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M“ JOURNAL DECEMBER, 1943 <3L AMERICAN FOREIGN SERVICE m “■ ”■ “ JOURNAL DECEMBER, 1943 How long since you’ve had an "Old Fashioned?" American whiskey has helped celebrate every victory Reserve, America's finest whiskey . good in any in America’s history... for American whiskey is older type of drink. than the United States. And the "Old Fashioned” Just to remind you, here’s how an "Old Fashioned” was famous when American fighting men first landed is made: in Algiers . way back in 1815. 1. To 'A lump of sugar add 2 dashes of Angostura Renew your acquaintance with this grand old Bitters and 6 drops of water. 2. Crush and dissolve American drink at the first opportunity. And let sugar. 3. Add 2 ounces of Schenley Royal Reserve. your friends in on the secret—the matchless aroma, 4.Garnish with 1 slice oforange, 1 slice of lemon, 1 slice full flavor, and smooth richness of SCHENLEY Royal pineapple, 1 cherry. 5. Add ice, stir gently, and serve. Schenley International Corporation Empire State Building, New York AMERICA'S FINEST WHISKEY . SCHENLEY % v c/\oya/ /Reserve LIBERTY This rallying cry is appearing in Schenley advertising throughout Latin America CONTENTS DECEMBER, 1943 Cover Picture: Pre-Inca stones at Tiahuanaco, Bolivia. Photo |>ren?ier by E. R. Lingeman * FOOD Russia at War 617 PRODUCTS By Admiral W. H. Standley Conference of Foreign Ministers at Moscow 621 VJ^/ HEREVER you go through¬ Extract from an Address by Hon. G. Howland out the world you can enjoy Shaw 622 PREMIER FOOD PRODUCTS. Press Comment 622 Let them follow you by availing yourself of Francis H. Leggett & Safe Conduct Certificate—Grips holm 623 Company’s PERSONALIZED The 50 Kilometres of El Alaniein 624 EXPORT SERVICE developed By Robert A. Stein solely for the convenience of for¬ The Indestructibles 628 eign service officers and their By Robert Bellaire families. Editors’ Column • Increased Personnel for the Foreign Service 630 Not only will you enjoy the finest of American foods, selected and News from the Department 631 prepared according to most rigid By Jane Wilson standards, but you will be assured News from the Field 634 of efficient service down to the mi¬ The Bookshelf 636 nutest details of packing and ship¬ Francis C. de Wolf, Review Editor ping. The Journal (iocs to a Foreign Service Wedding 638 Many foreign service families have Births 639 for years enjoyed the convenience of this service. We invite your In Memoriam 639 correspondence with reference to it. U. S. Despatch Agency, San Francisco 640 Association Financial Statement 642 Addres*: EXPORT DIVISION Service Glimpses 643 List of Retired Foreign Service Officers 644 PRANCIS [J. LEGGETT &(OMPANY Visitors 667 HUDSON RIVER, 27TH TO 28TII STREETS Issued monthly by the American Foreign Service Associa¬ tion, Department of State, Washington, I). C. Entered as NEW YORK CITY, N. Y„ U. S. A. second-class matter at the Post Office in Washington, D. C., under the act of March 3, 1879. DECEMBER. 1943 613 AND HERE THEY ARE ... again in the cheerful Chesterfield Christmas Red-the cigarette gift that SATISFIES with the best in Smoking Pleasure. Copyright 1943, LIGGETT & MYERS TOBACCO CO. 614 THE AMERICAN FOREIGN SERVICE JOURNAL INDEX FOR ADVERTISERS AMERICAN EASTERN \ mi'iican Eastern Corp. 615 TRADING & SHIPPING C0.,S.A.E. American Security and Trust Company 645 Alexandria and Suez (Egypt) Association of Pacific Fisheries . 668 Branches or Agents in: Bacardi. Compania Ron, S.A 648 Alexandria Jaffa Cairo Jerusalem Bowling Green Storage & Van Co 664 Port Said Haifa Suez Beirut Calvert School 667 Port Sudan Iskanderon Khartoum Damascus Djibouti Ankara (Campbell, \\. I).. < !o. 668 Addis Ababa Izmir Jedda Istanbul Chase National Bank : 667 Nicosia Curtiss-Wright 659 Firestone Tire and Rubber Co. 616 AMERICAN IRAQI SHIPPING CO., LTD. (Only American-Owned Shipping Firm Goodyear 647 in Persian Gulf) Grace Line 658 International Telephone & Telegraph Co 660 Basrah and Baghdad (Iraq) Francis H. Leggett & Company 613 Branches or Agents in: Liggett & Myers Tobacco Co 614 Baghdad Bandar Abbas Basrah Teheran Mayflower Hotel 662 Khorramshahr Bahrein Bandar Shahpour Ras Tannurah National Geographic Magazine 654 Abadan Koweit Bushire Mosul National City Bank _ 655 Pan-American Airways, Inc._. __ 653 Radio Corporation of America 657 Schenley Products II & III COVERS Security Storage Company of Washington 645 Socony-Vacnum Oil Co., Inc 665 Southern & Standard Engravers 663 Texaco Petroleum Products.. 649 Tyner, Miss E. J 668 United Fruil Company 666 United States Fidelity and Guaranty Company 666 Waldorf-Astoria Hotel IV COVER New York Representatives Westinghouse Electric International Co. 651 AMERICAN EASTERN CORP. Near East Division 30 Rockefeller Plaza Circle 6-0333 Please mention THE AMERICAN FOREIGN SERVICE JOURNAL when writing to advertisers. New York 20, N. Y. DECEMBER, 1943 615 IN THE WAR-TIME IN THE PEACE-TIME WORLD GIF "TODAY WORLD OF TOMORROW METALLIC BELT LINKS FOR 50-CALIBER MACHINE GUNS VELON UPHOLSTERY FOR BUSES AND RAILROADS SHATTERPROOF OXYGEN CYLINDERS ?irt$tone ALWAYS A LEADER In Quality, Value and "Know How” TODAY, Firestone factories all over the world are turning out hundreds of different products for our armed forces made from natural and synthetic rubber, metals and plastics. And each of these upholds the traditions of high quality and extra value that have always distin¬ guished Firestone products. GROUNO GRIP TRUCK-BUS Yes, Firestone “know-how” is working full¬ HEAVY DUTY TIRES TYPE ND COMBAT time for Uncle Sam these days. But some day— CONSTRUCTION soon, we hope—the roar of guns and the blast of bombs will cease. And Firestone will again demonstrate its ability to change over quickly from the materials of war to the products of peace. When that day comes, Firestone will be ready with a wider range of products of higher quality and of still greater value than any that have ever borne the name “Firestone.” MILITARY TYPE BARRAGE BALLOONS DIVIDED RIMS RIMS FOR TRUCKS AND BUSES HEAVY DUTY TUBES RUBBER AND METAL TANK TRACKS BEVERAGE CONTAINERS THE FOREIGN JOURNAL dt PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY THE AMERICAN FOREIGN SERVICE ASSOCIATION m VOL. 20, NO. 12 WASHINGTON, D. C. DECEMBER, 1943 RUSSIA AT WAR By FORMER AMBASSADOR W. H. STANDLEY Admiral, U. S. Navy, Retired IN the early spring of 1942 while we were flying What are the Russian qualities that have stood to Kuibyshev from Tehran, bad weather forced them in such good stead in the face of overwhelm¬ us down in Stalingrad. During our brief stay I ing hardships and adversity? Geographic influ¬ asked the Mayor of the city whether plans had been ences undoubtedly have an important bearing. The made for the evacuation of Stalingrad in case of a northern latitude of the Soviet Union, for exam¬ threat of German occupation. The Mayor looked ple, has developed in the Russians a stubborn for¬ at me with an expression bordering on surprise, titude in the face of adversity and a power of almost hostility. “No,” he replied with a certain resistance which has carried the Russian people amount of defiance, “we have made no such plans through the trials which they were destined to en¬ --we have no need of them. The Germans will dure in later centuries. There is also a deep-rooted never take our Stalingrad. Every man, woman and mystical patriotism, a love of Mother Russia, its child will die first.” very soil, birch forests, and rivers that is excelled During the ominous summer days of 1942 when in no country. There is a determination to cleanse the German armies were pressing deeper and deep¬ this Russian soil of the Nazi invader even if er into the Ukraine, and into the Volga valley, I every city is completely destroyed. There is an often recalled the Mayor’s words. Peter Kosyagin, ironclad discipline in every walk of Soviet life the Mayor, was almost wrong, and it was only that which, coupled with their determination, forces prac¬ supreme quality of bravery and tenacity that kept tically all foreigners in the Soviet Union to the the Nazis from gaining complete control of the city. opinion that no other people wage war as totally, as We visited Stalingrad last summer—a ghost city of exclusively as do the Russians. There is finally a rubble and ashes, completely destroyed and a terri¬ terrible bitterness against the Nazis and a rightful ble monument of the horrors of war. The Germans desire for revenge which has been engendered not had taken the city—at least most of it—but a small only by the treacherous German attack but also by segment here, an isolated island there, a few build¬ the wanton murder of civilians in the occupied ings elsewhere, or at least what was left of them, areas, by the deportation of Soviet citizens to forced all bristling with determined men, precluded the labor in Germany, and by the destruction of the Nazis from gaining complete control of the city. Soviet schools, museums, and hospitals. The Rus¬ As a German correspondent wired his paper — sians will never stop until the power of Hitler and “These cursed Russians don’t know when they are his henchmen has been utterly destroyed and until beaten.” the German threat to Soviet security has vanished. DECEMBER, 1943 617 During the last two years I have had occasion to engineers, the same tools and equipment in the out¬ watch the Russian people wage war—a most im¬ skirts of Kuibyshev. Its production had actually pressive manifestation. In Moscow, Kuibyshev, the increased over the Moscow output. When we had Urals, and in other parts of the Soviet Union I returned to Moscow in the spring of 1943, and the have visited industrial enterprises, steel mills, con¬ German threat to the capital had been removed by verted tractor factories, evacuated airplane plants that time, the original factory had given birth to and machine shops.
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