AOSS 102: Extreme Weather Hurricanes Lecture 13 7 October 2015

Satellite Photo (with enhanced colors) taken on Oct/5/2015 8am EDT Logiscs for the Exam: Oct/9 10-11am • Exam is on paper, be physically present and bring a pen • Open-book (hardcopy or e-book) • Open-notes (lecture notes & personal notes in printed or electronic form (laptop), internet Canvas page and Acve Learning Plaorm) • No open internet, you are not allowed to google the quesons (this will be considered cheang and leads to 0 points) • Sign an honor code that you did not use the internet (except the Canvas page / Acve Learning Plaorm) • Exam will cover textbook chapters 1-4 (no hurricanes), about 26 mulple choice quesons, about 7 short answer/graph quesons

Logiscs: • All students with last names that start with A-K: Angell Hall Auditorium C • All students with last names that start with L-Z: Angell Hall Auditorium D Torrenal Rainfall in South Carolina: Caused by stalled frontal zone and Joaquin

Total rainfall amounts from late September unl Oct/5/2015: 1 in a 1000 years flood Torrenal Rainfall in South Carolina: Caused by stalled coastal frontal zone and

L

L: Hurricane Joaquin

Streamlines on Oct/4/2015: Hurricane Joaquin supplies the frontal Low with addional moisture Hurricane Joaquin: Status on Oct/6/2015

Source: NOAA's GOES-East satellite showing Hurricane Joaquin on 10/6/2015 at 10:45am EDT Hurricane Joaquin: Projected Track Joaquin will undergo a transion to an on Wednesday aernoon while approaching Europe.

Status on Oct/5/2015 www.weather.com Naming Convenon for Atlanc Hurricanes

Names are in alphabecal order and are assigned once the system reaches tropical storm strength. The names of severe hurricanes will be rered and are never used again, like Katrina.

Source: hps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2015_Atlanc_hurricane_season 2015 Atlanc Hurricane Season unl 9/30 So far 10 named tropical storms, 3 hurricanes, among them only 2 major hurricanes (category 3+), season sll runs unl Nov/30/2015

Dots represent the center posions every 6 hours, red colors: more intense

Map without Hurricane Joaquin hps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2015_Atlanc_hurricane_season Current Hurricane Acvity in the Central/ Eastern Pacific

Status on Oct/6/2015 Projected Track and Strength of Hurricane Oho

Status on Oct/6/2015 2015 Pacific Hurricane Season unl 9/30 Acve Season: So far 21 named tropical storms, 13 hurricanes, among them 8 major hurricanes (Cat. 3+), season sll runs unl Nov/30/2015

Dots represent the center posions every 6 hours, red colors: more intense

Map without Hurricane Oho hps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2015_Pacific_hurricane_season Short Answer Image Quiz Anatomy: 3D Satellite View of passing over the Gulf of Mexico on August 28, 2005

• Cutaway view shows concentric bands of heavy rain (in red) • Heaviest rain rates are near the eyewall • Tall cloud towers are 16 km high (red spikes)

Fig. 13.5, p. 365 Anatomy of a

Somemes: Double eyewall, undergoes eyewall replacement cycles

hp://www.weather.com/storms/hurricane/video/anatomy-of-a-hurricane Cross-secon of a Hurricane

Wind speed is at a maximum in the eyewall. The horizontal Fig. 13.8, p. 367 variaon of the pressure (pressure gradient) is the greatest here. Surface Wind Speeds & Direcons

• Counterclockwise rotaon of Hurricane Dora (Aug. ’99) in the Northern Hemisphere • Color indicates wind speed • Arrows indicate wind direcon • Highest wind speeds occur in the eyewall

Fig. 13.9, p. 369 Image Quiz Surface Wind Speeds

The winds are typically strongest to the right of the path of the hurricane. Fig. 13.17, p. 377 Mulple Choice Tropical Cyclone Formaon and Development

Source: www.eg.gc.ca Tropical Cyclone Categories

Source: coolgeography.co.uk Mulple Choice