T Cookbook

E

Nov

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Dashes

to get you typ notes

a ab hyphen

ab ab dash

ab ab long dash

galaxy galaxy discretionary hyphen

Standard ligatures handled automatically

to get you typ e notes

ff

fi

fl

ffi

ffl

Accents

to get you typ e notes

e e acute accent

a a grave accent

e e circumex

u u umlaut

n tilde

a a macron

a a dot accent

u g breve accent

a a acek

H o long Hungarian umlaut

oo oo tieafter accent

c c c cedilla accent

a a dot under accent

a b a barunder accent

Sp ecial Characters

to get you typ e notes

oe French ligature o e

OE French ligature OE

ae Scandinavian ligature ae

AE Scandinavian ligature AE

a aa Scandinavian awithcircle

A AA Scandinavian Awithcircle

o Scandinavian owithslash

O Scandinavian Owithslash

l Polish suppressedl

L L Polish suppressedL

German sharp

i dotless i

dotless j

Punctuation

to get you typ e notes

text text quotation marks

Wow Wow op en exclamation

Huh Huh op en question

dollar sign

c cents centsign

sterling p ounds sterling

item item number sign

pure pure p ercent sign

H Blo ck HR Block amp ersand

Sp ecial symbols

to get you typ e notes

dag dagger

ddag double dagger

x S section number sign

P paragraph symbol

c

copyright copyright symbol

T X TeX

E

dots ellipsis

Fonts

to get you typ e notes

A roman font A rm roman font default font

An italic font An it italic font

A slanted font A sl slanted font

A bold font A bf bold font

A typewriter font A tt typewriter font

A C ALLI G RAP HI C font A cal CALLIGRAPHIC font caps only

Oldstyle digits Oldstyle digits oldstyle

Breakable horizontal spaces

to get you typ e notes

This much This much normal space

This much This much same as ab ove

This much Thisenskip much

This much Thisquad much

This much Thisqquad much

This much hskip dim

Unbreakable horizontal spaces

to get you typ e notes

This much Thismuch tie

This much Thisenspace much

This much Thisthinspace much

Thismuch Thisnegthinspace much

italic correction it italic correction

This much kern dim

Math accents

to get you typ e notes

x acute x corresp onds to

x grave x corresp onds to

x hat x corresp onds to

x ddot x corresp onds to

x tilde x corresp onds to

x bar x corresp onds to

x dot x corresp onds to

x breve x corresp onds to u

x check x corresp onds to v

x vec x vector

imath dotless i

jmath dotless j

xyd z widehat xyz

xyg z widetilde xyz

Greek letters

lower case variant upp er case

to get you typ e to get you typ e to get you typ e name

alpha A rm A alpha

beta B rm B beta

gamma Gamma gamma

delta Delta delta

epsilon varepsilon E rm E epsilon

zeta Z rm Z zeta

eta H rm H eta

theta vartheta Theta theta

iota I rm I iota

kappa rm K kappa

lambda Lambda lambda

mu rm M mu

nu N rm N nu

xi Xi xi

o rm o O rm O omicron

pi varpi Pi pi

rho varrho P rm P rho

sigma varsigma Sigma sigma

tau T rm T tau

upsilon Upsilon upsilon

phi varphi Phi phi

chi X rm X chi

psi Psi psi

omega Omega omega

Math spaces

to get you typ e notes

xy xy thin space quad

xy xy medium space quad

xy xy thick space quad

xy xy negative thin space quad

thinmuskip mu

medmuskip mu plus muminus mu

thickmuskip mu plus mu

mkern muglue unbreakable

mskip muglue breakable

Ordinary math symbols

to get you typ e notes

aleph aleph

h hbar hbar

ell script l

wp Weierstrass function

Re real part

Im imaginary part

partial partial derivative

infty innity

prime prime

emptyset null set

r nabla nabla

top T symbol

bot upside down T

j divides

j vert same as

k parallel

k Vert same as

angle angle

triangle triangle

n backslash backslash

forall for all

exists there exists

neg negation symbol

flat at

natural natural

sharp sharp

clubsuit club suit

diamondsuit diamond suit

heartsuit heart suit

spadesuit spadesuit

Subscripts and sup erscripts

to get you typ e notes

x x

x x

x xalpha

x x

u u



x xab

ab

x x



x x

x xsharp

x x



a a

x x



sin sin phi

sin

a b absin theta

x x

n

x xn

x xi

i



x

e ex

y



x xy





ab

x xab

x xa

a



x xa

a



b

x xab

a

b

x xab

a



x xa

a

r



x xr

r



x xbr



b



b



x xab



a





sin sin degrees



x x



a a

F x x

The n word The nrm th word

Binary op erations

to get you typ e notes

pm plus or minus

mp minus or plus

n setminus set minus

cdot centered dot

plus

minus

times times

discretionary times

div divide

ast asterisk

star vep ointed star

diamond diamond

circ small circle

bullet bullet

cap cap intersection

cup cup union

uplus plus inside cup

u sqcap square cap

t sqcup square cup

triangleleft triangle p ointing left

triangleright triangle p ointing right

o wr wreath pro duct

bigcirc large circle

bigtriangleup

bigtriangledown

vee vee

lor logical or same as vee

wedge wedge

land logical and same as wedge

oplus circled plus

ominus circled minus

otimes circled times

oslash circled divide

odot circled dot

y dagger dagger

z ddagger double dagger

amalg

Order relations

to get you typ e name to get you typ e name

less than greater than

leq less than or equal geq greater than or equal

le same as leq ge same as geq

prec precedes succ succeeds

preceq precedes or equal succeq succeeds or equal

much less than gg much greater than

subset contained in supset contains

subseteq subset or equal supseteq sup erset or equal

v sqsubseteq square subset or equal sqsupseteq square sup erset or equal

Negated relations

to get you typ e notes

not not less than

not not greater than

not leq not less than or equal to

not geq not greater than or equal

not prec do not precede

not succ do es not succeed

not preceq do es not precede or equal

not succeq do es not succeed or equal

not subset not contained in

not supset do es not contain

not subseteq not subset or equal

not supseteq not sup erset or equal

v not sqsubseteq not square subset or equal

w not sqsupseteq not square sup erset or equal

not not equal to

neq same as not

not equiv not equivalentto

not sim not similar to

not simeq not similar or equal to

not approx not approximately equal to

not cong not congruentto

not asymp not asymptotic to

notin not a member of

Equivalence relations

to get you typ e notes

equals

equiv equivalentto

sim similar to

simeq similar or equals

asymp asymptotic to

approx approximately equal to

cong congruentto

bowtie bowtie

doteq dot equal

k parallel is parallel to

perp is p erp endicular to

Other binary relations

to get you typ e notes

j mid divides

smile

frown

in belongs to

ni contains

vdash

a dashv

j models

propto prop ortional to

Stacking

to get you typ e notes

x

xover y fraction

y

ab

abover cd

cd

ab

x xabover cdy y

cd

x

xatop y stacking

y

x

xchoose y binomial co ecient

y

x

xabove pt y thicker fraction line

y

x

xbrack y

y

x

xatopwithdelims y

y

x

xoverwithdelims y Legendre symbol

y

x

xabovewithdelims pt y

y

Ro ots and radicals

to get you typ e notes

p

x sqrt x square ro ot

p

x y sqrt xy

p



x y root of xy

p

n

root n of

p

n

x y root n of xy

x x

grouping

to get you typ e notes

x underline x

x y underline xy

x overline x

x y overline xy

Dots

to get you typ e notes

x x x xx ldots xn lower dots

n

f x x x fxxldots xn lower dots

n

x x x xxcdots xn centered dots

n

x y xcdot y centered dot

x y xcirc y centered circle

vdots vertical dots

ddots diagonal dots

x dot x dot math accent

x ddot x double dot math accent

x y xdoteq y

x y xodot y circled dot

x y xbullet y bullet

J

x y xbigodot y big circle with dot



sin sin degrees degrees

and not in math mo de and not in math mode dots ellipsis

A p erio d ends a sentence A period ends a sentence period

a a dot accent

a a umlaut

a d a dot under accent

o H o long Hungarian umlaut

Arrows

to get you typ e to get you typ e

leftarrow rightarrow

gets to

Leftarrow Rightarrow

longleftarrow longrightarrow

Longleftarrow Longrightarrow

hookleftarrow hookrightarrow

leftharpoonup rightharpoonup

leftharpoondown rightharpoondown

iff rightleftharpoons

mapsto longmapsto

leftrightarrow longleftrightarrow

Leftrightarrow Longleftrightarrow

uparrow Uparrow

downarrow Downarrow

l updownarrow m Updownarrow

nearrow nwarrow

searrow swarrow

overleftarrow xy overrightarrow xy xy xy

f A B fcolon Ato B xy vec xy

Delimiters

to get you typ e notes

x y xy parentheses

x y xy square brackets

fx y g xy curly braces

fx y g lbrace xyrbrace same as and

dx y e lceil xyrceil ceiling function

bx y c lfloor xyrfloor o or function

hx y i langle xyrangle angle brackets

AB AB slash

AnB Abackslash B backslash

jx y j xy vertical bar

jx y j vert xyvert same as

kx y k xy double vertical bar

kx y k Vert xyVert same as

x y xuparrow y upward arrow

x y xUparrow y upward arrow

x y xdownarrow y downward arrow

x y xDownarrow y downward arrow

x l y xupdownarrow y upanddown arrow

x m y xUpdownarrow y upanddown arrow

Delimiters

to get precede the delimiter by notes

fgdebchi njk lm normal size

x w x

w y y

nbigl or nbigr slightly larger

x w x

hinolmjkDE

w w w

nBigl or nBigr taller than nbig

w y y

x w x

w w w

w w w

nbiggl or nbiggr twice as tall as nbig

w y y

x w x

w w w

w w w

nBiggl or nBiggr times as tall as nbig

w w w

w y y

Use nbigl nBigl nbiggl or nBiggl for left delimiters

Use nbigr nBigr nbiggr or nBiggr for right delimiters

Use nbig nBig nbigg or nBigg for delimiters with no space around them

Use nbigm nBigm nbiggm or nBiggm for relational delimiters with space on b oth sides

To get matching delimiters the right size for a p ortion of text

precede the left delimiter of the text by nleft and precede the right delimiter by nright

An unmatched delimiter can b e matched with a p erio d delimiter

Large op erators

to get you typ e notes

P

sum summation

Q

prod pro duct

coprod copro duct

R

int integral

H

oint contour integral

T

bigcap intersection

S

bigcup union

F

bigsqcup square cup

W

bigvee disjunction

V

bigwedge conjunction

L

bigoplus circled plus

U

biguplus plus in U

N

bigotimes circled times

J

bigodot circled dot

Limits on large op erators

to get you typ e in a display lo oks like

n

P P

n

i i

x sum n xi x

n

P P

n

k k

x sum knxk x

k

k



Q Q



x x

k k

prod kinfty xkover k

k

k k

k

R R

n n

int xndx x dx x dx

 

R R

r r

x x

dx dx int rxover xdx

x x

 

R R

f d f d int Aftheta dtheta

A A

T T

bigcap rAr A A

r r

r

r

S S

B bigcup alpha in SBalpha B

S

S

V V

bigwedge gcd nmPmn P P

mn mn

gcdnm

gcdnm

gcd gcd ini gcd n n

i i

i

i

inf A inf xto infty Ax inf A

x x x

x

 

x x

lim e lim xdownarrow ex lim e

x

x

lim inf f y liminf yto fy lim inf f y

y 

y 

lim sup g y limsup yuparrow gy lim sup g y

y

y

f n

f n

max P x max jfnPjx max P x

j j

j

j

min G min leq nleq mGn min G

n m n n

n m

Pr f x Pr x fx Pr f x

x

x

sup a b sup kakbk sup a b

k k k k

k

k

det M det n Mn det M

n n n

n

Functions

to get you typ e notes

arccos arccos

arcsin arcsin

arctan arctan

arg arg argument

cos cos cosine

cosh cosh hyp erb olic cosine

cot cot cotangent

coth coth hyp erb olic cotangent

csc csc cosecant

csch csch hyp erb olic cosecant

deg deg degree

det det determinant

dim dim dimension

exp exp exp onential

gcd gcd greatest common divisor

hom hom

inf inf innum

ker ker kernel

lg lg log base

lim lim limit

lim inf liminf

lim sup limsup

ln ln natural log

log log common log base

max max maximum

min min minimum

mo d mod mo dulo

Pr Pr probability

sec sec secant

sech sech hyp erb olic secant

sin sin sine

sinh sinh hyp erb olic sine

sup sup supremum

tan tan tangent

tanh tanh hyp erb olic tangent