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Orford and Gedgrave Parish Plan 2005 PRODUCED by the COMMUNITY of ORFORD and GEDGRAVE with Help From

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Orford and Gedgrave Parish Plan 2005 PRODUCED by the COMMUNITY of ORFORD and GEDGRAVE with Help From Please develop carefully Orford and Gedgrave Parish Plan 2005 PRODUCED BY THE COMMUNITY OF ORFORD AND GEDGRAVE with help from and “We are very fortunate in our environment and in the range of facilities Orford has (shops, garage, pubs etc.). We must ensure we keep these. The village should be allowed slowly and organically to grow in order to remain a working community” Orford and Gedgrave The early history The early history of the formation of Orford Ness, and the construction of the river walls, both very significant in the development of any sort of a settlement at Orford, is unknown. Two documents predating the construction of the castle refer to a market and a causeway, so it seems that there was certainly a village of sorts in the early 12th century. The Castle and the development of the town of Orford Orford’s fortunes changed dramatically when King Henry II chose Orford as the site on which to build a new castle. Development of the town followed the castle. Trade increased and merchant guilds were formed during the Middle Ages. Orford’s market was held on Mondays with an annual fair on August 24th, St Bartholomew’s day. On July 7th 1579, in the reign of Queen Elizabeth I, the burgesses of Orford acquired a charter which incorporated the town as a free borough with a common seal and with power to hold property and to hold a court. The corporation was to consist of a mayor, eight portmen (in most boroughs called aldermen), and twelve capital burgesses. Orford began sending two representatives to Parliament and the town continued to send two MPs to Westminster until 1832. Orford castle was the property of the Kings of England for just over 150 years until 1336 when King Edward III sold it to Robert of Ufford, Earl of Suffolk and it remained in private hands until Sir Arthur Churchman bought it in 1928 and presented it to the nation. The first mayor of Orford was James Coe who acquired property in Orford, including the lease on Chantry and Raydon Marshes. When he died in 1591 he left the leases, money and land in Castle Hill to the corporation to be used for charitable purposes. He also gave a silver gilt mace still owned by the Orford Town Trust. The Orford Town Trust became the custodian trustees of the castle and it was opened to the public in 1930. In 1962 the castle and the responsibility for its upkeep were transferred to the Ministry of Works, later the Department of the Environment and then English Heritage. Signs of decline The first office-holders under the 1579 charter were a group of men who had worked hard to raise the money needed to petition the Queen for the charter. The petition stated that the town was in a state of ruin and decay as economic conditions had undoubtedly worsened over the previous 50 or so years, due to the downturn in the fishing industry, continental wars disrupting trade, and piracy. Access to the river through the shifting shingle bar at the tip of Orford Ness became more difficult as boats increased in size. The corporation was responsible for the quay and for regulating the fisheries and oyster beds in the river and they took pains to keep outsiders away. Many boats were engaged in the coastal trade exporting wool and dairy produce and importing coal. Keeping the quay in repair was a constant preoccupation and great expense to the inhabitants until it was let on a repairing lease in 1743 and sold in 1813 to the Marquis of Hertford. It is now back in the ownership of the New Orford Town Trust. The quay along with the river and the river bed, which, unusually for a tidal river, are also owned by the Town Trust, are a source of revenue from mooring, fishing and landing charges to this day. Hard times The difficult trading conditions hinted at when Orford acquired its charter became a reality within 100 years. In 1673 Orford was described as “in former times a Town of good account for fishing, but that trade being lost, the Town cannot find itself”. The hearth tax returns of the following year record 5 empty properties, 20 households too poor to pay the tax and only 37 households able to pay. Daniel Defoe described Orford in 1722 as “once a good Town, but now decayed”. Later history In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries Orford, having lost the outstanding economic prosperity it had enjoyed in the later Middle Ages, became more and more dependent on the owners of the Sudbourne Estate, the principal landowners and employers in the district. The town assumed much of the character of an estate village, but the population climbed steeply to over 1200, almost twice that of today. The Orford Town Trust was constituted in 1889 to hold and administer the property of the old corporation and in 1996 the New Orford Town Trust was formed from the former Orford Town Trust and three other Orford charities. The Town Lands and relief of the poor The rent income from houses and land belonging to the corporation was applied to poor relief thus reducing the amount of rates paid by the householders. Some of the Town Lands were sold to private individuals, but much has been used for the provision of housing including Bakers Lane and the Town Farm Estate. The Town Marsh, now the Quay Street car park, continues to be a useful source of revenue to this day. In 1902, after the old corporation had been dissolved and the Orford Town Trust set up in its place, the present Town Hall was built on the Market Square. Additional rooms were added in 2001 along with extensive refurbishment to allow the building to continue to be used for village functions. The current position The village is now administered by a combination of elected bodies. At the highest level we are answerable to Central Government and the laws that they lay down Suffolk County Council is responsible for the major decisions which affect Orford and the rest of Suffolk County Councillor: Rosie Clarke Suffolk Coastal District Council determine policy for local planning and environmental services etc. District Councillor: Ray Herring Orford and Gedgrave Parish Council administers local decisions Chairman of the Parish Council: Sue Johnston The New Orford Town Trust, which is represented by the parish councillors as trustee, continues to be responsible for the assets belonging to the village Chairman of The New Orford Town Trust: Ian Thornton Town Clerk: Rosie Keeble Treasurer: Valerie van Leeuwerden Chairman of Riverside Committee: Tony Logan Committee Members: Colin Barry; Keble Paterson; Matthew Smy; Roger Hipwell Chairman of Estates Committee: Ian Thornton Committee Members: Joy Castle; Derek Forbes; Roger Smith Chairman of Highways Committee: Ron Mellor Committee Members: Margaret Green; Margaret Smith; Phillip Tricker A number of charitable trusts manage various other assets and activities in the village including the Orford Recreation Ground, Esmond House Day Centre and Chapman House Surgery. Where responses to the Parish Plan questionnaire suggest actions, the relevant responsible body or bodies are identified in the observations or comments. Orford and Gedgrave Parish Plan 2005 The Orford and Gedgrave Parish Plan has been produced by a small team of volunteers who believe that the opportunity provided by central government for funding a community wide poll to gather the views of everyone in the village who was prepared to respond is fundamental to developing the village as the majority of residents would prefer. The quote on the front of this document is taken directly from one of the questionnaires and it succinctly summarises the views expressed by the majority of the respondents. We trust that decision making bodies will listen and take action in accordance with these views Orford and Gedgrave Parish Plan The Orford and Gedgrave Parish Plan has been produced from the responses to a questionnaire which was hand delivered to every household and business in the parish. The questionnaire was developed by a small team of volunteers from a general purpose parish plan software package with the content of the final document being modified to incorporate many comments and recommendations made by visitors to an open weekend in Orford Town Hall over the late May Bank Holiday in 2005. The cost of the production of the plan, including the printing of questionnaires and reports, has been taken by the Parish Council (£250), New Orford Town Trust (£250) and Rural Action East (£2,500). All the members of the development team gave their time voluntarily. When the original decision was made to go ahead with the production of a Parish Plan, there were many people who questioned the need but the results do appear to provide strong evidence that the village is, and should continue to be, a vibrant and caring community with good opportunities for encouraging the younger generation to play a vital role in its development. The major organisations and businesses with an interest in the future development of the parish were invited to contribute to the production of the plan and about half of those invited accepted and made some contribution. Coincidentally the response rate for the questionnaires was also around fifty percent with 221 being returned representing a total of 484 individuals recording their views on the topics covered by the document. The response rate is disappointing but it is above the national parish plan average of forty percent returns. Slightly more than eighty percent of the households that responded identified Orford as being their main residence with slightly less than eighty percent of the individuals living in the parish for more than 4 nights a week.
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