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OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE ITALIAN SOCIETY OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY Journal of Editor-in-chief: Alessandro Rossi Special Issue VOL. 26 - 2020 NUMBER Cited in: EMBASE - Excerpta Medica Database • Index Copernicus • PsycINFO • SCOPUS • Google Scholar, ESCI (WoS) Trauma: psychopathology, boundaries an treatment Guest Editor: Liliana Dell’Osso, Alessandro Rossi OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE ITALIAN SOCIETY OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY Journal of Editor-in-chief: Alessandro Rossi International Editorial Board R. Roncone (University of L’Aquila, Italy) D. Baldwin (University of Southampton, UK) A. Rossi (University of L’Aquila, Italy) D. Bhugra (Emeritus Professor, King’s College, London, UK) A. Siracusano (University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy) J.M. Cyranowski (University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, USA) A. Vita (ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy) V. De Luca (University of Toronto, Canada) B. Dell’Osso (“Luigi Sacco” Hospital, University of Milan, Italy) Italian Society of Psychopathology A. Fagiolini (University of Siena, Italy) Executive Council N. Fineberg (University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK) President: A. Rossi • Past President: A. Siracusano A. Fiorillo (University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy) Secretary: E. Aguglia •Treasurer: S. Galderisi B. Forresi (Sigmund Freud Privat Universität Wien GmbH, Milan, Italy) Councillors: M. Biondi, B. Carpiniello, M. Di Giannantonio, C.A. Altamura, T. Ketter (Professor Emeritus, Stanford University, Stanford, USA) E. Sacchetti, A. Fagiolini, M. Amore, P. Monteleone, P. Rocca G. Maina (University “San Luigi Gonzaga”, Turin, Italy) V. Manicavasagar (Black Dog Institute, Randwick, Australia) P. Monteleone (University of Salerno, Italy) Founders: Giovanni B. Cassano, Paolo Pancheri D. Mueller (University of Toronto, Canada) Editorial Assistant: Roberto Brugnoli, Francesca Pacitti, Milena Mancini S. Pallanti (Stanford University Medical Center, USA) C. Pariante (King’s College, London, UK) Managing Editor: Patrizia Alma Pacini J. Parnas (University of Copenhagen, Denmark) Editorial and Scientific Secretariat: Valentina Barberi, Pacini Editore Srl, Via Gherardesca 1, 56121 S. Pini (University of Pisa, Italy) Pisa •Tel. 050 3130376 • Fax 050 3130300 • [email protected] P. Rucci (“Alma Mater Studiorum” University of Bologna, Italy) © Copyright by Pacini Editore Srl N. Sartorius (Emeritus Professor, University of Geneva, Switzerland) Publisher: Pacini Editore Srl, Via Gherardesca 1, 56121 Pisa • www.pacinimedicina.it J. Treasure (King’s College, London, UK) Advisory Board E. Aguglia (University of Catania, Italy) M. Amore (University of Genoa, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy) L. Bellodi (Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy) A. Bertolino (University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Consorziale Policlinico, Bari, Italy) M. Biondi (Sapienza University of Rome, Italy) B. Carpiniello (University of Cagliari, Italy) F. Catapano (University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy) VOL. 26 - 2020 D. De Ronchi (University of Bologna, Italy) L. Dell’Osso (University of Pisa, Italy) NUMBER M. Di Giannantonio (University of Chieti, Italy) A. Favaro (University of Padova, Italy) Cited in: S. Galderisi, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy) EMBASE - Excerpta Medica Database • Index Copernicus D. La Barbera (University of Palermo, Italy) M. Maj (University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy) PsycINFO • SCOPUS • Google Scholar • Emerging Sources Citation Index P. Rocca (University of Turin, Italy) (ESCI), a new edition of Web of Science Contents Editorial Trauma: psychopathology, boundaries and treatment Liliana Dell’Osso, Claudia Carmassi, Alessandro Rossi ..................................................................................................................... 1 Opinion and perspectives Trauma, PTSD and post-traumatic stress spectrum: 15 years’ experience on a multidimensional approach to trauma related psychopathology Claudia Carmassi, Filippo Maria Barberi, Annalisa Cordone, Alessandra Maglio, Valerio Dell’Oste, Liliana Dell’Osso ............................... 4 Original articles Autistic traits and rumination as vulnerability factors towards post-traumatic stress symptoms: shaping psychopathological trajectories Liliana Dell’Osso, Dario Muti, Primo Lorenzi, Alessandra Della Vecchia, Claudia Carmassi, Barbara Carpita ......................................... 12 Clinical correlates of trauma spectrum and bipolar disorder Aurora Santucci, Simone Bolognesi, Arianna Goracci, Serena Piccione, Costanza Taddeucci, Pier Francesco Laurenzi, Andrea Fagiolini ..................................................................................................................................... 21 The relationship between childhood trauma and aberrant salience: a preliminary study in patients with Schizophrenia Pasquale De Fazio, Valentina Pugliese, Matteo Cattolico, Matteo Aloi, Cristina Segura-Garcia ............................................................ 28 Increased BDNF levels after a trauma A pilot study on clinical and non-clinical samples, exposed or non-exposed to an earthquake Paolo Stratta, Roberto L. Bonanni, Francesca Pacitti, Adriano Angelucci, Nicola Origlia, Luciano Domenici, Claudia Carmassi, Liliana Dell’Osso, Alessandro Rossi ....................................................................................... 36 Somatization and traumatic events in asylum seekers and refugees resettled in Italy Lorenzo Tarsitani, Liliana Todini, Valentina Roselli, Riccardo Serra, Valentina Magliocchetti, Dunia D’Amore, Bianca Della Rocca, Massimo Pasquini, Paola Massetti,Massimo Biondi ......................................................................................... 41 Adverse experiences in childhood: association with metacognition, personality disorders and distress Ilaria Riccardi, Elena Bilotta, Luigi Leone, Giuseppe Nicolò, Michele Procacci, Antonio Semerari, Antonino Carcione ........................... 46 Reviews Early stress and dissociation: psychopathological pathways Mario Amore, Gianluca Serafini .................................................................................................................................................... 54 The biological correlates of childhood trauma in first episode psychosis Sarah Tosato, Simona Tomassi ................................................................................................................................................... 70 Early traumatic experiences and eating disorders: a focus on the endogenous stress response system Francesca Marciello, Alessio Maria Monteleone, Gimmarco Cascino, Giuseppina Patriciello, Francesca Pellegrino, Palmiero Monteleone ....... 77 Metabolic dysfunctions in people with post-traumatic stress disorder Francesco Bartoli, Cristina Crocamo, Giuseppe Carrà .................................................................................................................... 85 Sleep, stress and trauma Valentina Socci, Rodolfo Rossi, Dalila Talevi, Claudio Crescini, Daniela Tempesta, Francesca Pacitti ................................................. 92 PTSD in the aftermath of a natural disaster: what we learned from the Pisa-L’Aquila Collaboration Project Claudia Carmassi, Alessandro Rossi, Virginia Pedrinelli, Ivan Mirko Cremone, Valerio dell’Oste, Paolo Stratta, Carlo Antonio Bertelloni, Liliana Dell’Osso ........................................................................................................................................................................ 99 Oxytocin in the prevention and the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials Giorgio Di Lorenzo, Lucia Longo, Tommaso B. Jannini, Cinzia Niolu, Rodolfo Rossi, Alberto Siracusano .......................................... 107 VOLUME 26 - MARCH 2020 1 JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY 2020;26:1-3; Editorial doi: 10.36148/2284-0249-371 Trauma: psychopathology, boundaries and treatment Liliana Dell’Osso1, Claudia Carmassi2, Alessandro Rossi2 1 Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy; 2 Department of Biotechnological and Applied Sciences and ASL, University of L’Aquila, Italy The traumatic nature of some mental disorders has been underlined for over a century; however, it is in the last 20 years that knowledge on epide- miological, clinical and neurobiological characteristics of psychopatho- logical reactions to trauma exposure has gained an undeniable progress. First introduced in psychiatric nosography in the DSM-III (APA, 1980), in light of the evidence emerged in the veterans exposed to the Vietnam war, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and its related disorders, have been progressively investigated in victims of specific trauma, particularly sexual or physical violence, general population exposed to human made or natural disasters, up to wide epidemiological samples. Relevant neu- robiological, genetic and neuroimaging findings have thus consistently emerged. As a matter of fact, a more accurate definition of these con- ditions has been achieved, leading to the acknowledgment of their dis- tinctiveness from other mental disorders, particularly anxiety disorders, so that the DSM-5 first devoted a specific chapter to trauma and stress related disorders, highlighting their specific nature. Besides specific neu- Received: December 14, 2019 Accepted: January 15, 2020 robiological alterations, these disorders still share the risk of a frequent chronic