Table of Contents
List of Bioastronomy '99 Registrants & Addresses ...... xiii
Preface ...... xxiii
Frank Drake
Intro duction to Bioastronomy
A New Era in the Search for Life in the Universe ...... 7
Guillermo Lemarchand
NASA's Astrobiology Program: An Overview ...... 19
John Rummel, Michael Meyer
Bioastronomy '99 { Meeting Overview ...... 23
Karen Meech
A New Era in Bioastronomy
The Emerging Life Era: A Cosmological Imperative ...... 35
Eric Chaisson
The Sun Was Born Late Because We Are Here ...... 43
Charles Lineweaver
Planet Formation
Formation of Protoplanets from Planetesimals ...... 51
Eiichiro Kokub o, Shigeru Ida
Planetary Formation and the Abundanceof Habitable Planets ...... 57
Jack Lissauer
Rapid Gas Giant Planet Formation ...... 67
Alan Boss
A Survey of Solar Twin Stars within 50 Parsecs of the Sun ...... 73
GustavoPorto de Mello, Ronaldo da Silva, Licio da Silva
Planet Detections from Circumstel lar Dust Disks: Edgeworth-Kuiper Belt
Dust Disk and Eridani ...... 79
Jer-Chyi Liou et al.
Extrasolar Planet Searches
Extrasolar Planets Around Main Sequence Stars ...... 85
Geo rey Marcy et al.
A Giant Planet in an Earth-like Orbit Around the Young Star Horologii
and Limits to Planets Around Proxima Centauri ...... 95
Martin Kurster et al. vii
viii Table of Contents
The Vulcan Photometric Search for Transiting Giant Planets: Some
Initial Results ...... 101
Douglas Caldwell, William Borucki, Jack Lissauer
Properties of Hypothetical Planetary Systems Around the Brown
Dwarf Gliese 229B ...... 107
Silvano Desidera
Have We Discovered Other Planetary Systems? ...... 113
William Heacox
Astrometry, the Next Step ...... 119
Andreas Quirrenbach
The Environments of Nearby Stars as Observedby NICMOS ...... 127
Bradford Smith
Detection of Planets with the Hubble Space Telescope Advanced Camera
for Surveys ...... 131
William Sparks et al.
Target Selection for Planet Searches ...... 137
David Latham
Terrestrial Planet Finder ...... 143
Neville Wo olf
The 22 GHz Water Maser Line: A New Diagnostic Tool for Extrasolar
Planet Search ...... 151
Cristiano Cosmovici et al.
From CM Draconis to the Crowded Field BW3: Aspects of the Search for
Extrasolar Planets Around Smal l Eclipsing Binaries ...... 159
Laurance Doyle et al.
Darwin { The InfraRed Space Interferometer and the Search for Life on
Other Worlds ...... 167
Malcolm Fridlund
Detection of Extra-Solar Planets by Computational Convexity ...... 173
Antonio de Morais
Direct Observation of Extrasolar Planetary Spectra ...... 177
Ra jendra VikramSingh
From Interstellar Matter to Comets and Small Solar System Bo dies
Extrasolar Planetary Complex Biosphere Organization as Exempli ed by
Earth-Type Forest Ecosystems ...... 183
Martin Heath, Darren Williams, Laurence Doyle
ALaboratory Analog for the Carbonaceous Material in the Interstel lar
Medium ...... 187
Alan Tokunaga, SetsukoWada
Organic Carbon in Interplanetary Dust Particles ...... 191
George Flynn et al.
Synthesis of Large Molecules in Cometary IceAnalogs: Physical Properties
Related to Self-Assembly Processes ...... 195
Jason Dworkin et al.
Formation of Prebiotic Molecules in Interstel lar and Cometary Ices ...... 197
Max Bernstein et al.
Cometary Origin and Evolution ...... 207
Karen Meech
Table of Contents ix
From the Interstel lar Medium to Planetary Atmospheres via Comets ..... 217
Tobias Owen, Akiva Bar-Nun
Conditions for the Production of Liquid Water in Comet Nuclei ...... 231
Morris Po dolak, Dina Prialnik
Deep Impact { Exploring the Interior of a Comet ...... 235
Karen Meech et al.
Ful lerenes, Noble Gases and the Flux of Extraterrestrial Debris to
the Surface of Earth over Geologic Time ...... 243
Luann Becker, Rob ert Poreda, Ted Bunch
Planetary Surfaces of Low Albedo: Organic Material Throughout the Solar
System ...... 253
Dale Cruikshank, Bishun Khare
The Early Micrometeorites Accretion Scenario and the Origin of Earth's
Hydrosphere ...... 263
Michel Maurette et al.
Organic Matter and the Origin of Life in the Solar System ...... 285
John Or o
Evolution of Advanced Life
A Short, Critical Evaluation of Proposed Signs of Ancient Martian Life in
Antarctic Meteorite ALH 84001 ...... 303
Allan Treiman
Ferrate IV as a Possible Oxidant on the Martian Surface ...... 315
Alexandre Tsapin et al.
Copper-Adenine Complex Catalyst for O Production from Peroxydes on
2
Martian Soil ...... 319
Jacques Vergne et al.
Some Bioastronomical Aspects of the Giant Planets and Titan ...... 325
Francois Raulin et al.
Dinitrogen as a Possible Biomarker for Exobiology: The Case of Titan ... 333
Michael Simakov
Origin of Life: ISSOL '99 Overview ...... 339
Francois Raulin, Andr e Brack
Viability and Detectability of Photosynthesis on Earth-like Planets Orbiting
Main-Sequence Stars ...... 343
Ramon Wolstencroft, John Raven
Circular Polarization and the Origin of Biomolecular Homochirality ...... 349
Jeremy Bailey
High Circular Polarization in the Star Forming Region NGC 6334:
Implications for Biomolecular Homochirality ...... 355
Francois M enard et al.
Astronomical Sources of Circular Polarization in Visible Light and
the Implications for the Origin of Chirality ...... 359
Ramon Wolstencroft et al.
Searching for Traces of Martian Life Using Holography ...... 365
Leonid Ksanfomality, Igor Kompanets
Extinct Life on Mars: Looking for Traces of Viruses Instead of Bacteria . 369
Leonid Ksanfomality
x Table of Contents
Prebiotic Evolution of Amphiphilic Assemblies Far from Equilibrium: from
Compositional Information to Sequence-Based Biopolymers ...... 373
Daniel Segr e, Dafna Ben-Eli, Doron Lancet
Extremophilies as Models for Extraterrestrial Life ...... 379
Joseph Seckbach
Application of Computer Tomography CT for Search of Life in Extreme
Environments ...... 387
Alexandre Tsapin et al.
Microbial and Chemical Characterization of Geothermal Ground Water at
Three Sites in the Desert Southweast of North America ...... 391
Dirk Schulze-Makuch, John Kennedy
The Signi cance of Light-Independent Ecosystems in the Search for Life
Outside Earth ...... 397
Francesco Santini, Lo dovico Galleni
Testing the Drake Equation in the Solar System ...... 403
Julian Chela-Flores
A Plurality of Worlds, a Plurality of Bodyplans? ...... 411
Simon Conway Morris
Monophyletic Origin of the Metazoan Nervous System: Characterizing
the Transition from L to I ...... 421
Russell Watkins, Andrew Beckenbach
Biospheric Cooling and the Emergence of Intel ligence ...... 425
David Schwartzman, George Middendorf
Turning the Empirical Corner on F : The Probability of Complex
i
Intel ligence ...... 431
Lori Marino
Average Lifetime of an Intel ligent Civilization Estimated on its Global
Cycle ...... 437
Vladimir Kompanichenko
SETI and the Galactic Belt of Intel ligent Life ...... 441
B ela Bal azs
Five Strategies for Detecting Intel ligence ...... 445
Allen Tough
Searching for Extraterrestrial Life
Project Phoenix and Beyond ...... 451
Kent Cullers
Strategies, Implementation and Results of BETA ...... 459
Darren Leigh, Paul Horowitz
Progress in the Search for Ultra-Narrow Band Extraterrestrial Arti cial
Signals from Argentina ...... 467
Guillermo Lemarchand
Search for Arti cial Signals from Nearby Stars Using the Berkeley
SERENDIP III Data Set ...... 473
Stuart Bowyer et al.
The Serendip IV Arecibo Sky Survey ...... 479
Dan Werthimer et al.
SERENDIP IV: Data Acquisition, Reduction, and Analysis ...... 485
Je Cobb et al.
Table of Contents xi
The Southern SERENDIP Project ...... 491
Frank Sto otman et al.
New Developments in the Southern SERENDIP Project ...... 497
Ain De Horta et al.
SETItalia ...... 501
Stelio Montebugnoli et al.
S.A.L.V.E. Software Aimedat o Line Veri cation Eti ...... 505
Jader Monari et al.
SETI@home: Internet Distributed Computing for SETI ...... 511
David Anderson et al.
Generalized SETI in a Virtual Observatory ...... 519
Stanislav Djorgovski
The FAST Project in China ...... 523
Rendong Nan et al.
ARole for Neural Networks in the Search for Extraterrestrial Intel ligence 529
Douglas Taylor et al.
The One Hectare Telescope for SETI ...... 537
John Dreher
Search Strategy for Detection of SETI Short Pulse Laser Signals ...... 541
Monte Ross
Optical SETI at Harvard-Smithsonian ...... 545
Andrew Howard et al.
Australian Optical SETI Project ...... 553
Ragbir Bhathal
The Design of a Dedicated Observatory for Optical SETI ...... 559
Monte Ross
Optical SETI: The Next Search Frontier ...... 565
Michael Lampton
Recent Progress in Bioastronomy Space Missions ...... 573
Claudio Maccone
ASearch for Dyson Spheres Around Late-type Stars in the Solar
Neighborhood. III ...... 581
Jun Jugaku, Shiro Nishimura
Transmission Protocol for an EPR System at Polarization States: EPR
Mixtures for Long-Range Communications in SETI ...... 585
Fabrizio Tamburini, Sergio Ortolani, Antonio Bianchini
Scienti c and Cultural Status of Life Detection
The Habitability of the Moon ...... 593
Tib or Herczeg
A Methodological Approach to Communication with Extraterrestrials ..... 603
Valeria Ascheri
The Convergence of Intel ligences ...... 609
Joachim Diederich
Information Theory as a Comparative Measure of Animal Communication
Complexity ...... 613
Sean Hanser, Brenda McCowan, Laurance Doyle
Symbol Systems and Pictorial Representations ...... 619
Joachim Diederich, Susan Wright
xii Table of Contents
Three-Dimensional Messages for Interstel lar Communication ...... 623
Douglas Vakoch
Standards of Proof for the Detection of Extra-Terrestrial Intel ligence ..... 629
Paul Shuch
Immediate Reaction Plan: A Strategy for Dealing with a SETI Detection . 635
Seth Shostak, Carol Oliver
SETI, Consilience and the Unity of Know ledge ...... 641
Ben Finney
Cultural Aspects of Astrobiology: APreliminary Reconnaissance at the Turn
of the Mil lennium ...... 649
Steven Dick
Philosophical Aspects of Astrobiology ...... 661
Bruce Jakosky
Summary of Results of the Seminar on the Cultural Impact of
Extraterrestrial Contact ...... 667
John Billingham
Bioastronomy Education
A Paci c Teacher Enhancement Program { Toward Other Planetary
Systems ...... 679
Karen Meech et al.
Astrobiology Education and Outreach: New Interdisciplinary Initiatives with
Undergraduate GE and an \Astrobiology Society" ...... 685
Greg Schultz
Voyages Through Time: Everything Evolves ...... 689
Jill Tarter et al.
A Class in Bioastronomy ...... 695
Sabine Airieau
\The Mars Room": A Campus-Wide Bioastronomy Project ...... 699
David Theison
Science Education Using SETI as a Context for the NSW Stage 4 and 5
Science Syl labus ...... 703
Les Vozzo et al.
Author Index ...... 707
Photo Credits { unless otherwise noted, all photos are by K. J. Meech. The
cover artwork is provided by Jon Lomb erg, all rights reserved.