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Sedimentology at the Crossroad of New Frontiers

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Sedimentology at the Crossroad of New Frontiers Illustration of the cover photo The Photo shows the latest marine strata of Tingri area in the Tethys Himalayas of southern Tibet. The latest marine strata consist of greenish gray siliciclastic rocks (Enba Formation) and overlying red shales (Zhaguo Formation). The strata were dated by nannofossils and foraminifera as late early Lutetian to late Priabonian age (NP15–NP20, deposited ~ 47–34 Ma) (Wang et al., 2002). Detrital zircon U-Pb dating revealed that clastics sourced from Lhasa terrane and indicated that the Tethyan ocean was closed and the India had collided with the Asia before the depositional ages of the Enba-Zhaguo formations (Najman et al., 2010; Hu et al., 2012). The overlain is the Zongpu Fm. of Palaeocene-Early Eocene, which is composed mainly of thick bedded and nodular limestones deposited in a carbonate ramp of passive margin of Indian continent. Photo is provided by Prof. Xiumian Hu. Hu, X. M., Sinclair, H. D., Wang, J. G., Jiang, H. H., Wu, F. Y., 2012. Late Cretaceous-Palaeogene stratigraphic and basin evolution in the Zhepure Mountain of southern Tibet: implications for the timing of India-Asia initial collision. Basin Research 24, 520-543. Najman, Y., Appel, E., Boudagher-Fadel, M., Bown, P., Carter, A., Garzanti, E., Godin, L., Han, J., Liebke, U., Oliver, G., Parrish, R., Vezzoli, G., 2010. Timing of India-Asia collision: geological, biostratigraphic, and palaeomagnetic constraints. J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth 115 (B12), B12416. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010JB007673. Wang C.S., Li, X. H., Hu, X. M., Jansa, L. F., 2002. Latest marine horizon north of Qomolangma (Mt Everest): implications for closure of Tethys seaway and collision tectonics. Terra Nova 14, 114-120. Citation: Wang, C. S., Immenhauser, A., Ogg, J., Mckenzie, J., de Boer, P., Hu, X. M., Chen, Z. Q., Liu, Z. F., Li, C., Shen, Y-A., Chen, X., eds. 2020. A roadmap of sedimentology in China until 2030: Sedimentology at the crossroad of new frontiers. 87 pp. https://sedimentologists.org/#sed-in-china. WRITING COMMITTEE CO-CHAIRS (In alphabetical order by last name) Poppe de Boer Adrian Immenhauser Judith McKenzie Chengshan Wang DOCUMENT CONTRIBUTORS AND REVIEWERS (In alphabetical order by last name) Xi Chen Zhong-Qiang Chen Poppe de Boer Youfeng Gao Yuan Gao Zhong Han Jun Hu Xiumian Hu Adrian Immenhauser Wen Lai Chao Li Chao Li (Nanjing University) (China University of Geosciences, Wuhan) Juan Li Zhifei Liu Genming Luo Timothy W. Lyons Pengfei Ma Judith McKenzie James Ogg Cheng Quan Yanan Shen Chengshan Wang Pujun Wang Tiantian Wang Shucheng Xie Shouye Yang Laiming Zhang Shihong Zhang Yulong Zhao Chuanming Zhou ORGANIZING COMMITTEE (In alphabetical order by last name) Xi Chen ▪ Changsong Lin ▪ Xuelian You WORKSHOP COMMITTEE (In alphabetical order by last name) Poppe de Boer ▪ Adrian Immenhauser ▪ Judith McKenzie ▪ Chengshan Wang ▪ Hongfu Yin WORKSHOP PARTICIPANTS (In alphabetical order by last name) Marcos Aurell Cardona Matthieu Cartigny Daizhao Chen Hongde Chen Xi Chen Poppe de Boer Zhong-Qiang Chen Shu Gao Yuan Gao Songzhu Gu Ping Guan Peter Homewood Mingcai Hou Jianfang Hu Adrian Immenhauser Xiumian Hu Tao Jiang Zaixing Jiang Zhenkui Jin Chao Li Shunli Li Yiqun Liu Ping Luo Timothy W. Lyons Judith McKenzie Nigel Mountney James Ogg Jianye Ren Robert Riding Longyi Shao Chengshan Wang Jian Wang Pujun Wang Tiantian Wang Shucheng Xie Xinong Xie Jianghai Yang Changmin Zhang Laiming Zhang Chuanming Zhou Rukai Zhu Jiaxin Yan Xiaomin Zhu Caineng Zou Contents Background and Rationale............................................................................................................................................1 References................................................................................................................................................................................3 Chapter 1. Earth’s environments during greenhouse episodes of the Mesozoic-Paleogene: paleoclimate modes and drivers................................................................................................................................. 4 1. Overview...............................................................................................................................................................................4 1.1.The importance of deep-time greenhouse climate research for our future.......................................................................4 1.2. Rich terrestrial records for deciphering and modelling paleoclimate in China .............................................................5 1.3. Advances in technology and methods allow the reconstruction of deep-time terrestrial climate and paleogeography..............................................................................................................................................................6 1.4. Main research goals........................................................................................................................................................7 2. Research frontiers..................................................................................................................................................................8 2.1. Quantitative reconstructions of terrestrial paleoclimate parameters...............................................................................8 2.2. Rapid short-term climate events and the carbon cycle...................................................................................................9 2.3. Short-term sea-level change and the hydrological cycle...............................................................................................10 2.4. Reconstructing continental paleo-drainage...................................................................................................................10 2.5. Reconstruction of paleo-elevation................................................................................................................................11 2.6. Global wind patterns, monsoons, and the hydrological cycle.......................................................................................11 3. Requirements for making progress......................................................................................................................................12 4. China's opportunity and future strategy...............................................................................................................................12 References..............................................................................................................................................................................13 Chapter 2. Sedimentation, biological and geochemical processes over major Microbe-Metazoan Transitions (MMTs) in the geologic past...............................................................................................................16 1. Overview.............................................................................................................................................................................16 2.Examples of research frontiers ............................................................................................................................................18 2.1.Microbe-Metazoan Transitions from the Ediacaran to Cenozoic ..................................................................................18 2.2.Geochemical signatures of major biotic and environmental extremes during the Phanerozoic ....................................26 3.Requirements for making progress ......................................................................................................................................28 4.China’s opportunity and future strategy ...............................................................................................................................28 References..............................................................................................................................................................................29 Chapter 3. Source-to-sink systems: from orogenic belts to marginal sea basins...................................33 1.Introduction .........................................................................................................................................................................33 2.Research questions and challenges ......................................................................................................................................35 3.Requirements for making progress ......................................................................................................................................36 4.China’s opportunity and future strategy ...............................................................................................................................36 4.1Uplift history of the Tibetan Plateau ..............................................................................................................................36 4.2Evolution of large rivers: Yangtze River and Yellow River ............................................................................................38 4.3Depositional system in the South China Sea ..................................................................................................................32 References...............................................................................................................................................................................42
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