South American Compositae Meeting
Status of knowledge and prospects of study of the Eupatorieae – Gyptidinae in South America
Silvana da Costa Ferreira Universidade Federal de Viçosa Brazil Gyptidinae R.M. King & H.Rob.
- Eupatorieae: 2.400 species and 180 genera (Robinson et al. 2009);
-King & Robinson 1970-1980: published several new genera → partition of Eupatorium L.;
-Eupatorium X Eupatorieae → overlapping characters → divison of Eupatorieae in 18 subtribes;
-Gyptidinae proposed by Robert King & Harold Robinson → 1972;
-Includes 29 genera and ca. 135 species distributed mainly in South America.
Subtribe Gyptidinae R.M. King & H.Rob.
* * *
2008
Bautista Roque & & Roque
Stylotrichium sucrei Morithamnus crassus
Hind (1999)→ Three informal groups - Publication of new genera and species:
Gyptis pinnatifida Trichogonia salviifolia Lasiolaena duartei Hind (1999)→ Three informal groups
Morithamnus crassus Bishopiella elegans Bishopiella elegans Barrosoa betonicaeformis Campuloclinium macrocephalum Conocliniopsis prasiifolia Diacranthera ulei
Diacranthera ulei Gyptis pinnatifida Platypodanthera melissifolia Platypodanthera melissifolia
Trichogonia salviifolia Trichogonia salviifolia Trichogoniopsis adenantha Vittetia orbiculata Lasiolaena blanchetii Lasiolaena blanchetii Lasiolaena duartei Lasiolaena duartei
Lasiolaena lychnophorioides Lasiolaena santosii Arrojadocharis santosii Agrianthus.luetzelburgii
Bahianthus viscosus Bahianthus viscosus Bishopiella elegans Bishopiella elegans Catolesia mentiens Catolesia mentiens Catolesia huperzioides Catolesia huperzioides
Semiria viscosa Stylotrichium rotundifolium Stylotrichium sucrei Litothamnus ellipticus
Morithamnus crassus Morithamnus crassus Morithamnus ganophyllus Morithamnus ganophyllus Phylogenetic studies Ferreira and collaborators(2010)
-To test the monophyly of Gyptidinae R.M.King & H.Rob.;
-To evaluate the consistency of informal groups proposed by Hind (1999);
-To test, when possible, the monophyly of genera included in Gyptidinae
Internal group: 22 genera (76%) of Gyptidinae + 13 genera of other subtribes; Outgroup: Acanthospermum sp. and Verbesina sp. DNA extraction: Doyle & Doyle (1987)
Nuclear DNA Plastidial DNA ITS + trnL-F ITS trnL-F
Maximum parsimony analysis Bayesian analysis Bootstrap tree obtained by the Maximum Parsimony Analysis of individual ITS fragment; Above: % bootstrap Below: PP
Ageratinae Alomiinae
Eupatoriinae
Ayapaninae Disynaphiinae Ayapaninae Critoniinae Praxeliinae Mikaniinae Bootstrap tree obtained by the Maximum Parsimony Analysis of individual trnL-F fragment Above: % bootstrap Below: PP
Bootstrap tree obtained by the Maximum Parsimony Analysis of ITS + trnL-F data; Above: % bootstrap Below: PP
Roque & Bautista & 2008 Roque Trichogonia salviifolia
Trichogonia salviifolia Bootstrap tree obtained by the Maximum Parsimony Analysis of ITS + trnL-F data; Above: % bootstrap Below: PP
Bahianthus viscosus Catolesia mentiens Catolesia huperzioides
Eupatorieae 1
Eupatorieae 2
Morithamnus crassus Morithamnus crassus Morithamnus ganophyllus
Lasiolaena duartei
Agrianthus giuliettiae Arrojadocharis praxeloides Arrojadocharis santosii Bishopiella elegans Bishopiella Agrianthus.luetzelburgii
Agrianthus empetrifolius
Stylotrichium sucrei Stylotrichium corymbosum Semiria viscosa ?
Lavin et al., 2005; Souza, 2007 Characters evolution
Alternate-spiral leaves
Alternate-spiral leaves
* Characters evolution
* *
Absent or reduced * * * pappus * * * * * *
Anw pappus
Plumose pappus
* Characters evolution
Hairs at the style base
* * * *
*
* * * *
* Conclusions
- Gyptidinae is paraphyletic;
-Informal groups suggested by Hind (1999) → not supported;
-A new classification in subtribes → not proposed;
- Evidence the monophyly of seven genera. Prospects of studies in Eupatorieae
-Increase sampling of other subtribes → a classification system that reflects the evolutionary history of Eupatorieae;
-To understand the relationships between species and genera;
-Several unknown species → intensify collection efforts
Acknowledgements:
South American Compositae Meeting