Sustainable Forest Management of Areas, surrounding Old-Growth and Virgin Forests
• Conference on Virgin and Old-Growth Forests: Saving the Natural Treasure
• Lutz Fähser Kiew, Dec.7, 2016 NEW AGE in FORESTRY worldwide International Earth Summit Rio de Janeiro in 1992
- Convention on Climate Change
- Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)
- Declaration on Forests
- Action Program “Agenda 21” Sustainable development: harmonize - ecology - society - economy
S U S T A I N A B I L I T Y
1992 Earth Summit Rio de Janeiro:
“Sustainable Development “ meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.” Six Pan-European Criteria (Helsinki-Process) for Sustainable Forest Management (SFM)
1. Maintenance and appropriate enhancement of forest resources and their contribution to global carbon cycles
2. Maintenance of forest ecosystem health and vitality
3. Maintenance and encouragement of productive functions (of forests wood and non-wood)
4. Maintenance, conservation and appropriate enhancement of biological diversity in forest-ecosystems
5. Maintenance and appropriate enhancement of protective functions in forest management (notably soil and water)
6. Maintenance of other socio-economic functions and conditions.
Summer University Ratzeburg / August 10 - 15, 2009 Ecological Principle can be broken down into Guidelines: • Managed Forests shall approach as close as possible the conditions of Natural Forests (Close to Nature )
• Forests use shall not exceed their Natural Capacity ( Sufficiency )
• Management measures shall have Minimum negative impact ( Precautionary )
Principles, Criteria and Indicators
• Principle - generally accepted guideline e.g.: ecological principle • Criterion - detailled description of a standard (what?) e.g.: mainly natural regeneration • Indicator - tool for the measurement of a criterion (how, how much) e.g.: percentage of natural regeneration
Criteria for S F M
Thinning and final cutting operations shall not reduce the timber stock in a specific forest stand below 70% of the timber stock compared to a natural forest.
Der ökologische Wert der Buche im Lebensweg
J. Müller (2009)
60 Jahre 200 Jahre
90 Jahre 300 Jahre
140 Jahre
Wald in der Linse, 18. Septem Criteria for S F M Final cutting shall be selective by cutting only single trees or small groups of trees with maximum canopy openings of 0.3 hectares each.
Clear cuttings shall not be allowed.
Criteria for S F M
At least 10% of the standing volume shall always be kept as habitat trees including old trees and dead trees.
New Forest PARADIGM ( CBD 1992):
Close to Nature – Forestry
(ecosystem based forestry)
New Forest STRATEGY:
ADAPTATION to Nature
( and not “Substitution” of Nature by work and money)
BfN - Pressetermin im Stadtwald Lübeck, 28. August 2009 BfN - Pressetermin im Stadtwald Lübeck, 28. August 2009 International Union of Forest Research Organizations Union Internationale des Instituts de Recherches Forestières Internationaler Verband Forstlicher Forschungsanstalten Unión Internacional de Organizaciones de Investigación Forestal IUFRO World Series Vol. 25 (2010): FORESTS AND SOCIETY – RESPONDING TO GLOBAL
DRIVERS OF CHANGE / Seoul World Forest Congress
22.1 Evolution in Approaches to Forest Management Linking Nature-Oriented Forestry to Economic Gains in Germany
The Lübeck forest highlighted the importance of understanding the linkages between ecological structures and processes, and the associated and economic values and benefits for social systems.
It was demonstrated that management guided by principles of ecological integrity provided greater economic benefits than a management plan based on objectives for improved efficiency. Ecosystem based Forestry
is a WIN-WIN-SYSTEM
for all aspects of Sustainability:
Ecology Society Economy