1 Tebay Methodist Church CA10 3XB 2 St James’ Church, Tebay CA10 3UY 3 Ravenstonedale CA17 4NQ John Wesley, founder of the With the coming of the railway at Ravenstonedale has a rich heritage Methodists visited nearby Tebay, the Church of England in its three places of worship. It is Roundthwaite as early as 1764 deemed it necessary to create a home to a branch of the only English so establishing Methodism in this separate parish church from the monastic orders created by an area. When a junction on the one at Orton and erected a church Englishman: the Gilbertines. See Lancaster to Carlisle railway was and vicarage for the growing inside St Oswald’s Church, to glimpse built in 1861 for a line from population of railway workers in its rich history. The Methodist Tebay to Barnard Castle over 1880. C J Ferguson, a Carlisle- Chapel, (pictured, not open every day), known as Low Chapel due to its Stainmore, the village of Tebay developed. The first Methodist based architect designed the building and incorporated features of contemporary railway position on the hilly main street, was built in 1839. High Chapel is further up Chapel at Tebay was opened in 1865 to cater for the increase in the hill and was home to the Congregationalists (later the United Reformed members created by the arrival of the railway workers. The present architecture in its interior including yellow and red railway bricks and pews which echo railway benches. Its interior is a surprising contrast Church). High Chapel is older than the (rebuilt) Parish Church but is no Chapel dates from 1885. In 1909 a pipe organ with nearly 600 pipes longer a place of worship. It is now owned by the Parish Council and is was installed, built by Messrs Nelson & Co, Durham which was to its solid Shap granite exterior. The distinctive ‘railway’ church of St James’s now hosts a fascinating exhibition of Tebay’s history. becoming a Community and Heritage Centre. The nearby station in declared to be the best of its size in the north of England, and it still Newbiggin on Lune was later called Ravenstonedale station to prevent remains in use today. Grade II Listed confusion with the other Newbiggins in Cumbria. Grade II Listed

4 Crosby Garrett United Chapel CA17 4PW From around 1810 5 Hawes Junction Chapel, Garsdale Head Methodist services LA10 5PT were first held in Mount Zion Chapel House in Chapel was Crosby Garrett opened in 1876, which was the same year that occupied by three passenger traffic local families – began on the Close, Barker and Nicholson. The much needed nearby Settle to larger chapel was built in 1882 costing £310. Carlisle railway, Methodist churches were usually built on the edge of and served a local community of railway employees town, but Crosby Garret chapel is situated in the and farmers. The chapel is strategically placed at a middle of the village, with St Andrew’s Parish Church confluence of dales. Occasional services are still held. at one end and the Carlisle to Settle railway line With its railway connections and historic interest it running over the viaduct at the other. The chapel remains one of the most beautiful and best decorated became a United Chapel when the Baptist Chapel of all wayside chapels. closed in 1992.

6 Garsdale Street Chapel LA10 5PQ 7 Low Smithy Chapel, Garsdale Built in 1841 LA10 5PF probably by two This chapel was stonemason founded by the brothers, the small ‘Apostle of the site for the chapel Dales’, Jonathan required a simple Kershaw, an layout. The itinerant tea-seller, interior remains and his wife Mary. basically unchanged, with painted box-like tiered The entrance to seats to help eye-contact between preacher and the chapel, which holds a plaque in their memory, is congregation! The original bench known as the through the small cottage where they lived and died. ‘penitent form’ where public confessions were made They are buried on the north side of the chapel. still stands below the pulpit. Apart from minor changes to lighting and heating it remains a good Grade II Listed example of a period Primitive Methodist chapel. Grade II Listed

8 Cautley Chapel, Sedbergh LA10 5LY 9 Sedbergh LA10 5AB In rural areas Methodist chapels Sedbergh is a thriving and tend to be small vibrant small and plain mainly market town. because of difficulty A former branch in obtaining land for line ran into building, and due to Sedbergh and the limited finance. station is still used This is why Methodist Chapels seldom have by a local coal graveyards. However in the western dales the often merchants. There are a number of churches to remote locations and availability of land made visit in the centre including St Andrew’s parish graveyards desirable and possible. Cautley Wesleyan church used by both Anglican and Catholic Chapel roadside site cost just £10 6s 8d and the congregations, the United Reformed Church graveyard has been extended on at least 3 occasions. (pictured) and the Methodist Church. Built in 1845 it was opened 2 years before St Mark’s, the Anglican Church in Cautley. The interior of the building is small yet spacious, with painted tiered seats. Grade II Listed

10 Dentdale Chapel LA10 5QA 11 Brigflatts Quaker Meeting House LA10 5HN 12 St Gregory’s, Vale of Lune LA10 5ED Originally built as a meeting The Quaker Meeting House at Brigflatts is This Anglican chapel was built around 1860/1 by house by the Society of the oldest in northern England. the Upton family, when the London and North Friends in 1701, Constructed in 1675, the building is Western Railway was building its Ingleton it was bought by Wesleyans considered as one of England’s vernacular branch, and a Baptist Scripture Reader, Thomas in 1834 for £20. Since then it gems. George Fox (1624 - 1691), was the Foyers was sent to preach to the navvies. He has been in continuous use founder of the Quaker movement or was followed by an Anglican, the Rev Perkins, by Methodists, more recently Society of Friends. At the great Hiring Fair who was licensed by the bishop but who was becoming ‘Dentdale’ when in 1652, Fox preached in the churchyard sacked by Mrs Upton-Cottrell-Dormer for Deepdale and Dent united. of Sedbergh Parish Church and again at being drunk. The chapel was built with a cottage The main chapel has been renovated, re-floored and re-roofed nearby Firbank Fell, now known as Fox’s Pulpit. He subsequently organised a school attached and is a plain building perhaps and the interior made more user-friendly with chairs replacing permanent Quaker meeting at Brigflatts. The land for the Meeting House was designed by a railway engineer; but inside a most of the original pews. The Burial Laws Act 1857 dictating purchased for ten shillings (50p) and the building constructed by the Quaker delightful and colourful series of stained glass that burials in public cemeteries could be performed only by friends in the plain and undecorated style of local farmhouses of that period. windows by Frederick George Smith depict river scenes, trees and Anglican clergy with Anglican rites was amended in 1880. The oak outer door, which still survives in place today, was added in 1706. Chapel graveyards meant that even before the Act was plants, as well as birds and animals found locally. These were installed in The Burial Ground nearby (very near Brigflatts Meeting House), is still in use about 1900 when the church was refurbished. In 1918 Mr Upton made repealed burials could be performed by Methodists with and contains the remains of over 700 worshippers, including the poet Basil Methodist rites. the building over to the Church Commissioners and it was consecrated Bunting, one of whose poems is entitled ‘Briggflatts’. Parking is very limited. by the Bishop of Ripon and dedicated to St Gregory. Grade II Listed Visitors are asked to park on the layby on the A683 opposite to the short, and narrow, lane signposted to Brigflatts. Grade I Listed No longer in use for public worship Grade II Listed

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Mission to the ‘navvies’ tunnels and cuttings typically had 3 rooms: one for the the Church believed them to be a disruptive force, workman and family, one for lodgers providing income posing a sexual and racial threat to the nation. Local Over 6,000 ‘navvies’ laboured in some of the worst and one for cooking. The camps became complete and national Missions to navvies had developed from weather England can offer to construct the Settle to townships featuring post offices and schools. The the 1840s. During the construction of the Settle to Carlisle line. Built 1870-1876, it was one of the most remains of one such camp, Batty Green, can be seen Carlisle railway the Midland Railway Company difficult railways to construct in the UK. Its 73 miles near Ribblehead. provided a wooden structure for use as a school, include 20 viaducts and 14 tunnels cut by hand Conditions were reading room and chapel at Hawes Junction, and in through steep, often boggy, isolated and exposed unsanitary and 1870 sponsored a mission hut at Dent Head. The countryside. overcrowded, company helped pay for scripture readers to preach The navvies arrived with a reputation for lawlessness the 1871 census against drunken violence and church leaders began to from the earliest days of canal and railway construction lists 15 residents build churches and chapels in the path of the railways. and the national newspapers decried their ‘moral including 9 railway Local clergy took the lead, firstly non-conformists and degradation’. They were doubly disliked because many workers in one then Anglicans. Missions gave women, particularly people opposed the railways believing they despoiled vicars’ wives and daughters, some independence and a Tebay shed: train heading north hut. Shift working the countryside. Local police forces increased their on the viaducts chance to fulfill strength in the towns along the railway line in order to resulted in “hot bedding”. A community of around their Christian deal with the 1,000 railway workers and family members lived in the duty. anticipated Ribblehead-Blea Moor area around that time. The By the 1880s, difficulties. Sedbergh Medical Officer of Health reported that attitudes to Tramping from intestinal and lung diseases were common due to the navvies had job to job, navvies lack of drains and sewers. The Parish registers at changed. People and their families Chapel-le-Dale which recorded just 2 burials a year Workmen on platform at Tebay Station finally recognised lived and worked before 1870 show a rise to over 50 annually during that their Workmen in north eastern goods yard in appalling the following 6 years. Some workers and their families immorality was not inherent but a result of their Tebay conditions, often were killed or injured by explosions such as in 1874 difficult conditions, their susceptibility to disease was for years on end. The huge shanty towns built for the when a mother and child were crushed by a caused by poor living conditions and their drinking Midland Railway to house the navvies and their families locomotive in the construction work. encouraged by their employers who paid them in the afforded little shelter against the elements. The Christian Church was concerned for the moral pubs! Navvies were now seen as the heroic builders The rough timber and turf huts alongside the bridges, and spiritual well-being of the lawless navvies. Initially of England.