ www.istl.org/05-spring/article2.html. foundation of a functioning democracy, presentations/dempsey/manchester.ppt This is a good summary overview of and Internet bullies shouldn’t use the law “Libraries in the Age of Amazoogle: three important concepts for libraries: to stifle legitimate free expression.” Flattened and Turned Inside Out,” a open access to scholarly and research —Reprinted by permission from presentation by Lorcan Dempsey. Who literature, software for which the Current Cites, Volume 16, no. 6, June can resist that title? (ResourceShelf) source code is available for users to 2005 view and change, and standards that LITA Blog Blogging Tools http://litablog.org/ are developed and shared in a non- proprietary manner. Corrado argues Gardner, Susannah. “Time to Check: The ALA Library & Information Are You Using the Right Blogging
Page 20 Technical Services Law Librarian, Vol. 31, No. 1 Tool?” Online Journalism Review (14 Proquest SerialsSolutions, Swets, NLM’s Turning the Pages July 2005), at http://www.ojr.org/ojr/ and TDNet. ERM features compared http://www.nlm.nih.gov/news/ stories/050714gardner/. include: ERM system availability, turnpages_online05.html Blog we must, but how? And what’s stand-alone or integrated, operating “Have you ever come across a beautiful a trackback, anyway? Try this handy system/platform/interface, pricing old book locked away in a glass case analysis of major blogging software, model, customer base, architecture, in a library and wanted to leaf through complete with a blogging terminology degree of integration with print, data it?” Check out the National Library guide. Not to be missed is the link to maintenance, and compliance with of Medicine’s “Turning the Pages.” the detailed “Blog software comparison DLF (Digital Library Federation) (ResourceShelf) chart.” Before you know it you’ll be guidelines. A good starting point for moblogging and using bookmarklets. ERM comparisons. PREMIS Working Group —Reprinted by permission from http://www.rlg.org/en/page.php?Page_ Current Cites, Volume 16, no. 7, July ISBN-13 ID=20646 2005 Willan, Terry. “ISBN-13: Key Issues PREMIS Working Group publishes for Library Systems.” 17(2) Against the Data Dictionary for Preservation TechKnow Grain (April 2005):30-32. Metadata. (ResourceShelf) http://www.library.kent.edu/ One of several articles on ISBN-13 page/11226 from authors in various sectors of the Future Access to Digital Collections TechKnow’s mirror site for interested publishing and library world featured http://www.niso.org/news/newsline/ non-OLC members (Ohio Library in the April issue. Willan pointed out NISONewsline-Jul2005.html#216608 Council). that libraries will still need 10-digit Future access to library, museum, ISBNs, and listed key issues for library and archive collections could be jeopardized by a failure to address Local Systems systems, including: display, printing, validation of data entry, indexing, digital preservation issues, warns a new SirsiDynix Merger searching, linking, record identification, report from the Museums, Libraries, http://www.sirsi.com/Newsevents/ and matching. and Archives Council (MLA) and the Releases/20050621sirsidynix.html Digital Preservation Coalition (DPC). (NISO Newsline) Sirsi and Dynix announce merger. Management (Smart Libraries) PDF Archival Standard LIBER 34th Annual Conference http://www.niso.org/news/newsline/ PCC Standing Committee on http://orweblog.oclc.org/ NISONewsline-Jun2005.html#Story3 Automation Task Group on Linking archives/000726.html The PDF archival standard, Entries Lorcan Dempsey’s observations Document Management—Electronic http://www.loc.gov/catdir/pcc/archive/ generated by the LIBER 34th Annual Document File Format for Long-term tglnkentr-rpt05.pdf Conference in Groningen. (Lorcan Preservation—Part 1: Use of PDF The PCC Standing Committee on Dempsey’s Weblog) Automation Task Group on Linking 1.4 (PDF/A-1), received unanimous Entries examined the way that various 32 Tips to Inspire Innovation for approval to become an international integrated library systems (ILSs) handle You standard. (NISO Newsline) the display of linking entry information http://www.imakenews.com/ Data Dictionary for Preservation and issued a report. (LC Cataloging sirsi/e_article000423643. Metadata Newsline) cfm?x=b5dRbWJ,b2rpmkgK Data Dictionary for Preservation “32 Tips to Inspire Innovation for You Metadata: Final Report of the PREMIS Electronic Resource Management and Your Library: Part 1” by Stephen Working Group. Dublin, OH: OCLC Systems Abram, Sirsi Corporation Vice President and RLG, May 2005, at http://www. Duranceau, Ellen Finnie. “Electronic of innovation. (ResourceShelf) Resource Management Systems, Part oclc.org/research/projects/pmwg/ II: Offerings from Serials Vendors and premis-final.pdf. Preservation Serial Data Vendors.” 17(3) Against the This data dictionary is the culminating Grain (June 2005): 59-66. UK Web Archiving Consortium deliverable by a large, distinguished, This is part two of Duranceau’s report http://orweblog.oclc.org/ and international group of individuals on Electronic Resource Management archives/000659.html participating in the Preservation (ERM) systems. Part I of her report, The UK Web Archiving Consortium is Metadata: Implementation Strategies an overview on ERMs offered by the a group of national bodies collaborating (PREMIS) working group, sponsored various integrated library system (ILS) to selectively archive websites of by OCLC and RLG. As stated in the vendors, was published in the September interest, not the complete web. (Lorcan introduction, “The Data Dictionary 2004 issue. The vendors covered in Dempsey’s Weblog) defines and describes an implementable Part II include EBSCO, Harrassowitz, set of core preservation metadata with broad applicability to digital
Technical Services Law Librarian, September, 2005 Page 21 preservation repositories.” two contractors, Harris Corporation guides/license.htm —Reprinted by permission from and Lockheed Martin, to come up with NASIGuide: License Negotiation 101. Current Cites, Volume 16, no. 1, a similar durable means of storage for (ResourceShelf) January 2005 digital records. A secondary issue is that many electronic records are simply VTLS NARA and Storage of Digital not being retained in the first place. http://www.vtls.com/Corporate/ Government Records Organizations in the private sector are, Releases/2005/15.shtml Talbot, David. “The Fading Memory of course, facing similar crises, but “VTLS recently increased its footing of the State,” Technology Review (July the sheer size and scope of NARA’s in the electronic resource management 2005), at http://www.technologyreview. situation is a problem of unimaginable (ERM) product market with VERIFY, its com/articles/05/07/issue/feature_ complexity. And because the agency new ERM system.” (Smart Libraries) memory.asp. has no good system for absorbing more The National Archives and Records Provider Neutral Records for data, a staggering backlog of electronic Integrating Resources Administration (NARA) has a big records hangs in limbo at countless problem. Because “(e)lectronic records http://www.loc.gov/acq/conser/ federal agencies. This article talks conop2005.html#13 rot much faster than paper ones,” about research efforts and potential NARA has got to quickly develop CONSER proposal for a provider- solutions to NARA’s situation. neutral record for online integrating a way of saving the “tsunami” of —Reprinted by permission from contemporary digital government resources. Not to be confused with Current Cites, Volume 16, no. 7, July aggregator-neutral record, this would records. “It is confronting thousands 2005 of incompatible data formats cooked apply to databases offered by multiple companies. (AUTOCAT) up by the computer industry over the Serials past several decades, not to mention the Recommendations from the OCLC Pilot for Electronic Journals limited lifespan of electronic storage Publication History Record Task http://www.oclc.org/news/ media themselves.” The Declaration Force releases/200510.htm of Independence, the Constitution http://www.loc.gov/acq/conser/ OCLC pilot designed to increase use of and other core documents, “written conop2005.html#12 libraries’ eSerials. (D-Lib Magazine) on durable calfskin parchment,” live Recommendations from the CONSER in sealed glass cases, immersed in NASIGuide Publication History Record Task protective argon gas. NARA has hired http://www.nasig.org/publications/ Force.
Technical Services Special Interest Section Renee D. Chapman Memorial Award for Outstanding Contributions in Technical Services Law Librarianship The Renee D. Chapman Memorial Award for Outstanding Contributions in Technical Services Law Librarianship is presented at the annual meeting of the American Association of Law Libraries to an individual or group in recognition of achievement in an area of technical services, for services to the Association, or for outstanding contributions to the professional literature. Factors considered in selecting the recipients of the Award include such things as the publishing, presenting, or sharing of innovative techniques or research, analysis or commentary; the development of software, hardware, or other mechanisms that significantly enhance access to collections; and the contribution of service to the Technical Services SIS as a whole. Achievements may be in the area of acquisitions, cataloging and classification, materials processing, preservation, automation, or technical services administration. All members of AALL are invited to submit names for consideration by the TS SIS Awards Committee. Nominations should include the nominee’s full name and address. If the nominee is retired, submit the name, last place or work and the home address. Someone other than the nominee should sign the letter of nomination. The letter should accompany a list of projects, programs, or publications of the nominee and should describe the nominee’s work with respect to qualifications for the award. For further information see the Chapman Award section of the Technical Services SIS handbook (http://www.aallnet. org/sis/tssis/handbook/app-06chapman.htm) or contact the TS-SIS Awards Committee Chair, Pam Deemer at 404- 727-0850 ([email protected]). All materials in support of a nomination should be mailed to Pam Deemer, Emory University Law Library, 1301 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30322-2780 by February 1, 2006.
Page 22 Technical Services Law Librarian, Vol. 31, No. 1 From the Editor TSLL Annual Report Covering July 2004-July 2005
Beginning with the September 2004 The word “newsletter” as a term The editorial staff will work on issue, Julie Stauffer replaced Linda long associated with TSLL, has been investigating and proposing possible Tesar, responsible for TSLL graphics removed, since TSLL is far more than changes increasing the interplay and layout. Also, Brian Striman replaced simply a newsletter, this change was between the TSLL website and the Joe Thomas as editor. approved by the Board. TSLL publication. Use the website as the portal to the issues. Use the website Due to severe SIS budgetary restraints, The editor-in-chief promoted and to post ephemera-type information, TSLL was no longer issued in print recruited more guest articles and minor announcements and TSLL after the December 2004 issue to the conference reports, and will continue “news” on the website pages and not sections’ members. The June 2005 issue this effort. in the issues themselves; any changes was the final print issue that was made The TSLL indexing project will be would be with approval of the editorial and mailed to institutional subscribers. board. Also beginning with the December completed, and is about 75% completed, 2004 issue, minor changes have been Susan Goldner is investigating how the The editor-in-chief will be investigating made to column format, graphics and index will be published and by whom. the possibility of having column use of “space” to create a more compact She should know more in the fall of “templates” that are filled in by the publication look. 2005. authors and then are sent directly to a The editor-in-chief is working on TSLL URL issue “staging area” where The TSLL Editorial Board will be content is checked by proof-readers investigating models for true web-based a TSLL Author’s Guide (stylistic conventions), which will be made and then is ready for “layout.” We format, to enhance reading online; yet are looking at possibly using a master also retaining PDF-type format for those available on the TSLL website pending board approval. TSLL issue template where the columns who will continue to print out the issues. get plugged into the master template. A goal may be to accommodate both The 12 primary columns were Layout would simply alter whatever demands. It may be that PDF format is maintained. A new column “TechScans” graphics and borders and increase or adequate for the near future, and that began with the March 2005 issue with decrease the spacing alignments. HTML is not practical or necessary. Corinne Jacox as principal columnist. Concern remains outstanding for the The PLL column began again with The editor-in-chief has begun tracking lag time getting the issues converted the September 2004 issue after being TSLL staff and columnists’ two-year to HTML. inactive for several issues, being co- term dates and reappointment approval authored by Mary Rose and Donna dates for the TSLL board, as stated in The financial books have been closed, the Structure and Policies. and the position of TSLL Business Rosinski. The editor-in-chief has been Manager has been eliminated with any working on finding a qualified columnist TSLL will no longer provide email-direct final print serial claims deadline of for the Serial Issues column which has addresses for columnists and TSLL staff December 1, 2005. been vacant since June 2002. beginning with the September 2005 The editor-in-chief will continue issue. This will eliminate potential The TSLL Board approved revisions to harvesting-bot activity to prevent spam the TSLL Structure and Policies, which working on a proposal for a possible new column “Cataloging Conundrums.” intrusion for the regular contributors. is available on the TSLL website. The Guest authors will be asked individually word Handbook was dropped from the The new Acquisitions columnist will be whether they want their email addresses Structure and Policies title. Kevin Butterfield with his first column appearing in their submissions by Staff changes as reflected in the revised in the September 2005 issue (replacing the editor-in-chief. Email addresses Structure and Policies include: the title Janice Snyder Anderson); his final appearing directly in context with an “editor” became “editor-in-chief,” and Internet column was the June 2005 article will remain. added the new position of “associate issue. The Internet column will have editor.” Other staff title changes include Stephanie Schmitt as the new columnist “layout and production editor” title beginning with the September 2005 was assigned, and title changed from issue. “webmaster” to “web manager” was The editor-in-chief will propose to the made. board a “book review” column, perhaps with the March 2006 issue.
Technical Services Law Librarian, September, 2005 Page 23 Report of the AALL Representative to the American Library Association, Association for Library Collections & Technical Services, Cataloging and Classification Section’s Subject Analysis Marie Whited Committee Law Library of Congress
Midwinter Meeting, Boston, January • LC adding machine-generated buildings and other structures in the 2005 table of contents to records subject authority file. They were to Annual Meeting, Chicago, June 2005 • Cornell will be doing cataloging determine if it would be appropriate to move headings for these structures Subject Analysis Committee meets in publication for Cornell Press titles to the name authority file. The Task Sunday morning and Monday afternoon Force concluded that it could not at both the midwinter and annual • Government-designated parks, make a recommendation on where meetings. The SAC meetings consist forests, etc. will continue to be the authority records for structures mainly of reports from subcommittees in the subject authority file but should be located. More information and liaisons. The Library of Congress if they author a work, they will is needed for structures not in the report is an important part of the appear in the name authority file Americas or Western Europe. They did meetings. This past year, in addition with the qualifier (Agency) recommend that an art funnel for SACO to general news from the Library of • Indian tribal names will be tagged to work with the NACO art funnel in Congress, the liaison, Lynn El-Hoshy, 151 (geographic name) and can determining where individual structure reported on the following items of be used as jurisdictions with the proposals should go and for these two interest in subject cataloging: MARC indicator set to “1”, http:// groups to collect examples. They felt • —Contributions in [specific www.loc.gov/catdir/tribes.html. that more examples should be published field or discipline] under names to assist catalogers in formulating the Cataloging Policy and Support Office of persons has been eliminated headings and that more training should has announced a new policy for be provided for those contributing • —Views on [specific field or prioritizing queries: structure headings. They recommended discipline] can now just be used the creation of an ARLIS (Art Libraries under the two personal name 1. Responses to queries on LC Society of North America) Cataloging subjects headings Jesus Christ cataloging policy and practices Advisory Committee liaison to SAC. and Lincoln, Abraham, 1809- 2. Follow-up on suggestions 1865 for improvements to CPSO The SAC IFLA’s Classification and • 655 second indicator “0” for documentation and training Indexing Section representatives reported that IFLA has established form/genre headings from LCSH 3. Resolution of authority record a working group to study extending has been implemented at LC problems and correction of the FRBR model to subject authority corresponding headings in Please note that the above changes should records. IFLA has three other working bibliographic records relating to now be reflected in Subject Cataloging groups dealing with multilingual current cataloging Manual: Subject Headings. thesauri, subject access tools, and 4. Consolidation/deletion of • 28 th edition of Library of minimal requirements for subject access duplicate name, series, or subject Congress Subject Headings is by national bibliographic services. authority records now available. Subcommittee on LCC Training 5. Errors in subject analysis (subject • Subject headings for drug Materials plans on presenting preview headings or classification) addiction and smoking have section of the new classification training been revised to reflect current 6. Typographical errors and errors workshop at ALA annual 2006 and terminology, i.e. Cigarette habit in content designation that do a pre-conference in 2007. They are is now Smoking or Nicotine not affect access in either a working on an outline and the course addiction. See weekly lists bibliographic or authority record will focus on general classification 13 and 19, http://www.loc.gov/ 7. Other with a special focus on schedules H, N catdir/cpso. and P. It will also include practices for Please read the full report at http://www. special types of materials, i.e. serials, • 5 new editions of the printed loc.gov/ala as it has a lot of interesting biographies, works about other works, classification schedules have been information. etc. published including H SAC’s Task Force on Named Buildings The FAST (Faceted Application of Other items reported of interest to law and Other Structures was established to Subject Headings) Subcommittee catalogers include review the policies related to establishing reviewed a sample of bibliographic
Page 24 Technical Services Law Librarian, Vol. 31, No. 1 records where the LC subject headings at http://fast.oclc.org. The idea is with the final report. The goal is to were converted to FAST headings. to develop a vocabulary that can be create some documents to provide These FAST headings were created used by personnel without extensive guidance to the creators of semantically and added to the records by algorithms. training. interoperable vocabularies and systems. The headings reviewed indicated some Renardus, http://www.renardus.org, is a problems in the conversion but not a SAC’s Subcommittee on Semantic good example of a successful semantic great many. The Subcommittee advises Interoperability is close to finishing its interoperability project and it provides the FAST program on the scope and charge and is working on editing their integrated search and browse access suitability of FAST vocabulary, on report. They have identified about 36 to records across Europe. The final the FAST use of authority format, on projects and are developing evaluation report should explain the work of this documentation and on other relevant criteria for projects to use. There will subcommittee in more detail and it topics. Information can be found be both a bibliography and a glossary should be available by January 2006.
MINUTES Technical Services Special Interest Section 2004/2005 Business Meeting
July 17, 2005 scarf donated by Katrina Piechnik was that one serials program was offered raffled off to newer tech services law this year, “EDI Made Simple.” Frank The meeting was called to order at 5:35 librarians (those with 5 or fewer years also indicated that a TSLL columnist P.M by TS-SIS chair Cindy May. of experience). for serials was needed. The Duplicate Exchange program increased in One item was added to the agenda—a Standing Committee Reports report from Michael Maben regarding participation and revenue. Carol the 2004/2005 Education Committee. Acquisitions: Lorna Tang has taken over Avery Nicholson will be the new Serials as chair of this committee, replacing Committee chair. Program proposals A quorum was verified. Cindy May Diane Altimari. Lorna reported that for next year will be considered at the introduced this year’s AALL VIP, Dawn the Acquisitions Committee meeting Serials Committee meeting. Smith. will be held on Monday morning and Ad Hoc Committee on Annual Meeting Secretary/Treasurer Report: Chris invited members of TS-SIS to bring Programming: Jolande Goldberg began Long reported the election results for their acquisitions concerns and program by thanking all of the volunteers 2005/2006 offices. Rhonda Lawrence ideas. from TS-SIS and the other SISes and was elected Vice Chair/Chair-Elect and Cataloging and Classification AALL committees. She summarized Janice Anderson was elected Member- Committee: Amy Lovell indicated the committee’s activity during the At-Large. 29% of the ballots were that the MARBI, CC:DA, and SAC past year. The committee was given returned; Chris expressed hope that representative reports, as well as an its original charge on Nov. 1, 2004. next year’s return will be higher since update from LC, will be given during The main points of the charge were to elections will be conducted online. The the Cataloging and Classification examine the effectiveness of the AALL projected balance as of July 1, 2005 was Committee meeting on Monday program proposal process in meeting $8071.04. morning. The first New Catalogers the needs of SISes, and the current time Member-At-Large Reports Roundtable will be held this year. The constraints in scheduling SIS meetings Inherently Legal Subject Headings and roundtables. In response, Tory Joint Reception: Jolande Goldberg project will be discussed at the Trotta published ‘Sacred Cows” in reported that Innovative Interfaces Cataloging and Classification Issues AALL Spectrum. It was recognized contributed $5000 to this year’s Roundtable on Tuesday afternoon. that a revision of the traditional method reception. The reception came in of program selection was needed. If under budget, and Jolande thanked the Preservation: Pat Turpening reported implemented, the proposed changes volunteers from the other SISes. that the preservation program was well- would make AALL more SIS-driven attended. Pat invited members to come and the number of “no conflict” times Activities Table: Brian Striman reported to the Preservation Committee meeting would be more limited. Although not 2 quilts donated by Sue Burkhart will be on Monday morning, as well as the all of the committee’s recommendations raffled off at the TS-SIS activities table. Preservation and Bindery Roundtable were accepted, the proposed changes There is a variety of materials from the later that morning. seem very favorable. Library of Congress (LC) on the table, as well as samples of TSLL. Also, a Serials: Frank Richardson reported Annual Membership Survey Report:
Technical Services Law Librarian, September, 2005 Page 25 Karen Douglas stated that there were report. The committee awarded a Shan Jiang (Northwestern University 123 responses to the survey, a higher grant to Dragomir Cosanici and Chris School of Law), Cathy Rentschler total than in past years. The survey Long to support their article on recent (Stetson University College of Law), generated several program ideas. Over Indiana citation practices. No new and Linda Sobey (Florida A & M 90% of the respondents felt it was a grant applications have been awarded University College of Law). good idea to schedule TS-SIS programs to date. against AALL programs. A few people Janice then presented the Renee noted that they were unhappy with Nominating Committee: Chris Tarr D. Chapman Memorial Award to a TSLL being an online only publication. reported that the winners of this year’s technical services librarian who has Karen said she received a few good election were Rhonda Lawrence (Vice long been recognized as one of the main suggestions how to improve the survey Chair/Chair-Elect) and Janice Anderson voices of law cataloging, Ann Sitkin. in coming years and on how to get more (Member-At-Large). She pointed Marie Whited made a few brief remarks volunteers. Committee chairs will out that this year was the first time detailing Ann’s involvement within receive a list of people who expressed candidate statements and biographies AALL, and her many contributions to interest in serving on their committee. were posted on the TS-SIS Website. various organizations as a representative for law catalogers. Ann thanked Marie Centennial Committee: Janice Shull Online Discussion List: Betty Roeske for nominating her, and also thanked asked for ideas on how to celebrate said that the recent problems with the Lee Leighton, Diane Hillman, Regina the AALL centennial. The Centennial list seem to have resolved themselves. Wallen, Marie Whited, and Helen Committee has submitted a program Website: Martin Wisneski reminded Schmierer. proposal that will represent our history members that comments regarding the LC Report: Jolande Goldberg told in a fun way, and it hopes to create a Website can be sent to him anytime. He display and a timeline of important members that this report would be given said that the Website had undergone a at the Cataloging and Classification events in our section’s history. Janice number of improvements this year. asked members to look for items like Committee meeting. pictures, mugs, lanyards, etc., that Strategic Plan: Cindy May advised Vice Chair/Chair-Elect Report: Karen would be fun to remember. There will members that the strategic plan was Douglas thanked Cindy May for all also be a Centennial Talent Show. approved by the TS-SIS Executive of her hard work as TS-SIS Chair and Board at their meeting on Saturday, presented her with a gift of appreciation. Duplicate Exchange : B o n n i e July 16. Geldmacher reported that 43 libraries Karen announced the new committee participated in the program this year, 2 Bylaws Revisions: Each of the proposed chairs for 2005/2006: Karen Nuckolls more than normal. bylaws revisions were considered (Cataloging and Classification), Lorna separately. Tang (Acquisitions, completing Diane Education Committee: Michael Maben, Altimari’s term), Carol Avery Nicholson reporting for the 2004/2005 committee, Proposal #1: carried. (Serials), and Caitlin Robinson (Joint said that the committee met last year Proposal #2: carried. Research Grant Committee). in Boston and worked through August. Proposal #3: carried as amended Four programs and one preconference Meeting adjourned at 6:44 P.M. workshop were accepted by AALL. TS- Proposal #4: tabled until next year. Respectfully submitted, SIS also sponsored a number of programs Proposal #5: carried as amended. Chris Long on its own. He reminded members that Secretary/Treasurer the Education Committee will meet on Proposal #6: carried. Tuesday to discuss ideas for next year’s TSLL: Brian Striman indicated that program. Karen Douglas, reporting for TSLL’s annual report will be included the 2005/2006 committee, stated that in the September issue. Brian awarded some preliminary work had already Marie Whited with a certificate of been done based on program ideas from appreciation for her years of service as the annual survey. A priority will be the classification columnist. to eliminate the 7:00 A.M. meetings. Next year, meetings will be allowed to Awards Committee: Janice Shull be scheduled against programs. Input announced that the committee awarded on program ideas has also been solicited four education grants, two for the from technical services librarians who Electronic Resources from Acquisitions work for law firms and state, court, and to Access workshop and two for the county agencies. Effective Subject Cataloging workshop. The winners were Marlene Bubrick Joint Research Grant Committee: (Loyola Law School, Los Angeles), Cindy May read Eloise Vondruska’s
Page 26 Technical Services Law Librarian, Vol. 31, No. 1 MINUTES Online Bibliographic Services Special Interest Section 2004/2005 Business Meeting
July 18, 2005 CONELL Marketplace—Georgia Local Systems—Corinne Jacox Briscoe Corinne reported on 2 items. The The meeting was called to order at Georgia reported she talked up OBS to committee webpage now has links 5:18pm by Georgia Briscoe. the CONELL attendees. to vendors with law libraries listed. Also Ellen McGrath and Corinne are Secretary/Treasurer Report—Michael OBS Table in Activities Area—Andrea Maben working on a revision of the systems Rabbia and vendors list. The committee will Michael Maben reported that the Andrea reported that the table was all meet tomorrow during lunch. minutes from the business meeting in set up and available with the giveaways Boston were published in the Technical and raffle. Research Roundtable—Chris Long Services Law Librarian, vol. 30, no. The roundtable will meet tomorrow TS/OBS/CS/RIPS Reception—Caitlin during lunch. 1, September 2004. Michael asked if Robinson there were any additions or corrections. Caitlin reported that we came in under OCLC Committee—Michael Maben None were suggested and Michael budget. There was a large turnout and Michael reported on the OCLC made a motion to approve the minutes. we ran out of food. Innovative again Committee meeting held on Sunday. It was seconded and approved by a sponsored this event and was happy The guest from OCLC was Bob Van voice vote. with the results. Volkenberg. He discussed Connexion The election results were reported to and the issues that OCLC sees coming OBS Strategic Plan Committee—Kevin after that. There were 23 people there the membership. Michael sent out 326 Butterfield ballots and 130 were returned before and there was a lot of discussion. Kevin reported that the survey of the Michael reported that Pam Deemer the deadline. Susan Goldner was membership has been distributed and elected Vice chair/Chair-elect, Kathy will be the new chair of the OCLC the responses are positive so far. The Committee. Faust was elected Secretary/Treasurer, results will be compiled and reported and Stephanie Schmitt was elected in early autumn. RLIN Committee—Virginia Bryant Member-at-Large. Michael then made Virginia reported that the March a motion to destroy the ballots. The Education—Richard Jost 1st rollout of the new interface has motion was seconded and approved. Georgia started by reminding the been fraught with problems. No membership of the OBS programs still Michael then thanked the Nomination representative from RLIN was able to to be presented in San Antonio. Richard come to the meeting. All comments Committee for their work. The members then reported that the committee met were Ruth Funabiki, Judith Vaughan- on the new interface will be forwarded that morning. There was a workshop to RLIN. Sterling, and Mary Jane Kelsey, chair. proposal on cataloging serials by Keiko Michael then gave the financial report Okuhara. Kathy Fletcher proposed Web Advisory Committee— for the SIS. Michael reported that as of a program on Google search replicas Shannon Burchard was unable to attend May 31, 2005, OBS showed a negative that incorporates a number of issues the meeting this year, but it was pointed balance of $1586.39. With TSLL that Roy Tennant raised in his talks. out she had done an excellent job with now being published electronically Karen Selden suggested programs the website. on voice recognition software, and and assuming the bylaws revisions Website of the Month—Karen Selden pass eliminating the need for paper Library of Congress bibliographic enrichment program. Mary Jane Kelsey This has been a regular feature on the elections, we should be in better OBS listserv and we have received financial condition next year. Our dues had a suggestion on RSS feeds and the integration of outside resources some additional publicity from Margie income should be credited this quarter Axtmann’s column in TSLL. Karen and we will have some expenses from in the catalog. Richard said that the deadline with AALL is August 15th and encouraged others to send in additional the annual meeting. Michael thought examples. that we should be close to even for the we have the non-AMPC option like rest of this year and then we should what Technical Services SIS used this Joint Research Grant— begin to rebuild our funds after that. year. Anne Myers commented on the The report has been submitted on last process and expenses with non-AMPC year’s grant. No new grant applications Reports of Committees and programs, but it also gives the SIS a lot were received this year. Chris Long Representatives more flexibility with programming. thanked OBS for the grant and how
Technical Services Law Librarian, September, 2005 Page 27 it helped with the publication of the backup to the editor. At the conclusion proposed but Richard pointed out that article. of his report, Brian received a standing the AALL Bylaws Committee must ovation as thanks for all his work as approve any changes to SIS bylaws. Technical Services Law Librarian— editor of TSLL. Richard stated that AALL had approved Brian Striman these changes and it was most important Brian stated that the full report for the AALL Centennial Committee—Caitlin to get the electronic voting approved. year will be in TSLL. Mary Strouse Robinson Richard’s suggestion was that we vote and Shannon Burchard have been We are starting to talk about it, first on these bylaws as proposed and then if the OBS representatives to the TSLL among the board and then out to the we feel having dates are still important, board. Brian thanked everyone who list. Caitlin has been receiving some we should look at it this year and have helped out with the publication this ideas. The TSLL index could be offered another bylaws revision ready for next year. The URLs are all hot-linked for sale. year in St. Louis. Richard then made a now. The PDF version is fast and easy motion to approve these bylaws changes to produce, but the HTML version is AALL Centennial Variety Show—Sally Wambold as approved by the AALL Bylaws more problematic. Hollie C. White is Committee. Anne Myers seconded the taking Shannon’s place on the TSLL Sally discussed some skit production ideas with dramatic readers, etc. Sally motion. Georgia called for a vote and board, and Joe Thomas is stepping the motion was approved. down from the board. Brian is working wants to have a rough outline by September 2nd. on a stylistic/author’s guide, and he Installation of Incoming Board wants to revise the TSLL questions New Business Members—Georgia Briscoe on the OBS and TS surveys for more Georgia introduced the new board Bylaws Revision—Richard Jost and better information. There will be members present and then she passed reports for all TS/OBS events in San Richard discussed the bylaws revisions the OBS hat to Richard. Richard then Antonio. Brian also wants to get away that were distributed earlier this spring presented a thank-you gift to Georgia. from a “newsletter” publication look that would allow electronic voting Incoming Chair’s Agenda for and feel, since we do not have the page and make additional changes. The 2005/2006—Richard Jost restrictions that we had when TSLL was Nomination Committee wanted to Richard stated that he wants to seek a print publication. Brian reported that eliminate the requirement to have two more vendor support to build up our he presented a certificate of appreciation candidates for every position. It was reserve funds. He also wants OBS to to Marie Whited at the TS business also proposed to change the bylaws be more of an advocate with online meeting for her contributions over amendment vote requirement from 2/3rd vendors. the years to TSLL. The entire run of majority to a simple majority. The last TSLL is now in electronic PDF thanks proposed amendment was to remove all The meeting was adjourned at to Galen Fletcher and BYU and the unnecessary dates from the bylaws. The 6:20pm. indexing project is well underway as proposed changes were then discussed well. Finally Brian reported that the extensively by the members. Some Respectfully submitted business manager position has been people felt that having dates in the Michael Maben eliminated and/or morphed into an bylaws was preferred in order to have Secretary/Treasurer associate editor position to provide deadlines clearly stated. Changes were
Conference Report
GPO’s Strategic Plan for the 21st Century & New Partnerships with Reported by Barb Henigman Law Libraries—A Town Meeting with Public Printer Bruce James Albert Jenner Memorial Library and Superintendent of Documents Judy Russell University of Illinois
The introduction of GPO’s new strategic and impact on core collections. In In order to provide a forum for plan has resulted in much discussion February of 2005, the AALL Executive discussion, a town meeting was held in the library community about the Board endorsed a resolution urging at the AALL Annual Meeting on July usability of government documents in GPO to establish a reliable means of 18, 2005. Public Printer Bruce James electronic form and the future of the producing and controlling government and Superintendent of Documents Federal Depository Library Program information. The resolution also Judy Russell were present to answer (FDLP). The new GPO strategies have encouraged the GPO to solicit advice questions and engage in discussion raised specific issues for law libraries from and enter into new partnerships with AALL members. The goals of the that include authenticity of primary with the law library community. session were to allow participants to sources, preservation of documents, “evaluate GPO roles and responsibilities
Page 28 Technical Services Law Librarian, Vol. 31, No. 1 in the 21st century for the virtual FDLP “clients & users” use the information. deal with “published” material only. and the GPO Access System in light of He stressed the importance of dialog, “Unpublished” material falls under its mission of informing the nation.” and indicated that decisions are not the mission of the National Archives. Participants also learned how to “be irreversible. “If the current strategy He indicated that GPO, LC, and the able to measure GPO’s effectiveness doesn’t work, we can back up and start National Archives are all working in meeting the needs of the public in again,” he said. together in a way that is better than the digital environment by ensuring ever before. the life cycle of electronic government Bruce James’s comments raised several information.” major issues from audience members. James’s response to concerns regarding These included: privatization was that we all need to Bruce James recapped his past two • Authentication of data, including remain vigilant to make sure this does years as Public Printer and outlined the a potential to lose print before not happen. He stated that only print trends he sees as significant issues for authentication is in place, how far products would be privatized. He GPO. He stressed that all information ahead to look when considering maintained that documents created that produced by the federal government is what to keep in print, and the were appropriate to be put into federal the property of the people. The GPO’s definition of what is a publication. depositories would be distributed for goal is to keep an informed citizenry. He Also of concern was how GPO free. He said he does not expect to stated, “I am charged with preserving will preserve all the documents charge for any document in the public government publications and seeing that currently being produced in domain. they are disseminated and available to electronic form while they are the people.” After two years of visiting In commenting on the future of the working on this new authentication FDLP, James indicated that the thing people around the country and working system. within GPO, a strategic vision has been that will define depository libraries in created. His goal is to reorganize GPO • Impact of privatization of GPO the future would be expertise rather than to adapt to emerging technology. This functions, including access collections. Judy Russell also indicated reorganization includes producing to documents in the public that there would be a new program that more digital documents and moving the domain and access to electronic will provide incentives, training, and printing process into the private sector. information that might ultimately support to keep libraries as members The concept of “uncoupling data from become cost-based because of of the FDLP. participation by private companies the delivery system” is also integral to In closing Bruce James acknowledged that are looking to make a profit. the reorganization process. that he understood that government • Future of FDLP GPO has 25 million dollars approved documents are widely used by ordinary Americans. He reiterated that the for the creation of a digital system. James acknowledged that the largest investments and strategies being put This system will “achieve the ability challenge would be what to keep in into place now are for the future. He to take government information into print vs. what to not keep in print. proposed that it is “our” job to “get out a database and repurpose the data He proposed that it is the library there and do something” because the for the future.” James pointed out community that needs to reach a world is changing faster than we can that 50% of government documents consensus on which resources need to imagine. He pointed out that ten years are born digitally, and the trend will stay in print. He pointed out that he sees ago we could not have imagined what continue. James also pointed out a trend in which the library community things are like today, and that today we that the role of depository libraries is asking GPO to get rid of paper due cannot imagine what things will be like will remain important because of to rising shipping costs and the growing ten years from now. the expertise of their librarians, with economic issues related to producing their legacy of in-depth knowledge print. He also indicated a need to be of government information. James careful how far ahead we project our outlined the strategies for moving need for print sources since we don’t forward in the next 2-3 years as having yet know what future technology will two major goals. The first is to increase bring. He contended that we should investments into GPO’s computer be projecting print needs only for the system and develop necessary technical next generation and that we need to be ability to move forward. The second is careful of projecting farther into the to build a business plan that will include future. He pointed out that he believes participation from the private sector, that print-on-demand will be possible develop priorities for what should be from an authenticated database. James kept in print, and create a dark archive also outlined the specific roles of as a back up for digital data. James GPO and the National Archives. He emphasized that the issue is how library maintained that it is the job of GPO to
Technical Services Law Librarian, September, 2005 Page 29 Conference Report Marlene Bubrick TS-SIS Acquisitions Committee Meeting Loyola Law School Los Angeles
Attendees: Shyama Agrawal, Lisa A problem with Hein monograph orders to before actually throwing it away? Do J. Arm, Ajaye Bloomstone, Carmen was mentioned. Carmen Brigandi, now faculty want the discarded items? Brigandi, Marlene Bubrick, Heather serving on CRIV, gave a brief description A. Buckwalter, Karen B. Douglas, of the Hein site visit recently completed. What about the idea of a central repository Ruth Patterson Funabiki, Bonnie The customer service department or several regional depositories for print Geldmacher, Ismael Gullon, Barb recently lost over 85 years of combined storage? Some questions this idea led to Henigman, Alan Keely, Mary McKee, experience because of retirements. are: Who owns the material? What if the Mary F. Miller, Lynn Monkres, James Loretta was able to return part-time to depositing library wanted the item(s) A. Mumm, Cynthia Myers, Kelly J help train the new people, but some of back? Who would fund such a project? Shorrel, H. C. Singh, Julie R. Stauffer, the slow response is due to this learning Is this a realistic solution? Mary K. Tartaglia, Catherine M. curve. Hein is in the middle of updating After discussion, it was decided that Thomas, Richard Vaughan, and Lorna their website, which some agreed is not the final program idea would be on the Tang (Chair). currently user friendly. Hopefully the current state of law library repositories. updated site will enable more flexible The meeting began at approximately Lisa Arm and Julie Stauffer will work searching of titles. The full site visit together to develop a program. 7:10 a.m. Introductions were made all report will be included in the November around, and each attendee summarized 2005 CRIV sheet. Ayjay Bloomstone recommended a the highlights of the previous fiscal program that she attended at the ALA year in their library. The main activities Another Hein development is the meeting, “How to assess your vendor’s mentioned were: 1). being required to delivery of the green slips electronically. viability,” with a banker as one of the reduce the size of the physical collection; The benefits of this are yet to be seen. speakers. Before you spend a large (or 2). deciding which subscriptions to Carmen described the size of Hein’s any) amount of money with a particular cancel due to budget cuts and/or online vendor, what are the questions to ask and availability; and 3). reorganizing the staff, which is comparatively small. There are maybe 75 to 100 employees the information to obtain to determine collection in some way (i.e. sending whether they will still be around in a items to storage). to handle a bombardment of law library business. few years? What are the red flags to The first topic of discussion was look for to warn you away? Ayjay the integration of several Aspen and The pricing of Hein Online will be has her notes from the ALA session to CCH titles. Aspen and CCH are now restructured due to the many additional provide more information. components now available. It might part of this new Wolters Kluwer Tax, This was determined to be an excellent Accounting & Legal Division. How be based on a price per online library component, rather than a lump sum. suggestion for a program, and Ayjay this will affect invoicing and customer will work with Barb Henigman to service is yet to be seen. Chairperson It was asked if Hein was planning to do develop this idea. Lorna Tang has more details on this more government document printing. development, and will send a report to Carmen said that Hein will print a It was asked if the Technical Services CRIV to be included in an upcoming document on demand if they get at SIS was making use of the new CRIV sheet. least 10 orders for the title, or if the procedure for submitting programs document is already scanned and in for the upcoming conference. Karen There was a general discussion of Douglas explained that sponsoring common problems with continuation their system, they will print on an as requested basis. our own programs would broaden the titles affected by the CCH/Aspen scope of programs we could offer, but merger; it took a while to determine Next proposed program ideas for if TS-SIS sponsors, TS-SIS pays for which company picked up which St. Louis 2006 were discussed. Lisa all expenses, including equipment, titles, and from whom to claim missing Arm suggested a program on print speakers and travel. supplements. materials—what to keep, what to store, It is also often a problem to bring your Next, one library had a problem what to discard. With “everything being available online” what do you own equipment into a convention regarding a Kluwer title that they center, so using our own equipment suddenly began receiving from Hein. get rid of? How do you make these decisions? Is it a container or content is not a possibility for saving money. They have not been successful in However, we could make a guest clearing up problems with this title, and question? Will electronic products become unaffordable? If something is speaker into an SIS VIP, so that AALL several attendees recommended they would pay their registration. If it were deal directly with Dick Spinelli. to be discarded, whom do you offer it
Page 30 Technical Services Law Librarian, Vol. 31, No. 1 someone local, there would be no travel adding institutional purchase order change in accordance. There is a expense. There are ways of getting numbers in their invoices, avoiding proposed program on this topic for around expenses. Ayjay and Barbara cancellation of a standing order title next year. will explore this further. when returning duplicates, and avoiding sending editions of titles other than Libraries must keep themselves visible, Other suggestions for programs those actually ordered. and as Roy Tennant mentioned, they were ISBN-13 and its impact and need to get away from just moving technology trends in acquisitions At the Heads of Technical Services books around, and figure out a way departments, neither of which was Roundtable, a major discussion involved to make their knowledge of accessing greeted enthusiastically. whether the acquisitions “person” in the materials a public service. library should be a professional. Some The subject of EDI came up in relation to departments are doing away with the Finally there was a reminder that the West and Lexis. How can we encourage “Head of Technical Services” position, Law-Acq listserv will be moving to the them to provide this capability? and having a Head of Acquisitions University of Indiana, and that current and a Head of Cataloging run the subscribers will be automatically Lisa Arm mentioned that West has moved to the new list. been conducting focus groups with department. There was more discussion several acquisitions librarians, and the of reorganization of technical services The meeting was adjourned at 9:50 feedback they received (at least in the departments, how workflows are a.m. session she was involved in) included changing, and how procedures must
Conference Report
Visionary Collection Development: Strategies for Building Legal Reported by Sue Kelleher Collections on Emerging Social Issues Barry University Law Library
This program was sponsored by the numerous special collections at http:// created to gather and preserve the Social Responsibilities Special Interest tarlton.law.utexas.edu/collections/. historical documents of individuals and Section, and was very well attended. organizations having to do with capital There were only a few empty seats at the Amy Atchison is a reference librarian punishment. Some of the collections very front left available. The moderator with the UCLA Law Library. She is included in the archive are: the papers was Courtney Selby and the coordinator the librarian charged with the care of Hugo Adam Bedau, the papers from was Larry Reeves. There were three and keeping of the Williams Project the Capital Jury Project, and the papers panelists: Roy Mersky, Tarlton Law Reading Room and Collection on of Ernest Van den Haag. The collection Library; Amy Atchison, UCLA Law Sexual Orientation Law and Public makes every attempt to be impartial and Library; and Brian Keough, State Policy. An initial donation of 2.5 collects materials that are pro-death University of New York at Albany. million dollars was made to create the penalty as well as anti-death penalty. Williams Project think tank devoted to Due to the fact that the death penalty Roy Mersky spoke about the special LGBT issues. The think tank began is currently legal in the United States, collections held at the Tarlton Law as an idea in 2001, and the special most of the materials that are available Library. These special collections collection arose from this in 2002- to be collected tend to be on the anti- include but are not limited to: the papers 03. After much negotiation and hard death penalty side. If the situation were of U.S. Supreme Court Justice Tom work the collection became a reality in to change and the death penalty were C. Clark, the digital collection of the February 2003 with an initial donation no longer US policy, then the situation Texas Constitutions and Constitutional of 1 million dollars (from Mr. Williams might change and more organization Conventions, the works of John Selden and an anonymous donor). More would emerge and become more vocal and the Selden Society, the Supreme information about the collection and the in support of capital punishment. Please Court photographs collection, and Project can be found at http://www.law. visit their website or further information the law dictionary collection. But ucla.edu/williamsproj/home.html. at http://library.albany.edu/speccoll/ he mainly wanted to discuss a single ndpa.htm. collection in particular, the Law in Brian Keough is the archivist for Popular Culture Collection. This the M.E. Grenander Department of All three speakers were enthusiastic, collection consists of some 4,000-plus Special Collections & Archives at well-spoken, and eloquent as they print materials, artwork, over 700 AV the State University of New York at discussed the contents and the creation materials, as well as online resources Albany, which collaborated with the of their collections. It was a very such as a bibliography, a collection of Capital Punishment Research Initiative interesting program and well worth quotations, and a resource list. You can (CPRI) to create the National Death attending. find out more information about Texas’ Penalty Archives. The archives were
Technical Services Law Librarian, September, 2005 Page 31 Conference Report Reported by Ann Nez University of Washington The Preservation and Binding Roundtable Gallagher Law Library
Monday, July 18, 2005, San Antonio experience, and a nine-month internship. of Congress’s new Culpepper Sound Annual Meeting The Preservation Administration Archives facility. program has 10 continuing and 10 new Those who attended the Preservation students. This program requires 52 The Center has developed a new and Binding Roundtable were fortunate credit hours and includes coursework doctoral program to address the lack to hear Ellen Cunningham-Kruppa in preservation management, electronic of PhD-holding faculty in the area describe the history, programs and and digital records, audio preservation of preservation, and to encourage goals of the Kilgarlin Center for the and a five week field experience. preservation research. They have just Preservation of the Cultural Record, at Contact Ellen if your library would received a grant from the Institute of the University of Texas at Austin be interested in hosting a field work Museum and Library Services (IMLS) student. to recruit three PhD candidates, one The Kilgarlin Center is a direct each in the areas of preservation policy, descendent of the Conservation The Center’s facilities include a Book preservation administration and digital Education Program founded by Paul Lab, complete with industrial period preservation. The grant will provide N. Banks at Columbia University cast iron equipment and with bench each student a cash stipend and tuition in 1981. Ellen graduated from that space for 10 people, a Paper Lab, with for the first two years of their studies. program in 1988 and became head of very large sinks, and oversized tables Preservation at the University of Texas. on wheels that can be rearranged to The Center’s research agenda targets five When Columbia closed their School of support enormous maps. Students in areas: management of the documentary Library Service in 1991, the School of the Paper Lab learn to analyze inks and heritage, digital archiving, conservation Information at the University of Texas papers through microscopy work and to treatment, preservation of the record of was chosen to continue the program. It wash paper. Students learn by working cultural communities (such as Native operated under the name Preservation on real materials from the University of American and blogging communities), and Conservation Studies. Carolyn Texas collections, including materials and recorded sound preservation. Harris served as director from 1992- from the Tarlton Law Library’s Rare Recent research includes developing 1994, followed by Karen Motylewski Book collection. and Dr. David Gracy. In September less toxic ways to preserve acetate 2004 the program was renamed to The Dirty Room is a large lab similar to negatives, surveying ARL preservation acknowledge receipt of a one million a woodshop. Here students learn to use librarians about their training dollar endowment from William and drills, hammers and saws to make their and background, production of a Mary Kilgarlin, and Ms. Cunningham- own knives and bosses, and to work on webpage and digital video detailing a Kruppa was appointed director. leather and old wooden cover boards. conservation treatment, http://www. Lab students also learn to document the ischool.utexas.edu/%7El381ss02/, The Kilgarlin Center’s mission is to condition of materials before and after and working with the University of advance preservation of the cultural treatment using digital photography Texas Digimorph Project to study the record through education, research and written treatment reports. Students use of high resolution x-ray computed and outreach. Students enrolled in the compile online portfolios of their work, tomography in book conservation, program receive a Master of Science in and learn to ingest documents into the www.digimorph.org/index.phtml. This Information Studies with a Certificate of Center’s electronic Dspace. last project allowed researchers to study Advanced Study in either Conservation the binding and construction of a 16th or Preservation Management. This is Students range in age from 22-40 century volume without disbinding the the only program in the United States and represent a number of countries, book. They also co-sponsored with the that offers a course in preservation of including Trinidad. 172 students Library of Congress, ARL and NARAS audio resources as opposed to audio- have graduated from the program a conference on preserving sound visual materials. since it was founded at Columbia. recordings, http://www.arl.org/preserv/ Graduates work in academic libraries sound_savings_proceedings/. The Conservation program currently (Yale, Harvard, LC, UC Berkeley), at enrolls 13 students with 8 new students regional preservation organizations, or Consult the Kilgarlin Center’s website entering in the fall. Chemistry is a as independent consultants. Students for more information about applying to prerequisite for this program, which with an interest in audio preservation one of their programs or to learn more requires 58 credit hours, including 3 have found positions in the film and about their research initiatives: http:// book labs, 2 paper labs, 2 conservation video industries as well as the Library www.ischool.utexas.edu/kilgarlin/ science classes, a five week field index.php.
Page 32 Technical Services Law Librarian, Vol. 31, No. 1 Conference Report
The Law Library of Congress in the 21st Century: Reported by Craig Lelansky A National and Global Resource Georgetown University Law Library Being a Washington law librarian, I us to serve the information demands of essentially the reference department try to attend conference sessions on our clients. of the library. Usually this is of less or about the Law Library of Congress. Blake Tart continued the presentation interest to those of us in the technical Each time I attend, I am amazed by the by reporting as a member of the services areas of libraries but, despite depth and breadth of the programs in American Bar Association (ABA) my natural prejudice, I did find his which the Library is actively engaged. Standing Committee on the Law comments of interest. Like many of Dr. Rubens Medina (Law Librarian, Library of Congress. Mr. Tart has the presenters, he spoke about the Law Law Library of Congress) opened his been a practicing attorney for over 40 Library in relationship to how it can remarks by speaking at some length years, and opened his remarks with a serve our profession. In particular, he about the mission of the library. It was story: If the law librarian at his law noted that the Law Library could assist almost exclusively to provide high school had not been so helpful and in finding, accessing, and understanding quality, timely, and innovative research, knowledgeable, he would be working foreign law, using the expertise of the analysis, and reference services to the at a local Exxon filling station. This law specialists on staff. One other United States government. Recently, of course was well received by the interesting activity that the Library on the recommendations of the ABA attendees. Mr. Tart then proceeded to is exploring is how it can make the and AALL, this scope has expanded talk about the long-standing partnership information it prepares for Congress to include provision of similar services between the Law Library of Congress more widely available. This would to the legal profession, academic and the ABA, reminding us that the include better access to Congressional community, and the general public, ABA Standing Committee on the Law Research Service reports, which have based on the strength of its collection Library of Congress is their second been traditionally available exclusively and its status as the de-facto national longest standing committee. The ABA for Congressional usage and not publicly law library. is supporting the goal of making the distributed. Dr. Medina focused his early remarks Law Library of Congress truly the Dr. Janice Hyde (Program Officer, on the ever-expanding globalization national law library. The ABA’s vision Law Library of Congress) was the last of the law. Most, if not all, issues is that the Law Library of Congress will presenter. She introduced the newly that are researched by Law Library serve as an extension of the nation’s redesigned Global Legal Information of Congress staff are increasingly law libraries, connecting them via Network (GLN) interface. It has a complex, and more often than not have the Internet while at the same time contemporary look, which is easier global or international implications. For continuing its core mission of being the to navigate, with many more search example, in trade, communications, the leading source of legal research for the options and search languages available. environment, security, public health, US Congress. She encourages librarians to use the site and even labor, all have international The next presenter, Donna Scheeder and to provide suggestions on improving aspects. (Director, Law Library Services, Law it. The site has also been expanded to Library of Congress), focused on two include four distinct modules: statutes, Dr. Medina spoke about the challenges judicial decisions, legislative records, that face all law libraries: the increasing overriding themes: patrons viewing the library more as a “service” and less as a and legal literature. Dr. Hyde invited amount of information in all formats, librarians not only to use GLN but the expectation of our clients to provide “place,” and the continuing theme of the law as much more of an international also to be part of a cooperative effort more and more resources electronically, with the Law Library of Congress to and to convince our funding sources discipline. She echoed Mr. Medina’s message that the law is not as easy as build the system’s content. Specific to support the library’s activities that contributing ideas include publishing provide the services to our clients. He it once was, and is global and inter- disciplinary in most cases. One constant legal articles, adopting a country of reminded all of us that technology does interest and providing metadata for that not save money and we must try to endeavor is exploring new ways and new resources to digitize. The latest particular country, or adding a specific dispel this myth for our funding sources. category of United States law and again He did not think that the challenges were venture is building a new web archive of the discussions concerning Supreme providing the metadata. The benefits insurmountable. Our profession can no are not only the added content, but as longer serve simply as information Court nominees, based on a model from the 2000 and 2004 elections. a fully contributing member you and brokers but must become information your institution would have access to managers. We must also continue to The next presenter, Dr. Walter Gary restricted data in the system. encourage and expand cooperation Sharp (Director of Legal Research, among institutions to enable each of Law Library of Congress) discussed
Technical Services Law Librarian, September, 2005 Page 33 Conference Report
The ABCs of TOCs: Enhancing Your OPAC with Reported by Sue Kelleher Tables of Contents Barry University Law Library
There were three presenters for this However, there are some workflow and important to your patrons. The program: Mary Strouse, Catholic and user issues with this method. The University of Colorado Law Library University of America Dufour Law workflow issues include the limits also made the decision to include Library; Karen Selden, University of the vendor-dependent format (not faculty publications as well as local of Colorado Law Library; and John controlled by the library), the burden CLE materials. Staffing is a major Bissett, Washington & Lee Law Library. on the staff, the co-mingling of vendor issue when contemplating the use of The focus of their presentations were and library data and false positives from 505 content notes. Do you have the about how they are using TOCs (Table multiple ISBNs. Some front-end user time and labor resources necessary for of Contents) in their institutions. issues include: the screen space needed the task? Who will do the work (clerks, for display causes added printing costs, volunteers, etc.)? Some libraries John Bissett gave a brief introduction multiple forms of author entry (creating have implemented the use of voice and discussed a survey conducted on possible split files), search results that recognition software to alleviate any the TS-SIS and OBS-SIS electronic do not distinguish between chapter and possible physical strain. As for sources lists, about the different priorities book length treatments causing a lot of data, you have a surprising number of libraries have regarding their TOC of confusion when patrons think they options. You can manually input all of data. He listed the top five priorities: are retrieving books in their search the information. You can use the Library collections (with multiple authors), results rather than chapter information. of Congress’ BEAT program. Some conference proceedings, multi-volume Finally, the restriction of users to the people find other sources and use the works (with individual authors), single data, or how the data can be used due copy and paste option. And still others author monographs, and collections/ to licensing agreement contractual are scanning TOC information. selected works (with a single author). obligations. He then turned the presentation over to John Bissett returned to discuss how the others. Ms. Strouse had a wish list for improving the process of scanning TOCs into the 97X format. She would like to see the enhanced 505 field works at the Mary Strouse spoke about her library’s additional subfields to handle the Washington & Lee Law Library. He choice of using vendor-provided TOC indexed/authorized form of corporate used the numbers from Blackwell as an data loaded into the 97x field of the authors, to indicate data source and example. In 2004 Blackwell enhanced MARC record format. Her institution ownership, as well as for authority 300-400 law titles in W&L’s catalog uses an Innovative ILS and Blackwell control history. She would also like to with TOC, while Washington & Lee Book Services (http://www.blackwell. see better coding conventions, more added over 600 of their own TOC notes. com) TOC information. Other vendors transparency, indicators for book or When checking the database he has such as Syndetic Solutions, Inc. (http:// chapter in the record browse screens of only been able to find about 16 records www.syndetics.com) and Marcive, Inc. online catalogs, and the ability to export input by W&L that have been overlaid (http://www.marcive.com) also provide data for legitimate fair use purposes. by Blackwell records. Some of the TOC data in the 97x format. bigger issues W&L faced were: time Karen Selden took over and talked constraints, what to include and what The Dufour Law Library has decided about the University of Colorado Law that its priorities for including TOC data not to include, wasted time if records Library’s use of manually created are eventually replaced by contract would focus on: edited collections with enhanced 505s in their MARC records. broad theme, items containing diverse source records, the formatting problem She discussed the issues that she of enhanced 505 notes resulting in extra geographical treatments, conference sees when dealing with 505 fields. symposia or anthologies, and items and confusing hits (e.g., user difficulty These issues fall into three categories: to distinguish display results of titles of of local interest (faculty publications, indexing and authority control, format etc.). an entire work from display results of and display, and workflow and policy chapter or parts within a book). There There are some beneficial features of considerations. were also the issues of the delimiter “g” the 97X TOC format. This includes the The workflow and policy considerations question, and the ever-present question displaying of the information in an easy also fall into three general categories: of authority control. to read format, (see http://columbo. what materials get TOCs, staffing, and law.cua.edu/record=b1020410), the John Bissett closed with his aspirations sources of data. When deciding what for the future of W&L’s scanned TOC inclusion of page numbers from tables materials will get TOCs, you need to of contents, and indexing flexibility. records. These include his wish for the decide what information is most useful use of the 97X fields for better display,
Page 34 Technical Services Law Librarian, Vol. 31, No. 1 for Blackwell to increase their coverage All three panelists discussed the limitations of the various methods. and timeliness, for the ability/resources reasoning behind their decisions to The detailed handouts for the session to begin to include retrospective implement these procedures. Also were included in the annual meeting materials from the collection, and for a discussed were the actual procedures program materials and the slides used cooperative database of TOCs, possibly that are followed, the ramifications of during the presentation can be found at hosted by AALL. what needs to be considered before http://staff.cua.edu/strouse/. you begin, and the benefits and
Conference Report
Nabbing vs. Sharing: Z39.50 and the Ethics of Directly Reported by Carol Morgan Collins Importing MARC Records University of Tennessee Law Library
The major players presenting their “hit” list? What happens to the library OPAC addresses embedded in thoughts and ideas at this session “ownership” of records that you or your the search and retrieval software. In were: Georgia Briscoe (Coordinator, catalog librarians have meticulously addition, OCLC plans to alert members Moderator and Speaker), University sweated over to create, or the records to the current profiteering and to of Colorado Law Library; Barbara which your library has purchased and develop cost-effective services to attract A. Bintliff (Speaker), University downloaded at a premium price? You users to the Cooperative. of Colorado Law Library; S. Blair got it—copied and zapped-away in a Kauffman, Yale Law School, Lillian New York minute to some unknown Barbara Bintliff added that Z39.50 is Goldman Library; and, Bob Van destination. Those bibliographic neither “good” nor “bad.” The purpose Volkenburg (OCLC Online Computer records may be used in an institution’s is to help libraries share, and that Library Center, Inc.) library catalog, but don’t be surprised is what librarians do as a common if you find that your records have been philosophy. The University of Colorado Is Z39.50 a friend or a foe? Major sold to the highest bidder by a book or encourages sharing records with other players offered their views on the MARC record vendor. libraries, with the condition that a ethical dilemmas presented by the request precedes permission to use the ability to freely retrieve bibliographic The national player, OCLC, is a record. She expressed her unhappiness records via Z39.50-capable Online worldwide library cooperative with those who steal the records without Public Access Computers (OPAC). cataloging effort. Used in a collaborative permission. Approved by the National Information method, the records in that database Standards Organization (NISO) in are to be shared by OCLC members. Blair Kaufman stated that the Lillian 1988, Z39.50 is now an international OCLC supports the development of Goldman Library enabled Z39.50 for information retrieval standard that is Z39.50; and their services, FirstSearch the purpose of allowing others to make maintained by the Library of Congress. and Cataloging, using this standard. A use of their records. A request asking This protocol allows a user in one serious concern is present, however, permission to download the records system to seamlessly access information in the use of the Z39.50 protocol by is expected and appreciated. Kaufman from other Z39.50-capable computer commercial vendors who find and qualified the “free” use as being intended systems. For more information about download MARC records (in many for libraries that share information, but Z39.50 see the Library of Congress cases OCLC member records) from are not intended for organizations Website at http://www.loc.gov/z3950/ unsuspecting library catalogs. In effect, profiting from downloaded data. agency/. the companies are stealing the records All the speakers agreed that “free” to turn a profit. To make matters worse, This technological ability sounds like sharing, with permission, on a limited unauthorized use of library OPAC basis is a good idea, specifically for a librarian’s--or a book vendor’s--best data has the potential to handicap friend. In addition, for your added hard-to-catalog and international works. the performance of the unsuspecting The caveat to this is that records convenience in searching and retrieving library’s OPAC. When libraries choose records, inexpensive, preprogrammed retrieved should be uploaded to OCLC to use Z39.50 to download “free” for others to use. software is available that automatically MARC records from other catalogs, connects your computer to a multitude there is no contribution of holdings of online library catalogs. You can now information in WorldCat, thus reducing search and download free bibliographic the resource sharing activities. OCLC records until your heart, or your OPAC, suggests that targeted libraries contact is content. But wait a minute--what if the profit-driven vendors and ask to your library is on some preprogrammed be removed from the automatic list of
Technical Services Law Librarian, September, 2005 Page 35 Conference Report
TS Forum— Reported by Gail Hartzell Electronic Data Interchange: EDI Made Simple Valparaiso University Law Library
EDI (Electronic Data Interchange) is an to prepare for implementation and business) is used most often today. exchange of information between two continued maintenance. Records in the Hein enters into a partnership with machines without human intervention. online catalog must be cleaned up. This each customer using EDI. A significant However, as EDI has progressed, human involves using current titles for serials amount of communication between intervention is still necessary. The panel and periodicals, the addition of the “title the William S. Hein Company and the spoke on different aspects of EDI and number” from the vendor in the order library is essential to solve problems there was much audience participation record, and giving the purchase order and for ongoing success. and discussion, which made the program number for each title to the vendor. extremely informative and interesting. Ongoing maintenance includes dealing There was discussion on how EDI with title changes, number of copies, has been implemented with some Pamela Bluh, Associate Director for cancellations, and limiting the number vendors, such as YBP, EBSCO, and Technical Services & Administration, of titles on an invoice. Hein. Hein is the only legal publisher University of Baltimore, Thurgood in the United States to implement EDI. Marshall Law School Law Library, Alan listed four steps in their Some legal publishers have not yet gave an overview of EDI. Alan Keely, implementation of EDI: committed to EDI, such as Thomson Assistant Director for Collection 1) Synchronizing data—Several months’ West, LexisNexis and BNA. If one Services & Systems, Wake Forest time is required for the synchronization of these publishers would use EDI, University Professional Center Library, of data, which involves getting the others would follow. It was suggested spoke on how and why his institution list of titles, purchase order numbers, that libraries and law firms should give selected and proceeded with EDI. and title numbers to all coincide; preferential treatment to vendors who Dan Rosatti, Senior Vice President, 2). Testing—Testing involves fixing will use EDI on library systems. Research and Development, William problems, such as multiple copies of S. Hein & Co., explained the nuts and titles on the same purchase orders. Data Dan explained that an EDI translator bolts of implementing EDI. must be standardized and information such as XTOLL is needed to tell the must be matched to be transported software to pull data and put it into a The four necessary elements of EDI properly. There must be at least one document. A kind of binary equivalent are the supplier, the recipient, the match point, such as the purchase order of XML called EBML, or Extensible communication mechanism and the number or title number; 3). Problem Binary Meta-Language, may be used in software to process it. EDI transactions resolution—Problem solving involves the future. Other future enhancements can be “two way” with both partners discovering why records did not match. of EDI will include marking for claims, sending and receiving data. A report is generated after the transfer of the generation of claims, claim reports, highlighting, and automatic claiming. The library or law firm is one partner data, which indicates the problem and and the publisher, book jobber or what did not link; and, 4). Production, Currently about 10% of invoices are subscription agent is the trading partner. as an ongoing process. processed using EDI. The amount of In a library setting, the communication He mentioned they learned from EDI transactions is small and requires is handled over the Internet. hindsight during the implementation time-consuming preparation. Presently, the number of legal publishers capable The benefits of EDI are numerous. of EDI. Using macros to transfer data in records would have saved time and of using EDI or willing to commit to EDI helps to improve efficiency by development of EDI is not large. The reducing paper usage, thereby lessening effort in preparing records for the synchronization of data. hope for the future is that all legal both the likelihood of human error and publishers will incorporate EDI, as the the feeling of drowning in paperwork, Dan elucidated how different publishers benefits are many for both the library freeing up time for staff, and improving and systems have various requirements. and publisher or vendor. Each library workflow. There are benefits for There are nineteen differences in needs to evaluate the benefits and vendors also, which include increased requirements between Endeavor shortcomings of EDI and decide what and enhanced service for customers, Information System’s Voyager, and is best for its organization. consistency of data, and faster payment Innovative Interfaces, Inc. Innovative of invoices. uses a flat file while Endeavor uses A few drawbacks of using EDI are the Edifact. Edifact (Electronic data amount of time and effort necessary interchange for administration and
Page 36 Technical Services Law Librarian, Vol. 31, No. 1 Conference Report
Don’t Throw That Away: Ensuring Future Access to Legal Reported by Craig Lelansky Information in an Age of Digital Media Georgetown University Law Library
Judging from the large number of of North Texas has seen a 500% refused and the testimony remained attendees at this session, the topic increase in IT staff, and a 250% increase online. In the second example, by Texas continues to be of great interest. Judith in online spending. All librarians law all appointees’ names and addresses Lihosit (University of San Diego understand that the print resource are published in the Texas Register. An Legal Research Center) opened the budget and library staff have not seen appointed judge received death threats session by presenting the results of similar increases. Given this increased and requested that personal information a survey charting the role that online e-resource spending, librarians are be removed from the Texas Register. In availability played in canceling print becoming anxious about the potential this case, on the advice of highest levels titles in California libraries. The survey loss of content for which they have no of Texas government, the address was tabulated the results into 4 categories: paper or digital backup. redacted on the electronic version, but those libraries serving population areas the printed version kept the address. of under 50,000, those serving 50,000 What efforts have been made to alleviate In both cases the issue of privacy for to 150,000, those serving 150,000 the anxiety and to capture and preserve online material is and will continue to to 500,000, and those serving over online material? One such effort is be discussed. 500,000. The summary conclusions the “CyberCemetery” website: http:// reached were that 82% of all libraries govinfo.library.unt.edu/default.htm. Ms. Hartman concluded by highlighting surveyed cancelled at least 1 print title, This site is a partnership between the National Digital Information smaller county libraries were relying University of North Texas Libraries Infrastructure and Preservation Program heavily on online resources with 44% of and the U.S. Government Printing (NDIIPP). This Congressionally funded these libraries converting to e-resource Office. It was created and maintained research project is focused on capturing only for surveyed state titles, and to provide permanent public access and preserving information published larger county libraries relied on online to the websites and publications of on the World Wide Web. Project work resources for out-of-state materials, defunct U.S. government agencies is organized into four overlapping paths where smaller libraries provided no and commissions. A good example of of activity: content identification and access to this titles. For the complete the work done by the CyberCemetery selection, content acquisitions, content survey results, as well as the slide is the capturing of the resources of retention and transfer, and partnership shows of all presenters for this program, the 9/11 Commission (officially the building. In fall 2004, the Library of please consult http://www.sandiego. National Commission on Terrorist Congress (the sponsoring agency) edu/lrc/aall.html. Attacks Upon the United States). Once announced the awarding of 8 grants the Commission closed its offices, its to further the research related to the Cathy Hartman (University of North website also was taken down. Without capturing and long-term preservation Texas Libraries) followed with the CyberCemetery, the e-publications of “born digital” information. discussion about how e-resources created would have been lost for future present significant challenges for research. Kent McKeever (Columbia University, librarians. In both the analog and digital Arthur W. Diamond Law Library) world, librarians continue to select, Ms. Hartman indicated that she felt concluded the session by speaking acquire, describe, organize, and present librarians need to take the lead on about our profession’s semi-panic material for their libraries. In the digital authentication of e-resources. The key feeling about losing control of our arena they have the additional new issues as yet unanswered are: how to library “collections.” Today librarians challenges of resource allocation; how ensure material is authentic, who can have two major concerns: finding best to capture, preserve, and ensure authenticate a document; whether means to maintain historical access to authenticity of the digital material; and a capturing entity (a library) can be born digital information, and hoarding finally to address concerns over privacy responsible for this, and what the courts at least some copies of material being issues. will recognize as authentic. converted to e-copies from paper originals. Because of the availability of online In regards to privacy, Ms. Hartman resources and the expectation of 24/7 presented two divergent cases. In the The first coherent law library response accessibility, institutions are finding it first, a Texas public hearing was held on was a conference convened by Robert necessary to realign resources to meet alternative medicine where a member Oakley at Georgetown in March of new demands and challenges. The of the public testified. Later this person 2003. The conference led to the creation example presented was that during wanted the comments taken off the of the Legal Information Preservation the period 1995-2005, the University “web record.” The sponsoring agency Alliance (LIPA). The key questions
Technical Services Law Librarian, September, 2005 Page 37 LIPA raised are how to get the digital allowed only to re-shoot the originals conceived as an open-ended network data providers to take on preservation because of upgrade in technology or designed to hoard 5 or 6 copies of responsibilities, and how best to ensure flaw in earlier captured images. The selected titles to preserve the core the paper copies of core historical titles best working example is JSTOR which materials of US law. He believes this are preserved so that librarians can has an archive agreement with the kind of network would work best relax about de-accessioning their own Center for Research Libraries (CRL) without a legal structure. Libraries need individual paper copies. where 20,831 titles, (73% of JSTOR to make the commitment to preserve titles) are held in the CRL stacks. core resources that they as institutions One option discussed was a “dark Other agreements are in the works for deem necessary -- not because they are archive,” which is a storage option additional sites. required, but because these titles are that keeps paper documents in a safe essential to their patrons. but dark environment not intended for Mr. McKeever concluded by talking casual or intermittent use. Retrieval is about the LIPA Dark Archive Network,
Conference Report Reported by Barb Henigman Albert Jenner Memorial Library What is a “Core Collection” Anymore? University of Illinois
In today’s world, budgets are shrinking 606, as well as outlined the committees volumes required and the ability to and yet collections continue to grow. within the ABA that make changes to present a detailed core list of books Over the past ten years there has been a standards and implement new ones. housed in the library. Another concept continuous transition toward collecting The goals of the presentations were beginning to evolve was the adequacy information in electronic form as to help program participants address of the collection. This concept included opposed to the more tradition print problems of applying ABA standards currency and usability of materials and and microform formats. This trend has 605 and 606 for core collections to the number of students served by the significantly changed the composition today’s information formats, and to collection. and mission of many law libraries. As it give participants information to help continues to impact us, there is growing them build collections that will meet Rita Reusch presented an overview of concern surrounding the definition of the criteria applied by accreditation the committee structure that produces “core collection” as presented in ABA inspectors. Contributing to the panel the standards and conducts the standards 605 and 606. presentations were Phyllis Marion, evaluations. Since the evaluation of Director of the Library and Professor of library collections is only one aspect As librarians and evaluation committees Law at the California Western School of the ABA accreditation process, review their collections as part of of Law; Rita Reusch, Director of the an effort is made to have at least accreditation reviews and strive to Law Library at the University of Utah; one librarian representative on ABA reflect their libraries’ missions within and Chris Simoni, Associate Dean for committees. Librarians also serve in an those of the law schools they serve, a Library & Information Services and advisory capacity through bodies such number of questions arise regarding Professor of Law at Northwestern as the ABA Standards for Academic the definition of a “core collection.” University School of Law. All three of Law Libraries Task Force. Both the What exactly does a “core collection” these AALL members have experience ABA Standards Review Committee look like today? Does the concept of either serving on the ABA standards and the Council on Legal Education a “core list” of titles exist within our committee and/or participating in play a primary role in reviewing and collection philosophy? How does accreditation site visits. making changes to ABA standards. current electronic information and its These committees are made up of a accessibility fit into the concept of Phyllis Marion presented a history of combination of legal practitioners, “core collection” as stated by the ABA “core collection” standards, showing the judges, administrators, deans, and standards? evolution of ABA standards into today’s include librarian representation. current standard 606. Since the turn of These committees forward their In an attempt to address some of the century, the ABA has recognized the recommendations to the ABA House of these questions, a panel of speakers importance of the physical existence of Delegates which is the formal decision was assembled to provide practical a “library” that provides regular hours making body. Once the decisions are information about the evaluation process and assistance to students. Emphasis final, bodies such as the Accreditation and expectations of accreditation site was placed on ownership of materials Committee and the Questionnaire visit evaluation committees. Panelists and by the 1920’s standards were Committee take over the responsibility also reviewed the newly revised in place specifying the number of of implementing and interpreting wording of ABA standards 605 and
Page 38 Technical Services Law Librarian, Vol. 31, No. 1 the changes to the standards. The expanded to include the concept of The speakers noted that it remains to be Questionnaire Committee carefully availability through “reliable access.” seen how the Accreditation Committee reviews the information that will be The concept of “core collection” has will interpret the new version of standard sought during the accreditation process. been left open-ended in recognition of 606. The Questionnaire Committee The Accreditation Committee works changing formats, consortia agreements, will soon begin its work of rewriting to interpret the standards and apply the ease of ILL, and the need for remote the current questionnaire to reflect the these interpretations to the evaluative storage. However, the concepts of new language. In preparation for a site process. It is this body that builds the “adequacy” and “currency” of the visit, libraries should actively review “common law” of what standard 606 collection remain quite clear. While their collection development policies really means. the concept of “ownership” is no and how they fit with their schools’ longer central, the current standard missions. In assessing electronic The latest revision to ABA standards maintains the concept of physical resources, a library needs to justify how 604, 605, and 606 was completed in place. Libraries are required to have these resources meet the goals set forth June 2005 and included some slightly a collection development policy in in both mission and collection policy. different concepts designed to address writing and show how this policy In assessing remote storage issues, the some current issues. Overall, the relates to the overall mission of the law library needs to specify ease of access new wording emphasizes a model schools they serve. The burden is on and whether or not materials are backed of functionality as a better test for the library to articulate how its policies up by electronic access. evaluation than simply counting things. are meeting needs, ABA standards, and The concept of ownership has been overall mission.
Conference Report
TS Panel— Reported by Gail Hartzell Electronic Resources Management: What It Can Do for You Valparaiso University Law Library
All types of libraries need to keep conceived in May 2002 as a project in A second release of the ERM Module track of their electronic resources in which Innovative would partner with was due in July 2005 with improved an organized manner. The primary academic libraries to determine what enhancements, including upgraded functions of ERM (Electronic Resource should be included in an ERM system. matching logic, batch loading of resource Management) are the enhancement of The ERM Module displays print and records, enriched usage statistics, analysis tools and the management electronic resources jointly; shows and management functionality for of subscriptions, acquisitions, and licensing information; offers training consortia and WebBridge (integration of licensing information. and online documentation; enables electronic and licensing data) users. staff management; and includes public Non-integrated solutions include a finding tools. Innovative offers group Jean Bryan, Digital Product Specialist homegrown database, external presentations to the Innovative User at Endeavor, explained that the process link resolver, or publication access Group community and other interested to develop Meridian was started over management system such as EBSCO groups. Other benefits of this ERM one year ago. In the first year, four and ProQuest. system include: development partners in usability studies worked with the Elsevier • Storing licensing information Another solution is an integrated User Centered Design Group. This • Analyzing collections/holdings electronic resource management collaboration resulted in an interface • Managing contracts system. that presents all the data you need • Managing contacts: phone regardless of your job function. The This panel presented three electronic and emails pertaining to general release was June 1, 2005 and resource management systems: subscriptions included 23 mostly academic libraries. Innovative’s ERM Module, Endeavor’s • Compliance with license terms This integrated ERM system includes Meridian, and ExLibris’ Verde. Each • Compliance with DLF ERMI the Cognos ReportNet report writing speaker explained how his/her system resource documents (Digital tool. worked and the benefits of using that Library Federation Electronic ERM system. R e s o u r c e M a n a g e m e n t The many benefits of Meridian include a On the panel, Theodore A. Fons, Initiative) central repository, more productive staff Senior Product Manager at Innovative, • Active listserv and archives time, reflection of complex relationships among packages, integration with local described the first established ERM. As of July 2005, over 127 ERM Module ILS systems for MARC and acquisitions Innovative’s ERM Module was systems have been installed worldwide.
Technical Services Law Librarian, September, 2005 Page 39 data; display of consortia data to life cycle. Increasing reliance upon e-resources manage access, and readily accessible by students, faculty, and other library information for both staff and patrons. Verde has a Central Knowledge Base, patrons, plus library resources Webinars (web seminars) containing which contains information on all from numerous vendors, demand a weekly informational material is also electronic resources and their global management system for electronic incorporated in Meridian. packaging. Verde is open-URL enabled, resources. The many benefits of works well with SFX Link Resolver electronic resource management systems In the future, Meridian will offer: and ILSs, and provides access to e- include management of electronic • alerts resources. This ERM system will have resources with increased efficiency, • usage statistics the following benefits: and availability of licensing details on • management analysis and • access information, licensing restrictions and permissions, integration reports permissions, and restrictions for of print and electronic holdings, central • programs to batch-load data into end users system for resources, contribution to the system • usage statistics for staff , such as licensing compliance, efficient work acquisitions, access and cost The most recently developed ERM flow with tracking, and clear paths • managing relationships of license for patrons seeking information. The is Verde from ExLibris. Tate Nunley, packages Account Executive at ExLibris, panel presented and described three • individualizing fields to your ERM systems available for libraries, announced that the general release will library be August 15, 2005, with two clients law firms, and information centers. • presenting data in a hierarchical Each institution must decide the best currently signed up. Verde began with manner an International Focus Group and built solution based on cost benefits and level • staffing tool for collection of desired integration. upon the work of the DLF and DLF development decisions ERMI. Verde will manage the electronic • cost analysis for single institutions collection through its entire resource and consortia
Conference Report
Indexes, Taxonomies and the Google Generation: Reported by Sarah Yates What You Don’t Know Will Hurt You University of Minnesota
Roy Tennant opened this year’s BNA, laid the groundwork for the namely those that asked for specific conference by telling us that our program by establishing that free text facts and isolated pieces of information. catalogs “suck” (his word) because searching is not as effective for most The question with the highest success they are more complex than Google types of legal research as using indexes. rate and shortest average search time and Amazon. So it was nice to hear that Knapp discussed a BNA study that for all searchers was, “Can liquor stores there are still some folks out there—not compared law students’ success rates place ads in college newspapers?” even just catalogers—who recognize searching an online publication. Text searchers had almost the same that uncontrolled text searching is not success rate as index searchers, but the ultimate research tool. Not surprisingly, the students had their search time was three and a half higher success rates with the index times longer. In his plenary session, Tennant repeated than with free text searching. What his famous line that only librarians was surprising was how much more Why is index searching better than like to search; everyone else likes successful—and quicker—the index text searching? Knapp touched on to find. Perhaps. But the speakers at searching was for all questions. Three some of the reasons—the reduction “Indexes, Taxonomies and the Google of the questions had a 0 percent success of false positives, the completeness Generation” discredited the premise that rate (within the five-minute time limit) of results, and the role of human input free text searching is an effective way to among text searchers. To be fair, these in ensuring better results—but the find most types of legal information. three questions clearly favored index question was addressed in even more searching—for example, “How many depth by the next two speakers, Dan While the program was aimed primarily death penalty articles have appeared Dabney, senior director for taxonomies at public services folks, many of the since July 1, 2004?” and subject access research (the TSAR points the presenters made were ones tsar) at Thomson/West, and Irene Good, that technical services librarians have Even more striking was the difference educational technology specialist, legal been making all along. in success rates and search times for the information librarian, and lecturer in questions more suited to text searching, Chuck Knapp, indexing manager at law at Boston College Law Library.
Page 40 Technical Services Law Librarian, Vol. 31, No. 1 Dabney’s presentation focused on not use the terms “missing boundaries” Graesser had conducted an e-mail context and its role in five types and “missing concepts,” these were survey of lawyers in her firm on of legal research tools: narrative implicit in her discussion of incomplete their use of various research tools. restatements, codifications, citation results as one of the two major problems Google had the highest usage, but indexes, controlled vocabulary indexes, with text searching; the other was the second-highest were treatises. From this and free text. The first four tools are number of false positives. surprising result, Graesser concluded rich in context, though in slightly that attorneys—and by extension, different ways. In contrast, free text Good talked about her experiences other patrons—are willing to use decontextualizes by presenting pieces working with students on specific law sophisticated tools, but only if they can of information in isolation. school assignments. One assignment see the value in doing so. was to “locate arbitration decisions Why is context so important? Without on procedural arbitrability and private Incidentally, Graesser polled the context, researchers face the problems companies” using CCH or BNA. audience on their use of the same tools of missing comparisons, missing that she surveyed her firm’s attorneys boundaries, and missing concepts. A search for procedural arbitrability on. The number of librarians in the in BNA’s Labor Arbitration database audience who reported low usage of The problem of missing comparisons returned 337 documents, clearly not the library catalog was alarmingly was an interesting one, and it also all relevant. But adding the word high—alarming to a cataloger, anyway. illustrated a problem with indexes and private within ten, one hundred, or Apparently Tennant is not alone in his other controlled vocabularies that are one thousand words of procedural views on our catalogs. “flat” rather than hierarchical. Dabney arbitrability reduced the results too used the term caveat emptor as an much; these searches yielded zero, For what it’s worth, Graesser offered example. A keyword search might find one, and two results respectively—and the following advice to catalogers, all the documents dealing with the those not even relevant. So students indexers, and developers of knowledge principle of caveat emptor, as would relying on a text search would have management systems: “Make your a flat index with a main heading for to browse through 337 documents to system consistent with other systems, the term. But neither would convey determine which ones dealt with private like the Key Number system. Make the relationship of caveat emptor to companies. it consistent with the practices at the increasingly broader concepts (implied institution where it will be used.” Of warranties, warranties, sales) the way a In contrast, the BNA Topic Finder course, this advice would be nearly hierarchical index can. lists all 217 documents on procedural impossible for catalogers to follow arbitrability in private companies (particularly regarding the Key Number Missing boundaries mean that together. Not only that, but many of system), but Graesser was the only researchers can never be sure that the documents don’t even contain the speaker to address technical services their text searches have given them all word procedural in the text. In other librarians directly. the relevant results. One reason that words, the text search yielded both false results may be incomplete is missing positives and incomplete results. All in all, it was a very worthwhile concepts—that is, when the term for the program on an important topic, and all concept the researcher is interested in The final speaker was Christine the speakers were very knowledgeable does not appear in all the documents. For Graesser, information specialist at and engaging. Furthermore, there were example, someone researching chattel Brown, Rudnick, Berlack, Israels LLP in several thought-provoking points for would miss many relevant documents Hartford, Connecticut. Her presentation technical services librarians, even if that refer to specific items of property focused on how to convince patrons, gleaning these points required reading without using the term chattel. particularly in law firms, to use indexes between the lines at times. and taxonomies. While the next speaker, Irene Good, did
Conference Report Reported by Deborah Dennison Outsourcing: Odious or Out-of-the-box? Case Western Reserve University Law School
The target audience for this program given in this presentation. Program various models, and, as evidenced by was law firms, but clearly, outsourcing coordinator Lee Nemchek (Morrison the subject’s growth in the literature, is here to stay and in fact will only & Foerster LLP) succinctly informed convincingly argued that outsourcing increase in every business environment. the audience on the myriad variations is something for which libraries need For that reason, any type of library (or of terminology used in professional to prepare. business) could benefit from information journals about outsourcing, described
Technical Services Law Librarian, September, 2005 Page 41 The variety of terminology used Larry Eiring, following, addressed staff model for others to consider. for outsourcing indicates how concerns at length. widespread the practice has become. Ganesh Natarajan (Mindcrest One might hear “BPO” (business The two following speakers elaborated Inc.) discussed outsourcing from process outsourcing), “select sourcing” on outsourcing’s global aspect from the provider’s position. Although (using multiple outsourcers), “off- interesting, rather polar positions. outsourcing is not new, Natarajan shoring” (outside N. America), “near- H. Larry Eiring (Thomson - Elite) equates its rapid growth to the growth sourcing” (Canada or Mexico), “on- spoke about his experiences as a firm of information technology beginning shoring” (domestic outsourcing), “in- librarian who successfully coordinated about twelve years ago. Other driving sourcing” or “back sourcing” (taking outsourcing services. He detailed factors include the high costs of legal back in house previously outsourced critical steps in the outsourcing process services in the U.S., the availability functions), and “home-sourcing” that would affect a successful outcome, of U.S. legal resources on the World (allows employees to work at home). while strongly emphasizing the forged Wide Web, and (Natarajan’s company Not to mention “transferring out,” partnership between library and is based in India) that India is a low cost “captive outsourcing,”contracting outsourcer, replete with each party’s source of legal talent. responsibilities. out, and co-sourcing. Of the basic Interestingly conceived, this program outsourcing models Lee discussed Despite what might seem its obvious served to somewhat demystify the (including functional area models, advantages, outsourcing is not in every outsourcing concept. Eiring’s sage projects models, staff models, and institution’s best interest. Eiring’s advice in particular was empowering; shared service centers), staff models are thoughtful analysis and methodical i.e., if this should happen to your library, understandably the most controversial. documentation provide a working what is the best way to handle it?
Conference Report
Who’s counting? Who Cares? Revisiting Reported by Nancy Cowden the ABA Statistics Issue Oklahoma City University Law Library
Our program began with Paula Tejeda the ABA questionnaire. The results of committees decide what the questions (Charleston School of Law, South that survey indicated people counted will be for the annual questionnaire. Carolina) reviewing the history of the at different times (e.g., when the item She also mentioned there is only TS-SIS Serials Committee’s charge to was purchased, when the item was one law librarian on the committee work on revised definitions for “serial cataloged, etc.) and they recorded data so there is little influence from law title” and “serial subscription” that the in different ways (e.g., used an in-house librarians. Deans and directors of the ABA could use in their Definitions & formula, kept a list, counted purchase law libraries are currently the ones who Instructions sheet in the annual ABA orders, counted bib records, etc.). He really influence structure, language questionnaire. In the Committee’s concluded by saying that not a single and content of the questionnaire. She attempt to revise the definitions, they question was answered uniformly by mentioned that the AALL Academic realized that the definitions weren’t all respondents. SIS has a statistics committee looking the real problems. The way people into problems with the annual ABA interpret these definitions and others is Jim Mumm talked about the problems questionnaire. the problem. Improved instructions and of deciding how to count, and what to guidelines for understanding what to count as the important questions we In the question and answer part of the count, and how to count, were needed. should be discussing. He mentioned session, the main discussion revolved as an example the Hein bar journal around electronic resources. Questions Other members of the panel discussion subscription – should it be counted were asked about how to count electronic were Joe Hinger (St. John’s University), as one title or counted as fifty titles? resources and where they fit in the ABA Jim Mumm (Marquette University) and He also asked about HeinOnline and questionnaire. Judith Wright, a member Pauline Aranas (University of Southern EbscoHost – count as one or as many? of the ABA Advisory Committee on California). All were given five minutes He concluded by suggesting that we the questionnaire, was in the audience to discuss their problems and concerns need standards written, similar to and informed us that electronic resources with the ABA questionnaire and cataloging standards. are not to be counted anywhere in the difficulties they have encountered in questionnaire - they are not to be the counting process. Joe Hinger talked Pauline Aranas is an outgoing member counted in the title count and are not to about a survey conducted in 1994, of the ABA Section of Legal Education be counted as an active subscription. which asked law librarians how serials & Admissions to the Bar Law Libraries This was news to most of the attendees were counted and what was counted for Committee. She said that other ABA – including myself. She informed us
Page 42 Technical Services Law Librarian, Vol. 31, No. 1 that when old question 3 (i.e., Number spend on them. Several participants our catalog, and/or titles that we pay for of titles of Web-based products to which emphasized the great expense of time and/or available thru law and non-law the library subscribes) was taken out and money it has taken to obtain and consortiums, etc.? Another suggestion of the ABA questionnaire in 2003, the enter the bibliographic records for their was to ask for better guidelines on how counting and reporting of electronic electronic resources into their catalogs. to count active subscriptions for titles titles was to have stopped. Many of the In addition, their directors and deans held in multiple formats. For example, attendees said this was not clearly stated will be very unhappy to hear that these if Harvard Law Review is held in paper, anywhere in the ABA instructions. electronic resources are not to be held in microfiche and held in 3 different Some wanted to count them in question counted as either titles or subscriptions electronic collections – should it be no. 1 because electronic titles are in the current ABA questionnaire. counted as three subscriptions (paper; individually cataloged in their library This creates a big problem for new fiche; and electronic, if put back in the catalog and that should qualify them law school libraries where electronic count), or as five subscriptions (with the to be counted as a “title.” Many resources make up a big percentage of electronic counting as three), or do we wanted to count them in question the collection. only count as one subscription? no. 6 because the definition for serial subscriptions states “… Do not count The purpose of this session was to The discussion was lively and addressed as serial subscriptions titles accessed come to some consensus regarding the real problems. We all agreed that via on-line databases (LEXIS/NEXIS, problems we face in counting, and to doing away with “counting” is out WESTLAW/DIALOG, INTERNET) address the need for specific guidelines of our hands. In order for the results unless the individual title within that to help us count more uniformly. of the ABA questionnaire to have database is a separately cataloged Paula asked the audience to provide some meaning and to be useful for record in the library’s catalog.” some guidance for the TS-SIS Serials comparison from library to library, we Committee since they want to bring need better guidelines and instructions The discussion then turned to whether these issues to the attention of the to help all of us count in the same way. we really wanted to include counting designers of the ABA questionnaire. The TS-SIS Serials Committee plans to electronic resources again and have Suggestions were made to ask for a draft recommendations that will be sent them put back in the ABA questionnaire, revised definition of “non-book format” to the appropriate ABA Committee in especially for titles. Currently the only to include electronic resources, and for hopes that we can get the changes to the question in the ABA questionnaire a definition of “electronic resources” -- questionnaire that will help us. that asks about electronic resources is would it cover titles that are on our web the one asking how much money we pages, and/or titles with bib records in
Conference Report Reported by Carol Morgan Collins Publishing Outside the Law Library Box: Opportunities University of Tennessee Law Library Beyond Law Library Publications Knoxville, Tennessee
This program’s presenters were: If interested in starting a writing others recognize the value of the law Maureen A. Eggert, Coordinator, initiative within an AALL Chapter, she librarian’s skill to the legal profession. Moderator, and Speaker (Wake Forest recommends reading Carol Bannen’s Carol is the Articles Committee Chair of University, Professional Center article, “Write and Reach Out,” that a newly created writing venture begun Library), Carol A. Bannen (Milwaukee was published in the March 2004 issue by the Law Librarians Association law firm of Reinhart, Boerner, Van of AALL Spectrum Magazine. For of Wisconsin (LLAW). Through this Deuren), Shannon Gilreath (Wake additional support, AALL members effort, LLAW has successfully launched Forest University, Professional Center have established a Publishing Interest a public relations campaign to place Library), and George Pike (University Caucus. Eggert says there is a “new articles written by members in a variety of Pittsburgh, Barco Law Library). world open for those wanting to of Wisconsin law publications. Modeled publish.” on successful initiatives of the Virginia Having several CLE publications to Association of Law Libraries (VALL) her credit, Maureen Eggert shared Carol Bannen encouraged each person and the Northern California Association with the audience her enthusiasm in the audience to write at least one of Law Libraries (NOCALL), the for the possibilities that exist for law article this year, and to join the AALL publication efforts of LLAW members librarians to publish within and outside Publishing Interest Caucus. Writing have produced over 200 articles. the field. For aspiring writers, AALL is an excellent way for law librarians chapters offer an excellent opportunity to establish a positive public relations Shannon Gilreath’s frequently asked to begin writing in a formalized manner. campaign for their libraries and to help questions and answers are helpful to
Technical Services Law Librarian, September, 2005 Page 43 aspiring authors. interest. Shannon often writes on the publisher determines what is paid. One topics that he teaches. can generally expect a token royalty Q1. Why write something outside the from book sales. field? Q3. How does one find a publisher? A1. Write because you can and because A3. For journal articles, most people Shannon suggested two key elements you want to. His early efforts were to write an article and then farm it out to for getting started: 1). Pick a topic of prove wrong the notion that seemed to interested law reviews and journals. interest; and 2). Share your work with be prevalent in the legal field--that “no Book publication is a bit different. The colleagues, even though this may bruise law librarian” could contribute to the publisher is often found first, and then the ego—remember that this happens law review literature. He scoffed at the the book is written. Some institutions to all writers. idea and began writing because he was don’t pay for research assistance, and an George Pike authors a monthly “Legal compelled to share his knowledge--and author may need an advance to pursue Issues” column for Information Today. succeed he did. He has written many resources for the research and writing He advises aspiring authors to make published essays and two law review process. their interests known to colleagues and articles. In addition Shannon has a book Q4. How much does it pay? to their AALL chapters. Because law due out this year, Sexual Politics: The librarians have a body of knowledge to Gay Person in America Today. A4. There is no pay for publication in contribute, he recommends writing for law reviews. A gratuity is occasionally Q2. What can one write about? the wider library community, such as given for speaking at a conference on for public or school librarians. A2. He suggests choosing topics of a work. With book publication, the
Conference Report Reported by Deborah Dennison Federated Searching and OpenURL Case Western Reserve University, Law School Library
Eloise Vondruska (Coordinator & databases) from one query. Other used simple keyword searches for Moderator–Northwestern University technology then seamlessly facilitates most of their research. With 85% of School of Law) moving from the specific citation to people using metasearch engines, the H. Frank Cervone (Speaker– the full text. importance of well-designed federated Northwestern University Library) search tools is apparent. This program discussed how Not surprisingly, studies consistently federated searching works, some Problematic areas for federated searching, show that patrons want to use one search current applications in libraries, and such as indexing inconsistencies across interface and connect directly to full text how to implement a federated search databases, and various implementation material. Driven in part by the success service in one’s library. Additionally, issues (licensing, customization) were (i.e., ease of use) of commercial sources the OpenURL standard and other addressed at length. and the increasingly multidisciplinary linking initiatives that enable federated nature of research, there is a strong searching were discussed. If you can, get a copy of Frank’s hand- movement to redesign library OPACs outs. Slides illustrating the process from and webpages to accommodate this. In discussing how patrons search sending a query (multiple database Federated searching allows patrons databases, speaker Frank Cerone search, collection & collation of to search multiple databases (e.g., a noted variations in searching methods info, listing of results) to models of library’s OPAC and selected research between faculty and students. Despite how OpenURLs work are worth the differences, though, both groups proverbial thousand words.
Workshop Report Reported by Linda M. Sobey Electronic Resources: Acquisitions to Access Florida A&M University Law Library
Have you ever wondered how to get resources are managed or what those workshop titled “Electronic Resources access to electronic resources or how to strange acronyms associated with from Acquisition to Access.” Seven write a license agreement for access to electronic resources mean? These are speakers from a variety of institutions an electronic resource? Have you ever but a few of the issues discussed at this presented information on key aspects just been curious how all those electronic year’s AALL sponsored pre-conference involved when considering whether
Page 44 Technical Services Law Librarian, Vol. 31, No. 1 or not to obtain electronic resources of subscriptions by using forms or • Warranties for your library. Topics presented spreadsheets listing all the details about • Indemnities included; 1). Selection/Acquisition, the resources you’re purchasing. • Choice of law / forum (applies to 2). Licensing, 3). Negotiations, 4). govt. institutions) Electronic Resource Management, The second presenter, Tracy L. • Dispute resolution 5). Delivery/Authentication, and Thompson of the New England Law 6). Evaluation and Usage Statistics. Library Consortium (NELLCO) The next section of the workshop, Throughout the workshop attendees discussed licensing issues associated which dealt with license negotiations, were given opportunities to direct with electronic resources. Specific was presented by Diane F. Frake from questions to the speakers. questions discussed were what is a Vermont Law School. First discussed license, who is licensing, why we were the results of a pre-workshop The first topic, “Selection/Acquisition,” license, and what is being licensed. survey which had been emailed to all was presented by Janice Anderson of Guidelines related to licensing can be the workshop participants in advance. Georgetown University Law Library. to help potential buyers with writing, Results of the survey noted that those Items addressed were subscription evaluating, or understanding licenses. who have had negotiation experience databases, Internet resources, and A few of these guidelines are: varied widely as to how much prior sources of reviews. First discussed were • AALL Principles for Licensing training they’d had before having to several of the key criteria that should Electronic Resources negotiate a license. The type of training be followed when deciding whether • Yale’s Web site LIBLICENSE: also varied from law school courses to or not to subscribe to a subscription Licensing Digital Information business/company training to annual database. Ms. Anderson explained how • California Digital Library licensing meetings. The survey results also prospective subscribers should consider guidelines noted that the top reasons why people the frequency of updates, whether the • IFLA licensing guidelines choose not to engage in negotiations resource includes back files or archives, • ICOLC (International Coalition of are anxiety, lack of proper skills and use limitations, whether access is Library Consortia) documents training, lack of bargaining power, and password or IP driven, and if there is dislike of conflict. Those who negotiate strong IT support if needed. One may Licensing is not always an easy task. usually fit into one of five different also want to consider the availability Many people get frustrated because styles: competitors, problem solvers, of training materials, whether or not it can be time consuming, potential compromisers, accommodators, or the source is electronic-only, and subscribers are not always sure they’re conflict avoiders. Other issues involved any copyright issues that may be getting what they pay for, and vendors with negotiating include steps in the associated with it. Aggregators can give don’t always understand the license negotiation process, ethics relating subscribers more flexibility in deciding themselves. Other obstacles include to negotiating, and foundations of what titles and back issues to which the lack of vendors who provide bargaining. they want access, and make it easier agreements for review, publishers or for users to search a variety of journals vendors restricting fair use, or vendors The fourth section of the workshop simultaneously. charging too much for access. So, why dealt with the management of is it important to license a product? One electronic resources. It was presented Also discussed during this session was answer is that it clarifies the rights and by Paul Seeman of the University the availability of many free Internet responsibilities of all parties involved, of Connecticut, and Ted Fons of resources that a library can catalog from the vendor to the user. It also helps Innovative Interfaces. Libraries can and link to its ILS at no cost. Points to to protect users, libraries and vendors. use electronic management resource consider with free Internet resources Two examples of licenses were given to systems to store all the information are their relevancy, the quality and participants to help show how to read about their electronic resources. ERMs content of the site, its ease of use, a license and what to look for as key store license information, manage and whether or not it’s a stable site. components, including: acquisitions workflow, help analyze Some resources mentioned were those collections, keep contact information, containing primary legal material, • Parties help compliance with licensing terms, association and organization websites, • Terms and are a good way to find out why open access journals, and research • Content something is not working. Some guides. Potential subscribers can • Fees / increases key requirements for ERM systems find out more about particular sites or • Authorized users include: deciding on an ERM system, electronic resources before purchasing • Limited or unlimited usage implementing it, and maintaining it. by looking at sources such as Choice • Authorized use These key requirements also come Magazine, Legal Information Buyer’s • Authentication with key issues: deciding what material Guide, and ResourceShelf for reviews • Performance obligations should be included, what exceptions or evaluations. One other important • Perpetual access / archives should be allowed, who examines the item to remember is to keep track • Usage statistics information and fixes discrepancies,
Technical Services Law Librarian, September, 2005 Page 45 how information is presented to staff technology available, problems still Usage statistics can be collected for and the public, and who will make happen because of our need to rely commercial databases, online journals, sure correct standards are followed. on computers that never fail. The and full text aggregators. Information Other important issues are the cost delivery of information can depend may include what resource is being of an ERM system, and whether to upon how you use the resources, how used, how often it’s being used, the use an in-house system or go with an users remotely get to the resources, and cost per article, and a variety of vendor already established provider. Three how well information regarding proxy data. Statistics can also be gathered data elements which will help start the servers is communicated. One type of about searches, connect time, and the implementation of an ERM system are authentication presented uses a single or tracking of the cost of each database a list of sources, a list of titles, and the central sign which is attached to a library subscription. All this information is licensing information. IP address. Another authentication helpful to collection development system is Shibboleth, which is a device librarians, reference librarians, and Stephanie Davidson, Yale Law School, for sharing authentication certifications library administrators when making next presented information on the among systems that allows for a single critical subscription decisions. delivery and authentication of electronic sign-on. With Shibboleth, authentication resources. This refers to the behind- is not tied to any particular IP address. Overall, the workshop presented the-scenes process of getting the many important aspects of electronic information into the users’ hands. Key Dennis Brunning, from Arizona resources for librarians to consider. terminology used when dealing with State University Libraries, gave the Good examples were presented, and the delivery and authentication include: last presentation of the workshop. participation of the attendees resulted in subset, MAC addresses, VPN, and He discussed evaluation and usage good question-and-answer sessions. proxy server. Even with all the current statistics for electronic resources.
Workshop Report Reported by Sallie Smith University of Pittsburgh, Barco Law Library, and Effective Subject Cataloging with Library of Congress Robert Rendall Subject Headings (LCSH) July 15-16, 2005 Columbia University, Arthur W. Diamond Law Library
A diverse mix of thirty novice and for assigning subject headings to law- subject headings using the controlled experienced catalogers attended the related materials, and discussed current vocabulary of Library of Congress inaugural presentation of Effective problems and issues in this constantly Subject Headings. The goal of LCSH Subject Cataloging with Library of evolving area of law librarianship. is to establish uniform headings, based Congress Subject Headings (LCSH). on unbiased natural language and This AALL program was specifically Workshop participants were first contemporary usage, to bring together developed by the presenters for law introduced to the basic principles of works on the same concept. Main subject catalogers, and is an adaptation of the subject analysis. This process involves headings may be topics, form/genre workshop Basic Subject Cataloging scanning the resource as a whole to categories (what the work is, rather than Using LCSH produced by Library of determine what the work is about, its what it is about), or names (constructed Congress’s Program for Cooperative form, and the author’s intent, audience, according to AACR2/LCRI practice). Cataloging (PCC) and ALA’s and viewpoint. A cataloger should These headings may be single words Association for Library Collections consider whether the work concerns or phrases reflecting single or multiple and Technical Services (ALCTS). one topic or several, how multiple concepts, and may be expressed in direct topics relate, and whether there is form (“Child witnesses”) or inverted Program coordinator/moderator Amy a focus on a particular place, time form (“Evidence, Hearsay”). Inverted Lovell introduced our presenters: Alva or person. The result should be a form was initially used to position the T. Stone, Head of Cataloging at the concise, objective mental statement most significant word first for card Florida State University College of Law describing the resource. To reinforce catalog filing, but this practice is less Library, and her colleague from outside these introductory principles, we critical with today’s OPACs and direct the world of legal cataloging, Angela reviewed excerpts from two works of form is now generally preferred. Jones, Manager of Bibliographic current interest (the Sarbanes-Oxley Act Services at the University of Texas at and the Microsoft antitrust appeal) and To guide the cataloger in the selection Dallas University Libraries. Together, tested our analytic skills by identifying of headings, LCSH contains references they led an intensive, informative relevant keywords and concepts. from variant terms to the authorized two-day workshop that reviewed heading and from authorized headings the basic rules and tools of subject The next step is to translate this to related, broader and narrower terms. cataloging, provided specific guidelines descriptive statement into representative Occasional scope notes provide detailed
Page 46 Technical Services Law Librarian, Vol. 31, No. 1 instructions on the correct application are available online by subscription to the same elements are not separated in of particular headings. (“Husband and LC’s Cataloger’s Desktop. An essential the catalog. Generally, when a heading wife” has a more specific meaning in secondary resource for law catalogers string concerns aspects of a place, LCSH than in ordinary conversation!) is the AALL publication Cataloging the basic order is [Place]—[Topic]— The selection of subject headings should Legal Literature: A Manual on AACR2 [Chronological Period]—[Form]. When be guided by objectivity (focusing on and Library of Congress Subject the string begins with a topic and a the author’s intent rather than personal Headings for Legal Materials, 3rd ed., geographical subdivision is present, value judgments), and specificity by Melody Busse Lembke and Rhonda the basic order is [Topic]—[Place]— (broader headings are assigned only K. Lawrence. [Chronological Period]—[Form]. when required or when a precise Our instructional session on authority heading is not available). While it may Having covered the basic rules and tools records included several exercises on be helpful to search library catalogs and of subject cataloging, our presenters interpreting authority records and LCSH bibliographic utilities to find subject discussed subject authority records, scope notes in order to apply appropriate headings applied to similar works, we their elements and coding. Subject headings and subdivisions. were warned against relying on records authority records are constructed in that may contain obsolete headings. MARC format, and like bibliographic On the program’s second day, Alva or holdings records have their own Stone presented “Law Topics in Subject Generally, LC practice is to assign one set of fixed and variable fields. LC’s Headings Practice,” a session developed or more headings (but no more than new publication Understanding entirely by our presenters for this 10!) that best summarize the overall MARC Authority Records is a useful version of the workshop. Participants content of the work and provide access introductory guide. Authority records were introduced to the differing subject to those topics comprising at least 20 are available on the Library of Congress cataloging practices for primary percent of that total content. Catalogers Authorities site, http://authorities.loc. legal material, individual texts of should apply the “rule of three” by (1) gov, as well as on LC’s subscription- primary material and secondary works. assigning up to three headings when a based Classification Web. Bibliographic Rules were reviewed for applying work discusses several distinct topics; utilities also provide access to the full subject headings to such resources as (2) using a single inclusive heading file, as do many library systems. constitutions and constitutional law, when a work discusses two or three to “laws” in general, and to judicial subtopics; (3) using a broader heading Subdivisions (topical, geographic, and administrative decisions. Careful if a work discusses more than three chronological, or form) may be added reading of scope notes is important for subtopics unless there are only four to a main heading to narrow the scope the proper application of legal subject subtopics and it is preferable to describe or emphasize a specific aspect of a headings. For example, the headings those individually. (This exception is subject. Subject authority records, in “Statutes” and “Legislation” are used apparently known as the “rule of four”!) conjunction with LCSH and SCM: only as topical headings for works Subject headings are usually ordered so SH, provide guidance on applying about these subjects and not as form that the first heading reflects the primary and ordering subdivisions under main headings for actual statutes or laws. focus of the work and corresponds to the headings. Some subdivisions apply Using selected authority records, we assigned call number. Other headings only to specific headings, and are tested our ability to formulate subject should follow in descending order of listed under that heading in LCSH. headings for several legal topics. importance. Some main headings are authorized for geographic subdivision and are The coverage of legal practices A display of print tools for subject noted as “(May Subd Geog)” in LCSH. continued with a discussion of the analysis was provided by Angela Jones, Free-floating subdivisions are more use of subdivisions. Before applying a who drove to the workshop from Dallas. generally-used subdivisions that can subdivision listed in SCM:SH as free- The most familiar of these resources be applied to broad groups of headings floating under legal topics, the cataloger was the five-volume set of LCSH, according to SCM:SH guidelines. The must determine whether that main commonly known as the “big red LC’s annual publication Free-Floating heading itself is legal. Headings which books,” now in its 28th edition (2005) Subdivisions: an Alphabetical Index is contain the words “law,” “legislation” and containing approximately 284,500 useful for locating appropriate SCM:SH or “regulation” are obviously legal. entries.1 Also displayed was the four- instructions. Our presenters cautioned Other headings, such as “Bribery,” volume loose-leaf Subject Cataloging that even if a free-floating subdivision “Servitudes,” and “Copyright,” are also Manual: Subject Headings (SCM:SH).2 appears to be valid with a particular inherently legal but not obviously so. Originally an in-house procedure manual main heading, LCSH may specify The LCSH entry, scope note, related for LC catalogers, this publication now instead that a single established heading references and authority record may serves a broader audience by providing be used. provide clues as to whether or not a instructions for standardization and heading is legal in nature. General consistency in applying LCSH. Updated A standardized order of subdivisions subjects can become legal topics when versions of these print publications is essential to ensure that strings with a legal subdivision such as “Legal
Technical Services Law Librarian, September, 2005 Page 47 status, laws, etc.” is added. Conversely, video and sound recordings are given reflect its content, whether the user a heading string can lose its legal nature form/genre headings. would look under these headings for when a non-legal subdivision such this type of material, and whether the as “Taxation” is added to the legal Finally, our presenters discussed how assigned headings collocate the work main heading. Not all subdivisions are to evaluate existing subject headings with similar works in the collection. equally free-floating: the subdivision in cataloging copy. We reviewed the Revisiting our initial exercise on the “Law and legislation” is permitted to subject cataloging tools to which we Sarbanes-Oxley Act and the Microsoft float freely only under a limited number had been introduced, and were reminded antitrust appeal, we evaluated the of topical categories, and any other that the absence of an explicit authority subject headings assigned at LC in light use of it, however tempting, must be record for a given subject string does of all that we had learned. specifically authorized in LCSH. not mean that the string is invalid. When evaluating headings, catalogers should This summary barely begins to reflect The legal topics section ended with ask themselves: (1) do the assigned the wealth of information conveyed more exercises, and was followed headings reflect the content of the at the Effective Subject Cataloging by a session on subject cataloging of work? (2) is the heading string valid with LCSH workshop. Fortunately, such specialized formats as serials and (authorized by authority records or Alva Stone and Angela Jones are electronic resources. “Periodicals” SCM:SH and in the appropriate order)? willing to share their expertise with is the most commonly used form (3) is the MARC coding correct? The interested groups to promote effective subdivision for serials, and prior to presenters then evaluated eight complex law cataloging using LCSH. We look 1991 this was used for law reviews as examples of subject strings by reviewing forward to seeing more of them in the well (“Law—Periodicals”). Now, “Law their structure and identifying which future. reviews” have their own genre heading. resources to consult for each stage of Various form and topical subdivisions the analysis. Footnotes for electronic resources were discussed 1 LCSH is updated by L.C. Subject and distinguished. We were directed to In conclusion, participants were given Headings Weekly Lists on the Library use a locally assigned 655 field if we a checklist to follow when assigning of Congress’s Cataloging Policy and want to add unauthorized form headings LCSH subject headings and some Support Office home page at http:// such as “Web sites” and “Online methods for testing the effectiveness lcweb.loc.gov/catdir/cpso/cpso. databases” to our catalogs. Integrating of the results. Such subject cataloging html#subjects. assessment may include asking whether resources have no special subject 2 Additions and changes to SCM:SH heading or subdivision to indicate their the assigned headings express the work’s uniqueness and accurately are noted in LC’s quarterly Cataloging updating characteristic, and only fiction Service Bulletin.
Workshop Report Reported by Cathy Rentschler Effective Subject Cataloging with LCSH Stetson University College of Law Library
I was fortunate to have been awarded policies over time, but often I’m not American Library Association). a TS-SIS Education Grant to attend sure which is current usage and which is the Effective Subject Cataloging with past practice. I also expected to benefit The workshop is based on training LCSH workshop on July 15-16, 2005, from a refresher on cataloging principles materials developed jointly by the in San Antonio. I had applied for the and tools, which have certainly changed Program for Cooperative Cataloging, grant because I expected this workshop since I obtained my MLS. Standing Committee on Training and to benefit me in my daily work. I have the Subject Analysis Committee of the been a librarian for more than 30 years, My expectations were more than met Association for Library Collections and but I have been a law librarian for fewer during the workshop. Speakers Angela Technical Services, with substantial than three years. My previous experience Jones (University of Texas at Dallas revisions to reflect the materials to law with LCSH (especially geographic and University Libraries) and Alva T. Stone library collections. (Head of Cataloging, FSU College chronological subdivisions) and with Workshop materials included a large MARC coding was limited. of Law Library) are both official trainers with the Cataloger’s Learning loose-leaf notebook covering 15 topics, I expected this workshop to help me Workshop, a cooperative project of from broad principles of subject analysis understand the inconsistencies I find the Library of Congress, the Program to special practices for law materials, in LC and OCLC database records. for Cooperative Cataloging and the such as legislative histories, and These inconsistencies may be a result Association for Library Collections and distinguishing between similar topics of changes to LCSH structure and/or Technical Services (a division of the such as Forms (Law) versus Forms as
Page 48 Technical Services Law Librarian, Vol. 31, No. 1 a form subdivision. The manual made instructions for treaties, trials, digests 2. Any “general” subject becomes a it easy to follow the lectures and take and other legal materials throughout the “legal topic” as soon as one of these notes, and is a valuable resource. two days of the workshop. Although I three subdivisions is added: Law and keep SCM in my office, I hadn’t been legislation, or Legal status, laws, etc., Each of the 15 topics was followed by using it as often as I should. I didn’t or Safety regulations. exercises. The revision of the exercises realize how many questions could be to focus on legal materials must have answered by referring to its lists and 3. For works about civil trials, headings taken the presenters a great deal of guidelines. for both parties are normally used. time to prepare, since attendees needed However, for criminal trials, there not only sample bibliographic records The final session was a handy checklist usually is a heading only for the but also resources such as authority of steps for testing results. One of defendant. This is because in criminal records, lists of appropriate LCSH the steps reminds catalogers about trials the prosecution is the local, state terms to choose from, and a variety of free-floating subdivisions, the rule of or federal government. lists and instructions from the Subject specificity, proper order within subject Cataloging Manual: Subject Headings strings and the order of headings in the This intensive workshop was packed (SCM). record. with information, and I was not surprised to hear that it was “sold out” One of the best sessions covered essential Among the things I learned at this well before the registration deadline. I tools and other resources for subject workshop, three that I will use often am grateful to the Technical Services analysis. The presenters emphasized are: Special Interest Section for giving the importance of guidelines for legal me the opportunity to take advantage materials that are provided in Subject 1. Although CRIMINAL PROVISIONS of it. Cataloging Manual: Subject Headings is a free-floating subdivision under (SCM). Its importance was borne out legal topics, it should not be used under by the constant use made of SCM headings for crimes.
continued from page 1 librarians who just wanted to get to know me a little bit better, and who wanted to give me words of advice and wisdom for my current job search and for the longevity of my library career. But it was the members of the TS-SIS that made me feel like a true Library Goddess. I met up with Karen Douglas for the first time when I went to register for the conference, and it was then that I knew this conference was going to be more than just a bunch of informative meetings. She was fun and enthusiastic about technical services and every time I was around her I felt like a technical services cheerleader/recruiter, and I am sure she will be a great Chairperson for the TS-SIS this year for that reason alone. To highlight a few of the events and meetings I attended, let me first start with the fact that I signed up as a volunteer for the Annual Meeting, and that was one of the best things I could have done. On Saturday morning I headed over to the CONELL check-in to see if there was anything I could do to be of service, and I found that my VIP Guest badge got me a front row seat in one of the most beneficial workshops a new law librarian can ever attend. I met so many librarians in such a short amount of time, that by the end of the lunch I had to head back over to my hotel room so that I could restock up on my business cards. After CONELL, I visited the Job Placement Office located in the conference hotel. I found that the placement office was a highly useful place for anyone seeking employment, and during my time at the conference I managed to have quite a few formal and informal job interviews. My first TS-SIS event was the TS-SIS Executive Board meeting, where I got to listen to all the work that the TS-SIS had done for the past year and also see the preparations that the Executive Board made for the TS-SIS business meeting that was scheduled for the following afternoon. While at the conference I attended several meetings and programs. My goal was to try to attend a very wide variety of activities so that I could experience as much of the conference as I could. Since I am new to the profession, I found that there is no way to attend every program that you would like, but on the plus side you can always purchase an audio cassette of the program you missed or at the very least print out the handouts from that program. I got the chance to attend the TS-SIS business meeting as well as the TS-SIS Program Committee meeting, the Black Caucus meeting and several receptions and parties for various AALL SIS groups and chapters. I also volunteered to help at the Family Social Hour event, which was great fun with librarians and their families, and enjoy some Haagen Dazs ice cream! On my last full day in San Antonio, I perused the exhibit hall thoroughly and collected as many goodies and informative flyers that I could carry at one time. I did not win the new lap top computer or iPod shuffle that were being auctioned off, but I enjoyed the exhibit hall just the same. As I was heading back to my hotel room to stash my goodies in my newly purchased duffle bag (I had to get it all back home somehow!) I ran into former AALL President Carol Avery Nicholson who promptly turned me right around and led me to the AALL General Business Meeting, which I am extremely glad that I got to attend. At the General Business Meeting I felt like I was able to get a better understanding of the climate and culture of AALL on
Technical Services Law Librarian, September, 2005 Page 49 many different topics, from items specific to the profession to the pulse of the organization on the war in Iraq. My final social event of the conference was a wonderful dinner gathering of minority librarians at a fantastic restaurant named Hoover’s Home Cookin’. At this dinner I met so many new people of all cultural and ethnic backgrounds, and I enjoyed hearing about their experience as law librarians. I was so overwhelmed by the number of long term professional and personal relationships that were apparent among many of the librarians in attendance, that I (a normally very shy person) stepped up to the microphone and thanked the TS-SIS and Karen Douglas for making this conference the greatest experience of my very young career. Seeing as how I am only twenty-four years old I know that I will have many more quality experiences with AALL and with the Technical Services SIS, and I feel secure in having made the decision to become a law librarian. In closing I would just like to say “Thank you all” for allowing me to take part in such a wonderful conference, and thank you for risking something different in giving a library student the chance to experience AALL from a VIP point of view. The memories of my first AALL Annual Meeting as well as my membership with this organization will last a lifetime.
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