PROGRAM & PROCEEDINGS of the

67th ANNUAL MEETING of the SOUTHWESTERN BRANCH of the ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA

and the ANNUAL MEETING of the SOCIETY OF SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGISTS

April 14–18, 2019 Hyatt Regency Tulsa Tulsa, Oklahoma

Cover photo credit: Raymond James Financial SPONSORS

We thank the following people and organizations for their generous donations in support of the Insect Expo and other functions of the 2019 SWB-ESA meeting. PLATINUM

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STUDENT AWARDS Table of Contents

SPONSORS (opposite) Table of Contents 3 MEETING INFORMATION 2 PROGRAM INFORMATION 3 2018-2019 Executive Committee...... 3 2018-2019 Committees...... 3 Past-Presidents & Chairmen of the Southwestern Branch...... 5 AWARDS 6 SCHEDULE 9 Plenary Session Tuesday, April 16, Morning. . . .9 Program Summary...... 9 ORAL & POSTER PRESENTATION SCHEDULE 13 Tuesday, April 16, Posters...... 13 Tuesday, April 16, Morning...... 16 Tuesday, April 16, Afternoon...... 18 Tuesday, April 16, Evening ...... 19 Wednesday, April 17, Posters...... 20 Wednesday, April 17, Morning...... 21 Wednesday, April 17, Afternoon...... 23

ORAL ABSTRACTS, 1-1 — 10-5 24

POSTER ABSTRACTS, P1-1 — P4-15 44

INDICES 59 Author Index...... 59 Common Name Index...... 62 Scientific Name Index...... 63

HYATT REGENCY TULSA FLOOR PLAN (inside back cover)

1 Meeting Information Meeting Information

REGISTRATION: POSTER PRESENTATION INFORMATION: All persons attending the meetings or participating in the Poster Size: Poster must be contained within the 46 × 46 program must register. On-site registration fees for the inch (117 × 117 cm) space provided. The poster must NOT meeting are: exceed the size limit. Full meeting Set Up: Your poster must be displayed at your assigned Active ESA member . . . . . $225 space in the Tulsa Ballroom North the night before (i.e., Student ESA member. . . . . $90 either Monday or Tuesday, 6:00 – 8:00 PM) your poster is scheduled. Bring your own Velcro strips to secure your Honorary/Emeritus...... $60 display to the poster board. Non-member...... $275 Author Presence: All Student competitors are to stand Meeting Information Spouse/Guest...... $65 next to their posters during designated BREAK time One day registration. . . . . $125 on Tuesday, April 16th. Regular member presenters The full-meeting fee includes admission to all functions, should similarly be present at their posters during desig- including the banquet. nated BREAK time on Wednesday, April 17th.

HOTEL LOCATION: ESA CERTIFICATION BOARD INFORMATION: The Hyatt Regency Tulsa is located at 100 East Second Information regarding the ESA Certification Board is avail- Street Tulsa, OK 74103 able at the Registration Desk. (918) 234-1234. JOB OPPORTUNITY BOARD: TRAVEL INFORMATION: The Student Affairs Committee will host a Job Opportu- The Tulsa International Airport is located at 7777 E nities Board during the meeting. Employers are en- Apache St, Tulsa, OK 74115, about 10 miles from the couraged to post copies of available opportunities for hotel. Complimentary shuttle service is available to and prospective students. Prospective employees/students from the airport by calling the hotel. should bring multiple copies of CV or résumé to the Board for review by potential employers. Volunteers operating the Board will serve as liaisons to arrange PROGRAM SCHEDULE AND MODERATORS: interviews if needed. The Job Opportunities Board will be Speakers are limited to the time indicated in the schedule, located in the Executive Room, Second Floor along with and moderators have the responsibility and authority to the presentation upload and silent auction. enforce restricting time to that in the schedule. Speakers should have their presentations uploaded in the Presen- LOST AND FOUND: tation Upload room no later than the evening before their presentation. Moderators should visit the Presentation Articles should be turned in or reported to the Registra- Upload room to sign in before their assigned session and tion Desk or hotel main desk. obtain speaker presentation files for the session. Moder- ators will upload all speaker files onto the A/V equipment MESSAGES: in the meeting room. A message board is at the Registration Desk.

AUDIOVISUAL & UPLOAD of PRESENTATIONS: CODE OF CONDUCT ONLY digital projectors with computers will be pro- By attending the 2019 Southwestern Branch Annual vided for oral presentations. Speakers must submit Meeting, you agree voluntarily to abide by our ethics poli- their presentations as Power Point files to the Upload / cy. The full policy may be found online at entsoc.org/con- Presentation Preview Room one day before the session duct. If you need to file a complaint, please contact Rosina during which they will present. The Presentation Upload Romano at [email protected], 301-731-4535 x3010. & Preview area will be located in the Executive Room and will be open during the following hours: Monday, April 15...... 3:00 PM – 5:00 PM Tuesday, April 16...... 7:00 AM – 5:00 PM

2 Program Information Program Information Program Information

CERTIFICATION BOARD Entomological Society Of America Wizzie Brown Southwestern Branch BRANCH ARCHIVIST Gregory Cronholm 2018-2019 Executive Committee FRIENDS OF THE SOUTHWESTERN BRANCH Eric Rebek, President COMMITTEE [email protected] Molly Keck (Chair) Eric Rebek Justin Talley, Past-President [email protected] Scott Ludwig Andrine Shufran Molly Keck, Vice President [email protected] IN MEMORIAM COMMITTEE Wyatt Hoback, Secretary Phillip G. Mulder, Jr. (Chair) [email protected] Edmond Bonjour Wizzie Brown, Secretary-elect Jim Woolley [email protected] David Thompson Allen Dean Ed Bynum, Treasurer [email protected] INSECT DETECTION, EVALUATION, AND Jesus Esquivel, PREDICTION COMMITTEE Representative to the ESA Governing Board Carol Sutherland (Chair) [email protected] Charlie Konemann

INSECT EXPO COMMITTEE Andrine Shufran (Chair) 2018-2019 Committees Wizzie Brown Molly Keck Phillip G. Mulder, Jr. AUDIT COMMITTEE Mo Way Scott Armstrong (Chair) Mickey Eubanks LINNAEAN GAMES COMMITTEE Bruce Noden Scott Bundy (Chair) Eric Rebek (Gamesmaster) AWARDS AND HONORS COMMITTEE Cheri Abraham Sonja Swiger (Chair) Wyatt Hoback Jesus Esquivel Adam Mitchell Kristopher Giles Juliana Rangel Posada Alvaro Romero Alvaro Romero Ken McPherson Bonnie Pendleton Laura Weiser-Erlandson Sergio Sanchez-Pena LOCAL ARRANGEMENTS COMMITTEE Astri Wayadande Edmond Bonjour (Co-chair) Robert Puckett Ali Zarrabi (Co-chair)

3 Program Information

2018-2019 Committees …continued

MEMBERSHIP COMMITTEE YOUTH SCIENCE COMMITTEE Justin Talley (Chair) Mo Way (Chair) Manuel Campos Wizzie Brown Jesus Esquivel Molly Keck Bill Ree Bonnie Pendleton Sergio Sanchez-Pena Jane Pierce Astri Wayadande Andrine Shufran

Program Information NOMINATING COMMITTEE COMMITTEE ON DIVERSITY AND INCLUSION Justin Talley (Chair) Alvaro Romero (Chair) Eric Rebek Carlos Bogran EARLY CAREER PROFESSIONALS COMMITTEE Jerry Michels Tracey Payton Miller (Chair) Ed Bynum EDUCATION AND OUTREACH COMMITTEE PROGRAM COMMITTEE Wyatt Hoback (Chair) Wizzie Brown (Co-Chair) Andrine Shufran Sonja Swiger (Co-Chair) Molly Keck Wizzie Brown SITE SELECTION COMMITTEE Wyatt Hoback (Chair) SCIENCE POLICY CAPABILITY COMMITTEE Molly Keck Kristopher Giles (Chair) Eric Rebek Justin Talley STUDENT AFFAIRS COMMITTEE Jocelyn Holt (Chair) STUDENT RESEARCH PAPER AND Jacob Farriester POSTER AWARDS COMMITTEE Fabian List Bonnie Pendleton (Chair) Karen Poh Ali A. Zarrabi Tyler Raznick Suhas Vyavhare Jeffrey Yung Brandon Smythe Tom Royer Eric Rebek Jane Pierce Bob Davis Scott Bundy Joni Blunt Justin Talley

4 Program Information

Past-Presidents and Chairmen of the

Southwestern Branch Program Information

President . . . . Year . . .Meeting Location James R. Coppedge. . 1982-83. . . Corpus Christi, TX Justin Talley. . . . . 2017-18. . . Albuquerque, NM Bill C. Clymer. . . . . 1981-82. . . El Paso, TX Carlos Bográn. . . . 2016-17. . . Austin, TX Horace W. VanCleave. 1980-81. . . San Antonio, TX Jerry Michels. . . . . 2015-16. . . Tyler, TX Robert L. Harris . . . 1979-80. . . Brownsville, TX Bob Davis...... 2014-15. . . Tulsa (Catoosa), OK Jimmy K. Olson . . . 1978-79. . . Houston, TX Jesus Esquivel. . . . 2013-14. . . San Antonio, TX J. Pat Boyd . . . . . 1977-78. . . Lubbock, TX Scott Bundy. . . . . 2012-13. . . Las Cruces, NM Robert A. Hoffman . . 1976-77. . . Guadalajara, Mexico Allen Knutson. . . . 2011-12. . . Little Rock, AR Weldon H. Newton . . 1975-76. . . Oklahoma City, OK Tom Royer...... 2010-11. . . Amarillo, TX Harry L. McMenemy . 1974-75. . . El Paso, TX Carlos Blanco . . . . 2009-10 . . . Cancun, Mexico Roger O. Drummond . 1973-74. . . Dallas, TX Bonnie Pendleton. . . 2008-09. . . Stillwater, OK Dieter S. Enkerlin . . . 1972-73. . . San Antonio, TX Greg Cronholm. . . . 2007-08 . . . Ft. Worth, TX Stanley Coppock . . . 1971-72. . . Mexico City, Mexico David Thompson . . . 2006-07 . . . Corpus Christi, TX Bart Drees...... 2005-06. . . Austin, TX Chairman . . . .Year. . . .Meeting Location Phil Mulder . . . . . 2004-05. . . Albuquerque, NM C.A. King, Jr...... 1970-71. . . El Paso, TX John D. Burd . . . . . 2003-04 . . . Lubbock, TX Ted McGregor . . . . 1969-70 . . . Brownsville, TX Terry Mize...... 2002-03. . . Oklahoma City, OK Neal M. Randolph . . 1968-69 . . . Dallas, TX W. Pat Morrison . . . 2001-02 . . . Guanajuato, Mexico Walter McGregor . . . 1967-68. . . Oklahoma City, OK Jim Reinert...... 2000-01 . . . San Antonio, TX Harvey L. Chada . . . 1966-67. . . San Antonio, TX James A. Webster. . . 1999-00. . . Ft. Worth, TX R.L. Hanna . . . . . 1965-66. . . El Paso, TX Carol Sutherland. . . 1998-99. . . Las Cruces, NM H.E. Meadows . . . . 1964-65. . . Austin, TX Ann Weise...... 1997-98. . . Corpus Christi, TX Dial E. Martin . . . . 1963-64. . . Monterrey, Mexico Pete Lingren . . . . . 1996-97. . . Oklahoma City, OK Manning A. Price . . . 1962-63. . . Houston, TX Charles L. Cole . . . . 1995-96 . . . Austin, TX Sherman W. Clark . . 1961-62. . . Oklahoma City, OK J. Terry Pitts. . . . . 1994-95. . . Dallas, TX O.H. Graham . . . . 1960-61 . . . San Antonio, TX Sidney E. Kunz. . . . 1993-94. . . Monterrey, Mexico Clyde A. Bower . . . 1959-60. . . El Paso, TX John G. Thomas. . . . 1992-93. . . Albuquerque, NM Paul Gregg . . . . . 1958-59. . . Dallas, TX Don Bull...... 1991-92. . . Tulsa, OK C.R. Parencia . . . . 1957-58. . . Houston, TX Aithel McMahon. . . 1990-91 . . . College Station, TX J.C. Gaines . . . . . 1956-57. . . San Antonio, TX Russel E. Wright . . . 1989-90. . . San Antonio, TX D.C. Earley . . . . . 1955-56. . . Ft. Worth, TX Joyce Devaney. . . . 1988-89. . . El Paso, TX John M. Landrum . . . 1954-55. . . Houston, TX Russ Andress. . . . . 1987-88. . . Dallas, TX D.E. Howell . . . . . 1953-54 . . . Dallas, TX Don Rummel. . . . . 1986-87. . . Austin, TX P.J. Reno ...... 1952-53. . . Galveston, TX John E. George . . . . 1985-86 . . . Monterrey, Mexico R.C. Bushland . . . . 1951-52. . . San Antonio, TX Paul D. Sterling. . . . 1984-85 . . . San Antonio, TX H.G. Johnston* . . . 1950-51. . . Dallas, TX H. Grant Kinzer. . . . 1983-84. . . Oklahoma City, OK * Southwestern Branch, American Association of Economic Entomologists

5 Awards AWARDS Southwestern Branch Student Awards

Undergraduate

Awards John Henry Student Comstock Achievement in Graduate Student Entomology Award Award Victoria Pickens Jocelyn Holt Oklahoma State Texas A & M University University

Jocelyn R. Holt’s research is increasing our understanding Victoria Pickens was raised in Sand Springs, Oklahoma of the interplay between genetics and insect mutualisms and graduated from the Oklahoma School of Science in invasive species. She is assessing the role insect and Mathematics. Aside from school, the majority of her microbiomes play in mediating mutualisms among insects. life was spent atop the back of a horse chasing around Her research has revealed microbial differences between cattle and competing in local, state, regional, and national sugarcane aphids (SCA) that seem to correspond to competitions. Originally planning to be a pre-vet student, genetic differences of sorghum or sugarcane populations. Victoria immediately switched to entomology bioforensic She is also investigating whether these genetically distinct option after hearing, Dr. Phil Mulder, give a presentation SCA populations differ in their attractiveness to ants and at freshman orientation. From there, her newly discovered is examining the fine-scale genetic structure of the tawny passion for six-legged creatures only grew. She began as crazy ant to inform future integrated pest management. a Freshman Research Scholar, conducting research on Jocelyn was born in California, where she completed a flies and forensic decomposition, and gradually continued B.S. in Biology at Cal Poly Pomona and a M.S. in Biology to study flies throughout her undergraduate career. In at CSUN. She received a Graduate Diversity Excellence her junior year, she was a Niblack Research Scholar and Fellowship and a Lechner Excellence Fellowship to attend conducted research on the microbiome of flies. She has Texas A&M where she is currently a PhD candidate. She since moved to other insect vector studies in relation to is committed to increasing diversity in academia and to mosquitoes and ticks. She has won the Undergraduate facilitating the retention of women in STEM fields; seen 10-minute Presentation Competition at the Entomological by her participation in the ESA Student Affairs Committee, Society of America regional meeting for the past two Aggie Women in Entomology, LAUNCH Program and TAMU years, and recently placed second at the national meeting WISE. She fosters the next generation of scientists through for entomology in the Undergraduate Poster competition teaching and mentorship of undergraduate researchers. in Vancouver, Canada. After graduation, she plans to Jocelyn’s research and service exemplify her passion for study insect microbe interactions in graduate school and entomology and science advocacy. continue research in medical and veterinary entomology.

6 Awards Southwestern Branch Student Early Care Professional Awards, cont’d Award Awards Percival Scientific Undergraduate Entomology ESA Excellence in Student Activity Early Career Award Award

Liam Whiteman Brandon Smythe Oklahoma State New Mexico State University University

Mr. Liam Whiteman is pursuing a B.S. in Entomology Dr. Brandon Smythe is a veterinary entomologist that from Oklahoma State University (OSU) and anticipates is a Research Assistant Professor at New Mexico State graduation is May, 2020. He is active in research and University. He is currently the program manager for the received the Niblack Scholarship, OSU’s highest scholarship Veterinary Entomology Research Laboratory within the for undergraduate research. He studies mosquito Center for Animal Health and Food Safety. oviposition and community assemblages and worked as an intern in 2018 with the Bureau of Reclamation doing He has been successful in his early career not only as endangered species surveys. He is an active member of an early career professional but also as a PhD student the Entomological Society of America and has presented, who was promoted to his current position while working played on the OSU Linnaean Games team and volunteered towards his degree. During this time, he has garnered for the Insect Expo. In his community, he visits assisted more than $1 million in contracted research and has living homes where he reads to the residents and tells advised undergraduate as well as graduate students. His stories related to entomology. Liam plans to pursue an supervision over students in conjunction with his work advanced degree and work with endangered species and has resulted in 7 peer reviewed publications and over habitat conservation after graduation. 25 technical reports for industry. Dr. Smythe’s research has focused on biting fly ecology and pest management within animal production systems. He has established a successful program in veterinarian pharmaceutical parasiticide development. This type of research focuses on proprietary information but Dr. Smythe has been innovative in incorporating original research that answers important questions related to veterinary entomology while conducting these confidential research trials. Dr. Smythe grew up around the Las Cruces, NM area and is married with children.

7 Awards Southwestern Branch Nominations for ESA Professional Awards

Awards ESA Distinguished ESA Award for Achievement Excellence in Award in Teaching Integrated Pest Management Rupesh Kariyat University of Texas Rio Michael Brewer Grande Valley Texas A & M University

Dr. Rupesh Kariyat is an Assistant Professor in the Biology Dr. Brewer holds a field crops entomology position at Department of the University of Texas Rio Grande Texas A&M with expectation to conduct research that leads Valley (UTRGV). He teaches undergraduate courses to the development, demonstration, and implementation in entomology and ecology, and a graduate course on of IPM tools in plant production systems. He obtained insect-plant-microbial interactions. Dr. Kariyat’s research his Ph.D. from University of California, Riverside campus. program focuses on chemical ecology of herbivore- He is stationed at a Research and Extension Center in pollinator interactions in domesticated and natural Corpus Christi, and currently is major professor of five ecosystems. Dr. Kariyat is originally from India, and Ph.D. students. His areas of interest are in applied insect moved to the United States after completing B.S. in ecology of plant-herbivore-natural enemy interactions as agricultural sciences. His graduate work was focused on moderated by environmental and landscape influences, pollination biology in alfalfa (M.S., University of Wyoming), and in development of efficient and sustainable insect and plant-herbivore-pollinator interactions in weeds (Ph.D., pest management. He enjoys the challenge of transitioning Pennsylvania State University). Dr. Kariyat then moved to research into application, while demonstrating how Switzerland (ETH Zurich) as a Postdoctoral Scholar in the application-focused research can move our science laboratory of Consuelo De Moraes and Mark Mescher and forward. This approach has most recently been applied to continued work on insect-plant interactions, focusing on his work on sugarcane aphid on sorghum, in collaboration plant defense and herbivore counter defenses. He has with USDA ARS, 5 Land-grant Universities, private been an ESA member since graduate school, and have companies, and grower associations. He has published 89 given talks at branch and national meetings, organized peer-reviewed journal articles in national and international and participated in symposia, and received awards and journals. He is active in the Entomological Society of program enhancement funds. In addition, he has also America and has served as subject editor of the Journal of been involved with ESA educational and outreach activities, Economic Entomology since 2002. and at UTRGV, he recently received a grant to kick start an insect collection for teaching entomology. More details about his lab can be found at https://phenotype2017. wixsite.com/kariyatlab

8 Schedule: Plenary Session

Plenary Session Schedule Schedule: Plenary Session

TUESDAY, APRIL 16, 2019, MORNING

Promenade Salon D, Second Floor (Hyatt Regency Tulsa)

8:00 am Welcome and Call to Order 9:10 am Entomological Foundation Update Eric Rebek, President, Southwestern Branch Andrine Shufran, Board of Counselors ESA 9:20 am Board Certified Entomologists Report 8:10 am Welcome from the Society of Southwestern Wizzie Brown, SWB Representative to ESA Entomologist Manuel Campos, President, Society of 9:25 am In Memoriam Committee Report Southwestern Entomologists Phil Mulder, Chair 8:20 am ESA Presidential Address 9:45 am Nominating Committee Report Robert Peterson, ESA President Justin Talley, Chair 8:50 am ESA Society Update 9:55 am Local Arrangement Announcement David Gammel, Executive Director of ESA Edmond Bonjour & Ali Zarrabi, Local Arrangement Co- Chairs 9:00 am Governing Board Update Jesus Esquivel, Representative to the ESA Program Announcements Governing Board Wizzie Brown & Sonja Swiger, Program Co- Chairs 10:05 am Break

Program Summary

SUNDAY, APRIL 14, 2019 Program Time Location

Southwestern Branch Executive Committee Meeting 3:00 PM - 5:00 PM Boardroom 304

MONDAY, APRIL 15, 2019 Program Time Location

Insect Expo 9:00 AM - 1:00 PM Promenade Ballroom, Second Floor

Meeting Registration 1:00 PM - 5:00 PM Foyer, Second Floor

Society of Southwestern Entomologists 2:00 PM - 3:30 PM Goodman Room, Second Floor Executive Committee Meeting

Presentation Upload & Preview Room 3:00 PM - 5:00 PM Executive Room, Second Floor

Society of Southwestern Entomologists 4:00 PM - 5:00 PM Promenade Salon A, Second Floor General Membership Meeting

Welcome Reception 5:00 PM - 7:00 PM Oklahoma Ballroom, First Floor

Student Competition Poster Set-Up 6:00 PM - 8:00 PM Tulsa Ballroom North, First Floor

Trece Reception *Invitation Only* 7:00 PM - 10:00 PM Promenade Salon A, Second Floor

Student Affairs Committee Meeting / Photo Salon Judging 8:00 PM - 10:00 PM Director’s Row 3, Second Floor

9 Schedule: Summary

TUESDAY, APRIL 16, 2019 Program Time Location

Meeting Registration 7:00 AM - 3:00 PM Foyer, Second Floor

Presentation Upload & Preview Room 7:00 AM - 5:00 PM Executive Room, Second Floor

Silent Auction 7:00 AM - 5:00 PM Executive Room, Second Floor

Plenary Session 8:00 AM - 10:00 AM Promenade Salon D, Second Floor

Student Poster Competition: Undergraduate 8:00 AM - 4:00 PM Tulsa Ballroom North, First Floor

Student Poster Competition: Master’s 8:00 AM - 4:00 PM Tulsa Ballroom North, First Floor

Student Poster Competition: Ph.D 8:00 AM - 4:00 PM Tulsa Ballroom North, First Floor Schedule: Summary Break 10:00 AM - 10:20 AM Tulsa Ballroom North, First Floor

Student Ten Minute Paper Competition: Undergraduate 10:20 AM - 1:35 PM Promenade Salon A, Second Floor

Student Ten Minute Paper Competition: Ph.D 10:20 AM - 1:55 PM Promenade Salon B, Second Floor

Student Ten Minute Paper Competition: Master’s 1:35 PM - 2:35 PM Promenade Salon A, Second Floor

Break 2:30 PM - 2:50 PM Tulsa Ballroom North, First Floor

Regular Ten Minute Paper Session Tuesday 3:00 PM - 5:00 PM Promenade Salon B, Second Floor

Student Competition Poster Removal 4:00 PM - 6:00 PM Tulsa Ballroom North, First Floor

Linnaean Games - Preliminary Round 5:00 PM - 7:00 PM Promenade Salon C, Second Floor

Regular Posters Set-up 6:00 PM - 8:00 PM Tulsa Ballroom North, First Floor

TAMU entomology faculty and professional 6:00 PM - 7:30 PM Goodman Room, Second Floor staff exchange and updates

Student Reception 7:00 PM - 10:00 PM Tulsa Ballroom Central, First Floor

Student Three-Minute Presentations 7:30 PM - 10:00 PM Tulsa Ballroom Central, First Floor

10 Schedule: Summary

WEDNESDAY, APRIL 17, 2019 Program Time Location Schedule: Summary

Meeting Registration 7:00 AM - 3:00 PM Foyer, Second Floor

Silent Auction 7:00 AM - 2:30 PM Executive Room, Second Floor

Innovations in Entomology Education 8:00 AM - 9:55 AM Promenade Salon B, Second Floor

Current Research & Extension Topics in Urban & 8:00 AM - 11:30 AM Promenade Salon A, Second Floor Landscape Entomology in the Southwestern US

Regular poster session 8:00 AM - 5:00 PM Tulsa Ballroom North, First Floor

Break 10:00 AM - 10:20 AM Tulsa Ballroom North, First Floor

Regular Ten Minute Paper Session Wednesday 10:20 AM - 12:00 PM Promenade Salon B, Second Floor

Blood Feeding Arthropods of Veterinary and 1:00 PM - 5:00 PM Promenade Salon A, Second Floor Medical Importance: Sharing Discoveries on Surveillance, Biology and Control

Skills for Women Navigating Their Early Careers 1:00 PM - 5:00 PM Promenade Salon B, Second Floor

Break 2:30 PM - 2:50 PM Tulsa Ballroom North, First Floor

Linnaean Games - Final Round 5:00 PM - 7:00 PM Promenade Salon C, Second Floor

Regular Poster Removal 5:00 PM - 7:00 PM Tulsa Ballroom North, First Floor

Awards Banquet and Final Business Meeting 7:30 PM - 10:00 PM Tulsa Ballroom South, First Floor

THURSDAY, APRIL 18, 2019 Program Time Location

Southwestern Branch Executive Committee Meeting 8:00 AM - 10:00 AM Boardroom 304

11 Notes

12  Poster P1-1— P1-12 PRESENTATIONS: Tuesday Posters Oral & Poster Presentation Schedule

P1-6 Host plant and native pollinator TUESDAY, APRIL 16, 2019, relationships in an urban ecosystem. POSTERS Haley Vincze ([email protected]), Tarleton State Univ., Wylie, TX P1-7 Aphid, parasitoid and Student Poster Competition: hyperparasitoid populations in Undergraduate / 8:00 AM-4:00 PM different cole crops in the field. Criselda Aranda-Ramirez ([email protected]), Francisco Tulsa Ballroom North, First Floor Lopez-Monzon and Sergio Sánchez-Peña, P1-1 Standardizing in-vitro procedures Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio used to determine efficacy of Narro, Saltillo, CU, Mexico insecticidal feed-through products P1-8 Development of fall armyworm against filth flies. larvae on grass, dry beans, peppers Ramon Zepeda ([email protected]) and and potato in the laboratory. Brandon Smythe, New Mexico State Univ., Rosadelia Roblero-Gonzalez Las Cruces, NM ([email protected]), Patsy P1-2 Evaluation of the temperature Guerrero-Espinoza and Sergio Sánchez- Tuesday Posters tolerance of the predatory Peña, Universidad Autónoma Agraria mite Stratiolaelaps scimitus for Antonio Narro, Saltillo, CU, Mexico biological control of the honey P1-9 A comparison of a degree day model bee ectoparasitic mite Varroa for pecan nut casebearer (Acrobasis destructor. nuxvorella Neunzig) to historical data Travis Trimm (travistrimm501@gmail. in Mesilla Valley, New Mexico. com), Ellie Chapkin, Betty Hernandez and Jeanette Castañon ([email protected]), Juliana Rangel, Texas A&M Univ., College Larry Blackwell and Dave Thompson, New Station, TX Mexico State Univ., Las Cruces, NM P1-3 Mite”y” Kibbles: Grain mite P1-10 Neonicotinoid insecticide resistance populations increase on test formula in populations of the potato psyllid of dog food. (Bactericera cockerelli) across Texas Brandon Henriquez (brandon. (and beyond). [email protected]), Ankur Limaje Kristyne Varela (kristyne.varela@ and W. Wyatt Hoback, Oklahoma State ag.tamu.edu)1 and Adrianna Szczepaniec2, Univ., Stillwater, OK 1Texas A&M AgriLife, Bushland, TX, 2Texas P1-4 Masonry insect preference A&M AgriLife Research, Amarillo, TX in diameter for nesting sites P1-11 A pre-assessment of entomological at Tarleton State University, knowledge and student fears. Stephenville. Jonathan Harris (jonathan.harris10@ John Garcia ([email protected]. okstate.edu) and W. Wyatt Hoback, edu), John Montoya, Adam Mitchell and Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater, OK David H. Kattes, Tarleton State Univ., Stephenville, TX P1-12 Above or below: How culverts affect aquatic macroinvertebrate activity P1-5 Solids versus Stripes: Predatory in Oklahoma streams. Hemipteran (Platymeris biguttatus) Rayne Key ([email protected]), response to normal and artificially Melissa Reed and W. Wyatt Hoback, colored aposematic prey (Tenebrio Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater, OK molitor). Leon Tan ([email protected]) and W. Wyatt Hoback, Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater, OK

13 PRESENTATIONS: Tuesday Posters Poster P2-1— P2-9 

P2-5 Intestinal proteolytic activity Student Poster Competition: of Anticarsia gemmatalis (Hübner) Master’s / 8:00 AM-4:00 PM (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Julieta Hernandez-Mejia1, Rogelio 1 Tulsa Ballroom North, First Floor Pérez-Ramírez , Reyna Torres-Acosta ([email protected])2, P2-1 A layered approach to IPM of Jorge Torres-Castillo3, Miguel García- Spodoptera: Insecticidal residues do Delgado3 and Ludivina Barrientos- not reduce parasitism of Telenomus Lozano1, 1Tecnológico Nacional de parasitoids. México, Victoria, TM, Mexico, 2Universidad Leonardo Vieira Santos (leonardo. Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Mante, TM, [email protected])1, W. Wyatt Mexico, 3Universidad Autónoma de Hoback1, Regiane Cristina Oliveira de Tamaulipas, Victoria, TM, Mexico Freitas Bueno2, Jean Carlo do Prado2, P2-6 Entomochemicals and antioxidants Lucas Moraes Santos2 and Daniel de from the central American locust Lima Alvarez2, 1Oklahoma State Univ., (Schistocerca piceifrons piceifrons, Stillwater, OK, 2Universidade Estadual Walker). Paulista, Botucatu, Brazil Rogelio Perez-Ramirez (rogelio.1991@ P2-2 Comparative Gene Expression yahoo.com)1, Ludivina Barrientos-Lozano1 and Upregulation of Possible and Jorge Torres-Castillo2, 1Tecnológico Antimicrobial Peptide-Producing Nacional de México, Victoria, TM, Mexico, Genes of Nicrophorus orbicollis and 2Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Nicrophorus pustulatus. Victoria, TM, Mexico Jacob Farriester (jacobfarriester@gmail. P2-7 Season long, base-wide monitoring com), W. Wyatt Hoback, Brian Couger, needed to characterize adult John Gustafson and Darren Hagen, mosquitoes at an Army National Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater, OK Guard Training Facility. P2-3 Acaricidal effect of plant extracts Thomas Hess ([email protected]), on Tetranychus urticae Koch. Bruce Noden and W. Wyatt Hoback, (Acari:Tetranychidae). Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater, OK José Ontiveros ([email protected]), Tuesday Posters P2-8 The impact of sorghum phenology Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio and variety on population growth Narro, Saltillo, CU, Mexico and longevity of sugarcane aphid P2-4 Selection of an internal reference (Melanaphis sacchari, Zehntner gene for functional genomics or (Hemiptera: Aphididae)). gene expression analysis in Dalbulus Subin Neupane (neupanesubeen@ maidis (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae). tamu.edu)1, David Kerns1 and Adrianna Christian Ayala-Ortiz (christian. Szczepaniec2, 1Texas A&M Univ., College [email protected])1, Trenna Station, TX, 2Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Blagden1, Stephen M. Marek1, Dmitry A. Amarillo, TX Dmitriev2, Christopher H. Dietrich3 and P2-9 Evaluation of resistance to bird Astri Wayadande1, 1Oklahoma State Univ., cherry-oat aphid (Rhopalosiphum Stillwater, OK, 2Illinois Natural History padi) in wheat germplasm. Survey, Champaign, IL, 3Univ. of Illinois, Grace Jones ([email protected]), Ali Champaign, IL Zarrabi, Kristopher Giles, Tom Royer, Mark Payton and Brett Carver, Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater, OK

14  Poster P2-10— P3-4 PRESENTATIONS: Tuesday Posters

P2-10 Crapemyrtle bark scale P2-16 The Lost Cricket Project: engaging Acanthococcus lagerstroemiae citizen scientists in acoustic (Hemiptera: Eriococcidae) ecology. biomonitoring to establish Kyle Gilder ([email protected])1, occurrence of a cryptic Orthopteran Victoria Hicks1, Mengmeng Gu1, Michael species. Merchant2 and Kevin Heinz1, 1Texas A&M Andres Buitrago (ab1298@wildcats. Univ., College Station, TX, 2Texas A&M unh.edu), Univ. of New Hampshire, AgriLife Extension Service, Dallas, TX Portsmouth, NH P2-11 Analyzing the significance of photoperiod on fitness of sugarcane Student Poster Competition: aphid,Melanaphis sacchari, on Ph.D / 8:00 AM-4:00 PM sorghum. Ethan Triplett (ethan.l.triplett@gmail. com) and Bonnie Pendleton, West Texas Tulsa Ballroom North, First Floor A&M Univ., Canyon, TX P3-1 The role of habitat heterogeneity P2-12 From invasive pest to ecological and plant quality in structuring supporter: Benefits of the sugarcane grassland arthropod communities. aphid (Melanaphis sacchari) to native Rebecca Prather (rebeccaprather@ Hymenoptera. ou.edu) and Michael Kaspari, Univ. of Michael Caballero (michaelcaballero9@ Oklahoma, Norman, OK gmail.com)1, J. Scott Armstrong2 and W.

P3-2 Evaluating botanical powders to Tuesday Posters Wyatt Hoback1, 1Oklahoma State Univ., 2 control maize weevil, Sitophilus Stillwater, OK, USDA - ARS, Stillwater, OK zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: P2-13 Strategy to eliminate Candidatus Curculionidae), in stored sorghum Liberibacter solanacearum from grain. Bactericera cockerelli (Sulc.) by Hame Abdou Kadi Kadi (hkkadi@gmail. applying antibiotic. com)1 and Bonnie Pendleton2, 1INRA, Pablo Hernandez Lara (p.ulises.h@ Niamey, Niger, 2West Texas A&M Univ., gmail.com), Universidad Autónoma Canyon, TX Agraria Antonio Narro, Saltillo, CU, P3-3 Keeping up to date on the threat of Mexico Tagosodes orizicolus and Rice hoja P2-14 On-plant bioassays of Metarhizium blanca virus to Texas rice. rileyi and Heterorhabditis nematodes Jaclyn Martin (jaclyn.martin@tamu. against fall armyworm, Spodoptera edu)1, Estephanie Bernal Jimenez2, Keyan frugiperda. Zhu-Salzman1, Michael (Mo) Way3 and Fernando Sanchez-Pedraza Ismael E. Badillo-Vargas2, 1Texas A&M ([email protected]), Diego Univ., College Station, TX, 2Texas A&M Treviño-Cueto and Sergio Sánchez-Peña, AgriLife Research, Weslaco, TX, 3Texas Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio A&M AgriLife Research, Beaumont, TX Narro, Saltillo, CU, Mexico P3-4 Ideal tree host shifts in response to P2-15 The effects of below- increased temperature and rainfall ground chemical cues from for the fall webworm (Hyphantria entomopathogenic nematodes on cunea). host plant selection of diabroticite Amy Adams ([email protected]), beetle larvae. Univ. of Oklahoma, Norman, OK John Grunseich (johngrunseich@gmail. com), Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX

15  PRESENTATIONS: Tuesday Morning 1-12 — 1-1

11:25 AM 1-7 Decomposition and post-mortem TUESDAY, APRIL 16, 2019, interval estimations are not equal for MORNING black and white. Madeline Moore (madeline.r.moore@ okstate.edu) and W. Wyatt Hoback, Student Ten Minute Paper Competition: Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater, OK Undergraduate 11:35 AM 1-8 Effects of cargill feed additive on adult Haematobia irritans population in cattle. Promenade Salon A, Second Floor Hannah Walker (hannahag16@gmail. com)1, Sonja Swiger2 and Carrie Maryak3, Moderators: C. Scott Bundy, New Mexico State Univ., Las Cruces, 1Tarleton State Univ., Stephenville, TX, 2Texas NM and Allen Knutson, Texas A&M Univ., Dallas, TX A&M Univ., Stephenville, TX, 3Texas A&M AgriLife Research & Extension, Stephenville, 10:20 AM Introductory Remarks TX 10:25 AM 1-1 Sex differences in pollen consumption 11:45 AM 1-9 There can mostly be only one: among blowflies (Diptera: Temporary waters are dominated by Calliphoridae). individual mosquito species. Stephanie Rodriguez (s.rodriguez15@ Liam Whiteman ([email protected]), tamu.edu), Pierre Lau, Aaron Tarone and Thomas Hess, Melissa Reed and W. Wyatt Juliana Rangel, Texas A&M Univ., College Hoback, Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater, Station, TX OK 10:35 AM 1-2 Sexual identification of Oncideres 11:55 AM Lunch on your own rhodosticta (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) 1:00 PM Reminders of rules using sexual dimorphism analysis and dissections. 1:05 PM 1-10 Genetic variation and dispersal Alejandra Mercado ([email protected]), patterns of damselflies along the Ikju Park, David C Thompson and Danielle Guadalupe River (Texas) watershed. Lara, New Mexico State Univ., Las Cruces, Ashley Myers ([email protected]) NM and Ryan Caesar, Schreiner Univ., Kerrville, TX

Tuesday Morning 10:45 AM 1-3 Behavioral responses of Algarobius prosopis (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) 1:15 PM 1-11 The effect of pesticides on honey bee to bimodal cues from mesquite pods. (Apis mellifera, L.) queen reproductive Nancy Rodriguez (nancyrod@nmsu. physiology. edu), Ikju Park, Danielle Lara and David Omar Khan ([email protected]), C. Thompson, New Mexico State Univ., Las Elizabeth Walsh and Juliana Rangel, Texas Cruces, NM A&M Univ., College Station, TX 10:55 AM 1-4 There goes the neighborhood: The 1:25 PM 1-12 Behavioral effects of juvenile hormone federally endangered American on the worker caste of the red burying beetle does not co-occur with imported fire ant,Solenopsis invicta. the burying beetle brood parasite. Franchesca Rodriguez Mason Taylor (masonta@okstate. ([email protected])1, Chloë edu)1, W. Wyatt Hoback2 and Melissa Hawkings2 and Cecilia Tamborindeguy2, Reed2, 1Oklahoma State Univ., Perry, OK, 1Texas A&M Univ., Bellville, TX, 2Texas A&M 2Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater, OK Univ., College Station, TX 11:05 AM 1-5 Evaluating volatile organic compounds emitted from male and female pecan Student Ten Minute Paper Competition: weevils from eastern New Mexico. Ph.D Katherine Arnold ([email protected]), Ikju Park, David Thompson, Jeanette Castañon and Tiffany Johnson, New Mexico Promenade Salon B, Second Floor State Univ., Las Cruces, NM Moderator: Juliana Rangel, Texas A&M Univ., College 11:15 AM 1-6 Surfing the waves of host Station, TX choice in Aedes aegypti using 10:20 AM Introductory Remarks electropenetography (EPG). Victoria Pickens (vpicken@ostatemail. okstate.edu) and Astri Wayadande, Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater, OK

16 PRESENTATIONS: Tuesday Morning 2-1 — 2-14 

10:25 AM 2-1 Colony structure of the odorous house 11:35 AM 2-8 Use of multiple natural enemies for ant (Tapinoma sessile), a native urban inoculative biological control if Bemisia invader. tabaci in greenhouse poinsettia Alexander Blumenfeld (alex93@tamu. production. edu) and Edward Vargo, Texas A&M Univ., Erfan Vafaie ([email protected])1 and College Station, TX Kevin Heinz2, 1Texas A&M Univ., Overton, TX, 2Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX 10:35 AM 2-2 Assessing host-associated differentiation in Dermacentor 11:45 AM 2-9 Within plant canopy distribution of variabilis (Acari: Ixodidae). sugarcane aphid, Melanaphis sacchari Mackenzie Tietjen (kenzietietjen@tamu. Zehntner, in commercial grain edu)1, Maria Esteve-Gassent1, Ivan Castro- sorghum. Arellano2 and Raul F. Medina1, 1Texas A&M Jessica Lindenmayer (jpavlu@ostatemail. Univ., College Station, TX, 2Texas State Univ., okstate.edu)1, Mark Payton1, Kristopher San Marcos, TX Giles1, Allen Knutson2, Robert Bowling3, Nick Seiter4, Norman Elliott5 and Tom Royer1, 10:45 AM 2-3 Upper thermal tolerance variation 1Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater, OK, between Reticulitermes spp. and across 2Texas A&M Univ., Dallas, TX, 3Texas A&M its range (Blattodea: Rhinotermitidae). Univ., Corpus Christi, TX, 4Univ. of Illinois, Mark Janowiecki (janowiecki@tamu. Champaign, IL, 5USDA - ARS, Stillwater, OK edu) and Edward Vargo, Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX 11:55 AM Lunch on your own

10:55 AM 2-4 Relationship of feeding, growth, 1:00 PM Reminders of rules Tuesday Morning and parasitism in Acheta domesticus 1:05 PM 2-10 Evidence of host plant specialization (Orthoptera Gryllidae) infected among the U.S. sugarcane aphid with Paragordius varius (Phylum: (Hemiptera: Aphididae) genotypes. Nematomorpha). Sulochana Paudyal (sulochana.paudyal@ Christina Anaya (christina.anaya@ okstate.edu)1, J. Scott Armstrong2, Karen okstate.edu)1, Ben Hanelt2, Matthew Bolek1 Harris-Shultz3, Hongliang Wang4, Kristopher and Larisa Vredevoe3, 1Oklahoma State Giles1, Philippe Rott5 and Mark Payton1, Univ., Stillwater, OK, 2Univ. of New Mexico, 1Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater, OK, 2USDA Alburquerque, NM, 3California Polytechnic - ARS, Stillwater, OK, 3USDA - ARS, Tifton, State Univ., San Luis Obispo, CA GA, 4USDA - ARS, Manhattan, KS, 5Univ. of 11:05 AM 2-5 Importation biological control of crape Florida, Belle Glade, FL myrtle bark scale (Acanthococcus 1:15 PM 2-11 A comparison of monarch butterfly lagerstroemiae Kuwana) in Texas. egg laying on native vs non-native Kenneth Masloski ([email protected]), milkweed. James Woolley, Peter Krauter, Mengmeng Gu David Berman (david.berman@okstate. and Kevin Heinz, Texas A&M Univ., College edu) and Kristen Baum, Oklahoma State Station, TX Univ., Stillwater, OK 11:15 AM 2-6 Investigating the flight capability 1:25 PM 2-12 Do larger native bees fly farther and of the Blattodea, effects of wing increase seed set in canola (Brassica morphology, size and behavior in 15 napus) fields? cockroach species. Sarah Elzay ([email protected]) and Fabian List ([email protected]), Bridgett Kristen Baum, Oklahoma State Univ., Benedict, Casey Flint, Samuel Howard, Stillwater, OK Caixing Xiong and Hojun Song, Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX 1:35 PM 2-13 Assessing Ant-aphid mutualisms in invasive insect species. 11:25 AM 2-7 Could the macroinvertebrate cross the Jocelyn R. Holt ([email protected]) and road? impact of road-stream crossings Raul F. Medina, Texas A&M Univ., College on aquatic macroinvertebrates in Station, TX Oklahoma Melissa Reed ([email protected]), James 1:45 PM 2-14 A local and scalar analysis of bee Long and W. Wyatt Hoback, Oklahoma State abundance and diversity in the Texas Univ., Stillwater, OK High Plains agricultural region. Samuel Discua (samuel.discua@ttu. edu) and Scott Longing, Texas Tech Univ., Lubbock, TX

17  PRESENTATIONS: Tuesday Afternoon 4-5 — 3-1

2:25 PM 3-6 Landrace and commercial varieties TUESDAY, APRIL 16, 2019, of dry beans: some resistance traits AFTERNOON to greenhouse whitefly and effect on parasitism by Encarsia formosa. Renato Villegas-Luján (renato_ Student Ten Minute Paper Competition: [email protected]) and Sergio Sánchez-Peña, Universidad Autónoma Master’s Agraria Antonio Narro, Saltillo, CU, Mexico

Promenade Salon A, Second Floor Regular Ten Minute Paper Session Moderators: C. Scott Bundy, New Mexico State Univ., Las Cruces, Tuesday NM and Allen Knutson, Texas A&M Univ., Dallas, TX Promenade Salon B, Second Floor 1:35 PM 3-1 Engorged with data: Using surveys to Moderator: Laura Weiser Erlandson, Texas A&M Univ., assess college students’ understanding Killeen, TX of ticks. Elizabeth Knowlton (edkbiology@gmail. 3:00 PM Introductory Remarks com), Justin Talley, Bruce Noden and W. 3:05 PM 4-1 Technology innovations for Wyatt Hoback, Oklahoma State Univ., development of successful areawide Stillwater, OK programs for BMSB. 1:45 PM 3-2 The influence of eastern red cedar on Danielle Kirkpatrick (DKirkpatrick@trece. Tabanidae populations in Oklahoma. com), Trece, Inc., Adair, OK Kylie Sherrill ([email protected])1, Justin 1 1 1 3:15 PM 4-2 Impact of hickory shuckworm, Cydia Talley , Bruce Noden , Laura Goodman caryana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) on and John Scasta2, 1Oklahoma State Univ., 2 pecan kernel quality. Stillwater, OK, Univ. of Wyoming, Laramie, Bill Ree ([email protected]), Texas A&M WY AgriLife Extension Service, College Station, 1:55 PM 3-3 The consequence of avian malarial TX infection on Culex quinquefasciatus 3:25 PM 4-3 Mesquite twig girdler, Oncideres survivorship. rhodosticta, response to volatile

Tuesday Afternoon Dayvion Adams ([email protected]), organic compounds from hosts – Andrew Golnar and Gabriel Hamer, Texas does spillover limit biological control A&M Univ., College Station, TX potential? 2:05 PM 3-4 Efficacy evaluations of various David C. Thompson (dathomps@nmsu. insecticidal application methods for edu), Ikju Park, Danielle Lara and Alejandra the control of horn flies (Diptera: Mercado, New Mexico State Univ., Las Muscidae). Cruces, NM Diego Garcia ([email protected]) and 3:35 PM 4-4 Host recognition of Rhinocyllus Brandon Smythe, New Mexico State Univ., conicus to volatile organic compounds Las Cruces, NM from endangered and invasive thistles. 2:15 PM 3-5 Eastern grape leafhopper, Erythroneura Ikju Park ([email protected]) and David C comes (Say), phenology and differential Thompson, New Mexico State Univ., Las abundance on grape cultivars in an Cruces, NM Oklahoma vineyard. 3:45 PM 4-5 Effects of leaf trichomes on herbivore Kevin Jarrell (kevin.jarrell@okstate. feeding, growth and development. edu), Eric Rebek, Kristopher Giles and Rupesh Kariyat (rupesh.kariyat@utrgv. Astri Wayadande, Oklahoma State Univ., edu), Univ. of Texas, Edinburg, TX Stillwater, OK

18 PRESENTATIONS: Tuesday Afternoon 4-6 — 5-2 

3:55 PM 4-6 Leaffooted bug joins the complex of sucking bugs that injure cotton bolls, if TUESDAY, APRIL 16, 2019, the timing is right. EVENING Michael Brewer ([email protected]. edu) and James Glover, Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Corpus Christi, TX Student Three-Minute Presentations 4:05 PM 4-7 Role of insecticidal seed treatments managing early season insect pests in Tulsa Ballroom Central, First Floor cotton. Moderator and Organizer: Jocelyn R. Holt, Texas A&M Suhas Vyavhare (suhas.vyavhare@ Univ., College Station, TX ag.tamu.edu)1 and Blayne Reed2, 1Texas A&M Univ., Lubbock, TX, 2Texas A&M Univ., 7:30 PM 5-1 The giant walkingstick (Megaphasma Plainview, TX denticrus) feeding on eastern cedar 4:15 PM 4-8 From green to brown: Restructuring (Juniperus virginiana). of arthropod communities following Mark Janowiecki ([email protected]), plant invasion in the mid-Atlantic. Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX Adam Mitchell (mitchell.adam.b@gmail. 7:33 PM 5-2 Assessing mutualisms in invasive com)1 and Douglas W. Tallamy2, 1Tarleton insect pests. State Univ., Stephenville, TX, 2Univ. of Jocelyn R. Holt ([email protected]) and Delaware, Newark, DE Raul F. Medina, Texas A&M Univ., College

4:25 PM 4-9 Early autumn parasitism of cereal Station, TX Tuesday Afternoon aphids by Hymenopteran parasitoids in wheat fields and wheat field borders. Norman Elliott ([email protected]. gov)1, Kristopher Giles2, Michael Brewer3 and Casi Jessie4, 1USDA - ARS, Stillwater, OK, 2Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater, OK, 3Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Corpus Christi, TX, 4Oregon State Univ., Corvallis, OR 4:35 PM 4-10 Reducing insect infestations in stored grain facilities. Edmond L. Bonjour (edmond.bonjour@ okstate.edu), Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater, OK 4:45 PM 4-11 Sorghum growth and sugarcane aphid- plant interactions are altered when grown under light emitting diodes of the incorrect light spectrum. J. Scott Armstrong (scott.armstrong@ ars.usda.gov)1, Ankur Lamaje2, W. Wyatt Hoback2 and Sulochana Paudyal2, 1USDA - ARS, Stillwater, OK, 2Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater, OK 4:55 PM Concluding Remarks

19 PRESENTATIONS: Wednesday Posters Poster P4-1— P4-15 

P4-8 Impact of host plant resistance on WEDNESDAY, APRIL 17, 2019, interaction between sorghum and MORNING POSTERS sugarcane aphid at transcriptome level. Mahnaz Kianifariz (mahnaz.kianifariz@ Regular poster session ag.tamu.edu) and Adrianna Szczepaniec, Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Amarillo, TX Tulsa Ballroom North, First Floor P4-9 Native bees and associated forage plants of Parker County, Texas. P4-1 Insecticide resistance monitoring Camille Carey (camille.carey@ and training with the Midwest go.tarleton.edu), John Montoya, Adam Center of Excellence for Vector- Mitchell and David H. Kattes, Tarleton borne Disease. State Univ., Stephenville, TX Trisha Dubie ([email protected]), Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI P4-10 Pollinator attractiveness of drought tolerant plants in the Texas High P4-2 “Economic Assessment of Working Plains. Cattle and Technology Adoption in Samuel Discua (samuel.discua@ttu. Grazing Cattle Systems”: A paper edu) and Scott Longing, Texas Tech Univ., handout survey for cattle producers Lubbock, TX concentrated on beef production characteristics, technology adoption, P4-11 Transmission of Fusarium oxysporum and ectoparasite control. f. sp. vasinfectum VCG 0114 (race 4) Samantha Hays (samanthahays_85@ by stink bugs to cotton bolls. tamu.edu)1, Pete Teel1, Sonja Swiger2, Jesus Esquivel ([email protected]. Thomas Hairgrove3, David Anderson3 and gov) and Alois Bell, USDA - ARS, College Jeffery K. Tomberlin1, 1Texas A&M Univ., Station, TX 2 College Station, TX, Texas A&M Univ., P4-12 BioCeres (Beauveria bassiana) and 3 Stephenville, TX, Texas A&M AgriLife tank mix, do’s and don’ts. Research & Extension, College Station, TX Manuel Campos (mcampos@ P4-4 Function and regulation of serine biosafesystems.com), BioSafe Systems, proteases and their homologs during East Hartford, CT

Wednesday Posters immune responses of Manduca sexta. P4-13 Survey of possible incidence Yang Wang (yang.wang10@okstate. of Helicoverpa armigera invasion in 1 1 2 edu) , Xiaolong Cao , Michael Kanost Texas. 1 1 and Haobo Jiang , Oklahoma State Megha N. Parajulee (m-parajulee@ 2 Univ., Stillwater, OK, Kansas State Univ., tamu.edu) and Stanley C. Carroll, Texas Manhattan, KS A&M Univ., Lubbock, TX P4-5 Economic injury level for P4-14 Phantasmagorical phasmids. bermudagrass stem maggot in Shane McMurry (shane.mcmurry@ bermudagrass forage production in okstate.edu), Oklahoma State Univ., Texas. Pawnee, OK Allen Knutson ([email protected])1 and Forrest Mitchell2, 1Texas A&M Univ., P4-15 The spider-mite predator Oligota sp. Dallas, TX, 2Texas A&M Univ., Stephenville, (Staphylinidae) in a sorghum field in TX Saltillo, Mexico. Helmer Botello-Gomez P4-7 Management of early-season insect ([email protected]) pests in Texas high plains cotton: and Sergio Sánchez-Peña, Universidad Transitioning to dryland production. Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Saltillo, Abdul Hakeem (abdul.hakeem@ CU, Mexico ag.tamu.edu)1, Megha Parajulee1, Suhas Vyavhare1 and Katie Lewis2, 1Texas A&M Univ., Lubbock, TX, 2Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Lubbock, TX

20 PRESENTATIONS: Wednesday Morning 6-1 — 7-7 

WEDNESDAY, APRIL 17, 2019, Current Research & Extension Topics in MORNING Urban & Landscape Entomology in the Southwestern US Innovations in Entomology Education Promenade Salon A, Second Floor Promenade Salon B, Second Floor Moderators and Organizers: Bob Davis, BASF Corporation, Pflugerville, TX and Michael Merchant, Texas Moderator and Organizers: Adrienne Brundage, Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service, Dallas, TX A&M Univ., College Station, TX and Craig Coates, Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX 8:00 AM Introductory Remarks

8:00 AM Introductory Remarks 8:05 AM 7-1 Cost, IPM, and measuring the success of school IPM programs: Lessons 8:05 AM 6-1 Teaching entomology scientific writing learned from a 20-year mandate. with an open access journal: a flipped Janet Hurley ([email protected])1, course method. Michael Merchant2 and Blake Bennett1, Adrienne Brundage (Adrienne.Brundage@ 1Texas A&M Univ., Dallas, TX, 2Texas A&M tamu.edu), Texas A&M Univ., College AgriLife Extension Service, Dallas, TX Station, TX 8:25 AM 7-2 Emerging pest problems in 8:20 AM 6-2 Choctaw bug camp experience. southwestern urban landscapes. Wednesday Morning Tracy Horst ([email protected]), Carol Sutherland ([email protected]), Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma, Durant, OK New Mexico Dept. of Agriculture, Las Cruces, 8:35 AM 6-3 Our experience with art, science, and NM education. 8:45 AM 7-3 Biting mites (Acari: Mesostigmata): Robert Sober ([email protected]), art’s Research and extension needs. IMPORTANT, LLC, Tulsa, OK Michael Merchant (m-merchant@tamu. 8:50 AM 6-4 Using entomology to connect students edu), Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service, to the natural world at liberal arts Dallas, TX college. 9:05 AM 7-4 New and better technologies for Loriann Garcia ([email protected]), general pest management in urban Austin College, Sherman, TX environment. 9:05 AM 6-5 Hoback’s bads: Post-exam student Raj Saran ([email protected]), Bayer US critique of exam questions improves LLC, Research Triangle Park, NC learning and retention. 9:25 AM 7-5 Integrating new technology into filth W. Wyatt Hoback ([email protected]), fly programs for food production and Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater, OK food service. 9:20 AM 6-6 Using Monarch butterfly service Emory Matts ([email protected]), learning projects to actively engage Rentokil, Carrollton, TX 500 core curriculum students. 9:45 AM 7-6 Managing stored product pests from a Craig Coates ([email protected]), Texas pest management perspective. A&M Univ., College Station, TX Pari Pachamuthu (pari.pachamuthu@ 9:35 AM 6-7 Title to be announced.... rentokil.com), Rentokil, Houston, TX Teaching Award Recipient (ccoates@tamu. 10:05 AM Break edu), Unknown, PR 10:25 AM 7-7 New directions and advances in 9:50 AM Concluding Remarks termite baiting systems. Phillip Shults ([email protected]) and Edward Vargo, Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX

21  PRESENTATIONS: Wednesday Morning 8-9 — 7-8

10:45 AM 7-8 Subterranean termite (Reticulitermes 10:55 AM 8-4 Identification and lifecycle description & Amitermes spp.) colony activity over of Caloptilia blandella (Clemens) time within a 1 acre grid in central (Lepitoptera: Gracillariidae) on Texas. commercial pecan trees in New Bob Davis ([email protected]), BASF Mexico. Corporation, Pflugerville, TX Tiffany Johnson ([email protected]), New Mexico State Univ., Las Cruces, NM 11:05 AM Western Gulf Center of Excellence outreach update. 11:05 AM 8-5 Gene expression analysis of key Sonja Swiger ([email protected])1, antioxidant genes in reproductive Whitney Qualls2, Patrick Prather3 and Scott tissue of Apis mellifera queens reared Weaver4, 1Texas A&M Univ., Stephenville, TX, in pesticide-laden beeswax. 2Texas Dept. of State Health Services, Austin, Juliana Rangel ([email protected]), TX, 3Municipal Mosquito, Richardson, TX, Elizabeth Walsh and Tonya Shepherd, Texas 4Univ. of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, A&M Univ., College Station, TX TX 11:15 AM 8-6 How to avoid aggravated pesticide 11:25 AM Concluding Remarks toxicity to honey bees? Yu Cheng Zhu ([email protected]), USDA Regular Ten Minute Paper Session - ARS, Stoneville, MS Wednesday 11:25 AM 8-7 Developing RNA interference tools to control the potato psyllid and zebra chip disease of potatoes. Promenade Salon B, Second Floor Ismael E. Badillo-Vargas (ismael.badillo@ Moderator: Manuel Campos, BioSafe Systems, East ag.tamu.edu) and Estephanie Bernal Hartford, CT Jimenez, Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Weslaco, TX 10:20 AM Introductory Remarks 11:35 AM 8-8 Supergene in the red imported fire ant 10:25 AM 8-1 Role of Azadirachtin; benefits and (Solenopsis invicta) leads to increased limitations. gene expression. Manuel Campos (mcampos@ Joan King ([email protected])1,2, biosafesystems.com), BioSafe Systems, East Samuel Arsenault2, Sasha Kay3, Kip Lacy2, Hartford, CT Kenneth Ross2 and Brendan Hunt3, 1Texas 2 Wednesday Morning 10:35 AM 8-2 Evaluation of “Candidatus Liberibacter A&M Univ., College Station, TX, Univ. of 3 solanacearum” induced effects on Georgia, Athens, GA, Univ. of Georgia, the feeding behavior of Bactericera Griffin, GA cockerelli by two distinct haplotypes 11:45 AM 8-9 Impacts of environmental exposure of present in the Americas. bovine manure on fecal-NIRS detection Kyle Koch ([email protected]), of the southern cattle tick. Estephanie Bernal Jimenez and Ismael Brian Rich ([email protected])1, E. Badillo-Vargas, Texas A&M AgriLife Pete Teel1, Donald B. Thomas2, Jay Angerer3, Research, Weslaco, TX Doug Tolleson4 and Adalberto A. Pérez de 5 1 10:45 AM 8-3 Community composition and León , Texas A&M Univ., College Station, 2 3 functional diversity in pollinator TX, USDA - ARS, Edinburg, TX, Texas A&M habitat seed mixes: Do designer plants AgriLife Research & Extension, Temple, TX, 4 5 meet their goals? Texas A&M Univ., San Angelo, TX, USDA - Robert Cox and Scott Longing (scott. ARS, Kerrville, TX [email protected]), Texas Tech Univ., 11:55 AM Concluding Remarks Lubbock, TX

22 PRESENTATIONS: Wednesday Afternoon 9-1 — 10-8 

WEDNESDAY, APRIL 17, 2019, Skills for Women Navigating Their Early AFTERNOON Careers

Promenade Salon B, Second Floor Blood Feeding Arthropods of Veterinary Moderator and Organizers: Andrine A. Shufran, and Medical Importance: Sharing Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater, OK and Tracey Payton Discoveries on Surveillance, Biology and Miller, Langston Univ., Langston, OK Control 1:00 PM Introductory Remarks 1:05 PM 10-1 Not your grandad’s ESA: changing Promenade Salon A, Second Floor demographics and the 21st century of Moderators and Organizers: Estelle Martin, Texas A&M entomology. Univ., College Station, TX and Brandon Smythe, New Robert K. D. Peterson (bpeterson@ Mexico State Univ., Las Cruces, NM montana.edu), Montana State Univ., Bozeman, MT 1:00 PM Introductory Remarks 1:25 PM 10-2 Navigating the transition from student 1:05 PM 9-1 Mosquito surveillance and infection to professional. with insect-specific viruses in Texas. Tracey Payton Miller (ptracey@langston. Estelle Martin ([email protected]), edu), Langston Univ., Langston, OK Wednesday Afternoon Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX 1:45 PM 10-3 Sailing to success: Navigating those 1:35 PM 9-2 Towards mosquito sterile insect muddy waters of academia without a technique. rudder. Immo Hansen ([email protected]), New Astri Wayadande (a.wayadande@okstate. Mexico State Univ., Las Cruces, NM edu), Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater, OK 2:05 PM 9-3 While we were sleeping...case studies 2:05 PM 10-4 Gender is a verb, too. of vector-borne diseases in Oklahoma. Robert N. Wiedenmann (rwieden@uark. Bruce Noden ([email protected]), edu), Univ. of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater, OK 2:25 PM Break 2:35 PM Break 2:45 PM 10-5 Can you really do it all? Juggling work 3:05 PM 9-4 Increased surveillance and screening with life of Culicoides: A better understanding Wizzie Brown ([email protected]), of vector-host-pathogen interaction. Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service, Austin, Phillip Shults ([email protected]), Texas TX A&M Univ., College Station, TX 3:05 PM 10-6 The art of saying yes. How to network 3:35 PM 9-5 Horn fly (Haematobia irritans) control smart. for cattle producers: Matching the Molly Keck ([email protected]), Texas science with ranch management A&M AgriLife Extension Service, San Antonio, practices. TX Justin Talley ([email protected]), Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater, OK 3:25 PM 10-7 The gender playing field is significantly lopsided: Underemployment of female 4:05 PM 9-6 On-going efforts to advance pest entomologists. management options for the horn fly Karen Walker ([email protected]. (Diptera: Muscidae). gov), USDA - APHIS, Riverdale, MD Brandon Smythe ([email protected]), New Mexico State Univ., Las Cruces, NM 3:45 PM 10-8 Proficiency in professionalism is paramount. 4:35 PM 9-7 Selected insecticide delivery Andrine A. Shufran ([email protected]), devices for management of horn Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater, OK flies (Haematobia irritans) (Diptera: Muscidae) on beef cattle. 4:05 PM Concluding Remarks Sonja Swiger ([email protected]), Texas A&M Univ., Stephenville, TX 4:55 PM Concluding Remarks

23 Oral Abstracts: Student Ten-Minute Paper Competition

in the Southwestern US before oviposition. In some Oral Abstracts populations, over 80% of stems are girdled, significantly altering the physical structure of honey mesquite. Before initiating host selection behavioral bioassays and other Student Ten-Minute Paper ecological studies, it is important to identify sexes of adult Competition twig girdlers accurately. Previous studies used antennal characteristics to differentiate between males and females; however, significant variability in body size complicates the use of individual body measurements. To improve the Student Ten Minute Paper accuracy of identifying their sexes, we measured fifteen Competition: Undergraduate body characters from twelve pairs of adult twig girdlers and confirmed associated sexes based on dissections. 1-1. Sex differences in pollen consumption among Multiple regression and principal component analyses blowflies (Diptera: Calliphoridae) were conducted using SAS 9.4. The last ventral abdominal Stephanie Rodriguez ([email protected]), Pierre Lau, Aaron Tarone and Juliana Rangel, Texas segment, one of the main sexually dimorphic characters, A&M Univ., College Station, TX was difficult for participants to distinguish between male and female twig girdlers (31% ± 5). Among the fifteen body Hymenoptera are known to be some of the main pollinators characters, the full intact antennal length and the distal in our ecosystems. However, a recent study showed that antennal segment were the best predictors to confirm the blow flies (Diptera: Calliphoridae) are underappreciated sex of twig girdlers. If antennae of collected twig girdlers as pollinators. Previous research done by former students are undamaged, the full intact antennal lengths may be in our laboratory showed that blow flies collected around used to quickly predict the sex of the twig girdlers in both rural areas in College Station, TX, consume pollen. The the field and the laboratory. As interest in the biological same research group found that there are differences control potential of twig girdlers increases, accurate in pollen consumption depending on the sex of blow identification of sex without dissection is critical in host flies, but they did so using cohorts of five specimens per selection studies. sample. Therefore, one thing that was not answered was whether the difference in pollen consumption depending 1-3. Behavioral responses of Algarobius prosopis (Co- on the was consistent on an individual basis. To answer leoptera: Chrysomelidae) to bimodal cues from this question, blow flies were caught in different locations mesquite pods near pollinating flowers in College Station, TX. They were Nancy Rodriguez ([email protected]), Ikju Park, labeled according to location and date and were then Danielle Lara and David C. Thompson, New Mexico identified down to species and sex. Then, individual flies State Univ., Las Cruces, NM were processed by dissecting their gut. The gut contents How an insect specialist processes signals in response were then processed by performing pollen acetolysis and to physiological changes of plant organs is typically then each sample was placed on a slide. The number of examined using olfactory cues. In nature, herbivorous pollen grains were then counted and the different pollen insects integrate multimodal cues from plants to maximize was identified to the lowest taxonomic level possible. Our fitness in the complex environment. Since the bruchid, research will continue to inform us about whether there Algarobius prosopis LeConte, feeds exclusively on mesquite is a difference of pollen consumption among the different (Prosopis) seeds, it was introduced as a biocontrol agent sexes in blow flies on an individual basis. This will improve for mesquite in South Africa. We examined the role of our knowledge on the role that blow flies play in providing olfactory and visual cues in the initial host recognition of pollination services in our ecosystems. female A. prosopis by collecting volatile organic compounds from two different physiological stages (green and brown Oral Abstracts 1-1 — 1-3 1-2. Sexual identification of Oncideres rhodosticta pods) of mesquite. To measure the behavioral responses (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) using sexual dimor- of A. prosopis and their searching time, we conducted three phism analysis and dissections behavioral bioassays: only visual cues, only olfactory cues, Alejandra Mercado ([email protected]), Ikju Park, David C Thompson and Danielle Lara, New and the combination of both cues using a y-tube device. Mexico State Univ., Las Cruces, NM We identified 46 chemical compounds in mesquite pods using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Of these, The mesquite twig girdler, Oncideres rhodosticta Bates, 11 were unique to green and 24 were unique to brown girdles honey mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa) stems

24 Oral Abstracts: Student Ten-Minute Paper Competition pods. Females showed no preference with only visual feeding damage and nut loss. Originating from the eastern cues and 30% chose brown pods with only olfactory cues. United States, feeds and oviposits exclusively during the In contrast, 65% of females selected brown over green gel stage of pecan development. Infestation of this pest pods when olfactory and visual cues were combined in within Lea, Chaves, Eddy, and Clovis counties requires the behavioral bioassays. Similarly, searching time was an insecticide application to reduce yield loss. Timing shorter for brown over green pods with bimodal cues. that corresponds with adult emergence from the soil is We pose that better understanding of olfactory and visual critical for effective control. Low capture numbers from cues associated with initial host recognition of A. prosopis pheromone bait traps from infested New Mexico counties could be beneficial to state and federal agencies in the have prompted a need to reassess the adult pheromone Southwestern US and stakeholders in other countries such profile. To reevaluate the chemical composition of the as South Africa attempting to manage invasive mesquite. pecan weevil sex pheromone, we collected volatile organic compounds emitted from conspecific pairs of pecan 1-4. There goes the neighborhood: The federally weevils. Field-collected pecan weevils were transported endangered American burying beetle does not from Eddy and Chaves counties in eastern New Mexico co-occur with the burying beetle brood parasite to a biosafety level 2 quarantine facility at New Mexico 1 Mason Taylor ([email protected]) , W. Wyatt State University in Las Cruces, New Mexico. Each pecan Hoback2 and Melissa Reed2, 1Oklahoma State Univ., Perry, OK, 2Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater, OK weevil was placed in a preconditioned glass vial to collect conspecific body odors using a dynamic headspace The American Burying Beetle (ABB), Nicrophorus collection system at 300 ml/min for 12 hours. The eluted americanus, is an endangered species that is beneficial to analytes were injected into a gas chromatography- many ecosystems by aiding in the decomposition of carrion mass spectrometry. The preliminary findings from these and reducing fly populations. It is also the largest burying samples will be reported. The use of these pheromones beetle species in North America and is hypothesized to within bait traps will help with the identification of pecan win competition for vertebrate carrion in habitats where it weevils within orchards on a commercial and residential exists. ABB and other Nicrophorus fly each night searching level. for available carrion. The pustulated burying beetle (PBB), Nicrophorus pustulatus is also nocturnal and is suggested 1-6. Surfing the waves of host choice in Aedes aegyp- to be a brood parasite. We used 20 baited pitfall traps ti using electropenetography (EPG) spaced a minimum of 2.2 km apart to sample for ABB at Victoria Pickens ([email protected]. Camp Gruber for 5-day periods during July of 2016, 2017, edu) and Astri Wayadande, Oklahoma State Univ., and 2018. We tested the hypothesis that the catch rates of Stillwater, OK ABB and PBB would be similar for a given trap. When the One of the most common questions asked about overall data were analyzed using a Mann-Whitney Rank mosquitoes is why they seem to bite some people more Oral Abstracts 1-4 — 1-6 Sum Test, they significantly differed (T = 4191.5, P = 0.003). than others. Host choice is often studied in mosquitoes In both 2016 and 2018 there were significantly more ABB by observing behavior when exposed to a specific host in traps with fewer PBB and vice versa, while in 2017, the characteristic. However, electropenetography (EPG) allows relationship between species occurrence in traps was not us to directly measure the probing activities of a mosquito significantly different (T – 448; P = 0.310). The results of while taking a blood meal from a given host. EPG was this study support that the number of ABB and PBB do not originally developed for use on Hemipteran phloem- co-occur for two out of the three survey periods. Future feeding insects to study points of pathogen acquisition studies will determine if it is because of competition for and transmission. In this study, we used EPG to identify carcasses or losses to a brood parasite. variations in mosquito feeding patterns for Aedes aegypti exposed to three different hosts. The hosts included one 1-5. Evaluating volatile organic compounds emitted typical male, one typical female, and one atypical male. The from male and female pecan weevils from east- typical hosts have a past of feeding mosquito colonies and ern New Mexico experiencing no issues with regular feedings, including Katherine Arnold ([email protected]), Ikju Park, David Thompson, Jeanette Castañon and Tiffany Aedes aegypti, and report average mosquito feeding in Johnson, New Mexico State Univ., Las Cruces, NM natural environments. The atypical host reported below average mosquito feeding in natural environments and The pecan weevil, Curculio caryae Horn (Coleoptera: negative impact when feeding mosquito colonies: the Curculionidae), is an obligatory nut feeder that is a major mosquitoes died shortly after the second feed. EPG pest of commercial and residential pecan trees due to

25 Oral Abstracts: Student Ten-Minute Paper Competition

recordings from the three hosts were collected using Horn flies, Haematobia irritans, are known for biting cattle a completely randomized design. Present results show 30-40 times a day, resulting in cattle bunching; when cattle irregular feeding patterns in A. aegypti when exposed to bunch they do not eat, resulting in significant decreases the atypical host, such as prolonged probing time lengths in weight gain attributed to stress, annoyance, and blood and disrupted probing and digestion. The results of this loss caused by horn flies (Boland et. al., 2008). Cargill has study provide a quantifiable difference between A. aegypti developed a feed additive, Cinnagard, belonging to section feeding when exposed to different hosts. 25b- natural products not requiring scientific evaluation by EPA, that decreases horn fly populations. To determine the 1-7. Decomposition and post-mortem interval esti- efficacy of this product, field and lab data were collected mations are not equal for black and white and analyzed. Madeline Moore (madeline.r.moore@okstate. edu) and W. Wyatt Hoback, Oklahoma State Univ., Field data consisted of weekly adult horn fly counts on ten Stillwater, OK treated and ten untreated cattle, as well as, collection of When an organism dies, its body begins to decompose manure samples as available. Manure samples were grown aided by a succession of carrion-feeding insects. These in lab for insect emergence. Insect emergence was different insects and the predictable progression of decomposition for treated and untreated samples. Nonparametric tests aid forensic investigators in determining a Post-Mortem revealed a significant reduction in adult horn fly abundance Interval (PMI). Although much research has been in treated cattle verses untreated cattle. conducted on factors influencing decomposition rate, the potential effects of the race of a victim has been seldom The lab portion of the study evaluated inhibition of adult considered. In particular higher concentrations of melanin horn fly emergence from a standardized 50 egg inoculum may result in differences in attraction to some insects added to treated or untreated cattle manure. Manure and decomposition rates in some habitats. We tested the samples were shipped weekly by Cargill in randomly hypothesis that rats with more melanin (black rats) would labeled bags. The egg inoculum was added to five equal decompose faster and accumulate more insect activity than replicates of each manure sample, grown in a growth rats with less melanin (white rats). This research occurred chamber for one week, and floated for pupae. Pupae between August and December, 2018 and across three were placed in petri dishes and returned to incubators to trials. Each trail had three cages: one set in an exposed area grow for another week. Emerged adults were compared with full sun, one in partial shade, and one in full shade. to the non-emerged adults per petri dish and recorded. Each cage had two male rats, one white and one black, that The results revealed horn fly abundance was different in had been previously thawed and shaved bare. Photos were treated groups than in control groups. taken every day to log stage of decomposition and insect activity. A body decomposition index was created for each 1-9. There can mostly be only one: Temporary rat and compared. Contrary to our hypothesis, rats with waters are dominated by individual mosquito less melanin decomposed approximately one day faster species and had more insect activity than rats with more melanin Liam Whiteman ([email protected]), Thomas in both sunny and fully shaded treatments. For rats in the Hess, Melissa Reed and W. Wyatt Hoback, Oklaho- partial shade treatment, decomposition was faster in the ma State Univ., Stillwater, OK rats with more melanin. This result may be influenced by Of the 64 known mosquito species in Oklahoma, many melanin, which interferes with bacterial growth in the early are vectors of serious diseases that can be transmitted to stages of decomposition. The importance of this research humans. Camp Gruber, an Oklahoma Army National Guard is to demonstrate that forensic cases must account for a training facility in Braggs, OK, lies in an eco-region that is person’s race in order to be accurate in establishing a PMI. characterized by high precipitation and mild winters which

Oral Abstracts 1-7 — 1-9 allows it to potentially support some medically significant 1-8. Effects of cargill feed additive on adult Haema- mosquito species including Aedes albopictus, Aedes aegypti, tobia irritans population in cattle and Aedes japonicus. Aedes albopictus was found at Camp 1 Hannah Walker ([email protected]) , Sonja Gruber in 2016-2018, Aedes japonicus was found on the Swiger2 and Carrie Maryak3, 1Tarleton State Univ., Oklahoma/Arkansas border in 2017 and in 2018, the most Stephenville, TX, 2Texas A&M Univ., Stephenville, TX, 3Texas A&M AgriLife Research & Extension, important invasive mosquito in the world, Aedes aegypti was Stephenville, TX also found on base. Surveys of adult mosquitos at Camp Gruber have found vectors for Japanese Encephalitis, West

26 Oral Abstracts: Student Ten-Minute Paper Competition

Nile Virus, Chikungunya, Yellow Fever, and Dengue. This California to pollinate the almond crop. As these colonies research analyzed roughly 750 mosquito larvae collected are at high concentrations, this creates a reservoir for pests from different water sources located at Camp Gruber and and pathogens, in addition to high pesticide exposure compared results to the >10,400 adults collected in the risk from pollinating the almond bloom. Honey bee same area. Several genera were represented as larvae and colonies are plagued with varroa mite (Varroa destructor) adults. However, Culex erraticus represented about 70% infestations that can eventually cause colony mortality. of the adults captured but was nearly absent as larvae. This leads beekeepers to take extreme measures in order Notably, temporary waters supporting mosquito larvae to treat varroa mite infestations. Since beeswax is highly typically only hosted a single species at a time. The habitat lipophilic, any miticides introduced to bee colonies remain requirements for the adult stage of most mosquitos is in the wax matrix for long periods of time. Previous work known but very little is known about their aquatic larval shows that when queens are exposed during development stage. These data suggest that competition and intraguild to field relevant levels of fluvalinate (active ingredient in predation likely limit numbers of adults. Being able to Apistan®), coumaphos (active ingredient in Checkmite+®), identify where mosquitos deposit their eggs will allow for and amitraz (active ingredient in Apivar®), all ubiquitous targeted management strategies that protect the National miticides found in the beeswax matrix, queen behavior Guard from the spread of mosquito-borne diseases. and physiology is negatively impacted. This can also be true when queens are exposed to chlorothalonil and 1-10. Genetic variation and dispersal patterns of chlorpyrifos, common pesticides used in almond orchards. damselflies along the Guadalupe River (Texas) Our preliminary results suggest that queens reared in watershed pesticide-contaminated environments may have fewer Ashley Myers ([email protected]) and ovarioles than counterpart queens reared in pesticide-free Ryan Caesar, Schreiner Univ., Kerrville, TX environments. If beekeepers are inadvertently hurting We present a preliminary analysis of population genetic their own queens, then the beekeeping industry must variation among common damselflies within and near know in order to produce high quality queens which lead the Guadalupe River of Texas, between the headwaters high quality honey bee colonies. and the Gulf of Mexico. Damselflies are charismatic and ecologically-important insects with obligate aquatic larvae 1-12. Behavioral effects of juvenile hormone on the and flying adults. Though adults can potentially fly in any worker caste of the red imported fire ant,Solen - direction over kilometer-scale distances, they appear to opsis invicta not stray far from riparian zones. Juveniles, however, may Franchesca Rodriguez (d4sh1ngdr4gonfly@gmail. com)1 2 disperse over longer distances within rivers depending , Chloë Hawkings and Cecilia Tamborinde- guy2, 1Texas A&M Univ., Bellville, TX, 2Texas A&M on factors such as flow rate, flood/drought cycles, Univ., College Station, TX and impediments to water flow (dams, etc.). Standard Oral Abstracts 1-10 — 1-12 molecular markers and phylogeographic analyses are The red imported fire ant (Solenopsis invicta) was introduced used to estimate genetic structure. Specifically, we test the to the USA in 1930 and has since become an increasingly hypothesis that genetic variability is nonrandom among significant medical, agricultural, and economic pest. populations and is influenced by the direction of river flow Current insecticides are ineffective for fire ant control. more than by simple geographic distance. We predict that Therefore, there is an urgent need to find novel pest control genetic variation will be greater between rivers than within strategies. S. invicta are a eusocial Hymenopteran species rivers, regardless of distance. with a distinct colony caste system. Division of labor in social insects is a complex phenomenon that represents 1-11. The effect of pesticides on honey bee Apis( mel- a major evolutionary transition, but the physiological lifera, L.) queen reproductive physiology mechanisms that regulate this behavior in are not well Omar Khan ([email protected]), Elizabeth understood. Experimental studies have implicated juvenile Walsh and Juliana Rangel, Texas A&M Univ., College hormone (JH) as a regulatory factor in social insect workers. Station, TX Here we investigated the manipulation of JH using a JH Honey bees (Apis mellifera) are integral to continued food analog, S-hydroprene to show a direct behavioral effect security in the U.S., as they pollinate approximately 1/3 when raised JH levels are induced in workers of S. invicta. of U.S. food crops and contribute $17 billion annually to This study shows that raised JH levels result in workers the agroeconomy through pollination service fees. Every becoming more phototactic (p<0.05) and engaging in spring, over 70% of all bee colonies in the U.S. are taken to more extranidal activity, changes that we show reflect the

27 Oral Abstracts: Student Ten-Minute Paper Competition

transition from intranidal work to foraging (p<0.05). These The American dog tick, Dermacentor variabilis, is the vector behavioral effects on behavior inS. invicta are mediated by of Rocky Mountain spotted fever, bovine anaplasmosis, JH and may be a key endocrine regulator of behavior and and tularemia. D. variabilis ranges throughout North the evolutionary success of social insects. America and in the US, it has been documented in all contiguous states except Utah, Nevada, and New Mexico. Its’ range is continuing to increase due to warmer winters Student Ten Minute Paper and human assisted dispersal. This tick feeds on a wide variety of hosts. Usually the larval and nymphal stages feed Competition: Ph.D on small mammals and the adults feed on medium sized 2-1. Colony structure of the odorous house ant mammals such as raccoons and dogs. Genetic variation in (Tapinoma sessile), a native urban invader this tick has been examined and it was found that there Alexander Blumenfeld ([email protected]) and are two main clades with the western population being Edward Vargo, Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX differentiated from the eastern population. Within the Biological invasions are becoming more prevalent eastern population there exists eight other haplotypes throughout the world due to the rise of global trade and that were found not to be associated with geography or the increasing abundance of urban areas, and ants are infection status. These ticks were mostly examined using among the most prolific perpetrators of these invasions. specimen collected from the vegetation. However, genetic Many invasive ants possess a set of shared characteristics variation could be associated with host species. The which facilitate the success of these invasions, including existence of genetically distinct populations associated polygyne colony structure, colony foundation through with host species is called host-associated differentiation budding, and reduced inter-nest aggression. However, (HAD). In this study, ticks were collected from different exotic ants are not the only ants that possess these so- vertebrate hosts to test for HAD using SNPs. 1,338 D. called invasive traits. The odorous house ant Tapinoma variabilis ticks were collected from 11 mammal species out sessile is one such non-exotic ant demonstrating these of 784 individual mammal, bird, and lizard hosts that were representative traits. Originally native to the temperate caught in the field. DNA extractions were optimized for deciduous forests of North America, the ant has become obtaining high enough quantity and quality for ddRADseq highly abundant in urban environments throughout much Illumnia sequencing of individual nymphs and adults. The of the United States. Forest-dwelling colonies are typically population structure pattern of D. variabilis as revealed by small (<200 workers), monodomous, and monogyne. On SNPs will be discussed. the other hand, urban colonies tend to be large (>100,000 2-3. Upper thermal tolerance variation between workers), polydomous, and polygyne. Here, we explore Reticulitermes spp. and across its range (Blatto- the population genetic and breeding structure of T. sessile dea: Rhinotermitidae) in West Lafayette, Indiana, to compare colonies of the ant Mark Janowiecki ([email protected]) and both within and between its distinct environments. First, Edward Vargo, Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX we analyzed the population structure of colonies along The Climate Variability Hypothesis (CVH) predicts that the natural to urban gradient to test for an association thermal breadth increases with absolute latitude and between the transition to urban environments and holds true when comparing termite species across large unicoloniality. Then, we assessed the breeding structure geographical distances. However, the smaller scale of T. sessile along the same natural to urban gradient, to differences within and between congeneric species test for a transition of monogyne colonies in the forest remain unknown. In this project, we investigate the upper to polygyne colonies in urban areas. Future work will thermal tolerance variation in Reticulitermes subterranean assess if the results found here hold up across its overall termites across their range in the eastern United States. distribution within the United States.

Oral Abstracts 2-1 — 2-3 Specifically, we test if the upper lethal limit (ULL) differs between species at the same site, if the ULL for R. flavipes 2-2. Assessing host-associated differentiation in Dermacentor variabilis (Acari: Ixodidae) differs across its range, and finally what climatic variables Mackenzie Tietjen ([email protected])1, predict the geographical pattern of thermal tolerances. Maria Esteve-Gassent1, Ivan Castro-Arellano2 and Samples of Reticulitermes spp. were collected from nine Raul F. Medina1, 1Texas A&M Univ., College Station, locations across the eastern United States and subjected TX, 2Texas State Univ., San Marcos, TX to ULL analysis. Accompanying climate data was obtained from WorldClim version 2. In two sites (Huntsville, TX and

28 Oral Abstracts: Student Ten-Minute Paper Competition

Fayetteville, AR), R. flavipes, R. hageni,and R. virginicus were 2-5. Importation biological control of crape myrtle collected and we found no difference in ULL by species bark scale (Acanthococcus lagerstroemiae Kuwa- even though previous studies found species-specific na) in Texas foraging preference for temperature. The ULL of R. flavipes Kenneth Masloski ([email protected]), James Woolley, Peter Krauter, Mengmeng Gu and Kevin was variable ranging from 41.56 °C in Arkansas to 43.69 Heinz, Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX °C in southern Florida. The pattern of thermal tolerance is negatively correlated to latitude (P = 0.03), opposite of Crape myrtle bark scale (Acanthococcus lagerstroemiae the expectations in the CVH. Specifically, termites exposed Kuwana) is an invasive pest of crape myrtle trees to a wider range of temperatures or more seasonality (Lagerstroemiae indica Linneaus) in the United States. have lower ULLs (P = 0.031, P = 0.020 respectively). The Large infestations can lead to branch dieback and difference in inter- and intraspecific patterns of thermal excessive honeydew accumulation, which encourages the tolerance may be important to understanding how development of sooty mold. Originally from China, the individual species adapt to a changing climate. first record of crape myrtle bark scale in Texas occurred in 2004. Current surveys of natural enemies in Texas have not 2-4. Relationship of feeding, growth, and parasitism uncovered any native parasitoids using crape myrtle bark in Acheta domesticus (Orthoptera Gryllidae) scale as a host. Importation biological control efforts are infected with Paragordius varius (Phylum: Nema- being performed to address this emerging pest problem. tomorpha) Samples of twigs of crape myrtle infested with crape myrtle 1 Christina Anaya ([email protected]) , bark scale were sent to the Texas A&M biological control Ben Hanelt2, Matthew Bolek1 and Larisa Vredevoe3, quarantine facility. Twigs were sent from four locations 1Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater, OK, 2Univ. of New Mexico, Alburquerque, NM, 3California Polytechnic in China. Only scales from one location yielded parasitoid State Univ., San Luis Obispo, CA adults. A total of 52 wasps were recovered, of which four groups of wasps were identified: the genus Metaphycus Body size is often a predictor of fecundity in insects (n=39), the genus Moranila (n=3), Tetrastichinae (n=4), and however, changes in body size due to resource allocation an unknown encyrtid (n=6). Moranilla emerged earliest in parasitized insects could affect reproductive output in and the unknown encyrtid emerged latest. More samples female insects. Dietary intake can also affect resource will be collected from China and colonies of the different allocation and is often altered in response to parasite wasp species recovered will be established for use in infection. Hairworms are macroparasites of crickets and experiments to determine the suitability of each wasp as a other arthropods with a complex life cycle utilizing aquatic control agent for crape myrtle bark scale. paratenic hosts and terrestrial final arthropod hosts. The purpose of this study was to examine the feeding behavior 2-6. Investigating the flight capability of the Blat- of female A. domesticus infected with P. varius and examine todea, effects of wing morphology, size and the relationship of growth, egg production, and diet choice behavior in 15 cockroach species Oral Abstracts 2-4 — 2-6 when provided two complementary diets of proteins Fabian List ([email protected]), Bridgett Bene- and carbohydrates. Compared to uninfected controls, dict, Casey Flint, Samuel Howard, Caixing Xiong and infected crickets consumed the same proportions of Hojun Song, Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX macronutrients but consumed 14% less food than the Cockroaches are a scourge of mankind, that is at least what uninfected controls, despite the hairworms increasing many people see in them and that is not completely wrong. their body size more than 5000 times in infected crickets. The order Blattodea (Arthropoda; Insecta) contains many Infected crickets had less mass, shorter body lengths, and more species than just the common household pests. In produced no eggs. Therefore, we predicted that infected fact, the cockroaches that are competing with mankind and control crickets should gain lipids proportionally to are but a small fraction of the order. This overshadowing the amount of food they eat. However, infected crickets impression that pest species leave in our mind has led had to consume 74.21 mg of food to gain 1 mg of lipid to a neglect of the majority of the species that make up compared to uninfected control crickets which consumed Blattodea. The Blattodea are an old order within insects 23.15 mg of food to gain 1 mg of lipids. Taken together, the that dates back about 240 Mya, but to this day have been increase of food required to produce 1 mg of lipid, smaller often overlooked by most researchers. This study set out body size, and lack of eggs suggests that the developing to investigate the flight capability within the Blattodea, hairworm sequesters a substantial amount of nutrients using not only morphological traits, but also behavior data. consumed by infected crickets. By observing actual behavior of individuals jumping from a simple, reproducible pedestal construction, we gained

29 Oral Abstracts: Student Ten-Minute Paper Competition

insight into strength of flight and functionality. We linked 2-8. Use of multiple natural enemies for inoculative this behavior data to geometric morphometrics data on biological control if Bemisia tabaci in green- forewings and hindwings of specimen to find correlations house poinsettia production 1 2 between flight capability and phenotype. Our findings Erfan Vafaie ([email protected]) and Kevin Heinz , 1Texas A&M Univ., Overton, TX, 2Texas A&M Univ., indicate, that while wing morphology is highly likely to College Station, TX impact flight capability, behavior also plays a significant role. Estimating flight ability in the Blattodea is probably Poinsettias [Euphorbia pulcherrima (Willd. ex Klotzsch)] more complicated than the morphological techniques were valued at $140M in 2015, comprising approximately th used so far. We believe our novel approach to assess flight 1/6 of the total value of potted flowering plants in the capability will bring new insights to our understanding US. The main pest of poinsettias are whiteflies, with of flight in the Blattodea, bringing to light some major Bemisia tabaci Gennadius the most commonly occurring in issues with current estimates on the flight capability of the southern USA greenhouses. Whiteflies devalue poinsettia Blattodea. by reducing its aesthetic qualities and limiting interstate transport. Two natural enemies demonstrate promise for 2-7. Could the macroinvertebrate cross the road? use in management of B. tabaci in the warmer climates impact of road-stream crossings on aquatic of southern USA; the parasitoid, Eretmocerus eremicus macroinvertebrates in Oklahoma Rose, and the predatory mite, Amblyseius swirskii Athias- Melissa Reed ([email protected]), James Long Henriot. The two natural enemies used in this study and W. Wyatt Hoback, Oklahoma State Univ., Still- were selected to exploit different life stages of B. tabaci water, OK (i.e. resource partitioning) and have differing dispersal Existing literature shows that road-stream crossings abilities. In this study, we investigate which natural enemy and culverts pose a threat to fish migration in lower composition would best suppress B. tabaci populations order streams, but less is known about whether culverts in large cages (each with 12 potted poinsettias) at release disrupt the within stream movement and distribution of rates economically comparable to current conventional aquatic macroinvertebrates. Culverts impact streams by insecticide inputs: E. eremicus, A. swirskii, or combination narrowing the stream channel which increases stream of the two. Our results demonstrate the use of two velocity and creates a scour pool and an uplifted outflow natural enemies provide no additional pest suppression downstream. In addition, culverts alter the stream ecology compared to use of either natural enemy alone, however, by preventing the movement of substrate and large use of either natural enemy alone provided promising woody debris, causing erosion near the road crossing suppression of whitefly nymphs, pupae, and adults by8 and subsequent sedimentation further downstream. We weeks compared to the control. We plan on investigating investigated the effects of road culverts on the aquatic the robustness of our optimal natural enemy combination macroinvertebrate communities in two stream systems to suppress whiteflies in the face of extraneous factors, (prairie and Ozark highland) in central and eastern such as increased whitefly influx, delay in natural enemy Oklahoma. We collected macroinvertebrates from riffles release, and performance under commercial greenhouse upstream and downstream, at 16 sites, bi-monthly, June conditions. through August 2018. The specific aims of this study were to identify changes in abundance, richness, community 2-9. Within plant canopy distribution of sugarcane composition, and functional groups of macroinvertebrates aphid, Melanaphis sacchari Zehntner, in com- downstream of the culvert. We expect that the mercial grain sorghum channelization and subsequent erosion and sedimentation Jessica Lindenmayer ([email protected]. edu)1, Mark Payton1, Kristopher Giles1, Allen Knut- associated with culverts will affect the downstream benthic son2, Robert Bowling3, Nick Seiter4, Norman Elliott5 macroinvertebrate community. We found a decrease in and Tom Royer1, 1Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater, the benthic macroinvertebrate abundance downstream OK, 2Texas A&M Univ., Dallas, TX, 3Texas A&M Univ., Oral Abstracts 2-7 — 2-9 of culverts at sample sites in both stream systems. Data Corpus Christi, TX, 4Univ. of Illinois, Champaign, IL, 5 obtained from this study will aid in the understanding of USDA - ARS, Stillwater, OK the ecological impacts of road culverts. Sugarcane aphid, (Melanaphis sacchari Zehntner) an invasive pest since 2013, remains an economic pest of sorghum at varying levels throughout much of the United

30 Oral Abstracts: Student Ten-Minute Paper Competition

States, especially the southern region. In the early stages Johnsongrass, and a resistant and susceptible grain of invasion, the aphid caused rapid and severe yield loss sorghum. Sugarcane aphid clones from different hosts and in sorghum which required the implementation of rapid geographical regions varied in performance among plant sampling and treatment protocols based largely on hosts. The survivorship and reproduction of sugarcane previous knowledge and subjective observational data. The collected aphid clone (SuSCA) was significantly higher when most commonly-used protocol used aphid counts from an offered sugarcane (>85%) as compared to other hosts and upper-most and lower-most 90% green leaf to estimate in contrast, there was negligible survival and reproduction aphid intensity. This study evaluated which leaves within when SoSCA and CoSCA were offered sugarcane as host. the sorghum canopy were most predictive of the total Genotyping of the aphid clones collected from various aphid numbers within a whole plant. We examined 1,644 hosts with microsatellite markers indicated that SuSCA was sorghum plants taken from 134 sampling sites across a different genotype and belonged to multilocus lineage, Kansas, Oklahoma, Texas, and Arkansas. Individual leaves MLL-D as compared to SoSCA and CoSCA which belonged were then classified into upper, middle, and lower canopy to MLL-F. Our results suggest that there exist two different then analyzed for predictability of total aphids per plant biotypes of M. sacchari within the U.S., and that they based on location (e.g. state) and growth stage. Results cannot be distinguished by taxonomic or morphometric showed that leaves from the middle of the plant canopy characteristics. provided the strongest relationship (R2 = 0.9636) between aphid numbers/leaf and aphid numbers/plant. This study 2-11. A comparison of monarch butterfly egg laying gives conclusive evidence that sampling protocols for on native vs non-native milkweed estimating sugarcane aphid intensity in sorghum should David Berman ([email protected]) and Kristen Baum, Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater, OK include leaves from the middle of the plant canopy in order to improve precision and lead to better treatment Monarch butterflies (Danaus plexippus plexippus) migrate decisions. from overwintering grounds in central Mexico to breeding grounds in the Upper Midwest and southern Canada. Texas 2-10. Evidence of host plant specialization among the is critical to the migratory population because it provides U.S. sugarcane aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) nectar for spring and fall migrants and milkweed, which genotypes they rely on as a host plant, for 1st and 5th generation Sulochana Paudyal (sulochana.paudyal@okstate. caterpillars. There are approximately 36 native species edu)1, J. Scott Armstrong2, Karen Harris-Shultz3, Hongliang Wang4, Kristopher Giles1, Philippe Rott5 of milkweed in Texas, as well as 5 species of related and Mark Payton1, 1Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwa- non-native host plants. There have been concerns about ter, OK, 2USDA - ARS, Stillwater, OK, 3USDA - ARS, monarchs disproportionately using non-native milkweeds Tifton, GA, 4USDA - ARS, Manhattan, KS, 5Univ. of in garden settings for egg laying and the potential for

Florida, Belle Glade, FL Oral Abstracts 2-10 — 2-11 increases in disease and parasitism rates as a result. We The sugarcane aphid (Melanaphis sacchari (Zehnter) evaluated egg laying activity in Texas in 3 main regions over (Hemiptera: Aphididae)) has become a serious pest of 4 habitat types (garden, field, roadside, and riparian) to sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) in the U.S. since determine the number of eggs laid on different milkweed it was detected in Texas in 2013. The sugarcane aphid species. At each site, we counted number of milkweed and was considered only a pest on sugarcane in Florida recorded the number of eggs per plant. We estimated the and Louisiana for over three decades before the 2013 average number of eggs per plant at each site by dividing outbreak. Recent studies suggest that the 2013 outbreak the number of eggs found on each species by the number in sorghum was due to the introduction of new genotype. of plants of that species at a site. We also determined Our scope for this study was to quantify the phenotypic the average number of eggs laid on each individual plant behaviors (host suitability as measured through life table by only including plants that had eggs present in the statistics) and genetic diversity among sugarcane aphid calculation. Preliminary results suggest that non-native clones collected from different hosts. We collected a tropical milkweed (Asclepias currassavica) has a higher diverse group of sugarcane aphid clones from sorghum number of eggs per plant on average, and has more eggs (SoSCA), sugarcane (SuSCA), and Columbus grass (CoSCA) laid on each individual plant. These results have important and determined host suitability when introduced to five implications for monarch use of non-native milkweeds and different plants including sugarcane, Columbus grass, associated disease concerns.

31 Oral Abstracts: Student Ten-Minute Paper Competition

2-12. Do larger native bees fly farther and increase two 60 m x 2 m belt transects. At the landscape scale, land seed set in canola (Brassica napus) fields? cover/land at 200, 500, and 1000 m buffers surrounding Sarah Elzay ([email protected]) and Kristen each of the sampling locations was calculated. Generalized Baum, Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater, OK mixed-effect models (GLMM) were used to assess the Ongoing declines of bee diversity and abundance are relationships of local habitat and scalar landscapes with expected to have cascading effects throughout the wild bee abundances and species richness. Overall, a total ecosystem and jeopardize food security. Understanding of 17,725 bees belonging to five families, 49 genera and the scale at which native bees forage within an agricultural 106 species/morphospecies were collected. Farm type landscape is an important component of developing and the presence of CRP had a significant effect on bee effective conservation efforts to support native bees. abundance and diversity (p < 0.05), while floral abundance Foraging ranges of native bee species will also inform and richness were significant predictors of bee abundance the extent to which native bees pollinate crops species. and richness. At the landscape level, native land (with no In the southern Great Plains, Brassica napus (canola) recent history of farming) was a significant factor increasing is an important biofuel crop that benefits from bee bee richness across all scales, while developed land use pollination. At three increasing distances into canola was a significant predictor of abundance and generic fields (75, 150, and 300 meters), we measured body size richness. Findings provide basic biological information to (using intertegular span) of a common native bee species support the conservation of pollinators and their services (Agapostemon texanus) as well as seed set of canola. in intensified agricultural grasslands. We found positive correlations between body size and distance into canola fields as well as seed set and distance into canola fields. Our results suggest that larger bodied Student Ten Minute Paper individuals that fly farther into the field may be particularly important in pollinating the interior of canola fields, where Competition: Master’s seed set increased. Supporting and conserving native 3-1. Engorged with data: Using surveys to assess bees in modified landscapes may be important for crop college students’ understanding of ticks production, especially in the context of continued honey Elizabeth Knowlton ([email protected]), bee decline. Justin Talley, Bruce Noden and W. Wyatt Hoback, Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater, OK 2-13. Assessing Ant-aphid mutualisms in invasive Ticks (Arachnida: Acari) are common in Oklahoma and insect species cause tick-borne diseases among community members. Jocelyn R. Holt ([email protected]) and Raul F. Because it is difficult to reduce tick populations, and Medina, Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX because tick-borne diseases lack vaccines, awareness of Mutualistic interactions between tawnt crazy ants and tick bite prevention, proper tick removal, and when to seek sugarcane aphids were assessed. medical treatment are critical. However, outreach and extension programs are hampered by a lack of knowledge 2-14. A local and scalar analysis of bee abundance of what community members know about ticks. With and diversity in the Texas High Plains agricul- Institutional Review Board approval, we surveyed college tural region students enrolled in two non-majors and two Entomology Samuel Discua ([email protected]) and Scott majors courses at Oklahoma State University in 2018. A Longing, Texas Tech Univ., Lubbock, TX total of 552 students were invited to take the survey. In Agricultural intensification and the loss of natural habitats total, 405 (73.37% response rate) took the beginning-of- are factors that threaten pollinator populations across semester survey, 348 (63.04% response rate) took the end- agroecosystems. On the Texas High Plains, little is known of-semester survey, and 234 students took the survey both about the influence of broad agricultural production and Oral Abstracts 2-12 — 3-1 times. Beginning-of-semester survey responses indicate habitat fragmentation on pollinator communities. This lower levels of knowledge of tick biology compared to study was conducted to determine the relationships of local end-of-semester survey responses. For both beginning- and scalar landscape structure on native bee abundance and end-of-semester respondents, the most challenging and richness across agroecosystems in a six-county region survey questions were about tick dispersal. Specifically, in western Texas. In 2016 and 2017, pollinator communities “ticks can jump” and “ticks reside up in trees” received were sampled using pan traps and hand netting in 43 the fewest correct responses of “Not true”. In addition, a agroecosystem habitats. Local habitat was measured in majority of survey respondents consider the predominant

32 Oral Abstracts: Student Ten-Minute Paper Competition tick-borne illness in Oklahoma to be Lyme disease—in hosts with Haemoproteusspp.has a detrimental impact on reality it is not transmitted within the state. With continued the survivorship of the mosquito. Here we infect locally analysis, we hope to identify further knowledge gaps and colonized Culex quinquefasciatus with locally obtained ways to improve safe tick practices. In particular, we hope Haemoproteus parasite from Passerine birds. Survivorship to improve the understanding of tick dispersal, so that analysis is then conducted to ascertain the impact of community members are better equipped to avoid tick infection on these mosquitoes. Preliminary data suggests habitat and use preventative strategies like body checks that there is no immediate impact on the survivorship after entering tick-infested areas. of the mosquitoes, but more work is needed to fully understand if there is an impact. 3-2. The influence of eastern red cedar on Tabani- dae populations in Oklahoma 3-4. Efficacy evaluations of various insecticidal ap- Kylie Sherrill ([email protected])1, Justin Talley1, plication methods for the control of horn flies Bruce Noden1, Laura Goodman1 and John Scasta2, (Diptera: Muscidae) 1Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater, OK, 2Univ. of Diego Garcia ([email protected]) and Brandon Wyoming, Laramie, WY Smythe, New Mexico State Univ., Las Cruces, NM Horse flies (Tabanidae) are commonly associated with Horn flies (Haematobia irritans) are considered to be one pastured beef systems in the southern United States and of the most economically damaging pests of rangeland are one of the most difficult fly pests to control. Tabanids cattle and on-animal insecticidal application methods have are strong visual predators with a painful bite and can fly proven to be effective for control. Historically, insecticide miles in order to find their hosts. Cattle are continually delivery systems have included chemically impregnated exposed to multiple of species of tabanids throughout the ear tags and formulated pour-ons, sprays, and dusts. summer but little is known about the effect of landscapes Furthermore, application methods of formulated products and vegetation type on tabanid behavior. In the last few have included backpack and handheld spray devices, direct decades there has been an increase in Eastern Red Cedar, delivery of pour-on products, and self-application devices Juniperus virginiana, encroachment across Oklahoma. The such as back rubbers. More recently, the use of formulated majority of Western Oklahoma is prairie, however, and product enclosed within a gelatin capsule that is delivered cedar is taking over and altering the landscape. Biting fly by a compressed air rifle has entered the market of horn populations as well as the diseases they vector have been fly control. Previous studies have shown effective control on the rise. The objective of this study is to determine if a of horn fly populations using this delivery method in connection between the Eastern Red Cedar and tabanid comparison to pour-on and ear tag treatments. However, populations in Oklahoma exists or if the flies accept any there is limited information regarding direct comparisons wooded habitat. In 2017 and 2018 we employed two of the different applications methods using equivalent different styled traps into habitat classified on the amount concentrations of formulated products for the control Oral Abstracts 3-2 — 3-5 of Eastern Red Cedar to monitor the Tabanus, Chrysops of horn flies. Obtaining such information could provide and Hybomitra in the area. Data was collected for 20 weeks valuable information regarding expectations of effective and analyzed. The data was analyzed with a SAS statistical control across multiple application methods. Therefore, package as well as a PCA analysis. Habitat association was the objective of the current study was to evaluate the significantly different between habitats. The overall goal of efficacy of a pour on application as well as compressed this project is to develop a working model that incorporates air treatment in group and individually against horn flies Eastern Red Cedar density to predict potential tabanid artificially infested in a controlled environment. population outbreaks in Oklahoma beef pastures. 3-5. Eastern grape leafhopper, Erythroneura comes 3-3. Title: The consequence of avian malarial infec- (Say), phenology and differential abundance on tion on Culex quinquefasciatus survivorship grape cultivars in an Oklahoma vineyard Dayvion Adams ([email protected]), Andrew Kevin Jarrell ([email protected]), Eric Golnar and Gabriel Hamer, Texas A&M Univ., Col- Rebek, Kristopher Giles and Astri Wayadande, Okla- lege Station, TX homa State Univ., Stillwater, OK Haemoproteus is one genus of avian malaria parasite Eastern grape leafhopper, Erythroneura comes (Say), an with a metropolitan distribution with upwards of 80% important pest of grapes in the eastern half of the United infection prevalence in birds. It has been previously States, is capable of negatively impacting quality and demonstrated that infection of incidental mosquito quantity of the crop. We investigated the phenology (i.e.,

33 Oral Abstracts: Regular Ten-Minute Paper Oral

seasonal development) of this insect and its abundance Regular Ten-Minute Paper Oral on eight grape cultivars from 2016 through 2018 in an Oklahoma vineyard. The phenology work involved using the single sine wave growing degree-day model to calculate degree days above a lower developmental threshold of Regular Ten Minute Paper 50°F. Leafhopper nymphs were counted weekly on 100 Session Tuesday grape leaves distributed randomly throughout the vineyard. We observed three and occasionally four population peaks 4-3. Mesquite twig girdler, Oncideres rhodosticta, response to volatile organic compounds from in 2016 through 2018. We report and discuss degree-day hosts – does spillover limit biological control calculations for generational peaks, as well as differences potential? between the abundance of this insect on various cultivars. David C. Thompson ([email protected]), Ikju Finally, we present future research opportunities as well as Park, Danielle Lara and Alejandra Mercado, New implications for improved management of eastern grape Mexico State Univ., Las Cruces, NM leafhopper in Oklahoma vineyards based on the findings Honey mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa Torr.) is the most of this study. common woody plant on more than 28 million ha of semi-arid southwestern rangelands. Attempts to control 3-6. Landrace and commercial varieties of dry mesquite using a variety of techniques have been beans: some resistance traits to greenhouse implemented for the past century including mechanical whitefly and effect on parasitism byEncarsia formosa removal (grubbing), adjusting stocking rates, and applying Renato Villegas-Luján (renato_villegas1988@ both stem and foliar herbicide either aerially or through hotmail.com) and Sergio Sánchez-Peña, Universi- individual plant treatments. Regardless of which control dad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Saltillo, CU, measures are used, numerous native insects feed on Mexico mesquite. Although native insects commonly cause The whitefly Trialeurodes vaporariorum is a major pest considerable damage to weed species, their use as a in agriculture. Its control is mainly based in chemical management tool is often overlooked. During 2018, insecticides. Application of these has sometimes induced densities of the mesquite twig girdler, Oncideres rhodosticta resistance, loss of natural enemies and environmental Bates, in southern New Mexico were substantial. This degradation. Plant resistance to insects and biological insect has potential as a biological control agent in control are two sustainable management strategies. Our other parts of the world, such as South Africa, where objective was to assess the effect of two dry bean (Phaseolus mesquite is an invasive plant. It is critical to establish the vulgaris) cultivars on some population parameters of T. mechanisms of host choice and to determine if damage vaporariorum, and the effect of these cultivars on biological to alternate hosts is simply a transitional spillover due to control by the wasp endoparasitoid of whitefly nymphs, high densities or the result of a broad physiological host Encarsia formosa. The cultivars tested were: a Mexican range. We used this opportunity to explore the responses high plains traditional landrace of “Flor de Mayo” type; and of adult beetles to the volatile organic compounds from a commercial high-yielding type, “Pinto Saltillo”. In both mesquite, other native trees and shrubs showing damage. choice and no-choice tests, there were usually significantly Preliminary research shows that twig girdlers are strongly more whitefly adults/cm2 of the underside of leaves and attracted to undamaged mesquite branches over those more eggs/cm2 leaves on the commercial cultivar, Pinto recently damaged. Under high population densities, adult Saltillo. There were no statistically significant effects of beetles will girdle and lay eggs in several congeneric and bean cultivars on percent parasitism by E. formosa or on confamilial native and ornamental hosts. Survival and host percent emergence of the parasitoid. The landrace bean choice are under evaluation. cultivar “Flor de Mayo” tested here can have significant Oral Abstracts 3-6 — 4-4 traits for selection of resistance to whitefly; also, in this 4-4. Host recognition of Rhinocyllus conicus to vola- case, the landrace was as compatible with parasitoid tile organic compounds from endangered and invasive thistles action as the commercial cultivar. Ikju Park ([email protected]) and David C Thomp- son, New Mexico State Univ., Las Cruces, NM Although more than 99% of released weed biological control agents do not impact native plant populations, direct non-target attacks of native plant species still raise

34 Oral Abstracts: Regular Ten-Minute Paper Oral potential concerns in classical biological weed control for them in choice assays. Non-glandular trichomes were programs. It is particularly true for the flowerhead particularly damaging, as they suppressed mass gain, and weevil, Rhinocyllus conicus Frölich, which was released as increased time to pupation. While glandular trichomes a biological control agent for the invasive musk thistle also affected growth, their effects were significantly lower (Carduus nutans L.). While weevils successfully suppressed compared to non-glandular ones. Taken together, our introduced populations of musk thistles and other invasive results show that feeding on trichomes can have negative thistle species, non-target attacks have been reported effects on herbivore growth and development, and should on native thistles including federally listed threatened be examined further. and endangered (T&E) thistle species. To investigate the foraging behavior of female R. conicus on invasive and 4-6. Leaffooted bug joins the complex of sucking native thistles in the Southwestern US, we examined bugs that injure cotton bolls, if the timing is right volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from C. nutans Michael Brewer ([email protected]) and and a native T&E thistle, Sacramento Mountains thistle James Glover, Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Corpus (Cirsium vinaceum Wooton & Standley) in the Lincoln Christi, TX National Forest, New Mexico. Using a dynamic headspace Leaffooted bug, Leptoglossus phyllopus (Hemiptera: volatile collection system and gas chromatography-mass Coreidae), has been observed in large numbers on cotton spectrometry, we identified 49 chemical compounds, late season in south Texas and elsewhere, but reports of mainly green leaf volatiles and sesquiterpenes, from C. economic damage are sporadic. Field-collected leaffooted nutans and C. vinaceum. Among them, female R. conicus bugs were caged on cotton to characterize boll injury and reacted to several electrophysiologically active chemical examine within-plant distribution of boll injury within the compounds in the blends based on gas chromatography- context of its late-season occurrence. Boll injury type and electroantennography. The behavioral response of female symptomology of cotton boll rot observed on leaffooted weevils was indifferent when VOCs from both thistles bug-infested bolls were similar to that documented for were offered in y-tube olfactometry experiments. Yet, stink bugs and plant bugs (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae they preferred VOCs collected from C. nutans to controls in and Miridae, respectively). There was more boll injury behavioral bioassays. Further, the searching time of female to relatively younger bolls in the middle branch section weevils was longer when offered VOCs collected from C. of the plant than on bolls in lower branches. Associated vinaceum over controls. Thus, investigating olfactory cues cotton boll rot generally followed the same pattern: associated with the initial host recognition of released higher frequency of boll rot symptoms on bolls in the biological control agents may lead to new opportunities to middle branches (average of 30%). Despite boll injury and enhance their environmental safety in the United States. rot at levels known to affect yield, there were no yield 4-5. Effects of leaf trichomes on herbivore feeding, differences detected in the late-season cotton caged in Oral Abstracts 4-5 — 4-7 growth and development these experiments. Overall, leaffooted bug injured bolls, Rupesh Kariyat ([email protected]), Univ. and data supported it as a suspect vector of cotton boll rot. of Texas, Edinburg, TX Yet, yield loss was not detected using late season cotton that coincided when leaffooted bug has been observed Trichomes, the hair like projections on plant leaves, have in commercial fields. We propose that risk of yield impact been well studied as an herbivore defense. However, is low when leaffooted bug movement into cotton is first whether variation in trichome type can have negative detected late season, as typically occurs now in south effects through the different stages of caterpillar life cycle Texas. Should leaffooted bug occur earlier in cotton is poorly understood. Using Solanum elaeagnifolium that development, risk to yield likely increases. Further study produce non-glandular stellate trichomes, and Solanum would help evaluated the degree of risk across boll age lycopersicum that predominantly produce glandular, and cotton development. non-branched trichomes, we examined how trichomes affect choice and growth of Manduca sexta, a specialist 4-7. Role of insecticidal seed treatments managing herbivore of plants species belonging to the Solanaceae. early season insect pests in cotton To accomplish this, we removed leaf trichomes and added Suhas Vyavhare ([email protected])1 them into artificial diet for caterpillars, and allowed the and Blayne Reed2, 1Texas A&M Univ., Lubbock, TX, caterpillars to grow and develop. Our results show that 2Texas A&M Univ., Plainview, TX trichomes negatively affected caterpillar body mass and mass gain, although there was no preference or aversion

35 Oral Abstracts: Regular Ten-Minute Paper Oral

Thrips are early-season pests of seedling cotton, Gossypium and 2-to-24-fold decreases in the ratio of herbivores to hirsutum L. The onion thrips, Thrips tabaci and western detritivores following plant invasion. We feel these results flower thrips,Frankliniella occidentalis are the predominant offer substantial support for a “green to brown” shift in species in the Texas High Plains region. Thrips attack arthropod trophic structure. Many arthropods associated leaves, leaf buds, and very small squares, causing a with our nonnative plants were nonnative as well, silvering of the lower leaf surface, deformed or blackened suggesting that nonnative plants may facilitate further leaves, and terminal and square loss. Severe infestations invasions and promote community homogeneity. This can destroy terminal buds, causing excessive branching shift in trophic structure, coupled with multiple invasions, of the plants and delayed plant growth. Insecticidal may have negative consequences on ecosystem services seed treatments have become an industry standard. and especially to wildlife that depend on arthropods as a However, additional foliar insecticide application(s) are food source. We stress the importance of incorporating often required to effectively control thrips incurring high arthropod sampling protocols into management programs input costs for growers. A field study was conducted aimed at restoring ecosystem structure and function on commercial cotton field near Kress, TX to evaluate following plant invasion. efficacy of various insecticidal seed treatments to help consultants and producers select proper treatments. At 4-9. Early autumn parasitism of cereal aphids by 1 true leaf stage (25 DAP), plots treated with Aeris, Avicta Hymenopteran parasitoids in wheat fields and wheat field borders Elite Cotton, and Gaucho 600 + Poncho VOTiVO showed ([email protected])1, significantly fewer thrips compared to untreated check. At Norman Elliott Kristopher Giles2, Michael Brewer3 and Casi Jessie4, 4 true leaf stage (33DAP), only the plots treated with Avicta 1USDA - ARS, Stillwater, OK, 2Oklahoma State Univ., Elite Cotton and Gaucho 600 + Poncho VOTiVO sustained Stillwater, OK, 3Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Cor- fewer thrips compared to untreated check. Thrips damage pus Christi, TX, 4Oregon State Univ., Corvallis, OR ratings showed all treatments except Cruiser 5FS to have Winter wheat, Triticum aestivum L., is widely grown in significantly less damage than the untreated check at1 Oklahoma and is planted in early autumn and harvested in true leaf stage. While at 4 true leaf stage, thrips damage June. Wheat often is infested by cereal aphids. The objective ratings showed all treatments except Avicta Duo Cotton to of the research was to determine the relationship between have less damage than the untreated check. parasitism rates of cereal aphids on plants in the borders of wheat fields and in the wheat fields. Three parasitoid 4-8. From green to brown: Restructuring of arthro- species were reared from cereal aphids on sentinel plants in pod communities following plant invasion in the mid-Atlantic borders and wheat fields. Lysiphlebus testaceipes (Cresson) Adam Mitchell ([email protected])1 and was the most abundant species, followed by Aphelinus Douglas W. Tallamy2, 1Tarleton State Univ., Ste- nigritus Howard and Diaeretiella rapae (M’Intosh). There phenville, TX, 2Univ. of Delaware, Newark, DE was no significant correlation for any species between Nonnative plants reduce biodiversity at local scales the number of individuals emerging from aphids on through the displacement of native plant hosts and the sentinel plants in field borders before wheat was planted restructuring of trophic relationships between host plants to the number emerging from sentinel plants in borders and herbivores. However, how plant invasion affects after emergence of wheat plants, or for the number of organisms in other trophic levels is not well understood. individuals emerging from sentinel plants in field borders We posit that the disconnect between herbivores and after emergence of wheat to the number emerging at the novel hosts would result in energy transferring not same time from sentinel plants in adjacent wheat fields. through the “green” food web (one driven by herbivores), Within a habitat there were significant correlations among but instead through the “brown” food web (one driven by species for the number of individuals emerging. detritivores), as unconsumed plant biomass accumulates Oral Abstracts 4-8 — 4-10 4-10. Reducing insect infestations in stored grain as plant litter. We conducted a field study to determine the facilities restructuring of trophic relationships in native arthropods Edmond L. Bonjour (edmond.bonjour@okstate. following plant invasion using a suite of 8 nonnative plant edu), Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater, OK species and their native comparisons throughout the Mid- There are many steps that can be taken to reduce insect Atlantic region, summer 2015. Overall, we observed fewer infestations in grain storage facilities. Some of these species and abundance of herbivores in 7 of 8 nonnative steps include a good sanitation program for the facility plants, more detritivores in 5 of 8 nonnative plants, and all grain handling equipment, removing grass and

36 Oral Abstracts: Student Three-Minute Presentations weeds from around the storage structure, sealing holes on eastern cedar (Juniperus virginiana). Following this and cracks in the structure, maintaining all equipment, discovery we tested whether M. denticrus is able to applying an empty-structure treatment to kill residual complete its lifecycle on exclusively cedar foliage and how insect populations, and using perimeter insecticides to this diet impacted body size and fecundity compared to prevent insects from coming into the facility. Paying close a diet of rose leaves. We found that M. denticrus can be attention to all these details will help protect your grain successfully reared on cedar. However, adult body length commodity from deterioration from insects. was significantly shorter for females when fed cedar as opposed to rose (P = 0.000172), although this pattern 4-11. Sorghum growth and sugarcane aphid-plant in- did not extend to males (P = 0.675). As an approximation teractions are altered when grown under light of fecundity, we measured egg size and found females emitting diodes of the incorrect light spectrum fed cedar laid lighter eggs compared to those fed rose ([email protected]. J. Scott Armstrong (P = 0.0108). Despite the size and fecundity decrease, M. gov)1, Ankur Lamaje2, W. Wyatt Hoback2 and Sulochana Paudyal2, 1USDA - ARS, Stillwater, OK, denticrus nymphs may still be commonly found on cedar 2Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater, OK either because: (1) the benefit of increased camouflage outweighs the impact on size and fecundity; or (2) these We evaluated a set of LED grow panels on sorghum stick insects switch host plants in nature over the course growth and observed for the sorghum / sugarcane their lifecycle. aphid interactions when the plants were both infested and not infested on resistant and susceptible sorghums 5-2. Assessing mutualisms in invasive insect pests and compared the same to conventional lighting. We Jocelyn R. Holt ([email protected]) and Raul F. also measured the light spectrum with highly sensitive Medina, Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX instrumentation. There were only 2 light emmissions detected at 457 nm (blue) and 636 nm (red) for the LED’s When species arrive to a new location, they do not arrive and the conventional lighting was normal. Sorghum alone. Each introduced species comes with its own grown under LEDs had significantly greater biomass, microbiome (i.e. bacteria, fungi and viruses) and can but significantly reduced height, less leaves, and less establish new mutualisms involving both microscopic and chlorophyll. In trials with aphids, both conditions supported macroscopic organisms in its introduced region. These similar numbers of aphids but plants grown under LED new mutualisms may facilitate their invasion success. had higher damage ratings than those under conventional Examining mutualistic interactions between invasive pest lights. The bizzare effects on sorghum physiology and species, provides an opportunity to study the evolution of the interactions on the aphids will be presented in this mutualisms among invasive species. presentation.

Symposia Oral Abstracts 4-11 — 7-1 Student Three-Minute Presentations Innovations in Entomology Education Student Three-Minute Presentations Current Research & Extension Topics in Urban & 5-1. The giant walkingstick (Megaphasma denticrus) feeding on eastern cedar (Juniperus virginiana) Landscape Entomology in the Mark Janowiecki ([email protected]), Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX Southwestern US Megaphasma denticrus (Stal) is the largest U.S. stick insect 7-1. Cost, IPM, and measuring the success of school and is commonly found across the central part of the IPM programs: Lessons learned from a 20-year country. Previously, it has been reported to feed on oak, mandate 1 elm, mesquite, hackberry, grasses, and grape vines. In Janet Hurley ([email protected]) , Michael Merchant2 and Blake Bennett1, 1Texas A&M Univ., both Arkansas and Texas, we found young nymphs (3rd Dallas, TX, 2Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service, th – 4 instar) of this species commonly, and exclusively, Dallas, TX

37 Oral Abstracts: Innovations in Entomology Education

To protect children, the Texas Legislature passed a 7-4. New and better technologies for general pest law in the early 1990’s requiring that Integrated Pest management in urban environment Management (IPM) practices be used to manage pests in Raj Saran ([email protected]), Bayer US LLC, and around school facilities. The rules require each school Research Triangle Park, NC board in Texas adopt an IPM policy consistent with the laws Pests in urban environment are always a challenge to governing pesticide use and proven IPM principles. Schools control and the introduction of a novel chemistry just for must make their policy available for the public to review. this market segment is highly cost prohibitive. However, Each district is required to designate an IPM Coordinator companies such as Bayer with its research and development who is responsible ensuring that the school follows the focus, innovation capabilities, and digital technology has IPM policy. The IPM Coordinator’s responsibilities include provided very effective formulations and monitoring tools educating staff about the IPM program, monitoring for to pest management industry. Deltagard®, Barricor®, and pest problems, and scheduling and keeping records of all Rodent Monitoring System (RMS) developed by Bayer are pesticide applications made on District property. Using some recent products which are developed to increase the the state law, surveys, school site compliance audits, IPM operational efficiency of the pest control companies in the Star certification audits, and workgroup research study to field. Deltagard® is a novel mosquito adulticide, a water look at what schools are spending on their IPM programs based formulation proven to be highly effective in both we have learned that the number of variables makes it ground and aerial ULV application studies against several difficult to say that cost is a barrier to adopting integrated mosquito species. Barricor® a new formulation type (Solid pest management in a school setting. Particle, SP) has proven to be effective on challenging surfaces and different environmental situations. Similarly, 7-2. Emerging pest problems in southwestern urban RMS has demonstrated that it is a great tool for pest landscapes management and food safety professionals to reduce Carol Sutherland ([email protected]), New Mex- rodent infestations and increase the monitoring efficiency. ico Dept. of Agriculture, Las Cruces, NM The Southwestern US has become an attractive destination 7-5. Integrating new technology into filth fly pro- not only for people to relocate but also pests. As existing grams for food production and food service urban landscapes age, weather conditions go through Emory Matts ([email protected]), Rentok- cycles and more people arrive with little or no experience il, Carrollton, TX in maintaining landscapes, Extension entomologists and Filth flies are potential sources of food contamination at others may expect more inquiries from the public about various stages from raw materials to finished goods so what is happening entomologically to their beloved trees, thorough control throughout the process is important. shrubs and lawns---and why can’t they fix every problem Traditionally, programs mainly consisted of pyrethroid/ with pesticides? pyrethrum products, organophosphate fly baits, along with insect light traps. In the past ten years many new items 7-3. Biting mites (Acari: Mesostigmata): Research for flies have become available including non-repellent and extension needs actives, insect growth regulators, along with new fly baits, Michael Merchant ([email protected]), Tex- Insect Light Traps, and bioremediation. Integrating new as A&M AgriLife Extension Service, Dallas, TX technology with action thresholds and data analysis can Mites from the family Macronyssidae and others help protect food safety while reducing potential impact occasionally serve as causes of human dermatitis and to the environment. Example case studies will be explored vectors of disease. Yet these arthropods are poorly with several filth fly species. understood, and little field research has been conducted on applied biology and control. In this paper, a review of 7-6. Managing stored product pests from a pest

Oral Abstracts 7-2 — 7-6 the literature is presented along with data from Extension management perspective sources about the importance of these pests in urban Pari Pachamuthu (pari.pachamuthu@rentokil. entomology. com), Rentokil, Houston, TX Food Modernization act (FSMA, December 2010) has shifted the focus to more on prevention based controls to protect our food chain, starting from farm to table. FSMA relies on Inspection/Compliance/response time/ partnership to keep our food safe. Stored product pests

38 Oral Abstracts: Innovations in Entomology Education are a major pest group dealt with by pest management were genetically analyzed by sequencing the COII gene for professionals in processing/production facilities. It is more species ID. Samples (ca.10 individuals) of Reticulitermes challenging due to richness of pest species encountered, spp. were genotyped at several microsatellite loci for regulations resolving conducive conditions, and selecting colony identification. Presence and location of individual appropriate IPM strategies for both short/long term colonies were tracked over time. Data through 20 months solutions. Rentokil-Steritech pest management program in after installation will be presented. these facilities are set up based on risk-based assessment. The talk will focus on FSMA requirements and strategies to . Western Gulf Center of Excellence outreach set up an effective program. update Sonja Swiger ([email protected])1, Whitney 2 3 4 1 7-7. New directions and advances in termite baiting Qualls , Patrick Prather and Scott Weaver , Texas 2 systems A&M Univ., Stephenville, TX, Texas Dept. of State Health Services, Austin, TX, 3Municipal Mosquito, Phillip Shults ([email protected]) and Edward Richardson, TX, 4Univ. of Texas Medical Branch, Vargo, Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX Galveston, TX The control of subterranean termites is vital to the The Western Gulf Center of Excellence for Vector-Borne protection of our homes and other important structures Disease was established in 2016 through funding from that incorporate wood as a construction element. This need the CDC. This center is headquartered at the University for effective control measures has only increased with the of Texas Medical Branch, with multiple academic partners introduction of the invasive Coptotermes formosanus and including the University of Texas Rio Grande Valley and C. gestroi. For nearly 30 years termite baiting systems have Texas A&M University, as well as state and local public been used in lieu of traditional liquid barrier treatments health partners. The goals of this center are to advance and have been shown to be highly effective with regards research in the areas of vector-borne disease, including to their ability to totally eliminate subterranean termite disease surveillance, insecticide resistance, vector biology colonies. The insect growth regulators used in baits and ecology, and control strategies, and to educate disrupt the molting process of the workers and eventually current and future public health scientists trough diverse lead to the collapse of the colony. However, the speed educational and outreach programs. at which this happens and the dependence on foragers finding the baits are weaknesses associated with baiting. Multiple applied research projects are being led by In this presentation, we will highlight a variety of current individuals within the center, and will be conducted research projects being conducted to improve baiting alongside outreach, education, and training programs for technologies by increasing their durability and versatility. both vector-control personnel and students interested in Our results demonstrate the effectiveness of using baits vector-borne disease. In addition to these efforts, we are to control subterranean termites and that baiting systems also engaged in active disease and vector surveillance can be used as both a curative and preventative treatment

 efforts in the lower Rio Grande Valley, the site ofZika Oral Abstracts 7-7 around man-made and natural structures. circulation, chikungunya, dengue and West Nile viruses as well as Chagas disease parasites. 7-8. Subterranean termite (Reticulitermes & Amiter- mes spp.) colony activity over time within a 1 acre grid in central Texas Educational outreach programs are being conducted state Bob Davis ([email protected]), BASF Corpora- and region-wide to better enhance and standardize the tion, Pflugerville, TX techniques used by vector management and public health A field study with a 1.22 acre grid of ATBS Termite sectors. Since fall of 2017, eleven 3-day training workshops Stations was installed in May 2017. Stations (133) were have been held and over 275 individuals have attended the installed within the soil on 20 ft. centers. Each station was trainings. Five more trainings are planned for 2019 with a comprised of station housing, termite inspection cartridge need for more. and termite monitoring boards. Each station was inspected at 2-4 month intervals. Data collected upon inspection included termite activity, termite feeding, presence of mold, component degradation, and presence or absence of ants. When termite were present they were collected and stored for species ID & DNA analysis. Samples (10 each)

39 Oral Abstracts: Regular Ten-Minute Paper Oral

8-3. Community composition and functional diversi- Regular Ten-Minute Paper Oral ty in pollinator habitat seed mixes: Do designer plants meet their goals? Robert Cox and Scott Longing (scott.longing@ttu. Regular Ten Minute Paper edu), Texas Tech Univ., Lubbock, TX Session Wednesday The restoration and enhancement of pollinator habitat often follows recommendations of wildflower seed mixes 8-1. Role of Azadirachtin; benefits and limitations based on known plant-pollinator relationships and bloom Manuel Campos (mcampos@biosafesystems. characteristics. As descriptors of the functional diversity of com), BioSafe Systems, East Hartford, CT plant communities, plant traits provide a means to relate The Azadirachtin is a widely used botanical insecticide ecosystem services such as pollination and biocontrol which has been used in controlling insect pests in many to management options and the insect communities organic crops. Three most important arguments support resulting from active restoration. Furthermore, the charge the use of Azadirachtin are: environmental safety, low among global regions to enhance resources for pollinators or no toxicity for vertebrates and as tool to prevent precedes an understanding of how selected plant traits resistance development. However, despite these positive influence insect communities including focal species. We arguments, several limiting factors are associated with compiled a list of 213 pollinator plants from 24 commercial Azadirachtin that prevent their wider use or restrict their seed sources and conservation recommendations and practical applications. This presentation will mention the used this list to analyze 1) the composition of the total advantages and disadvantages of Azadirachtin that limit to seed-mix community, 2) frequencies of specialized bee- their practical use. plants, and 3) functional traits of seed mixes. We found recommended species represent 28 plant families, though 8-2. Evaluation of “Candidatus Liberibacter sola- fully half of all recommended species belonged to one of nacearum” induced effects on the feeding only 3 plant families: (Asteraceae, 68 species; Fabaceae, behavior of Bactericera cockerelli by two distinct 31 species; Poaceae, 24 species). In addition, 34% of haplotypes present in the Americas the recommended species are not native to the region. Kyle Koch ([email protected]), Estephanie Bernal Jimenez and Ismael E. Badillo-Vargas, Texas The SW US endemic plant Nama spp. and its specialist A&M AgriLife Research, Weslaco, TX bees highlight a need to consider native and specialized biodiversity in conservation planning. The potato psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli (Hemiptera: Triozidae), is a significant pest of potatoes throughout 8-4. Identification and lifecycle description of Calop- Central and North America, as well as New Zealand. tilia blandella (Clemens) (Lepitoptera: Gracillarii- Crucially, this psyllid is the vector of the fastidious bacterium dae) on commercial pecan trees in New Mexico “Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum” (Lso), which is the Tiffany Johnson ([email protected]), New causative agent of diseases in several solanaceous crops, Mexico State Univ., Las Cruces, NM including the economically important zebra chip disease Reported findings of a new leafminer species within the of potatoes. Currently, five Lso haplotypes have been Mesilla Valley in New Mexico triggered a survey to locate identified, two of which (LsoA and LsoB) are exclusively and identify the insect creating this new observed damage. transmitted by potato psyllids in their shared geographic A total of 17 micro-lepidopteran specimens were collected range within the Americas. However, relatively little is from June 6 to July 27, 2018. Observations occurred on known about the interactions of either Lso haplotype with young, non-bearing Western Schley cultivars by observing its plant and insect hosts, due to its fastidious nature. In leaves from the lower canopy for leaf miner larval activity. these studies, we performed 8-hour recordings using the Identified mined leaves were covered by a polyester electrical penetration graph (EPG) technique to elucidated mesh leaf bag, labelled with an alphanumeric code, and Oral Abstracts 8-1 — 8-4 the feeding behavior of Lso-infected (LsoA or LsoB) and monitored daily until specimen reached adulthood. non-infected psyllids. Critically, these data improve our Collected adult specimens were identified as Caloptilia understanding of the pathogenesis of Lso in its insect blandella (Clemens), one of two micro-lepidopteran vector and provide new information concerning Lso-potato species within the genus that has been has been psyllid interactions that ultimately could benefit pathogen previously described as feeding on the leaves of walnut transmission of one Lso haplotype. family (Juglandaceae) trees. Sightings of this moth have been reported along the eastern coast of the United States

40 Oral Abstracts: Regular Ten-Minute Paper Oral to east Texas, but none have been reported as far west successful transmission by the insect vector, the bacteria as New Mexico. Assessment of the lifecycle descriptions “Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum” can cause and larval damage in southwestern commercial orchards economic hardships for potato producers and processors is necessary as this new pecan pest may potentially need by reducing yield and quality. Currently, no tolerance or to be part of a scouting and monitoring program in the resistance exist for this fastidious bacterium in commercial future, especially among young and transplanted trees. potato varieties and the management of the insect vector, which relies almost entirely on chemical insecticides, 8-5. Gene expression analysis of key antioxidant continues to be the most common management strategy genes in reproductive tissue of Apis mellif- available for this pathosystem. Therefore, new strategies era queens reared in pesticide-laden beeswax to control the insect vector and pathogen transmission Juliana Rangel ([email protected]), Elizabeth are need it for the potato industry elsewhere. Our Walsh and Tonya Shepherd, Texas A&M Univ., Col- lege Station, TX research group has previously developed a tissue-specific transcriptome for B. cockerelli that is providing us with the The European honey bee (Apis mellifera) is an invaluable possibility of using RNA interference (RNAi) to control this pollinator, used commercially for the pollination of pathosystem by suppressing the expression of specific numerous crops. As eusocial insects, honey bee colonies genes within the insect vector. The goal of this study was rely on a single queen to lay all fertilized eggs, while the to develop and utilize RNAi tools to silence an essential sterile workers perform all other non-reproductive tasks. insect gene to determine the phenotypic effects on the Therefore, the longevity and reproductive health of the development and survival of this economically important queen is tied strongly to the success and future of the insect vector. colony. A queen that is subfertile or performing poorly is typically replaced by the workers through a mysterious 8-8. Supergene in the red imported fire ant Solenop( - process known as supersedure. A potential culprit for sis invicta) leads to increased gene expression the increasing rate of supersedure is the exposure of Joan King ([email protected])1,2, Samuel Ar- hives to beekeeper- and field-applied pesticides, which senault2, Sasha Kay3, Kip Lacy2, Kenneth Ross2 and become embedded in the wax used by workers to rear Brendan Hunt3, 1Texas A&M Univ., College Station, 2 3 brood. The downstream effects of this exposure are yet TX, Univ. of Georgia, Athens, GA, Univ. of Georgia, Griffin, GA to be determined. Previous research indicates that the presence of beekeeper-applied miticides and field-applied Understanding the molecular basis of adaptive traits agrochemicals in the brood-rearing beeswax has a negative is a complicated topic in evolutionary biology. One effect on drone sperm viability and queen physiology. mechanism for maintaining complex adaptive phenotypes Here we investigated the effect of this type of pesticide is a “supergene,” which is a group of neighboring genes exposure on the reproductive tissue, spermetheca and on a chromosome inherited as a single Mendelian element ovarioles of queens, and assessed the expression levels of due to diminished recombination. A growing body of Oral Abstracts 8-5 — 8-8 antioxidative genes (Cat, GSTD1, GLOD4L,Sod1, Txn2, Txnrd1, studies are finding supergenes in a variety of organisms. and Vg) commonly associated with sperm viability and The red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta, is one such reproductive health. Our results give further information organism that contains an approximately 13Mb non- on the effects of ubiquitous agrochemicals found in hives recombining supergene containing more than 400 protein on the reproductive health of honey bee queens. coding genes. This supergene is responsible for two distinct social forms: a monogyne form and a polygyne 8-7. Developing RNA interference tools to control form; where the presence of the supergene leads to the the potato psyllid and zebra chip disease of polygyne form. Individuals of each social form differ in potatoes many morphological, behavioral, and physiological traits. Ismael E. Badillo-Vargas ([email protected]. To explore the effect of the supergene and how gene edu) and Estephanie Bernal Jimenez, Texas A&M expression varies in virgin reproductive females, we used AgriLife Research, Weslaco, TX RNA-Seq of the brains and ovaries of these alates as they Potato is one of the world’s major agricultural crops with were departing on their mating flights. We found that global popularity as a staple food. In the Americas and the presence of the supergene overall increases gene New Zealand its production has been severely affected by expression, regardless of the social form environment in a tuber disorder colloquially known as zebra chip disease, which the female reproductives developed. Differentially which putative causal agent is exclusively transmitted expressed genes preferentially localize to the supergene by the potato psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli. Following the

41 Oral Abstracts: Symposia

itself. In addition, we identified candidate genes potentially Symposia involved in the regulation of the polygyne phenotype. This study helps us better understand how supergenes contribute to complex phenotypes. Blood Feeding Arthropods 8-9. Impacts of environmental exposure of bovine of Veterinary and Medical manure on fecal-NIRS detection of the southern cattle tick Importance: Sharing Brian Rich ([email protected])1, Pete Teel1, Donald B. Thomas2, Jay Angerer3, Doug Discoveries on Surveillance, Tolleson4 and Adalberto A. Pérez de León5, 1Texas Biology and Control A&M Univ., College Station, TX, 2USDA - ARS, Edin- burg, TX, 3Texas A&M AgriLife Research & Exten- 9-1. Mosquito surveillance and infection with in- sion, Temple, TX, 4Texas A&M Univ., San Angelo, TX, sect-specific viruses in Texas 5 USDA - ARS, Kerrville, TX Estelle Martin ([email protected]), Texas Ticks mediate host immune responses for successful A&M Univ., College Station, TX blood feeding. Interactions of host immune, endocrine The emergence and re-emergence of mosquito-borne and digestive systems impact digestion and resulting fecal diseases such as Zika, chikungunya and dengue fever chemistry. These changes can be observed by fcNIRS, remains a global public health challenge that threatens many allowing for a non-invasive assessment of tick burden. An communities in the continental United States and beyond. ideal application to the detection of the Southern Cattle The Zika virus invasion into the Americas was declared a Tick using this method would involve fecal material that public health emergency of international concern due to may not have been recently produced. Aged samples that the rapid spread, unique modes of transmission, and link remain viable for detecting ticks can permit a forensic to birth defects. Local mosquito-borne transmission of approach to detection, with the option to analyze samples Zika virus has now occurred in South Florida and South left behind by cattle that have already been moved. Fecal Texas with extensive transmission across the border in chemistry can be changed by a variety of factors that result Mexico. To assess the environmental receptivity along the from exposure to the open environment. Temperature, Texas-Mexico border to these mosquito borne viruses, humidity and exposure to light have the potential to we are conducting enhanced biosurveillance. From change chemistry outright, impede or accelerate the September, 2016 to present, we have been gathering activity of coprophagous organisms or influence the data on the mosquito diversity and abundance in multiple growth of microorganisms within the fecal pat itself. A communities that represent variable socio-economic cool season study and a warm weather study, with two conditions using the CDC Sentinel Autocidal Gravid Ovitraps treatments each, using fecal samples from six Bos taurus (SAGO traps) to estimate the relative abundance of vector heifers infested with Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus species indoors and outdoors. The mosquito communities were exposed to the open environment for twelve days in these neighborhoods in South Texas are dominated to determine the effect of environmental exposure to a Ae. aegypti (62%) and Culex quinquefasciatus (29%) with known fecal chemistry. The first treatment sequestered only a few Ae. albopictus (2%) specimens recorded in the samples beneath a mesh canopy to reduce exposure to the households with traps aims to identify risk factors for sun, with the second treatment left open to sun exposure. increased human-mosquito contact indoors. Our results Fecal pats were sampled every other day with those show a similar outdoor mosquito abundance for both samples subjected to fcNIRS analysis to ascertain at what low and middle income communities but a higher indoor point the fecal chemistry changed when compared against abundance in low income communities. Additionally, we the chemistry from the original samples. Temperature, found that the indoor mosquito population does not show

Oral Abstracts 8-9 — 9-1 humidity and solar exposure were measured with HOBO™ as much seasonal variation in abundance the way the data loggers throughout the twelve days of exposure. The outdoor population does. Mosquitoes collected have been study concludes that fecal chemistry does not change for screened broadly for viruses and although none have ten days post exposure, and all samples still clusters near tested positive for Zika, dengue, or chikungunya viruses, the original samples when analyzed for spectral variation. we have detected insect-specific viruses such as cell fusing agent virus (CFAV). Our survey of insect-specific viruses has extended to other regions of Texas, USA focusing on: Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus, and Culex quinquefasciatus.

42 Oral Abstracts: Symposia

In an effort to understand the interaction of these viral to either overuse insecticides or use no control practices. symbionts with human pathogens, we are conducting The balance between these two extremes usually is how co-infection experiments in cells and in mosquitoes with current horn fly control practices can be incorporated arboviruses of human health concern. into current ranch management practices. The popularity of insecticidal ear tags for controlling horn flies was not 9-4. Increased surveillance and screening of only adopted for their initial effectiveness but also for the Culicoides: A better understanding of vec- longevity of adequate control without re-treatment for tor-host-pathogen interaction multiple months. Current research for horn fly control Phillip Shults ([email protected]), Texas A&M is rarely taken into account how new control strategies Univ., College Station, TX can be incorporated into current ranch management Culicoides, or biting midges, are hematophagous flies that practices. This topic will be covered and how certain ranch feed on birds, mammals, and reptiles and are the vectors management practices aide in horn fly control. of viruses, protozoans, and filarial worms. The majority of the work on Culicoides highlights their negative impact on 9-7 Selected insecticide delivery devices for man- livestock with little attention paid to their effect on wildlife. agement of horn flies (Haematobia irritans) However, even in the well-studied virus, Bluetongue, not (Diptera: Muscidae) on beef cattle all of the North American vectors are known. This talk Sonja Swiger ([email protected]), Texas A&M Univ., Stephenville, TX will focus on recent studies that have investigated the gaps in our understanding of disease systems associated The horn fly,Haematobia irritans (L.) (Diptera: Muscidae), is with Culicoides. There are several species of Culicoides one of the most important pests of the beef cattle industry. that have been implicated as potential vectors; however, Horn fly adults are blood feeders that remain in constant the stringency applied to vector competency studies contact with cattle, providing management opportunities has hindered their confirmation. As these new vector via insecticide-impregnated ear tags. Controlling horn species are identified, it is imperative to investigate the flies in the United States is time consuming and costly, host breadth of each. There is an increasing amount of but failure to implement management can lead to weight published data which show a clear host preference but a loss and decreased weight gain of calves and yearlings. general lack of specificity in the blood meals taken. This In the past decade, new chemical combinations have varied host feeding could contribute to the perpetuation of been impregnated into ear tags for pest management. viruses in these systems. Future surveillance efforts should The objectives of this project were to 1) evaluate the also focus on increasing the genetic database of Culicoides efficacy of ear tags against horn fly populations and2) in North America. Screening for pathogen vectors can only determine if reduced fly density results in economic happen with proper, species-level identification, yet the return. Several years of data compiled by insecticide class

amount of barcoding sequences available for Culicoides show significant reductions in horn fly populations with Oral Abstracts 9-4 — 10-5 is severely lacking. Culicoides species composition data the use of macrocyclic lactone treatments, pyrethroid coupled with ecological data, such as seasonal variation, treatments, and organophosphate treatments compared host breadth, and vector capacity, will help to clarify with untreated animals. In Texas, this reduction has been the elements involved in disease transmission in these shown to be more effective when tagging of cattle is pathosystems. delayed.

9-5. Horn fly (Haematobia irritans) control for cattle producers: Matching the science with ranch management practices Skills for Women Navigating Justin Talley ([email protected]), Oklahoma Their Early Careers State Univ., Stillwater, OK 10-5. Can you really do it all? Juggling work with life Horn fly (Haematobia irritans) control has historically relied Wizzie Brown ([email protected]), Texas A&M upon insecticides to limit the impact these pests have on AgriLife Extension Service, Austin, TX cattle. However, the reliance on insecticides have led to control failures and less trust from cattle producers on Work life balance is a struggle.....can you really have it all? the effectiveness of insecticides. This mistrust combined We will discuss what work-life balance means and provide with insecticide resistance due to mismanagement of the tips on how to somewhat stay sane while progressing use of insecticidal ear tags has caused cattle producers through your career.

43 Poster Abstracts: Student Poster Competition

of room temperature, 26°C, 29°C, 32°C, and 35°C. The Poster Abstracts containers were then checked every 24 hours and placed back into the incubators after the number of mites alive Student Poster Competition and dead were recorded. After comparing data from all three trials, it was found that the mites survived best at temperatures of 29°C. This evidence may suggest that Student Poster Competition: Stratiolaelaps scimitus are not suitable to live in the temperature conditions inside of a beehive Undergraduate P1-3. Mite”y” Kibbles: Grain mite populations in- P1-1. Standardizing in-vitro procedures used to de- crease on test formula of dog food termine efficacy of insecticidal feed-through products against filth flies Brandon Henriquez (brandon.henriquez@ okstate.edu), Ankur Limaje and W. Wyatt Hoback, Ramon Zepeda ([email protected]) and Brandon Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater, OK Smythe, New Mexico State Univ., Las Cruces, NM Grain mites, Acarus siro, are pests which can affect Fecal bio-assays are often used to evaluate effective different types of stored grains and can also spread mold and efficient formulations of insecticidal feed through spores which can affect human health. Some dog foods compounds. However, variables associated with these consist of pieces with different textures and shapes and procedures such as manure moisture, and fly eggs Smucker’s is testing new proprietary formulas of Kibbles transfer procedures maintain the ability to influence and Bits to determine susceptibility to mite infestation. findings. The objective of the current study was to In the experiment, three formulas and 5 or 6 shapes of evaluate the effects of manure moisture and the dog food were tested in benchtop trials. 35 ml vials had amount of time fly eggs can be held in water on the 3-5 pieces of individual shapes standardized by mass viability of eggs from multiple fly species. Eggs were and then infested with approximately 25 mites. The collected and submerged in water for varying times and mite infested vials along with controls were placed in assayed for adult emergence following standard fecal tubs with mineral oil coating the bottom to prevent the bioassay exposures. Additionally, manure amendments spread of any escaped mites. The vials were placed in a were conducted by adding water to obtain varying growth chamber at 28°C and were kept in 70-85% relative concentrations of moisture in untreated cattle manure. humidity. After four weeks, the vials were removed from Findings from this study will be used to further refine the chamber, and mites were counted. The control approaches for consistent and dependable results of formula had very few mites on any piece shape. The first future efficacy evaluations. test formula had very high mite numbers (thousands per vial and high visible damage in the form of dust). P1-2. Evaluation of the temperature tolerance of the predatory mite Stratiolaelaps scimitus for The third test formula had high amounts of mold growth biological control of the honey bee ectopara- resulting in few mites, but unusable product. The results sitic mite Varroa destructor of these tests show that the existing formula is best at Travis Trimm ([email protected]), Ellie preventing mite population growth and that the new Chapkin, Betty Hernandez and Juliana Rangel, formulations must be altered or the product will lead to Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX customer complaints. We propose using Stratiolaelaps scimitus as biological control agents in managed honey bee (Apis mellifera) P1-4. Masonry insect preference in diameter for colonies against Varroa destructor. In order to test this, nesting sites at Tarleton State University, Stephenville we must first consider several factors that may affect the mites while inside of a beehive. One factor that must John Garcia ([email protected]), John Montoya, Adam Mitchell and David H. Poster Abstracts P1-1 — P1-4 be explored is the suitable temperature conditions for Kattes, Tarleton State Univ., Stephenville, TX Stratiolaelaps scimitus. This is important for determining the habitability of the beehive for the mites, and how it Thousands of Hymenopterans nest in hollow plant may impede their ability to control Varroa destructor. In stems, cavities and piping. Each of these actively order to test this, several containers with a set number choose where to nest. The purpose of this research of mites were placed into incubators at temperatures was to determine what masonry insects were present at the Permaculture Demonstration and Research site

44 Poster Abstracts: Student Poster Competition at Tarleton State University, Stephenville and what and similarly marked non-noxious prey to determine if diameter of hole they select to nest. The diameter of assassin bugs can recognize and remember interactions holes tested were 0.278cm, 0.556cm, 0.595cm, 0.635cm, with aposematically defended prey. 0.754cm, and 0.953cm. Three habitat structures of each were created for a total of eighteen habitat structures, P1-6. Host plant and native pollinator relationships each with six holes drilled into them of the same in an urban ecosystem diameter. Once the holes in the structures were capped Haley Vincze ([email protected]), Tarleton State Univ., Wylie, TX or once a capped hole showed signs of emergence, the structure was taken down and stored. Forty-one Host Plant and Native Pollinator Relationships in an of the holes were capped with twenty showing signs of Urban Ecosystem emergence and eleven of the emerged were captured by the researcher. The insects captured were; nine mason Haley Vincze*, David Kattes, and Adam Mitchell wasps (Genus: Euodynerus), one cuckoo wasp (Family: Chrysididae) and one chalcid (Family: Chalcididae) wasp. Approximately 90% of wild plant species and 70% of The mason wasps emerged from a combination of the crops in the world utilize bees for pollination. As factors 0.556cm, 0.635cm and 0.953cm diameter holes, while such as Colony Collapse Disorder, parasitic mites, and the cuckoo wasp emerged from the 0.556cm diameter diseases reduce European honeybee density, humans hole and the chalcid wasp emerged from the 0.635cm may depend more on native bees for pollination. Native diameter hole. Although we did not find significant bee species abundance have also declined due to habitat differences in diameter preference (P=0.1035), the fragmentation and changed land use. The purpose of this information gathered is useful in broad documentation study was to determine bee genera and their associated of the diversity present in Stephenville. Further research host plant species in an urban park. This study was is underway with an increased number of reps. conducted in Wylie, Texas along the Municipal Complex Trail. Native bees were collected in the summer of 2017 P1-5. Solids versus Stripes: Predatory Hemipteran from wildflowers using an insect sweep net. Records (Platymeris biguttatus) response to normal were kept of which plant species each bee was caught, and artificially colored aposematic prey (Tene- brio molitor) and bees were identified in lab to genera. A total of 85 Leon Tan ([email protected]) and W. Wyatt bees were collected, including 56 Apis spp. and 11 Halictus Hoback, Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater, OK spp. A total of five plant genera were recorded as hosts for pollinators, with beebalm (Monarda clinopodioides, Generally, insects appear in mostly monotone colors that 43 individuals) and water primrose (Ludwigia peploides,

help them to be camouflaged in the environment or they Poster Abstracts P1-5 — P1-7 21 individuals) attracting the most pollinators. Bees can be aposematic, having bright colors or conspicuous from genera Apis and Halictus are generalist pollinators patterns that make them obvious. Conspicuous color and were observed at three and four of five plant hosts patterns have been found to reduce predation attempts respectively. Future conservation efforts may target by both vertebrates and invertebrates, including generalists such as Halictus and provide host plants Praying Mantises and Jumping Spiders. We tested such as Monarda clinopodioides to encourage native bee the effects of artificial patterns applied to mealworm populations. Additional studies should determine floral larvae, Tenebrio molitor, on predation attempts by the traits of native plants that attract native bees in urban African Two Spotted Assassin bug, Platymeris biguttatus. environments. The assassin bug colony is housed at Oklahoma State University’s Insect Adventure and is maintained on P1-7. Aphid, parasitoid and hyperparasitoid popula- cockroach nymphs. Mealworms were colored with tions in different cole crops in the field permanent markers to create conspicuous stripes and Criselda Aranda-Ramirez (crissaranda10@ then introduced along with an unstripped (untouched) gmail.com), Francisco Lopez-Monzon and Sergio mealworm into an individual test chamber with one Sánchez-Peña, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Assassin bug. We found that the bugs responded Antonio Narro, Saltillo, CU, Mexico more to movement rather than color and there was no Populations of pests and natural enemies vary among significant difference between the amount of stripped plants, even closely related crops. Cabbage aphid, and unstripped prey that was attacked. This experiment Brevicoryne brassicae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) causes would need to be repeated with actual noxious prey

45 Poster Abstracts: Student Poster Competition

losses in cole crops (broccoli, cabbage and Brussels jalapeño pepper (Capsicum anuum), and raw white sprouts, among others). Diaeretiella rapae is a solitary potatoes (Solanum tuberosum). Tests were repeated koinobiont endoparasitoid of aphids of especially B. three times. Mortality and development were evaluated. brassicae, and in Saltillo (Mexico) this parasitoid is attacked The best treatment was the grass-based diet: 90% of by the hyperparasitoid Alloxysta fuscicornis. The objective the individuals completed their life cycle to adulthood, of this investigation was to evaluate the phenology of B. followed by jalapeño pepper (50%), raw potatoes (30%) brassicae, D. rapae and the hyperparasitoid A. fuscicornis and finally soaked beans (20%). In the case of pepper in five cultivars of the family Brassicaceae in the field and potato, the larvae reached the last larval stages (5 at Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico. We established plants of and 6), sometimes reaching great size, but many died white radish (Raphanus sativus) and Brassica oleracea right before or after pupating, and pupae were often cultivars botrytis (cauliflower) capitata (cabbage), italica deformed and died; in soaked bean the development (broccoli) and gongyloides (kohlrabi). The numbers was poor (larvae remained small and most died). This of aphids, D. rapae and A. fuscicornis found on each work indicates the difficulty of using diet based on cultivar were determined. Significantly more cabbage several non-host plants as food. aphids were found on broccoli and cabbage; however, a greater percentage of the population of D. rapae and A. P1-9. A comparison of a degree day model for fuscicornis was found on kohlrabi; this tendency occurred pecan nut casebearer (Acrobasis nuxvorel- la Neunzig) to historical data in Mesilla Valley, throughout the spring-summer sampling period of New Mexico 2018. Most D. rapae and A. fuscicornis were collected in Jeanette Castañon ([email protected]), Larry April. Members of the aphid-parasitoid-hyperparasitoid Blackwell and Dave Thompson, New Mexico system vary in their spatial and temporal abundance in State Univ., Las Cruces, NM different cultivars of Brassicas. Pecan nut casebearer Acrobasis nuxvorella (Neunzig), is a primary pest in western pecan orchards. Pecans are an P1-8. Development of fall armyworm larvae on grass, dry beans, peppers and potato in the important cash crop to New Mexico growers, bringing laboratory in $220 million dollars in revenue in 2017. The adult Rosadelia Roblero-Gonzalez (DELIROBLERO@ moth oviposits on the nutlet stigma. Larvae emerge and hotmail.com), Patsy Guerrero-Espinoza and burrow into the base of the nutlet, feeding on the center Sergio Sánchez-Peña, Universidad Autónoma of the nut. In early infestations, the larvae can consume Agraria Antonio Narro, Saltillo, CU, Mexico an entire cluster. Chemical control methods focus on It is essential to have insect pest colonies for research reaching the larvae after it emerges and before it enters and control work. Although artificial diets are a significant the nutlet. Timing of insecticide application is critical for development for research with lepidopterans, their controlling this pest. Current scouting methods include cost renders them prohibitive for long-term routine using pheromone traps to detect adult male moths, and maintenance of colonies, or between tests, for example. scouting for eggs/larvae. Scouting for eggs on the nuts We compared methods (natural vegetable diets) for is problematic due to the small size of the eggs and the laboratory breeding of fall armyworm, Spodoptera low density. Predictive models for PNC emergence were frugiperda, to avoid the high cost of artificial diets. Larvae developed for central Texas and have been adapted of fall armyworm were collected in vegetative maize for use in other locations. The purpose of this study is plants (Zea mays) at the Universidad Agraria Antonio to determine how applicable the model is to southern Narro, Saltillo, Mexico. Larvae were placed in plastic New Mexico pecan growing regions. The model will be cups with bermuda (Cynodon) and Pennisetum grass as applied for the Mesilla valley over seven years at five food until reaching the adult stage (moths); these were locations to compare predicted values with recorded placed in 1000 ml plastic containers with water+soda in data. Values for moth emergence and flight duration will

Poster Abstracts P1-8 — P1-9 50 ml cups as food. From larvae obtained from these be compared to sex pheromone trap numbers. adults (F1), 50 specimens of 1st larval stage were used for diet treatments. Four diets were evaluated: mixed grasses as described, soaked beans (Phaseolus vulgaris),

46 Poster Abstracts: Student Poster Competition

P1-10. Neonicotinoid insecticide resistance in Students were asked, what the organisms is, what good populations of the potato psyllid (Bactericera is it, what they feared about it, and how many kinds cockerelli) across Texas (and beyond) were in Oklahoma. We analyzed the responses of 231 1 Kristyne Varela ([email protected]) students. The majority of students correctly identified and Adrianna Szczepaniec2, 1Texas A&M AgriLife, the order (98%). Fears of bees/ wasps were from stinging Bushland, TX, 2Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Amarillo, TX while fears of other orders were because of small legs, strange eyes, or general appearance. Most common The potato psyllid (Bactericera cockerelli) is a vector of benefits listed were pollination (bees and monarchs), a pathogen (Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum) decomposer (burying beetle), and predator (lady beetle). that causes zebra chip (ZC) disease in potato. The Student knowledge of how many kinds ranged from 1 to insect and the diseases are primarily managed through more than eight million. The results of the survey show intense insecticide control. One of the insecticides used that college student non-majors have a basic awareness frequently to suppress the psyllid are neonicotinoids, of insect diversity and recognize examples of common group 4A insecticides. Frequent use of neonicotinoid orders. This type of survey helps frame a course by insecticides throughout the season poses a risk of providing information of misconceptions and student location-specific insecticide resistance within Texas, biases. with increased probability of resistance to a wide range of chemicals in psyllids migrating from the south. P1-12. Above or below: How culverts affect aquat- We hypothesized that 1) populations of psyllids in ic macroinvertebrate activity in Oklahoma Texas were resistant to neonicotinoid insecticides and streams that 2) psyllids collected from each distinct potato- Rayne Key ([email protected]), Melissa producing region in Texas would differ in their level of Reed and W. Wyatt Hoback, Oklahoma State resistance to a particular neonicotinoid insecticide. To Univ., Stillwater, OK test these hypotheses we established colonies of the Leaves provide the major food base in many streams. potato psyllid from major potato-producing regions Leaf-liter is broken-down by a combination of in Texas and exposed their progeny to several doses physical, chemical, and biological processes, including of two neonicotinoid insecticides, imidacloprid and macroinvertebrate feeding. Ingestion of leaf material by thiamethoxam. Survival of the psyllids was monitored macroinvertebrates, or shredders isan important action for seven days, and each dose level was replicated that provides energy and nutrients to many aquatic 12 times for each insecticide. Our results indicated organisms. Little is known about the impact human that psyllids in each region of the state were resistant landscape alterations, such as road culverts, have to both insecticides and the severity of resistance on the breakdown rates of leaves. We examined the Poster Abstracts P1-10 — P1-12 depended on the origin of each psyllid colony. Thus, break-down rates of Oak Quercus spp. and Sycamore resistance incidence to each of the most frequently used Platanus occidentalis in two stream ecosystems (prairie insecticides ought to be tested frequently across Texas and Ozark highland) in central and eastern Oklahoma and region-specific recommendations are needed. to assess the effect of culverts. Since culverts impact downstream stream habitat, we anticipate a decrease P1-11. A pre-assessment of entomological knowl- in the abundance of shredders and the subsequent edge and student fears breakdown rate of leaf-packs in areas downstream Jonathan Harris (jonathan.harris10@okstate. of culverts. We secured leaf-packs to the streambed edu) and W. Wyatt Hoback, Oklahoma State upstream and downstream of road culverts for one Univ., Stillwater, OK month in winter 2019. The specific aims of this study Insects and Society is a popular non-majors course were to determine breakdown rates of leaf packs and taught to more than 600 students per year. In 2019, to identify changes in macroinvertebrate abundance students enrolled in the course were given a coloring downstream of the culvert. Our current data shows a sheet with one of three images and set of markers on decrease of leaf breakdown in sampling sites located the first day of class. The images were of a lady beetle, downstream. monarch butterfly, a honey bee, and a burying beetle.

47 Poster Abstracts: Student Poster Competition

Student Poster Competition: Spodoptera larvae with spray timing helping parasitoid survival. Master’s P2-2. Comparative Gene Expression and Upregula- P2-1. A layered approach to IPM of Spodoptera: tion of Possible Antimicrobial Peptide-Produc- Insecticidal residues do not reduce parasitism ing Genes of Nicrophorus orbicollis and Nicro- of Telenomus parasitoids phorus pustulatus Leonardo Vieira Santos (leonardo.santos@ Jacob Farriester ([email protected]), W. 1 1 okstate.edu) , W. Wyatt Hoback , Regiane Cristina Wyatt Hoback, Brian Couger, John Gustafson and 2 Oliveira de Freitas Bueno , Jean Carlo do Pra- Darren Hagen, Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater, 2 2 do , Lucas Moraes Santos and Daniel de Lima OK Alvarez2, 1Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater, OK, 2Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, Brazil Burying beetles (Silphidae: Nicrophorinae), are unique among insects in their method of brood rearing. Working Lepidoptera in the genus Spodoptera are serious pests in a biparental tandem they sequester suitably-sized of many crops worldwide and are targeted with control carrion underground and limit is decomposition through measures including pesticides and egg parasitoids. the production of antimicrobial oral and anal protein Spodopera females deposit eggs in layered masses, secretions. This study compared two burying beetles limiting most parasitoids except Telenomus remus Nixon with different life histories: Nicrophorus orbicollis Say, (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) which can reach all egg which engages in typical burying beetle behavior, and layers. Little information is currently available concerning Nicrophorus pustulatus Herschel, a brood parasite which the effects of insecticide residues on parasitism rates and does not produce antimicrobial secretions. Salivary survival of egg parasitoids. We tested the hypothesis that gland tissue was excised from fed (provided ground commonly used pesticide residues would be harmful to beef) or unfed (no food for 48 hours) individuals from the immature and adult stages of T. remus. Laboratory both species. Next generation sequencing of cDNAs experiments were conducted in cages consisting of 2.5 was synthesized from RNA isolated from the glands cm² boxes that had the bottom and cover made of glass and differences in gene expression were assessed. and the remainder lined with black fabric with ventilation Both species exhibited higher expression in sequences holes. To assess non-target effects to adultsT. remus, the coding for innate immune response proteins when glass surfaces of the cages were sprayed with insecticide exposed to food (6.58%/5.19% of overall characterized using a Potter® Tower. The pesticide was allowed to dry sequences) than when unfed. Between both species, before placing Spodoptera egg masses into the cage. To N. orbicollis had higher expression of innate immunity assess effects on the immature phase, Spodoptera egg proteins than N. pustulatus (7.14%/4.22%). This suggests masses that had T. remus pupae were sprayed directly that these compounds are linked to the feeding process with the pesticide and then left in the cages. In the pupal and supporting the hypothesis that burying beetle phase chlorpyrifos (-77.8% parasitism), Methomyl (- 66% secretions produce antimicrobial peptides, rather than parasitism) and Lambda-cyhalothrin + Thiamethoxam (- only relying on compounds produced by gut bacteria. 38.6% parasitism) lowered parasitism rates. All pesticides were innocuous (<30% of reduction) to pupae except P2-3. Acaricidal effect of plant extracts on Tetrany- chlorpyrifos (- 64% egg viability), Methomyl (- 74.54% chus urticae Koch. (Acari:Tetranychidae) egg viability) and Lambda-cyhalothrin + Thiamethoxam José Ontiveros ([email protected]), Univer- (- 34.20% egg viability). In the adult stage lambda- sidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Saltillo, cyhalothrin + chlorantraniliprole (-100% parasitism and CU, Mexico viability), methanol + methomyl (- 98.4% of parasitism The two-spotted spider Tetranychus urticae Koch, is one and 48.77% of eggs viability), methomyl (- 98.93% of the most important pests economically, is found in parasitism and 100% egg viability), lambda-cyhalothrin a wide range of crops around the world. The research Poster Abstracts P2-1 — P2-3 + thiamethoxam (- 99.35% of parasitism and 100% egg was conducted at the Laboratory of Entomology and viability) were harmful, while the remaining treatments Acarology Agricultural Parasitology Department of the were innocuous (<30% of reduction). The results of this Universidad Autonoma Agraria Antonio Narro (UAAAN). study suggest that T. remus parasitoids can be used in 21 plant extracts were evaluated on T. urticae from combination with most pesticides to provide control of grapevine and multiplied on bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)

48 Poster Abstracts: Student Poster Competition under laboratory conditions. The leaf arena technique most stable. In contrast, the software BestKeeper which was utilized to set up trials, evaluating at 72 h and in a uses raw Ct data found TATA to be the most stable gene. design completely randomized with 8 concentrations Our results demonstrate that the expression of the gene with 10 repetitions. Mortality was corrected according to ETF in D. maidis has acceptable stability as an internal Abbott (1925) and a Probit Analysis was performed to reference control for functional genomics or gene obtain the dose-mortality response curve, as well as the expression analysis. quantification of the main phytochemicals present in the extracts by the infrared spectrophotometer. The results P2-5. Intestinal proteolytic activity of Anticarsia show a high susceptibility to the extracts of Sangre de gemmatalis (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) 1 1 Drago (Jatropha dioica), Catclaw (Mimosa zygophylla), Julieta Hernandez-Mejia , Rogelio Pérez-Ramírez , (ivonnetorresacosta@ Black Pepper (Piper nigrum), Mezquite (Prosopis laevigata), Reyna Torres-Acosta yahoo.com.mx)2, Jorge Torres-Castillo3, Miguel with an LC of 278, 323, 375, 324 ppm respectively. 3 50 García-Delgado and Ludivina Barrientos-Loza- no1, 1Tecnológico Nacional de México, Victoria, P2-4. Selection of an internal reference gene for TM, Mexico, 2Universidad Autónoma de Tamauli- functional genomics or gene expression anal- pas, Mante, TM, Mexico, 3Universidad Autónoma ysis in Dalbulus maidis (Hemiptera: Cicadelli- de Tamaulipas, Victoria, TM, Mexico dae) Ecofriendly control strategies can be developed with Christian Ayala-Ortiz (christian.ayala_ortiz10@ okstate.edu)1, Trenna Blagden1, Stephen M. insect physiology knowledge and specially, in the case Marek1, Dmitry A. Dmitriev2, Christopher H. of the digestive process, it relays on digestive enzymes Dietrich3 and Astri Wayadande1, 1Oklahoma State functions. Anticarsia gemmatalis (Hübner) is a voracious Univ., Stillwater, OK, 2Illinois Natural History Sur- and abundant defoliator of soybean fields in the tropics 3 vey, Champaign, IL, Univ. of Illinois, Champaign, of Mexico. Reduction in the activity of digestive enzymes IL can be affected by mineral agents, such as the presence The corn leafhopper, Dalbulus maidis (DeLong and of divalent cations, including copper or zinc, which can Wolcott), is considered one of the most important pests affect the hydrolytic capacity. We evaluate the effect of of maize in South America for its ability to transmit several cations on the total proteolytic activity from fourth larval viral and bacterial pathogens to corn. Even though it instar guts of A. gemmatalis collected from soybean crops has a broad distribution from southern United States in Mante, Tamaulipas, Mexico, in September 2018. The to Argentina, not much is known about the molecular enzymes were extracted from the intestines according characteristics of this insect. The use of interference to what was suggested by Aguirrezabala-Campano RNA (RNAi) has advanced functional genomics studies et al., (2013). The detection of proteolytic activity was by allowing simultaneous study of gene functions and according to Mendonҫa et al., 2012 and Torres-Castillo et Poster Abstracts P2-4 — P2-5 linkage of function to a phenotype. The reduction of al., 2016. It was found that the predominant proteolytic transcript levels due to RNAi of the target gene is usually activity was associated with enzymes of the trypsin and measured by RT-qPCR. However, a reliable quantification cystein-poteinases type. The proteolytic activity was will depend on the choice of a good internal control independent of the presence of naturally occurring (usually a housekeeping gene), that has proven to have divalent cations. We observed that the salts with Ca, Mg, stable expression. As the stability of the reference genes Mn, Co and Al increased the proteolytic activity. While can change depending upon the sample, the aim of this the salts with Zn, Cu and Ni decreased the proteolytic work was to evaluate four common housekeeping genes activity up to 50% lower compared with the control from D. maidis: cytosolic actin (Actin), electron transfer activity. These results support the differential sensitivity flavoprotein (ETF), ribosomal protein 18 (18S) and TATA- of the proteolytic enzymes against the different cations, binding protein (TATA). This evaluation was conducted some of which have been indicated as commercial at three different developmental stages (early nymph, agents used to control the incidence of pests. Authors late nymph and adult) by performing RT-qPCR and thank the financial support of the PRODEP project UAT- analyzing the data using the three software packages: PTC-241. BestKeeper, NormFinder and geNorm. NormFinder and geNorm which use standard curve-transformed data found electron transfer flavoprotein gene, ETF, to be the

49 Poster Abstracts: Student Poster Competition

P2-6. Entomochemicals and antioxidants from the traps), using CO2 as attractant, were placed every other central American locust (Schistocerca picei- weekend (Friday morning-Sunday morning) for 23 frons piceifrons, Walker) collection periods between mid-April and late October. Rogelio Perez-Ramirez (rogelio.1991@yahoo. A total of 10,405 mosquitoes from 7 genera and 26 com)1, Ludivina Barrientos-Lozano1 and Jorge species were collected, representing about 40% of the Torres-Castillo2, 1Tecnológico Nacional de México, Victoria, TM, Mexico, 2Universidad Autónoma de 64 species known from Oklahoma. The majority (98.4%) Tamaulipas, Victoria, TM, Mexico of mosquitoes were collected from CDC traps which mainly collected Culex spp. (71.8% of total). Of the BG Secondary metabolites from organisms have trap collected mosquitoes, 40.2% were Aedes spp. The implications in all ecological interactions and also in most abundant species were in the genus Culex, of regulation of physiological processes. In the case of which some can transmit West Nile Virus. A single Aedes insects, it has been reported that these compounds are aegypti was captured on the base, potentially as a result widely diverse; which are synthesized by the organism of the movement of military and D.o.D equipment from itself, while others could be obtained through their Louisiana. This capture, along with the capture of Asian diet. Insects are considered an important group to be tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus, highlights the need for explored for bioactive compounds. Orthoptera is an regular season-long monitoring to protect troops during interesting group due their diversity, high reproductive training. Information generated from this study is being size and variety in their diet. This research is focused used to create a management plan for the base. on the secondary metabolites present in adults of the Central American locust (Schistocerca piceifrons P2-8. The impact of sorghum phenology and variety piceifrons, Walker) (Orthoptera: Acrididae). S.p. piceifrons on population growth and longevity of sug- is an important pest for Mexican agriculture, particularly arcane aphid (Melanaphis sacchari, Zehntner in southern Tamaulipas and presents generalist feeding (Hemiptera: Aphididae)) habits, affecting to several crops. Its nymphal stage Subin Neupane ([email protected])1, passes through six instars and the adult instar, all instars David Kerns1 and Adrianna Szczepaniec2, 1Texas 2 vary in color and preference in their diet. Because of A&M Univ., College Station, TX, Texas A&M AgriL- ife Research, Amarillo, TX this, they constitute an interesting model to explore the presence and variation of entomochemicals (synthesized Sugarcane aphid (Melanaphis sacchari) is an economically or accumulated from diet). As part of the initial result, important pest of grain sorghum throughout much of the the presence of phenolic compounds, alkaloids, sponins, U.S. since 2013. Since the outbreak these aphids have flavonoids and antioxidants against the DPPH and ABTS resulted in severe losses in sorghum and the issue has radicals has been determined by using colorimetric and progressed each year both in area and scale economic of spectrophotometric tests. These allow us to consider damage. To have a better understanding about growth this species as a source of bioactive compounds of potential based on different level host suitability is very biotechnological interest, mainly for pharmaceutical or important for assessing the potential risk and control food components. measures of these insects. We conducted a greenhouse experiment evaluating sugarcane aphid reproduction P2-7. Season long, base-wide monitoring needed and longevity at 5th true leaf, primordial panicle initiation, to characterize adult mosquitoes at an Army milk and hard dough plant growth stages on sugarcane National Guard Training Facility aphid resistant and susceptible grain sorghum hybrids. Thomas Hess ([email protected]), Bruce The number of sugarcane aphid progeny per female, Noden and W. Wyatt Hoback, Oklahoma State net reproduction (Ro), intrinsic rate of increase (Rm), Univ., Stillwater, OK and population doubling time for sugarcane aphid was Army National Guard training requires personnel to greater on the susceptible sorghum hybrid relative to occasionally visit wild areas for one weekend a month the resistant hybrid. Among sorghum growth stages, Poster Abstracts P2-6 — P2-8 and two weeks a year. During this time, the soldiers sugarcane aphids lived significantly longer on sorghum may be exposed to mosquitoes and be at risk of at the milk and primordial panicle initiation stages mosquito-borne pathogens. Our survey investigated relative to the 5th true leaf and hard dough stages. the mosquitoes at the Camp Gruber Military Training These data suggest that antibiosis is probably involved Base, and in the adjacent town of Braggs, OK. Thirty as a mechanism of host-plant resistance and that aphid traps (10 BG Sentinel Traps and 20 modified CDC light population growth will be quicker when infestations

50 Poster Abstracts: Student Poster Competition occur during the early reproductive period of plant (Reduviidae), and pirate bugs (Anthocoridae). The most development. commonly collected insect species were consistently found in the spring, summer and fall, and between P2-9. Evaluation of resistance to bird cherry-oat the two sites. A number of parasitic Hymenoptera aphid (Rhopalosiphum padi) in wheat germ- species were collected in this survey, but none were plasm found to be parasitizing A. lagerstroemiae. In Brazos ([email protected]), Ali Zarrabi, Grace Jones county, experiments were carried out to discover which Kristopher Giles, Tom Royer, Mark Payton and Brett Carver, Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater, OK crapemyrtle-inhabiting predatory insects consumed A. lagerstroemiae. The coccinellids Chilocorus cacti Wheat (Triticum sp.) is the world’s most farmed crop by (Linnaeus) and Harmonia axyridis (Pallas), were the most surface area and is widely grown across the southern- commonly collected predators in this experiment and central areas of the United States such as Oklahoma, both displayed high rates of scale consumption. Aided Texas, and Kansas. Wheat in these areas is generally by these studies and scientific literature, a food web was used for grain harvest, as forage for grazing cattle, or constructed to illustrate direct and indirect effects of the both. One of the most important pests of wheat in many predator community on A. lagerstroemiae in Texas. areas of the world, including the United States, is the bird cherry-oat aphid or BCOA (Rhopalosiphum padi). P2-11. Analyzing the significance of photoperiod on BCOA are capable of harming the wheat through their fitness of sugarcane aphid,Melanaphis saccha- feeding on the wheat as well as through the transmission ri, on sorghum of Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus. Because of the significant Ethan Triplett ([email protected]) and damage caused by BCOA, the search for effectively Bonnie Pendleton, West Texas A&M Univ., Can- resistant hybrids of wheat is increasingly important. A yon, TX BCOA-phenotyping assay was developed specifically for Little is known of the biology of sugarcane aphid, the Wheat Improvement Team (WIT) by Drs. Zarrabi and Melanaphis sacchari (Zehntner), that became a persistent Giles of Oklahoma State University. Hundreds of lines pest of sorghum, Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench, in North from different OSU segregating populations have gone America in 2013. Understanding fitness of sugarcane through the screening and re-confirmation through aphid in relation to environmental conditions would aid growth chamber trials as well as field trials. The objective in understanding how aphids develop and evaluating of this study will be to describe the selected plants with sorghum for resistance to this major insect pest. different types of behavior as antixenosis, antibiotic, or Effect of three photoperiods of 14:10, 13:11, and 12:12 tolerance. The methodology of the conducted trials will light:dark hours were evaluated on sugarcane aphids be discussed. on susceptible ‘Tx399 x RTx430’ sorghum at daily light Poster Abstracts P2-9 — P2-11 (day) and dark (night) temperatures of 30 and 20°C in P2-10. Crapemyrtle bark scale Acanthococcus lager- an incubator. A sugarcane aphid from a pure colony stroemiae (Hemiptera: Eriococcidae) ecology was put individually into a clip cage, with two clip Kyle Gilder ([email protected])1, Victoria cages per each of four plants in six pots. When each 1 1 2 Hicks , Mengmeng Gu , Michael Merchant and aphid produced a nymph, the mother was discarded Kevin Heinz1, 1Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX, 2Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service, Dallas, and the nymph retained and allowed to mature and TX produce offspring until it died in the clip cage. Nymphs produced were counted and removed each day. The Sustainable, effective management of crapemyrtle pre-reproductive period was ~53% longer (6.6 days) at bark scale, Acanthococcus lagerstromiae (Kuwana), a 14:10 light:dark hours than at the other photoperiods. non-native pest from Asia, will likely include biological The reproductive period at 14:10 was 13.9 days, 2 days control. Before this strategy can be implemented an longer than at 13:11 (11.8 days). The post-reproductive examination of the ecology associated with the scale period averaged 7.1 days at 13:11, 4.7 days longer than in its introduced environment is necessary. In Texas, at 12:12 (2.4 days). Total fecundity at 12:12 (82.8 aphids) surveys of the crapemyrtle (Lagerstroemiae spp.) ecology was 17 aphids more than at 13:11 (65.7), and 26 more were undertaken in Tarrant and Brazos counties. A than at 14:10 (56.2). Developmental times and fitness of rich arthropod community was discovered, including sugarcane aphids differed significantly at the different predators such as spiders (Araneae), ladybeetles photoperiods. Photoperiod should be considered when (Coccinellidae), lacewings (Chrysopidae), assassin bugs

51 Poster Abstracts: Student Poster Competition

evaluating sorghum for durable resistance against disease HLB of citrus. Plants solanaceae affected with sugarcane aphids. Ca. Liberibacter solanacearum symptoms such as leaf yellowing, shortened internodes, overgrowth of axillary P2-12. From invasive pest to ecological supporter: buds and growth retardation to name a few occur. Ca. Benefits of the sugarcane aphid (Melanaphis Liberibacter solanacearum control focuses on reducing sacchari) to native Hymenoptera inoculum sources, such as the use of healthy plants, (michaelcaballero9@gmail. Michael Caballero symptomatic plant removal, chemical control of the com)1, J. Scott Armstrong2 and W. Wyatt Hoback1, 1Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater, OK, 2USDA - vector insect and the use of antibiotics to reduce the ARS, Stillwater, OK transmission of the bacteria. Keywords: Bactericera cockerelli, Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum, Invasive species cause devastating effects to the antibiotic. ecology in areas where they are introduced. Unlike an invasive insect’s native range, foreign ecosystems P2-14. On-plant bioassays of Metarhizium rileyi and often lack natural predators and diseases that regulate Heterorhabditis nematodes against fall army- their population. Sometimes, a native species switches worm, Spodoptera frugiperda hosts and functions like an invasive species, as is Fernando Sanchez-Pedraza (fer_5516g1@ the case for the sugarcane aphid (SCA), Melanaphis hotmail.com), Diego Treviño-Cueto and Sergio sacchari. Beginning in 2014, the SCA has impacted Sánchez-Peña, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Saltillo, CU, Mexico sorghum growers throughout the sorghum belt in the central United States. The aphids colonize grain The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, is one of the sorghum in June, and colonies quickly build causing most important corn pests; entomopathogens could chlorosis. In addition, the aphids excrete honeydew, play an important role in fall armyworm management. which accumulates on the leaf below their feeding site Metarhizium (=Nomuraea) rileyi and Heterorhabditis leading to sooty mold growth and further limiting plant nematodes are pathogens of lepidopterans. Bioassays photosynthesis. We observed various species of native were carried out to evaluate the mortality caused by Hymenoptera visiting SCA colonies on sorghum feeding native strains of these pathogens on 3rd instar fall on the excreted honeydew. In this study we document armyworm larvae, in the laboratory and on plants in twenty-four species belonging to ten different families. the greenhouse. In the laboratory, M. rileyi spores were These include many natural enemies or predators of suspended in water with Bionex (0.3%), the treatments potential pests in Oklahoma. The observed high diversity were T1=1x109, T2=1x108, T3=1x107, T4=1x106, T5=1x105 of beneficial insects in a monoculture crop highlights an (all spores/ml). The treatment 1-4 caused quick mortality unrecognized potential benefit of SCA, which aids the after between 72-120 hours, killing almost 100% of larvae; surrounding natural biodiversity by providing a sugar the treatments 2, 3 and 4 also killed almost 100% of larvae resource in an otherwise low diversity environment. between 72-168 h; but more sporulation was observed on killed worms at lower concentrations, especially in P2-13. Strategy to eliminate Candidatus Liberibacter Treatment 4 (60 % sporulation). In the greenhouse test solanacearum from Bactericera cockerelli on corn plants, we sprayed three concentrations of M. (Sulc.) by applying antibiotic rileyi spores/ml (T1=1x106, T2=1x107, T3=1x108), and ([email protected]), Pablo Hernandez Lara one suspension of Heterorhabdtis nematodes (700 Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Saltillo, CU, Mexico nematodes/ml) was applied using a micropippete. All were applied at 5 ml/plant (n=32 plants/treatment). The psílido of the potato and the tomato Bactericera Treatments were evaluated every 24 hours. Treatments cockerelli (Sulc.) (Hemiptera: Triozidae), is an important 2 and 3 induced the highest mortality (82 and 72 %) pest in horticultural crops worldwide. Transmits the with no significant differences. Heterorhabditis induced bacterium Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum 32% of mortality. These native strains are interesting

Poster Abstracts P2-12 — P2-14 causing the disease of zebra chip in potato causing biological control agents of fall armyworm that should internal necrosis in the tubers, in tomato the disease be tested in open field. is known as permanent tomato and chile variegated chile, in addition to preferentially affecting other solanaceae species. Ca. Liberibacter is a bacterium recently introduced in Mexico, which is associated with

52 Poster Abstracts: Student Poster Competition

P2-15. The effects of below-ground chemical cues Wildlife Conservation and as data deficient by the from entomopathogenic nematodes on host International Union for Conservation of Nature. Little plant selection of diabroticite beetle larvae is currently known about the spatial distribution of this John Grunseich ([email protected]), species in Oklahoma. This study aims to achieve the Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX following objectives: 1) Create a citizen science program Chemical cues play important roles in mediating to raise awareness, promote community involvement, interactions among organisms at different trophic and obtain scientific data. 2) Produce logistic models levels. Insect herbivores frequently use plant odors to that can predict when males will call and when females locate suitable host plants and natural enemies, such as will fly. A citizen science program, called the Lost Cricket predators and parasitoids, are often attracted to cues Project, was developed to locate new prairie mole associated with their prey animals. It is increasingly cricket populations in Oklahoma. This was achieved by clear that belowground chemical cues are ecologically creating a mobile phone app using survey123 for ArcGIS. important for soil-dwelling organisms. In this study, we This app allowed citizen scientists to submit recordings investigated the influence of belowground chemical cues of the prairie mole cricket, along with their location and from natural enemies on herbivore foraging behavior. habitat information. To provide accessible training to More specifically, we examined whether root-feeding participants, a video series was developed that covered diabroticite larvae avoided cucumber plants with odor the following topics: 1) Lost Cricket Project Overview 2) cues from their entomopathogenic nematode (EPN) Prairie Mole Cricket Ecology 3) How to Identify the Prairie natural enemies. We found that EPN-infected insect Mole Cricket Call 4) How to use the Lost Cricket Project cadavers emit characteristic volatile cues different from App. To recruit participants, 402 potential stakeholders those of dead insects. Our findings also revealed that were identified and contacted. Ultimately, this data striped cucumber beetle larvae (Acalymma vittatum), a will be used to update the species distribution map specialist herbivore of plants in the family Cucurbitaceae, for Oklahoma and to help create protocols for future preferred roots of cucumber plants (Cucumis sativus) acoustic surveys. without EPN cues. In contrast, spotted cucumber beetle larvae (Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi), a generalist herbivore, did not exhibit a preference for plants without Student Poster Competition: EPN cues. Our results indicate that some herbivores avoid cues from their EPN natural enemies while still locating Ph.D an alternate food source and that their response to EPN P3-1. The role of habitat heterogeneity and plant cues appears to be related to host plant specialization. quality in structuring grassland arthropod These findings have important implications for pest communities Poster Abstracts P2-15 — P3-1 management in agricultural systems and suggest Rebecca Prather ([email protected]) and growers could experience additional benefits of using Michael Kaspari, Univ. of Oklahoma, Norman, OK EPN for biological control. The use of EPN could offer Habitat heterogeneity can influence arthropod growers a control method with two aspects of plant abundance, diversity, and composition through its effects protection by directly killing insect herbivores as well as on biotic and abiotic factors. Because plant biomass and altering host plant their selection. diversity are often correlated with arthropod abundance and diversity, manipulating the plant community P2-16. The Lost Cricket Project: engaging citizen sci- by adding nutrients or altering vegetation structure entists in acoustic biomonitoring to establish occurrence of a cryptic Orthopteran species should have a cascading effect on the arthropod community. We explored how habitat heterogeneity Andres Buitrago ([email protected]), Univ. of New Hampshire, Portsmouth, NH and quality work together to regulate grassland arthropod communities. To do this, we manipulated Gryllotalpa major (prairie mole cricket) is the largest both habitat heterogeneity (using three vegetation species of cricket in North America. Male prairie mole clipping treatments) and plant biomass and nutrient crickets construct acoustic chambers in the soil from availability (using NPK and micronutrient fertilization). which they call to attract flying females. The prairie From May through August 2017, we monthly quantified mole cricket is listed as a Tier 1 species of greatest how these treatments affected plant biomass, plant C:N conservation need by the Oklahoma Department of ratios, and microclimate. We also collected arthropods

53 Poster Abstracts: Student Poster Competition

using vacuum sampling and pitfall traps to measure were more effective than neem or the check in killing S. arthropod abundance, diversity, and richness. We zeamais (>90%) and reducing grain damage (34-35.2%) found that both clipping and fertilization treatments and weight loss (0.8%). Milkweed at 0.1 g and neem at affected plant biomass and microclimate, including light 0.2 g killed 78.1% of weevils. Neem at 0.05 g was slow availability, temperature, and humidity. By decreasing acting, resulting in 62.5% dead and more grain damage plant biomass, clipping simplified habitat structure and (59.5%) and weight loss (3.6%). Botanicals at low doses

reduced arthropod abundance, diversity, and richness. (LD50 = 0.2-0.4 g) showed efficacy in controlling maize This reduction was mediated by fertilizer addition, which weevils and are recommended alternatives to guarantee increased plant biomass and habitat volume, resulting in quantity and quality of stored cereal grains. lower average surface temperature and higher average humidity on plots. By itself, increasing plant biomass P3-3. Keeping up to date on the threat of Tagosodes through fertilization increased arthropod abundance orizicolus and Rice hoja blanca virus to Texas rice and richness. In addition, we show the indirect effects ([email protected])1, Es- of changing microclimate and plant biomass promoted Jaclyn Martin tephanie Bernal Jimenez2, Keyan Zhu-Salzman1, shifts in arthropod community composition. These Michael (Mo) Way3 and Ismael E. Badillo-Vargas2, results demonstrate the role of habitat heterogeneity 1Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX, 2Texas and plant quality in structuring arthropod communities, A&M AgriLife Research, Weslaco, TX, 3Texas A&M specifically by regulating microclimate and providing AgriLife Research, Beaumont, TX habitat space. Rice hoja blanca virus (RHBV) is transmitted to rice by the rice planthopper, Tagosodes orizicolus. This plant virus P3-2. Evaluating botanical powders to control has four single stranded RNA (ssRNA) genome segments maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky and is transmitted in a persistent-propagative manner (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), in stored sor- ghum grain by its vector. T. orizicolus is the most damaging pest of Hame Abdou Kadi Kadi ([email protected])1 rice in tropical regions of South and Central America, and and Bonnie Pendleton2, 1INRA, Niamey, Niger, when combined with RHBV, causes up to 100% yield loss. 2West Texas A&M Univ., Canyon, TX T. orizicolus was found in the United States in the 1950s Botanicals were evaluated as alternatives to control and 1960s and not again until the Fall of 2015 when it maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky, in was detected attacking ratoon rice fields west and south stored sorghum, Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench. Beetles of Houston, TX. In 2015, T. orizicolus caused severe yield and moths of stored grain at farm and consumer loss, up to 25%, on ratoon rice from direct feeding and levels damage 5-35% worldwide and >40% in tropical oviposition damage, commonly known as ‘hopperburn’. countries. Maize weevil is the most damaging storage Moreover, T. orizicolus was found again on ratoon rice insect of sorghum grain. Management of storage insects during the Fall of 2018 in Galveston, Matagorda and relies on insecticides that leave residues in food and the Calhoun Co., TX. Field-collected specimens of T. orizicolus environment. Treatments were powders of neem bark, from the 2015 and 2018 outbreaks in Texas were tested Azadirachta indica; mesquite pods, Prosopis glandulosa; for RHBV either individually or in pools, respectively, milkweed leaves, Asclepias speciosa; and a check (no using RT-PCR. All T. orizicolus samples tested were botanical powder). Eight newly emerged maize weevils negative for two ssRNA segments of RHBV used in our were provided 5 g of Malisor-84 grain treated with molecular diagnostic assays. With the recent 2018 United three doses of each plant powder. Every 2 days, data Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change were recorded on the number of adults killed by each report of warming temperatures, this normally tropical treatment. Percentage killed was calculated by dose insect vector and plant virus continue to threaten rice per treatment and compared with the check. Grain loss production in Texas and the United States. It is crucial to remain vigilant for future outbreaks of T. orizicolus and Poster Abstracts P3-2 — P3-3 was calculated based on initial and final weights. 50 LD the potential introduction of RHBV to Texas to safeguard was determined by Probit analysis, and associations the rice industry of our country. between variables were assessed by simple linear correlation. Powder of mesquite and milkweed at 0.2 g

54 Poster Abstracts: Regular Posters

P3-4. Ideal tree host shifts in response to increased Serine proteases (SPs) and serine protease homologs temperature and rainfall for the fall web- (SPHs) participate in digestion, development and worm (Hyphantria cunea) defense of insects. We have identified 237 SP-related Amy Adams ([email protected]), Univ. of genes in the Manduca sexta genome. Their structural Oklahoma, Norman, OK features and phylogenetic relationships are examined, Understanding insect herbivores’ stress tolerances is and so are their expression profiles in tissues of the an important ecological and agricultural objective, as it insect at different stages. Proteomic analysis has allows for more effective predictions and management revealed the presence, abundance and posttranslational regarding a population’s abundance and plant modification of these proteins. With specific antisera consumption. Consistent with the principle of allocation, available to some of them, we have started to examine I suggested that there may be a trade-off between the network constitution and function during immune tolerance to chemical stress (specifically defense responses. Here we present overview of the insect chemicals produced by host plants) and tolerance to immune system, roles of SPs and SPHs in mediating physical stress (such as heat and drought) in the fall prophenoloxidase (proPO) activation and cytokine webworm (Hyphantria cunea). To test this hypothesis, production in relation to melanization, encapsulation, I ran a multifactorial foliage feeding experiment. The Toll signaling and antimicrobial protein induction. The experiment exposed larvae of this native North American system consists of at least 4 recognition proteins, 9 SPs, moth species to leaves from its two most common 2 SPHs, PO heterodimer, Spätzle-1, and a few stress deciduous tree hosts: the persimmon (Diospyros sp.), responsive peptides (e.g. plasmatocyte spreading and which has a lower leaf toxicity, and pecan (Carya sp.), growth blocking peptides). Two positive feedback loops which has a higher leaf toxicity. The experiment also up-regulated the SP-SPH network whereas twelve serpins featured abiotic conditions that mimicked summer and inhibit the SPs by forming inactive complexes. These fall temperatures and the natural precipitation gradient represent the best knowledge on extracellular immune in Oklahoma, USA, in which rainfall is highest in the signaling system of an insect and serve as a background east and decreases westwards. As expected, there was for the complete system elucidation in M. sexta as well as a trade-off between heat and toxin tolerance. Larvae comparative studies in other holometabolous species. fed pecan leaves in hot, wet conditions had the highest mortality and lowest growth rate of any treatment. P4-5. Economic injury level for bermudagrass stem Unexpectedly, in dry conditions larvae on pecan leaf maggot in bermudagrass forage production in diet had a higher survivorship, growth rate, and pupal Texas 1 mass than larvae on persimmon leaf diet. Larvae on a Allen Knutson ([email protected]) and Forrest Mitchell2, 1Texas A&M Univ., Dallas, TX, persimmon leaf diet achieved almost double the mass Poster Abstracts P3-4 — P4-5 2Texas A&M Univ., Stephenville, TX of larvae on a pecan leaf diet in the final instars, except when conditions were dry. The bermudagrass stem maggot, Atherigona reversura Villeneuve, is a relatively new pest of bermudagrass Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers grown for forage in the Regular Posters southeastern US. Damage results from a single larva that feeds internally on the vascular tissue just above the terminal node of the grass stem. Damage slows Regular poster session plant growth and reduces forage accumulation. To address the need for guidelines to manage this new P4-4. Function and regulation of serine proteases and their homologs during immune responses pest, the relationship between the percent of tillers of Manduca sexta damaged by bermudagrass stem maggot and forage Yang Wang ([email protected])1, yield was measured in commercial bermudagrass hay Xiaolong Cao1, Michael Kanost2 and Haobo Jiang1, fields in northcentral Texas. Yield loss was estimated at 1Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater, OK, 2Kansas 8.9 lbs per acre for each percentage of stems damaged State Univ., Manhattan, KS by bermudagrass stem maggot. Economic injury levels and economic thresholds were calculated for a range

55 Poster Abstracts: Regular Posters

of hay market values and control costs. The impact of be developed based on breakeven value and net return stem damage on protein content and digestibility of of each option for farmers to choose depending on the bermudagrass hay was also investigated. availability of water resources on their farms.

P4-7. Management of early-season insect pests In 2018, thrips and fleahoppers impacting cotton in Texas high plains cotton: Transitioning to production risks were evaluated with five combinations dryland production of single versus sequential infestations under two water- Abdul Hakeem ([email protected])1, deficit (near-zero deficit or full irrigation and high deficit Megha Parajulee1, Suhas Vyavhare1 and Katie Lewis2, 1Texas A&M Univ., Lubbock, TX, 2Texas or dryland) regimes, replicated four times (total 40 A&M AgriLife Research, Lubbock, TX plots). Water deficit conditions and insect infestations impacted crop growth profile as well as lint yield. For The Texas High Plains (THP) is a semi-arid region with example, fleahopper infestation resulted in increased characteristic low rainfall, with production agriculture apical growth of the plants in water-deficit conditions, supported by limited irrigation or rain-fed. As a result, whereas sequential infestation of two insect pests the cropping system in this region is largely low-input increased the plant apical growth in irrigated plots. Lint and the producer decision-making in economically yield was similar across all five treatment combinations profitable input use is a challenge. THP has been facing under dryland condition while the sequential infestation some significant drought conditions in recent years, of two pests significantly reduced the lint yield compared including the drought of 2011 that claimed much of the to that under irrigated condition, indicating the impact Texas production agriculture, reducing total cotton yield of drought conditions on modulating the effect of insect that year by 55%. Drought conditions ensued the next 3 pests as well as the plant’s compensatory ability. Once years that disproportionately depleted the underground multi-year data are available, a robust economic analysis water, significantly shifting the cotton production will be presented. outlook in THP to even more low-input with dryland acreage reaching to >65%. The shift in cotton production P4-8. Impact of host plant resistance on interaction system due to devastating droughts in an already semi- between sorghum and sugarcane aphid at arid region has altered our input resources, cultivars, transcriptome level and management practices. Low cotton market price, Mahnaz Kianifariz ([email protected] increased nitrogen fertilizer price, and reduced water mu.edu) and Adrianna Szczepaniec, Texas A&M availability have forced farmers to move toward AgriLife Research, Amarillo, TX reorganizing available input resources to sustain their Sugarcane aphid (Melanaphis sacchari) outbreaks in production enterprise. Thus, transitioning to the new sorghum are now the most significant threat to this crop production reality via developing economic data- crop in all major sorghum production areas in the U.S. based input management practices has become our The outcomes of interactions between sugarcane aphid priority to sustain producer profitability. and sorghum and thus the severity of the outbreaks depend on sorghum genotype and potentially also on The objectives of this project were to: 1) quantify the the phenology of sorghum. Mechanisms underlying impact of single (thrips or cotton fleahoppers) versus these interactions are not known, however. Thus, the multiple (thrips and cotton fleahoppers sequentially) goal of this research was to characterize transcriptional pest infestations on cotton lint yield and fiber quality changes in a commercially available resistant and a under two irrigation water regimes (water-deficit susceptible genotype of sorghum at 2- and 6-wk post- treatments), and 2) develop a dynamic optimization emergence exposed to M. sacchari herbivory. economic model that maximizes the net returns from management of single versus multiple pest infestations A higher number of diffentially expressed genes (DEGs) Poster Abstracts P4-7 — P4-8 under water-deficit crop production conditions. Thus, was recovered from the 2-wk plants exposed to aphid the scope of this proposed work entails integrating herbivory compared to the 6-wk plants across genotypes. production practices and pest management options Further, gene ontology and pathway analysis indicated a under numerous cotton management scenarios (10 suite of transcriptional changes in the resistant genotype total scenarios) and the management options would that were weak or absent in the susceptible sorghum.

56 Poster Abstracts: Regular Posters

Specifically, the aphid-resistant genotype exposed to M. P4-10. Pollinator attractiveness of drought tolerant sacchari up-regulated several genes involved in defense, plants in the Texas High Plains which was particularly evident in the 2-wk plants that Samuel Discua ([email protected]) and showed the most robust transcriptional responses. Scott Longing, Texas Tech Univ., Lubbock, TX These transcriptional changes in the younger resistant The effectiveness of plantings to enhance habitat sorghum were characterized by induction of hormone- resources for pollinators depends on the attractiveness signaling pathways, pathways coding for secondary of native and non-native plants to foraging individuals. metabolites, glutathion metabolism, and plant-pathogen The objective of this study was to determine the interaction and genes involved in detoxification. These attractiveness of 30 drought tolerant plants to foraging transcriptional responses were reflected in the aphid insect pollinators located in 60 plant/patches in the population growth, which was significantly faster in the Texas High Plains. Plants were selected based on prior susceptible and older sorghum than in the resistant observation of pollinator visits, drought tolerance, and and younger plants. This experiment provided the on their commercial availability. On 10 dates in 2017, first insights into molecular mechanisms underlying we measured floral abundance and quantified the lower population growth of M. sacchari on the resistant number of pollinators visiting plants using 10-second sorghum genotype. snapshot observations across 60 plant/patch replicates. A total of 46 insect morphospecies were observed P4-9. Native bees and associated forage plants of from experimental plots. Bees (Apoidea: Anthophila) Parker County, Texas dominated the total abundance of pollinators, with Camille Carey ([email protected]), honeybees (Apis mellifera) the most frequently observed John Montoya, Adam Mitchell and David H. insect and accounted for on 31.1% of all observations. Kattes, Tarleton State Univ., Stephenville, TX Russian sage (Salvia farinacea) and Catmint (Nepeta A number of native bee species have exhibited x faassenii ‘Walker’s Low’) attracted the greatest total sustained declines over the past century (Bartomeus number of insect visitors, with both attracting high et al., 2013), with most declines being tightly linked to relative abundances of honey bees. Native plants reductions in local and landscape-level nesting and food attracted the highest diversity of insect species, with availability, often as a result of agricultural and urban Indian blanket (Gaillardia pulchella) attracting a total intensification (Winfree et al., 2009), as well as habitat of twelve bee, three butterfly, and two fly species loss and fragmentation (Kremen et al., 2002; Rathcke across sampling dates. Results from this study provide and Jules, 1993; Steffan-Dewenter and Westphal, 2008; recommendations for pollinator friendly plants in the Tscharntke et al., 2005). The purpose of this research was Texas High Plains, while determined taxonomic affinities to collect and identify native bee species (Hymenoptera: provide greater options for landowners and farmers Poster Abstracts P4-9 — P4-11 Apoidea), and the plants they were collected from, in when making recommendations. Parker County, Texas, to provide a baseline dataset of pollinator-host relations in the North-Central region of P4-11. Transmission of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. the state. Collections took place from February through vasinfectum VCG 0114 (race 4) by stink bugs to August 2018. GPS coordinates were recorded for each cotton bolls host plant collected. Both native bees and plant hosts Jesus Esquivel ([email protected]) were identified to species. Over 1,800 individual bees and Alois Bell, USDA - ARS, College Station, TX were collected from 45 plant families. The plant family Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum VCG 0114 (race Asteraceae was observed to attract the largest diversity 4) (i.e., FOV race 4) is an emerging pathogen that of bees while Fabaceae was observed to attract mostly causes severe root rot and wilt of cotton. Unlike other bees from the Halictidae family. Peponapis bees were vegetative compatibility groups (VCG) of F. oxysporum observed to be predominantly attracted to the plant that occur in the U.S., FOV race 4 occurs on clay and family Cucurbitaceae. A replication of the experiment loam soils and does not require nematodes for disease has been proposed with the goal of observing seasonal development. FOV race 4 is seed-borne, but the mode change in pollinator diversity and may include nearby of seed invasion is uncertain. Because stink bugs can counties for regional comparisons. ingest and introduce bacterial and yeast pathogens into cotton bolls, we determined whether stink bugs could

57 Poster Abstracts: Regular Posters

ingest and transmit FOV race 4. Brown and southern schultei (Black Beauties). Each of these animals are green stink bugs fed on FOV race 4 agar culture and specialist folivores and only feed on shrubs and trees. readily transmitted the fungus to cotton bolls. Thus, A restricted diet means special care is taken to maintain management of FOV race 4 may require management a steady supply of food the whole year. Since the diet of stink bugs to mitigate the spread of the disease in of wild tropical walkingsticks is available year-round, cotton. a greenhouse is used to maintain availability of leaves throughout the year. There are various tips and tricks P4-12. BioCeres (Beauveria bassiana) and tank mix, to keeping walkingsticks and plants healthy. In this do’s and don’ts situation rearing walkingsticks is worth the effort to Manuel Campos (mcampos@biosafesystems. share these fascinating animals with the public by being com), BioSafe Systems, East Hartford, CT available in outreach presentations. BioCeres is a biological insecticide based on Beauveria bassiana. This biological insecticide works by infecting P4-15. The spider-mite predator Oligota sp. the insect populating the insect’s cuticle and it moves (Staphylinidae) in a sorghum field in Saltillo, Mexico through the hemolymph. For a successful application, the environmental, crop, product compatibility and Helmer Botello-Gomez (doctorsergiosanchez@ gmail.com) and Sergio Sánchez-Peña, Universi- equipment conditions have to be under certain manner dad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Saltillo, to deliver conidia onto the insects. This presentation CU, Mexico will mention some “do’s and don’ts” that will impact on Spider mites (Acari: Tetranychidae) are cosmopolitan insect infection. polyphagous key pests. They often increase (flare) their populations on crops after chemicals are applied for P4-13. Survey of possible incidence of Helicoverpa armigera invasion in Texas control of other arthropods. We observed the little- Megha N. Parajulee ([email protected]) studied spider mite predator, Oligota sp. (Coleoptera: and Stanley C. Carroll, Texas A&M Univ., Lubbock, Staphylinidae) on sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) sprayed TX for control of sugarcane aphid (Melanaphis sacchari) A four-year pheromone trap survey evaluated and other pests. Sorghum was planted on May 19 2018 pheromone lure and types in capturing Helicoverpa at Saltillo, Mexico. The crop received aplications of: moths with the overall goal of surveying the possible endosulfan (5 and 8 June), chlorpyrifos + permethrin incidence of Helicoverpa armigera invasion in Texas. Five (11 July), and chlorpyrifos (16 August). By 10 October, combinations of pheromone lures x trap types were sugarcane aphids numbers were extremely low (0-10/ evaluated from mid-July to early November. Surveys plant), but two-spotted spider mites were moderately were conducted once a week and sample specimens abundant with some leaf bronzing apparent. We sampled were either dissected for morphological diagnosis or 25 R7 (grain-filling) plants on each of four dates. Sampling analyzed at USDA Laboratory for molecular diagnostic was separated as medium and high strata. Numbers of of H. armigera incidence. Based on our limited survey adult Oligota individuals/plant and (total/date) were as locations, we found no evidence that H. armigera follows: 2.6 (64/10 October); 2.4 (60/12 October); 2.44 invasion has occurred in Texas. (61/14 October); 1.12 (28/16 October). Most Oligota were on the middle stratum. The population appeared P4-14. Phantasmagorical phasmids to be declining. Few larvae were observed. Spider mite Shane McMurry ([email protected]), numbers and bronzing were moderate (around 100 Oklahoma State Univ., Pawnee, OK mites of all sizes/ fully expanded leaf) apparently below EIL. The abundance of Oligota appeared to be associated Walkingstick insects are a key living feature of the with the relatively low spider mite numbers; some entomological outreach program that is the OSU Insect leaves had three beetles. Its abundance suggests that it

Poster Abstracts P4-12 — P4-15 Adventure. The Insect Adventure facility houses seven is justified to study the impact of this beetle on spider species of live walkingsticks including Medauroidea mite abundance on sorghum. extradentata (Annams), Heteropteryx dilatata (Jungle Nymphs), Eurycantha calcarata (Thorny Devils), Phyllium philippinicum (Walking Leaves), Phobacticus serratipes (Giant Malayan Walkingsticks), and Peruphasma

58 Author Index

INDICES * presenting Author Index Author Index Abdou Kadi Kadi, Hame �������������P3-2* Couger, Brian �����������������������������P2-2 Adams, Amy ���������������������������������P3-4* Cox, Robert ���������������������������������8-3 Adams, Dayvion �������������������������3-3* Davis, Bob �����������������������������������7-8* Anaya, Christina �������������������������2-4* de Lima Alvarez, Daniel �������������P2-1 Anderson, David �������������������������P4-2 Dietrich, Christopher H. �������������P2-4 Angerer, Jay ���������������������������������8-9 Discua, Samuel ���������������������������P4-10*, 2-14* Aranda-Ramirez, Criselda ���������P1-7* Dmitriev, Dmitry A. ���������������������P2-4 Armstrong, J. Scott ���������������������P2-12, 2-10, 4-11* do Prado, Jean Carlo ������������������P2-1 Arnold, Katherine �����������������������1-5* Dubie, Trisha �������������������������������P4-1* Arsenault, Samuel ���������������������8-8 Elliott, Norman ���������������������������2-9, 4-9* Ayala-Ortiz, Christian �����������������P2-4* Elzay, Sarah ���������������������������������2-12* Badillo-Vargas, Ismael E. �����������P3-3, 8-2, 8-7* Esquivel, Jesus �����������������������������P4-11* Barrientos-Lozano, Ludivina �����P2-5, P2-6 Esteve-Gassent, Maria ���������������2-2 Baum, Kristen �����������������������������2-11, 2-12 Farriester, Jacob �������������������������P2-2* Bell, Alois �������������������������������������P4-11 Flint, Casey �����������������������������������2-6 Benedict, Bridgett �����������������������2-6 Garcia, Diego �������������������������������3-4* Bennett, Blake �����������������������������7-1 Garcia, John ���������������������������������P1-4* Berman, David ���������������������������2-11* Garcia, Loriann ���������������������������6-4* Bernal Jimenez, Estephanie �������P3-3, 8-2, 8-7 García-Delgado, Miguel �������������P2-5 Blackwell, Larry ���������������������������P1-9 Gilder, Kyle �����������������������������������P2-10* Blagden, Trenna �������������������������P2-4 Giles, Kristopher �������������������������P2-9, 2-9, 2-10, 3-5, 4-9 Blumenfeld, Alexander �������������2-1* Glover, James �����������������������������4-6 Bolek, Matthew ���������������������������2-4 Golnar, Andrew ���������������������������3-3 Bonjour, Edmond L. �������������������4-10* Goodman, Laura �������������������������3-2 Botello-Gomez, Helmer �������������P4-15* Grunseich, John ���������������������������P2-15* Bowling, Robert ���������������������������2-9 Gu, Mengmeng ���������������������������P2-10, 2-5 Brewer, Michael �������������������������4-6*, 4-9 Guerrero-Espinoza, Patsy ���������P1-8 Brown, Wizzie �����������������������������10-5* Gustafson, John ��������������������������P2-2 Brundage, Adrienne �������������������6-1* Hagen, Darren �����������������������������P2-2 Buitrago, Andres �������������������������P2-16* Hairgrove, Thomas ���������������������P4-2 Caballero, Michael ���������������������P2-12* Hakeem, Abdul ���������������������������P4-7* Caesar, Ryan �������������������������������1-10 Hamer, Gabriel ���������������������������3-3 Campos, Manuel �������������������������P4-12*, 8-1* Hanelt, Ben ���������������������������������2-4 Cao, Xiaolong �������������������������������P4-4 Hansen, Immo �����������������������������9-2* Carey, Camille �����������������������������P4-9* Harris, Jonathan �������������������������P1-11* Carroll, Stanley C. �����������������������P4-13 Harris-Shultz, Karen �������������������2-10 Carver, Brett �������������������������������P2-9 Hawkings, Chloë �������������������������1-12 Castañon, Jeanette ���������������������P1-9*, 1-5 Hays, Samantha �������������������������P4-2* Castro-Arellano, Ivan �����������������2-2 Heinz, Kevin ���������������������������������P2-10, 2-5, 2-8 Chapkin, Ellie �������������������������������P1-2 Henriquez, Brandon �������������������P1-3* Coates, Craig �������������������������������6-6* Hernandez, Betty �����������������������P1-2

* presenting 59 Author Index

Hernandez Lara, Pablo �������������P2-13* Martin, Estelle �����������������������������9-1* Hernandez-Mejia, Julieta �����������P2-5 Martin, Jaclyn �������������������������������P3-3* Hess, Thomas �����������������������������P2-7*, 1-9 Maryak, Carrie �����������������������������1-8 Hicks, Victoria �����������������������������P2-10 Masloski, Kenneth ���������������������2-5* Hoback, W. Wyatt �����������������������P2-1, P2-2, P1-3, P1-5, P2- Matts, Emory �������������������������������7-5* 7, P1-11, P1-12, P2-12, 1-4, McMurry, Shane �������������������������P4-14* 1-7, 1-9, 2-7, 3-1, 4-11, 6-5* Medina, Raul F. ���������������������������2-2, 2-13, 5-2 Holt, Jocelyn R. ���������������������������2-13*, 5-2* Mercado, Alejandra �������������������1-2*, 4-3 Horst, Tracy ���������������������������������6-2* Merchant, Michael ���������������������P2-10, 7-1, 7-3* Howard, Samuel �������������������������2-6 Mitchell, Adam ���������������������������P1-4, P4-9, 4-8* Author Index Hunt, Brendan ����������������������������8-8 Mitchell, Forrest �������������������������P4-5 Hurley, Janet �������������������������������7-1* Montoya, John �����������������������������P1-4, P4-9 Janowiecki, Mark �������������������������2-3*, 5-1* Moore, Madeline ������������������������1-7* Jarrell, Kevin ���������������������������������3-5* Moraes Santos, Lucas ���������������P2-1 Jessie, Casi �����������������������������������4-9 Myers, Ashley �����������������������������1-10* Jiang, Haobo �������������������������������P4-4 Neupane, Subin �������������������������P2-8* Johnson, Tiffany �������������������������1-5, 8-4* Noden, Bruce �����������������������������P2-7, 3-1, 3-2, 9-3* Jones, Grace ���������������������������������P2-9* Oliveira de Freitas Bueno, Regiane Cristina. .P2-1 Kanost, Michael ���������������������������P4-4 Ontiveros, José ���������������������������P2-3* Kariyat, Rupesh ���������������������������4-5* Pachamuthu, Pari �����������������������7-6* Kaspari, Michael �������������������������P3-1 Parajulee, Megha �����������������������P4-7 Kattes, David H. ���������������������������P1-4, P4-9 Parajulee, Megha N. �������������������P4-13* Kay, Sasha �����������������������������������8-8 Park, Ikju �������������������������������������1-2, 1-3, 1-5, 4-3, 4-4* Keck, Molly �����������������������������������10-6* Paudyal, Sulochana �������������������2-10*, 4-11 Kerns, David �������������������������������P2-8 Payton, Mark �������������������������������P2-9, 2-9, 2-10 Key, Rayne �����������������������������������P1-12* Payton Miller, Tracey �����������������10-2* Khan, Omar ���������������������������������1-11* Pendleton, Bonnie ���������������������P3-2, P2-11 Kianifariz, Mahnaz ���������������������P4-8* Pérez de León, Adalberto A. �����8-9 King, Joan �������������������������������������8-8* Pérez-Ramírez, Rogelio �������������P2-5, P2-6* Kirkpatrick, Danielle �������������������4-1* Peterson, Robert K. D. ���������������10-1* Knowlton, Elizabeth �������������������3-1* Pickens, Victoria �������������������������1-6* Knutson, Allen �����������������������������P4-5*, 2-9 Prather, Rebecca �������������������������P3-1* Koch, Kyle �����������������������������������8-2* Rangel, Juliana �����������������������������P1-2, 1-1, 1-11, 8-5* Krauter, Peter �����������������������������2-5 Rebek, Eric �����������������������������������3-5 Lacy, Kip ���������������������������������������8-8 Recipient, Teaching Award �������6-7* Lamaje, Ankur �����������������������������4-11 Ree, Bill �����������������������������������������4-2* Lara, Danielle �����������������������������1-2, 1-3, 4-3 Reed, Blayne �������������������������������4-7 Lau, Pierre �����������������������������������1-1 Reed, Melissa �����������������������������P1-12, 1-4, 1-9, 2-7* Lewis, Katie ���������������������������������P4-7 Rich, Brian �����������������������������������8-9* Limaje, Ankur �����������������������������P1-3 Roblero-Gonzalez, Rosadelia ���P1-8* Lindenmayer, Jessica �����������������2-9* Rodriguez, Franchesca ���������������1-12* List, Fabian �����������������������������������2-6* Rodriguez, Nancy �����������������������1-3* Long, James ���������������������������������2-7 Rodriguez, Stephanie �����������������1-1* Longing, Scott �����������������������������P4-10, 2-14, 8-3* Ross, Kenneth �����������������������������8-8 Lopez-Monzon, Francisco ���������P1-7 Rott, Philippe �������������������������������2-10 Marek, Stephen M. ���������������������P2-4 Royer, Tom ���������������������������������P2-9, 2-9

60 * presenting Author Index

Sanchez-Pedraza, Fernando �����P2-14* Tomberlin, Jeffery K. �������������������P4-2 Sánchez-Peña, Sergio �����������������P1-7, P1-8, P2-14, P4-15, Torres-Acosta, Reyna �����������������P2-5* 3-6 Torres-Castillo, Jorge �����������������P2-5, P2-6 Saran, Raj �������������������������������������7-4* Treviño-Cueto, Diego �����������������P2-14 Author Index Scasta, John ���������������������������������3-2 Trimm, Travis �����������������������������P1-2* Seiter, Nick �����������������������������������2-9 Triplett, Ethan �����������������������������P2-11* Shepherd, Tonya �������������������������8-5 Vafaie, Erfan �������������������������������2-8* Sherrill, Kylie �������������������������������3-2* Varela, Kristyne ���������������������������P1-10* Shufran, Andrine A. �������������������10-8* Vargo, Edward �����������������������������2-1, 2-3, 7-7 Shults, Phillip �������������������������������7-7*, 9-4* Vieira Santos, Leonardo �������������P2-1* Smythe, Brandon �����������������������P1-1, 3-4, 9-6* Villegas-Luján, Renato ���������������3-6* Sober, Robert �����������������������������6-3* Vincze, Haley �������������������������������P1-6* Song, Hojun ���������������������������������2-6 Vredevoe, Larisa �������������������������2-4 Sutherland, Carol �����������������������7-2* Vyavhare, Suhas �������������������������P4-7, 4-7* Swiger, Sonja �������������������������������P4-2, 1-8, 9-7* Walker, Hannah �������������������������1-8* Szczepaniec, Adrianna ���������������P2-8, P4-8, P1-10 Walker, Karen �����������������������������10-7* Tallamy, Douglas W. �������������������4-8 Walsh, Elizabeth �������������������������1-11, 8-5 Talley, Justin ���������������������������������3-1, 3-2, 9-5* Wang, Hongliang �������������������������2-10 Tamborindeguy, Cecilia �������������1-12 Wang, Yang ���������������������������������P4-4* Tan, Leon �������������������������������������P1-5* Way, Michael (Mo) ���������������������P3-3 Tarone, Aaron �����������������������������1-1 Wayadande, Astri �����������������������P2-4, 1-6, 3-5, 10-3* Taylor, Mason �����������������������������1-4* Whiteman, Liam �������������������������1-9* Teel, Pete �������������������������������������P4-2, 8-9 Wiedenmann, Robert N. �����������10-4* Thomas, Donald B. ���������������������8-9 Woolley, James ���������������������������2-5 Thompson, Dave �������������������������P1-9 Xiong, Caixing �����������������������������2-6 Thompson, David �����������������������1-5 Zarrabi, Ali �����������������������������������P2-9 Thompson, David C �������������������1-2, 4-4 Zepeda, Ramon ���������������������������P1-1* Thompson, David C. �������������������1-3, 4-3* Zhu, Yu Cheng �����������������������������8-6* Tietjen, Mackenzie ���������������������2-2* Zhu-Salzman, Keyan �������������������P3-3 Tolleson, Doug ���������������������������8-9

* presenting 61 Common Name Index Common Name Index

American burying beetle �������������1-4 monarch butterfly �����������������������6-6, 2-11, P1-11

American cockroach ���������������������2-6 northern house mosquito �����������P4-1

American dog tick �������������������������2-2 odorous house ant �����������������������2-1

Asian tiger mosquito �������������������1-9, 9-1, 9-3 old world bollworm ���������������������P4-13

bermudagrass stem maggot �������P4-5 onion thrips �����������������������������������4-7

bird cherry-oat aphid �������������������P2-9 pecan nut casebearer �����������������P1-9

brown marmorated stink bug ���4-1 pecan weevil ���������������������������������1-5 Common Name Index

brown stink bug ���������������������������P4-11 potato psyllid ���������������������������������8-2, 8-7, P1-10

cabbage aphid �������������������������������P1-7 red flour beetle �����������������������������4-10

cinereous cockroach �������������������2-6 red imported fire ant �������������������8-8, 1-12

corn leafhopper ���������������������������P2-4 rice delphacid �������������������������������P3-3

crapemyrtle bark scale ���������������2-5, P2-10 rice weevil �������������������������������������4-10

Cuban cockroach �������������������������2-6 sevenspotted lady beetle �����������P1-11

eastern grape leafhopper �����������3-5 southern cattle tick �����������������������8-9

eastern subterranean termite ���2-3, 7-8 southern green stink bug �����������P4-11

fall armyworm �������������������������������P1-8, P2-1, P2-14 southern house mosquito �����������3-3, 9-1

fall webworm �������������������������������P3-4 spotted cucumber beetle �����������P2-15

grain mite ��������������������������������������P1-3 stable fly �����������������������������������������P1-1

greenhouse whitefly ��������������������3-6 striped cucumber beetle �������������P2-15

hairy maggot blow fly ������������������1-1 sugarcane aphid ���������������������������2-9, 5-2, 2-10, 2-13, 4-11, P2-8, P4-8, P2-11, P2-12, hickory shuckworm ���������������������4-2 P4-15

honey bee �������������������������������������8-3, 8-5, 8-6, 1-11, P1-2, sweat bee ���������������������������������������P1-6 P1-11, P4-10 sweetpotato whitefly �������������������2-8 horn fly �������������������������������������������1-8, 3-4, 9-5, 9-6, 9-7, P1-1 tawny crazy ant �����������������������������5-2, 2-13 house cricket ���������������������������������2-4 tobacco hornworm �����������������������4-5, P4-4 house fly ���������������������������������������P1-1 tomato psyllid �������������������������������P2-13 leaffooted bug �������������������������������4-6 western flower thrips �������������������4-7 lesser grain borer �������������������������4-10 yellow mealworm �������������������������P1-5 locust leafminer ���������������������������P2-5, P2-6 yellowfever mosquito �����������������1-6, 9-1, 9-2, 9-3 maize weevil ���������������������������������P3-2

62 Scientific Name Index Scientific Name Index Scientific Name Index

Acari Acaridae Acarus siro ����������������������������������� P1-3 Diptera Culicidae Culex pipiens ������������������������� P4-1

Acari Ixodidae Boophilus microplus ������������������� 8-9 Diptera Culicidae Culex quinquefasciatus ��������� 3-3, 9-1

Acari Ixodidae Dermacentor variabilis ��������������� 2-2 Diptera Muscidae Atherigona reversura ����������� P4-5

Acari Ixodoidea ��������������������������������������������������� 9-3 Diptera Muscidae Haematobia irritans ������������� 1-8, 3-4, 9-5, 9-6, 9-7, P1-1 Acari Macronyssidae ����������������������������������������� 7-3 Diptera Muscidae Musca domestica ����������������� P1-1 Acari Phytoseiidae Amblyseius swirskii ������������� 2-8 Diptera Muscidae Stomoxys calcitrans ������������� P1-1 Acari Tetranychidae Tetranychus urticae ��������� P2-3, P4-15 Diptera Tabanidae Chrysops ����������������������������� 3-2 Blattodea Blaberidae Nauphoeta cinerea ������� 2-6 Diptera Tabanidae Hybomitra ��������������������������� 3-2 Blattodea Blaberidae Panchlora nivea ������������� 2-6 Diptera Tabanidae Tabanus ������������������������������� 3-2 Blattodea Blattidae Periplaneta americana ����� 2-6 Hemiptera Aleyrodidae Bemisia tabaci ����������� 2-8 Blattodea Rhinotermitidae Reticulitermes flavipes. .2-3, 7-8 Hemiptera Aleyrodidae Trialeurodes vaporariorum. 3-6 Coleoptera Bostrichidae Rhyzopertha dominica. . .4-10 Hemiptera Aphididae Brevicoryne brassicae ��� P1-7 Coleoptera Cerambycidae Oncideres rhodosticta. . 1-2, 4-3 Hemiptera Aphididae Melanaphis sacchari ����� 2-9, 5-2, Coleoptera Chrysomelidae Acalymma vittatum. . .P2-15 2-10, 2-13, 4-11, P2-8, Coleoptera Chrysomelidae Algarobius prosopis. . .1-3 P4-8, P2-11, P2-12, P4-15 Coleoptera Chrysomelidae Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi. . . .P2-15 Hemiptera Aphididae Rhopalosiphum padi ����� P2-9

Coleoptera Coccinellidae Coccinella septempunctata P1-11 Hemiptera Cicadellidae Dalbulus maidis ��������� P2-4

Coleoptera Curculionidae Curculio caryae ������� 1-5 Hemiptera Cicadellidae Erythroneura comes . . 3-5

Coleoptera Curculionidae Rhinocyllus conicus 4-4 Hemiptera Coreidae Leptoglossus phyllopus ��� 4-6

Coleoptera Curculionidae Sitophilus oryzae ��� 4-10 Hemiptera Delphacidae Tagosodes orizicolus � P3-3

Coleoptera Curculionidae Sitophilus zeamais � P3-2 Hemiptera Eriococcidae Acanthococcus lagerstroemiae...... 2-5, P2-10 Coleoptera Silphidae Nicrophorus americanus 1-4 Hemiptera Pentatomidae Euschistus servus ��� P4-11 Coleoptera Silphidae Nicrophorus orbicollis ��� P2-2 Hemiptera Pentatomidae Halyomorpha halys 4-1 Coleoptera Silphidae Nicrophorus pustulatus � 1-4, P2-2 Hemiptera Pentatomidae Nezara viridula ������� P4-11 Coleoptera Staphylinidae Oligota ��������������������� P4-15 Hemiptera Reduviidae Platymeris biguttatus . . P1-5 Coleoptera Tenebrionidae Tenebrio molitor ��� P1-5 Hemiptera Triozidae Bactericera cockerelli ����� 8-2, 8-7, P1- Coleoptera Tenebrionidae Tribolium castaneum. . 4-10 10, P2-13

Diptera Calliphoridae Chrysomya rufifacies ����� 1-1 Hymenoptera Aphelinidae Encarsia formosa � 3-6

Diptera Ceratopogonidae Culicoides ��������������� 9-4 Hymenoptera Aphelinidae Eretmocerus eremicus. .2-8

Diptera Culicidae Aedes aegypti ������������������������� 1-6, 1-9, 9-1, Hymenoptera Apidae Apis ��������������������������������� P1-6 9-2, 9-3 Hymenoptera Apidae Apis mellifera ����������������� 8-3, 8-5, 8-6, Diptera Culicidae Aedes albopictus ������������������� 1-9, 9-1, 9-3 1-11, P1-2, P1-11, P4-10 Diptera Culicidae Culex erraticus ����������������������� 1-9

63 Scientific Name Index Common Name Index

Hymenoptera Braconidae Diaeretiella rapae � 4-9, P1-7 Lepidoptera Noctuidae Spodoptera frugiperda. . . P1-8, P2-1, P2-14 Hymenoptera Braconidae Lysiphlebus testaceipes. .4-9 Lepidoptera Pyralidae Acrobasis nuxvorella ��� P1-9 Hymenoptera Figitidae Alloxysta fuscicornis ��� P1-7 Lepidoptera Sphingidae Manduca sexta ��������� 4-5, P4-4 Hymenoptera Formicidae Nylanderia fulva ����� 5-2, 2-13 Lepidoptera Tortricidae Cydia caryana ����������� 4-2 Hymenoptera Formicidae Solenopsis invicta . . 8-8, 1-12 Odonata Calopterygidae ����������������������������������� 1-10 Hymenoptera Formicidae Tapinoma sessile ��� 2-1 Odonata Coenagrionidae ��������������������������������� 1-10 Hymenoptera Halictidae Agapostemon ����������� 2-12 Orthoptera Acrididae Schistocerca piceifrons � P2-5, P2-6 Hymenoptera Halictidae Halictus ��������������������� P1-6 Orthoptera Gryllidae Acheta domesticus ��������� 2-4 Hymenoptera Platygastridae Telenomus remus. . .P2-1

Scientific Name Index Phasmatodea Heteronemiidae Isoptera Rhinotermitidae Reticulitermes hageni. . .2-3 Megaphasma denticrus. . . . . 5-1

Isoptera Rhinotermitidae Reticulitermes virginicus. .2-3 Phasmatodea Phasmatidae Eurycantha calcarata. .P4-14

Lepidoptera Danaidae Danaus plexippus �������� 6-6, 2-11, Phasmatodea Phasmatidae Heteropteryx dilatata. .P4-14 P1-11 Phasmatodea Pseudophasmatidae Lepidoptera Erebidae Hyphantria cunea ��������� P3-4 Peruphasma schultei...... P4-14

Lepidoptera Gracillariidae Caloptilia Thysanoptera Thripidae Frankliniella occidentalis. .4-7 blandella...... 8-4 Thysanoptera Thripidae Thrips tabaci ������������� 4-7 Lepidoptera Noctuidae Anticarsia gemmatalis P2-5

Lepidoptera Noctuidae Helicoverpa armigera � P4-13

64 Hyatt Regency Tulsa

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