Two New Species of Microrhagus from the Russian Far East with Notes On

ZOOSYSTEMATICA ROSSICA, 25(2): 277–290 27 DECEMBER 2016

Two new species of Microrhagus from the Russian Far East with notes on some Palaearctic Dirhagini (Coleoptera: Eucnemidae) Два новых вида Microrhagus с Дальнего Востока России с замечаниями по некоторым палеарктическим Dirhagini (Coleoptera: Eucnemidae)

A.V. KOVALEV

А.В. КОВАЛЕВ

A.V. Kovalev, All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, 3 Podbelsky highway, St Petersburg, Pushkin 196608, Russia. Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Universitetskaya Emb., St Petersburg 199034, Russia. E-Mail: [email protected]

Microrhagus nikitskyi sp. nov. and M. vicarius sp. nov. are described from the Russian Far East. Based on the holotype, Balistica elongata Fleutiaux, 1923 is re-described. The following new combinations are proposed: Clypeorhagus elongatus (Fleutiaux, 1923), comb. nov. (= Balistica elongata Fleutiaux, 1923) and Dirrhagofarsus ferrugineus (Reitter, 1889), comb. nov. (= Dir- rhagus ferrugineus Reitter, 1889). A new synonym is established: Dirrhagofarsus Fleutiaux, 1935 = Pseudorhacopus Olexa, 1975, syn. nov. Lectotypes of Microrhagus pyrenaeus Bonvou- loir, 1872 and Dirrhagus ferrugineus Reitter, 1889 are designated; status and distribution of these species are discussed. С Дальнего Востока России описаны Microrhagus nikitskyi sp. nov. и M. vicarius sp. nov. Переописан Balistica elongata Fleutiaux, 1923 на основании голотипа. Предложены но- вые комбинации: Clypeorhagus elongatus (Fleutiaux, 1923), comb. nov. (= Balistica elongata Fleutiaux, 1923) и Dirrhagofarsus ferrugineus (Reitter, 1889), comb. nov. (= Dirrhagus ferrugineus Reitter, 1889). Установлена новая синонимия: Dirrhagofarsus Fleutiaux, 1935 = Pseudorhacopus Olexa, 1975, syn. nov. Для Microrhagus pyrenaeus Bonvouloir, 1872 и Dir- rhagus ferrugineus Reitter, 1889 обозначены лектотипы, и обсуждается таксономический статус и распространение этих видов. Key words: false click beetles, new species, re-description, new combinations, new synonym, lectotypes designation Ключевые слова: жуки-древоеды, новые виды, переописание, новые комбинации, но- вый синоним, обозначение лектотипов

INTRODUCTION Nevertheless this diverse and heteroge- neous genus needs a further revision, and Tribe Dirhagini Reitter, 1911 is a large the generic assignment of some Microrhagus and worldwide distributed group of Eucne- could need reassessment. The specimens of midae, which is currently represented in the these new species were formerly identified Palaearctic Region by 35 described species as Rhacopus elongatus (Fleutiaux, 1923) from 12 genera (Muona, 2007; Kovalev, from the Russian Far East by Gratshev 2013; Otto, 2016). Recent studies revealed (1992), as a result of a previous misidentifi- two new species of the genus Microrhagus cation of Balistica elongata Fleutiaux, 1923 Dejean, 1829 in the Primorskiy Territory, from Japan by Hisamatsu (1960, 1985), Russia. The concept of this genus is used who considered this species first (1960) here in accordance with Muona (1993). within the genus Dirrhagus Latreille, 1834

© 2016 Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Scienсes 278 A.V. KOVALEV. TWO NEW SPECIES OF MICRORHAGUS and later (1985) within the genus Rhacopus Ussuriyska, Mikheechev, Nikitsky, 8.VII.1979” Hampe, 1855. The Japanese specimens of [printed, date partly handwritten, in Cyrillic Dirrhagus elongatus sensu Hisamatsu, 1960 script; South Primorye, Kamenushka near Us- and Rhacopus elongatus sensu Hisamatsu, suriysk, 8.VII.1979, A.V. Mikheechev & N.B. Ni- 1985 could belong either to one of these new kitsky leg.] (ZMUM). species, or to still undescribed new species. Description. Male (holotype). Body In the present paper, after a current com- elongate, convex, subparallel, widest at parison of various genera within Dirhagini, humeral angles (Fig. 1). Length 3.20 mm, new generic combinations are proposed for width 0.97 mm. Balistica elongata Fleutiaux, 1923 и Dirrha- Piceous black; anterior margin of pro- gus ferrugineus Reitter, 1889. notum distinctly and elytra faintly lighter; antennae dark brown; legs yellowish brown, MATERIALS AND METHODS with femora slightly darkened and tarsi lighter. Head slightly shiny; pronotum and Habitus photographs were taken us- elytra distinctly shiny. Dorsum with short, ing Canon EOS 40D digital camera with a fine, recumbent yellowish pubescence. Ven- Ca non MP-E 65 mm objective and Leica ter coarsely, densely punctate, and covered MZ9.5 stereo microscope equipped with a with fine, yellowish pubescence. Leica DFC290 digital camera from dry spec- Head (Fig. 5) large, frons slightly con- imens and were combined using the Helicon vex, slightly longitudinally impressed me- Focus software. Male genitalia, following dially. Punctation dense and fine; inter- standard preparation procedure was either spaces between punctures about as great placed in a drop of Euparal on a plastic card as or somewhat less than diameter of one or placed in a microvial filled with glycerol puncture. Eyes large, convex and strongly and pinned beneath the dissected specimen. prominent; inner margin of eye over anten- The materials used for this study are nal groove distinctly incised by subtrian- deposited in the following museums and in- gular projection of frons, bearing deep an- stitutions: Hungarian Natural History Mu- teocular pit. Distance between inner edges seum (Magyar Természettudományi Mu- of antennal insertions approximately equal zeum), Budapest (HNHM); Natural His- to distance between inner edge of anten- tory Museum, London (BMNH); National nal insertion and inner margin of eye. Epi- Museum of Natural History (Muséum na- stomal part of epicranium subtrapezoidal, tional d’Histoire naturelle), Paris (MNHN); with poorly defined lateral carina between Zoological Institute of Russian Academy of antennal groove and base of mandibles. An- Sciences, Saint Petersburg (ZIN); Zoologi- tennae (Fig. 6) long, about three quarters as cal Museum of Moscow State University, long as body length, slender, feebly serrate, Moscow (ZMUM). with dense, long, light suberect setae. An- TAXONOMIC PART tennomere 3 subtriangular, about 2.4 times as long as wide and about 1.25 times as long Family EUCNEMIDAE Eschscholtz, 1829 as antennomere 4, anteroapical angle not Subfamily MELASINAE Fleming, 1821 produced, rounded. Antennomere 4 subtriangular, about 1.5 times as long as wide, Tribe DIRHAGINI Reitter, 1911 with narrowly rounded anteroapical angle. Genus Microrhagus Dejean, 1833 Antennomeres 5–10 subtriangular with distinctly produced anteroapical angles, Microrhagus nikitskyi sp. nov. gradually becoming longer and more slen- (Figs 1, 5–13, 31–32) der towards apex: ratio of length/maximum Holotype. Male (Fig. 1): Russia, Primor- width of antennomere 5 about 1.75, of an- skiy Terr., “Yuzhn. Primor’e, Kamenushka bl. tennomere 10 about 2.4. Antennomere 11

Figs 1–4. Dirhagini spp., dorsal habitus with corresponding labels. 1, Microrhagus nikitskyi sp. nov., holotype; 2, M. vicarius sp. nov., holotype; 3, M. pyrenaeus, lectotype; 4, Balistica elongata, holotype. Scale bar: 1.0 mm.

Figs 5–13. Microrhagus nikitskyi sp. nov. 5, head, frontal view; 6, male antenna; 7, prothorax, lateral view; 8, right metepisternum; 9, right metacoxal femoral plate; 10, male protarsomere 1, lateral view; 11, metatarsus, lateral view; 12, ditto, dorsal view; 13, apex of male last abdominal ventrite. Scale bars: 0.2 mm. elongate, about 5.2 times as long as wide the middle. Posterior lateral carina long, and 1.7 times as long as antennomere 10. not extending to anterior margin. Pronotum transverse, widest before pos- Scutellum subflattened, subtriangu- terior angles, about 1.3 times as wide as long lar and apically rounded, surface rugosely at midline and approximately 1.7 times as punctate. Elytra elongate, about 2.3 times wide as head. Surface with fine, moderately as long as wide combined and 2.8 times as dense, oval punctures; interspaces between long as pronotum, widest at base, at basal punctures approximately equal to trans- two-thirds subparallel-sided, at apical third verse diameter of one puncture. Lateral gradually narrowing to conjointly rounded sides convex at anterior half, slightly con- apices. Surfaces with nearly regular rows cave near the middle, and arcuate and di- of punctures at basal half, becoming api- verging towards posterior angles. Anterior cally irregular; punctures somewhat larger pronotal margin with convex, finely crenu- than those on pronotum, separated by 1–3 late ridge, which is continuous with ante- diameters of one puncture. Elytral striae rior lateral carina. Pronotal disc moderately weakly impressed, except sutural striae; convex, without lateral impressions or me- becoming deeper and wider apically, with dian groove, distinctly declined posteriorly, large hole-like punctures near the elytral depressed on the sides towards posterior apex. Lateral elytral carina sinuous, strong- angles and on the base. Base of pronotum ly prominent basally and dorsally visible. before antescutellar lobe with short, convex Epipleura strongly narrowed posteriorly. median carina. Posterior angles strongly di- Prosternum convex, notosternal sutures vergent, with slightly bent dorsal carinae. discernible nearest to procoxal cavities. Anterior lateral carina (Fig. 7) short, about Prosternal process from lateral view as in one-fifth as long as pronotal length along Fig. 7. Prohypomeron completely separated

© 2016 Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Scienсes, Zoosystematica Rossica 25(2): 277–290 A.V. KOVALEV. TWO NEW SPECIES OF MICRORHAGUS 281 from profemoral cavity by a poorly defined on vertex; antennomere 3 elongate, longer basal ridge. Internal part of prohypomeron than antennomere 4; lateral pronotal cari- strongly impressed, forming an antennal nae divided; internal part of prohypomera groove, completely separated from external with well-developed antennal grooves, part by a sharp carina, which is continuous completely separated by keel externally; with basal ridge. Antennal groove subparal- internal and posterior sides of anterior pro- lel-sided, somewhat narrower than external hypomeral pit not defined by ridges; meso- part of prohypomeron between posterior and metatarsomeres 4 widened apically, ex- lateral carina of prothorax and outer ca- cavated dorsally and wider than preceding rina of antennal groove, rather deep, nearly tarsomere; metacoxal plates lengthened me- smooth with several large punctures at base. sally; males with apical sex comb of spines Internobasal angle of the prohypomeron on protarsomere 1; aedeagus with well- near procoxal cavity with subtriangular an- developed ventral plate. The new species is terior prohypomeral pit, which is separated distinct from the Palaearctic congeners in externally by ridge from antennal groove, the eyes with the deeply incised inner mar- delimited posteriorly and vaguely defined gin, and also in a combination of the follow- internally. Posterior prohypomeral pit ing characters: widely separated antennal large, deep, suboval. Metepisterna (Fig. 8) insertions, long and feebly serrate anten- moderately narrow, subparallel, faintly wid- nae in males, pronotum with short anterior ened posteriorly. Metacoxal femoral plates and long posterior lateral carinae, as well as (Fig. 9) distinctly lengthened mesally. Ab- structure of aedeagus. Microrhagus nikitskyi domen convex, last visible abdominal ven- sp. nov. somewhat resembles M. pyrenaeus trite obtusely pointed apically (Fig. 13). Bonvouloir, 1872 and M. vicarius sp. nov. Legs short and slender. Protarsomere 1 in the widely separated antennal insertions, (Fig. 10) ventroapically produced and bear- feebly serrate antennae, pronotum with ing sex comb consisting of 9 spines. Meta- short anterior and long posterior lateral ca- tarsomere 1 distinctly longer than meta- rinae, but differs from both in deeply incised tarsomeres 2–4 combined. Metatarsomere inner margins of the eyes, longer antennae 4 distinctly wider than preceding segment; with long setae on antennomeres, punc- apically widened, slightly excavated dor- tate antennal grooves, wider metepisterna, sally and lobed ventrally. Metatarsomere 5 simple metafemora, non-modified metati- attached near the middle of metatarsomere bial apical spur in males and structure of 4 (Figs 11–12). aedeagus. The eye outline of M. nikitskyi sp. Aedeagus (Figs 31–32) weakly sclero- nov. is unique among Palaearctic members tized. Phallobase spoon-shaped, rounded of Microrhagus, but similar to that in species at base. Remaining part of aedeagus gradu- of Entomophthalmus Bonvouloir, 1871 and ally widening three-fourths of its length to- Brevisegmentus Otto, 2016. However, the wards apex. Penis slightly concave apically. members of these two genera differ from the Endophallus membranous, with numerous new species by the antennae with anten- denticles and with very long, sclerotized nomere 3 more or less reduced and shorter apical spicula. Ventral plate apically en- than antennomere 4, and additionally, the larged, bilobed; each lobe apically rounded, monobasic Brevisementus also differs in the bearing numerous setae. sex comb along the entire length of the pro- Differential diagnosis. Microrhagus ni- tarsomere 1 in males. kitskyi sp. nov. should be attributed to the Etymology. The new species is named in genus Microrhagus on the basis of the fol- honour of its collector, the outstanding coleo- lowing characters: inner margin of eyes pterist Dr. Nikolay B. Nikitsky (Moscow). with deep pits; head without lateral keels Distribution. Russian Far East (Primor- on frons and transverse belt of microcombs skiy Territory).

Microrhagus vicarius sp. nov. groove slightly incised by projection of (Figs 2, 14–25, 33) frons bearing deep anteocular pit. Distance between inner edges of antennal insertions Holotype. Male (Fig. 2): Russia, Primors- about 0.7 times as long as distance from kiy Terr., “okr. Ussuriyska, Kamenushka, N. Ni- inner edge of antennal insertion to inner kitsky, 3.VII.1989” [printed, date handwritten, margin of eye. Epistomal part of epicra- in Cyrillic script; Ussuriysk env., Kamenushka, nium subtrapezoidal, with poorly defined 3.VII.1989, N.B. Nikitsky leg.] (ZMUM). lateral carina between antennal groove and Paratypes. Russia, Primorskiy Terr.: “Yu Primor’e, Kamenushka bl. Ussuriysk, 21.VI. base of mandibles. Antennae (Fig. 15) long, 1980, Nikitsky, Belov” [printed, in Cyrillic about 0.6 times as long as body length, slen- script; South Primorye, Kamenushka near Ussu- der, feebly serrate, with dense, moderately riysk, 21.VI.1980, N.B. Nikitsky & V.V. Belov long, light semi-erect setae. Antennomere 3 leg.], 1 male and 3 females (ZMUM); “Primor- subtrapezoidal, about twice as long as wide skiy kray, r. Cheremukhovaya, 15 km nizhe Che- and 1.25 times as long as antennomere 4, remshan, Kamennyy klyuch, 7.VIII.1986, Zhe- anteroapical angle not produced, rounded. rikhin, Gratshev leg.” [printed, in Cyrillic script; Antennomere 4 subtriangular, 1.45 times Primorskiy Territory, Cheremukhovaya river, as long as wide, with rounded anteroapical 15 km downstream of Cheremshany village, angle. Antennomeres 5–10 subtriangular Kamennyi Klyuch, 7.VIII.1986, V.V. Zherikhin & V.G. Gratshev leg.], 1 male (ZMUM); “Pri- with slightly produced anteroapical angles, morsky Kray, Lazovsky Nature Reserve, kordon gradually becoming longer and more slen- America, 17.VII.2005, K.S. Nadein lgt.” [print- der towards apex: ratio length/maximum ed], 1 male (ZIN); “Primorsky Kray, Shkotovsky width of antennomere 5 about 1.4, and of Distr., Anisimovka vill. env., flight intercept antennomere 10 about 2.2. Antennomere 11 traps, 5.VII–5.VIII.2012, S.I. Alexeenko lgt.” elongate, 4.25 times as long as wide and 1.45 [printed], 1 male and 1 female (ZIN). times as long as antennomere 10. Description. Male (holotype). Body Pronotum 1.25 times as wide as long elongate, convex, widest before poste- at midline and 1.2 times as wide as head, rior angles of pronotum (Fig. 2). Length widest before posterior angles; lateral sides 4.55 mm, width 1.27 mm. nearly straight, subparallel, slightly arcua- Brownish-black except anterior and te and converging at apex. Surface with posterior margins of pronotum, scutellum, very dense, round, subocellate punctures; basal, lateral and sutural margins of elytra, interspaces between punctures somewhat epipleura, marginal areas of the prosternum, narrower than diameter of one puncture. mesoventrite with mesepimera, metepi- Anterior pronotal margin with convex, sterna, as well as margins of the metacoxal finely crenulate ridge, which is continuous plates, metaventrite and abdominal ven- with anterior lateral carina. Pronotal disc trites which are light brown to brownish- convex, somewhat flattened along midline, red; antennae brown; legs light reddish- declined posteriorly, depressed at sides to- brown, with femora slightly darkened and wards posterior angles and base. Base of tarsi lighter. Dorsum moderately shining, pronotum before antescutellar lobe dis- with short, fine, recumbent yellowish pu- tinctly elevated medially. Posterior angles bescence. Venter densely punctate and co- slightly divergent, with nearly straight dor- vered with fine yellowish pubescence. sal carinae. Anterior lateral carina (Fig. 17) Head (Fig. 14) large, frons slightly short, about one-fifth as long as pronotum convex. Surface with dense, subocellate along the middle. Posterior lateral carina punctures; interspaces between punctures long, not extending to anterior margin. somewhat narrower than diameter of one Scutellum nearly flattened, subtriangu- puncture. Eyes large, convex and promi- lar and apically rounded, surface sparsely nent; inner margin of eye over antennal punctate.

Figs 14–25. Microrhagus vicarius sp. nov. 14, head, frontal view; 15, male antenna; 16, female antenna; 17, prothorax, lateral view; 18, right metepisternum; 19, right metacoxal femoral plate and metafemur; 20, male protarsomere 1, lateral view; 21, male metatibial apical spur; 22, metatarsus, lateral view; 23, ditto, dorsal view; 24, apex of male last abdominal ventrite; 25, apex of female last abdominal ventrite. Scale bars: 0.2 mm.

Elytra elongate, about 2.6 times as long well defined basal ridge. Internal part of as wide combined and 3.45 times as long as prohypomeron strongly impressed, form- pronotum, widest at base, gradually nar- ing antennal groove, completely separated rowing to conjointly rounded apices. Punc- from external part by sharp carina, which tation mostly irregular, denser at base and is continuous with basal ridge. Antennal moderately dense elsewhere; punctures groove subparallel-sided, distinctly nar- somewhat larger than those on pronotum, rower than external part of prohypome- separated by about 0.5–2.0 diameters of one ron between posterior lateral carina of puncture. Elytral striae weakly impressed, prothorax and outer carina of antennal except sutural striae; becoming deeper groove, rather deep and nearly smooth. In- and wider apically, with large hole-like ternobasal angle of the prohypomeron near punctures near the elytral apex. Epipleura procoxal cavity with elongate subtriangu- strongly narrowed posteriorly. lar anterior prohypomeral pit, separated Prosternum convex, notosternal su- by ridge externally from antennal groove, tures well-expressed in posterior half of delimited posteriorly and vaguely defined prothorax. Prosternal process from lateral internally. Posterior prohypomeral pit very view as in Fig. 17. Prohypomeron distinct- large, deep, sub-circular with projection ly separated from profemoral cavity by a on upper wall. Metepisterna (Fig. 18) nar-

© 2016 Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Scienсes, Zoosystematica Rossica 25(2): 277–290 284 A.V. KOVALEV. TWO NEW SPECIES OF MICRORHAGUS row, subparallel, slightly widened poste- Body length range 4.30–4.90 mm in riorly. Metacoxal femoral plates (Fig. 19) male paratypes and 4.60–5.85 mm in fe- distinctly lengthened mesally, its posterior male paratypes. General colouration varies margin distinctly emarginate near coxa- greatly from dark brown to brownish-black, trochanter joint. Abdomen evenly convex, with lighter margins of sclerites among all last abdominal ventrite obtusely subangu- examined paratypes of both sexes. lar apically (Fig. 24). Differential diagnosis. Microrhagus vi- Legs short and slender. Protarsomere carius sp. nov. as the previous new species 1 (Fig. 20) distinctly produced ventroapi- should be attributed to the genus Microrha- cally, bearing sex comb consisting of 4–5 gus on the basis of the following characters: small light spines. Metafemora (Fig. 19) presence of deep pits on inner margin of somewhat apically widened and subparallel. eyes; absence of lateral keels on frons and Metatibial apical spur (Fig. 21) distinctly transverse belt of microcombs on vertex; curved. Metatarsomere 1 long, distinctly elongate antennomere 3; divided lateral pro- longer than metetarsomeres 2–5 combined. notal carinae; internal part of prohypomera Metatarsomere 4 much wider than preced- with well-developed antennal grooves, ing segment, apically widened, dorsally ex- completely separated by keel externally; cavated and ventrally lobed. Metatarsomere internal and posterior sides of anterior pro- 5 attached before the middle of metatarso- hypomeral pit not defined by ridges; meso- mere 4, about as long as metatarsomeres 3 and metatarsomeres 4 widened apically and and 4 combined (Fig. 22–23). dorsally excavated, wider than preceding Aedeagus (Fig. 33) weakly sclerotized. tarsomere; metacoxal plates lengthened Phallobase large, rounded at base. Remain- mesally; protarsomere 1 in males with apical ing part of aedeagus distinctly widened api- sex comb of spines; and aedeagus with well- cally. Penis slightly concave apically, with developed ventral plate. The widely sepa- narrow apical bordered edge. Endophallus rated antennal insertions, slightly notched membranous, covered with microscopic inner margins of the eyes, feebly serrate an- denticles, with long apical spicula. Ventral tennae, pronotum with short anterior and plate large, transverse, membranous, blad- long posterior lateral carinae, as well as the der-like, apically with numerous setiferous curved metatibial apical spur in males and tubercles. specific structure of the aedeagus of M. vi- Female (paratypes). Antennae (Fig. 16) carius sp. nov. are very similar to those in rather short, about as long as half of the the European M. pyrenaeus Bonvouloir, body length, feebly serrate. Antennomere 1872. The new species differs from the lat- 3 subtrapezoidal, with widely rounded an- ter in the longer meso- and metatarsomere teroapical angle, about twice as long as wide 1 (Fig. 22), elevated pronotal base in front and about 1.65 times as long as antenno- of the antescutellar lobe, longer posterior mere 4. Antennomere 4 about 1.3 times as lateral carina of pronotum (Fig. 17), denser long as wide, with rounded anteroapical an- punctation on the head and pronotum, and gle. Antennomeres 5 to 10 gradually becom- also in the less parallel-sided aedeagus with ing longer and more slender towards apex the narrow apical bordered edge of penis (ratio length/maximum width of antenno- (Fig. 33). The largely disrupted ranges of mere 5 about 1.4; of antennomere 10 about these taxa also can be used as an evidence 1.9), with more or less rounded anteroapical of their specific status. The new species also angles. Antennomere 11 elongate, about 3.5 resembles externally the two Palaearctic times as long as wide and 1.45 times as long species of the genus Dirrhagofarsus, D. at- as antennomere 10. Last abdominal ventrite tenuatus (Mäklin, 1845) and D. modestus as in Fig. 25. Protarsomere 1 simple. Meta- (Fleutiaux, 1923), by the general coloura- tibial apical spur fine and straight. tion, widely separated antennal insertions,

© 2016 Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Scienсes, Zoosystematica Rossica 25(2): 277–290 A.V. KOVALEV. TWO NEW SPECIES OF MICRORHAGUS 285 feebly serrate antennae and lateral pronotal tiaux [printed]” (MNHN). Additional material. carinae similarly disposed, but differs from Germany, “Dirhagus pyrenaeus Bonv. heydeni them in the absence of lateral frontal keels Krtz. Frankfurt”, “795/17”, 1 female (HNHM); and transverse belt of microcombs on the “Frankfurt a[m]. M[ain]. pyrenaeus? v[on]. Hey- vertex, and in having more transverse pro- den”, “Dirrhagus pyrenaeus Bonv. Coll. Reitter”, 1 female (HNHM); Croatia,“Budinščina”, 1 fe- thorax, shorter metacoxal femoral plates, male (HNHM). subparallel metafemora, narrowly rounded Remarks. Microrhagus pyrenaeus was apex of the last visible abdominal ventrite, described from five specimens from “Pau” well-developed sex comb on the protarso- (Bonvouloir, 1872), however, only two syn- mere 1 and modified metatibial apical spur types were found in MNHN, one of which is in males, and particularly in the aedeagus designated here as a lectotype. This species is with large membranous ventral plate. extremely similar to M. vicarius sp. nov., but Etymology. The species name is a Latin differs from the latter species in the follow- adjective meaning “replacing” or “substitut- ing distinctive characters: meso- and meta- ing”. tarsomere 1 moderately long, metatarso- Distribution. Russian Far East (Primor- mere 1 about as long as metatarsomeres 2–5 skiy Territory). combined (Fig. 29); pronotal base in front of the antescutellar lobe subflattened, without Microrhagus pyrenaeus Bonvouloir, 1872 longitudinal elevation; posterior lateral ca- (Figs 3, 26–30, 34) rina of pronotum (Fig. 27) far not reaching Material examined. Lectotype (here desig- anterior margin of pronotum; punctation on nated) (Fig. 3), male, with labels “Pau Dela- the head and pronotum dense, interspaces rouzeé” [handwritten], “Muséum Paris 1952 between punctures on pronotal disc about as coll. R. Oberthür ex coll. de Bonvouloir” [print- large as diameter of one puncture; aedeagus ed], “Microrhagus pyrenaeus Pau” [handwrit- nearly parallel-sided, with apical bordered ten, large box label with black frame] (MNHN). edge of the penis larger than that in M. vi- Paralectotype, male: “Microrhagus pyrenaeus. carius sp. nov. (Fig. 34). Pau Delarouzeé” [handwritten], “le Heydeni Kr. cette même ex. typ. A.F.” [handwritten by Distribution. This rare species is dis- Fauvel], “Fairmaire” [handwritten], “Muséum tributed in Central and South Europe and Paris Collection Léon Fairmaire 1906” [print- currently known from France (Bonvouloir, ed], “Bonvouloir det. sec. [handwritten] Fleu- 1872; Brustel & Van Meer, 2008; Chambord

Figs 26–30. Microrhagus pyrenaeus. 26, male antenna; 27, prothorax, lateral view; 28, male protarsomere 1; 29, metatarsus, lateral view; 30, apex of male last abdominal ventrite. Scale bars: 0.2 mm.

Figs 31–34. Microrhagus. 31, 32, M. nikitskyi sp. nov.; 33, M. vicarius sp. nov.; 34, M. pyrenaeus. Aede agus, dorsal view (31, 33, 34), apex of aedeagus, ventral view (32). Scale bar: 0.2 mm. et al. 2009), Switzerland (Chittaro & Blanc, Dark reddish-brown, anterior prono- 2012), Germany (Heyden, 1889; Reitter, tal margin somewhat lighter; antennae 1921), Czech Republic (Vávra et al., 2014), reddish-brown; legs yellowish-brown, with Poland (Hilszczański et al., 2015), Italy tarsi lighter. Head, pronotum and elytra (De Zan et al., 2014), Croatia (first record), moderately shining. Entire body with short, Greece (Mertlik et al., 2009), and Bulgaria fine, recumbent, yellowish pubescence. (Burakowski, 1991). Venter densely punctate. Head (Fig. 35) large, frons slightly convex, slightly flattened above antennal inser- Genus Clypeorhagus Olexa, 1975 tions. Punctation very dense; interspaces Clypeorhagus elongatus (Fleutiaux, between punctures very narrow, about half 1923), comb. nov. as great as diameter of one puncture. Eyes (Figs 4, 35–42) moderately large, weakly convex and barely prominent; inner margin of eye distinctly Balistica elongata Fleutiaux, 1923: 314. concave. Distance between inner edges of Material examined. Holotype, female (Fig. antennal insertions about 0.4 times as long 4), glued to a paper card with corresponding la- as distance from inner edge of antennal bels: “17.8.81” [handwritten on the same card on insertion to inner margin of eye. Episto- which the specimen is glued], “Nikko. 10.VIII.– mal part of epicranium subtriangular, with 18.VIII.81” [printed], “Japan. G. Lewis. 1910– 320.” [printed, white label with yellow stripe], poorly defined lateral carina between an- “Type” [printed, circular label with red margin], tennal groove and base of mandibles, its api- “Balistica elongata Fleut. Type. [handwritten] cal margin convex and subtruncate at mid- Fleutiaux det. [printed]”, “BMNH(E) 1236826” dle. Antennae (Fig. 36) rather short, about [printed] (BMNH). as long as half of body length, scarcely ser- Redescription. Female (holotype). Body rate, with light moderately short semierect elongate, convex, somewhat tapering poste- and semirecumbent setae. Antennomere 3 riorly, widest between pronotal hind angles subcylindrical, about twice as long as wide (Fig. 4). Length 3.50 mm, width 1.07 mm. and about 1.6 times as long as antennomere

Figs 35–42. Balistica elongata. 35, head, frontal view; 36, female antenna; 37, prothorax, lateral view; 38, right metepisternum; 39, right metacoxal femoral plate; 40, metatarsus, lateral view; 41, ditto, dorsal view; 42, apex of female last abdominal ventrite. Scale bars: 0.2 mm.

4. Antennomere 4 subcylindrical, about somewhat declined posteriorly, depressed as long as wide. Antennomeres 5–10 sub- at sides towards posterior angles and at trapezoidal, with barely produced rounded base. Pronotal base with short, smooth me- anteroapical angles; antennomeres 5–8 dian line before antescutellar lobe. Poste- gradually increasing in length and width, rior angles acuminate, with dorsal carinae. antennomeres 8–10 becoming gradually Anterior lateral carina (Fig. 37) moderately narrower toward apex: ratio length/maxi- long, about 0.4 times as long as pronotum mum width of antennomere 5 about 1.1, of along the middle. Posterior lateral carina antennomere 8 about 1.2, antennomere 10 moderately long, not extending to anterior about 1.4. Antennomere 11 elongate, about margin. 3.3 times as long as wide and 1.7 times as Scutellum subflattened, trapezoidally long as antennomere 10. rounded and apically flattened, surface Pronotum scarcely transverse, widest coarsely and densely punctate. Elytra elon- before posterior angles, about 1.1 times as gate, about 2.3 times as long as wide com- wide as long at midline and approximately bined and about 2.6 times as long as prono- 1.4 times as wide as head. Punctation very tum, widest at base, gradually narrowing to dense; punctures separated by about half conjointly rounded apices. Punctation very diameter of one puncture. Lateral sides dense, irregular and partly confluent; punc- convex in apical half, scarcely concave be- tures somewhat larger than those on pro- hind the middle and somewhat diverging notum, separated by about 0.5–1 diame ters towards posterior angles. Anterior pronotal of one puncture. Elytral striae barely im- margin with convex, finely crenulate ridge, pressed, except apical 2/3 of sutural striae; which is continuous with anterior lateral becoming deeper and wider apically, with carina. Pronotal disc moderately convex, large hole-like punctures near the elytral

© 2016 Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Scienсes, Zoosystematica Rossica 25(2): 277–290 288 A.V. KOVALEV. TWO NEW SPECIES OF MICRORHAGUS apex. Epipleura strongly narrowed poste- the prohypomera, notosternal suture visi- riorly. ble only close to procoxal cavities, anterior Prosternum convex, notosternal su- prohypomeral pit clearly defined by ridges tures visible nearest to procoxal cavities. on all sides, metepisterna strongly widened Prohypomeron completely separated from posteriorly, and narrow meso- and meta- profemoral cavity by a sharp basal ridge. tarsomeres 4 as wide as preceding segment. Internal part of prohypomeron strongly The type species of this formerly monotypic impressed, forming antennal groove, sepa- genus, Clypeorhagus clypeatus (Hampe, rated from external part by a sharp carina, 1850), differs from C. elongatus in the larger which is not reaching to basal ridge. An- body-size (5.5–6.5 mm), black colouration, tennal groove subparallel-sided, as wide finer punctation of dorsum, epistomal part as external part of prohypomeron between of epicranium with almost straight apical posterior lateral carina of prothorax and margin, meso- and metatarsomeres 4 very outer carina of antennal groove, rather short, obliquely truncate at apex and not deep, nearly smooth with several punctures. lobed ventrally. Internobasal angle of prohypomeron near Distribution. Japan, Honshu (“Nikko”). procoxal cavity with oblong-triangular anterior prohypomeral pit clearly defined by Genus Dirrhagofarsus Fleutiaux, 1935 ridges on all sides. Posterior prohypomeral pit comparatively small, slightly transverse. Dirrhagofarsus Fleutiaux, 1935: 15. Type species: Metepisterna extremely narrow anteriorly; Microrhagus lewisi Fleutiaux, 1900, by original designation. sharply, strongly widened posteriorly (Fig. Pseudorhacopus Olexa, 1975: 160, syn. nov. Type 38). Metacoxal femoral plates distinctly species: Dirrhagus ferrugineus Reitter, 1889, lengthened mesally (Fig. 39). Abdomen by original designation. convex; last visible abdominal ventrite Attenuorhagus Olexa, 1975: 161. Type species: rounded apically (Fig. 42). Hypocoelus attenuatus Mäklin, 1845, by Legs short and slender. Metatarsomere 1 original designation. about as long as metatarsomeres 2–4 combined. Metatarsomere 4 as wide as the pre- Dirrhagofarsus ferrugineus ceding segment, subparallel and ventrally (Reitter, 1889), comb. nov. lobed. Metatarsomere 5 attached near the middle of metatarsomere 4, about as long Dirrhagus ferrugineus Reitter, 1889: 282. as metatarsomeres 3 and 4 combined (Fig. Material examined. Lectotype (here des- 40–41). ignated), male with labels “Caspi-M.-Gebiet Remarks. Reexamination of the holo- Hamarat Leder (Reitter)” [printed], “Paratypus 1889 Dirrhagus ferrugineus Reitter” [standart type of Balistica elongata revealed some curatorial label with red frame], “coll. Reit- characters not corresponding to those inter” [printed] (HNHM). Paralectotype, female: dicated for the species erroneously named “Caspi-M.-Gebiet Hamarat Leder (Reitter)” as Dirrhagus elongatus by Hisamatsu [printed], “Holotypus 1889 Dirrhagus ferru- (1960) or as Rhacopus elongatus by Hisa- gineus Reitter” [standart curatorial label with matsu (1985) and Gratshev (1992). Based red frame], “Dirrhagus ferrugineus m. 1889” [in on the generic interpretation by Muona Reitter’s handwriting], “coll. Reitter” [printed] (2011), the true Balistica elongata, should (HNHM). Additional material. Azerbaijan, Lan- be attributed to Clypeorhagus Olexa, 1975 karan Distr.: “Bilyasar, 800′ na r. Vasharu-Chay Znojko 16.VII.932” [Bilyasar on Vesharyu river, because it is characterized by the follow- 800′, 16.VII.1932, D.V. Znojko leg.], “pod koroy ing characters specific for this genus: non- mertv. dereva” [under bark of dead tree], 1 female trilobate apical margin of epistomal part of (ZIN). Iran, Gilan: “Gilyan. Kar.-saray Lat bliz epicranium, incomplete carina separating Reshta Zarudny 22.V.904” [Gilan, Lat caravan- the antennal groove from external part of serai near Rasht, 22.V.1904, N.A. Zarudny leg.], 2

© 2016 Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Scienсes, Zoosystematica Rossica 25(2): 277–290 A.V. KOVALEV. TWO NEW SPECIES OF MICRORHAGUS 289 females (ZIN); “Gassan-kiade, ust. Sefidruda, B. gus bodemeyeri, known to me only from the Iljin 28.IV.916” [Hasan Kiadeh, Sefid-Rud river original description, to Dirrhagofarsus re- mouth, 28.IV.1916, B.S. Iljin leg.], 3 males and mains questionable and needs a further con- 3 females (ZIN). Iran/Turkmenistan, “Persiya i sideration, although the acutely produced Zak. obl. 1916 B. Iljin” [Persia and Transcaspian Province, 1916, B.S. Iljin leg.], 1 male (ZIN). apex of the last visible abdominal ventrite Remarks. Pseudorhacopus was proposed of D. bodemeyeri (according to Olexa, 1962) by Olexa (1975) as a subgenus of the genus corresponds to this character in other spe- Rhacopus Hampe, 1855 for species Dirrha- cies of the mentioned genus. gus ferrugineus Reitter, 1889 (type spe- Distribution. Southern Azerbaijan, Nor- cies) and D. bodemeyeri Olexa, 1962 dis- thern Iran. Occurrence in Southern Turk- tinguished from other Rhacopus by having menistan is possible but questionable since antennal groove on prohypomera distinctly the label data “Persia [Iran] and Transcas- widened posteriorly, distance between an- pian Province [Turkmenistan], 1916, B.S. Il- tennal insertions shorter, all tarsomeres 4 jin leg.” (see material above) seem to be re- slightly widened apically and simple ab- ferred to the entire collecting area of Iljin dominal ventrite 4. The current studies of in 1916, and in fact the male with this label the type specimens of D. ferrugineus and could be taken in Gilan Province of Iran to- additional material listed above showed gether with other specimens found there by that this species should be transferred from this collector. Rhacopus to the genus Dirrhagofarsus Fleu- tiaux, 1935 because it shares with members ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS of the latter genus the following important characters: head with distinct lateral longi- I am grateful to Dr Alexander G. Kirejtshuk tudinal keels on frons and transverse belt (ZIN) for valuable comments and his assistance of microcombs on vertex, pronotum with in preparation of the paper and to Mr Robert L. Otto (University of Wisconsin, Madison) for short anterior and long posterior lateral his help in improving the English of the manu- carinae, shape of metacoxal femoral plates, script. I would like to thank Dr Nikolay B. Ni- last visible abdominal ventrite with acutely kitsky (ZMMU), Dr Antoine Mantilleri (Paris) produced apex, and reduced sex comb on (MNHN), Dr Michael Geiser and Maxwell Bar- male protarsomere 1. Also structure of the clay (BMNH), Dr Otto Merkl (HNHM) and aedeagus of D. ferrugineus (narrow penis Mr Sergey I. Alexeenko (Saint Petersburg) for deeply bifid at apex, subacute parameres providing specimens for examination. This study with well-developed outer lobes and lack of was supported by grants of the Russian Founda- ventral plate) is typical of that in species of tion of Basic Research No 15-04-02971-a. Dirrhagofarsus. Thus, the name Pseudorha- copus should be treated as a junior synonym REFERENCES of Dirrhagofarsus. Among the Palaearctic species of this genus, D. ferrugineus is reco- Bonvouloir H. de. 1872. Monographie de la gnizable by the following combination of famille des Eucnémides (part 2). Annales de la characters: body 4.8–6.5 mm; colouration Société Entomologique de France, 4(10), Partie uniformly reddish-brown to castaneous; Supplémentaire: 289–560 + pls. 22–36. frontal keels weak and without micro- Brustel H. & Van Meer C. 2008. Nouvelles ob- combs; eyes moderate-sized; pronotum with servations de Microrhagus pyrenaeus (Bon- vouloir, 1872) (Coleoptera Eucnemidae). L’ moderately dense punctation; antennal Entomologiste, 64(2): 75–78. groove on prohypomera distinctly widened Burakowski B. 1991. Klucze do oznaczania owa- posteriorly; elytral apices with convex, not dów Polski. Cz. XIX. Chrzàszcze – Coleoptera. protruding sutural region; meso- and meta- Cerophytidae, Eucnemidae, Throscidae, Lis- tarsomeres 4 subparallel-sided and shortly somidae. Wrocław: Polskie Towarzystwo En- lobed ventrally. The attribution of Dirrha- tomologiczne. 91 p.

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