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')5)00&48 `ITL!;;X84?!&'3!0/49&5)!@&2)4!)-&614&2*1'!3)54)&0)0!21!`"LL!;;X84!4).&2*-)!21!;13)4'! IK! ! ! Uyuni Uyuni 1000 1000 3860 3860 3880 3780 38803820 3860 900 3840 900 3840 3800 3760 3840 3820 3820 800 800 3860 3860 3880 3740 3780 38803820 Paleolake Tauca 3,760 masl 3860 3800 3840 3800 3840 700 700 3760 3800 3720 3840 3780 3820 3780 3820 3860 3860 3740 3780 600 3880 600 38803820 3760 3800 37003760 3800 3840 3840 Paleolake3720 Coipasa 3,7003760 masl 3800 500 3780 500 3780 Paleolake Tauca 3,7603820 masl 3680 3820 3860 3700 3740 37803860 400 3720 3760 3800 400 3720 3760 3800 3840 3840 3740 3740 3720 3760 3780 3680 3780 3820 300 3820 300 Paleolake Coipasa 3,700 masl 3660 3700 3740 Precipitation Change (mm/yr) Precipitation Change (mm/yr) Precipitation Change (mm/yr) PrecipitationChange (mm/yr) 3720 3760 PrecipitationChange (mm/yr) 3720 3760 3680 3800 3680 3800 200 3700 3740 200 37003660 37403680 3720 3780 3780 No lake present No lake present ! "# 100 3720 3760 100 3720 3760 at Uyuni 3680 at Uyuni 3680 ! 3660 3660 3700 3740 37003660 3740 0 0 0 −2 −4 −6 −8 −10 0 −2 −4 −6 −8 −10 TemperatureTemperature Change Change (°C) Temperature Change Temperature Change (°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Lake Titicaca 0 3750 3700 3775 3725 3675 3650 −100 -85 meters 3700 3625 3725 -100 meters3675 3650 −200 -150 meters 3625 3600 3675 3650 −300 3600 3625 3575 -200 meters −400 3600 3575 3550 −500 3575 -250 meters 3550 3550 −600 3530 3530 −700 Precipitation Change (mm/yr) −800 3530 No lake present at Titicaca −900 −1000 0 2 4 6 8 10 Temperature Change ! ?*@5)($AB.$/82-$3C29*,@$)(358-3$27$ "S! ! ! E9!7>P;!7;C;7!9;77!;A$7?*(C;72!'?;!)%!7%8;3!=3;$(=()>)(%&.!>&!>C;3>R;!>&&?>7!=3;$(=()>)(%&! %9!S//LY//!00123!+>*!0?$:!>*!@//!00123!7;**!):>&!0%';3&4!(*!&;$;**>32!)%!$3;>);!):;! 7%8!*)>&'!(&'($>);'!G2!):;!*;(*0($!*)?'2!>&'!*;'(0;&)!3;$%3'*5!!! ! 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Lago Grande Lago Huinaimarca Lake Titicaca 3,810 masl Rio Desaguadero Lago Poopó 3,686 masl Salar de Coipasa Rio Laka 3,656 masl Jahuira Salar de Uyuni 3,653 masl Rio Grande ! ?*@5)($Ae.$E1'$27$-C($/()5G*1,KF28*G*1,$M8-*'81,2$3C29*,@$8201-*2,3$27$+1T2)$ CI6)282@*0$7(1-5)(3"$$ ! ! -/B! ! ! ="!"!$DI6)282@I$1,6$08*+1-($ H:;!<7)(=7>&%!(*!$:>3>$);3(^;'!G2!>3('!)%!*;0(L>3('!$7(0>);!$%&'()(%&*.!8():!):;! 0>j%3()2!%9!=3;$(=()>)(%&!9>77(&R!'?3(&R!):;!>?*)3>7!*?00;3!93%0!`;$;0G;3!)%!J>3$:.! >&'!>!7%&R!'32!*;>*%&!7>*)(&R!93%0!<=3(7!)%!m%C;0G;3!+Xfm 3>&R;*!93%0!"//L-.///!00123!(&!):;!&%3):;3&!<7)(=7>&%.!&;>3!O>P;!H()($>$>.!)%!B//L#//! 00123!(&!):;!$;&)3>7!G>*(&.!&;>3!O>R%!T%%=U.!>&'!)%!h-//!00123!(&!):;!*%?):;3&! <7)(=7>&%.!(&!):;!C($(&()2!%9!):;!X>7>3!';!V2?&(5!J;>&!>&&?>7!);0=;3>)?3;*!3>&R;!93%0! -/!MN!(&!):;!&%3):.!S!MN!(&!):;!$;&)3>7!3;R(%&.!>&'!7;**!):>&!#!MN!(&!):;!*%?):.!8():!>!0;>&! >&&?>7!C>3(>)(%&!%9!,Z!MN5!!H:;!);0=;3>)?3;!0>A(0?0*!9>77!'?3(&R!e$)%G;3Lm%C;0G;3! 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Lake Titicaca 3,810 masl 87Sr/86Sr 0.70822 Rio Desaguadero 87Sr/86Sr 0.7084-0.7104 Paleolake Tauca 3,760 masl Paleolake Minchin 3,700-3,720 masl Rio Grande 87Sr/86Sr 0.70971 Lago Poopo 3,686 masl 87Sr/86Sr 0.72412 Laka Jahuira hydrologic divide ~3,700 masl Salar de Coipasa Salar de Uyuni 3,656 masl 3,656 masl ! ?*@5)($!R.$:2,@*-56*,18$')27*8($27$-C($F28*G*1,$M8-*'81,2$3C29*,@$8201-*2,3$ 1,6$(8(G1-*2,3$27$:1;($<*-*01014$:1@2$/22'f4$-C($b181)3$6($L2*'131$1,6$dI5,*4$13$9(88$ 13$-C($:1;1$g1C5*)1$CI6)282@*0$6*G*6($H(-9((,$:1@2$/22'f$1,6$-C($b181)$6($L2*'131"$$ /18(281;(3$<1501$U=4BhR$+138]$1,6$E*,0C*,$U=4BRRJ=4B!R$+138]$1)($*,6*01-(6$HI$613C(6$ 8*,(3"$$b-)2,-*5+$*32-2'*0$02+'23*-*2,3$72)$G1)*253$8201-*2,3$)('2)-(6$HI$\)2G($(-$18"4$ !RR="$i()-*018$(&1@@()1-*2,$*3$PQhR&"$ O(P;8(*;.!'?3(&R!=3%7%&R;'!8;)!=:>*;*.!:(R:;3!7%$>7!3?&%99!$%0G(&;'!8():!;&:>&$;'! 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ZZ!0!+c!S/!P>4!(&'($>);!>!t=7>2>!7>P;*u!=:>*;5!! ! ="!"=$b-)2,-*5+$*32-2'(3$ "DX31"SX3!C>3(>G(7()2!(&!*?39>$;!8>);3!%9!>!R(C;&!:2'3%7%R($!*2*);0.!*?$:!>*!):;! <7)(=7>&%.!(*!):;!=3%'?$)!%9!0(A(&R!G;)8;;&!0?7)(=7;!*)3%&)(?0!*%?3$;*.!):3%?R:! 3(C;3(&;!(&=?).!93%0!R;%7%R($>7!3;R(0;*!%9!'(99;3(&R!X3!(*%)%=($!$%0=%*()(%&5!!H:;3;9%3;.! -/S! ! ! Lago Grande Lago Grande Lago Huinaimarca Lago Huinaimarca Lake Titicaca Lake Titicaca 3,810 masl 3,810 masl Rio Desaguadero Rio Desaguadero Lago Poopó Lago Poopó 3,686 masl 3,686 masl Salar de Coipasa Rio Laka Salar de Coipasa Rio Laka 3,656 masl Jahuira 3,656 masl Jahuira "#$ ! 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""1! ! ! !"#$%&'(&)*+,-*./0&.1,*,2.3&4"*"&5,+&6"$.*%&"-4&3"+#,-"*%&1"02$%17&& Table 1 Sr isotopic data depth (m) age (yr BP) description 87Sr/86Sr depth (m) age (yr BP) description 87Sr/86Sr 2.23 5,135 halite 0.708504 48.44 61,394 halite 0.708518 2.50 5,731 halite 0.708558 48.55 61,496 halite 0.708236 3.30 7,466 halite 0.708544 50.50 63,340 halite 0.708226 4.00 8,947 halite 0.708532 52.15 64,966 halite 0.708242 4.35 9,675 halite 0.708591 53.21 66,046 halite 0.708251 5.47 11,945 halite 0.708532 55.20 68,160 carbonate 0.708631 8.30 17,312 halite 0.708749 55.22 68,182 carbonate 0.708391 9.95 20,209 halite 0.708839 57.20 70,409 halite 0.708131 12.55 24,454 carbonate 0.708900 62.65 77,305 carbonate 0.708306 13.35 25,685 carbonate 0.708878 69.60 88,135 halite 0.708341 13.55 25,988 carbonate 0.708901 70.72 90,134 halite 0.708380 15.50 28,834 halite 0.708899 71.25 91,107 carbonate 0.708321 16.40 30,086 halite 0.708882 77.05 102,985 halite 0.708563 ""# 21.90 36,984 halite 0.708769 80.35 110,844 halite 0.708455 ! 33.90 48,829 halite 0.708789 82.50 116,437 halite 0.708354 34.00 48,916 halite 0.708858 89.20 136,499 carbonate 0.708409 35.05 49,827 halite 0.708827 103.95 197,188 carbonate 0.708490 36.73 51,265 carbonate 0.708837 112.80 246,609 halite 0.708274 37.62 52,020 halite 0.708774 139.35 469,038 halite 0.708242 37.70 52,088 halite 0.708774 149.05 583,309 carbonate 0.708314 37.75 52,130 halite 0.708768 160.35 742,448 halite 0.707999 40.80 54,705 halite 0.708742 161.55 761,102 carbonate 0.708488 41.44 55,247 halite 0.708733 167.00 850,283 halite 0.708102 43.10 56,661 carbonate 0.708774 167.55 859,696 carbonate 0.708292 46.35 59,497 halite 0.708674 176.65 1,026,894 halite 0.707936 47.70 60,714 halite 0.708711 48.00 60,989 halite 0.708211 Sr isotopic data for carbonate and halite samples in the core from the Salar de Uyuni (Baker et al., 2001b). ! ! $%&!'()*)!()+&!,-).&!/,!(&,,!0)1/2.&3/45!423,/,-&3-!6/-%!(&,,!320-%&03!/3'7-5!)31! -%&!.0&)-!()+&,!'%),&!/,!820&!0)1/2.&3/45!423,/,-&3-!6/-%!/340&),&1!4233&4-/23!29!-%&! :22';<=2/'),)<>*73/!?),/3,5!),!6&((!),!.0&)-&0!4233&4-/23,!6/-%!@)+&!$/-/4)4)A!!B0! /,2-2'/4!428'2,/-/23,!/3!-%&!420&!9028!-%&!B)()0!1&!>*73/!12!32-!'2/3-!-2!)!,'&4/9/4! 128/3)3-!,2704&!920!B0!170/3.!'&0/21,!29!()+&!&C')3,/235!0)-%&0!#DB0E#FB0!170/3.!-%&!.0&)-! 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