Riehen, Im Januar 05

GALERIE HENZE & KETTERER & TRIEBOLD RIEHEN/BASEL Dr. Alexandra Henze Triebold – Marc Triebold Wettsteinstrasse 4 - CH 4125 Riehen/Basel Tel. +41/61/641 77 77 - Fax: +41/61/641 77 78 www.henze-ketterer.ch - [email protected]

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner: Student works - Little Castle for an art lover, perspective view. Pen-and-ink drawing over pencil, gouache, heightened with white, on grey-blue cardboard, about 1904/05. 26,5 x 38,5 cm. © Courtesy Gallery Henze & Ketterer, Riehen/Wichtrach.

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner

His education as an architect including diploma The collected architectural drawings

November, 9th 2018 – February, 16th 2019

From December, 23rd 2018 to January, 7th 2019 our gallery will be closed because of our Christmas holidays.

ERNST LUDWIG KIRCHNER His Training for a Degree in Architecture The Collected Architectural Drawings

November, 9th 2018 until February, 16th 2019

On April 15, 1901, Ernst Ludwig Kirchner began his architectural studies at the Royal Saxon Technical University in Dresden. While Kirchner went down in art history as a draughtsman, painter, graphic artist and sculptor of German Expressionism, there are not many people who know that he was also a trained and qualified architect with the academic status of a graduate engineer. The architectural drawings from his training up to and including his graduation have survived and testify to his dexterity with designs for various private and public buildings, with floor plans and elevations, perspective views and suggestions for interior design. It was with the submission of his degree piece, a design for a cemetery complex, that Kirchner ended his career as an architect before it had even begun. His parents had hoped he would become an engineer instead of dedicating himself to a life of poverty as a painter.

At that time, training as an architect in Dresden was possible both at the Academy of Fine Arts and at the Technical University. Education and training at the Academy of Fine Arts focused on the freelance, artistic aspects of architecture, while the Technical University accommodated the architect as an engineer working to strict standards. For Kirchner, his friend Bleyl and their fellow students, this meant adhering to a tightly structured, regimented curriculum every semester, with extremely detailed basic courses followed by exercises and seminars based on them. The course of study comprised eight semesters with an intermediate degree examination after four semesters. The basic course dealt with general scientific and technical aspects, including higher mathematics, physics, descriptive geometry and chemistry, while the main course, after the intermediate degree examination, focused on design and on art and architectural history.

The study of architecture was naturally based on drawing, although this was primarily technical drawing, which dominated the many compulsory courses on descriptive geometry and architectural drawing during the first semesters. Indeed it was regarded by the students as “scientific and alien to life”. Freehand and ornamental drawing, on the other hand, afforded more creative freedom, with Kirchner and Bleyl always achieving the best marks. Ernst Ludwig Kirchner and Fritz Bleyl already became good friends during the first semester of the course on descriptive geometry. They quickly recognized their mutual affinity and accompanied their studies with joint excursions into the art of drawing and painting through visits to museums as well as trips into the city and its surroundings. They were particularly inspired by African and Polynesian art, which could be seen in Dresden at the Ethnological Museum.

The designs drawn by Kirchner may be understood in the sense of a Gesamtkunstwerk, inasmuch as they also included interior decoration, especially ornaments, lamps and furniture. His drawings for “Herrenzimmer Dr. Münchmeyer” include views of an interior with continuous ornamental panelling, and also designs for chairs, stools, upholstered armchairs, desk chairs, tables, sofas and ceiling chandeliers. Kirchner was also interested in architectural details and structural ornaments, as we can see from the design for a hillside house in his “Architecture Details”, and also from the view of the hallway, in which the entire interior is meticulously planned, from wall and ceiling panelling to decorated and upholstered furniture, from tablecloths to carpets. When designing a smokers’ lounge, Kirchner also specified the stucco and plush wall panelling, which he designed in rich detail and colour.

In principle, it was these early architectural drawings that inspired Kirchner to design the interiors of his studios in the same spirit of the Gesamtkunstwerk, first in Dresden, then in Berlin and finally in Davos. These interiors were artistically designed through and through: wall coverings, cushions, upholstery, tablecloths, sofa covers, stools, chairs, doors, fence posts, even ashtrays and beds. Not to mention his own works, which hung on the walls or stood in the room and were used over and over again as accessories in his drawings, graphics and paintings.

Kirchner spent the winter semester of 1903/04 at the Royal Technical University in Munich, where at the same time he attended the Schwabinger Lehratelier für freie und angewandte Kunst, a private school for applied and unapplied art that had turned its back on the traditional borderlines between architecture, arts and crafts, painting and sculpture. Regrettably, hardly anything of the artist’s work has survived from this time in Munich, but after his return to Dresden and the resumption of his studies at the Technical University, he created wonderful designs for a hotel, for a museum and for a small castle for an art lover, all with colourful views, ground plans, elevations and cross-sections.

The degree thesis was written during the semester break after the main course of study, i.e. after the eighth semester and prior to the examinations in the ninth semester. The head of the Department of Architecture set the tasks for the degree thesis and determined its scope. These tasks consisted in drafting an explanatory report, floor plans, elevations and sections. The complete explanatory report belonging to Kirchner's degree thesis – the task was to design a cemetery complex - has survived and is now in the care of the Kirchner Museum Davos. Also well preserved are the design of the main entrance to the street, the ground plan of the mortuary halls and graveyard, the views of the mortuary hall as well as their cross-sections with a view of the mortuaries, the coloured ground plan, the street view with a ground plan of the director’s and gardeners’ apartments, the views of the three terraces with columbaria, urn alcoves, rock tombs, fountains and ramps as well as a cross-section through the entire complex. On May 1, 1905, Fritz Bleyl and Ernst Ludwig Kirchner submitted their degree theses to the Royal Saxon Technical University in Dresden and, after successful examinations, received their degrees as graduate engineers on July 1. The founding of the artist group “Brücke” together with their fellow students Erich Heckel and Karl Schmidt-Rottluff had taken place shortly before on June 7 and finally sealed their decision to turn their backs on the academic education they had hitherto received. The following year, Kirchner carved the group’s manifesto in wood: “With faith in progress and in a new generation of creators and spectators we call together all youth. As youth, we carry the future and want to create for ourselves freedom of life and of movement against the long- established older forces. Everyone that reproduces that which drives him to creation with directness and authenticity belongs to us.”

With this stroke of liberation, the four former students of architecture had broken free from all restrictive norms in order to depict freely what they felt when looking at a motif. As it soon became apparent, they had also begun to undermine the cornerstones of their education and training, no longer depicting according to the rules of perspective but rather directly according to meaning and importance. Tables, interiors and buildings were distorted in keeping with the artists’ inner needs, such that objects were not perceived as being one behind the other, but rather one above the other, and spaces folded open in the picture plane. This led to a very unique Expressionist imagery, which could not be understood by everyone at first sight , a fact that is certainly answerable for the low esteem in Mediterranean countries, where German Expressionism is still not as art-historically recognized and publicly appreciated as it deserves. It was in the German and English speaking countries that the artists of the "Brücke" achieved their breakthrough with numerous exhibitions and soon rose to artistic and financial success – success that even ostracism during the Third Reich could hardly harm. Alexandra Henze Triebold

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Geometric drawings. Studies on geometric bodies Geometric drawings. Studies on geometric bodies

Pen-and-ink drawing over pencil on wove paper, 1901. Pen-and-ink drawing over pencil and in black and red Representing geometry I + II by Dr. K. Rohn, SS 1901 - on wove paper, 1901. WS 1901/02. Signed and dated "W.S. 1901", inscribed Representing geometry I + II by Dr. K. Rohn, SS 1901 with the stamp "Kgl. Polytechnikum Dresden" and in the - WS 1901/02. Signed and dated "W.S. 1901", stamp "Dr. K. Rohn". inscribed with the stamp "Kgl. Polytechnikum Dresden" 43,7 x 57,9 cm. With estate stamp on the verso. and in the stamp "Dr. K. Rohn". Item Id: 78864 43,7 x 57,9 cm. With the estate stamp on the verso. Item Id: 78862

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Geometric drawings. Studies on geometric bodies Geometric drawings. Studies on geometric bodies

Pen-and-ink drawing over pencil on wove paper, 1901. Pen-and-ink drawing over pencil on wove paper, 1901. Representing geometry I + II by Dr. K. Rohn, SS 1901 - Illustrative geometry I + II by Dr. K. Rohn, SS 1901 - WS 1901/02. Signed and dated "1901 S.S." on the lower WS 1901/02. Signed and dated "S.S. 1901" on the right, inscribed with the stamp "Kgl. Polytechnikum lower right, inscribed with the stamp "Kgl. Dresden" and in the stamp Polytechnikum Dresden" and in the stamp "Dr. K. "Dr. K. Rohn". 43,5 x 57,4 cm. Rohn". 43,7 x 57,4 cm. With the estate stamp on the verso. With the estate stamp on the verso. Item Id: 78861 Item Id: 78860

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Geometric drawings. Studies on geometric bodies Geometric drawings. Studies on geometric bodies and architectural details Pen-and-ink drawing over pencil on wove paper, 1901. Illustrative geometry I + II by Dr. K. Rohn, SS 1901 - Pen-and-ink drawing, wash, over pencil, on wove WS 1901/02. Signed and dated "S.S. 1901" on the paper, 1901/02. lower right, inscribed with the stamp "Kgl. Representing geometry I + II by Dr. K. Rohn, SS Polytechnikum Dresden" and in the stamp "Dr. K. 1901 - WS 1901/02. Signed and dated "W.S. Rohn". 43,7 x 57,8 cm. With the estate stamp on the [19]01/02", inscribed with the stamp "Kgl. verso. Polytechnikum Dresden" and in the stamp "Dr. K. Item Id: 78859 Rohn". 43,5 x 57,4 cm. With the estate stamp on the verso. Item Id: 78863

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Geometric drawings. Studies on geometric bodies

Pen-and-ink drawing over pencil, watercolour on wove paper, 1901/02. Illustrative Geometry I + II by Dr. K. Rohn, SS 1901 - WS 1901/02. Signed and dated "W.S. 1901/02", inscribed with the stamp "Kgl. Polytechnikum Dresden" and in the stamp "Dr. K. Rohn". 44 x 57,9 cm. With the estate stamp on the verso. Item Id: 78865

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Ornaments. Design for a radiator covering Ornaments. Design for an ornament

Pencil drawing on slightly transparent paper, 1901-02. Pencil drawing on slightly transparent drawing paper, Ornament drawing by Prof. Fritz Schumacher, SS 1901 1901-02. - SS 1902. Inscribed on the lower of the drawing. 33,4 x Ornament drawing by Prof. Fritz Schumacher, SS 26 cm. Front and verso the same pencil drawing, back 1901 - SS 1902. 34,9 x 23,9 cm. Front and back the coloured with coloured pencil and with estate stamp. same pencil drawing. With the estate stamp on the Item Id: 78851 verso. Item Id: 78850

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Ornaments. Head rails E. L. Kirchner Ornaments. 3 edge strips. E. L. Kirchner

Ink drawing on strong cardboard, around 1904. Ink drawing with pen and brush over pencil on Ornamental design around 1904. Inscribed on the lower cardboard coated with paper on both sides, around of the drawing. 38,2 x 32,9 cm. With the estate stamp 1904. on the verso. Designing ornaments around 1904. Inscribed on the Item Id: 78856 lower of the drawing. 47 x 32 cm. With the estate stamp on the verso. Item Id: 78857

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Ornaments. Five Art Nouveau ornaments

Ink with pen and brush on cardboard covered on both sides with paper, 1904-05. Ornament design and figure drawing by Prof. Weichardt, SS 1904, WS 1904/05. 59,8 x 399 cm. With the estate stamp on the verso. Item Id: 78858

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Ornaments. Design for an endpaper in black Ornaments. Design for an endpaper, coloured

Ink drawing over pencil on drawing paper mounted on Ink drawing over pencil with coloured pencil mounted strong cardboard, around 1904. on drawing paper on strong cardboard, around 1904. Ornamental designs around 1904. Signed and inscribed Ornamental designs around 1904. Signed and on the lower of the drawing on the cardboard. 16,7 x inscribed on the lower of the drawing on the 12,6 cm. With estate stamp on the verso of the cardboard. 12,8 x 10,6 cm. With estate stamp on the cardboard. verso. Item Id: 78853 Item Id: 78855

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Ornaments. Design for an endpaper, colour variants Ornaments. Design for an endpaper in red

Pen-and-ink drawing in blue and red over pencil on Pen-and-ink drawing in red on drawing paper, drawing paper mounted on strong cardboard, around mounted on strong cardboard, around 1904. 1904. Ornamental designs around 1904. Signed on the Ornamental designs, around 1904. Signed and cardboard on the lower of the drawing. 11,8 x 9,7 cm. inscribed "Vorsatzpapier" bon the lower of the drawings With estate stamp on the verso of the cardboard. on the cardboard. Each 11 x 5,5 cm. With the estate Item Id: 78852 stamp on the verso. Item Id: 78854

Comparative illustration Comparative illustration

Henry van der Velde Heinz Stoffregen Decoration fabric for the Krefeld textile industry, Window with medallion and plant ornament in after 1898; Museum für Gestaltung Zürich, Delmenhorst town hall, large conference hall, Kunstgewerbesammlung. Delmenhorst, Rathausplatz 1, 1912-14. © ZHdK; Museum of Design Zurich © Bildarchiv Foto Marburg; Lechtape, Andreas; Rec. date: 2013

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Comparative illustration Design for a residential house on a hillside. Two perspective views Hermann Muthesius Pen-and-ink drawing over pencil on cardboard, 1903. House Seefeldt (exterior, from northwest), Design of buildings by Prof. Hugo Hartung, SS 1903. Berlin-Zehlendorf, Knesebeckstraße 5, 1904/05. "Design for a house on a hillsde" Two perspective © Bildarchiv Foto Marburg views. 32 x 48 cm. With the estate stamp on the verso. Item Id: 78796

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Design for a residential house on a hillside

Pen-and-ink drawing over pencil, gouache and watercolour on strong cardboard, 1903. Design of buildings by Prof. Hugo Hartung , SS 1903. "Design for a house on a hillsde - 2 views 1:100" 32x3 x 47,2 cm. With the estate stamp on the verso. Item Id: 78795

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Design for a residential house on a hillside. hallway

Pen-and-ink drawing over pencil on cardboard, 1903. Design of buildings by Prof. Hugo Hartung , SS 1903. "House on a hillside. hallway". 32 x 44,5 cm. With the estate stamp on the verso. Item Id: 78797

Comparative illustration

Bernhard Pankok House Rosenfeld, interior, stairwell hall, 1910/12. © Bildarchiv Foto Marburg

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Design for a residential house on a hillside. Design for a residential house on a hillside. wardrobe architectural details

Pen-and-ink drawing over pencil and pencil sketch on Pen-and-ink drawing over pencil on cardboard, 1903. cardboard, 1903. Design of high-rise buildings by Prof. Hugo Hartung , Design of buildings by Prof. Hugo Hartung, SS 1903. "Design of a residential house on a hillside. SS 1903. "House on a hillside - wardrobe." 31,3 x 47,5 Architectural details 1:10 - rear view." 32 x 48,2 cm. cm. With the estate stamp on the verso. With the estate stamp on the verso. Item Id: 78798 Item Id: 78799

Comparative illustration Comparative illustration

Emil Schweickhardt Johannes Schroth Facade detail, residential and commercial Pillar decoration, Catholic parish church and building, Karlsruhe, Kaiserallee 87, 1905. New Catholic Church Saint George, 1910/11. © Bildarchiv Foto Marburg; Hajdu, Rose; © Bildarchiv Foto Marburg; Hajdu, Rose; Rec. date: 2013. Rec. date: 2013.

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Student research projects - design for a museum. Sheet 1

Pen-and-ink drawing over pencil, watercolour and spray technique on strong wove paper, 1904/05. Works in the studio for architecture of Prof. Karl Weissbach, SS 1904 or WS 1904/05. Museum. Sheet 1st front view. Monogrammed within the architectural representation o the lower right, signed outside. Inscribed "Ges. K. Weissbach" on the lower left. 114 x 64 cm. With estate stamp on the verso. Item Id: 7877

Comparative illustration Comparative illustration

Leo von Klenze Oscar Sommer Alte Pinakothek, Munich, 1836 bombs hit 1943 The Städel Museum around 1900, and 1944, reconstruction Hans Döllgast 1952-57. Frankfurt am Main. © CODART © Städel Museum

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Student research projects - design for a museum. Student research projects - design for a museum. Sheet 3 Sheet 4

Pen-and-ink drawing over pencil, watercolour and spray Pen-and-ink drawing over pencil on wove paper, technique on strong wove paper, 1904/05. 1904/05. Works in the studio for architecture of Prof. Karl Works in the studio for architecture of Prof. Karl Weissbach, SS 1904 or WS 1904/05. Museum. Back Weissbach, SS 1904 or WS 1904/05. Draft for a view 1:200. sheet 3." Signed on the lower right, museum. Sheet 4th floor plan of the ground floor. inscribed on the lower left "Ges. K. Weissbach". 37,7 x 1:200. Signed on the lower right, inscribed "Ges. K. 67,5 cm. with estate stamp on the verso. Weissbach" on the lower left. 51 x 68,4 cm. With Item Id: 78780 estate stamp on the verso. Item Id: 78781

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Student research projects - design for a museum. Sheet 5

Pen-and-ink drawing over pencil, spray technique on wove paper, 1904/05. Works in the studio for architecture with Prof. Karl Weissbach, SS 1904 or WS 1904/05. Museum. Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Sheet 5. middle cut. Signed and monogrammed on the Student research projects - design for a museum. lower right, inscribed "Ges. K. Weissbach" on the lower Sheet 7 left. 42,7 x 49,4 cm. With the estate stamp on the verso. Item Id: 78782 Pen-and-ink drawing over pencil on wove paper, 1904/05. Works in the studio for architecture of Prof. Karl Weissbach, SS 1904 or WS 1904/05. "Museum. Detail of the corner. Sheet 7. scale 1:50." Signed on the lower right within the architectural representation, inscribed "Ges. K. Weissbach" on the lower left. 64 x 45,7 cm. With the estate stamp on the verso. Item Id: 78783

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Student research projects - design for a museum. Student research projects - design for a museum. central block Sheet 8

Pen-and-ink drawing over pencil on wove paper, Pen-and-ink drawing over pencil on wove paper, 1904/05. 1904/05. Works in the studio for architecture of Prof. Karl Works in the studio for architecture with Prof. Karl Weissbach, SS 1904 or WS 1904/05. "Museum. Weissbach, SS 1904 or WS 1904/05. Staircase. Mittelbau." 46,7 x 68,6 cm. With the crossed out estate "Sheet 8 Scale 1:25. Signed on the lower right. 46 x stamp onthe verso. 69 cm. With the estate stamp on the verso, inscription Item Id: 78785 illegible, white glue. Item Id: 78784

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Draft sketch for a rental villa

Pen-and-ink drawing on transparent paper, 1903-05. Sketching from the field of building construction. Prof. Paul Wallot, SS 1903, WS 1904/05. "Draft sketch for a rental villa." Monogrammed within the drawing on the lower right. 26,5 x 54 cm with the estate stamp on the verso. Item Id: 78802

Comparative illustration

Hermann Bastel Residential building, Karlsruhe, Yorckstraße 49, 1911. © Bildarchiv Foto Marburg

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Draft sketch for a rental villa Draft sketch for a rental villa

Pencil drawing on transparent paper, 1903-05. Pencil drawing on transparent paper, 1903-05. Sketching from the field of building construction. Sketching from the field of building construction. Prof. Prof. Paul Wallot, SS 1903, WS 1904/05. "Draft of a Paul Wallot, SS 1903, WS 1904/05. "Draft for a rental tenement villa." Monogrammed next to the writing on villa." 25 x 24,5 cm. With the estate stamp on the the lower right. 24,2 x 25 cm. With the estate stamp on verso. the verso. Item Id: 78803 Item Id: 78800

Comparative illustration Comparative illustration

Henry van de Velde Rudolf Zapfe House Dr. Aderhold Fröse, exterior, street side, Villa Raune, Weimar, Cranachstrasse 10, 1903. Hanover, Seelhorststraße 2, 1910/11. Destroyed © Bildarchiv Foto Marburg in World War II. © Bildarchiv Foto Marburg

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Design for an art nouveau villa, side view

Watercolour over pencil, 1903-05. Sketching from the field of building construction. Comparative illustration Prof. Paul Wallot, SS 1903, WS 1904/05: "Design for an Art Nouveau villa, side view". 24,2 x 27 cm. With the Residence, exterior, left risalit, Dresden- estate stamp on the verso. Neustadt, Grossenhainer Straße 32,1902. Item Id: 78801 © Bildarchiv Foto Marburg; Gaasch, Uwe

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Perspective view of a villa Comparative illustration

Pencil drawing coloured with crayon on slightly transparent paper, 1903-05. Hermann Muthesius Sketching from the field of building construction. Prof. Residential building, Berlin-Grunewald, Paul Wallot, SS 1903, WS 1904/05 "Perspective view Winklerstraße 11, of a villa". 32 x 39,5 cm. With the estate stamp on the 1905-06. verso. © Bildarchiv Foto Marburg Item Id: 78809

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Various designs for houses. Sketch for a mountain cottage

Pen-and-ink drawing over pencil, watercolour on wove paper, around 1904. "Sketch for a mountain cottage. Below the drawing Comparative illustration monogrammed and inscribed "hallway open in summer, glazed in winter. On the upper floor: room, workroom, Joseph Maria Olbrich etc. Bathroom under the stairs." Scale around 1:200. House Olbrich on the Mathildenhöhe in 24,2 x 31 cm. With the estate stamp on the verso. Darmstadt, Alexandraweg 28, 1901. Item Id: 78812 © Bildarchiv Foto Marburg

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Various designs for houses. Section through a Design of a painter's studio. Sheet 3 building with an inner courtyard. Pen-and-ink drawing over pencil, watercolour and Lightpause on drawing paper, 1901-05. spray technique on wove paper, 1903. Inscribed within the representation in ink. Design of buildings by Prof. Hugo Hartung, SS 1903, 38 x 48 cm. Figurative studies, pencil drawing on the "Longitudinal section for the design of the painter's verso. studio". Sheet 3" Signed within the drawing on the Item Id: 78811 lower right. 32 x 45,7 cm. With the estate stamp on the verso. Item Id: 78794

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Design of a painter's studio. "Painter's studio II.

Pen-and-ink drawing over pencil on strong cardboard, 1903. Design of buildings by Prof. Hugo Hartung, SS 1903: "Painting studio", ground floor, upper floor and two views. Signed on the lower right, designated "ges. Hartung 1903". 47 x 62.5 cm. With the estate stamp on the verso. Item Id: 78793

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Structural Engineering. Crib arrangement in Structural Engineering. military horse stables Residential and agricultural buildings Pen-and-ink drawing over pencil on wove paper, Pen-and-ink drawing over pencil on wove paper, 1903. 1903. Building construction apprenticeship with Prof. H. Architectural theory by Prof. H. Böhm, SS 1903. "Crib Böhm, SS 1903. "Residential and farm buildings." arrangement in military horse stables." Signed and Views and ground plan, sections. Signed and dated on dated on the lower right. Inscribed on the lower left the lower right. Inscribed at lower left with the stamp with the stamp "K.S. Techn. Hochschule Dresden "K.S. Techn. Hochschule Dresden Hochbaukonstruktionen" (partly illegible) and Hochbaukonstruktionen" and below "M. Böhme". 68 x inscribed "H.Böhm". 46,5 x 66,6 cm. With the estate 50,3 cm. With the estate stamp on the verso. stamp on the verso. Item Id: 78814 Item Id: 78813

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Country house Dr. Genge. Loschwitz

Pen-and-ink drawing in brown and watercolour on strong wove paper, 1901-05. Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Signed on the lower right with black ink. 88,3 x 66,4 cm. Villa Genge Facade With the estate stamp on the verso. Item Id: 78807 Pen-and-ink drawing in brown and watercolour on strong wove paper, 1901-05. 62,5 x 70,3 cm. With the estate stamp on the verso. Item Id: 78808

Comparative illustration Comparative illustration

Joseph Maria Olbrich Joseph Maria Olbrich Group of three houses, Blue House, corner Group of three houses, Blue House, detail, Stiftstrasse/Prinz-Christians-Weg, corner Stiftstraße/Prinz-Christians-Weg, Darmstadt, 1904. Darmstadt, 1904. © Uwe Barghaan, 2017 © Uwe Barghaan, 2017

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Study works - small castle for an art lover, perspective view

Pen-and-ink drawing over pencil, gouache, heightened with white, on grey-blue cardboard around, 1904/05. Monogrammed within the architectural image on the lower left. 26,5 x 38,5 cm. With the estate stamp on the verso. Item Id: 78786

Comparative illustration

Andrea Palladio Villa La Rotonda, 1567-91. © Philip Schäfer

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Study works - small castle for an art lover, sheet 1 Study works - small castle for an art lover, sheet 2

Pen-and-ink drawing over pencil on solid wove paper Pen-and-ink drawing over pencil, watercolour and and mounted printing around, 1904/05. spray technique on strong wove paper, 1904/05. "Little castle for an art lover. Sheet 1. scale 1:100. "Little castle for an art lover. Ground floor, upper floor basement plan." Signed on the lower right side of the and situation plan. 1:1000. signed and inscribed on drawing and inscribed on the lower right side. 63 x 49 the lower right. 69 x 48 cm. cm. With the estate stamp on the verso. With the estate stamp on the verso. Item Id: 78791 Item Id: 78789

Comparative illustration

Andrea Palladio Villa Trissino in Meledo, ground plan and plan, 16th century.

Comparative illustration

Andrea Palladio Villa La Rotonda, section, 1567-91.

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Study works - small castle for an art lover, sheet 5

Pen-and-ink drawing over pencil, wash, on strong wove paper, around 1904/05. "Little castle for an art lover. Scale 1:100. sheet 5. side view - back view." Signed on the lower right, in addition both views monogrammed and inscribed within the drawing on the lower right. 58,8 x 48,5 cm. With the estate stamp on the verso. Item Id: 78790

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Study works - small castle for an art lover, sheet 3 Study works - small castle for an art lover, sheet 4

Pen-and-ink drawing over pencil, gouache, spray Pen-and-ink drawings over pencil, gouache, spray technique on strong wove paper, around 1904/05. technique on strong wove paper, around 1904/05. "Little castle for an art lover. Front view. Scale 1:50. "Little castle for an art lover. Longitudinal section. sheet 3." Monogrammed within the architectural representation on the lower right and signed outside. Scale 1:50. Sheet 4." Monogrammed within the architectural representation on the lower right and 96,5 x 52,5 cm. With the estate stamp on the verso. signed and inscribed outside. 96 x 60,4 cm. With the Item Id: 78787 estate stamp on the verso. Item Id: 7888

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Interiors. Interior with couch

Watercolour painting over pencil on slightly transparent paper, 1904/05. Sketches and drafts of interiors. Interior decoration, Prof. Fritz Schumacher, WS 1904/05. 13,6 x 21 cm. With the estate stamp on the verso. Item Id: 78833

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Interiors. Plan of an interior with wall cupboards

Pencil drawing on slightly transparent paper, 1901-05. Sketches and drafts of interiors. 20,9 x 51,4 cm. With the estate stamp on the verso. Item Id: 78840

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Interiors. Interior with Art Nouveau sculpture of a dancer.

Pencil drawing wiped, on wove paper, 1901-05. Sketches and drafts of interiors. 20 x 24 cm. With the Comparative illustration estate stamp on the verso. Item Id: 78835 Josef Maria Olbrich Dining room, Kronberg (Taunus), Hochstrasser House, 1901/02. © Bildarchiv Foto Marburg Rec. date: 1885/1920; repro date: 1977/82

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Interiors. Perspective view of an interior with wall Interiors. Perspective view of a dining room cupboards and man in the foreground. Pencil on light drawing paper, 1901-05. Pencil drawing on drawing paper, 1901-05. Sketches and sketches of interiors. 25,5 x 30,7 cm. Sketches and drafts of interiors. 22,5 x 30,8 cm. With With the estate stamp on the verso. the estate stamp on the verso. Item Id: 78834 Item Id: 78841

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Reconstruction Hetzer. Guest room II

Photocopy on drawing paper, 1901-05. "Conversion of Hetzer. Guest room II. scale 1:10." Within the representation with technical designations. 30.2 x 52 cm. With the estate stamp on the verso. Item Id: 78828

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Reconstruction Hetzer. Library, perspective view

Watercolour over pencil on slightly transparent paper, 1901-05. 9,5 x 17,3 cm. With the estate stamp and the inscription "TZ 82" in ink on the verso. Item Id: 78829

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Reconstruction Hetzer. Hetzer Library

Pencil drawing on slightly transparent drawing paper, 1901-05. "Hetzer Bibliotek [sic!], 1:20." 26,4 x 47,3 cm. With the estate stamp on the verso. Item Id: 78830 Comparative illustration

Joseph Maria Olbrich Big house Glückert, lobby, Darmstadt, Mathildenhöhe, Alexandraweg 23, 1901. © Bildarchiv Foto Marburg, 2013

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Designs for lamps. Design for a ceiling chandelier. Münchmeyer's master room. Design for a ceiling chandelier Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Pencil drawing coloured with Designs for lamps. 6-flame Pencil drawing on fine drawing coloured pencil on strong drawing crown copper driven paper, 1901-05. paper, 1901-05. 25,1 x 23,9 cm. With the estate 23,6 x 24,3 cm. With the estate Pen-and-ink drawing over pencil, stamp on teh verso. stamp onthe verso. watercolour painting, on strong Item Id: 78823 Item Id: 78847 wove paper, 1901-05. "6-flamed crown copper driven". Ground plan, side view, detail. 31,2 x 25,2 cm. With the estate stamp on the verso. Item Id: 78849

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Designs for lamps. Design Comparative illustration drawing for a ceiling chandelier, Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Münchmeyer's master room. floor plan and view Heinrich Vogeler Design of a ceiling chandelier, Lower Güldenkammer, Bremen, Pen-and-ink drawing over pencil, floor plan and view watercolours, on drawing paper, Old Town Hall, first floor, south 1901-05. side, upper hall, redesign 1905. Pencil drawing on fine drawing 34 x 15,6 cm. Figurative idea © Bildarchiv Foto Marburg; paper, 1901-05. sketch and technical sketch in Aufsberg, Lala; Rec. date: 1952 31,5 x 16 cm cm. With the estate pencil, inscribed and with estate stamp on the verso. stamp on the verso. Item Id: 78824 Item Id: 78848

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Dr. Münchmeyer's master room. perspective Dr. Münchmeyer's master room. vertical plan interior view Pencil drawing with brown crayon coloured on slightly Photocopy on strong drawing paper, 1901-05. transparent paper, 1901-05. 32 x 36,8 cm. With the estate stamp on the verso. 20,6 x 21 cm. With the estate stamp on the verso. Item Id: 78820 Item Id: 78819

Comparative illustration

Paul Bonatz Henkell and Company champagne cellars, Lobby of Hans Beatus Wieland, Wiesbaden, Biebrich, 1907-09. © Bildarchiv Foto Marburg; Rec. date: 1916/23

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Design of a master room. Oriel wall of the master room

Pen and ink over pencil, gouache, watercolour and spray technique on wove paper, 1904. Interior finishing by Prof. Fritz Schumacher, WS 1904/05. " Bay wall of the master room". Signed and dated on the lower right, monogrammed within the image on the lower left. 28,3 x 37,3 cm. With the estate stamp on the verso. Item Id: 78818

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Design of a master room. Master room, fireplace wall

Pen and ink over pencil, gouache, watercolour and spray technique on wove paper, 1904. Interior finishing by Prof. Fritz Schumacher, WS 1904/05. "Master room, fireplace wall". Signed on the lower right, monogrammed within the drawing on the lower left, inscribed "ges. Schumacher 1907". 24,2 x 42,9 cm. With the estate stamp on the verso. Item Id: 78817

Comparative illustration

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Joseph Maria Olbrich Design of a master room. Master room, perspective Big House Glückert, Master Room, Darmstadt, interior view Mathildenhöhe, Alexandraweg 23, 1901. Pen-and-ink drawing over pencil gouache, watercolour, © Bildarchiv Foto Marburg, Rec-date: heightened with white, on brown drawing paper, 1885/1920; Repro-date: 1977/82 mounted on strong cardboard, 1904/05. Interior decoration by Prof. Fritz Schumacher, WS 1904/05. "Master room, perspective interior." Monogrammed on the lower right. 24,2 x 21,5 cm. Marked on the cardboard with the estate stamp. Item Id: 78816

Comparative illustration

Comparative illustration Albinmüller Office in the exhibition building for applied art, Henry van de Velde in his office at Haus Hohe Darmstadt, Pappeln in Weimar-Ehringsdorf, 1907/08. Mathildenhöhe, Olbrichweg, 1908. © Klassik Stiftung Weimar Destruction (bomb hit): 1940/45. © Bildarchiv Foto Marburg; Rec-date: around 1920

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Design of a master room. men's desk

Pen-and-ink drawing over pencil gouache, watercolour and spray technique on wove paper, 1904/05. Interior finishing by Prof. Fritz Schumacher, WS 1904/05. "Design of a men's desk for the lair and chair. Scale 1:10." Signed and inscribed "ges. Schumacher 1904". 34,2 x 49,5 cm. With the estate stamp on the verso. Item Id: 78815

Comparative illustration Comparative illustration

Henry van der Velde Josef Maria Olbrich "Sezessions desk" and armchair, 1899, Armchairs, Art Nouveau, in mahogany, Vienna, owned by Ludwig Loeffler. around 1905, "K.u.K. Hoflieferant E. & A. P." © Germanisches Nationalmuseum, Nürnberg

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Münchmeyer Master room - Chair, Stool, Münchmeyer Master room, 1:10. desk, sofa Upholstered chair, Writing chair, Table

Pencil drawing over a blueprint with coloured pencil Pen-and-ink and pencil drawing over a pause in light coloured on wove paper, 1901-05. with coloured pencil on drawing paper, 1901-05. "Master room Münchmeyer - chair, stool, upholstered "Master room 1:10. Desk, sofa." 24.8 x 59.1 cm. With armchair, writing chair, table." Inscribed with pencil the estate stamp on the verso. "breiter!" within the drawing. Item Id: 78822 22,4 x 64,3 cm. With the estate stamp on the verso. Item Id: 78821

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Design of a smoking room. Stucco and plush wall panelling.

Pen-and-ink drawing over pencil, washed, watercolour and spray technique, 1903/04. Munich with Prof. Paul Pfann, WS 1903/04. "Design of a smoking room. Stucco and plush wall panelling. Masstab 1:10." Signed on the lower right, in addition inscribed "Ges. P. Pfann Professor" on the left. 38,1 x 68 cm. With the estate stamp on the verso. Item Id: 78825

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Design of a smoking room. Stucco and plush wall Design of a smoking room. Smoking room, panelling. perspective view of the quadrant oriel.

Pen-and-ink drawing over pencil on wove paper, Pen-and-ink drawing over pencil on wove paper, 1903/04. 1903/04. Munich with Prof. Paul Pfann, WS 1903/04. "Design of Munich with Prof. Paul Pfann, WS 1903/04. 40,1 x 27 a smoking room. Wall decoration in stucco and plush, cm. With the estate stamp on the verso. furniture in ebony. Ground plan in 1:25, two walls 1:10." Item Id: 78827 Signed on the lower right, monogrammed within the drawing, inscribed "Ges. P. Pfann Professor" on the lower left. 42 x 40 cm. With the estate stamp on the verso. Item Id: 78826

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Drawing from a template. Staircase painting Comparative illustration

Photocopy on drawing paper, 1901-05. Exterior view of the still standing building "Staircase painting and grid Anton-Graffstr 29." 28,6 x at 29 Anton-Graffstr, Dresden. 30,9 cm. With the estate stamp on the verso. Today's condition. Item Id: 78842

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Drawing from a template. Wall in the Nymphenbad

Pen-and-ink drawing over pencil on wove paper, 1903. "Picture of a wall of the Nymphenbad in the Königl.Zwinger in Dresden." Signed and dated on the lower right. 45 x 59,5 cm. With the estate stamp on the verso. Item Id: 78843

Comparative illustrations

Two statues and a view of the structure of the Nymphenbad, Zwinger, Dresden. Today's, recently restored condition.

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Designs for furniture. Design for an upholstered Designs for furniture. Door design armchair

Pencil drawing on transparent paper, 1901-05. Pen-and-ink drawing over pencil on cardboard, 45 x 22,3 cm. Front and back identical pencil drawing. 1901-05. With the estate stamp on the verso. 28,5 x 20,2 cm. With the estate stamp on the verso. Item Id: 78846 Item Id: 78845

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Designs for furniture. Sketch for a grandfather clock

Pencil drawing, watercolour, on drawing paper, 1901-05. Designs for furniture. 65 47 "Sketch for a grandfather clock. 1:10" 26,1 x 27,6 cm. With the estate stamp on the verso. Item Id: 78844

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Comparative illustration Pulsnitz Palace. Library. Fireplace Pulsnitz Palace Photocopy on drawing paper, 1901-05. Built until 1718 "Pulsnitz Castle Library." [sic!]. Fireplace 55,2 x 47,5 under Johann George von Maxen cm. With the estate stamp on the verso. (today a hospital) Item Id: 78832 Exterior view of the current condition. © Oberländer, Thomas

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Pulsnitz Palace, Library

Photocopy on drawing paper, 1901-05. "Pulsnitz Castle Library." [sic!]. 54,5 x 64,3 cm. With the estate stamp on the verso. Item Id: 78831

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Interiors. Perspective view of an interior with a round oriel

Pencil drawing on cardboard, 1901-05. Sketches and drafts of interiors. 31,1 x 46,9 cm. With the estate stamp on the verso. Item Id: 78836

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Interiors. Two perspective views of a kitchen

Pencil on cardboard, 1901-05. Sketches and drafts of interiors. 31,2 x 45,4 cm. With the estate stamp on the verso. Item Id: 78837

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Interiors. Perspective view of an interior with wall cupboards. Dining room

Lead drawing with coloured pencils on drawing paper, 1902/03. Comparative illustration Sketches and drafts of interiors. Presumably interior finishing, Prof. Fritz Schumacher, winter semester 1902/03. 29,2 x 30 cm. Inside the drawing above the Bernhard Pankok lower margin of the sheet inscribed with pencil as House Rosenfeld, interior, stairwell hall, "Dining Room". With the estate stamp on the verso. Stuttgart, 1910/12. Item Id: 78839 © Bildarchiv Foto Marburg

Comparative illustration comparative illustration

Bernhard Pankok New public bath & Karl Müller'sches public bath, House Rosenfeld, interior, dressing table, relaxation room, Munich, dressing room, Stuttgart, 1910/12. Rosenheimer Street 1, 1901. © Bildarchiv Foto Marburg © Bildarchiv Foto Marburg

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Interiors. Perspective view of an interior with wall cupboards

Lead drawing on slightly transparent paper, 1902/03. Sketches and drafts of interiors. Presumably interior finishing, Prof. Fritz Schumacher, winter semester 1902/03. 20 x 30,5 cm. With the estate stamp on the verso. Item Id: 78838

Comparative illustration Comparative illustration

Hermann Muthesius Hermann Muthesius with Hermann Freudenberg House Bernhard, dining room, House Freudenberg/Nikolashof, Children's Berlin-Grunewald, Winklerstraße 11, Room, Berlin-Nikolassee, Potsdamer Chaussee Early 20th century. 48, 1907/08. © Bildarchiv Foto Marburg © Bildarchiv Foto Marburg

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Student research projects - Front facade of a hotel in sandstone

Pen-and-ink drawing over pencil, gouache, spray technique on strong wove paper, glued on cardboard, 1904. Works in the studio for architecture of Prof. Karl Weissbach, SS 1904 or WS 1904/05. Front facade of a hotel in sandstone. Scale 1:50 "Signed and dated "SS 1904" on the lower right within the architectural representation. 90,2 x 64,1 cm. With the estate stamp on the verso. Item Id: 78806

Comparative illustration

Carl Gause, Robert Leibnitz, a.o. Hotel Adlon, Berlin, 1905-07. Destroyed during the 2nd World War, rebuilt by Patzschke, Klotz & Partner as Hotel Adlon Kempinski, 1995-97. © Bundesarchiv Deutschland

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Various designs for houses. Cross section of the hotel with view of the side wing.

Pen-and-ink drawing over pencil, watercolour and spray technique on strong newsprint, 1904. Works in the studio for architecture of Prof. Karl Weissbach, SS 1904, "Cross-section through the hotel with view of the side wing, scale 1:100", signed on the lower right, inscribed "Ges. K. Weissbach" on the lower left. 43,5 x 67,5 cm. With the estate stamp on the verso. Item Id: 78810

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Student research projects - design for a hotel. Two Student research projects - design of a hotel for a views property in Dresden - Plauen. 4 sheets and 7 details Ink over pencil on strong wove paper, 1904. Works in the studio for architecture with Prof. Karl Ink over pencil and spray technique on solid wove Weissbach, SS 1904 or WS 1904/05. "Design for a paper, 1904. hotel. Two views. 1st floor - ground plan. 2 to 4th floor - Works in the studio for architecture of Prof. Karl ground plan. "Signed and dated "S. 04" on the lower Weissbach, SS 1904 or WS 1904/05. Design of a right, inscribed "Ges. K. Weissbach" on the lower left. hotel for a property in Dresden - Plauen. 4 sheets and Signed and dated "S. 04" on the lower right, inscribed 7 detail. "Ground floor". Signed and dated "S. 04" on "Ges. K. Weissbach" on the lower left. 61,6 x 73,6 cm. the upper centre, inscribed "Ges. K. Weissbach" on With the estate stamp on the verso. the lower left. 61 x 97,5 cm. With the estate stamp on Item Id: 78804 the verso. Item Id: 78805

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Diploma thesis - Design of a cemetery. Sheet 6

Pen-and-ink drawing over pencil, watercolour and spray technique on strong drawing cardboard, 1905. "Overall plan [sic!] of the cemetery in scale 1:1000, sheet 6". On the lower right monogrammed within the representation, below on the right inscribed by the artist "E. L. Kirchner". 68,5 x 40 cm. With the estate stamp on the verso. Item Id: 78775

Comparative illustration Comparative illustration

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Berghirte im Herbst (Berghirte mit Ziegen) Ernst Ludwig Kirchner (Mountain shepherd in autumn (mountain Scene aus dem "Sommernachtstraum" shepherd with goats)) (Scene from the "Midsummer Night's Dream") ( Oil on canvas, 1921 Gordon 0664 Signed in ink on the upper left. 120 x 90,5 cm. Signed Oil on canvas, 1937. Gordon 1005. on the verso of the canvas in dark blue with a brush 196 x 150 cm. With the estate stamp and the number and titled "shepherd with goats" and with the large "KN-Da/Bk 2" on the verso. estate stamp and the number "KN-Da/Aa 37". Item Id: 67015 Item Id: 67942

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Diploma thesis - Design of a cemetery. Sheet 1

Pencil drawing with coloured pencil and gouache coloured on wove paper, 1905. "Design of a cemetery. On a scale of 1:100. Main entrance on the main road". Inscribed " by E. L. Kirchner" on the lower right. 39,5 x 68,4 cm. With the estate stamp on the verso. Item Id: 78771

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Diploma thesis - Design of a cemetery. Sheet 4

Pen-and-ink drawing over pencil, watercolour and spray technique on wove paper, 1905. "Section through the Parentation Hall and view of the mortuaries from Campo Santo. Sheet 4". Signed on the lower right, monogrammed within the image. 35 x 56,8 cm. With the estate stamp on the verso. Item Id: 78773

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Diploma thesis - Design of a cemetery. Sheet 3

Pen-and-ink drawing over pencil, watercolour and spray technique on wove paper, 1905. "Design of a cemetery. View of the Parentation Hall after the Campo Santo. Below the drawing on the lower right inscribed "E. L. Kirchner". 36 x 62,9 cm. With the estate stamp on the verso. Item Id: 78772

Comparative illustration

Garden architect Paul Freye and Architect Franz Seeck. Main chapel at an avenue of linden trees and southern ambulatory, Osterholzer Cemetery, Bremen, 1910-22. © Jürgen Howaldt

Comparative illustration

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Diploma thesis - Design of a cemetery. Sheet 5

Pen-and-ink drawing in brown, watercolour and spray technique on wove paper, mounted on cardboard, 1905. "View of the Parentation Hall after the cemetery. Sheet 5: Lateral underpasses for the insertion of corpses". Signed on the lower right, monogrammed within the drawing on the lower right. 24 x 63,5 cm. With the estate stamp on the verso. Item Id: 78774

Comparative illustration

Hans Grässel Cemetery building at St.-Martins-Platz, East cemetery in the district Obergiesing, Munich, 1894-1900. © Jan Brandstein und Nikolas Giessing GbR, Blog der Blauen Stunde, München

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Diploma thesis - Design of a cemetery. Sheet 2

Pen-and-ink drawing over pencil, watercolour and spray technique on wove paper, 1905. "Design of a cemetery. Sheet 2nd floor plan of the Parentation Hall with Campo Santo". Signed inside the drawing on the lower right. 71,3 x 60,6 cm. With the estate stamp on the verso. Item Id: 78792

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Diploma thesis - Design of a cemetery. Sheet 7

Pen-and-ink drawing over pencil on wove paper, 1905. "Street view of the cemetery. Sheet 7. director's flat and gardener's flat. Columbarien." With ground plan. Signed on the lower right. 32,7 x 70,4 cm. With the estate stamp on the verso. Item Id: 78776

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Diploma thesis - Design of a cemetery. Sheet 8

Pen-and-ink drawing over pencil on wove paper, 1905. "Design of a cemetery. Sheet 8. views of the three terraces on a scale of 1:500. With columbaria, urn niches, rock tombs, fountains and ramps. "Signed at lower right. 34 x 68 cm. With the estate stamp on the verso. Item Id: 78777

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Diploma thesis - Design of a cemetery. Sheet 9

Pen-and-ink drawing over pencil, watercolour and spray technique on wove paper (papier vélin), 1905. "Design of a cemetery. Sheet 9. middle section through the entire complex [sic!] on a scale of 1:1000." Signed on the lower right. 27 x 67 cm. With the estate stamp on the verso. Item Id: 78778

KIRCHNER'S ARCHITECTURAL DRAWINGS Reform Architecture and “Brücke”

The development of the German Expressionist movement is often viewed – as in the recent exhibition at the Kunsthaus Zürich – against the background of the French movement of Fauvism and the Post-Impressionism of van Gogh and Gauguin. What is not generally known is that the four founding members of “Brücke” were students of architecture under the Reform Architect Fritz Schumacher in Dresden just after the turn of the century.

Reform Architecture belongs in the broader context of the Life Reform Movement, which was a reaction to the untoward living and working conditions that had resulted from industrialization. The movement was modelled on the English Arts and Crafts Movement and not least on its endeavour to unite architecture, design and art in a single entity. As students of architecture, the future “Brücke” artists could see themselves, against this background, in the tradition of such architects as Peter Behrens and Henry van de Velde, who had both switched courses of study from Fine Art to Architecture (Hofmann). Both with this exhibition and with the parallel exhibition on the “Brücke” artists and their relationship to the Life Reform Movement we aim to show how and to what extent the development of “Brücke” Expressionism can be attributed to the all-embracing artistic and social concept of Reform Architecture.

The eclectic historicism of the time, which in Germany took the form of “Wilhelminian Baroque” or “Saxon Pseudo-Renaissance” (Fritz Schumacher), was countered by the architectural reformists with reduced ornamentation and local building methods and styles – in Switzerland this was the so-called “Heimatstil”, typical examples in Bern being the houses in Monbijoustrasse and St. Paul's Church in Bern's Länggassquartier, as well as all districts of Bern with the exception of the Altstadt. It was from this process of stylistic reduction that the architecture and design concepts of the Werkbund evolved. The Werkbund was founded by Schumacher, Behrens and Olbrich (the architect of the Vienna Secession Building) and was one of the forerunners of the Bauhaus.

The movement's campaign against the miserable living conditions in overcrowded tenement houses with as many as six back courtyards that hardly ever saw daylight found expression in such garden cities as Hellerau on the outskirts of Dresden. Hellerau was the home of the craftsmen who worked for the Deutsche Werkstätten für Handwerkskunst. The architecture was based on a holistic concept that sought to bring together everyday life, work, urbanity and nature. Bern's comparable garden city Liebefeld is situated in Köniz on the city's northern boundary.

It was through Fritz Schumacher that the later founders of “Brücke” learnt not only the principles of the new architecture but also freehand drawing and the designing of ornaments. The latter was based on the simplification and stylization of natural forms, one of the essential principles of “Brücke” art. Freehand drawing, on the other hand, served to capture the essence of an object with only a few strokes. From English magazines of the Arts and Crafts Movement – such as “The Studio” – the future “Brücke” artists were able to study the skills of drawing people in motion. These studies led to the development of the typical “Brücke” style, a style that made do with just a few deft strokes of the pencil that seemed to have been simply dashed off but were in actual fact guided by a sure hand. It was in these same magazines that the “Brücke” artists discovered the woodcuts of the Pre-Raphaelites. Both the physical strength and the slowness of working necessitated by the cutting of the wood led not only to a

concentration on essentials but also to an intensive experience with the material itself, an experience the “Brücke” artists conveyed to the viewer by leaving visible in the print the rough structure of wood. This simplification required by the woodcut was also practised in their paintings, resulting in a style of painting that, for the period, was shockingly brutal and primitive. It is precisely here that the paintings of the “Brücke” artists coincide with the French Fauvists' concept of liberating colour from form.

Another discipline that clearly left its mark was interior design, which Schumacher had introduced at the technical university in Dresden. This finds expression in the plain interiors of the “Brücke” artists, in the aesthetic design of their everyday objects – couch, desk, chair, lamps, wall coverings, ornaments and even a tea set with a steaming teapot – all in keeping with the tenets of the Life Reform Movement and also much evidenced in Kirchner's paintings, drawings and photographs in the parallel exhibition. The interior of Kirchner's studio was filled not only with pieces of furniture and household utensils of his own making but also wooden sculptures, his own paintings, murals or wall coverings with exotic motifs reduced to pure ornament. It was these same objects that formed the backgrounds against which he would portray his countless visitors, often in the nude, either dancing or reclining on a couch. They are paintings in which art, the aesthetic design of the interiors and the life that goes on inside them have become an integral, inseparable whole.

The influence of interior design as taught by Schumacher is also manifest in Kirchner's mural for the Sonderbund Chapel in Neuss and in his spirited yet vain attempts at obtaining further commissions of this kind elsewhere, in Essen for example. He succeeded only in realizing the interior decoration of the Sanatorium Kohnstamm in Königstein/Taunus. Only photographs have survived, and these are likewise shown in the parallel exhibition. Other sole surviving photographs show some of Kirchner's folkloric stage designs from his later years in Davos.

The only “Brücke” mural to have survived is Heckel's “Stefan George Room” at the Angermuseum in Erfurt, which Heckel painted in 1922. Heckel himself is quoted as saying that the work on the mural was based on “the erstwhile artists community and the new human community.” Together with Max Pechstein, who studied mural painting under Otto Gussmann, Heckel did the interior designs for the Saxon Palace of the Third German Arts & Crafts Exhibition in Dresden in 1906. According to Schumacher, the aim of this exhibition, which was the starting point for the founding of the Deutscher Werkbund, was to provide an overview of the reform movement's achievements in the field of arts and crafts. Thus it was that the “Brücke” artists were deeply involved in Reform Architecture not only during their time as students but also later as fully fledged artists.

With the exhibition of Kirchner's architectural drawings in the Kunst-Depot, built by the architects Gigon and Guyer, yet another aspect of our theme comes full circle: in Hamburg, where Schumacher was later appointed city architect, Gigon and Guyer were awarded the “Fritz Schumacher Prize” in 2002. It may thus be said, at least with reference to the Kunst- Depot, that the two architects have successfully combined minimalism with local building materials and methods, entirely in the spirit and tradition of Reform Architecture.

Kai Schupke

Text of the 106th exhibition in the gallery Henze & Ketterer, Wichtrach/Bern (September, 6th to November, 22nd 2014).

Additional and saleable works by Ernst Ludwig Kirchner with architectural motifs in his creative period as an artist

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Männliche Figur auf einem Berg (Die Sehnsucht) Trennung (Male figure on a mountain (The longing)) (Divisiveness)

Woodcut, 1905. Dube H 41. Woodcut, 1905. Dube H 47. On chamois imitated Japan. One of 6 known prints of the On light grey heavy laid paper. artist. 19,8 x 20 on 27,6 x 29,2 cm. With the estate stamp One of 6 known prints of the artist. on the verso. Mounted by the artist on a cardboard base 19,8 x 19,6 on 29,5 x 27,5 cm. and on this in ink with the Schiefler No. "61". With the estate stamp on the verso. Item Id: 67351 Item Id: 66280

Comparative illustration Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Strassenecke (Street corner) Historical Photography, around 1925. Menageriestrasse / corner Hohenthalplatz, Dresden. Woodcut, 1905. Dube H 66. © Estate of Bernd Hünlich On chamois laid paper. One of 5 known prints of the artist. Signed on the lower left and inscribed with "Handdruck" on the lower right. 12,8 x 17,8 on 17,1 x 20,6 cm. With the stamp of the artist " Unsaleable E. L. Kirchner" and with the estate stamp on the verso. Mounted by the artist on a cardboard base and inked on it with the Schiefler No. "19". Item Id: 66214

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Comparative illustration An der Berliner Strasse, Dresden (At the Berliner Strasse, Dresden) Historical Photography, around 1925. Woodcut on ribbed chamois handmade paper, 1905. Dube View through Menageriestrasse over Schäferstrasse H 67. from Berliner Strasse, Dresden. 12,7 x 17,6 on 18,5 x 22,5 cm. © Estate of Bernd Hünlich One of 4 known prints of the artist. Signed on the lower left. With the estate stamp on the verso. Item Id: 66300

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Priessnitzbrücke Schuppen am Elbufer (Priessnitz bridge) (Shed on the river bank of the Elbe)

Woodcut, 1906. Dube H 68. Woodcut, 1906. Dube H 76 II. On firm chamois laid paper. One of 5 known prints of the On ribbed chamois handmade paper, mounted on artist. Below right from the brother of the artist inscribed with cardboard. One of 3 known prints of the artist. 18 x 19,7 on "K 335". 12,3 x 13 on 21,8 x 18,6 cm. With the stamp of the 20,3 x 28,2 cm. Numbered in ink and pencil on the verso. brother, Walter Kirchner, on the verso. Item Id: 65545 Item Id: 66321

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Dorfstrasse (mit Spaziergängern) Strasse in Dresden (Village street (with pedestrians)) (Street in Dresden)

Pencil and black chalk, around 1909. Pencil drawing on satin paper, 1910. On brownish paper. 42,5 x 33,8 cm. With the estate stamp 28 x 34 cm. on the verso. With the estate stamp on the verso. Item Id: 67329 Item Id: 66490

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Comparative illustration Strassenbild Dresden (Street scene Dresden) Partial view of a historical postcard from 1905.

Salzgasse with armoury barracks, Old Town Dresden. Woodcut on chamois laid paper, 1905. Dube H 63. 15,9 x 12.7 on 21,7 x 17,3 cm. © Estate of Bernd Hünlich. One of 5 known prints of the artist. Signed on the lower left and inscribed with " Handprint" on the lower right. With the stamp of the artist " Unsaleable E. L. Kirchner" and with the estate stamp onthe verso. Item Id: 66183

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Comparative illustration Sophienkirche Dresden (Church of St. Sophia Dresden) Sophienkirche at the Postplatz in Dresden. Photography around 1910/1920. Pencil, partly wiped, around 1911. On satin buff paper. Today destroyed. Signed in ink on the lower right. 34,3 x 27,4 cm. Titled by the artist and with the estate stamp on the verso. Item Id: 67567

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Comparative illustration Strasse am Stadtpark Schöneberg; Innsbrucker Strasse Ernst Ludwig Kirchner (Street at the city park Schöneberg; Straße am Stadtpark Schöneberg Innsbrucker Street) (Street at the city park Schöneberg) Oil on canvas, 1912/13. Pencil, 1912. Milwaukee Art Museum, USA. On chamois satin paper. 28,4 x 47 cm. With the estate stamp on the verso. Item Id: 67292

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Alte Gasse in Königstein Die Treppe zum Wirtsgarten in Steglitz (Old alley in Königstein) (The stairs to the restaurant garden in Steglitz)

Woodcut, 1916. Dube H 296 II. Pencil, 1911. On light cardboard with embossed stamp "HUBER FRERES On chamois sketchbook sheet with red margin, right corners WINTERTHUR SILK BLOTTING". rounded. 21 x 16 cm. With the estate stamp on the verso. One of 5 prints known so far Item Id: 67276 of the artist. 44 x 33,5 on 58,1 x 43 cm. Item Id: 76652

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Comparative illustration Waldfriedhof (Forest cemetery) Entrance to the forest cemetery Davos.

Watercolour and charcoal, 1935. Today's condition. On light cardboard. 51 x 73 cm. With the estate stamp on the verso. Item Id: 80086

The catalogue was created by Laura Heyer and Elisabeth Schröder, assistants to the management in Riehen.

Galerie Henze & Ketterer & Triebold Riehen/ Basel Zweigstelle der Galerie Henze & Ketterer AG Wichtrach/ Bern Kunst von der klassischen Moderne bis in die Gegenwart Dienstag-Freitag 10 - 12 + 14 - 18 Uhr - Samstag 10 - 16 Uhr