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Embodiment of the Urban. Relational Space in the Context of the Megacity of Guangzhou, China

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! Embodiment of the urban. Relational space in the context of the megacity of Guangzhou, China Vorgelegt von Dipl.-Ing. Josefine Ørum Fokdal Fakultät VI - Planen Bauen Umwelt der Technischen Universität Berlin zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades Doktor der Ingenieurwissenschaften Dr.-Ing. genehmigte Dissertation Promotionsausschuss: Vorsitzende: Prof. Dr. Angela Uttke Berichter: Prof. Dr. Peter Herrle Berichter: Prof. Dr. Arijit Sen Tag der wissenschaftlichen Aussprache: 15. Mai 2014 Berlin 2104 D 83 ! i Acknowledgments My thanks goes to both of my supervisors Prof. Peter HERRLE and Prof. Arijit SEN for their support, guidance and supervision of my Ph.D.; my thanks also goes to Prof. CAI Yongjie for inspiring discussions as well as to Prof. Detlev IPSEN for his stubbornness, which led to many revealing discussions. In addition, I want to thank all my colleagues at the Habitat Unit, especially Dr. Astrid LEY for her support throughout the process. Furthermore, I owe a great thanks to the people who helped translate and transcribe, especially CHAO Yi, for helping me gain access to the families and to CHENG ZiYing for her research and translations of Chinese literature, as well as to Sam SOLOMAN and Jessica WEISS for proofreading, LIN Xiaoli for her research and Isabelle ARNOLD for fruitful discussions. A great thanks also goes to all the interviewees for taking part in the research and especially to the families for inviting me to their homes and letting me stay with them. I am thankful to the DAAD for financially supporting my field stays in Guangzhou and for allowing fruitful discussion with other scholars through academic exchanges. Further, I am thankful for the Scholarship Promotionsabschluss Stipendium (PAS) awarded by Berlin University of Technology, without which I would not have been able to finish this work. Most thanks I owe my family and friends for their endless support! ! ii List of abbreviations APC Agriculture Producer Cooperative APRS Agriculture Producer Responsibility System BRT Bus Rapid Transport CBD Central Business District CCCP Central Committee of the Communist Party CPC The Communist Party of China GDP Gross Domestic Product GFA Gross Floor Area GLA Gross Leasable Area HPF Housing Provident Fund HFM Housing Fund Management HSS Housing Subsidy Scheme KMT Kuomintang KTV Karaoke Television MLR Ministry of Land and Resources MoHURD Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development NPC National People’s Congress PRC People’s Republic of China PRD Pearl River Delta RHSSR Rent Houses Streering System Reform RMB Renminbi SEZ Special Economic Zone UN United Nations WTO World Trade Organization ! iii List of figures FIGURE 1: OVERVIEW OF THE WORK FIGURE 2: OVERVIEW OF THE DISCOURSES AND THEIR INTERRELATION !""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""!#! FIGURE 3: DIFFERENT TYPES OF PLACES WITHIN THE CHINESE CONTEXT.. !"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""!$%! FIGURE 4: OVERVIEW OF THE DISCOURSE AND THE SUGGESTED PARAMETERS FOR THE CHINESE CONTEXT !""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""!$&! FIGURE 5: FROM THE DISCOURSES TO A FRAMEWORK FOR ANALYZING THE EMBODIMENT OF THE URBAN AND THUS !""""""""""""!'(! SOCIAL SPACE IN THE CONTEXT OF CHINA. FIGURE 6: A) CLASSICAL CITY LAYOUT ACCORDING TO THE HIERARCHY BETWEEN HEAVEN AND EARTH. B) !""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""!#$! SIMPLIFIED MAP OF CHANG’AN, CAPITAL OF TANG DYNASTY.. FIGURE 7: PEARL RIVER DELTA AND THE BUILT-UP AREA IN 2000. !"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""!)$! FIGURE 8: PEARL RIVER DELTA AND THE BUILT-UP AREA IN 2007. !"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""!&%! FIGURE 9: A) LOCATION OF GUANGDONG PROVINCE IN CHINA. B) LOCATION OF GUANGZHOU CITY IN !"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""!&*! GUANGDONG PROVINCE. C) GUANZHOU CITY AND ITS DISTRICTS.. FIGURE 10: ILLUSTRATION OF THE DIFFERENT ADMINISTRATIVE LEVELS (LEFT) AND OF PLANNING BUREAUS !""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""!&(! (RIGHT) ON DIFFERENT LEVELS FIGURE 11: SOCIO-SPATIAL ORDER WITHIN THE HOUSEHOLD LEVEL AS DESCRIBED IN ‘THE STORY OF THE STONE’ !""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""!%+$! FIGURE 12: IMAGES OF HAKKA BUILDINGS – FUJIAN PROVINCE: A) ENSEMBLE OF HAKKA BUILDINGS, B) INNER !""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""!%+)! COURTYARD WITH ANCESTRAL HALL, C) ‘COURTYARD’ BETWEEN THE KITCHENS AND THE PIG STYS. GROUND FLOOR OF HAKKA BUILDING.. FIGURE 13: HOUSING TRENDS IN PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA. !"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""!%+)! FIGURE 14: FLOOR SPACE OF BUILDINGS IN URBAN DISTRICTS IN GUANGZHOU.. !""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""!%%$! FIGURE 15: INVESTMENT IN BUILDINGS/RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS IN GENERAL IN GUANGZHOU AND IN URBAN !""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""!%%,! DISTRICTS IN GUANGZHOU. FIGURE 16: LOCATION OF THE THREE HOUSING TYPES SURVEYED.. !"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""!%%'! FIGURE 17: GUANGZHOU CUSTOM, FORMER DANWEI AS SURVEYED. !""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""!%%(! FIGURE 18: A) VIEW DOWN ON THE GREEN AREA WITHIN THE FORMER DANWEI AREA. B) THE ENTRANCE GATE OF !""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""!%%&! THE FORMER DANWEI AS SURVEYED. FIGURE 19: GATED COMMUNITY ‘BAO LI GARDEN’ AS SURVEYED. !""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""!%*+! FIGURE 20: A) VIEW OVER ‘BAO LI GARDEN’ TOWARDS THE RIVER. B) PART OF THE GREEN AREA BETWEEN THE !"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""!%*%! BUILDINGS.. FIGURE 21: A) TYPICAL HOUSING SITUATION IN THE ‘URBAN VILLAGE’ CHEN TIAN. B) NARROW ALLEY BETWEEN !""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""!%**! THE RESIDENTITAL BUILDINGS. FIGURE 22: ‘URBAN VILLAGE’ AS SURVEYED. !""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""!%*,! FIGURE 23: DIAGRAMS OF SIMPLIFIED SPATIAL LAYOUT OF GATED COMMUNITIES (I.E. RESIDENTIAL AREAS), !""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""!%*,! FORMER DANWEIS AND ‘URBAN VILLAGES’. FIGURE 24: TYPICAL PATTERNS OF MENTAL MAPS. !""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""!%*'! FIGURE 25: MENTAL MAP DRAWN BY AN INTERVIEWEE LIVING IN A FORMER DANWEI. !"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""!%*&! !""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""!%$%! ! iv FIGURE 26: (A) VIEW ACROSS THE STREET SEPARATING TWO GATED AREAS WITHIN THE SAME FORMER DANWEI. (B) THE GARDEN WITHIN THE GUARDED AREA IN WHICH THE INTERVIEWEE LIVES. (C) THE ACTUAL GUARD AND GATE TO ENTER THE LIVING AREA FROM THE STREET. FIGURE 27: MENTAL MAP DRAWN BY ONE OF THE INTERVIEWEES LIVING IN THE GATED COMMUNITY ‘BAO LI !"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""!%$*! GARDEN’ IN HAIZHU DISTRICT. FIGURE 28: (A) SHOWS THE DISTANCE BETWEEN THE BUILDING AND THE GATE DIVIDING THE INSIDE OF THE AREA !""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""!%$'! FROM THE STREET. (B) ILLUSTRATES THE ENTRANCE TO ONE OF THE BUILDINGS IN THE GATED COMMUNITY. (C) THE DOOR BETWEEN THE HALLWAY AND THE ENTRANCE DOOR TO THE ACTUAL APARTMENT. FIGURE 29: MENTAL MAP OF INTERVIEWEE IN THE ‘URBAN VILLAGE’ OF CHEN TIAN IN BAIYUN DISTRICT, !""""""""""""""!%$#! GUANGZHOU. FIGURE 30: MENTAL MAP OF INTERVIEWEE IN THE ‘URBAN VILLAGE’ OF CHEN TIAN IN BAIYUN DISTRICT, !"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""!%$&! GUANGZHOU. FIGURE 31: COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT ZONES IN RELATION TO THE SPATIAL QUALITIES AND THE BOUNDARIES. A) !"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""!%,+! THE TYPICAL ZONES WITHIN A GATED COMMUNITY AS SURVED. B) THE SOCIO-SPATIAL ORDERING PRINCIPLES C) THE RELEVANT SPATIAL DEFINITIONS FIGURE 32: DIFFERENT THICKNESS OF THE BOUNDARIES IN RELATION TO THE ZONES. SOURCE: OWN DESIGN. !""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""!%,$!
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    Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing Limited and The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited take no responsibility for the contents of this announcement, make no representation as to its accuracy or completeness and expressly disclaim any liability whatsoever for any loss howsoever arising from or in reliance upon the whole or any part of the contents of this announcement. BaWang International (Group) Holding Limited 霸王國際（集團）控股有限公司* (Incorporated in the Cayman Islands with limited liability) (Stock Code: 01338) DISCLOSEABLE AND CONNECTED TRANSACTION 2021 LEASE AGREEMENT Discloseable and Connected Transaction - 2021 Lease Agreement On 23 April 2021, Bawang Guangzhou and Guangzhou Bawang entered into the 2021 Lease Agreement for the Group’s production facilities, office premises and staff dormitory in the same premises for a fixed term of five years commencing from 1 July 2021 to 30 June 2026 (both days inclusive). As at the date of this announcement, Guangzhou Bawang is beneficially owned as to 20% by Mr. Chen Zheng He, the Chief Executive Officer and an executive Director, and 80% by his six brothers and sisters with Mr. Chen Zheng He as the trustee. Guangzhou Bawang is therefore an associate of Mr. Chen Zheng He and a connected person of the Company pursuant to Rule 14A.12 of the Listing Rules, and the 2021 Lease Agreement and the transactions contemplated thereunder constitute a discloseable and connected transaction of the Company under the Listing Rules. Pursuant to IFRS 16 (Leases), the premises to be leased under the 2021 Lease Agreement will be recognised by the Group as a right-of-use asset with a book value of approximately RMB59,074,000 as at 23 April 2021, and the transaction contemplated under the 2021 Lease Agreement will be regarded as an acquisition of a right-of-use asset by the Group pursuant to the Listing Rules and constitute a discloseable transaction of the Company under Chapter 14 of the Listing Rules.
  • Exhibitors Manual of International Pavilion(The 122Nd Session)

    Exhibitors Manual of International Pavilion(The 122Nd Session)

    PREFACE Welcome to the 126th session of China Import and Export Fair (hereinafter referred to as the Canton Fair). Since its 101st session in April 2007, the Canton Fair has established an International Pavilion specially tailored for overseas exhibitors. The International Pavilion of Canton Fair will be held in two phases, i.e. Phase 1 and Phase 3 in the 126th session as per exhibit categories. Phase 1 will be held in Hall 9.3 in Area B and Hall 5.2 in Area A of the Canton Fair Complex respectively from Oct. 15-19, 2019, with a total exhibition area of 13,000 square meters. Exhibits will be displayed as per exhibit classification in 3 sub-sections which include Electronics and Electrical Household Appliance, Building Material and Hardware, Machinery Equipment. Phase 3 will be held in Hall 11.2 in Area B and Hall 15.1 in Area C of the Canton Fair Complex from Oct. 31- Nov. 4, 2019, with a total exhibition area of 7,000 square meters. Food & Drink and Household Items will be exhibited in Hall 11.2 in Area B, and Fabrics and Home Textiles will be in Hall 15.1 in Area C respectively. In this session, Baby and Kid Products and Daily Chemical Products will be displayed in the section of Household Items. Being developed for over 62 years, the Canton Fair has already grown to be a mature trade fair which maintains about 200,000 loyal overseas buyers. It has become a platform for overseas exhibitors to demonstrate company strength, upgrade brand image, and exchange latest information.
  • SUPPLIER LIST AUGUST 2019 Cotton on Group - Supplier List 2

    SUPPLIER LIST AUGUST 2019 Cotton on Group - Supplier List 2

    SUPPLIER LIST AUGUST 2019 Cotton On Group - Supplier List _2 COUNTRY FACTORY NAME SUPPLIER ADDRESS STAGE TOTAL % OF % OF % OF TEMP WORKERS FEMALE MIGRANT WORKER WORKERS WORKER CHINA NINGBO FORTUNE INTERNATIONAL TRADE CO LTD RM 805-8078 728 LANE SONGJIANG EAST ROAD SUP YINZHOU NINGBO, ZHEJIANG CHINA NINGBO QIANZHEN CLOTHES CO LTD OUCHI VILLAGE CMT 104 64% 75% 6% GULIN TOWN, HAISHU DISTRICT NINGBO, ZHEJIANG CHINA XIANGSHAN YUFA KNITTING LTD NO.35 ZHENYIN RD, JUEXI STREET CMT 57 60% 88% 12% XIANGSHAN COUNTY NINGBO CITY, ZHEJIANG CHINA SUNROSE INTERNATIONAL CO LTD ROOM 22/2 227 JINMEI BUILDING NO 58 LANE 136 SUP SHUNDE ROAD, HAISHU DISTRICT NINGBO, ZHEJIANG CHINA NINGBO HAISHU WANQIANYAO TEXTILE CO LTD NO 197 SAN SAN ROAD CMT 26 62% 85% 0% WANGCHAN INDUSTRIAL ZONE NINGBO, ZHEJIANG CHINA ZHUJI JUNHANG SOCKS FACTORY DAMO VILLAGE LUXI NEW VILLAGE CMT 73 38% 66% 0% ZHUJI CITY ZHEJIANG CHINA SKYLEAD INDUSTRY CO LIMITED LAIMEI INDUSTRIAL PARK SUP CHENGHAI DISTRICT, SHANTOU CITY GUANGDONG CHINA CHUANGXIANG TOYS LIMITED LAIMEI INDUSTRIAL PARK CMT 49 33% 90% 0% CHENGHAI DISTRICT SHANTOU, GUANGDONG CHINA NINGBO ODESUN STATIONERY & GIFT CO LTD TONGJIA VILLAGE, PANHUO INDUSTRIAL ZONE SUP YINZHOU DISTRICT NINGBO CITY, ZHEJIANG CHINA NINGBO ODESUN STATIONERY & GIFT CO LTD TONGJIA VILLAGE, PANHUO INDUSTRIAL ZONE CMT YINZHOU DISTRICT NINGBO CITY, ZHEJIANG CHINA NINGBO WORTH INTERNATIONAL TRADE CO LTD RM. 1902 BUILDING B, CROWN WORLD TRADE PLAZA SUP NO. 1 LANE 28 BAIZHANG EAST ROAD NINGBO ZHEJIANG CHINA NINGHAI YUEMING METAL PRODUCT CO LTD NO. 5 HONGTA ROAD
  • Space, Time, and Ontology in Classical and Quantum Gravity

    Space, Time, and Ontology in Classical and Quantum Gravity

    WHATEVER IS NEVER AND NOWHERE IS NOT: SPACE, TIME, AND ONTOLOGY IN CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM GRAVITY by Gordon Belot B.Sc., University of Toronto, 1991 M.Sc., University of Toronto, 1993 Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of University of Pittsburgh in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Pittsburgh 1996 John Earman Joseph Camp Adolf Grünbaum John Norton Carlo Rovelli ii WHATEVER IS NEVER AND NOWHERE IS NOT: SPACE, TIME, AND ONTOLOGY IN CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM GRAVITY Gordon Belot, Ph.D. University of Pittsburgh, 1996 Substantivalists claim that spacetime enjoys an existence analogous to that of material bodies, while relationalists seek to reduce spacetime to sets of possible spatiotemporal relations. The resulting debate has been central to the philosophy of space and time since the Scientific Revolution. Recently, many philosophers of physics have turned away from the debate, claiming that it is no longer of any relevance to physics. At the same time, there has been renewed interest in the debate among physicists working on quantum gravity, who claim that the conceptual problems which they face are intimately related to interpretative questions concerning general relativity (GR). My goal is to show that the physicists are correct—there is a close relationship between the interpretative issues of classical and quantum gravity. In the first part of the dissertation I challenge the received view that substantivalism has a commanding advantage over relationalism on grounds internal to GR. I argue that this view is based on a misconception of the relationships between realism and substantivalism, and between empiricism and relationalism.