2014 - V1
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM: A VOLUNTARY, INDUSTRY DRIVEN, ENVIRONMENTAL INITIATIVE
NAMBUCCA RIVER OYSTER FARMERS
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NAMBUCCA RIVER OYSTER FARMERS COMMITMENT
It is the policy of the Nambucca River oyster farmers to conduct all aquaculture activities in an environmentally responsible manner, appropriate to the nature and scale of operations.
The aim is to ensure that aquaculture activities do not cause environmental pollution, and that oyster growers operate under the principles of ecologically sustainable development.
To achieve this Nambucca River oyster farmers will:
Comply with relevant laws and regulations and implement industry best practice (e.g. Oyster Industry Sustainable Aquaculture Strategy)
Plan for environmental hazards and work towards mitigating their potential impacts
Recognise and protect the cultural and aesthetic values of the Nambucca River and its catchment
Cultivate oysters in a manner that minimises resource consumption, waste production and pollution
Communicate openly with relevant stakeholders on environmental matters
Contribute to scientific research and innovation relevant to oyster cultivation and estuarine environments
Strive for continual improvement
This EMS has been endorsed by all oyster farming businesses on the Nambucca River.
Armstrong Oysters Gumma Oysters Nambucca River Oysters McKinley Oysters Oyster 1 Paul Armstrong Prime Water Oysters Pty Ltd. The Nambucca River Oyster Company Pty. Ltd.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. HOW TO USE THIS EMS 4
2. INTRODUCTION 5 2.1. Relationship to other plans and regulations 6 2.2. Scope 6 2.3. Development 7 2.4. Emergency response 7 2.5. Pathway to implementation 8
3. INDUSTRY DESCRIPTION 10 3.1. Sydney rock oysters 10 3.2. History of Nambucca River oyster farming 11 3.3. Farming methods 13 3.4. Land based activities 16 3.5. Water quality monitoring 17
4. ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW 20 4.1. The Nambucca River 20 4.2. Risk assessment process 21 4.3. Summary of environmental risks 23
5. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPROVEMENT PLAN 25
6. REVIEW FORM 42
7. SUPPORT FOR OYSTER FARMERS 50 7.1. Rural support program 50 7.2. Useful contacts 51
8. CONTACT & FEEDBACK 55
This project is supported by Nambucca River oyster farmers, OceanWatch Australia and North Coast Local Land Services. OceanWatch Australia is the national marine NRM organisation recognised and supported by the Australian Government.
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1. HOW TO USE THIS EMS
How to use the EMS to … explain oyster farming practices
An introduction to the oyster industry is provided from page 10, describing the species grown, a history of the oyster industry in the Nambucca River and current farming methods used. It also provides a brief explanation of the comprehensive water quality monitoring program that oyster farmers undertake to ensure a safe and premium quality product.
How to use the EMS to … highlight the high risk activities to the local oyster industry
High risk activities to oyster farming in the Nambucca River have been identified through a risk analysis. This allows potential risks to be identified and ranked as low, moderate, significant or high depending on the likelihood of a risk occurring and the severity of the consequence. A summary of these risks are provided on pg. 23 & 24.
Risks have been split into two groups:
External risks: May arise from other people’s activities, or from natural events such as extreme weather conditions Internal risks: May arise as a result of oyster farming operations
How to use the EMS to … improve the environmental performance of the oyster industry & environmental conditions in the Nambucca River
The Environmental Improvement Plan (pg. 25) provides background information on how each of the risks may impact the oyster industry. This plan also outlines how oyster farmers and other stakeholders can work to protect the estuary and the future of this important local industry.
How to use the EMS to … demonstrate that oysters farmers are continually improving their environmental performance
It is encouraged that oyster farmers, or a nominated organisation such as OceanWatch, periodically review the environmental performance of the industry against the improvement plan. A review form has been including in this document on page 42.
Undertaking this review allows oyster farmers to see how successfully they are working towards the improvement plan. A summary of the year’s achievements should be added to the back of this document, and can be used as the basis of a media release promoting the actions of the local oyster industry.
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2. INTRODUCTION
Oyster farmers have a vested interest in maintaining and improving the local environment, with their livelihoods dependant on the health and productivity of the estuary.
An Environmental Management System (EMS) is a step-by-step process to identify and manage environmental impacts, risks and opportunities. The model is based on a philosophy of continual improvement – that is, recognising current performance against set requirements, and then working towards realistic and achievable improvements in the future.
An EMS helps ensure the long term sustainability of oyster farming by reducing or preventing identified negative impacts on the environment.
The benefit for oyster farmers to develop an estuary-wide EMS is that it:
provides an organised, documented and coordinated approach to both
improving and demonstrating environmental sustainability
Other benefits that can be gained from having an EMS include:
avenue to engage with stakeholders and to improve catchment conditions; ability to portray a positive public image of the industry; reduced operating costs; higher product prices from having a clean, green image; improve compliance levels across operators.
Nambucca River oyster farmers recognise that they have a responsibility to cultivate oysters on behalf of the community as sustainably as current technology and techniques allow, and to improve as new methods develop. Oyster farmers are demonstrating their commitment by voluntarily participating in this industry-driven EMS.
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2.1. RELATIONSHIP TO OTHER PLANS & REGULATIONS
An EMS is designed to complement existing laws, guidelines and strategies that direct environmental management and best-practice marine resource use. These include.
Crown Land Act 1989 Fisheries Management Act 1994 NSW Threatened Species Conservation Act 1995 Environmental Protection & Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 Environmental Protection & Biodiversity Conservation Regulations 2000 Fisheries Management (General) Regulation 2002 Coffs Coast Oyster Industry Development Plan 2002 Northern Rivers CMA - Catchment Action Plan 2005 New South Wales Oyster industry – Sustainable Aquaculture Strategy 2006 Nambucca River Estuary Management Plan 2008 Nambucca River Master Plan 2010 Nambucca Shire Council Local Environmental Plan (LEP) 2010 NSW Shellfish Industry Manual 2011 State Environmental Planning Policy (SEPP) 62 – Sustainable Aquaculture 2011
2.2. SCOPE
The scope of this EMS is limited to:
1) The environmental aspects of aquaculture operations undertaken by Nambucca River oyster farmers 2) The most significant environmental aspects of activities and processes within the catchment that may impact upon oyster farming in the Nambucca River
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2.3. DEVELOPMENT
As an industry driven initiative, this EMS was developed by oyster farmers in the Nambucca River through a series of workshops, with a facilitator, Andy Myers from OceanWatch Australia. The project has been supported with funding from the Australian Government and North Coast Local Land Services.
The EMS is based on a risk analysis approach to oyster farming in the Nambucca River. Potential risks are identified and ranked as low, moderate, significant or high depending on the likelihood of a risk happening and the consequence if the risk does occur. An Environmental Improvement Plan outlines actions to reduce or remove these risks.
Whilst the EMS was compiled with regards to International Standard, ISO 14001:2004 (Environmental Management Systems), it is not fully compliant with the standard in its current form. The ISO standard describes the general requirements for documenting and implementing environmental management.
2.4. EMERGENCY RESPONSE
Nambucca River oyster farmers will respond to emergency situations and accidents, and work with the appropriate authorities to prevent or mitigate any associated negative impacts.
Farmers are encouraged to work with the appropriate authorities to develop Emergency Response Plans. Such plans will enable suitable preparation and planning, and a quick reaction in the event of an emergency. These actions will help to mitigating the negative impacts on the environment and the industry.
Emergency Response Plans may cover instances of oyster mortality & disease, fuel and oil spills, release of hazardous chemicals, natural disasters, effluent spill or release, fires and explosions.
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2.5. PATHWAY TO IMPLEMENTATION
An EMS is based on the philosophy of continual improvement. Below is a suggested model for implementation of this EMS, incorporating both review processes and communication.
Launch & Extend to 0 EMS Developed engage stakeholders months (version 1) with media
3 – 12 Quarterly EMS months Meetings
Year 1 – Annual Publish 12 Environmental Extend to successes months stakeholders & engage
Update with media
ground ground works
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with with the localcommunity -
15-24 Quarterly EMS
months Meetings and and work
Publish Year 2 - Annual Opportunities / on for 24 Extend to successes months Environmental stakeholders & engage
Update with media engage, educate educate engage,
27-36 Quarterly EMS
months Meetings Implement Action Implement Plan
36 opportunities to Take months EMS Full Review
Launch & Extend to EMS Developed engage 36 stakeholders months (version 2) with media
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Extend to stakeholders: The EMS and Environmental Updates provide an opportunity to educate the local community and engage with key stakeholders (e.g. NSW DPI, NSW Food Authority, North Coast Local Land Services and Nambucca Shire Council). These organisations should be sent a copy of the EMS, and asked for comment. Specific questions raised in this document should be directed to the appropriate organisation, and a written response requested.
EMS launch: It is recommended that oyster farmers use the EMS launch to engage with key stakeholders. Consider organising an open-day or similar engagement event where people can visit oyster sheds, be taken out to lease areas and learn about the industry. This provides an ideal opportunity to discuss cultivation practices and the challenges that oyster farmers face.
Quarterly EMS meetings: It is important to continue driving environmental improvements following launch of the EMS. Quarterly meetings provide an opportunity for oyster farmers to discuss environmental issues, and delegate actions to be pursued. To build networks and encourage communication with other organisations, consider inviting external representatives to talk about their work, and any projects that might be of interest. Consider setting up your group as a Landcare group.
Annual environmental update: This documents the progress that has been achieved by the industry. A meeting of all oyster farmers should be arranged (or tied into the QAP-AGM), and achievements recorded against the Environmental Improvement Plan. This information can then be used to generate an Environmental Update. The update should be added to the back of the EMS, and circulated to key stakeholders. Consider using the key achievements to promote the activities of the industry (e.g. in a media release or other promotional material).
This process also allows farmers to discuss incidents where the provisions of this EMS were not met. Failures may be:
intentional or unintentional; an indication of inappropriate actions; due to highly unusual circumstances; some combination of the above
Possible responses may include:
adapting actions plans; a full review of the EMS; training; no action
Full EMS review: Every 3-4 years it is recommended that oyster farmers reassess the environmental risks to oyster farming, and update this EMS to reflect the changing condition of the estuary and catchment. New risks may have emerged and farmers may need to consider a new approach to protect their interests. On the other hand, old risks may have been sufficiently addressed and may now be downgraded or removed.
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3. INDUSTRY DESCRIPTION
3.1. SYDNEY ROCK OYSTERS (Saccostrea glomerata)
The Sydney rock oyster is endemic to Australia and is found in bays, inlets and sheltered estuaries from Harvey Bay (Qld), south to Wingan Inlet (Vic). It is capable of tolerating a wide range of salinities and occupies the intertidal zone to 3m below low water. Within this range they are common on hard rocky substrates.
Sydney rock oysters generally spawn in summer around the full moon. Peak spawning usually occurs in December at water temperatures of 21–23° C, but can occur in any month. Oysters are 'broadcast spawners', meaning that both male and female gametes are released into open water for fertilisation. Within hours of fertilisation the eggs develop into free-swimming planktonic larvae that remain in estuarine and coastal waters for up to 3 weeks. During this time the larvae develop clear shells and a retractable foot, before settling on a suitable substrate using the foot to find an appropriate site. The foot is resorbed once the larvae are attached, the shell darkens and the small animal takes on the appearance of an adult oyster. Settled, footless oyster larvae are known as 'spat'. They will remain settled in that location for the rest of their life.
Growth rates vary with local conditions, but generally Sydney rock oysters reach 40– 60g in 3-4 years. They are capable of spawning after 1-year, and have the peculiar trait of changing sex from males to females as they grow older. A later sex reversal is possible, but around 75% of prime eating oysters are female.
All oysters are filter feeders, straining organic material (mainly plankton) from the surrounding water. Mortality is highest in the free swimming & early settlement phases, and at this stage oysters are subject to prey from a variety of fish species. Once the shell has hardened they are less vulnerable to fish predation, but stingrays, mud crabs, whelks and starfish all feed on adult oysters.
Commercial hatcheries (e.g. the Select Oyster Company - SOCo) now selectively breed select oysters with a fast growth rate so that quick-growing spat can be derived. These hatchery-reared oysters can grow to market size in half the time of wild-caught spat (i.e. 2 years instead of 4). These oysters may also be bred to provide some resistance to disease, particularly Qx and winter mortality.
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3.2. HISTORY OF NAMBUCCA RIVER OYSTER FARMING
Oyster have been gathered along the Nambucca River since Aboriginal times, however commercial production in the estuary can be traced back to the 1900’s. In these early days oysters were grown using a combination of intertidal sticks and tray culture.
In the 1930’s, the New South Wales State Government granted licenses (or permits) to the local industry, identifying designated lease areas in which the farmers could operate. These lease areas have been responsibly managed by successive generations of oyster farmers for well over 80 years. With the introduction of rafts in the 1970’s the oyster industry on the Nambucca River boomed, and oyster leases covered a large proportion of the river extending from the river mouth at Nambucca Heads through to Macksville Bridge.
Nambucca River mouth in the 1950’s
A flooded Gordon Park in the 1950’s
Oyster production in NSW peaked in the 1970’s, with production reaching 14 million dozen. Since this peak, production has gradually fallen, and the NSW annual production figure currently fluctuates around 7million dozen.
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In 2005, the Nambucca River was home to 10 oyster farmers working in 52 designated lease areas. Today, the number of working leases is down to 39, and the number of oyster farmers has also dropped to 9. Surprisingly, these losses have not resulted in a decline in production, and the Nambucca River remains an important oyster growing estuary, producing a distinctively flavoured, and much valued oyster.
Commercial oyster production in the Nambucca River
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3.3. FARMING METHODS
Oyster growers in NSW typically utilise a variety of farming methods in different areas of an estuary. Each method has advantages and disadvantages, and the choice of a particular method depends on personal preference as well as the location and features of the lease. This diversity of farming methods is not really seen in the Nambucca River. This is largely because the physical characteristics of the estuary encourage one particular form of cultivation … rafts.
Although the use of rafts is widely used for the growing of oysters, juvenile oyster spat may be obtained from a number of different sources. Spat for cultivation may be:
1. Self-sourced by harvesting naturally occurring, free-freeing oyster larvae 2. Brought from specialised catching farms where the catch is consistently high (especially from the Hastings River) 3. Purchased from commercial hatcheries. These spat are often bred from family lines that grow quickly and have natural resistance to disease.
Self collection / harvesting of spat in the Nambucca River is undertaken through the use of plastic slats. Thin strips of arced PVC plastic or ‘slats’ are arranged horizontally on a frame 5-10mm apart with the appearance resembling that of a Venetian blind. The frame and attached slats are then stacked on top of one another to maximise the surface area and then laid on racks within leases exposed to the most natural spatfall. Some slats have fine ribs to encourage settlement. These simple collectors offer spat protection from predators such as fish and birds.
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Spat that is purchased from other producers or hatcheries can be bought at varying stages of development; the smaller the spat the cheaper they are, however mortality rates and handling requirements are increased.
Spat that is collected using the slat method, purchased from specialised catching farms or commercial hatcheries are required to be dealt with as individual oysters. These are known as ‘single seed oysters’.
Only two methods are typically used in the Nambucca River to grow oysters beyond the catching / buy-in phase:
Plastic tumblers / cylinders attached to long-lines Floating rafts
Growing oysters using ‘long-lines’ is a system that is growing in popularity in other NSW estuaries, although their use is limited in the Nambucca River. This method involved establishing a series of hanging lines, onto which hard plastic cylinders containing oysters are attached. The weight of the line is supported intermittently with vertical uprights, which may be constructed of wood, or wood sheathed in hard plastic. Such sheathing preserves the integrity of the structure from marine organisms that bore into the wood.
Tumblers are attached to long-lines via shark clips allowing them to rotate with the wind and tide. A PVC pipe is added to the cylinder to provide floatation and to agitate the oysters. The movement of the tumbler reduces the tendency for oysters to cluster together, and promotes even growth throughout the stock. Oysters are produced with a marketable cupped shape. Oysters are frequently graded and dried, and as they grow, are progressively moved to larger mesh sizes. The larger mesh size promotes the flow of nutrients.
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‘Raft culture’ utilises floating rafts under which the oysters are suspended. Stacks of between 7 and 12 plastic trays are used to house the oysters, and these ‘modules’ spend the majority of their time suspended below the surface from the openings on the raft deck. Intermittently, the modules of oysters are pulled up and dried as a means to cull natural spatfall and other fouling organisms. The trays are secured in position via ropes mounted from each corner and secured to the raft. Stacks of trays are quite heavy and require the use of a crane mounted on oyster punts for lifting and lowering. This allows the operator to handle large quantities of oysters (for drying/culling and harvesting) in a short amount of time. Because the trays are suspended, oysters spend the entire tidal cycle in the feed rich upper layer of the water column.
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3.4. LAND BASED ACTIVITIES
The nature of commercial oyster cultivation not only requires considerable water based infrastructure but also necessitates a functional land base from which operations can be conducted. The majority of Aquaculture Permit Holders in the Nambucca River use privately owned freehold properties from which they conduct their farming operations. Others have lease arrangements with the Department of Lands (Crown Lands), allowing farmers’ permissive occupancy of a small section of waterfront land.
These land-based depots serve multiple functions. The sites are used to store farming equipment (including trays and raft materials), to clean, grade and depurate oysters, and to maintain equipment which may include outboard engines, tractors, and hydraulic cranes. Farmers without direct waterfront access also use shed sites to store their oyster punts (work vessels).
Few of the land-based depots are serviced by the reticulated main town sewerage system. Most of the farmers therefore maintain septic tanks or port-a-loo facilities; whilst others make arrangements to use facilities off site. The expansion of the reticulated sewerage network is in the hands of Nambucca Shire Council, with 38% of the LGA population currently unconnected to the main system.
Oyster farmers of the Nambucca River do not maintain bulk stores of fuel/oil on site, and hence no bunding is employed to protect against spills. Only small quantities of fuel/oil are held in sheds for everyday use, and these fluids are stored in appropriate canisters.
Grading of oysters into similar sizes may be undertaken in a number of different ways. Some farmers grade by hand, while others may utilise an automated grader. Whilst the form of automatic graders may differ, they all operate on the same principle, selecting and separating oysters of a similar size. Once graded into sizes, oysters not ready for market are placed back into trays or cylinders for further growth, while those of a suitable size are depurated ready for sale (see water quality monitoring on page 17 for more details on depuration).
Example of a tumble grader in use Automatic grader ready for action
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3.5. WATER QUALITY MONITORING
Due to a wide variety of activities and processes that can impact estuary health, the oyster farmers of Nambucca River maintain a Quality Assurance Program. Through this program, water and meat quality is assessed on a regular basis to ensure that immediate action can be taken should pollution levels threaten the health of the river and the viability of oyster stocks.
Water and meat quality samples validate each farmers licence issued by the NSW Food Authority and they are required to pay a substantial levy to fund this local Quality Assurance Program (QAP). This program greatly benefits the wider community by providing a very clear indication of catchment health. The long-term, standardised dataset also provides an invaluable record of changing environmental parameters. In this way, the oyster farmers of the Nambucca River contribute to the scientific understanding of the waterway and its management. Recognising this contribution, Nambucca Shire Council partially compensates the farmers for the data collection program.
There are 3 areas in the Nambucca River that have been classified by the NSW Food Authority for the harvesting of oysters (see map on next page). These areas have been classified in accordance with the requirements of the Australian Shellfish Quality Assurance Program (ASQAP). All three harvest areas (Upper Nambucca, Middle Nambucca and Lower Nambucca) have been classified as conditionally restricted.
This classification reflects the fact that the sewage treatment plant at Macksville directly discharges treated effluent into the river upstream from oyster harvest areas, and not necessarily because of water quality issues. Under the terms of the Australian Shellfish Quality Assurance Program, this discharge prohibits the harvest areas from receiving conditionally approved status.
All harvest areas must meet strict water quality criteria. If these criteria are not met then the area closes and oyster farmers are unable to sell oysters until there is an improvement in environmental conditions.
The conditionally restricted status recognises that there may be some local issues with water quality, but at levels low enough to be removed from shellfish via depuration. Depuration is a statutory process that requires oysters to be placed in a sterilised recirculation tank for 36 hours. During this process the oysters self cleanse in recirculated water, which is sterilised using ultraviolet light.
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Harvest Conditionally Approved Conditional Restricted Closed Area (direct harvest) (depuration required)
Rainfall in 24 hrs < 30mm Rainfall > 30mm in 24hrs AND OR Upper Rainfall in 7 days < 70mm Rainfall > 70mm in 7 days Nambucca AND OR Salinity > 18ppt Salinity < 18ppt Rainfall in 24 hrs < 30mm Rainfall > 30mm in 24hrs AND OR Middle Rainfall in 7 days < 70mm Rainfall > 70mm in 7 days Nambucca AND OR Salinity > 19ppt Salinity < 19ppt Rainfall in 24 hrs < 30mm Rainfall > 30mm in 24hrs AND OR Lower Rainfall in 7 days < 70mm Rainfall > 70mm in 7 days Nambucca AND OR Salinity > 19ppt Salinity < 19ppt
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4. ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW
4.1. THE NAMBUCCA RIVER
The Nambucca River is located on the Coffs Coast region of NSW, halfway between Sydney and Brisbane, 50km south of Coffs Harbour.
The estuarine river system includes the Nambucca River and its two main tributaries, Taylors Arm and Warrell Creek, which collectively cover a waterway area of 7.74km2. It is one of the shortest river systems on the NSW coast stretching only 47km long.
The river catchment is contained almost completely within the boundary of Nambucca Shire Council, and drains an area of 1,330km2. It is a highly modified environment, altered from its natural state by human occupation resulting in the replacement of native bushland with agricultural lands and urban development.
The catchment is home to about 20,000 people, the majority of which have settled in the urban centres of Nambucca Heads, Macksville and Bowraville. 62% of the population are currently serviced by the reticulated sewerage system with the remaining 38% serviced by ‘On-site Sewerage Management Systems’ (OSMS).
There are two sewage treatment plants of potential relevance to the oyster industry which discharge into the Nambucca River estuary. One discharges at the confluence of Newee Creek (at Macksville), and the second discharges into the river at Bowraville (over 20km upstream).
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4.2. RISK ASSESSMENT PROCESS
Risk is the chance of something happening that will have an impact on the environment, community and / or the industry
An EMS is based on a risk analysis approach. Potential risks are identified and ranked as low, moderate, significant or high depending on the likelihood of a risk happening and the consequence if the risk does occur. Each specific risk is ranked, based upon the tables below:
LIKELIHOOD OF A RISK HAPPENING
Rare May occur in exceptional circumstances Unlikely Uncommon, but has been known to occur Possible Some evidence to suggest this may possibly occur Likely May occur Almost certain Expected to occur in most circumstances
CONSEQUENCE IF THE RISK DOES OCCUR
Minimal impact, unlikely to be measureable from natural Negligible variability Minor Possible detectable but minimal impact on structure / function Maximum acceptable level of impact on the environment, Moderate time frame for recovery more months than years
Major Will result in wider and long term impacts
Very serious impacts with relatively long time frame for recovery Severe to an acceptable level, includes irreversible damage
RISK MATRIX Consequence Negligible Minor Moderate Major Severe
Rare Low Low Moderate Significant Significant
Unlikely Low Low Moderate Significant High Possible Low Moderate Significant High High
Likelihood Likely Moderate Significant Significant High High Almost certain Significant Significant High High High
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RISK CATEGORY & MANAGEMENT RESPONSE
Low No further procedures or action required to address issue
Appropriate action required to address issue Moderate May include continuation of current arrangements
Management attention required Significant Action to address issue needs to be taken
Strong and immediate action required High New or further risk control measures needed
Potential risks may be classified as:
Risks that arise as a direct result of oyster farming operations, as Internal Risks well as issues of disease Risks that arise from other people’s activities, or from natural External Risks events such as extreme weather conditions
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4.3. SUMMARY OF ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS
Internal Risks Risks that arise as a direct result of oyster farming practices
Consequence Insignificant Minor Moderate Major Severe
Rare T I
Unlikely S Q, R N, O, P G, H J, K, B, C, Possible A L, M D, E, F
Likelihood Likely Almost certain
A. Loss of stock through disease outbreaks and / or poor oyster resilience B. Oyster stocks infested with mudworm C. Marine pests harboured on derelict leases D. Materials break away from secured raft / lease area E. Release of airborne contaminants by burning oyster cultivation infrastructure F. Contamination of estuary from faulty toilets not connected to the main town line G. Harmful solutions leaking from blue plastic drums used for raft floatation H. Fuel / oil spills from oyster punts operating in the estuary I. Threatened species struck by oyster punt J. Shed site erosion from fork-lifts, tractors & other machinery K. Shed site erosion increased by washing down gear, equipment & oysters L. Inefficient outboards resulting in high emissions M. Potable town water used to clean equipment and oysters N. Fuel / oil spills on land depots O. Chemicals that leak through poor storage or an adverse event P. Visual pollution of leases that have not been maintained (incl. derelict leases) Q. River bank erosion from punt wash travelling to & from leases R. Oyster contamination & public perception issues of dogs in & around leases S. Noise from oyster farming activities T. Waste shells are not utilised to their potential
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External Risks Risks that arise from other people’s activities, or from natural events such as extreme weather conditions Consequence Insignificant Minor Moderate Major Severe
Rare
Unlikely P
Possible T, U Q, R, S M, N, O J D, E
Likelihood Likely L K F, G, H, I A, B Almost C certain
A. Failing septic tanks (esp. high risk sites – caravan parks, motels, showground) B. Exposure of acid-sulphate soil through disturbance or drainage (esp. Gumma Gumma & Watt Creeks) C. Cattle effluent entering waterways from uncontrolled cattle access to foreshore D. Mining proposal in the upper catchment E. Loss of stock through disease outbreaks and / or poor oyster resilience F. Macksville STP & pump-stations failure & inability to handle flows during peak periods & wet weather flows G. Water users and campers discharging effluent H. High levels of bacterial contamination originating from Newee Creek I. Oil / fuel spills J. Urban development & construction (esp. Pacific Highway & Macksville Bridge, West St, Beer Creek, West Macksville Development) K. Riparian vegetation loss through clearing and poor cattle fencing upriver L. Variety of contaminants entering the estuary from urban run-off M. Pump-out facilitiy may be locked or underwater during floods N. Flooding (freshwater flows / materials displaced / run-off from land) O. Public accessing lease areas resulting in loss of stock and damage to infrastructure P. Sediment mobilised by earthworks carried out in the catchment without consent or appropriate control measures Q. Lack of community understanding, knowledge & willingness to make environmental improvements R. River bank erosion through boat wash & stock trampling S. Data collected through the Newee Creek Study is unpublished – despite publicly funded T. Lack of interaction & engagement with key stakeholders (esp. North Coast LLS) U. Community unhappy with look / presence of leases through lack of understanding & respect
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5. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPROVEMENT PLAN To Address Internal Risks:
Erosion & sedimentation:
Background: The nature of oyster farming necessitates the use of machinery such as tractors and fork-lifts at shed sites, and the operation of these heavy vehicles over unsealed ground has the potential to cause erosion. Due to the proximity of shed sites to the waterway it is likely that, without appropriate controls, mobilised sediment would eventually run-off into the Nambucca River and associated tributaries. Recognising this risk, some farmers have constructed sediment traps to capture run-off, and are managing the wash down of equipment and oysters to minimise sediment loss.
Significant erosion not only impacts on estuary health through seagrass smothering & inhibiting light penetration, but in extreme cases can also result in run-off gullies that cut across shed sites. Such effects could impact on business productivity, create OHS issues and hinder machinery operation. Oyster shells are often used to fill pot-holes and to contribute to road-base, and these serve to reduce the exposure of sediment and inhibit the formation of run-off gullies.
Wash from oyster punts travelling to and from leases could contribute to river bank erosion; however farmers take care to operate vessels in regards to the local environment and weather conditions. There are no knot limits within the harvest areas of the Nambucca River, and currently the only 4 knot zone in effect is around Stuart Island in the lower reaches of the estuary.
Risks to be reduced by the actions below: Initial Risk: Shed site erosion from forklifts, tractors and other machinery Moderate Shed site erosion increased by washing down gear, machinery & oysters Moderate River bank erosion from punt wash travelling to & from leases Low
Actions (see review form on page 42 for how performance may be recorded) 1. Improve erosion control at shed sites to minimise impact of machinery 2. Wash gear in appropriate locations to minimise erosion 3. Develop means to capture sediment mobilised in washing down activities 4. Ensure oyster farmers are aware of knot limits within the Nambucca River
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Oyster cultivation infrastructure:
Background: As explained on pages 13-15, oyster cultivation in the Nambucca River is currently limited to:
1) Plastic slat bundles mounted on wooden frames (for the collection of spat) 2) Long-lines with clipped tumblers/cylinders supported by wooden & plastic sheathed uprights 3) Floating oyster rafts
The vast majority of oysters in the Nambucca River are produced using floating rafts, and this method of farming carries a unique set of risks not associated with other oyster cultivation techniques.
To assist oyster farmers with the construction and maintenance of floating rafts, the NSW Department of Primary Industries has published a guide: ‘Best Practice Guidelines for Oyster Raft Construction’:http://www.dpi.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0003/421275/INT11-83575-Best- Practice-Guidelines-Oyster-Raft-Construction.pdf
In NSW, floating oyster rafts are typically of timber construction with buoyancy provided by 200 litre recycled plastic drums. Plastic drums are used to store and transport a wide range of products, some of which can pose a serious threat to human health and the environment. As floatation drums often leak, it is essential to ensure their proper installation, and that there are no potentially dangerous residual products left inside. To reduce this risk, only plastic drums sourced from a licensed drum recycling company may be used for raft floatation.
The Nambucca River has experienced some considerable flooding events in recent years. Such events not only greatly increase the volume of river discharge, but also transport flood debris to the coast. This has the potential to cause significant damage to oyster cultivation infrastructure, and can even break rafts away from mooring blocks. Such an event would result in significant loss of infrastructure and product, the generation of marine debris and the creation of a navigational hazard. To mitigate the chance of this occurring, farmers undertake regular maintenance of rafts to ensure their stability and integrity, and most rafts are built to conform with the NSW DPI Best Practice Guidelines.
Should rafts or oyster cultivation materials break away from a lease area, where feasible and appropriate, farmers will make efforts to recover the associated debris.
Risks to be reduced by the actions below: Initial Risk: Harmful solutions leaking from blue plastic drums used for raft floatation Significant Materials break away from secured raft / lease area Significant
Actions (see review form on page 42 for how performance may be recorded) 5. Ensure all farmers are aware of the NSW DPI ‘Best Practice Guidelines – Raft Guidelines’ 6. Continue to only source drums from licensed recyclers 7. Same as Action 5, but addresses a different risk Farmers provide feedback to NSW DPI regarding drum labelling, and request improved 8. techniques and guidelines 9. Farmers make efforts to recover the raft and any associated debris following detachment
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Chemicals, fuel & oil:
Background: Oyster farmers of the Nambucca River do not maintain bulk stores of fuel/oil on site, and hence no bunding is employed to protect against spills. Only small quantities of fuel/oil are held in sheds for everyday use, and these fluids are stored in appropriate canisters. Secondary containment is recommended to act as a back-up to contain spills in the unlikely event that the first container fails.
As oyster farming involves the use of a variety of machinery, including outboard engines, automated grading machines, tractors and fork-lifts, it is important for farmers to maintain this equipment to protect against spills of oil and other fluids. Such maintenance is built into everyday farming activities, and is fundamental to maintain productivity.
Very few chemicals are used in oyster farming, with the most commonly used being chlorine. Chlorine is used to disinfect depuration tanks, and should be stored as directed on the associated Safety Data Sheet. The correct Safety Data Sheet should be stored with the chemical at all times.
Growers are also encouraged to work with appropriate authorities to develop Emergency Response Plans. Such plans will enable suitable preparation and planning, and a quick reaction in the event of an emergency. These actions will help to mitigate the negative impacts on the environment and the industry. Emergency response plans may include: fires; explosions; fuel & oil spills; release of hazardous chemicals; natural disasters; oyster mortality & disease; effluent spill / release.
Risks to be reduced by the actions below: Initial Risk: Fuel / oil spills from oyster punts operating in the estuary Significant Fuel / oil spills on land depots Moderate Chemicals that leak through poor storage or an adverse event Moderate
Actions (see review form on page 42 for how performance may be recorded) 10. Develop an Emergency Response Plan to effectively manage emergency situations 11. Alert / work with authorities to aid containment after a spill 12. Only small volumes of fuel & oil stored on site if no secondary containment 13. Consider secondary containment of oils and fuel (e.g. bunding) 14. Ensure chlorine & other chemicals are stored with the appropriate safety data sheet
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Effluent:
Background: Pets: Pets represent a risk to food safety and their presence on oyster punts and around shed sites are guided by regulations administered by the NSW Food Authority. Whilst oyster farmers are versed in these regulations, contractors and visitors to oyster production sites are unlikely to be aware of these guidelines. Given that oysters are typically eaten raw, the presence of animals raises questions over food safety.
Toilets: As well as spending a considerable amount of time on the water tending their leases, the nature of commercial oyster cultivation also requires farmers to spend extended periods at land based, shed facilities. The depots are used to store farming equipment (including trays and raft materials), to clean, grade and depurate oysters, and to maintain equipment which may include outboard engines, cranes, tractors, and fork-lifts. Farmers without direct waterfront access also use shed sites to store their oyster punts (work vessels).
Few of the land-based depots are serviced by the reticulated main town sewerage system. Most oyster farmers in the Nambucca River therefore maintain septic systems or port-a-loo facilities; whilst others make arrangements to use amenities off site. Despite being well maintained by the farmers and subject to annual council inspections, these present a potential pollution risk if infrastructure and holding tanks are damaged.
The expansion of the reticulated sewerage network is in the hands of Nambucca Shire Council, with 38% of the LGA population currently restricted to using ‘On-site Sewerage Management Systems’ (OSMS). The farmers will continue to inspect & maintain current facilities, whilst encouraging providers to expand the reticulated network.
Risks to be reduced by the actions below: Initial Risk: Oyster contamination & public perception issues of dogs in & around oysters Low Contamination of estuary from faulty toilets not connected to the main town line Significant
Actions (see review form on page 42 for how performance may be recorded) 15. Pets managed in consideration of industry legislation & regulations 16. Ensure visitors / contractors are aware of farm practices in relation to pets 17. Continue maintenance & inspection schedule of toilet facilities 18. Encourage council to extend town sewerage network 19. Take opportunities to connect to the main line & decommission septic tanks
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Air quality:
Background: Outboards: There is currently no Australian legislation that limits air or water emissions from marine outboard engines. However, as all marine engines sold in Australia are imported mainly from the US or Japan, many do comply with emission standards applicable to the country of origin. On the other hand, overseas manufactures produce high emissions marine outboard engines to sell in unregulated markets such as Australia.
Outboard Emissions Standards were due to be enacted in Australia in 2012, rating the environmental performance of outboard engines. This date now appears to have been pushed back into 2013. Engines meeting these standards will have significantly lower air and water emissions than conventional outboard motors and will also be more fuel efficient.
Burning old oyster infrastructure: The main materials that are decommissioned from oyster leases in the Nambucca are plastic drums and wooden beams from floating rafts, and old damaged oyster trays. Whilst the burning of rubbish and old oyster infrastructure is not part of normal farming practice, farmers may be tempted to burn these items at certain times. Especially where plastic products are involved, this may result in the release of airborne contaminants (e.g. hydrocarbons, toxic fumes).
Nambucca river oyster farmers generally adopt a principle of reuse or dispose of old cultivation infrastructure. In some circumstances the material removed from a lease might still be functionally sound or repairable. Rather than the costly and wasteful act of disposing of this material at landfill, farmers may chose to repair the item or adapt and re-use it for a different purpose. Material that cannot be re-used without causing environmental damage, will be dried and disposed at a suitable EPA approved landfill site.
Risks to be reduced by the actions below: Initial Risk: Inefficient outboards resulting in high emissions Moderate Release of airborne contaminants by burning oyster cultivation infrastructure Significant
Actions (see review form on page 42 for how performance may be recorded) 20. Consider upgrading to EPA approved motors when replacing 21. Aust. Outboard Emission Standards circulated to farmers upon release 22. Where no environmental harm may result, adopt principle of re-use & recycle 23. Other material to be disposed of at licensed waste depots
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Resource use:
Background: Shell: With large volumes of stock in cultivation, some oysters will naturally die during production. There has long been discussion within the industry about how to value add to this waste product / resource. Currently, waste shell is used to fill pot-holes & reduce erosion on access roads and around shed sites. Some farmers also provide old shell to macadamia, avocado and chicken farmers. In other estuaries, shells have also been requested by local builders for use in cement. As an alternative option, research is underway into the use of crushed oyster shells as crop / lime fertiliser, with initial assessments showing some considerable benefits. Local farmers will endeavour to keep up to date on this research, so that they can take advantage of any future opportunities.
Water: Recognising that potable water is a valuable resource, farmers are committed to minimising water consumption & wastage. Most farmers already utilise rainwater tanks, whilst others are looking at funding opportunities to offset the cost of tank installation. This will enable farmers to harvest run- off from shed roofs, and use this rainwater to clean equipment and machinery.
Risks to be reduced by the actions below: Initial Risk: Waste shells are not utilised to their potential Low Potable town water used to clean equipment and oysters Moderate
Actions (see review form on page 42 for how performance may be recorded) 24. Communicate with farmers in other estuaries to discuss alternative shell use 25. Install rainwater tanks to minimise use of potable water
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Ecological effects:
Background: Oyster disease: The health of oysters is largely influenced by water quality, with their capacity to tolerate disturbance and disease linked to the health of the estuary. In the northern estuaries of NSW, there have been notable outbreaks of Qx disease (caused by the parasite Marteilia sydneyi), in the Tweed, Richmond, Clarence and Kalang Rivers. Whilst the Nambucca has so far remained free from infection, the parasite responsible has been found in the estuary. What turns the parasite from benign to virulent is not known, but estuary health and the resilience of the oyster are likely to play a role. Farmers therefore have a vested interest to get involved in catchment-based projects, and improve estuary health. This will give oysters the best possible chance to fight off possible infection.
As a condition of their aquaculture permit, growers are reminded to report details of any suspected disease or significant mortality (>5%) to NSW DPI.
Mudworm: Where high levels of silt persist in the water column, this can affect the sensitive feeding apparatus of oysters. This impediment can lead to infestations of mudworm, a parasite that can severely impact the health of oysters and in many cases result in mortality. Whilst mudworm is not a common occurrence in the Nambucca River, the potential exists to this to impact on oyster stocks in the future. Working to limit erosion and sedimentation of the estuary will reduce the risk of mudworm.
Marine pests: Derelict leases are not only a visual eyesore on the estuary, but may also harbour marine pests. Oyster farmers typically pay on annual fee/bond to NSW DPI as security for lease areas. This bond system was introduced in 2001 to ensure that the industry shares the responsibility in the future for problems related to lease management, maintenance and rehabilitation. If a lease in abandoned, NSW DPI can use this bond money to remediate the area.
Working in partnership with NSW DPI, local oyster farmers have identified a number of leases that have been left derelict, and are working towards the remediation of these areas.
Threatened species: It is unlikely that any oyster farming activities will interact or harm a protected or threatened species. However, to further reduce the risk, OceanWatch will distribute threatened sp. identification guides & handling manuals to farmers to assist in the unlikely event of an interaction.
Risks to be reduced by the actions below: Initial Risk: Loss of stock through disease outbreaks and / or poor oyster resilience High Oyster stocks infected with mudworm Significant Marine pests harboured on derelict leases Significant Threatened species struck by oyster punt Significant
Actions (see review form on page 42 for how performance may be recorded) Emergency meeting held if spat is brought into the Nambucca River from an estuary with a high 26. risk of Qx infection, & farmers will arrive at a consensus 27. Continue working to improve estuary & catchment health to increase oyster resilience 28. Read industry newsletters & engage with researchers for updates on oyster disease 29. Report suspected disease or unusual mortalities to NSW DPI 30. Engage with researchers working on mudworm and its management 31. Continue to work with NSW DPI to identify & rehabilitate derelict leases 32. Information on marine pests distributed to oyster farmers 33. Threatened species identification guides & handling manuals distributed to growers
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Noise & visual pollution:
Background: In 2006, NSW Department of Primary Industries developed the NSW Oyster Industry Sustainable Aquaculture Strategy (OISAS) that includes criteria for acceptable lease materials & maintenance as well as their visual amenity: http://www.dpi.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0009/114939/NSW- Oyster-Industry-Sustainable-Aquaculture-Strategy.pdf. NSW DPI are currently reviewing and updating this document. Whilst it’s unclear which sections will be updated, all farmers should be provided with copies of the new strategy upon release. See www.dpi.nsw.gov.au for more information.
The criteria outlined in OISAS are complemented by the NSW DPI ‘Best Practice Guidelines for Oyster Raft Construction’: http://www.dpi.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0003/421275/INT11- 83575-Best-Practice-Guidelines-Oyster-Raft-Construction.pdf
The Nambucca River oyster farmers take pride in the appearance of their leases and, compared to other methods of oyster farming, the use of floating oyster rafts is a relatively neat and tidy form of cultivation. Where the aesthetics of oyster leases are questioned, these concerns are usually directed towards derelict leases on which rafts have not been maintained and have therefore deteriorated over time. Local farmers have been working with NSW DPI to identify derelict leases, and are working towards remediation of these areas.
Where the aesthetics of active leases are called into question, farmers should use these opportunities to educate the community on industry practices and infrastructure requirements. Communication and transparency are key components of this EMS, and farmers will endeavour to engage with the local community to demystify the industry. The first step is the distribution of this EMS.
Noise issues are particularly relevant to shed sites which use a variety of equipment & practices that emit noise. Oyster farmers take common sense steps towards minimising noise and avoid annoying others. Leases are normally only worked between 7am-6pm.
Risks to be reduced by the actions below: Initial Risk: Noise from oyster farming activities Low Visual pollution of leases that have not been maintained (incl. derelict leases) Moderate
Actions (see review form on page 42 for how performance may be recorded) Follow NSW DPI best practice guidelines for noise as outlined in the NSW Oyster Industry 34. Sustainable Aquaculture Strategy (OISAS) Maintain leases for visual amenity as outlined in Oyster Industry Sustainable Aquaculture 35. Strategy 36. Launch & distribute EMS to educate community & local authorities 37. Utilise opportunities to engage & educate community about farming practice 38. Continue to work with NSW DPI to identify & rehabilitate derelict leases
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ENVIRONMENTAL IMPROVEMENT PLAN To Address External Risks:
Effluent:
Background: Effluent contamination of waterways is the number one concern to the oyster industry. Pollution of this nature contaminates shellfish & closes harvest areas as a means to protect food safety. This can lead to loss of income for farmers, and there are cases where ongoing issues of contamination have effectively driven oyster farmers from the river (e.g. Bellinger / Kalang in northern NSW). Effluent contamination also lower oyster immunity making them more susceptible to disease. Not only does effluent impact on the oyster industry, but it can also damage wider estuarine ecosystems and have severe implications on public health.
Failing septic tanks within the Nambucca River catchment is a big concern to the local oyster industry. Considering that only 62% of the local LGA is connected to the reticulated sewerage system, this leaves 38% of properties managing waste through On-Site Sewerage Management Systems. This includes some exceptionally vulnerable sites on the banks of the waterway which handle large volumes of waste. These sites include caravan parks, motels and the showground.
As a means to improve estuary health, oyster farmers will report unexpected test results to council so that sources of contamination can be quickly identified and remedial works undertaken. Oyster farmers have a unique understanding of the estuary, and anecdotal evidence suggests the industry is often the first to detect sources of pollution.
Macksville Sewage Treatment Plant and associated pump-stations are another area of concern. The STP currently discharges treated effluent directly into the river at Newee Creek, just upstream from the Upper Nambucca Harvest Area. Oyster farmers would like to see the volume of discharge gradually reduced, with the eventual phase-out of direct discharge. A representative from industry sits on the Nambucca River Estuary Management Committee, and through their Estuary Management Plan, council have committed to investigate other options.
This direct discharge has financial implications on the oyster industry, who are required to maintain a rigorous Quality Assurance Program to ensure food safety and product quality (see page 17). To compensate the oyster farmers for the additional testing required as a result of the STP direct discharge, Nambucca Shire Council make an annual contribution to the farmers testing program.
Agricultural activities, particularly the grazing of cattle, also pose a risk. Where river-banks are unfenced, stock access to creeks can often result in faecal contamination of the waterway. It is worth noting that while the exclusion of stock from waterways is not legislated, the Fisheries Management Act 1994 & 2010 Regulations now prohibit the movement and grazing of cattle on marine vegetation (including mangroves).
There are many organisations that work with landholders to develop fencing projects, and oyster farmers are in a unique position to prioritise and guide this process. If key sites subject to effluent input can be identified and forwarded to stakeholders, this will provide organisations with key information necessary to develop land based projects. Fencing that excludes stock from waterways will improve water quality to the benefit of downstream industries.
Pump-out toilet facilities on the river are quite inconvenient to access, are often locked or may be underwater during floods. Such issues with access, and the inconsiderate actions of some waterway users and shorelines campers, may result in effluent being released directly into the river. To mitigate this risk, farmers and other stakeholders (e.g. OceanWatch / North Coast LLS) will work with operators to improve pump-out signage, encourage access to facilities and educate waterway users on the importance of good water quality. House-boat rental and camp-site operators will be engaged and options discussed to improve the awareness and practice of visitors.
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Risks to be reduced by the actions below: Initial Risk: Failing septic tanks (esp. high risk sites – caravan parks, motels, showground) High Macksville STP & pump-stations failure & inability to handle flows during peak High periods & wet weather flows Cattle effluent entering waterways from uncontrolled cattle access to foreshore High High levels of bacterial contamination originating from Newee Creek High Pump-out facilities may be locked or underwater during floods Significant Water-users and campers discharging effluent High
Actions (see review form on page 42 for how performance may be recorded) 39. Report unexpected water test results to council 40. Encourage council to increase capacity of pump-station holding tanks 41. Encourage STP to reduce & eventually phase out the direct discharge of effluent into the river 42. Identify key sites subject to effluent input & forward to key stakeholders 43. Promote successful projects & partnerships Continue working with council and engage with CMA to investigate contamination in Newee 44. Creek 45. Circulate this EMS to stakeholders upon completion 46. Encourage easier access to pump-out facilities 47. Work with stakeholders to improve pump-out signage & toilet awareness 48. Engage house-boat rental operators (options to improve practice of hirers) 49. Engage camp-ground operators (options to improve practice of visitors)
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Erosion & sedimentation:
Background: Erosion and downstream sedimentation is a natural process in many areas, however erosion of riverbanks may be exacerbated through riparian vegetation removal, stock access to creeks and boat wash destabilising banks. Forestry in the upper catchment, & earthworks without inadequate controls, also mobilises sediment. Estuary studies have indicated that most of the major reaches of the Nambucca River are suffering from riverbank instability, and that sediments deposited are highly mobile, particularly in the lower reaches of the river.
Suspended sediments affect water clarity & light penetration through the water column, which is an essential requirement for phytoplankton & seagrass growth. Significant erosion not only impacts on estuary health, but can also affect the feeding apparatus of oysters and lead to mudworm infestations. This can severely impact on oyster health and can result in significant mortalities.
Oyster farmers have a unique knowledge of the estuary. They are in a prime position to advise and work with authorities and other organisations to identify erosion hot-spots and sources of sediment. Due to the amount of time spent on the water, and their keen interest in water quality, farmers are often the first to notice disturbances in the catchment. If key sites subject to erosion can be identified and location details forwarded to stakeholders, this will provide interested parties with the information necessary to develop erosion control / bank stabilisation projects. Such initiatives may involve the construction of erosion control structures (such as rock filleting), stock exclusion fencing and the development of planting programs.
Where earthworks in the catchment are undertaken without appropriate controls, these activities will be reported to council immediately so that preventative / corrective measures may be taken. The oyster farmers maintain representation on the Estuary Management Committee, so that the interests and thoughts of the oyster industry are represented at that level.
Risks to be reduced by the actions below: Initial Risk: River bank erosion through boat wash & stock trampling Moderate Riparian vegetation loss through clearing & poor cattle fencing upriver Significant
Sediment mobilised by earthworks carried out in the catchment without consent Moderate or appropriate control measures
Actions (see review form on page 42 for how performance may be recorded) 50. Identify key erosion hot-spots for remediation 51. Engage with the CMA, landholders and other key stakeholders to facilitate on-ground works 52. Same as Action 50, but addresses a different risk 53. Same as Action 51, but addresses a different risk 54. Report all earthworks of concern to council
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Run-off & urban development:
Background: Many activities within the catchment have the potential to pollute the estuary, and most of these issues are addressed elsewhere in this document. The issue of urban development and the risks associated with increased run-off have yet to be examined. As urban centres within the Nambucca River catchment expand, the volume of runoff from these areas is likely to increase in relation to the coverage of hard-surfaces. As the rainwater runs through the streets it mobilises a variety of contaminants including fertilisers, pesticides, dog faeces, oil residue etc. Whilst the stormwater system may collect some of the physical littered items, many of the soluble contaminants will be discharged to the adjacent waterway. Educating the local residents is very important, raising the awareness of appropriate catchment practices. Communication is a key component of the EMS, and farmers will endeavour to engage with the local community to stress the importance of water quality to the local industry and overall estuarine health.
The health of oysters is largely influenced by water quality, with their capacity to tolerate disturbances and disease linked to the health of the estuary. Oysters growing in a healthy ecosystem are more resilient to disturbance than those growing in an unhealthy system. To maintain the health of oysters during stressful periods (such as during heavy rainfall events), farmers will work with stakeholders to improve the health of the catchment before such events occur.
Oyster leases in the Nambucca River are classified as Priority Oyster Aquaculture Areas. It is legislated that these areas must be shown on Local Environmental Plans and Council must have regard for these areas in preparing new LEPs. The Director-General of NSW DPI may object to the terms of the draft LEP on the grounds of deleterious effects on an oyster aquaculture area. Furthermore, in determining applications for development approval the consent authority must consider the potential impacts of the activity on oyster aquaculture areas.
Of particular local concern are the upgrades to the Pacific Highway and Macksville Bridge. Detailed design of the upgrade is due to start in early 2013, with construction commencing later in the year. The Nambucca River Oyster Farmers have already been engaged in the community consultation with regards to this project, and will continue to make submissions so that the interests of industry are heard.
Risks to be reduced by the actions below: Initial Risk: Variety of contaminants entering the estuary from urban run-off Significant Urban development & construction (esp. Pacific Highway & Macksville Bridge, High West St, Beer Creek, West Macksville Development)
Actions (see review form on page 42 for how performance may be recorded) Contact LLS, Wetland Care, OceanWatch and council to facilitate stormwater management 55. improvements 56. Educate community about land-water interactions and the needs of industry 57. Encourage council to consider impacts on the oyster industry in land-use planning decisions 58. Contribute to on-ground works & projects in the catchment Continue engaging in the consultation process in relation to highway development and make 59. submissions on behalf of industry
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Acid sulphate soils:
Background: Acid sulphate soils (ASS) are naturally occurring soils and sediments that contain iron sulphides. Under most conditions, where the soil remains waterlogged, ASS are harmless. When iron sulphides are exposed to air – by drainage, drought or excavation of the soil, they react with oxygen in the air or water, & can produce large quantities of sulphuric acid. This acid is stored in the soil, & is usually released after rain, or after flood waters have drained away. Acidification of waterways severely degrades estuarine ecosystems; it can cause fish kills & disease, & impacts on oysters by increasing mortality, reducing growth, dissolving shells, reducing feeding activity & damaging soft tissue.
As Gumma Gumma, Watt and Newee Creeks have extensive wetlands, these waterlogged areas are particularly prone to ASS. The oyster industry has noticed a number of bleaching events over the last few years, and it’s thought that these events could be attributed to discharges of acidic water from the creeks.
Since 2004, WetlandCare Australia (and partners) have been monitoring Gumma Gumma wetland with the view of producing a report discussing viable remediation / improvements within the sub- catchment. Considering the risk of acid discharge from this high risk area, the oyster farmers would like an ongoing commitment from stakeholders to embark on restoration and monitoring activities. In support of these actions, the Nambucca River Oyster Farmers have also been working with researchers from the University of New South Wales to monitor the pH of creek water discharged from the Gumma Gumma subcatchment.
Considering the risk that earthworks may pose in the mobilisation of acid, oyster farmers are particularly diligent to excavations in the catchment. Any earthworks of concern should be reported to council immediately.
Risks to be reduced by the actions below: Initial Risk:
Exposure of acid-sulphate soil through disturbance or drainage (esp. Gumma High Gumma & Watt Creeks)
Actions (see review form on page 42 for how performance may be recorded) 60. Seek a commitment from stakeholders to restore & monitor Gumma Gumma wetland 61. Upgrade and relocate monitoring equipment in Gumma Gumma Creek 62. Report all earthworks of concern to council
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Chemicals, fuel & oil:
Background: Oyster farmers maintain a regular water & meat quality monitoring regime to ensure that prompt action can be taken if pollution levels threaten the health of the estuary & oyster stocks. Anecdotal evidence suggests industry is often the first to detect local pollution events such as toxic algae, sewage, chemical & fuel spills. Such events not only threaten the oyster industry, but have severe implications on public & ecological health.
Macksville Bridge, where the Pacific Highway crosses the Nambucca River, is the area of most concern when it comes to chemicals, fuel & oil. There have been a number of incidents on / around the bridge, and in November 2011 a semi-trailer heading south lost control at the northern entrance to the bridge and plunged into the river. The truck had a full tank of petrol and there was a significant diesel spill. Hazmat units were called upon to contain the spill.
Growers are encouraged to work with appropriate authorities to develop Emergency Response Plans. Such plans will enable suitable preparation and planning, and a quick reaction in the event of an emergency. These actions will help to mitigate the negative impacts on the environment and the industry. Emergency response plans may include: fires; explosions; fuel & oil spills; release of hazardous chemicals; natural disasters; oyster mortality & disease; effluent spill / release.
Risks to be reduced by the actions below: Initial Risk: Fuel / oil spills Significant
Actions (see review form on page 42 for how performance may be recorded) 63. Develop Emergency Response Plans to manage emergency situations 64. Alert / work with authorities to aid containment after a spill
Mining activity:
Background: In 2012, a two-year mining exploration licence was approved to investigate the potential for antimony and gold mineralisation in the upper catchment of the Nambucca River. The site of exploration is part of the Taylor’s Arm sub-catchment and covers an area of 300 km2.
If exploration is successful and extraction proceeds, mining activity has the potential to severely impact on water quality, and may result in severe degradation of river health & estuarine ecosystems. Waterways will be at risk from contamination from arsenic & other toxic chemicals, whilst water extractions will reduce flows down the catchment & serve to concentrate contaminants. A reduction in water quality will stress oysters, reducing their ability to fight off disease & cope with other pressures.
Although the exploration licence has already been approved, oyster farmers will maintain vigilance to these mining activities, and will engage in all public consultation processes. Where appropriate, submissions will be made to represent the interests of the oyster industry. Key oyster industry organisations (e.g. NSW DPI, NSW Food Authority, NSW Farmers Association) will be kept informed in this matter so that support may be provided by these authorities / organisations if required
Risks to be reduced by the actions below: Initial Risk: Mining proposal in the upper catchment High
Actions (see review form on page 42 for how performance may be recorded) 65. Engage in the consultation process & make submissions on behalf of industry 66. Seek support from oyster industry reps: NSW DPI; NSW Food Authority; NSW Farmers Assoc.
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Natural disasters:
Background: In recent years flooding of the Nambucca River has been so severe that natural disasters have been ministerially declared. During these floods, there are multiple risks to the industry including the loss of infrastructure & stock from flood waters & debris that may damage equipment and detach floating rafts. The oysters themselves will bloat in freshwater, and there may be oyster mortalities due to abrupt low salinity, eutrophication, low dissolved oxygen and acid sulphate soil run-off. Such events also mobilise sediment, which can have a variety of impacts (see page 35 for more information).
Whilst it is difficult to manage against natural disasters, growers are encouraged to work with appropriate authorities to develop Emergency Response Plans. Such plans will enable suitable preparation and planning, and a quick reaction in the event of an emergency. These actions will help to mitigate the negative impacts on the environment and the industry. Emergency response plans may include: fires; explosions; fuel & oil spills; release of hazardous chemicals; natural disasters; oyster mortality & disease; effluent spill / release.
Future climate change will have a range of impacts on the oyster industry, and documentation has been prepared to help oyster farmers adapt: http://arnmbr.org/content/images/uploads/OYSTER_REPORT_EXEC_SUMMARY_FINAL_WEB.pdf
Risks to be reduced by the actions below: Initial Risk: Flooding (freshwater flows / materials displaced / run-off from land) Significant
Actions (see review form on page 42 for how performance may be recorded) 67. Develop an Emergency Response Plan to effectively manage emergency situations
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Public access to lease – oyster theft:
Background: The market demand and limited supply of oysters has led to an increase in the occurrence of theft in recent years. The unregulated sale of oysters can pose serious health threats to consumers as the product may have been stolen during times when water quality was poor.
By 2007, the scale of the problem prompted key Government agencies (NSW DPI, NSW Food Authority & NSW Police Force) to join forces & launch ‘Operation Trident’, to tackle oyster thefts and address the growing black market trade. Fines up to $275k and/or imprisonment apply. To combat theft, local farmers will report all incidences to Operation Trident on 1800 333 000.
Unlike other forms of oyster cultivation, floating rafts are highly visible and boat strikes resulting in raft damage are infrequent.
Risks to be reduced by the actions below: Initial Risk: Public accessing lease areas, resulting in loss of stock & infrastructure damage Significant
Actions (see review form on page 42 for how performance may be recorded) 68. Improve signage around lease areas 69. Educate community about land-water interactions & the needs of industry 70. Report all incidences of oyster theft (P: 1800 333 000) Establish Operation Trident signage at boat ramps to inform waterway users of the risks and 71. penalties associated with oyster theft (seek funding from Operational partners)
Ecological Effects:
Background: The health of oysters is largely influenced by water quality, with their capacity to tolerate disturbance and disease linked to the health of the estuary. In the northern estuaries of NSW, there have been notable outbreaks of Qx disease (caused by the parasite Marteilia sydneyi), in the Tweed, Richmond, Clarence and Kalang Rivers. Whilst the Nambucca has so far remained free from infection, the parasite responsible has been found in the estuary. What turns the parasite from benign to virulent is not known, but estuary health and the resilience of the oyster are likely to play a role.
Disease translocation is a big concern to the local oyster industry. Whilst the industry has internal controls to help prevent the spread of disease through the monitoring of stock movements, other measures to reduce the risk of disease translocation are rarely communicated to waterway users (including commercial and recreational fishermen, water-skiiers and boaters). Such measures may include; flushing outboard engines before moving to other estuaries; draining all water from vessels and equipment before washing and drying; ensuring fishing gear and other equipment are free from any oysters / sediment / biofouling.
Risks to be reduced by the actions below: Initial Risk: Loss of stock through disease outbreaks and / or poor oyster resilience High
Actions (see review form on page 42 for how performance may be recorded) 72. Work towards establishing signage at boat ramps to mitigate the risk of translocating disease
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Communication:
Background: This document not only describes the current activities & performance of the oyster industry, but also outlines its future aspirations. To ensure the long-term sustainability of oyster farming on the Nambucca River, the EMS specifies actions that will reduce or prevent any negative impacts on the environment. Whilst some improvements can be made by industry alone, other environmental aspects require communication and negotiation with external authorities & organisations. This relates that the fact that oysters rely on good water quality and this is largely determined by catchment practices.
The oyster farmers on the Nambucca River have a good working relationship with a number of authorities & organisations including Nambucca Shire Council. An industry rep. sits on the Nambucca River Estuary Management Committee and will continue to do so into the future. Whilst relationships with council are well established, communications with the North Coast Local Land Services (LLS) are rare. This State Government organisation coordinates natural resource management at the catchment scale, and should be working closely with oyster farmers to identify and facilitate responsible catchment practices. Through the EMS development process, North Coast LLS catchment officers have been introduced to local oyster farmers, and hopefully a working relationship will develop through implementation of identified EMS actions.
The Nambucca River oyster farmers take pride in the appearance of their leases and, compared to other methods of oyster farming, the use of floating oyster rafts is a relatively neat and tidy form of cultivation. Where the aesthetics of active leases are called into question, farmers should use these opportunities to educate the community on industry practices and infrastructure requirements.
Communication and transparency are key components of this EMS, and farmers will endeavour to engage with the local community to demystify the industry. The promotion of successful projects & partnerships will also hopefully inspire others to undertaken catchment improvement projects.
Risks to be reduced by the actions below: Initial Risk: Lack of interaction & engagement with key stakeholders (e.g. North Coast LLS) Low Lack of community understanding, knowledge and social willingness to make Moderate environmental improvements Community unhappy with look / presence of leases through lack of Low understanding & respect Data collected through the Newee Creek study is unpublished – despite Moderate publicly funded
Actions (see review form on page 42 for how performance may be recorded) 73. Invite key stakeholders to final EMS meeting 74. Launch & distribute EMS to educate community & local authorities 75. Educate community about land-water interactions and the needs of industry 76. Same as Action 74, but addresses a different risk 77. Promote successful projects & partnerships 78. Same as Action 74, but addresses a different risk 79. Same as Action 75, but addresses a different risk 80. Continue lobbying council to release data collected 81. Investigate options to bypass council to access data if request is denied
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6. REVIEW FORM
Review compiled by: ………………………………………………………………… Date of review: …………………………………………………………………………… Review period: ……………………………………………………………………………
Actions: Measured Improvement: Measure: No. of physical improvements to shed sites that help Improve erosion control at shed sites to minimise impact of manage erosion caused by machinery ……………………….. 1. machinery No. of changes in practice that have occurred to help manage erosion caused by machinery ……………………….. No. of changes in practice that have occurred to help 2. Wash gear in appropriate locations to minimise erosion manage erosion caused by washing down ……………………….. Develop means to capture sediment mobilised through washing No. of collection sumps / sediment collection 3. down activities mechanisms in place ……………………….. Ensure all local growers are aware of knot limits within the 4. Knot limits distributed Yes / No Nambucca River Ensure all farmers are aware of the NSW DPI ‘Best Practice 5. Best practice guidelines distributed Yes / No Guidelines – Raft Construction’ No. of blue drums sourced from non-licensed sources 6. Continue to only source drums from licensed recyclers (target = 0) ……………………….. 7. See Action 5 (addresses different risk)
Farmers provide feedback to NSW DPI regarding drum labelling, 8. Letter written and forwarded to NSW DPI Yes / No and request improved techniques and guidelines
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Actions: Measured Improvement: Measure: No. of instances of infrastructure, equipment , oysters Farmers make efforts to recover rafts and associated debris breaking away from lease areas (target = 0) ……………………….. 9. following detachment Were attempts made to recover these materials? Yes / No Were all materials recovered? Yes / No Develop an Emergency Response Plan to effectively manage 10. Emergency Response Plan developed Yes / No emergency situations
No. of fuel / oil spills from oyster punts ……………………….. No. of fuel / oil spills from oyster punts reported to 11. Alert / work with authorities to aid containment after a spill authorities ……………………….. No. of instances where farmers assisted authorities to contain spills originating from oyster punts ……………………….. Only small volumes of fuel & oil stored on site if no secondary No. of fuel / oil containers larger than 20l stored at 12. containment shed sites without secondary containment (target = 0) ………………………..
13. Consider secondary containment of oils and fuel (e.g. bunding) No. of secondary containment measures put in place ……………………….. Ensure chlorine & other chemicals are stored with the appropriate No. of chemical containers stored inappropriately or 14. safety data sheet without the correct safety data sheet ……………………….. Pets managed in consideration of industry legislation & Have pets been managed in accordance with industry 15. Yes / No regulations legislation & regulations? Were visitors / contractors informed of industry Yes / No Ensure visitors / contractors are aware of farm practices in relation legislation & regulations that apply to pets? 16. to pets Were these directions followed? Yes / No
17 Continue maintenance & inspection schedule No. of times toilet facilities have failed (target = 0) ……………………….. Local authority contacted with regards to service 18 Encourage council to extend town sewerage network Yes / No extension Take opportunities to connect to the main line & decommission No. of shed sites connected to the main town 19. ……………………….. septic tanks sewerage system
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Actions: Measured Improvement: Measure: Number of outboards replaced with EPA approved 20. Consider upgrading to EPA approved motors when replacing motors ……………………….. Australian Outboard Emission Standards circulated to farmers 21. Australian Outboard Emission Standards circulated Yes / No upon release Where no environmental harm may result, adopt principles of re- % Estimate of oyster infrastructure removed that has 22. use and recycle been re-used / recycled ………………………..% Amount of oyster infrastructure that has been disposed 23. Other material to be disposed of at licensed waste depots of at licensed waste depots ………………………..kg Communicate with farmers in other estuaries to discuss No. of communications made with farmers in other 24. alternative uses for shell estuaries regarding alternative uses / markets for shell ……………………….. 25. Install rainwater tanks to minimise use of potable water No. of rainwater tanks installed ……………………….. No. of instances of spat brought in from estuaries with Emergency meeting held if spat is brought into the Nambucca a high risk of Qx infection ……………………….. 26. River from an estuary with a high risk of Qx infection, & farmers No. of emergency meetings held ……………………….. will arrive at a consensus Was the consensus followed? Yes / No Continue working to improve estuary & catchment health to No. of catchment projects oyster farmers have 27. increase oyster resilience engaged in to improve estuary health ……………………….. Receives and reads ‘Aquaculture’ publication from Yes / No Read industry newsletters & engage with researchers for updates NSW DPI and other newsletters relevant to industry 28. on oyster disease No. of engagements made with researchers working ……………………….. on oyster related diseases No. of instances where suspected disease or unusual 29. Report suspected disease or unusual mortalities to NSW DPI ……………………….. mortalities (above 5%) were reported to NSW DPI Engage with researchers working on mudworm and its No. of engagements made with researchers working 30 ……………………….. management on mudworm and its management Derelict leases identified and NSW DPI informed Yes / No Continue to work with NSW DPI to identify & rehabilitate derelict 31. leases No. of derelict leases in the Nambucca River Estuary ……………………….. (target = 0) 32. Information on marine pests distributed to oyster farmers Marine pest information distributed Yes / No
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Actions: Measured Improvement: Measure: Threatened species identification guides and handling manuals Identification guides and handling manuals distributed 33. Yes / No distributed to growers to growers 2012 Oyster Industry Sustainable Aquaculture Strategy Follow NSW DPI best practice guidelines for noise as outlined in Yes / No 34. the NSW Oyster Industry Sustainable Aquaculture Strategy circulated to growers when released (OISAS) No. of noise complaints received (target = 0) ……………………….. 2012 Oyster Industry Sustainable Aquaculture Strategy Yes / No Maintain leases for visual amenity as outlined in Oyster Industry circulated to growers when released 35. Sustainable Aquaculture Strategy No .of reasonable complaints received regarding the visual aspects of oyster leases ……………………….. EMS launched Yes / No 36. Launch & distribute EMS to educate community & local authorities EMS distributed to key stakeholders & authorities Yes / No Utilise opportunities to engage & educate community about No. of publicity / promotional opportunities utilised to 37. farming practice discuss oyster farming practices ……………………….. 38. See Action 31 (addresses different risk) No. of times unexpected water tests (on basis of E.coli) 39. Report unexpected water test results to council reported to council ……………………….. No. of engagements with council about holding tanks 40. Encourage council to increase capacity of holding tanks and maintenance of pumping stations ……………………….. Were these engagements successful Yes / No Engagement made with council regards progress of feasibility study into alternative discharge points and Yes / No options and the stage of implementation Encourage STP to reduce & eventually phase out the direct 41. Request council to include volumes of discharge at the discharge of effluent into the river different treatment levels in their annual State of the Yes / No Environment reporting Volume of direct discharge into the Nambucca River …………………… ML Map developed indicating hotspots subject to effluent Yes / No Identify key sites subject to effluent input & forward to key input 42. stakeholders Map forwarded to key stakeholders (CMA, OWA, Yes / No Wetland Care Australia) No. of promotional opportunities utilised to publicise 43. Promote successful projects & partnerships successful projects ………………………..
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Actions: Measured Improvement: Measure: No. of engagements made with CMA, council and other organisations specifically regarding Newee Continue working with council, and engage with CMA to 44. Creek issue ……………………….. investigate contamination Improvements made in the catchment to help mitigate Yes / No bacterial contamination of Newee creek
45. See Action 36 (addresses different risk)
Engagement made with operator regarding ease of 46. Encourage easier access to pump-out facilities Yes / No access Contact made with pump-out operators & NSW Yes / No Work with stakeholders to improve pump-out & toilet signage Maritime regarding better signage 47. (esp. at slipways) No. of signs added / upgraded to encourage appropriate management of effluent ……………………….. Contact made with house-boat operators regarding Engage house-boat rental operators (options to improve the Yes / No 48. education of renters practice of hirers) Education materials / program developed & distributed Yes / No Contact made with camp-ground operators regarding Yes / No Engage camp-ground operators (options to improve the practice education of campers 49. of campers) Education materials / program developed & distributed Yes / No Map developed indicating hotspots subject to erosion Yes / No 50. Identify key erosion hot-spots for remediation Map forwarded to key stakeholders Yes / No Engage with the CMA, landholders and other key stakeholders to No. of engagements with regards to bank stabilisation 51. facilitate on-ground works projects (revegetation, stock exclusion etc.) ……………………….. 52. See Action 50 (addresses a different risk) 53. See Action 51 (addresses a different risk)
54. Report all earthworks of concern to council No. of earthworks of concern reported to council ………………………..
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Actions: Measured Improvement: Measure: Contact made with organisations to inform them of Contact CMA, Wetland Care Australia, OceanWatch and Council industry priorities and desire for stormwater 55. to facilitate stormwater management improvements improvements ……………………….. No. of stormwater initiatives undertaken ……………………….. No. of opportunities utilised to educate community Educate community about land-water interactions & the needs of regarding land-water interactions & needs of industry 56. ……………………….. industry Estimated no. of people educated ……………………….. Encourage council to consider impacts on the oyster industry in No. of submissions made representing industry 57. land-use planning decisions interests ……………………….. No. of different projects oyster farmers have been 58. Contribute to on-ground works & projects in the catchment engaged in beyond the scope of their everyday work ………………………..
Continue engaging in the consultation process in relation to No. of engagements through consultation process 59. highway development and make submissions on behalf of ……………………….. Formal submission made on behalf of local oyster industry Yes / No industry Seek a commitment from council & CMA to restore & monitor 60. Commitment made from authorities Yes / No Gumma Gumma wetland restoration
Upgrade and relocate monitoring equipment in Gumma Gumma Have improvements been made to the monitoring 61. Yes / No Creek equipment and their positioning within the creek? 62. See Action 54 (addresses a different risk) 63. See Action 10 (addresses a different risk) 64. See Action 11 (addresses a different risk) No. of engagements through consultation process Engage in the consultation process & make submissions on ……………………….. 65. Formal submission made on behalf of local oyster behalf of industry Yes / No industry
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Actions: Measured Improvement: Measure: Seek support from oyster industry reps: Support requested from these organisations Yes / No 66. NSW DPI; NSW Food Authority; NSW Farmers Association Feedback / support provided Yes / No 67. See Action 10 (addresses a different risk) No. of improvements made to signage around lease 68. Improve signage around lease areas areas (marker posts & educational signs) ……………………….. 69. See Action 56 (addresses a different risk)
No. of times oysters have been stolen ……………………….. 70. Report all incidence of oyster theft No. of times thefts have been reported to Operation Trident (1800 333 000) ……………………….. Funding and authorisations sought from operational Yes / No Establish Operation Trident signage at boat ramps to inform partners and NSW Maritime 71. waterway users of the risks and penalties associated with oyster theft (seek funding from Operational partners) No. of Operation Trident signs installed on the river ………………………..
Work towards establishing signage at boat ramps to mitigate the Funding and authorisation sought Yes / No 72. risk of translocating disease Signage developed and installed Yes / No
73. Invite key stakeholders to final EMS meeting No. of stakeholders invited to final EMS meeting ……………………….. 74. See Action 36 (addresses a different risk) 75. See Action 56 (addresses a different risk) 76. See Action 36 (addresses a different risk) 77. See Action 43 (addresses a different risk) 78. See Action 36 (addresses a different risk) 79. See Action 56 (addresses a different risk)
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Actions: Who: Measured Improvement: Measure: Continue lobbying council to release data Council contacted formally in writing to request access 80. Yes / No collected to data
Investigate options to bypass council to access Contact made with funding body, NSW Dept. of 81. Yes / No / NA data if request is denied Premier & Cabinet or NSW Ombudsman
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7. SUPPORT FOR OYSTER FARMERS
7.1. RURAL SUPPORT PROGRAM
The Rural Support Program works with rural communities to improve their attributes of resilience through greater knowledge, skills and practices and the development of plans to face future adverse climatic events. Rural communities and individuals are also assisted during dry periods and to recover following other emergencies, such as Natural Disasters.
The program interfaces with existing programs within NSW DPI, such as climate adaptation and emergency management and networks with other agencies to develop human skills that contribute to the attributes of resilience. Existing programs are strengthened by integrating initiatives focused on climate variability and natural disasters, within NSW Primary Industries and the other providers of support to rural communities.
The primary audience is individuals, farm businesses and the rural communities in which they reside. Particular attention is given to disaster risk identification and reduction through planning and management at the prevention, preparation and recovery phases of natural disaster management
Location Rural Office Mobile Email Support number Worker ORANGE Cheryl Pope 6391 3948 0428 435 593 [email protected] (Team Leader) GRAFTON Jan Bruce 6640 1600 0427 257 191 [email protected]
GUNNEDAH Jenny Croft 6741 8336 0429 446 417 [email protected]
DUBBO Pip Brown 6881 1266 0429 396 697 [email protected]
SCONE Caroline Long 6544 4900 0428 296 332 [email protected]
GOULBURN Dick Kearins 4828 6600 0427 781 514 [email protected]
HAY Danny Byrnes 6993 1608 0428 973 141 [email protected]
ALBURY Di Pritchard 6051 7703 0417 231 852 [email protected]
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7.2. USEFUL CONTACTS
OceanWatch Australia
OceanWatch Australia Ltd is a national not-for-profit national marine natural resource management organisation that works to advance sustainability in the Australian seafood industry. Works on water quality, fish habitat and industry best-practice. 02 9660 2262 Environmental advice and project support
NSW Department of Primary Industries (NSW DPI)
The key regulatory agency for the NSW Oyster Industry. The department administers leases and permits, collates production data, develops policy and also has an industry development role. The department is also the key NSW aquatic habitat protection and compliance agency and develops policies and guidelines for the industry that are consistent with habitat protection objectives (02) 4982 1232 Port Stephens Fisheries Centre 1300 550 474 Reporting illegal fishing activity 1800 043 536 Reporting illegal fishing activity (Fishermen’s Watch – 24hr service)
Nambucca Shire Council
Local government has a diverse role covering town planning, building approvals, local roads, parking, public libraries, public toilets, water and sewerage, approval and inspection of septic systems, waste removal domestic animals and community facilities. Of particular importance to the NSW oyster industry is council’s park in managing estuarine water quality and resolving land and water use conflicts through estuary management planning, land use planning and development control. Council may also provide waste management services to the industry. Council’s also assist the oyster industry with water quality monitoring and have a role in investigating water pollution incidents. (02) 6568 2555 Main line 0417 287 397 Emergency after hours (Sewerage) 0417 285 269 Emergency after hours (Water) 0417 488 565 Emergency after hours (Roads & Bridges) 13 25 00 SES (State Emergency Service)
NSW Maritime
NSW State Government’s maritime regulator responsible for providing safe and sustainable ports and waterways. The authority helps to establish aquaculture lease marking requirements and helps to determine if a lease area will adversely affect navigation. NSW Maritime also have the responsibility for pollution from vessels. 13 12 56 General info line & environmental emergencies (oil spills) 13 12 36 Phone payments (02) 9563 8511 Head office (Rozelle) 1800 658 784 Water Police (24hr line to report marine crime)
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NSW Food Authority
The NSW Food Authority provides regulatory framework for safe and correctly labelled food to be produced in NSW. Of particular importance to the oyster industry, the NSW FA has responsibility for implementing the NSW Shellfish Program that classifies and establishes management plans for oyster harvest areas. The NSW FA also licences oyster depuration, processing and handling facilities. 1300 552 406 Main line (02) 6552 3000 Licensing enquiries and invoicing
North Coast Local Land Services
Local Land Services (LLS) coordinate natural resource management at the catchment scale. The LLS is responsible for involving regional communities in catchment planning and identification of natural resource management priorities for their region, and are the primary means for the delivery of funding from the NSW and Commonwealth Governments to help land managers improve and restore the natural resources of the state. Key roles include preparing Catchment Action Plans, and managing investment programs to implement the plans, and promoting community participation in regional natural resource management action and decision making. Implementation of the Catchment Action Plans in the coastal LLS regions will lead to favourable outcomes for the oyster industry. (02) 6642 0622 Head office (Grafton) (02) 6653 0150 Local office (Coffs Harbour)
NSW Office of Environment and Heritage (OEH)
A division of the NSW Department of Premier and Cabinet, the OEH has taken on most of the functions of the Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water (DECCW). OEH regulates industry, protects and conserves the NSW environment, manages national parks and reserves and protects the natural, cultural and built heritage in NSW.
The OEH includes a specialist estuary and coastal management team that oversees the preparation of estuary management plans and studies. OEH works with the oyster industry to provide estuary process information to help resolve issues such as dredging. 131 555 Environment emergency line (Environmental Protection Authority) 1300 361 967 National Parks (02) 6566 6621 Local OEH Office (Macleay) (02) 6652 0900 Local OEH Office (Coffs Harbour)
Marine Parks Authority
Marine Parks are large marine and estuarine protected areas that are designed to conserve all forms of marine plans and animal species (biodiversity). The NSW Marine Parks Authority is responsible for the declaration, management, selection and zoning of marine parks and the regulation of ecologically sustainable use of these areas. 1300 550 474 General enquiries (02) 6691 0600 Local office - Solitary Islands Marine Park (southern boundary at Coffs)
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Crown Lands (NSW DPI – Catchment & Lands)
Formerly part of the Department of Lands (DoL), and Land and Property Management Authority (LPMA), Crown Lands now sits under the Department of Primary Industries. Catchments & Land, leases land to the oyster industry for land-based activities and also gives owners consent to lodgement of development applications for new aquaculture lease area where development consent is required.
Future management of land based sites located on Crown Land will be driven by the need for both the grower and the agency to maintain an environmentally sensitive and professional well managed land base. This will be achieved through the process of a long term lease agreement and an associated work plan that is developed in partnership with the grower to achieve sound environmental and social outcomes. 1300 052 637 Main line
NSW Department of Planning and Infrastructure
The Department of Planning and Infrastructure supports sustainable growth in NSW. It assesses major economic develops and infrastructure projects. It manages the protection of the NSW coastline from inappropriate development through the NSW Government’s Coastal Policy, State Environmental Planning Policy No. 71 (SEPP 71) – Coastal Protection, the Comprehesive Coastal Assessment and the Coastal Lands Protection Scheme. Coastal wetlands, littoral rainforests and areas with acid-sulphate soils also need special attention if development is being considered. (02) 9228 6111 Head office (02) 9228 6333 Information centre (02) 6641 6600 Local office (Grafton)
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CONTACT
This EMS is an ongoing process of environmental improvement, and the Nambucca River oyster farmers welcome any comments or suggestions that you might have. Please forward correspondence to:
Nambucca River Shellfish Quality Assurance Program P.O. Box 501 Macksville, NSW, 2447
This project is supported by Nambucca River oyster farmers, OceanWatch Australia and North Coast Local Land Services. OceanWatch Australia is the national marine NRM organisation recognised and supported by the Australian Government.
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