Presentation For Technical Seminar National Geoscience Awards -2013
Abhay Kumar Singh Environmental Management Group CSIR- Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research (Council of Scientific & Industrial Research) Barwa Road, Dhanbad – 826 015 High Altitude Stream/Glacier Meltwater
Major Objectives Major ion chemistry. Spatial, seasonal and diurnal variation in dissolved and suspended load. Weathering and solute acquisition processes. Factors controlling solute chemistry. Mass transfer and erosion rate Low Altitude River Basin and Reservoirs Environmental Geochemistry: 100000 Ground water Surface water Evaporation Damodar River Basin and its Reservoirs Mine water ) l
Chhoti Gandak River Basin / 10000 g m
Mahi River Basin (
d i l
Subarnarekha River o S
1000 Son River d e v o l
Major Objectives o s
s Rock Weathering i
Major ion & trace element geochemistry D 100
l a Spatial and temporal variation t o
Solute acquisition processes T Source of contaminants 10 Factors controlling solute chemistry Water quality assessment Precipitation Elemental fluxes and erosion rate 1 Source of the dissolved ions: 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 Na/(Na+Ca) •Weathering Weathering: •Atmospheric Carbonate weathering •Anthropogenic Silicate weathering Coupled and/or Sulphide Oxidation Groundwater Geochemistry and Quality Assessment Major Objectives Varanasi City, UP Naini Industrial Area, UP Major and Trace Elemental Chemistry Deoria District, UP Spatial and temporal variation in Jhansi District, UP elemental concentrations. Pratapgarh District , UP Source evaluation of the contaminants. Jaunpur District, UP Quality assessment for domestic, Dumka-Jamtara District, Jharkhand industrial and irrigation uses. Daltonganj District, Jharkhand Deogarh District, Jharkhand Remedial measures for water resource Raniganj and Jharia Coalfields management. Damodar and Subarnarekha Basin “National Aquifer Mapping of NCR Region Delhi-NCT, Baghpat Meerut Ghaziabad Gautam Budh Nagar Bulandashahr Faridabad Gurgaon Rewari Rohtak Sonipat Panipat Atmospheric Chemistry Major ion chemistry of rain water. Seasonal and spatial variation in dissolved ions. Occurrences and causes of acidic events. Source and mechanism controlling rain water chemistry. Air quality status over Dhanbad-Bokaro region Wet and dry deposition of pollutants. Source of elements in atmospheric particulates. Atmospheric contribution and control over the aquatic chemistry of the region. Sediment Geochemistry Sediment geochemistry: Elemental geochemistry of soil, sediment and dust Spatial variations in metal concentrations Granulometric control over metal distribution Geochemical partitioning of heavy metals Enrichment factor and metal pollution assessment Damodar River Basin Subarnarekha River Basin Road dust of Dhanbad and Bokaro region. Elemental geochemistry of free dust fall
3.0 Bulk <63 µm 2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0 Concentration (%) Concentration
0.5
0.0 R-1 R-2 R-5 R-6 R-7 R-8 R-9 R-12 Mine Water Geochemistry Mine Water Chemistry:
Jharia coalfields Raniganj Coalfields West & East Bokaro Coalfields North & South Karanpura Coalfields Ramgarh Coalfields Korba Coalfields Major Objectives :
Major and trace element chemistry. Seasonal and spatial variations in contaminant concentrations. Source and mechanism controlling mine water chemistry. Quality assessment of mine water for domestic and irrigation uses. Quantitative assessment of elemental fluxes. Barakar Formation Barakar Formation F Na K NO3 Cl 2% 1% 10% 12% Ca 1% HCO3 35% 32%
SO4 56% Mg 51% Raniganj Formation
Raniganj Formation SO4 NO3 F Cl 1% 1% 19% K Ca 14% 1% 12% HCO3 Mg 65% 23%
Na 64% Mine Water Mine Water Discharge From Mine Water Reclamation Technology BCCL Mines Area No. of GPM CSIR XI Five Year Plan Project “Development of Cost Effective Mine Water Reclamation Pumps Technology for Providing Safe Drinking Water” Barora 30 37500 Block II 17 12400 Govindpur 46 24000 Katras 62 42545 Sijua 43 24025 Kusunda 25 14400 Pootkee-Balihari 55 40200 Kustore 33 25900 Bastacola 30 17000 Lodna 54 39150 Major Objectives: E.Jharia 46 29600 Quantitative and qualitative database generation. CV 25 12700 Identification of undesirable constituents. WJ (Mahuda) 21 16300 Development of mine water reclamation technology. Translation of technology to pilot plant scale. WJ (Moonidih) 4 4400 Up-scaling the pilot plant. Total 491 340120 Technology transfer to mining industry. GPM= Gallon Per Minute Damodar-Koel Valley
W. Bokaro E. Bokaro N. Karanpura Daltonganj
Hutar
Auranga Jharia S. Karanpura
Ramgarh Raniganj Quality Assessment for Drinking Uses Jharia (n = 97) Raniganj (n = 51) West Bokaro (n = 36) BIS (IS-10500) Param. Highest Maximum Min. Max. Avg. Min. Max. Avg. Min. Max. Avg. desirable permissible pH 6.20 8.60 7.67 7.50 9.10 8.21 4.27 8.43 7.63 6.5-8.5 - TDS 459 1568 948 336 1861 895 220 1502 695 500 2000 F- 0.15 3.0 0.77 0.37 2.31 0.91 0.36 1.62 0.96 1.0 1.5 Cl- 1.3 260 50.4 10.6 206 54.2 2.4 38.8 12.1 250 1000 - NO3 0.00 114.3 13.2 0.3 13.6 5.0 0.1 48.5 6.2 10 45 - HCO3 33.3 732 301.3 89.2 1232 373.1 13.4 505 174.4 200 600 2- SO4 18.0 806 343 0.3 586 213 4.2 950 331.3 200 400 Ca2+ 20.4 182.1 94 6.9 134.8 60.7 29.2 250 93.5 75 200 Mg2+ 4.8 157 74.6 2.6 134.7 59.9 8.9 119.9 49.4 30 100 Na+ 14.0 226 44.7 15.7 505 109.2 4.1 68.9 20.7 - - K+ 1.6 33.2 8.1 2.0 15.6 5.8 2.3 13.2 6.7 - - TH 112 960 542 28 863 398 109 1118 437 300 600 Fe (µg L-1) 143 854 423 71.6 972.7 329 69.3 1682 652 300 1000 Mn 4.5 1200 136 4.04 356 39.4 23.3 9920 1431 100 300 Cu 4.6 819 32.3 6.71 51.9 18.75 13.0 287 46.0 50 1500 Zn 12.8 1294 106.1 17.4 201.7 60.0 48.8 918 194 5000 15000 Ni 5.6 84.0 17.6 6.5 110.2 45.6 61.4 621 154 - - As 0.2 48.3 3.4 0.75 128.7 10.06 2.88 33.4 7.21 50 50 Co 0.1 20.1 1.2 0.09 6.2 0.95 1.0 382 34.1 - - Cr 4.7 14.7 8.1 5.20 83.4 44.6 60.5 178 81.2 50 50 Pb 6.1 35.9 14.9 10.2 61.1 22.6 25.6 47.6 34.3 50 50 Treatment Technology Options available Adsorption/ion Cations: Ca, Mg, Na, K, exchange Anions: Cl, NO3, SO4, F, PO4
Aeration Fe
Filtration Cations, anions & Bacteria
Electro-coagulation TDS, Cations
Photocatalysis Organics & Bacteria Ozonation
A holistic mine water treatment technology should be an optimized combination of these processes in a sequential way to fulfill WHO norms for potable water. Mine Water Reclamation Technology for Providing Safe Drinking Water
Major Contaminants TDS Hardness Sulphate Iron Manganese Chromium Lead Micro-organism Prototype plant for mine water reclamation (180 L/Hr capacity)
Pilot plant for mine water reclamation (4000 L/Hr capacity)
Socio-economic Benefits Facilitate application of new improved technology to increase coal production. Reduce the possibility of contamination of other water resources. Help in solving water crisis problem. The cost involved in power and human resource will be utilized in a beneficial way.