DRIVING SAFE TRADE SOLUTIONS WORLDWIDE Supporting Farmers, Processors and Traders in Developing Countries to Access Global Markets

DRIVING SAFE TRADE SOLUTIONS WORLDWIDE Supporting farmers, processors and traders in developing countries to access global markets

Today’s global trade landscape is changing. Higher levels of competition mean consumers worldwide are demanding safer food. Across continents, climate change is adding to the problem of pests and diseases that are threatening animal and plant health, putting agricultural production and the environment at risk. Governments are also raising the bar on safety for food and agricultural imports. In turn, sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) gaps in many developing countries block exports. For small-scale farmers, producers and traders, meeting international food safety, animal and plant health standards clears the path to the global marketplace.

The STDF has delivered inclusive, safe trade solutions in key SPS areas through 85 projects since 2004, most of them in the poorest countries. Across Africa, Asia-Pacific and Latin America and the Caribbean it has helped to set up partnerships across the public and private sector, connecting government agencies to small businesses. It has championed the latest technical know-how and built up people’s skills across agricultural value chains. And it has mobilized over US$25 million to scale up projects and take innovative models further afield.

When trade works for more people, alongside giving a boost to the economy, it drives up incomes in poor areas, promotes domestic food security, protects the environment, improves public health and empowers women. The 25 stories in this book highlight good practice models of how STDF projects and project preparation grants work in practice in food safety, animal and plant health, and cross-cutting SPS areas, with significant results. Thanks to STDF support, projects have helped women shrimp farmers in Bangladesh, ginger cooperatives in Nepal, cabbage producers in Senegal and flower sector workers in Uganda to boost revenues and support their families. Other projects have helped farmers to use lower-risk pesticides on tropical crops across Africa, Latin America and Southeast Asia and access new markets. And there are many more results stories. Worldwide, STDF’s partnership continues to transform people’s trade and livelihood opportunities, sustaining the development impact at the heart of the UN’s agenda to 2030.

1 FOREWORDS

Carlos Felipe Jaramillo Ren Wang Senior Director Assistant Director-General Macroeconomics, Trade and Investment Global Practice The Standards and Countries’ capacities to effectively manage and regulate food safety and The World Bank Group (WBG) takes great pride in the results achieved by the STDF’s global partnership. Trade Development plant and animal health are critical for optimizing agricultural productivity, Since it was established in 2004 with WBG seed funding of US$1.13 million, the STDF has worked for Facility (STDF) is a achieving food security, facilitating efficient and safe trade, and sustainable solutions to SPS challenges in developing countries. The STDF is relevant to the WBG’s wide array of financial instruments and technical solutions to help countries apply innovative knowledge and global partnership supporting socioeconomic development. These interlinkages underpin FAO’s commitment not only to develop sanitary and phytosanitary solutions to meet international sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) standards for better health and greater that helps developing benefits from trade. Through its focus on SPS capacity building, the STDF complements work across the (SPS) capacity, but also to strengthen collaboration among donors and countries to access WBG on diverse topics including agricultural and private sector development, agribusiness, food safety, trade technical agencies, and advocate for increased global investment in SPS international facilitation and improved border management, and the development of benchmarks and data for strong management. It is this vision that inspired FAO and its partners to establish analytics. The WBG looks forward to continuing its active role and engagement in the STDF in the future. markets by tackling the STDF in 2004. FAO plays a unique role in global SPS governance, sanitary and hosting the Secretariats for the Codex Alimentarius Commission and phytosanitary (SPS) International Plant Protection Convention, and providing extensive gaps, and promoting capacity-development assistance in technical and legislative aspects of food safety, animal animal and plant health, and food safety. Integral to the safe international and plant health. trade in food and agricultural products, FAO is committed to continue Established by fostering meaningful collaboration through the STDF. Svetlana Akselrod Assistant Director-General FAO, OIE, WBG, WHO and WTO, Food safety is an important pillar to achieve food security and reach a higher standard of human well- the STDF works being, in support of the Sustainable Development Goals. In our collective effort to advance food safety, to facilitate safe international standard-setting and national capacity building are like the two wheels of a chariot. We cannot go further with the food safety agenda if the two wheels do not turn smoothly together, in trade, contributing parallel. Developing countries will agree to adopt higher safety standards only when they are reassured to sustainable that technical assistance will follow to allow them to implement these standards. For more than ten economic growth, Matthew Stone years, STDF has been serving as a bridge between those who set food safety standards and those who poverty reduction, Deputy Director General implement them. WHO looks forward to continuing to partner with STDF to promote dialogue between food security and key players, including donors and developing countries, and inspire visions on how best to drive multi- Trade in animals and animal products, both terrestrial and aquatic, environmental sectoral collaboration and enforce synergies for better public health. provides a pathway to food security and economic development for protection. many countries. The OIE’s standards on animal health and zoonoses help facilitate safe international trade of animals and animal products, while avoiding unnecessary impediments to trade. Experiences from OIE’s PVS Pathway highlight the challenges that many developing countries still face in meeting OIE’s standards. As a founding partner Alan Wolff of the STDF, the OIE recognizes the Facility’s value in strengthening Deputy Director-General collaboration in SPS capacity building to support capacity to control and Ensuring that trade flows as smoothly, predictably and freely as possible is at the heart of the WTO. The STDF manage animal diseases and zoonoses in developing countries, which helps to make this happen. As tariffs have fallen non-tariff measures, including on food safety, animal and is a global public good. Several OIE Members have benefitted from plant health, have become ever more important for trade. By helping to improve SPS capacity in developing the STDF’s grant support in different ways, from development of the countries to facilitate safe trade, and providing a forum for coordination among all the organizations OIE PVS Tool to implementation of improved animal health legislation involved, the Facility plays a unique role in supporting WTO’s Aid for Trade agenda. The STDF also provides and a new project on electronic veterinary certification. The OIE looks valuable support for trade facilitation, helping to reduce the trade costs that most affect small and medium forward to continuing its collaboration with the STDF partnership, enterprises. WTO Members appreciate STDF’s role in facilitating safe and inclusive trade from developing including on its new OIE Observatory to help its Members harmonize countries, as highlighted recently in a joint statement on maximum residue levels for pesticides by 17 trade with international standards. ministers at the Ministerial Conference in Buenos Aires. The WTO is proud to host the STDF Secretariat.

2 3

DELIVERING SAFE TRADE SOLUTIONS WORLDWIDE

STDF builds SPS capacity in developing countries Projects PPGs Projects/PPGs 2004-2017, US$ millions l Food Safety l l Animal Health l l Plant Health l l Cross-Cutting SPS l

Project Grants help developing countries to tackle key food safety, animal and/or plant health issues to gain and maintain access to markets. Project Preparation Grants (PPGs) support developing countries to prepare technically sound and sustainable projects in key SPS areas.

STDF’s support for LDCs Projects/PPGs 2004-2017, US$ millions

STDF’s investment supports farmers, processors, traders and governments Projects/PPGs 2004-2017, US$ millions STDF’s role in mobilizing resources Projects/PPGs 2004-2017, US$ millions

STDF’s regional presence Projects /PPGs 2004-2017

4 5 CONTENTS

FOOD PLANT ANIMAL CROSS-CUTTING SAFETY HEALTH HEALTH SPS

Coordinating action on aflatoxin Expanding horizons for safe Shaping investment solutions Coordinating regional SPS control in Malawi 10 horticultural exports from Rwanda 30 to drive safe livestock trade strategies to accelerate trade in Tanzania 44 in Africa 54 Promoting safety in Nigeria’s Partnerships in Senegal boost sesame and shea exports 12 safe cabbage production and Tracing the beef value chain Partnerships promote ginger regional exports 32 to drive safer trade and exports exports and rural incomes Building food safety skills for from Costa Rica 46 in Nepal 56 shrimp farmers in Bangladesh 14 Stronger phytosanitary controls help Uganda’s flower exports to grow 34 Improving animal health Safer fruit and vegetable exports Sri Lanka’s cinnamon exports get a legislation in Central America secure livelihoods in Sri Lanka 58 competitive edge in global markets 16 Centre of Phytosanitary Excellence to open up markets 48 is protecting agriculture and Supporting SPS investment Boosting safe fruit and vegetable supporting trade across East Shaping knowledge solutions priorities for better market access exports from Thailand and Viet Nam 18 and Central Africa 36 in animal health worldwide: in Belize 60 the OIE PVS Tool 50 Driving knowledge on food safety Fight against fruit fly bears fruit, Meeting standards to drive in cocoa across Southeast Asia 20 boosting safer trade in West Africa 38 agricultural exports from Nicaragua 62

Building confidence in regional Knowledge solutions on how Building SPS capacity and trade through food inspection safe wood packaging supports cooperation across Latin America in Central America 22 trade in Africa 40 and the Caribbean 64

Championing feed and food safety across Africa, Asia and Latin America 24

Supporting Africa, Latin America and Southeast Asia to meet pesticide standards for export 26

6 7 FOOD SAFETY

Supporting farmers, processors, traders and governments to meet Codex standards, protect consumer safety and access global markets Beneficiary Public and private sector in Malawi Led by Ministry of Industry and Trade, in collaboration with ICRISAT and Luz Diaz Rios Time-frame February – August 2013 STDF funding US$46,265

COORDINATING ACTION ON AFLATOXIN CONTROL IN MALAWI

The safe trade gap Results “MAPAC provided Aflatoxins, naturally occurring toxins produced by fungi, MAPAC led to a coordinated, strategic response to aflatoxin control across a coherent contaminate many dietary staples in Africa, including agriculture, public health and trade, helping to raise awareness, plug gaps and national plan to groundnuts, maize, cassava, sorghum and rice. In leverage resources. drive systemic Malawi, one of the world’s poorest countries, aflatoxin MAPAC helped to set up the institutional framework for coordinated action change in aflatoxin contamination has been a major problem for agriculture, on aflatoxin control, creating and funding a MAPAC Steering Committee and Aflatoxin Technical Working Group, and a national-level MAPAC coordinator control, going trade and health. Small-holder farmers in Malawi faced role in the Ministry of Industry and Trade. beyond episodic, difficulties in controlling aflatoxins in production, and since fragmented and the 1980s with strict regulations in export markets, trade With MAPAC in place, the African Union Commission through the Partnership for Aflatoxin Control in Africa (PACA) selected Malawi as a pilot country for scattered efforts to opportunities closed, impacting the economy. Aflatoxins aflatoxin mitigation measures. date. If fully funded, are also a major food safety challenge, affecting children’s PACA and development partners, including WBG, allocated resources to roll the roll-out of this growth and liver cancer rates. Government agencies, out MAPAC activities. The government is working to secure resources for private sector, donors and development partners, voiced plan will lead to outstanding needs. meaningful and a need for action. PACA has highlighted the value of MAPAC’s multi-stakeholder and cross- sustained health Partnership approach sectoral process to respond to the aflatoxin challenge, promoting the and economic approach to other countries in the region. impacts on the The Malawi Programme for Aflatoxin Control (MAPAC) ground”. effectively brought together stakeholders working in Sustaining impact agriculture, health and trade, from government agencies Wezi Chunga- Since 2014, PACA has supported MAPAC, including with an analysis on the to the private sector and farmers’ organizations, research, Sambo, PACA economic impact of aflatoxins in Malawi, and it continues to be a valuable academia, civil society and consumer organizations. It planning and financing framework. developed a strategic, coordinated programme for aflatoxin MAPAC was the catalyst to develop and roll out a new aflatoxin control that built on experiences and lessons, and identified communications strategy in 2016 and use new technology to test for outstanding gaps and priorities. This collaborative approach aflatoxins without the need for technical skills. MAPAC has provided inputs built on work to prioritize SPS investment options using into other efforts for an improved food safety policy for Malawi. STDF’s P-IMA framework, as well as other assessments Experiences and lessons from MAPAC have been shared at global events, and studies. The process led to a widely shared vision from conferences to webinars by the Global Donor Platform for Rural Find out more for aflatoxin control, with agreement on priority actions, Development, and WBG. standardsfacility.org/ key roles and responsibilities, a coordination mechanism, In 2017, PACA worked to secure support for a revised MAPAC resource PPG-400 available financing and investment gaps. mobilization strategy.

10 11 PROMOTING SAFETY IN NIGERIA’S SESAME AND SHEA EXPORTS

The safe trade gap Results In Nigeria, sesame seeds and shea nuts Eight sites were set up nationwide with modern “The Shea centre in are agricultural products with a high processing equipment for cleaning sesame seeds and Saki impacted the potential for export, with the country processing shea butter. A cost-sharing partnership ranking among the top producers community – from between the private sector, cooperatives and NEPC worldwide for both products. But faced organizing women manages the sites providing job opportunities and with severe gaps in safety and quality into co-operatives to higher incomes, particularly for women. management systems, the presence of training in specialist aflatoxins caused by poor storage and A training programme for extension officers, traders, skills - and increased impurities had put a break on meeting exporters and standards enforcement officers was throughput by global demand. That led to products rolled out on Good Manufacturing Practices and 80% in the last HACCP to improve product safety and quality. Over being unable to gain access to high- three years. Overall 1,000 women processors have been trained. value markets in Europe and the US. At improvement in the same time, the livelihoods of rural Manuals on safety and quality, codes of good quality has led to communities most dependent on the practice and national standards were updated, and a shea exports to the sector have been hard-hit, particularly traceability system was set up for both sesame seeds US, Canada and those of women who play an important and shea nut products. Jordan”. role in shea nut processing as members Risks associated with aflatoxin contamination along the of local cooperatives. sesame and shea supply chains have been minimized, Mobola Sagoe, promoting exports to international markets, in line Shea Origin Ltd. Partnership approach with the country’s goal to become the global leader Nigeria Through a public-private partnership, in shea exports. the Nigeria Export Promotion Council (NEPC) and ITC worked together with Sustaining impact 14 collaborating partners from across As a result of the project, Ifedawapo Sheabutter government and industry, including Cooperative in Saki (made up of 120 small-scale local agencies and trade associations buyers and processors) has had product samples such as the Sesame Seed Association certified by the National Agency for Food and Drug and Shea Nut Producers Association. Administration and Control and by internationally Together they have been driving good accredited laboratories. Beneficiary practices in production and control Small-scale processors Within two years of the project, the Cooperative along the sesame seed and shea nut of sesame and shea nuts sold over 200 metric tons to major Nigeria and US supply chain. Awareness-raising and in Nigeria cosmetics companies and secured additional orders information sharing activities included Led by for a further 500 metric tons. circulating publicity material nationwide NEPC, with ITC and setting up public-private dialogues, The development of shea butter processing sites is Time-frame being replicated nationwide. More than four new October 2010 – supported by the development of a processing facilities have been operationalized, September 2013 project website. A series of capacity bringing new opportunities for women and young STDF funding building workshops on safety and people. US$364,240 (total project quality connected stakeholders along Find out more value US$545,040) the production and supply chain and standardsfacility.org/ promoted trade opportunities. PG-172

12 13 BUILDING FOOD SAFETY Results SKILLS FOR SHRIMP FARMERS Total income from shrimp and prawn IN BANGLADESH ponds increased by 70% in 2015, compared with the baseline in 2013. Data from future harvests is expected The safe trade gap to show even greater gains. Increase in harvest yields of 60- “After joining this Coastal communities in Bangladesh depend on shrimp 70% thanks to knowledge transfer. project I am getting and prawn farming as a vital source of employment, This included how to stock ponds profits every year. income and food security. Over 200,000 small-scale with tested shrimp seed, reduce the I don’t have to wait farmers are involved in shrimp aquaculture and shrimps number of times ponds are stocked for long to sell out are the second most important export commodity in and harvested, and how to increase at the market Bangladesh after textiles. However, in recent years, pond depths. shrimp and prawn products from Bangladesh have faced because my shrimps A basic traceability system at the farm rejections at international borders due to the detection of are bigger and look level was set up by mapping out the contamination and residues. Grassroots problems linked shrimp and prawn value chain. healthier. Now it to food safety and sanitary contamination at the farm level makes me proud meant that the livelihoods of large numbers of farmers that people come were under threat and that aquaculture exports were Sustaining impact to me for advice”. at risk. Based on the project’s results, FAO and the Ministry of Fisheries Chompa Debnath, Partnership approach shrimp farmer, and Livestock plan to scale-up the project’s approach to reach 20,000 Bangladesh The FAO and local partners - the Department of Fisheries, WorldFish, and the Bangladesh Shrimp and Fish Foundation small-scale farmers. This will make Beneficiary - mobilized 1,000 small-scale shrimp and prawn farmers sure there is sufficient volume for Small-scale shrimp and prawn farmers in Bangladesh supporting them to adopt Better Management Practices processors to segregate the clean and Good Aquaculture Practices. The farmers, many shrimp, and help the clusters to Led by establish a direct line of exports. FAO, with the Department of them women, were organized into 40 clusters, each of Fisheries, WorldFish, made up of 25 farmers, with an average farm size of Scaling up the project will also help and the Bangladesh Shrimp 0.54 hectares. This, in turn, created economies of scale. to refine and improve the existing and Fish Foundation Working together, the farmers increased their bargaining traceability system, so that farmers Time-frame power, purchasing feed directly from manufacturers which can guarantee the safety and quality April 2012 – June 2016 cut out their reliance on middlemen. They developed local of produce. The target is to secure STDF funding Find out more support networks with the knowledge, skills and support up to US$10 million to up-scale the US$637,000 (total project standardsfacility.org/ to upgrade the safety and quality of shrimp production, cluster approach so that many more value US$823,800) PG-321 and provide a steady supply to processors. shrimp farmers can benefit.

14 15 Beneficiary Cinnamon industry in Sri Lanka, including cinnamon peelers and processors Led by UNIDO, with The Spice Council of Sri Lanka Time-frame July 2012 – October 2016 STDF funding US$705,600 (total project value US$2,205,600)

SRI LANKA’S CINNAMON EXPORTS GET A COMPETITIVE EDGE IN GLOBAL MARKETS

The safe trade gap Six cinnamon processing centres have been upgraded, “The project has allowing them to obtain Good Manufacturing really improved Ceylon cinnamon is one of Sri Lanka’s most sought after exports, with the country Practices certification. Among those is the Kahawatte the conditions of producing four-fifths of world output. At the same time, the industry has been Plantation, where the majority of workers are women. families involved supporting the livelihoods of 70,000 small farmers and employing over 350,000 More cinnamon peelers and processors (including in the cinnamon people. However, over the last decade the country’s cinnamon exports have been women) have joined the sector thanks to certified industry”. falling in the European and Northern American markets as a result of not being vocational training and decent working conditions. able to meet global buyers’ demands on food safety and hygiene standards. In Social marketing has helped to mitigate the social Sarada De Silva, addition, the industry faced a severe labour shortage due to migration and the stigma associated with cinnamon peeling and promote Cinnamon social stigma associated with cinnamon peeling. career opportunities in the sector. Training Academy, Branding and market positioning helped to stem the Sri Lanka Partnership approach decline of Ceylon cinnamon’s share in international markets, which has improved the living standards of Since 2012, a strong public-private partnership has brought together the Sri communities across the industry. Lankan government, UNIDO, and The Spice Council – the apex body representing the cinnamon industry – which has helped to mobilize additional assistance. The Sustaining impact partnership focused on boosting the productive capacities and competitiveness The project provided the assessment based on the of the cinnamon value chain and on increasing exports to high-end markets. underlying safety and quality standards to enhance the Vocational training on improved food safety and hygiene practices was rolled out “Pure Ceylon Cinnamon” mark, supporting Sri Lanka along the value chain. Infrastructure at selected production centres was upgraded, to move forward with its aim to obtain Geographical which has improved working conditions in the industry. This, in turn, has triggered Indication. The trademark is in the process of being a transformational change in the sector. registered in high-end markets, including the EU, the US, Colombia and Peru. Results Through the public-private partnership, the project has supported the development of a roadmap for the A nationally accredited vocational training programme was developed, which Ceylon cinnamon value chain to reach the country’s promotes internationally recognized food safety certification. As a result, the goal to “make cinnamon a one billion dollar industry”. Cinnamon Training Academy now provides National Vocational Qualifications As a result of greater global competitiveness, for cinnamon factory and field officers. businesses such as Cinnamon Legends have been able Find out more Awareness-raising and National Vocational Qualification training on food to expand operations and are currently the number standardsfacility.org/ safety and hygiene practices have reached over 1,000 people. one exporter of “Pure Ceylon Cinnamon” worldwide. PG-343

16 17 Beneficiary Fruit and vegetable producers, exporters and retailers in Thailand and Viet Nam Led by MSU, with Kasetsart University and Can Tho University Time-frame January 2011 – June 2013 STDF funding US$581,665 (total project value US$719,275)

BOOSTING SAFE FRUIT AND VEGETABLE EXPORTS FROM THAILAND AND VIET NAM

The safe trade gap Results “Being part of the Getting fruits and vegetables to meet international food Better management of food safety risks along supply chains led to reduced STDF project was safety standards turned out to be the missing link for small- rejections, increased sales and better access to domestic and export markets. For a game changer for scale producers, processors and traders in Thailand and instance: my company. It was Viet Nam to access higher-value markets. Small farmers, Fruit and vegetable exporter, Hung Phat Joint Stock Company (JSC), Viet Nam the springboard processors and others in the value chain struggled to gained ISO 22000: 2005 certification, opening up access to the EU, Japan to get HACCP and meet international standards and good practices that and US markets. ISO22000:2005 would guarantee the safety and quality of their produce. Onion cooperative, of mostly women farmers, in Vinh Chau District, Viet Nam certification. This As a result, farmers suffered post-harvest losses and their had 50% fewer produce rejections and increased incomes thanks to Good enabled us to export produce was rejected by buyers. Exporters were unable to Agricultural Practices training. The women farmers now exercise more of the fruit and vegetables access higher-value domestic and global markets. decision-making. to the EU, Japan Retailer, SIAM-MAKRO, Thailand increased its supply from small-scale farmers and the US”. Partnership approach and processors. Vegetable cooperative, Wang Nam Khiao, Thailand obtained the Organic Phan Quoc Manh Tailored education and training programmes on fresh Thailand certification and saw its customer base increase by 10% and sales Hung, Former and processed fruit and vegetable value chains were developed and run by Michigan State University (MSU), boosted by 18%. owner, Hung Phat with Kasetsart University (Thailand) and Can Tho JSC, Viet Nam University (Viet Nam). Based on international (Codex) Sustaining impact standards, the competency-based learning modules used An independent evaluation in 2015 found the project had “significant and the structured, step-by-step approach of the GFSI Global lasting impact on enhancing management of food safety risks within fruit and Markets Programme. To promote an inclusive and scalable vegetable chains”. All the beneficiaries visited gained “in terms of improved approach, e-learning and e-resources in local languages market access, higher incomes and lower levels of product rejections”. were shared to boost knowledge and skills development. Training produced under the project is now included in government extension Face-to-face training was provided to ensure benefits for services, private sector and local university programmes, reaching more rural stakeholders with limited internet access. Strong farmers, processors and exporters. Find out more and lasting partnerships were built with government Options exist to further disseminate the training modules to promote wider standardsfacility.org/ authorities and major food businesses, with cost-sharing uptake in Thailand and Viet Nam, and support the delivery of harmonized PG-326 helping to expand the uptake of training. food safety training within ASEAN.

18 19 Beneficiary Cocoa farmers, agro-dealers, processors and traders in Indonesia, Malaysia and Papua New Guinea Led by CABI, with the Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute, the Malaysian Cocoa Board, the Papua New Guinea Cocoa and Coconut Institute Ltd., and the ICCO Time-frame November 2013 – April 2016 STDF funding US$652,851 (total project value US$945,280)

DRIVING KNOWLEDGE ON FOOD SAFETY IN COCOA ACROSS SOUTHEAST ASIA

The safe trade gap Cocoa is a vital source of income for thousands of small-holder farmers across Master Facilitators in Malaysia and Indonesia built up “All of the training Southeast Asia but their livelihoods have been threatened by low productivity skills on safe cocoa practices to train trainers, which materials are and a decline in exports. Consumers worldwide have raised concerns about food helped to disseminate improved knowledge more very useful for safety along the cocoa supply chain, from pesticide residue levels to contamination, widely. cocoa farmers. We which has led to growing legislation and regulations. Countries in the region – Cocoa farmers reported that 90% of the major will apply them Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea – faced critical challenges to meeting problems with growing cocoa had decreased and for producing food safety standards and were at risk of losing access to high-value markets in farmer leaders highlighted a fourfold increase in cocoa high and quality Europe, the US and Japan. yields, 18 months after the baseline survey (Ranau, cocoa beans, and Malaysia). to obtain UTZ Partnership approach Over 90% of cocoa farmers chose to remove and certification. Now bury diseased/black pods and up to 100% of agro Across Southeast Asia, dynamic public and private partnerships came together led I understand processors were storing beans in sacks in warehouses by CABI, working with national institutions including the Indonesian Coffee and the importance (Sulawesi, Indonesia). Cocoa Research Institute, the Malaysian Cocoa Board, the Papua New Guinea of wearing hats Cocoa and Coconut Institute Ltd., as well as ICCO and CropLife Asia. The project and masks for developed a regional approach to train facilitators including farmer leaders, Sustaining impact protection when extension officers, agro-dealers and processors, and to promote good practices As a spill-over effect, farmers better understood the chemicals are at the farm and post-harvest. At the same time, publicity campaigns used online the importance of using protective clothing and applied”. and audio-visual materials to reach groups along the cocoa value chain. Activities equipment and how to safely use branded chemicals were adapted for the local context and impact surveys measured how training to manage pests and diseases. Eko Santoso, was driving knowledge and skills development on food safety. Training modules were included in the Malaysian cocoa farmer, Cocoa Board’s Advance Course of Cocoa Technologies East Java Results to increase farmers’ productivity and cocoa quality. Over 650 extension officers, farmer leaders, agro-dealers, traders and Opportunities exist to scale up activities across processors were trained and showed increased knowledge of Good Indonesia, Malaysia and Papua New Guinea, using Find out more Agricultural Practices, pest and disease control, post-harvest practices and the Farmer Field School approach, and build capacity standardsfacility.org/ regulations. along the cocoa value chain. PG-381

20 21 BUILDING CONFIDENCE IN Over 470 inspectors from Central REGIONAL TRADE THROUGH FOOD America and the Dominican Republic were successfully trained, INSPECTION IN CENTRAL AMERICA creating a cadre of inspectors with the latest skills and knowledge on The safe trade gap modern food safety inspection techniques. Small and medium- “The training has Food inspection improves the safety of fresh or processed sized producers also learned about been a useful tool in foods, which in turn promotes regional and international Good Agricultural Practices based trade and protects consumer health. In Central America updating knowledge on effective inspections during and the Dominican Republic the different food inspection and, as such, it is primary production. going to strengthen agencies needed to find a way to work closely together to A regional network of academic inspectors’ plug potential overlaps or gaps in food safety inspection. The solution was to set up a regional food inspection school experts on food inspection was skills in order to to train food inspectors in each country and modernize food created, and training on food prevent diseases inspection techniques, which would help to build greater auditing for university partners was transmitted by food confidence across the region’s trading partners. made available on IICA’s platform in and to guarantee English and Spanish. that techniques Partnership approach being carried out Sustaining impact meet food safety An innovative Regional Virtual Food Inspection School (ERVIA) was set up to harmonize and improve food requirements”. Standardized food inspection inspection procedures, drawing together strong training is building confidence Fanny Maradiaga, international partnerships led by IICA. An Academic in each country’s application of National Agricultural Council of universities from each of the eight countries regional, harmonized regulations University, Honduras developed and rolled out the courses. An International among trading partners, helping to Advisory Group focused on the curriculum and training facilitate market access for food materials, with representatives from Argentina, Costa Rica, products. Beneficiary Europe, the US, FAO, OIRSA, PAHO, and other national According to the final project Public and private sector in and international food safety institutions. Food safety report, harmonized food inspection Belize, Costa Rica, Dominican control agencies from Ministries of Agriculture and Health procedures across Central America Republic, El Salvador, formed a Technical Consultative Group to review and Guatemala, Honduras, will make it easier to move towards Nicaragua and Panama approve the curriculum and training methods, working to a customs union and positively best meet countries’ needs. Led by impact the health of consumers. IICA A sustainability proposal developed Results Time-frame by the Academic Council and July 2012 – June 2016 Alongside the Virtual Food Inspection School, a virtual Technical Consultative Group aims STDF funding Find out more training course on food inspection was developed to roll out the food inspection US$977,643 (total project standardsfacility.org/ and made available on IICA’s open-source learning training further at both regional and value US$1,534,294) PG-344 platform in Spanish. local levels.

22 23 Beneficiary Feed industry and regulators in developing countries and emerging economies Led by IFIF and FAO Time-frame June 2005 – November 2006 STDF funding US$150,000 (total project value US$220,000)

CHAMPIONING FEED AND FOOD SAFETY ACROSS AFRICA, ASIA AND LATIN AMERICA

The safe trade gap IFIF and FAO used the Manual in capacity development “The Manual has projects and workshops across Africa, Asia and Latin made very positive For producers and the feed industry in developing countries and emerging America, helping regulators and industry to increase impact in the economies, meeting rising safety and quality standards for export and domestic the safety of feed and food. industry by bringing markets is a big challenge. Applying the Codex code of practice on good animal Set up of the Latin American Feed Industry Association the feed operators feeding is key to increase food safety and boost trade in feed products and (FeedLatina) and the Southern African Feed and the regulatory products of animal origin. However, exporting and importing countries need a Manufacturers’ Association. Both help to harmonize agencies closer. more level playing field. Everyone along the production and distribution chain, legislation and regulations within their regions, boosting Cooperation is now from feed mill managers to inspection officers, needs access to information trade and creating self-regulating regional industries. very high between on Good Manufacturing Practices and feed safety standards. Legislation and Catalyzed the creation of the FAO-led Feed Safety regulators and the regulations need updating, and policy-makers and industry need the toolsto Multi-Stakeholder Partnership to support capacity industry”. make this happen, which in turn will promote regional and international trade. development and the Global Feed Safety Platform to share information and knowledge worldwide. Nigerian National Partnership approach Feed Association The International Feed Industry Federation (IFIF) and FAO joined forces to Sustaining impact champion the safe production and supply of animal feed globally, bringing together Thanks to the project’s support, feed and food safety the feed industry, livestock producers and government agencies, particularly continue to improve worldwide: across Africa and Latin America. A new “Feed Manual of Good Practices for the Feed regulators and industry in developing countries Feed Industry” was developed, setting out practical guidelines for producers and emerging economies continue to use the Manual and industry to help meet the Codex code of practice and support higher feed as a reference for updating and comparing legislation and food safety standards in developing economies. IFIF and FAO have also run and regulations. Across Africa, Asia and Latin America, targeted workshops and hands-on training for feed officers, producers and feed governments and companies have made changes to industries in 15 countries worldwide. meet the Codex code of practice on good animal feeding. The Manual was the third most downloaded Results publication from the FAO website until 2016. The Manual is being used to train government officers The “Manual of Good Practices for the Feed Industry” (in Arabic, Chinese, and industry, and raise awareness among policy-makers English, French and Spanish) supported the development of new feed safety Find out more and producers. It is also being used as a teaching tool in regulation and standards in Argentina, Costa Rica, Ethiopia, Suriname, Uganda standardsfacility.org/ universities, receiving positive feedback from students. and many other countries. PG-056

24 25 MRL PROJECT MRL PROJECT IN MRL PROJECT IN IN AFRICA LATIN AMERICA SOUTHEAST ASIA Led by Led by Led by AU-IBAR, FAO, IICA, FAO, ASEAN Secretariat, Rutgers University Rutgers University FAO, Rutgers and USDA and USDA University and USDA Time-frame Time-frame Time-frame 2013 – 2017 2013 – 2016 2012 – 2016 STDF funding STDF funding STDF funding US$446,150 US$374,166 US$637,000 (total project value (total project value: (total project value: US$1,064,450) US$1,195,416) US$1,242,000)

SUPPORTING AFRICA, LATIN AMERICA AND SOUTHEAST ASIA TO MEET PESTICIDE STANDARDS FOR EXPORT

The safe trade gap Results “Field trials under When producers and traders in developing countries Thanks to field and lab-based training, over 160 scientists and government the project identified are unable to meet pesticide residue standards, their officials developed new skills to generate, review and interpret pesticide new and better fruit and vegetable exports are rejected. That happens residue data. This led to more active participation in Codex meetings, making options to control because few Maximum Residue Limits (MRLs) exist for sure developing countries’ needs are better reflected. pests affecting tropical crops, or because the MRLs differ from Codex Project partners completed 10 new residue studies. Data from the studies is mango production standards or for different trading partners. There are often supporting new MRLs for minor-use crops such as dragon fruit, mango and papaya. By the end of the projects, data was generated for at least 10 new in Africa. With data big gaps in residue data in developing countries due to limited knowledge, and the costs of generating data Codex MRLs. from the trials going and registering new pesticides. This discourages private Public-private collaboration plugged data gaps and improved results. Pooling to help set a new sector investment. As a result, farmers are using older, data led to more robust data sets, reflecting geographic and climatic diversity, MRL, African mango less environmentally-friendly pesticides, which are less and generated cost savings of over 90%. farmers will see effective for managing pests and diseases and more likely Government officials gained the know-how to design regulatory frameworks production losses to block trade. for pesticides that meet public health and environmental objectives. The fall and overseas private sector registered new reduced-risk pesticides in 18 countries, markets open up”. Partnership approach expanding access to environmentally-friendly tools, alongside the new Codex standards coming in 2018-19. Paul Osei-Fosu, Across Africa, Latin America and Southeast Asia, Ghana Standards government authorities partnered with multinational Sustaining impact Authority pesticide manufacturers, industry associations, farmers and international partners to carry out coordinated In 2015 project partners set up the Global Minor Use Foundation, supported and complementary pesticide residue studies. This by the USDA and the private sector. The Foundation builds on the projects’ collaborative approach generated data to support the results and has mobilized over US$550,000 to expand low-risk pesticide Find out more registration of new, improved low-risk pesticides for options for tropical produce. standardsfacility.org/ farmers. With these new crop protection tools, farmers A sustainable model for joint residue projects was launched in over 13 PG-337; can control pests and diseases more effectively, while developing countries, with governments funding research, the private sector standardsfacility.org/ meeting international food safety standards and facilitating giving technical support and financing, and the Foundation supporting PG-359 and safe trade. Plus there are added benefits when it comes to capacity building. standardsfacility.org/ agricultural productivity, promoting environmental health The projects’ role in catalyzing global public-private sector collaboration was PG-436 and consumer safety. recognized in a high-level statement signed by 17 governments at the 11th WTO Ministerial Conference in 2017.

26 27 PLANT HEALTH

Supporting farmers, processors, traders and governments to meet IPPC standards, protect crops from pests and diseases, and access global markets Beneficiary Horticulture sector in Rwanda Led by MSU and partners, the Bureau of Standards, the Horticultural Development Authority, the Ministry of Agriculture and Animal Resources, and WBG Time-frame May 2007 – May 2009 STDF funding US$589,845 (total project value US$642,545)

EXPANDING HORIZONS FOR SAFE HORTICULTURAL EXPORTS FROM RWANDA

The safe trade gap Results “A customized Rwanda’s horticulture sector was growing thanks to a Thanks to the project, Rwanda signed up to the IPPC, establishing the country capacity building favourable climate and supply of labour in the country. as an important part of the international phytosanitary community. programme However, producers and traders in the sector faced A National Plant Protection Organization was set up to manage and operate strengthened multiple barriers to accessing regional and international a phytosanitary certification system to support the safe exports of plants and the institutional markets. There was a lack of domestic and international plant products. phytosanitary confidence that fruits, vegetables and flowers from A plant protection and agrochemicals law was drafted to effectively control framework. This Rwanda were free from pests and diseases, safe for pests and set up a sustainable national phytosanitary structure. resulted in improved human health and safe for the environment. Without a An SPS horticultural action plan developed under the project is being used by export certification, national system of inspections and certification in place, the National Agriculture Export Development Board to carry out horticultural and better use meeting international phytosanitary standards to help activities. and control of agrochemicals, boost exports was out of reach. The project raised awareness and increased the knowledge base in the sector. helping us to develop Training for officials, technicians and private operators focused on horticultural safe horticulture Partnership approach phytosanitary issues, Good Agricultural Practices, integrated pest management and surveillance. exports. The outcome Driving efforts to set up a strong SPS management was a gradual drop system in the country were the Bureau of Standards and in reports of non- the Rwanda Horticultural Development Authority in the Sustaining impact compliance with Ministry of Agriculture and Animal Resources. The project Rwandan horticultural and phytosanitary authorities are continuing to use the EU requirements”. was rolled out by MSU, and supported by WBG. Joint institutional structures and national action plans that were developed under Vianney Kabera, decision-making and coordination among government the project. Rwanda Horticulture authorities, agencies and stakeholders across the sector Following the project, other technical assistance projects, including by the Exporters helped to streamline intergovernmental policies on Belgian Development Agency and WBG, have sustained efforts to improve Association horticultural exports. A fresh public-private partnership plant health and food safety in the horticultural sector. led on national phytosanitary activities, including Building on the project’s foundation, new legislation on plant health protection Find out more drafting legislation, developing an SPS action plan for the was passed by Parliament in 2016 to boost strategies and measures to control standardsfacility.org/ horticulture sector and taking forward training modules to plant pests and diseases. This includes issuing phytosanitary certificates and PG-145 build know-how. inspections by the competent authority.

30 31 Beneficiary Farmers and other stakeholders along the cabbage value chain in Senegal Led by AUMN Time-frame February 2012 – July 2014 STDF funding US$577,142 (total project value US$636,175)

PARTNERSHIPS IN SENEGAL BOOST SAFE Introduction of new cabbage species adapted to the “The project’s seasons; use of innovative production techniques, success was CABBAGE PRODUCTION AND REGIONAL EXPORTS and monitoring of major pests. A traceability sheet due to genuine collected real-time information on the production collaboration The safe trade gap cost of quality cabbage and is now used by producers. between the private Upgraded transport, packing and conservation along sector and public The cabbage sector is one of the most important sectors of Senegalese agriculture, the value chain. The use of crates to transport the institutions. We and Senegal is one of the main suppliers of cabbage for the region. Yet, the sector produce and cold rooms to store the cabbage helped joined our efforts in the country was not well organized, and suffered from a lack of awareness and to preserve cabbage quality. Producers were also in support of a expertise on how to meet SPS standards. Information gaps resulted in pest attacks, able to opt for 2, 10 and 15 kg bags valued by end common objective and the excessive use or misuse of pesticides, which led to rejections at borders consumers. – helping small- due to toxic residues that were not in line with export market requirements. At Producers gained new market shares in the region, scale producers the same time, tackling poverty and driving rural development in cabbage growing in particular in Mauritania, Mali, The Gambia and to improve the areas was a pressing challenge. To boost productivity in the cabbage sector and Guinea-Bissau. Exports went from 1,900 tonnes in quality and safety promote better access to regional markets, there was a need to find solutions to 2008 to 6,000 tonnes in 2014. of cabbage, which plug gaps in safety and quality across the value chain. increased their Sustaining impact access to regional Partnership approach By improving phytosanitary conditions, the project led export markets”. Collaboration and dialogue among the public and private actors in the cabbage to improved quality of cabbage and is being used as Mamadou Ndiaye, sector was key to the success of the project, led by the Association des Unions an example for other cabbage producers in the area and wider region. AUMN Maraîchères des Niayes (AUMN). Together, small-scale growers, traders and government agencies worked with the industry association to revitalize cabbage An inter-professional cabbage network was set up during the project, which continues to strengthen production and develop the sector. A draft national strategy was developed dialogue between growers and sellers. and laid the foundation for stakeholder cooperation, helping to promote value chain development and replicate the project’s approach longer-term. The project The project led to more purchasing and order contracts and more predictability for traders, including supplied quality inputs (seeds, fertilizers and pesticides) to growers, rolled out demand tailored to customer needs, such as requests technical training and support for producers on Good Agricultural Practices and for different cabbage sizes. ran targeted marketing campaigns on safety and quality production. Thanks to the project, AUMN has become a key partner for the national SPS authorities on topics related to the Results development of the horticultural sector as a whole. Increased farmer productivity – from 15 to 30 tonnes per hectare; improved Improved infrastructure, including better roads to quality – pesticide residues dropped reassuring customers of non-toxic safely transport cabbage and inputs to growers, which Find out more products, with benefits for public health and the environment; more came about during the project, is supporting rural standardsfacility.org/ competitive prices – processing costs fell by 42%. development in the area. PG-302

32 33 Beneficiary Flower producers in Uganda Led by CABI and the Department of Crop Protection in Uganda and UFEA Time-frame October 2012 – March 2015 STDF funding US$383,495 (total project value US$427,017)

STRONGER PHYTOSANITARY CONTROLS HELP UGANDA’S FLOWER EXPORTS TO GROW

The safe trade gap Results “The use of Flower producers in Uganda faced heavy losses with the Numbers of interceptions on roses due to plant pests fell from 34 in 2013 to biological agents growing interception of cut flower exports to the EU. 18 in 2014 and to less than five in 2015 and continued to fall in 2016. The improves the health Costs rose with increased inspections, treatment and livelihoods of the majority women workers dependent on the flower industry and safety of rejected consignments. In turn, investment in the sector stand to benefit as exports to the EU continue. women who work in was slowing, which was impacting on trade flows and Over 100 scouts across the flower sector and 10 inspectors have been trained the greenhouse by economic growth. The problem – plant pests. The solution by the Centre of Phytosanitary Excellence (COPE). Inspectors and industry reducing exposure – getting the right tools and knowledge on phytosanitary showed high levels of knowledge on international phytosanitary standards and to pesticides and measures in place to keep the flower supply chain safe. At EU legislation to meet EU market demands. its health risks. Of the same time this would help to safeguard the livelihoods A streamlined inspection and export certification system was set up, together the 8,500 direct of the country’s 6,000 flower workers, 80% of them with a surveillance, monitoring and traceability system. A manual with 12 workers in the women, and their families. Standard Operating Procedures was developed with operations linked to the flower sector, 80% Plant Protection and Health Act 2015. are women who Partnership approach have an income for Flower producers and exporters came together with the Sustaining impact their families”. Department of Crop Protection (DCP) in Uganda to build An evaluation in 2015 found that thanks to the project there was “improved Esther Nekambi, capacity to meet international phytosanitary standards compliance with international phytosanitary standards for production and export UFEA and EU requirements. A strong public-private partnership of flowers for the European market”. “Awareness on the relevant phytosanitary between the DCP and the Uganda Flower Exporters issues in relation to the export to the EU has increased significantly” and, at the Association (UFEA) was created based on joint dialogue same time, “the response of the cut flower sector on the survey and monitoring and planning. Efforts were made to raise awareness and program reached a very reactive and responsive level”. gain buy-in from national decision-makers. With technical Flower farms have also set up a self-regulating system on monitoring and expertise from CABI and other partners, hands-on practical surveillance, with disincentives for non-compliance, managed by a Task Team of training and study tours were rolled out for the public government and industry. and private sector. Government teams were deployed to The DCP and UFEA have since signed a new public-private partnership to Find out more boost efficiency of inspections and certification atexit sustain their collaboration and increase flower production and exports. standardsfacility.org/ points and an electronic format for export certification PG-335 and accessible reference materials were developed.

34 35 Beneficiary National and regional authorities and the private sector across East and Central Africa Led by CABI, and partners, FAO, IPPC and KEPHIS Time-frame May 2008 – November 2010 STDF funding US$763,880 (total project value US$851,240)

CENTRE OF PHYTOSANITARY EXCELLENCE IS PROTECTING AGRICULTURE AND SUPPORTING TRADE ACROSS EAST AND CENTRAL AFRICA

The safe trade gap Across East and Central Africa, crop losses during production and post-harvest Nearly 1,000 plant inspectors and phytosanitary “Targeted training have challenged the region’s food safety and security and the ability of countries managers from National Plant Protection by COPE for to compete in global horticultural trade. Plugging the capacity gap on plant health Organizations and farmer groups have been trained phytosanitary and preventing the spread of plant pests was vital to protect agriculture and natural across 15 countries. For example, COPE trained inspectors and resources. At the same time, the IPPC’s capacity evaluation tool showed that over 100 scouts in the Ugandan flower sector and the private sector national and regional authorities were unable to meet international phytosanitary 10 inspectors. This has helped exports to the EU to helped upgrade continue thanks to a fall in interceptions on roses due standards – a longer term regional approach was needed. knowledge and skills to plant pests. in Uganda to better Partnership approach A Pest Risk Analysis Unit is in place with a network of protect against plant regional pest risk analysts that supports countries and pests. The outcome The Centre of Phytosanitary Excellence (COPE), set up in 2010, is going strong as a regional bodies, such as COMESA and EAC, to update is a tremendous regional centre without borders and operates across East and Central Africa. Set up pest lists for priority commodities. by CABI and partners, FAO, IPPC and the Kenya Plant Health Inspectorate Services reduction in non- compliance to (KEPHIS), the Secretariat is based in Kenya and run by KEPHIS and the University Sustaining impact of Nairobi with a wide public-private partnership on the Advisory Board. COPE’s phytosanitary trade mission is to provide phytosanitary capacity building services to clients in the public COPE’s public-private partnership is self-sustaining, requirements for and private sectors, so that countries are better able to prevent the introduction having set up a not-for-profit business model and flower exports to and spread of plant pests and meet the phytosanitary requirements of international developed its trademark COPE logo and marketing the EU”. strategy. trade. To deliver on its mission, COPE’s regional network is expanding to include Tumuboine universities, regional economic bodies, technical agencies and development partners. A fee-based approach is in place for COPE to deliver consultancy services and capacity building, with yearly Ephrance, Ministry of Agriculture, Results training targets that include reaching 350 people in 2016-17. Animal Industry and COPE’s updated online platform, www.africacope.org, features training COPE hosted the first International Phytosanitary Fisheries, Uganda modules, the latest plant health resources and publications and information Conference in Africa in 2016 – funded from its on upcoming events. training programme. The regional dialogue brought A fully equipped Training Unit offers five short, in-service courses, three together 100 African and global stakeholders to share Find out more university diplomas on phytosanitary measures and customized programmes knowledge and good practice on current plant health standardsfacility.org/ to plug capacity gaps. topics from food security to trade facilitation. PG-171

36 37 WEST AFRICAN FRUIT FLY INFORMATION SHARING INITIATIVE (WAFFI 2) ON FRUIT FLY IN AFRICA Led by: CIRAD, WBG and EU Led by: COLEACP Time-frame: April 2009 – Time-frame: June 2009 – March 2010 June 2011 STDF funding: US$313,220 STDF funding: US$82,800 (total project value US$694,540) (total project value US$136,500)

SPS RISK ASSESSMENT WEST AFRICAN FRUIT FLY IN THE MALI MANGO SECTOR INITIATIVE: FOLLOW-UP (WAFFI 3) Led by: WBG and ANSSA Led by: WBG, CIRAD and IITA Time-frame: May 2010 – Time-frame: April 2010 – November 2012 August 2011 STDF funding: US$474,208 STDF funding: US$559,482 (total project value US$528,021) (total project value US$848,469)

“The projects led to FIGHT AGAINST FRUIT FLY better cooperation and coordination BEARS FRUIT, BOOSTING SAFER at sub-regional TRADE IN WEST AFRICA level and created a sustainable regional The safe trade gap Results platform to share knowledge on fruit Fruit and vegetable producers across West Africa faced Studies under the projects plugged the knowledge gap on tackling fruit fly fly control. Thanks increasing production losses due to the emergence of and paved the way for a Regional Action Plan to Control Fruit Fly in West to training and skills fruit fly attacks on their crops. That meant that locally Africa. support, small- important products for export, from mangos to citrus Practical training and workshops on fruit fly control reached a wide range holder farmers are fruits, were being intercepted and destroyed on reaching of stakeholders. Producers developed skills to protect their crops; exporters being empowered to the EU market. Small-scale farmers saw their incomes fall, learned how to comply with safety and quality standards, and trainers adopted become agricultural and livelihoods of communities across the region were at the latest training methods. entrepreneurs, boosting production risk. To fight back and take on the cross-border challenge Better coordination led to greater regional awareness on fruit fly. Up-to-date and incomes”. of African fruit fly meant finding a regional response that information and analysis plugged data gaps. In addition, 18 newsletters were could plug research, knowledge and skills gaps on fruit fly shared with over 1,300 public and private sector stakeholders in 59 African, G.J. Benoit control for the long-term. Caribbean and Pacific countries. Gnonlonfin, Thanks to wider efforts, alongside the projects, the mango trade regained its ECOWAS SPS lead Partnership approach momentum: between 2009 and 2014 mango exports to the EU rose by 67% in volume and 101% in value. At the same time safety-related interceptions Close regional cooperation and partnerships led to and rejections fell. capacity building and awareness-raising activities in the four projects. Alongside EU, WBG and COLEACP initiatives, the projects consolidated efforts in West Africa Sustaining impact and brought together regional organizations, including An independent meta evaluation in 2016 found that the projects were “highly

Find out more ECOWAS, and national governments to coordinate the relevant, with a good level of effectiveness and efficiency”, and had an “overall standardsfacility.org/ fight on fruit fly and tackle the disruption to safe trade. positive impact on productivity and exports”. PG-255; Producers, exporters, value chain associations and STDF support paved the way for a regional project to control fruit flies in standardsfacility.org/ 2016 by ECOWAS, WAEMU, the EU, AFD and CORAF/WECARD. PG-283; research institutes across West Africa and the continent standardsfacility.org/ as a whole shared knowledge and identified targeted CIRAD and IITA built on the projects rolling out the West African Fruit Fly PG-287 and solutions. The projects led to better fruit fly control, Initiative (WAFFI 4). standardsfacility.org/ stronger public-private sector dialogue and awareness on In Mali, linking up private sector actors led to the creation of the Mali Mango PG-313 the value of a regional approach. Value Chain Association.

38 39 Beneficiary Governments and NPPOs in Botswana, Cameroon, Kenya and Mozambique Led by Erasmus University Rotterdam Time-frame February 2015 – July 2017 STDF funding US$298,391 (total project value US$327,959)

KNOWLEDGE SOLUTIONS ON HOW SAFE WOOD PACKAGING SUPPORTS TRADE IN AFRICA

The safe trade gap Analysis showed that investment to support ISPM “We discovered 15 had no negative impact on the ability of the four the standard has As international trade flows intensify, wood pallets transporting goods are moving countries to trade. Three countries saw exports guidelines on more frequently across borders. At the same time pests, especially wood-boring increase as a result. In Kenya, coffee and tea exports insects, are spreading across countries in wood packaging material, which is having how companies increased by 39% after meeting the standard. a negative impact on forests and agriculture. The ISPM 15 standard has helped should carry out Costs for a wood packaging material treatment facility to lower the risk of pests, setting out guidelines for countries – from investing in activities, how our to meet the standard are high. However, the costs of treatments to a globally recognized ISPM 15 mark. However, exports from Africa inspectors have to not meeting the standard are higher in terms of loss and other developing countries face being rejected in international markets if work. We are going of exports, income, and the risk of pests. Treatment they do not meet the standard, and there is a big data gap on the costs, benefits to have access facilities are profitable for countries with enough and challenges involved. Practical solutions are needed to make sure that trade in to international production and export volume. goods transported on wood packaging material continues to flow and developing markets that we countries can access markets, driving economic growth. have not been Sustaining impact able to go through Partnership approach To sustain impact, African governments are encouraged to because we didn’t Bringing together the public and private sector on plant health and trade in take on board policy solutions identified under the project use the standard”. Botswana, Cameroon, Kenya and Mozambique, Erasmus University worked closely to meet ISPM 15. These include: Hendrick with National Plant Protection Organizations (NPPOs), customs, producers, wood Meeting the minimum requirements for export and Modiakgotla, packaging material facilities, exporters, and the IPPC Secretariat to gather the latest investing in import inspections for wood packaging data. Field visits helped to identify the costs and challenges faced by NPPOs and material. NPPO, Botswana business in meeting the standard. Avoiding over-prescriptive legislation, given future The initiative built on an earlier STDF project, led by the IPPC, with support from revisions to the standard and new wood treatment Canada, which resulted in a set of targeted training materials for developing methods. countries to help meet ISPM 15, and included a global training workshop with Requesting the African Union Inter-African Phyto- over 170 participants. sanitary Council to promote regional cooperation and training on ISPM 15. Results Increasing awareness of how different ISPM 15 The project provided hard evidence to policy-makers on the impact of investing treatments are equally effective, and that material only Find out more in ISPM 15 support. needs to be treated once (unless altered in some way). standardsfacility.org/ Improved knowledge tools on best practices for investing in ISPM 15 support Developing and using a checklist to audit wood PG-460 and were shared, including: country case studies, regional report, policy brief and packaging material treatment facilities and regulate standardsfacility.org/ a documentary. repair facilities. PG-037

40 41 ANIMAL HEALTH

Supporting farmers, processors, traders and governments to meet OIE standards, protect animals from diseases, and access global markets Beneficiary National veterinary authorities and beef value chain stakeholders in Tanzania Led by Royal Veterinary College Time-frame September 2016 – September 2017 STDF funding US$48,500 (total project value US$63,500)

SHAPING INVESTMENT SOLUTIONS TO DRIVE SAFE LIVESTOCK TRADE IN TANZANIA

The safe trade gap Results “The PPG in Rukwa Cattle are a store of wealth and social capital for many The study highlighted capacity gaps in national veterinary services, as well region was a major farmers in Tanzania where 70% of the poor rural population as with other actors in livestock value chains. It showed what needed to breakthrough after depend on livestock for their income and livelihoods. be addressed to effectively control and manage FMD, and the substantial past efforts to Tanzania has outstanding natural resources for livestock resources gap. It focused on economic aspects of disease control, as well as establish an FMD development, yet the sector is performing well below its practical factors including traceability and trade dynamics. free zone failed potential. Transboundary animal diseases like foot-and- The work improved government and private sector knowledge on how to mouth disease (FMD) have caused serious production to materialize. It refine the existing FMD control plan. With follow-up, this is expected to build losses in the country and blocked the trade of live animals detailed the potential trust across different stakeholders in the beef value chain to connect demand and animal products. Different options exist to control and and supply and to expand livestock production and trade. of this area, proposed manage FMD and to allow export of livestock and their The study’s findings and conclusions have been informing planning and by the Livestock products in line with OIE standards. In general, options authorities in resource allocation decisions in the veterinary authority. This includes how to are costly, and investments need to be balanced against exploit synergies across different animal disease control efforts, helping to get the country benefits. The government was keen to assess what impact more from the limited resources available. and identified setting up an FMD free zone would have in the country. key areas and corresponding costs Partnership approach Sustaining impact for a proposed The veterinary authority plans to use the study’s recommendations to develop The Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries Development project’’. a value chain approach to produce and market FMD safe beef, collaborating decided to focus on the Rukwa region. A feasibility study with commercial ranches. To take this forward, funding and expertise on Dr Joram E and cost-benefit analysis was led by the Royal Veterinary vaccines and logistical support is needed from development partners. Mghwira, Retired College of the UK, in close collaboration with national veterinary officer, veterinary authorities. Stakeholders in the beef value chain With strong local champions and adequate resources, the work will be able to catalyze new public-private partnerships to improve animal health and Tanzania were brought on board from different parts of government, the Tanzanian Meat Board, livestock cooperatives, agro- livestock production and trade. pastoralists, commercial ranch farmers as well as abattoir Key findings and recommendations from the study (and another STDF study owners. A study tour to Zambia opened up discussions in Zimbabwe), were presented at an STDF information session, attended by on how to improve cross-border collaboration. Topics over 100 delegates from the WTO SPS Committee in November 2017. By included veterinary quarantine and joint vaccination sharing the key findings more widely, veterinary officials in other developing Find out more programmes to facilitate safe livestock trade and better countries can also benefit from the work. standardsfacility.org/ control animal diseases, and how to manage livestock PPG-516 movements across the countries’ long, porous border.

44 45 Beneficiary Cattle industry in Costa Rica, including farmers and exporters Led by IICA Time-frame March 2009 – August 2011 STDF funding US$455,220 (total project value US$654,600)

TRACING THE BEEF VALUE CHAIN TO DRIVE SAFER TRADE AND EXPORTS FROM COSTA RICA

The safe trade gap Breeders, transporters, distributors, auctions and “Thanks to the enforcement authorities built up their knowledge project, Costa Rica From meat to dairy products, livestock is a vital source of nutrition for local on livestock traceability thanks to practical training has a mandatory consumers in Costa Rica and provides an important income for farmers who run sessions rolled out across the country and widely group traceability the 50,000 cattle farms nationwide. Infectious diseases can be a major barrier distributed guides, manuals, videos and leaflets. system in place to livestock production, limiting access to lucrative markets and impacting on Costa Rica gained credibility in international trade by consumer health. To manage the risk, any incident needs to be traced back to that controls the meeting SPS obligations and OIE recommendations. its origins to allow fast sanitary prevention and control. Costa Rican farmers and movement of There was a shorter response time to sanitary incidents exporters faced being cut out of the beef trade without a centralized information cattle nationwide. within 24 hours and a decrease in notification time to It has become an system and accurate data. A system was needed that would cover registration and the OIE of less than 24 hours following the project. identify animals along the value chain, from farm production to final trading, to important tool to Access to regional markets, such as Puerto Rico, Peru, open up export markets and guarantee consumer food safety. control animal and Chile and Mexico, was given a boost. New high value public health and opportunities for livestock trade sprang up in markets is being used as Partnership approach worldwide including Japan, Russia, Singapore and the EU. a model for other The National Animal Health Service (SENASA), hand in hand with IICA, helped to countries in the strengthen the National Epidemiological Surveillance Program, and plug the gaps Sustaining impact region". identified by experts from the OIE. Stakeholders across the beef value chain worked The project had positive spill-over effects including closely together with support from the private sector to develop a simple, low-cost expanding opportunities for public health surveillance Sacha Trelles, traceability system to control the movement of cattle. Public-private sector dialogue and animal welfare, as well as preventing cattle theft. IICA came to life through joint meetings and workshops. A Joint Regulatory Commission Government officials looking to address gaps in cattle theft was set up with members of the Livestock Development Corporation and SENASA, law set up an integrated regulatory framework that included and included ranchers, industry representatives, auctions, and regulators. The monitoring and traceability developed by the project. Canadian International Development Agency also provided training to stakeholders The results have been used as a stepping stone for a voluntary during the project. individual traceability programme launched in 2013, which is identifying individual animals across the country. Results The project set up a baseline that is being used to A national electronic cattle traceability system was set up. The system’s user- expand traceability in other products such as dairy, friendly software traces the origin of a group of animals step by step, from swine, fruits and seafood. As a model of good practice Find out more farms to auctions, slaughterhouses, transport and markets. Following the in the region, the system has been replicated in other standardsfacility.org/ project, 100% of animals in the country have a document of origin. countries including Bolivia, Ecuador, Peru and Honduras. PG-116

46 47 Beneficiary Animal health authorities in Belize, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua and Panama Led by OIRSA Time-frame May 2013 – October 2015 STDF funding US$488,330 (total project value US$574,330)

IMPROVING ANIMAL HEALTH LEGISLATION IN CENTRAL AMERICA TO OPEN UP MARKETS

The safe trade gap Results “Thanks to the In Central American countries, domestic animal health Current animal health regulations in each country were compiled, anda private sector’s laws often have not included secondary regulations that comparative analysis with international standards was carried out to identify active participation, target disease control. As a result, the region’s trade outstanding gaps. In addition, around 150 national health officials, legal legislation to control in animals and animal products was not recognized by advisors and private sector representatives took part in country missions to animal diseases is health authorities in overseas markets including the input into the project development. being approved. A US, Mexico and the EU. At the same time, few animal 46 legal texts were drafted, including proposals for national secondary health programmes existed at national level to control strategic alliance legislation on bovine brucellosis, bovine tuberculosis and Newcastle disease. or eradicate specific diseases and, where they did, they of the Associations This included developing procedural manuals on the diseases, setting out were often not in line with international OIE standards. actions to be followed at country level. of Milk Producers, Across Central America, recent evaluations carried out Around 50 officials from national ministries and international bodies (FAO, Brahman Cattle by OIE experts using the PVS Tool highlighted a lack of and Jersey Cattle OIE, OIRSA) took part in a regional seminar to develop secondary legislation control and eradication programmes, with field activities for national veterinary services. Over 30 local and international officials (FAO, Breeders, is ready to at country level being limited to monitoring diseases and OIE, OIRSA) were also trained and certified as focal points to support the OIE follow regulations, responding to emergency situations. on veterinary legislation issues going forward. with support of the Ministry Partnership approach of Agriculture, Sustaining impact The project led by OIRSA built strong connections across Livestock and Food”. The legal texts developed under the project will become mandatory Regional public-private sector stakeholders looking at veterinary Technical Regulations (following their review by the Central American Dr Nery Sandoval, and health legal instruments at the local, regional and Agricultural Council), helping to promote safe trade in the region. Bovine Health global level. Hands-on, participatory national workshops OIRSA is providing support and follow-up to the countries for approval and Programme, and training sessions were held with international and roll-out of the regulations and manuals. Follow-up national workshops have Guatemala regional bodies (including FAO, OIE and OIRSA), national Ministries of Agriculture and Livestock in the eight Central been held in the Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Guatemala and Honduras American countries as well as with local veterinary experts. to develop common regulatory criteria among veterinary services, producers and legal representatives. Missions were carried out in each country to bring on board animal health authorities, legal advisors and producers. As Strategic public-private alliances were formed between national governments a result, harmonized regulatory criteria were developed and producers supporting the sustainability of OIRSA’s Regional Programme Find out more for veterinary services, producers and regulators in each for Animal Health. standardsfacility.org/ country, which helped to improve communication and PG-358 coordination nationally and regionally.

48 49 Beneficiary Veterinary Services in Latin America and the Caribbean (and worldwide) Led by OIE Time-frame May 2004 – May 2006 STDF funding US$39,960

SHAPING KNOWLEDGE SOLUTIONS IN ANIMAL HEALTH WORLDWIDE: THE OIE PVS TOOL

The safe trade gap Sustaining impact The potential spread of infectious animal diseases, including zoonosis, poses a The development of the OIE PVS Tool demonstrates “PVS results made threat to global animal and public health, and could have a devastating impact on how a small STDF grant can have large scale impact. us aware of the the economic livelihoods of producers and exporters in developing countries. A By May 2017, 133 OIE PVS Evaluation missions had improvements that country’s ability to detect, control and eradicate animal diseases is often linked to been carried out worldwide. are needed within the quality of its Veterinary Services. With consumer demand and opportunities Building on the innovative OIE PVS Tool, other capacity our Veterinary for international trade in animal products increasing, there was a need for a building tools have been developed as part of the OIE Services in order common tool to evaluate the performance of national Veterinary Services against PVS Pathway. The OIE PVS Gap Analysis Tool leads to to build our staff internationally recognized standards. a detailed strategy using the PVS Evaluation baseline capacities”. of national livestock sector and veterinary priorities. Partnership approach Findings and recommendations then help to mobilize Dr Pudjiatmoko, The OIE PVS Tool was developed from inter-agency dialogue between the STDF, resources from government or donors. Ministry of the OIE, and IICA. STDF’s seed funding played a catalytic role in supporting this For more than a decade, the OIE PVS Pathway has Agriculture, dialogue. Today, the OIE PVS Tool is a widely recognized diagnostic instrument proven to help national Veterinary Services to develop Indonesia helping Veterinary Services worldwide to identify gaps in capacity and how to a systematic, sustainable approach to meet OIE comply with international OIE standards supported by development financing. international standards, including through veterinary As such, the OIE PVS Tool is essential, in both assessing veterinary capacity, and legislation, public-private partnerships, veterinary as a basis for promoting the quality of Veterinary Services through cooperation education, and laboratory programmes. Countries can between countries, international organisations and donors. also request PVS Evaluation Follow-up missions to measure their progress in meeting OIE standards. Results The OIE remains committed to deliver on the PVS Pathway. In April 2017, the OIE PVS Pathway Think STDF seed funding supported inter-agency dialogue, which led to the Tank Forum set out how OIE Members, partners development of the OIE Tool for the Evaluation of Performance of Veterinary and experts can continue working together on the Find out more Services (OIE PVS Tool). strategic evolution of the PVS Pathway and keep standardsfacility.org/ improving animal health and welfare worldwide. PG-014

50 51 CROSS- CUTTING SPS

Supporting public and private sector to strengthen SPS capacity by building collaboration, systems, skills and strategies Beneficiary African governments and other SPS stakeholders Led by AUC, in collaboration with João Magalhaes Time-frame October 2009 – August 2010 STDF funding US$30,000

COORDINATING REGIONAL SPS STRATEGIES TO ACCELERATE TRADE IN AFRICA

The safe trade gap Results “AUC values STDF’s Agriculture is of vital importance to Africa, playing a key The scoping study generated an assessment of the SPS roles and support to close role in intra-African trade and growth. For African farmers, responsibilities of the AUC and RECs. It set out key recommendations to Africa’s safe trade processors and traders, meeting international standards by improve SPS institutional capacity at continental and regional level. gap. The study fed putting in place SPS measures gets food and agricultural Awareness levels were increased among RECs on the importance of meeting into work to promote products across borders and into markets. From 2007, the WTO SPS Agreement, what this meant in terms of WTO Members’ rights agricultural trade Africa’s Regional Economic Communities (RECs) started to and responsibilities, including harmonization with international standards. competitiveness develop regional SPS frameworks and strategies to improve Based on the study’s recommendations, the AUC and a number of RECs in Africa. SPS management, accelerate regional integration and requested and obtained observer status in the SPS Committee. Recommendations boost trade. At the same time concerns were raised about and lessons potential duplication and inconsistency with the WTO Sustaining impact SPS Agreement. To avoid policy incoherence at a regional are informing and continental level, and help close the continent’s safe The AUC has increasingly taken on a leadership role in the SPS area, development of participating actively in the SPS Committee and building new partnerships trade gap, coordinated action was needed. an SPS policy with the private sector. framework for the Partnership approach The study’s findings and recommendations are being picked up. The study continent, and have highlighted the role of AU-IBAR and AU-IAPSC and an outstanding gap in catalyzed plans to The African Union Commission (AUC) asked for support the food safety area. As a result, the AUC is moving to set up an Africa- set up a new food to map the regional SPS frameworks and strategies, to wide food safety mechanism, looking at options and funding with donors and safety structure”. check coherence and how they measured up to the SPS development partners. Agreement. The STDF study took stock of existing and Diana Ogwal The EC-funded PAN-SPSO programme supported Africa’s national SPS planned SPS frameworks and strategies. The AUC and its Akullo, AUC committees linked to the study’s recommendations to make SPS coordination animal and plant health specialized bodies (Inter-African work better at national level. AU-IBAR is continuing this work to drive national Phytosanitary Council, AU-IAPSC and Inter-African coordination on SPS issues, helping countries to share best practice, lessons Bureau for Animal Resources, AU-IBAR), as well as RECs and experiences, for African governments to voice their concerns in the SPS continent-wide, were closely involved. They were joined Committee. by the WTO and international standard-setting bodies (Codex, IPPC and OIE), donors and development partners. Find out more In moving forward, the analysis built on a 2009 AUC high- standardsfacility.org/ level conference, “Institutionalizing SPS Capacity in Africa”, PPG-305 under the EU’s Better Training for Safer Food programme.

54 55 PARTNERSHIPS PROMOTE GINGER EXPORTS AND RURAL INCOMES IN NEPAL

The safe trade gap Results Ginger is a treasured cash crop for small- Post-harvest losses dropped by 30%. The farm gate “Our women’s scale farmers, many of them women, in price for fresh ginger increased, profit margins rose group produces a remote mountain areas of Nepal with and farmers saw their incomes grow by more than truckload of ginger. few income-generating opportunities. 60%. Ginger farming has However, farmers struggled with low Close to 2,000 farmers – most of them women – were supported us to yields and pests and diseases, and post- trained on GAPs, post-harvest handling and improved save for the future harvest losses as high as 90%. At the techniques to control pests and diseases. of our children. same time, demonstrating the safety and Promotion of GAPs lowered pesticide use and Field schools helped quality of production was a challenge. reduced residues. A new system for farm inventory Most fresh ginger was sold unwashed us reduce losses management, certification and traceability has raised to India at low prices, via informal and increase our confidence about food safety. channels. Farmers and traders had no incomes. Now with way to add value to their products. As A new ginger washing facility supports up to 8,000 the washing plant, a result, they were unable to access ginger-producing households, with the creation of we are so happy”. higher-value markets in Bangladesh, 200 seasonal jobs. Europe, Japan and the Middle East. Local cooperatives grew stronger and new farmer Chandra Kala Rai, groups started up. The NGPTA set up new district Ginger Cooperative Partnership approach chapters. Female Group, Government reached out to trading partners to find Nepal Public and private sector came together solutions to SPS challenges affecting ginger exports. to revitalize and add value in the ginger Washed ginger is now being exported to Bangladesh value chain, and address food safety and India. and phytosanitary challenges, with support from the STDF and the EIF. Strong partnerships were built with Sustaining impact Beneficiary local authorities, ginger producers and Most farmer field schools continue to operate with Ginger farmers and other value traders. Farmer field schools boosted their own resources. Demonstration plots have chain stakeholders in Nepal practical knowledge and skills on become seed resource centres, with higher-quality Led by Good Agricultural Practices (GAPs) and planting materials available. FAO with the Ministry of post-harvest handling. Demonstration Training materials are being used by government Agricultural Development, plots showed how new methods and extension services and by programmes run by the Ministry of Commerce and techniques could be used to improve Supply, the Federation of NGPTA and NGOs, reaching more farmers. productivity and manage pests and Nepalese Chambers of Public and private sector are working together to Commerce and Industry diseases. Training of trainers scaled up operate the ginger washing facility. Income generated and the NGPTA the knowledge shared. Drama, video and goes into a trust fund that will benefit local Time-frame visual aids increased uptake of messages June 2012 – September 2015 in communities with low literacy levels. communities. STDF funding Farmers and cooperatives worked with Options exist to share training materials nationwide US$462,144 (total project the Nepal Ginger Producers Traders and to use the project to leverage investments to Find out more value US$1,262,144) Association (NGPTA) to add value to promote agribusiness development. standardsfacility.org/ ginger and increase productivity. PG-329

56 57 Beneficiary Farmers and other stakeholders involved in fruit and vegetable value chains in Sri Lanka Led by ITC Time-frame March 2013 – June 2016 STDF funding US$629,982 (total project value US$826,096)

SAFER FRUIT AND VEGETABLE EXPORTS SECURE LIVELIHOODS IN SRI LANKA

The safe trade gap Results “Exports could Fruits and vegetables have a high export value in global 40 training programmes were organized for over 900 stakeholders on Good be “pushed up markets and Sri Lanka has a strong potential to cultivate Agricultural Practices and SPS topics including pest and disease prevention. exponentially” crops, such as mango, papaya, pineapple, green chilli Strong coordination between public and private sector across value chains if small-holder and tomato. Farmers, processors and traders in remote helped to tackle export challenges, improve inspections, reduce the number farmers are trained producing areas of the country, including many women and of notifications of interceptions in the EU and develop an up-to-date pest list. in proper growing young people, were being held back from domestic and Benefits reached the private sector. Nidro Supply Ltd. (one of largest fruit protocols that export markets by not managing to meet SPS measures. and vegetable exporters working with small-holder farmers) now follows meet international That was putting a break on Sri Lanka’s employment protocols set out under the project. standards. Success opportunities, farmers and exporters’ income and the A national farmer-friendly standard on Good Agricultural Practices was potential for better nutrition and domestic health with safe will depend on launched by the Department of Agriculture, with project farmers included in produce for local and international consumers. Tackling training farmers the certification process. gaps in safety and quality across fruit and vegetable value working with one-half Fruit and vegetable farmers and exporters reported improved market chains was a priority. or one acre. They opportunities. The volume of quality fruits and vegetables for export increased need to participate from 25 to 50%, and rejections of selected fruits and vegetables due to SPS Partnership approach in a quality and issues fell by at least 20%. food safety training Building and sustaining the capacity of the public and programme”. private sector to meet quality and international food safety Sustaining impact and plant health standards, across fruit and vegetable Dawn Austin, Nidro Two study tours were held for government officials, farmers and exporters value chains, was at the heart of the project led by ITC. to Italy and Thailand to show developments and linkages in the value chain Supply Ltd., Close government and business collaboration brought and provide new business opportunities. As a result, a number of European Sri Lanka together the Department of Agriculture with the private companies are showing interest in building trading relationships with Sri sector, including the Ceylon Chamber of Commerce, the Lankan farmers and exporters. Lanka Fruit and Vegetable Producers, Processors, and The Department of Agriculture included SPS topics in its training modules, Exporters Association, the National Agribusiness Council reaching over 1,200 officers. Going forward, more officers will be trained in and the Sri Lanka Export Development Board. Targeted the new curriculum, sharing the latest knowledge on SPS even further. SPS training and capacity building programmes were run Find out more for the Department of Agriculture and over 200 master standardsfacility.org/ trainers, field level trainers, and field level extension PG-354 officers who, in turn, are training farmers.

58 59 Beneficiary Public and private sector in Belize Led by BAHA Time-frame January – September 2012 STDF funding US$30,000

SUPPORTING SPS INVESTMENT PRIORITIES FOR BETTER MARKET ACCESS IN BELIZE

The safe trade gap Belize, as is the case for many developing countries, faced multiple demands Based on data collection and analysis, previous cost “Using P-IMA to make sure the country’s food and agricultural products were able to access estimates on SPS investments were updated so that demonstrated the external markets. Figuring out where to allocate resources for SPS capacity resources could be used more efficiently. expected returns building was far from straightforward. The list of needs was long, while available Dialogue and trust between the public and private on different SPS resources were limited. Hard choices needed to be made between competing sector was strengthened, leading to greater buy-in for investments, investments, which would benefit the country’s trade, agricultural productivity SPS investment decisions and follow-up. providing useful and health protection longer-term. The government needed to find a wayto P-IMA improved understanding around, and support evidence to improve the economic efficiency of SPS investment decisions, and make funding for, BAHA’s role as a regulatory agency to gain and convince policy- decisions more transparent, accountable and inclusive. maintain market access for the country’s agri-food makers of the products. Partnership approach need for additional investments. The Belize Agricultural Health Authority (BAHA) turned to STDF’s framework on Sustaining impact P-IMA affirmed Prioritizing SPS Investments for Market Access (P-IMA) to inform and improve Government’s the SPS decision-making process. BAHA reached out to public and private BAHA continues to use P-IMA to inform decision- decision and sector stakeholders, building on strong relationships with government agencies, making and mobilize resources, from strengthening a producers, processors, exporters, industry groups and academia. Stakeholder food microbiology laboratory to addressing capacity support for new workshops helped to identify the range of SPS investment options in the country, gaps in the poultry sector. investments to as well as the decision criteria and weights to be used to set the priorities. BAHA is exploring how to use P-IMA in rolling out its improve animal The participatory process was both transparent and inclusive. All the data and strategic plan and organizational reform. The P-IMA health controls information used was documented so the findings could be tracked, scrutinized experience has been shared with SPS stakeholders for live cattle to and verified. At the same time, the initiative built on earlier efforts bySTDF in the region and beyond, further scaling-up the facilitate exports partners to evaluate veterinary and phytosanitary capacity building needs. approach. to Mexico". Other government institutions have successfully Delilah Cabb, Results applied P-IMA. This includes the Belize Trade and BAHA P-IMA provided hard evidence to policy-makers on the trade-related impacts of Investment Development Service in prioritizing investing in SPS capacity building. support for micro, small and medium-sized enterprises and the Ministry of Natural Resources and Agriculture Find out more Government allocated new funding for a project to improve animal health in prioritizing programmes on nutrition, food security controls and facilitate live cattle exports, leveraging co-financing from the and foreign exchange earnings. standardsfacility.org/ private sector, regional organizations and donors. PG-365

60 61 Beneficiary Small-holder farmers in Nicaragua Led by IICA, with the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Ministry of Development, Industry and Trade and the National Agrarian University Time-frame June 2010 – December 2012 STDF funding US$560,994 (total project value US$764,644)

MEETING STANDARDS TO DRIVE AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS FROM NICARAGUA

The safe trade gap Results “Through Good Nicaragua’s farmers were at risk of losing their Improved training on international standards raised farmers’ knowledge levels, Agricultural opportunities to export to markets in Central America, leading to more certified farms, price increases and better access to export Practices, small the US and EU due to a lack of awareness and know- markets. For instance: how on how to meet international SPS measures. Small- producers positioned Technical training on Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) and Good scale farmers and the communities most dependent on themselves in Manufacturing Practices (GMP) reached nearly 6,350 farmers and producers agriculture for sustaining their livelihoods were among the national and (30% of them women) at over 275 events. most vulnerable. They needed to meet standards and get international their farms certified, which in turn would help to protect Thanks to the project, the number of GAP-certified farms rose to 125, from markets, improved the supply chain and give domestic and international less than three. Incomes for small producers increased as a result of complying family income buyers assurances on food safety for the end consumer. with SPS standards, helping to tackle poverty in local communities. and the ability Trade volumes of sesame seeds saw a 48.5% growth in volume and 16.5% to invest in their Partnership approach increase in price between 2013-2015. farms. This created Strong public-private sector cooperation and coordination Manuals were developed and training on standards reached 35 national a virtuous circle of was a driving force in raising awareness and running a experts in the field, HACCP training on food safety was held with 25 officials, sustainability and hands-on SPS training service for local producers. With and 1,000+ students were trained. production growth. IICA’s support, government ministries, the General Producers are now Directorate of Plant and Animal Health and the National Sustaining impact investing in other Accreditation Office joined forces with private sector An independent evaluation in 2016 found that “incomes for small producers crops for export”. partners, including Walmart, and NGOs. SPS training units increased as a consequence of complying with SPS requirements”. The project were set up to run training for farmer groups with practical Mauricio Carcache, was “significantly impacting local and export markets” and “helped to alleviate manuals and user-friendly resources such as leaflets and IICA Nicaragua poverty for farmer beneficiaries and their communities”. videos. Farmers were engaged through highly participatory sessions, based on a “learning by doing” approach and the The impact is expanding to other crops, with the number of certified farms of use of 35 demonstration plots nationwide. pithaya rising from 20 to 60 in 2015 and farmers being able to export to the US market, thanks to knowledge built up under the project. Find out more With GAP-related subjects forming a regular part of the curriculum of local standardsfacility.org/ universities, over 700 students have since been trained, which in turn is PG-155 supporting a robust food production system nationwide.

62 63 Beneficiary 28 governments and SPS stakeholders across Latin America and the Caribbean Led by IICA Time-frame October 2007 – July 2010 STDF funding US$575,588 (total project value US$659,588)

BUILDING SPS CAPACITY AND COOPERATION ACROSS LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN

The safe trade gap The WTO SPS Agreement sets out the basic rules on food safety, animal and Workshops on SPS awareness and standard-setting “The project impact plant health requirements and trade. SPS measures have an important impact processes, as well as risk analysis, reached 400+ was significant. on agricultural production, trade and market access. For many developing participants, including high-level decision makers in Information countries across Latin America and the Caribbean, limited institutional capacity Ministries of Agriculture and Health, and technical generated continues and awareness of key SPS concerns meant they were missing out on meetings specialists. to be used to of relevant international standard setting bodies and the WTO SPS Committee. Knowledge tools were developed and shared including advance SPS areas at A lack of financial resources also prevented countries from getting involved. Handbooks with tips on participation in international national and regional Across the region, countries faced barriers to trade agri-food products if they SPS fora, management of national Codex Committees, level. Thanks to could not develop and adopt international standards, engage with international and how to submit SPS notifications. counterparts on SPS issues and make their voices heard at the global level. awareness-raising, countries received Sustaining impact Partnership approach government support Stronger regional coordination: regional SPS agendas to establish SPS Close collaboration among public, private and regional partners throughout the guided technical cooperation during the project. Now, Enquiry Points and, project, led by IICA, helped to develop a common and shared vision among SPS improved coordination is helping countries to work in Jamaica and stakeholders in the 28 countries. At the national level, public and private sector jointly on common SPS issues across the region. Trinidad and Tobago, stakeholders worked together to collect country-specific SPS information, which fed into the development of national SPS agendas. Building on the common Institutional sustainability: following the project, Pest Risk Analysis areas found in national SPS agendas, and drawing on work done by regional national institutions are effectively participating, Units". organizations, four regional SPS agendas were also developed. As a result of the monitoring and responding to issues, demands and Carol Thomas, project, IICA was able to support countries across the region to be empowered opportunities in the WTO SPS Committee. Countries former Chief, Plant and actively participate in the WTO SPS Committee. including Belize, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Honduras, Paraguay and Peru continue to be active in Quarantine, Jamaica Results the Committee thanks to the project support. South-South spill-over impact: African participation 26 countries developed national SPS agendas, with guidelines setting institutional in the SPS Committee was given a boost thanks to priorities and cooperation with international organizations and donors. an update of IICA’s Handbooks developed under the Four regional SPS agendas (Caribbean, Central, Andean and Southern) were project. Facilitated by STDF, the Handbooks were developed based on common areas in countries’ national SPS agendas. tailored to the African context and introduced at 24 countries effectively applied IICA’s “Performance, Vision and Strategy for African Union-led regional workshops in 2014. Find out more National SPS Systems (PVS-SPS) Tool” to evaluate the development of SPS standardsfacility.org/ systems and the impact on investments. PG-108

64 65 A GLOBAL PARTNERSHIP TO FACILITATE SAFE TRADE

FOUNDING PARTNERS DEVELOPING COUNTRY EXPERTS PROJECT STDF’S Over 30 experts on food safety, animal and plant PARTNERS FROM WIDER health and trade from more than 28 countries in THE PUBLIC AND NETWORK Africa, Asia and the Pacific, Latin America and PRIVATE SECTOR Includes: the Caribbean n Developing country ADB government agencies AfDB n Regional and Including: CODEX Codex Alimentarius IPPC International Plant Protection international APEC Commission Secretariat Convention Secretariat organizations ASEAN n NGOs AU-IAPSC OTHER PARTNERS n Universities and AU-IBAR AUC African Union research institutes BTSF Commission n Industry associations CAADP CABI Centre for n Private sector Agriculture and Biosciences CARICOM companies International CBD COLEACP Europe-Africa- FIND OUTOUT MOREMORE ABOUT ABOUT STDF’S STDF’S DONORS CITES Caribbean-Pacific Liaison WORK AND GETGET INVOLVEDINVOLVED Committee Government agencies COMESA Access SPS informationinformation and and tools tools at for agriculture, EIF Enhanced Integrated COSAVE atwww.standardsfacility.org www.standardsfacility.org development, food, Framework EAC foreign affairs and GFSI Global Food Safety ECOWAS Share experiences trade in: Initiative and lessons atat Australia FIA IICA Inter-American STDF’s Working Group STDF’s Working Group Canada GDPRD Institute for Cooperation on Agriculture Denmark ICCO ITC International European Commission ICTSD Trade Centre Finland IDB OECD Organisation for France IFPRI Economic Co-operation Browse SPS resourcesresources IGAD and Development in thethe onlineonline LibrarLibraryy Germany ILRI OIRSA Organismo Ireland Internacional Regional Italy PACA de Sanidad Agropecuaria Japan PAHO SSAFE Safe Supply The Netherlands PHAMA of Affordable Food Everywhere Sign up forfor updatesupdates Norway PIFS UNCTAD United Nations through STDF’s e-newse-news Sweden SAARC Conference on Trade and Switzerland SADC Development Chinese Taipei* SPC UNIDO United Nations United Kingdom UN DESA Industrial Development View good UNDP Organization practice films films on on United States STDF’s YouTubeYouTube UNECE channel UNESCAP * Chinese Taipei is a WTO Member in application of Article XII of the Marrakesh WAEMU Agreement (1994). WTO membership has no implication regarding the sovereignty of the Member pursuant to WCO [email protected] www.standardsfacility.orgwww.standardsfacility.org international law.

66 67 GLOSSARY

ADB Asian Development Bank ISPM 15 Regulation of wood packaging material in international trade AFD Agence Française de Développement ITC International Trade Centre AfDB African Development Bank KEPHIS Kenya Plant Health Inspectorate Services ANSSA Agence Nationale de la Sécurité Sanitaire des Aliments LDCs Least Developed Countries APEC Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation MAPAC Malawi Programme for Aflatoxin Control ASEAN Association of Southeast Asian Nations MRL Maximum Residue Limits African Union Commission AUC MSU Michigan State University AU-IAPSC African Union Inter-African Phytosanitary Council NEPC Nigeria Export Promotion Council AU-IBAR African Union Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources NGOs Non-governmental organizations AUMN Association des Unions Maraichères des Niayes NGPTA Nepal Ginger Producers and Traders Association BAHA Belize Agricultural Health Authority BTSF Better Training for Safer Food NPPO National Plant Protection Organization CAADP Comprehensive Africa Agriculture Development Programme OECD Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development CABI Centre for Agriculture and Biosciences International OIE World Organisation for Animal Health CARICOM Caribbean Community OIRSA Organismo Internacional Regional de Sanidad Agropecuaria CBD Convention on Biological Diversity OLICs Other Low Income Countries CIRAD French agricultural research and international cooperation organization PACA Partnership for Aflatoxin Control in Africa CITES Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild PAHO Pan American Health Organization Fauna and Flora PAN-SPSO Participation of African Nations in the Sanitary and COLEACP Europe-Africa-Caribbean-Pacific-Liaison Committee Phytosanitary standard setting COMESA Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa PG Project Grant COPE Centre of Phytosanitary Excellence PHAMA Pacific Horticultural and Agricultural Market Access Program West and Central African Council for Agricultural Research and CORAF/WECARD PIFS Pacific Islands Forum Development P-IMA Prioritizing SPS Investments for Market Access COSAVE Comité Regional de Sanidad Vegetal del Cono Sur PPG Project Preparation Grant EAC East African Community ECOWAS Economic Community of West African States PVS Evaluation of Performance of Veterinary Services EIF Enhanced Integrated Framework RECs Regional Economic Communities EU European Union SAARC South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation FAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations SADC Southern Africa Development Community FIA Food Industry Asia SPC Pacific Community FMD Foot-and-Mouth Disease SPS Sanitary and phytosanitary GAP Good Agricultural Practices SSAFE Safe Supply of Affordable Food Everywhere GDPRD Global Donor Platform for Rural Development STDF Standards and Trade Development Facility GFSI Global Food Safety Initiative UN United Nations GMP Good Manufacturing Practices UNCTAD United Nations Conference on Trade and Development HACCP Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point UN DESA United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs IADB Inter-American Development Bank UNDP United Nations Development Programme ICCO International Cocoa Organization UNECE United Nations Economic Commission for Europe ICRISAT International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics UNESCAP United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific ICTSD International Centre for Trade and Sustainable Development UNIDO United Nations Industrial Development Organization IDB Islamic Development Bank IFIF International Feed Industry Federation US United States IFPRI International Food Policy Research Institute USDA United States Department of Agriculture IGAD Intergovernmental Authority on Development WAEMU West African Economic and Monetary Union IICA Inter-American Institute for Cooperation on Agriculture WBG World Bank Group IITA International Institute of Tropical Agriculture WCO World Customs Organization ILRI International Livestock Research Institute WHO World Health Organization IPPC International Plant Protection Convention WTO World Trade Organization

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