Standards for Hospital Accreditation
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1910-1919 The Joint Commission: 1920-1929 1950-1959 1960-1969 Over a century of quality and safety 1970-1979 1980-1989 1990-1999 2000-2009 2010-2018 Home 1 © 2018 The Joint Commission. All Rights Reserved. 1910-1913 1910-1919 Ernest Codman, M.D. proposes the 1920-1929 “end result system of hospital 1950-1959 ⎻ standardization.” 1960-1969 1970-1979 American College of Surgeons is 1980-1989 founded. The “end result” system 1990-1999 ⎻ 2000-2009 becomes an ACS objective. 2010-2018 Home 2 © 2018 The Joint Commission. All Rights Reserved. 1917-1918 1910-1919 The American College of 1920-1929 Surgeons develops the 1950-1959 ⎻ Minimum Standard for 1960-1969 1970-1979 Hospitals. Requirements fill 1980-1989 one page. 1990-1999 2000-2009 The ACS begins on-site 2010-2018 inspections of hospitals. Home ⎻ 3 © 2018 The Joint Commission. All Rights Reserved. 1926 1910-1919 1920-1929 The first standards manual is 1950-1959 printed, consisting of 18 pages. 1960-1969 1970-1979 1980-1989 1990-1999 2000-2009 The American College of Surgeons made the three-story 2010-2018 former residence shown opposite, on Chicago’s rapidly growing north side, its headquarters in 1920. Home 4 © 2018 The Joint Commission. All Rights Reserved. 1910-1919 1950-1951 1920-1929 1950-1959 1960-1969 The American College of Physicians, the 1970-1979 American Hospital Association, the 1980-1989 ⎻ 1990-1999 American Medical Association, and the 2000-2009 Canadian Medical Association join with 2010-2018 the ACS as corporate members to create Home the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Hospitals (JCAH), an independent, not-for-profit organization, in Chicago, Illinois, whose primary purpose is to provide voluntary accreditation. 5 © 2018 The Joint Commission. All Rights Reserved. 1952 The American College of 1910-1919 1920-1929 Surgeons officially transfers its 1950-1959 ⎻ Hospital Standardization 1960-1969 Program to JCAH, which begins 1970-1979 1980-1989 offering accreditation to 1990-1999 hospitals in January 1953. 2000-2009 2010-2018 Edwin L. Crosby, M.D., Home becomes the first director of the ⎻ Joint Commission on Accreditation of Hospitals. 6 © 2018 The Joint Commission. All Rights Reserved. 1953-1959 1910-1919 1920-1929 – JCAH publishes Standards for 1950-1959 1960-1969 Hospital Accreditation. 1970-1979 – Kenneth Babcock, M.D., becomes 1980-1989 1990-1999 director of JCAH. 2000-2009 2010-2018 Home 7 © 2018 The Joint Commission. All Rights Reserved. 1964-1965 1910-1919 The Joint Commission on 1920-1929 Accreditation of Hospitals begins 1950-1959 ⎻ 1960-1969 charging for surveys. 1970-1979 Congress passes the Social Security 1980-1989 1990-1999 Amendments of 1965 with a provision 2000-2009 ⎻ that hospitals accredited by JCAH are 2010-2018 “deemed” to be in compliance with Home most of the Medicare Conditions of Participation for hospitals and, thus, able to participate in the Medicare and Medicaid programs. John D. Porterfield III, M.D., becomes director of the JCAH. ⎻ 8 © 2018 The Joint Commission. All Rights Reserved. 1966-1969 1910-1919 1920-1929 Long term care accreditation begins. 1950-1959 1960-1969 JCAH establishes four accreditation ⎻ 1970-1979 councils to develop standards and survey 1980-1989 ⎻ accreditation procedures. 1990-1999 2000-2009 2010-2018 Home 9 © 2018 The Joint Commission. All Rights Reserved. 1910-1919 1970 1920-1929 1950-1959 1960-1969 The Accreditation Council for Psychiatric 1970-1979 Facilities is established and accreditation 1980-1989 ⎻ for psychiatric facilities, substance abuse 1990-1999 2000-2009 programs and community mental health 2010-2018 programs begins. Home Accreditation for hospitals and long term care facilities is reduced to a maximum of ⎻ two years from three years. 10 © 2018 The Joint Commission. All Rights Reserved. 1971-1972 1910-1919 1920-1929 The Accreditation Council for Long 1950-1959 1960-1969 Term Care is established. 1970-1979 ⎻ 1980-1989 The Social Security Act is amended to 1990-1999 require that the Secretary of the U.S. 2000-2009 ⎻ Department of Health and Human 2010-2018 Services (DHHS) validate JCAH Home findings. The first issue of Perspectives on Accreditation is published. ⎻ 11 © 2018 The Joint Commission. All Rights Reserved. 1975-1977 1910-1919 1920-1929 The Accreditation Council for 1950-1959 1960-1969 Ambulatory Health Care is 1970-1979 ⎻ established and accreditation for 1980-1989 ambulatory health care facilities 1990-1999 2000-2009 begins. 2010-2018 John E. Affeldt, M.D., becomes Home president of the JCAH. ⎻ 12 © 2018 The Joint Commission. All Rights Reserved. 1978-1979 1910-1919 1920-1929 1950-1959 JCAH establishes an agreement with the 1960-1969 College of American Pathologists to recognize 1970-1979 ⎻ 1980-1989 CAP accreditation of a laboratory in a JCAH- 1990-1999 accredited hospital in lieu of the 2000-2009 Commission’s accreditation of the laboratory. 2010-2018 Home The American Dental Association (ADA) becomes a JCAH corporate member. ⎻ A Professional and Technical Advisory Committee is established for each ⎻ accreditation program, and the Accreditation Councils are disbanded. 13 © 2018 The Joint Commission. All Rights Reserved. 1910-1919 1982-1983 1920-1929 1950-1959 1960-1969 The accreditation cycle is changed from two 1970-1979 years to three years for hospitals, psychiatric 1980-1989 ⎻ facilities, alcoholism and substance abuse 1990-1999 2000-2009 programs, community mental health centers, 2010-2018 and long term care organizations. Home Accreditation for hospice care organizations begins. (Folded into the Home Care ⎻ Accreditation program in 1990.) 14 © 2018 The Joint Commission. All Rights Reserved. 1910-1919 1986 1920-1929 1950-1959 Quality Healthcare 1960-1969 Resources® (QHR), Inc. is 1970-1979 ⎻ 1980-1989 formed as a not-for-profit 1990-1999 consulting subsidiary of 2000-2009 JCAH. (QHR later becomes 2010-2018 Home Joint Commission Resources.) Dennis S. O’Leary, M.D., becomes president of the ⎻ JCAH. 15 © 2018 The Joint Commission. All Rights Reserved. 1987-1989 1910-1919 1920-1929 The organization name changes to the Joint Commission 1950-1959 1960-1969 on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations to reflect an 1970-1979 ⎻ expanded scope of activities. 1980-1989 1990-1999 The Agenda for Change is launched, placing the primary 2000-2009 emphasis of the accreditation process on actual 2010-2018 ⎻ organization performance. Home Development of the Indicator Measurement System® (IMSystem ®) – an indicator-based performance ⎻ monitoring system – gets underway. Accreditation for home care organizations and managed care begins. (Managed care is folded into the Ambulatory ⎻ Care Accreditation program in 1990). 16 © 2018 The Joint Commission. All Rights Reserved. 1990 1910-1919 1920-1929 1950-1959 The Joint Commission Headquarters and 1960-1969 Conference Center opens in Oakbrook Terrace, 1970-1979 1980-1989 Illinois, about 20 miles west of downtown Chicago. 1990-1999 2000-2009 2010-2018 Home 17 © 2018 The Joint Commission. All Rights Reserved. 1992-1993 1910-1919 1920-1929 1950-1959 The Joint Commission issues a standard 1960-1969 requiring all accredited hospitals to have a 1970-1979 ⎻ policy prohibiting smoking in the hospital. 1980-1989 1990-1999 The number and nature of confirmed 2000-2009 substantive complaints filed against 2010-2018 Home ⎻ accredited facilities and the existence of type I recommendations becomes public information. The federal government announces that home health agencies accredited by the Joint ⎻ Commission after an unannounced survey will be “deemed” to meet the Medicare Conditions of Participation. 18 © 2018 The Joint Commission. All Rights Reserved. 1994 1910-1919 1920-1929 The first organization-specific performance 1950-1959 1960-1969 reports are released to the public. 1970-1979 ⎻ A new survey process is implemented that 1980-1989 1990-1999 uses a systemwide, cross-department 2000-2009 ⎻ orientation. 2010-2018 Home Quality Healthcare Resources, Inc.® and the Joint Commission form Joint Commission ⎻ International to provide education and consulting services to international clients. 19 © 2018 The Joint Commission. All Rights Reserved. 1910-1919 1995 1920-1929 1950-1959 The federal government recognizes Joint 1960-1969 Commission laboratory accreditation services 1970-1979 ⎻ 1980-1989 as meeting the requirements for Clinical 1990-1999 Laboratory Amendments of 1988 (CLIA) 2000-2009 certification. 2010-2018 Home As part of an Action Plan, the Joint Commission launches the Orion Project in ⎻ Pennsylvania and Arizona as a series of experiments designed to test innovations to improve the delivery of accreditation services. Accreditation for freestanding laboratories begins. ⎻ 20 © 2018 The Joint Commission. All Rights Reserved. 1996 1910-1919 1920-1929 The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid 1950-1959 Services announces that ambulatory 1960-1969 1970-1979 ⎻ surgical centers accredited by the Joint 1980-1989 Commission will be “deemed” as 1990-1999 meeting or exceeding Medicare 2000-2009 2010-2018 certification requirements. Home The Sentinel Event Policy is established. ⎻ The Joint Commission launches its website at www.jcaho.org (now ⎻ www.jointcommission.org). 21 © 2018 The Joint Commission. All Rights Reserved. 1997 1910-1919 1920-1929 The Joint Commission launches 1950-1959 ® 1960-1969 ORYX : The Next Evolution in 1970-1979 ⎻ Accreditation™. 1980-1989 1990-1999 ® Quality Check becomes available 2000-2009 on the Joint Commission website. 2010-2018 ⎻ Home 22 © 2018 The Joint Commission. All Rights Reserved. 1998 1910-1919 The Sentinel Event Policy is revised