Proceedings ofthe International Symposium on Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM-2014)

19-21 February, 2014 CWRDM, ,

VOLUME-I

Editors N B Narasimha Prasad PSHarikumar EJJoseph Girish Gopinath T R Resmi U Surendran GKAmbili

Organized by

Centre for Water Resources Development and Management (CWRDM) Kozhikode-673 571, , India www.cwrdm.org

mm Allied Publishers Pvt. Ltd.

New Delhi • Mumbai • Kolkata • Lucknow • Chennai Nagpur • Bangalore • Hyderabad • Ahmedabad Contents

Minister Message from Chief v Water Resources Minister Message from Vi Foreword vii

Section-I: Hydrology

1. Transverse Water Surface Profile of a Meandering Channel 3 Arpan Pradhan, Saine S Dash and Kishanjit K Khatua 2. Rainfall Runoff Modelling Using ANN and ANFIS 9 Sanoop Kottuvayal Thazjha Kuni and Mohandas C

3. Modelling of an Artificial Recharge System in a Semi-Arid 17 Region Using MODFLOW Pankaj Dhote andMathew KJose 4. Spatio-Temporal Variation of Stable Isotopes in Precipitation and 26 Ground Level Vapour in Kerala Shahul Hameed A, Resmi TR, Deshpande R D, Praveen Babu M and Sudheesh M 5. Long Term Spatial and Temporal Rainfall Trend in of Kerala 37 Dinesan V P and Manasa P S 6. Electrical Resistivity Sounding and Hydrochemical Investigation for Delineating.... 48 Saline Water Intrusion in Shallow Aquifers of Ernakulam-Alappuzha Coast Priju C P, Karthick P, Kumar A, Abdul Hameed E, Madhavan K and Narasimha Prasad NB

7. Discrete Wavelet Decomposition for Precipitation Forecasting 58 Krishna B and Venkata Ramana R 8. Morphometric Analysis of Kallada and Pallikkal Riverbasins of Kerala 68 Priya Philip, Nimiya Baby, Ashwathi V K and Drissia T K 9. Trend Analysis in Rainfall under Different Climatic 75 Conditions of India and Brazil Jhajharia D, Cantalice JRB, Singh V P, Kumar R and Choudhary R R 10. Annual and Seasonal Trends of Rainfall in the Humid Tropics of Kerala 82 Drissia TK, ShabeerA, Geetha C and Dinil Sony C

11 • River Flow Modelling Using Radial Basis Function Artificial Neural Network 88 Jitendra Sinha, Sahu R K, Avinash Agarwal and Sinha B L 12. Comparison of Openfoam Simulated Dam Break and Impact 97 Flow Results with the Experimental Data Parvathi S and Pruthviraj U X Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM-2014)

13. Morpohometric Analysis of Noyyal Sub-Watershed 105 Brema J and Daina Souza Lima 14. Analysis ofFlow and Baseflow Trends in the 112 Malaprabha Catchment, India—A Case Study Venkatesh B, Purandara B K, Jose M K and Chandramohan T 15. Hydrological Perspective in IWRM Plan for Yerrakalva 118 River Basin, Coastal Andhra Pradesh, India Satyaji Rao YR and Vijaya Kumar S V 16. Analysis of Regional Temporal Pattern of South-West Monsoon 125 Rainfall over Mumbai as a Flood-Inducer Sherly M A, Subhankar Karmakar, Terence Chan and Christian Rau 17. Hydro-Morphological Study of Selected Riverbasins in South Kerala 132 Neenu K, Anoop R, Sukanya J Nair and Drissia T K 18. Water Balance Computation Using Swat for a Data Scarce 141 Region in a Monsoon-Driven Environment Celine George and James E J 19. The Yettinahole River Diversion in Karnataka—Some Thoughts on 150 'Surplus Flow' in Rivers Mysooru R Yadupathi Putty 20. Estimation of Instream Flow Requirements of Son Basin in Ganga 159 River Using a Surface Water Ground Water Coupled Model Naveen J, Pooja P and Narasimhan B 21. Integrated River Basin Master Plan for 167 Anitha A B, Shahul HameedA and Narasimha Prasad N B 22. Estimating Capacity Loss of Somasila Reservoir, India Using 177 Per-Pixel and Sub-Pixel Classification Technique Jeyakanthan VS 23. Assessment of Current Stormwater Infrastructure System in Lieu of 188 Flooded Points of Interest within Union Territory, Chandigarh Kalra A M and Uma Malik

24. Comparison of Baseflow Separation Methods in a Highland 195 Catchment in Karnataka Jayasree Vaidyanathan 25. Evaluation of Groundwater Development Prospects in a Midland 202 Region of Central Kerala Geethu Krishna V, Preethi V, Arun P R and Narasimha Prasad N B 26. Groundwater Development Prospects in a Highland 208 Administrative Unit, Thrissur District, Kerala Aneesh V, Gandhi J, Arun P R and Narasimha Prasad N B 27. Hydrogeomorphological Study of River Basin in Kerala 215 Bindu K B, Jaypal G and Anitha A B 28. Regional Rainfall Analysis to Develop the Intensity Duration Frequency 224 Relationship for Selected Gauge Station Ramana A R V, Krishna B, Rao YRS and Jeyakanthan VS Contents xi

29. Assessment of Groundwater Draft and Recharge Using Census Datasets 236 Nagarathna H R and Yusuf Javeed 30. Modelling Pan Evaporation by Fuzzy Regression 251 Arun Raj V E and Jairaj P G 31. Impact on Groundwater Table due to Construction of a Vented 258 Weir Across a Seasonal Stream in Northern Kerala—A Case Study Abdul Hameed E, Arun P R and Narasimha Prasad N B 32. Hydrologic Modeling and Forecasting Using HEC-HMS and HEC-GeoHMS 264 with DWR Precipitation Grids Josephine Vanaja S, Mudgal B Vand Hemamalini J 33. SWAT Model as a Tool for Chalakkudy River Management 271 Sherjah P Yusuf Ali and Sajikumar N

Section-II: Water Quality 34. Estimation of Nitrate Leaching in Groundwater—A Case Study 281 Vinod P N and Chandramouli P N

35. Modelling of Spatial Uncertainty in Water Quality Networks 288 Jairaj P G and Athira Sidharthan 36. Biosand Filtration: A Sustainable Option for Household Treatment 296 of Drinking Water Abhillash TNair and Mansoor Ahammed M

37. Quality and Treatment of Roof-Harvested Rainwater 304 MansoorAhammed M, Abhillash Nair Tand Meera V 38. Fertilizer Applications in Farm Lands and Nitrate Contamination 311 of Groundwater—A Case Study in Mysore District Manjunath K C and Meenakshi H R 39. Application of Response Surface Methodology for Wastewater Remediation 321 Bhuvaneshwari S and Sivasubramanian V 40. Electrically Enhanced Phytoremediation of Heavy Metals 334 Megha T and Harikumar P S 41. Application of Remote Sensing and GIS in Water Quality Assessment— 345 Review Paper Alina Nero and Amba Shetty 42. An Integrated Approach for Assessing Aquifer Water Quality— 351 A Case Study in Eastern India Madhumita Das, Das B P, Swain and NayakA K 43. A Study of Arsenic Contamination in Ground Water 358 of Budhia Nala Region, Faridabad Beena Sethi 44. Evaluation of Groundwater Chemistry of Shallow Aquifers of 363 Malabar Region, Kerala with Respect to Physiography Suraj S, Resmi TR and Shahul Hameed A xii Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM-2014)

45. Investigations of Shallow Ground Water in Shallow Coastal Aquifer 373 in Beach Zone for Assessing Scope for Multiple Uses and for Designing Appropriate Abstraction Structure Shajan Jacob 46. Natural Clay Material: A Versatile Adsorbent for the Removal 381 of Fluoride from Groundwater Sirajudeen J, Ravikumar A and Mazhar Nazeeb Khan S M 47. Investigation of a Cholera Outbreak in Tribal Colonies of Wayanadu 387 Kerala, India—A Case Study Thomas Bina, Jayakrishan T, Sreedevi C, Jeslin Jacob and Sameera 48. Water Quality Improvement Using Different Filter Material 395 (Critical Analysis of River Bank Filtration in Odisha) Chitaranjan Dalai and Ramakar Jha 49. An Integrated Study of the Present Scenario of Vanchikulam 405 Wetland of Kerala with Special Refererence to its Ecological Importance Sharika P S 50. Microbiological Quality of Groundwater and Surface Water 415 in a Part of Arani River Basin, , India Parimala Renganayaki S, Julia Prock, Liang Yu, Thomas Wintgens and Elango Lakshmanan 51. Heavy Metal Distribution in the Muthupet Estuary in the Coromandal Coast 425 Priya KL, Jegathambal P, James E J and Gnanaprakash 52. Continuos-Mode Photocatalysis Reactor Operation for Livestock 431 Wastewater Treatment Vishnuganth MA, Selvaraju NandMathava Kumar 53. River, Southern Kerala: Limnological Studies of 438 a Lotic Ecosystem Santhosh S K, Sureshbabu N P and Vasudevan Nair T 54. Nutrient Film Technique (NFT) with Eichhornia Crassipes (mart.) Solms: 446 An Effective Way to Treat Greywater Aryalakshmi KJ, Arun Babu V, Ignatius Antony andRamasamy E V 55. Modeling of Solute Transport Process in an Agriculture Field—A Case Study 453 Purandara B K, Chandramohan T, Jose M K and Venkatesh B 56. Drinking Water Quality Assurance through Water Card 460 Madhavan Komath, Litty Joseph and Harikumar P S 57. Groundwater Pollution Risk Assessment of the Zanzibar Island in Tanzania 469 Brijesh K Yadav, Haji Shaaban and Dinesh C Singhal 58. Evaluation of Groundwater Quality along the Thamirabarani Deltaic 477 Region, Tuticorin District, Tamil Nadu Pragath M, Girish Gopinath and Shahul Hameed A

59. Suitability of Groundwater for Domestic Use—A Case Study on 483 Alathur Block, Perambalur District, Tamil Nadu Jafar AhamedA, Loganathan K, Vijaya Kumar P andAnanthakrishnan S Contents xiii

Section-III: Water and Environment

60. Efficacy of Arthrobacter sp and Bacillus sp Isolated from Wetland Rhizosphere 493 on Lycopersicon Esculentum and Solanum Melongena Jalaja T K, Remyasree P R, Kavya Vijayaraj, Sreevallabhan S and Digilarani M 61. Impact of Manual Dredging of Minor Port of in Kerala 500 Abdulla P K, Dinil Sony C, Chandran Kolappadan and Anilkumar M T 62. Multivariate Correlations of Heavy Metal Binding Phases in 509 Varied Aquatic Environments Resmi TR and Jacob Chacko 63. Sediment Dynamics in New Mangalore Port—An Overview 520 Parvathy K G, Deepthi I Gopinath and Dwarakish G S 64. Evaluation of the Functioning of Flood Relief Camps in Kottayam District 526 Mary Jency, Padma P and Ramasamy E V 65. Assessment ofWater Footprint—A Case Study for Kerala Government 534 Secretariat, , India Bindhya Mol K, Dinesan VP and Harikumar P S 66. Comparison ofWastewater Quality Parameters in Algae, Water 543 Hyacinth and Duckweed Based Treatment Systems Bartik Pandel, Anupam Singhal and Anuradha Devi 67. Protozoa Enriched Anaerobic Reactors for Organic Wastewater Treatment 549 Priya M, Ajith Haridas and Manilal VB 68. Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Kodai Lake Sediments 557 Ashitha M K, Rajeesh U, Pragath M, Girish Gopinath, Surendran U and Unnikrishnan Warner C 69. Modelling the Performance of Household Rainwater Harvesting Systems 563 Athulya P and Jairaj P G 70. Management of Mangrove Ecosystems in Urban Areas through CRZ 571 Vimal K C, Rameshan M, Neelima T, Thomas K V and Mohanan C N 71. Soil and Groundwater Quality Assessment of Selected Islands 582 of Kavvayi Wetland System, India Shiji M, Soumya P, Bindhya Mol K and Harikumar P S 72. Settling Velocity of Suspended Sediments in Estuaries 591 Priya K L, Jegathambal P and James E J 73. Dynamics of Suspended Sediments in a Shallow Estuary, Muthupet, 598 Tamil Nadu Priya K L, Jegathambal P, James E J, Justin Mathew and Sam Philip 74. Maintaining Environmental Flow in the Teesta: How Much does it Cost? 605 Reaz Akter Mullick M D and Sudip K Pal 75. Chemical Evolution and Origin of Salinity in the Groundwater of 616 Purna River Basin, Central India Raja P, Malpe D B, Deepali Marghade andBhaskarB P xiv Integrated Water Resources Management (1WRM-2014)

76. Study on Applicability of Modelling Sediment Flow in a 624 Run-of-River Hydroelectric Project Naveen J, Satish G and Vinod C 77. Prospects of Utilizing Water Cabbage (Limnocharisflava (L.) Buchenau) 631 for Bioremediation Nishan M A and Sansamma George 78. Effective Removal of Hazardous Metal Ions from Waste Water 634 Using Novel Titanium(III) Tin Selenate Cation Exchanger Dhanitha MA, Nimisha K Vand Janardanan C 79. Impact of Sand Mining to the Islands in Purathoor Estuary 642 in Bharathapuzha Basin Reshma Antony, Dinil Sony C, Abdulla P Kand Reeba Thomas 80. Nutrient Dynamics in the Destination Sites of Migratory Water Birds: 650 A Preliminary Analysis at the Selected Locations of Tropical Seashores and Lakes Cyril Augustine, James Baben George, Neethu Cyril and Mary M C 81. Fast, Selective and Eco-Friendly Inorganic Ion-Exchange 659 Material for Hazardous Waste Remediation Siji S, Aparna Mohan and Janardanan C 82. Environmental Flow Management Strategies through Flow 668 Augmentation—Concepts on Alternatives Chachadi A G and Rhythm Warik 83. Urbanization and Water Management in Bengaluru City, Karnataka— 676 Issues, Challenges and Possible Solutions Jayasree Vaidyanathan 84. Unscientific Treatment ofMunicipal Solid Waste and Threats to 685 Water Resources in Kerala, India George Chackacherry

85. Impact of Riversand Mining on Riverine and Aquifer Systems 689 Mathew K Jose, Venkatesh, Chandramohan T and Purandara B K

86. Assessment of Heavy Metal Contamination of Soil near a Solid Waste 697 Dumping Site Using Statistical Analysis and Contamination Factor Jaseela C, Priyanka M and Harikumar P S 87. Effect of Supported-Catalysts in the Treatment of Poultry Wastewater 708 in a Photoreactor Asha C Raju and Mathava Kumar

88. Ionic Composition of a High Altitude Lake—The Schirmacher Oasis, 717 East Antarctica Girish Gopinath, Resmi TR, Praveenbabu M, Shahul HameedA, Sunil P S and Rahul Rawat Contents xv

89. Performance Evaluation of Microwave Assisted Systems for 723 Degradation of Carbofuran Neelancherry Remya, Jih-Gaw Lin and Mathava Kumar 90. Elucidation of Physico-Chemical Parameters and Nutrient Load of 731 Sediments in Pookot Lake, Wayanad Rajeesh U, Pragath M, Girish Gopinath, Surendran U and Unnikrishnan Warrier C 91. Investigation of Sediment Transport Characteristics of the Rivers Originating 738 from , Kerala, India, Using Sediment Rating Curves Chandramohan T, Purandara B K, Jose M K and Venkatesh B

92. Chemistry of a Polar Lake—The Larsemann Hills in Antarctica 745 Girish Gopinath, Resmi TR, Praveenbabu M, Shahul HameedA, Sunil P S and Rahul Rawat 93. Validation Study of Paper-Based Biosensor for Detecting 752 Pesticides in Real World Samples Kanchana Mysore Somasekar, Carlos Filipe and Robert Pelton 94. A Study on the Water Management and Hygienic Measures Practiced 762 in Food Establishments in Kozhikode District Jayakrishnan T, Thomas Bina andAswathy Raj S V 95. Modelling Environmental Flows Augmentation for Ecosystem 769 Conservation and Sustainable Water Sharing Sudheer Padikkal, Sumam K S, Sajikumar N and Sankhua R N 96. Environmental Impact of Revival of T.S Canal—Case Study of 778 -Akkulam Stretch Kalaiarasan P, Sreedevi B G and Sabitha N M 97. Eco-Hydrological Study of Tank Systems from IWRM Perspective 788 Hemamalini J, Mudgal B V and Sophia J D

98. Grain Size Distribution of Fluvial Sediments in an Impounded River Catchment 795 Sreeja R and Arun P R

99. Population Growth, Change in Land Use and its Impact on Environment— 804 A Case Study of Kozhikode District Shindu P S and Govindaru V

Author Index AI-1

Section-IV: Agricultural Water Management 809-1028

Section-V: Water, Society and Governance 1029-1184

Section-VI: Advanced Technologies in rWRM 1185-1370