A Complete Bibliography of Publications in the Journal of Cell Biology: 2000–2004
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The Significance of the Evolutionary Relationship of Prion Proteins and ZIP Transporters in Health and Disease
The Significance of the Evolutionary Relationship of Prion Proteins and ZIP Transporters in Health and Disease by Sepehr Ehsani A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology University of Toronto © Copyright by Sepehr Ehsani 2012 The Significance of the Evolutionary Relationship of Prion Proteins and ZIP Transporters in Health and Disease Sepehr Ehsani Doctor of Philosophy Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology University of Toronto 2012 Abstract The cellular prion protein (PrPC) is unique amongst mammalian proteins in that it not only has the capacity to aggregate (in the form of scrapie PrP; PrPSc) and cause neuronal degeneration, but can also act as an independent vector for the transmission of disease from one individual to another of the same or, in some instances, other species. Since the discovery of PrPC nearly thirty years ago, two salient questions have remained largely unanswered, namely, (i) what is the normal function of the cellular protein in the central nervous system, and (ii) what is/are the factor(s) involved in the misfolding of PrPC into PrPSc? To shed light on aspects of these questions, we undertook a discovery-based interactome investigation of PrPC in mouse neuroblastoma cells (Chapter 2), and among the candidate interactors, identified two members of the ZIP family of zinc transporters (ZIP6 and ZIP10) as possessing a PrP-like domain. Detailed analyses revealed that the LIV-1 subfamily of ZIP transporters (to which ZIPs 6 and 10 belong) are in fact the evolutionary ancestors of prions (Chapter 3). -
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Recent Advances and Prospects in the Research of Nascent Adhesions Arxiv:2007.13368V1 [Q-Bio.SC] 27 Jul 2020
Recent Advances and Prospects in the Research of Nascent Adhesions Henning Stumpf1, Andreja Ambriović-Ristov2, Aleksandra Radenovic3, and Ana-Sunčana Smith1,4 1PULS Group, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Interdisciplinary Center for Nanostructured Films, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany 2Laboratory for Cell Biology and Signalling, Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia 3Laboratory of Nanoscale Biology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland 4Group for Computational Life Sciences, Department of Physical Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia July 28, 2020 1 Abstract Nascent adhesions are submicron transient structures promoting the early adhesion of cells to the extracellular matrix. Nascent adhesions typically consist of several tens of integrins, and serve as platforms for the recruitment and activation of proteins to build mature focal adhesions. They are also associated with early stage signalling and the mechanoresponse. Despite their crucial role in sampling the local extracellular matrix, very little is known about the mechanism of their formation. Consequently, there is a strong scientific activity focused on elucidating the physical and biochemical foundation of their development and function. Precisely the results of this effort will be summarized in this article. 2 Introduction Integrin-mediated adhesion of cells and the associated mechanosensing is of monumental importance for the physiology of nearly any cell type [1]. It often proceeds through the arXiv:2007.13368v1 [q-bio.SC] 27 Jul 2020 maturation of nascent adhesions (NAs), which are transient supramolecular assemblies, to focal adhesions (FAs), connecting a cell to the extracellular matrix or another cell. NAs typically contain around 50 integrins [2], and show a high turnover rate, with lifetimes of a bit over a minute [3]. -
The Role of Model Organisms in the History of Mitosis Research
Downloaded from http://cshperspectives.cshlp.org/ on September 30, 2021 - Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press The Role of Model Organisms in the History of Mitosis Research Mitsuhiro Yanagida Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan Correspondence: [email protected] Mitosis is a cell-cycle stage during which condensed chromosomes migrate to the middle of the cell and segregate into two daughter nuclei before cytokinesis (cell division) with the aid of a dynamic mitotic spindle. The history of mitosis research is quite long, commencing well before the discovery of DNA as the repository of genetic information. However, great and rapid progress has been made since the introduction of recombinant DNA technology and discovery of universal cell-cycle control. A large number of conserved eukaryotic genes required for the progression from early to late mitotic stages have been discovered, confirm- ing that DNA replication and mitosis are the two main events in the cell-division cycle. In this article, a historical overview of mitosis is given, emphasizing the importance of diverse model organisms that have been used to solve fundamental questions about mitosis. Onko Chisin—An attempt to discover new truths by checkpoint [SAC]), then metaphase (in which studying the past through scrutiny of the old. the chromosomes are aligned in the middle of cell), anaphase A (in which identical sister chro- matids comprising individual chromosomes LARGE SALAMANDER CHROMOSOMES separate and move toward opposite poles of ENABLED THE FIRST DESCRIPTION the cell), anaphase B (in which the spindle elon- OF MITOSIS gates as the chromosomes approach the poles), itosis means “thread” in Greek. -
Gurdon Institute 20122011 PROSPECTUS / ANNUAL REPORT 20112010
The Wellcome Trust/Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute 20122011 PROSPECTUS / ANNUAL REPORT 20112010 Gurdon I N S T I T U T E PROSPECTUS 2012 ANNUAL REPORT 2011 http://www.gurdon.cam.ac.uk CONTENTS THE INSTITUTE IN 2011 INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................................................3 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND..........................................................................................................4 CENTRAL SUPPORT SERVICES....................................................................................................5 FUNDING.........................................................................................................................................................5 RETREAT............................................................................................................................................................5 RESEARCH GROUPS.........................................................................................................6 MEMBERS OF THE INSTITUTE................................................................................44 CATEGORIES OF APPOINTMENT..............................................................................44 POSTGRADUATE OPPORTUNITIES..........................................................................44 SENIOR GROUP LEADERS.............................................................................................44 GROUP LEADERS.......................................................................................................................48 -
Secreted Proteins in Microsporidian Parasites: a Functional and Evolutionary Perspective on Host-Parasite Interactions
Secreted proteins in microsporidian parasites: a functional and evolutionary perspective on host-parasite interactions. Submitted by Scott Edward Campbell to the University of Exeter as a thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Biological Science. In September 2013 This thesis is available for Library use on the understanding that it is copyright material and that no quotation from this thesis may be published without proper acknowledgment. I certify that all material in this thesis which is not my own work has been identified and that no material has previously been submitted and approved for the award of a degree by this or any other University. Signature ……………………………………. Page| 1 Abstract The Microsporidia form a phylum of obligate intracellular parasites known to cause disease in humans and a diverse range of economically important animal species. Once classified as ‘primitive’ eukaryotes, it is now recognised that the peculiarities of microsporidian genomics and cell biology are, in fact, the consequence of extreme reduction allowed by an intimate relationship with the host cell. Excluding survival as an extracellular spore, microsporidia are in direct contact with the host throughout their developmental lifecycle, from entry to egress. Host cell manipulations have been described in morphological terms, but despite this, characterisation of such processes at the molecular level remains challenging. The logistics of the microsporidian lifecycle suggest secreted proteins and membrane proteins with extracellular domains may be involved in virulence and implicated in host cell manipulation. This study employs bioinformatic tools to predict secreted proteins in diverse microsporidia and comparative genomics to identify conserved proteins which may be required for host cell manipulation, pathogenicity and lifecycle progression. -
The Atiregs – Characterization of a New Family of Metal Transporters in Arabidopsis Thaliana
Silvia Kirchner The AtIREGs – Characterization of a new family of metal transporters in Arabidopsis thaliana Institute of Plant Nutrition University of Hohenheim Prof. Dr. N. von Wirén The AtIREGs - Characterization of a new family of metal transporters in Arabidopsis thaliana Dissertation Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree „Doktor der Agrarwissenschaften“ (Dr. Sc. Agr. / Ph. D. in Agricultural Sciences) to the Faculty Agricultural Sciences of the University of Hohenheim presented by Silvia Kirchner from Neu-Ulm 2009 This thesis was accepted as a doctoral dissertation in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree “Doktor der Agrarwissenschaften” by the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences at the University of Hohenheim. Date of oral examination: 3rd March 2009 Examination Committee Supervisor and reviewer Prof. Dr. Nicolaus von Wirén Co-reviewer Prof. Dr. Gerd Weber Additional examiner Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Hanke Vice dean and head of the committee Prof. Dr. Werner Bessei Table of contents 1 Summary – Zusammenfassung ………………………......................………………………...….... 1 1.1 Summary ……………………………...........................………………………………………........ 1 1.2 Zusammenfassung ……………………........................…………………………………….......... 3 2 Introduction ………………………………………………………...…............................................... 5 2.1 Heavy metals: definition and terminology ……...………………..........……....................... 5 2.2 Metal homeostasis in higher plants: dealing with deficiency and toxicity ........................ 5 2.2.1 The physiological -
The Role of Zip Superfamily of Metal Transporters in Chronic Diseases, Purification & Characterization of a Bacterial Zip Tr
Wayne State University Wayne State University Theses 1-1-2011 The Role Of Zip Superfamily Of Metal Transporters In Chronic Diseases, Purification & Characterization Of A Bacterial Zip Transporter: Zupt. Iryna King Wayne State University Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.wayne.edu/oa_theses Part of the Biochemistry Commons, and the Molecular Biology Commons Recommended Citation King, Iryna, "The Role Of Zip Superfamily Of Metal Transporters In Chronic Diseases, Purification & Characterization Of A Bacterial Zip Transporter: Zupt." (2011). Wayne State University Theses. Paper 63. This Open Access Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@WayneState. It has been accepted for inclusion in Wayne State University Theses by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@WayneState. THE ROLE OF ZIP SUPERFAMILY OF METAL TRANSPORTERS IN CHRONIC DISEASES, PURIFICATION & CHARACTERIZATION OF A BACTERIAL ZIP TRANSPORTER: ZUPT by IRYNA KING THESIS Submitted to the Graduate School of Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE 2011 MAJOR: BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Approved by: ___________________________________ Advisor Date © COPYRIGHT BY IRYNA KING 2011 All Rights Reserved DEDICATION I dedicate this work to my father, Julian Banas, whose footsteps I indisputably followed into science & my every day inspiration, my son, William Peter King ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS First and foremost I would like to thank the department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology at Wayne State University School of Medicine for giving me an opportunity to conduct my research and be a part of their family. I would like to thank my advisor Dr. Bharati Mitra for taking me into the program and nurturing a biochemist in me. -
Ordered Proteolysis in Anaphase Inactivates Plk1 To
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by PubMed Central JCBArticle Ordered proteolysis in anaphase inactivates Plk1 to contribute to proper mitotic exit in human cells Catherine Lindon and Jonathon Pines Wellcome Trust/Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute and Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QR, England, UK e have found that key mitotic regulators show identified a putative destruction box in Plk1 that is required distinct patterns of degradation during exit from for degradation of Plk1 in anaphase, and have examined W mitosis in human cells. Using a live-cell assay for the effect of nondegradable Plk1 on mitotic exit. Our results proteolysis, we show that two of these regulators, polo-like show that Plk1 proteolysis contributes to the inactivation of kinase 1 (Plk1) and Aurora A, are degraded at different Plk1 in anaphase, and that this is required for the proper times after the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome control of mitotic exit and cytokinesis. Our experiments (APC/C) switches from binding Cdc20 to Cdh1. Therefore, reveal a role for APC/C-mediated proteolysis in exit from events in addition to the switch from Cdc20 to Cdh1 control mitosis in human cells. the proteolysis of APC/CCdh1 substrates in vivo. We have Introduction In animal cells, the regulated proteolysis of cyclin A, cyclin APC/C switches from its Cdc20- to Cdh1-activated form, or B1, and securin during mitosis are all essential for the proper whether they are degraded at distinct times, perhaps to coor- timing of events leading up to separation of sister chromatids dinate exit from mitosis. -
Insulin Action/Molecular Metabolism
INSULIN ACTION—ADIPOCYTECATEGORY BIOLOGY 1692-P 1694-P Stress in Beta Cells Obtained with Laser Capture Microdissection Biopsy-Proven Insulitis of Clinical Islet Transplantation Is Not from Cadaver Pancreases of Brain Dead Donors Reversed by Steroid Therapy AREF EBRAHIMI, MIN-HO JUNG, JONATHAN M. DREYFUSS, HUI PAN, DENNIS ANNA LAM, BEHRUZ RAHIMI, SHARLEEN IMES, KIM SOLEZ, JAMES SHAPIRO, C. SGROI, SUSAN BONNER-WEIR, GORDON C. WEIR, Boston, MA PETER A. SENIOR, Edmonton, AB, Canada Brain death of pancreas donors is thought to lead to the expression of Gradual decline in islet function remains a challenge in clinical islet infl ammatory, stress and apoptotic pathways in isolated islets resulting in transplantation (CIT), but acute graft loss is relatively uncommon. Here we poor clinical outcomes. To test this hypothesis we obtained cadaveric pan- describe a case of acute decline in graft function with histology suggesting creases from brain dead pancreatic donors (n=7, mean age 5011) and normal an immune mechanism. A 49 year old female (BMI 24.4 kg/m2, insulin 0.3 pancreatic tissue obtained at surgery done for pancreatic neoplasms (n=7, U/kg) with type 1 diabetes for 37 years underwent two CIT (6071 and 6827 age 699). Frozen sections were subjected to laser capture microdissection islet equivalents/kg) following alemtuzumab induction with tacrolimus (TAC, to obtain beta-cell rich islet tissue, from which extracted RNA was analyzed mean 8 ug/L) and mycophenolate mofetil for maintenance. Initial engraft- with Affymetrix arrays. Gene expression of the two groups was evaluated ment was reasonable (β2 score of 12 at 1 week), but β2 score gradually with principle component analysis (PCA), and differential expression anal- declined (Figure 1) rising to 19 after the second CIT. -
The Effect of Acid on the Dynamics of Intracellular Zinc and the Marker Expressions Of
The Effect of Acid on the Dynamics of Intracellular Zinc and the Marker Expressions of Pluripotency in Somatic Cells A thesis presented to the faculty of the College of Arts and Sciences of Ohio University In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Master of Science Yuli Hu April 2021 © 2021 Yuli Hu. All Rights Reserved. 2 This thesis titled The Effect of Acid on the Dynamics of Intracellular Zinc and the Marker Expressions of Pluripotency in Somatic Cells by YULI HU has been approved for the Department of Biological Sciences and the College of Arts and Sciences by Yang V. Li Professor of Biomedical Sciences Florenz Plassmann Dean, College of Arts and Sciences 3 Abstract YULI HU, M.S., April 2021, Biological Sciences The Effect of Acid on the Dynamics of Intracellular Zinc and the Marker Expressions of Pluripotency in Somatic Cells Director of Thesis: Yang V. Li Microenvironmental pH is one of the factors that affect the stability of zinc- protein binding. The tight binding between zinc and proteins is favored by the basic pH, whereas acidic pH favors a loose bound, and treatment of strong acid results in the dissociation of zinc. Physiologically, the stomach uses a very acidic pH to digest food which results in a high amount of soluble zinc in the stomach. Whether or not zinc co- present with acid and the effect of zinc on the gastric lining has rarely been discussed. In my experiments, acidic treatment induced the expression of a pluripotent marker in primary cultured gastric cells. It also stimulated the release of intracellular zinc, suggesting that acidic pH supported protein expression through dynamic zinc regulation. -
Pnas11052ackreviewers 5098..5136
Acknowledgment of Reviewers, 2013 The PNAS editors would like to thank all the individuals who dedicated their considerable time and expertise to the journal by serving as reviewers in 2013. Their generous contribution is deeply appreciated. A Harald Ade Takaaki Akaike Heather Allen Ariel Amir Scott Aaronson Karen Adelman Katerina Akassoglou Icarus Allen Ido Amit Stuart Aaronson Zach Adelman Arne Akbar John Allen Angelika Amon Adam Abate Pia Adelroth Erol Akcay Karen Allen Hubert Amrein Abul Abbas David Adelson Mark Akeson Lisa Allen Serge Amselem Tarek Abbas Alan Aderem Anna Akhmanova Nicola Allen Derk Amsen Jonathan Abbatt Neil Adger Shizuo Akira Paul Allen Esther Amstad Shahal Abbo Noam Adir Ramesh Akkina Philip Allen I. Jonathan Amster Patrick Abbot Jess Adkins Klaus Aktories Toby Allen Ronald Amundson Albert Abbott Elizabeth Adkins-Regan Muhammad Alam James Allison Katrin Amunts Geoff Abbott Roee Admon Eric Alani Mead Allison Myron Amusia Larry Abbott Walter Adriani Pietro Alano Isabel Allona Gynheung An Nicholas Abbott Ruedi Aebersold Cedric Alaux Robin Allshire Zhiqiang An Rasha Abdel Rahman Ueli Aebi Maher Alayyoubi Abigail Allwood Ranjit Anand Zalfa Abdel-Malek Martin Aeschlimann Richard Alba Julian Allwood Beau Ances Minori Abe Ruslan Afasizhev Salim Al-Babili Eric Alm David Andelman Kathryn Abel Markus Affolter Salvatore Albani Benjamin Alman John Anderies Asa Abeliovich Dritan Agalliu Silas Alben Steven Almo Gregor Anderluh John Aber David Agard Mark Alber Douglas Almond Bogi Andersen Geoff Abers Aneel Aggarwal Reka Albert Genevieve Almouzni George Andersen Rohan Abeyaratne Anurag Agrawal R. Craig Albertson Noga Alon Gregers Andersen Susan Abmayr Arun Agrawal Roy Alcalay Uri Alon Ken Andersen Ehab Abouheif Paul Agris Antonio Alcami Claudio Alonso Olaf Andersen Soman Abraham H. -
Tyrosine Phosphorylation of Paxillin and Pp125 FAI< Accompanies Cell
Tyrosine Phosphorylation of Paxillin and pp125FAI< Accompanies Cell Adhesion to Extracellular Matrix: A Role in Cytoskeletal Assembly Keith Burridge,* Christopher E. Turner,* and Lewis H. Romerw * Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy and wDepartment of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599; and *Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, State University of New York Health Science Center, Syracuse, New York 13210 Downloaded from http://rupress.org/jcb/article-pdf/119/4/893/1063765/893.pdf by University Of North Carolina Chapel Hill user on 14 July 2021 Abstract. Cells in culture reveal high levels of protein identified one of the proteins of the 115-130-kD clus- tyrosine phosphorylation in their focal adhesions, the ter as pp125 ~, a tyrosine kinase recently localized in regions where cells adhere to the underlying substra- focal adhesions (Schaller, M. D., C. A. Borgman, tum. We have examined the tyrosine phosphorylation B. S. Cobb, R. R. Vines, A. B. Reynolds, and J. T. of proteins in response to plating cells on extracellular Parsons. 1992. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 89:5192). matrix substrata. Rat embryo fibroblasts, mouse Balb/c A second protein that becomes tyrosine phos- 3T3, and NIH 3T3 cells plated on fibronectin-coated phorylated in response to extracellular matrix adhe- surfaces revealed elevated phosphotyrosine levels in a sion is identified as paxillin, a 70-kD protein previ- cluster of proteins between 115 and 130 kD. This in- ously localized to focal adhesions. Treatment of cells crease in tyrosine phosphorylation was also seen when with the tyrosine kinase inhibitor herbimycin A dimin- rat embryo fibroblasts were plated on laminin or vitro- ished the adhesion-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of nectin, but not on polylysine or on uncoated plastic.