Doctor Who: Rosa
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Doctor Who: Rosa Travelling in the TARDIS, the Doctor brings her friends Graham, Ryan and Yaz to Montgomery, Alabama in the 1950s. At first, the friends are happy to be visiting the 1950s. However, they soon realise that it is not a safe place for some people. Meeting a woman named Rosa Parks, Team TARDIS figure out they have arrived just before an important event in history – the Montgomery bus boycott. Background to the Montgomery Bus Boycott Between 16th and 19th century, millions of African people were sold into slavery. In the USA, slavery ended in 1865. However, life for many African Americans remained hard. There were rules, called Jim Crow laws, that had to be followed. These included: • not being allowed to vote in elections; • only being able to do certain jobs; • parks, restaurants and public transport being split so African-American people could only go to certain places (these places were not as good as those provided for white people). The Origins of the Montgomery Bus Boycott On 2nd March 1955, an African American teenager called Claudette Colvin was getting a bus home from school. The bus was full so the driver ordered Claudette to give up her seat for a white person. At school, Claudette had been learning about how badly many African Americans had been treated. She refused to give up her seat. Claudette was arrested and sent to jail. On 1st December that same year, Rosa Parks was travelling home from work. She got on a bus driven by a man called James Blake. As the bus filled up, Rosa Parks was told to leave her seat so white passengers could sit down. She refused. The police were called and Rosa Parks was arrested. Writing about the event years later, she said she was “tired of giving in”. Page 1 of 2 visit twinkl.com Doctor Who: Rosa The Bus Boycott Rosa Parks was a member of a group that wanted to improve life for African Americans. A campaign was started on 5th December 1956 and it was led by Martin Luther King Jr. It called for African Americans to boycott (stop using) Montgomery buses and instead share lifts, walk or cycle to wherever they needed to go. The aims of the boycott were: • for all passengers to be treated politely by bus drivers; • for no passenger to be made to give up their seat for people getting on the bus; • to allow African Americans to become bus drivers. Almost all African American people in Montgomery joined the boycott and the bus company began to lose money. Martin Luther King Jr. and other leaders of the campaign were arrested. Rosa Parks and her husband both lost their jobs. Eventually, the campaign was successful. On 21st December 1956, the segregation (split) between white and black people on buses in Alabama stopped. Did You Know? In 2014, Asteroid 284996 was renamed ‘Rosa Parks’. Doctor Who logo and WHO insignia™ and © BBC 2018. Licensed by BBC Studios Page 2 of 2 visit twinkl.com Doctor Who: Rosa Questions 1. Where did the bus boycott take place? Tick the correct answer. London Washington Montgomery 2. Who refused to give up their seat on a bus? Tick two answers. Claudette Colvin Rosa Parks Martin Luther King Jr. 3. What decade did the events of the bus boycott take place in? Tick the correct answer. 1940s 1950s 1960s 4. Draw a line from the date to the event. 2nd March 1955 Segregation on Alabama buses ends. 1st December 1955 Claudette Colvin is arrested. 21st December 1956 Rosa Parks is arrested. 5. What was the name of the bus driver who drove Rosa Parks’ bus? 6. Fill in the missing word. Martin Luther King Jr. and other leaders of the campaign were . 7. If you could travel back in time and meet Rosa Parks, what would you ask her and why? visit twinkl.com Doctor Who: Rosa Answers 1. Where did the bus boycott take place? Tick the correct answer. London Washington Montgomery 2. Who refused to give up their seat on a bus? Tick two answers. Claudette Colvin Rosa Parks Martin Luther King Jr. 3. What decade did the events of the bus boycott take place in? Tick the correct answer. 1940s 1950s 1960s 4. Draw a line from the date to the event. 2nd March 1955 Segregation on Alabama buses ends. 1st December 1955 Claudette Colvin is arrested. 21st December 1956 Rosa Parks is arrested. 5. What was the name of the bus driver who drove Rosa Parks’ bus? The name of the driver was James Blake. 6. Fill in the missing word. Martin Luther King Jr. and other leaders of the campaign were arrested. 7. If you could travel back in time and meet Rosa Parks, what would you ask her and why? Answers should be the children’s own. visit twinkl.com Doctor Who: Rosa Travelling in the seemingly misbehaving TARDIS, the Doctor and her companions arrive in Montgomery, Alabama, 1955 instead of present-day Sheffield. Initially, Graham, Ryan and Yaz are thrilled to be visiting the 1950s. However, they soon realise that Alabama in the 1950s is not a safe place for some people. Meeting a woman named Rosa Parks, Team TARDIS figure out they have arrived just before a significant event in world history – the Montgomery bus boycott. Background to the Montgomery Bus Boycott From the 16th century onwards, millions of African people were sold into slavery. In the USA, slavery was abolished in 1865. However, life for many African Americans remained hard. Jim Crow laws were passed in many states limiting the rights of African Americans. These laws meant: • all African Americans were unable to vote in elections; • only certain jobs could be done by African-Americans; • parks, restaurants and public transport were segregated (meaning there were separate facilities for black people and these often weren’t as good as those provided for white people). The Origins of the Montgomery Bus Boycott On 2nd March 1955, African-American high-school student Claudette Colvin was taking a bus home. The bus was full and when more people tried to get on, the driver ordered Claudette to give up her seat for a white person. At school, Claudette had been learning about Harriet Tubman who had helped slaves escape through an underground railroad network. She had also been studying Sojourner Truth, a former slave who campaigned for women’s rights and the abolishment of slavery. Claudette later said she hadn’t left her seat because, “It felt like Sojourner Truth was on one side pushing me down, and Harriet Tubman was on the other side of me pushing me down. I couldn’t get up.” Claudette was arrested and sent to jail. Page 1 of 3 visit twinkl.com Doctor Who: Rosa On 1st December that same year, Rosa Parks was travelling home from work after a tiring day. She got on a bus driven by a man named James Blake. As the bus filled up, Rosa Parks was told to leave her seat so white passengers could sit down. She refused. The police were called and Rosa Parks was arrested. Writing about the event years later, she said, “People always say that I didn’t give up my seat because I was tired, but that isn’t true. I was not tired physically, or no more tired than I usually was at the end of a working day…. No, the only tired I was, was tired of giving in.” The Bus Boycott Rosa Parks was a member of the NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People), an organisation dedicated to improving the life of African Americans. Martin Luther King Jr. led a campaign, starting on 5th December 1956, that called for all African Americans to boycott (stop using) Montgomery buses. Instead, they were to share lifts, walk or cycle to their destinations. The aims of the boycott were: • for all passengers to be treated politely by bus drivers; • for passengers to be seated on a first-come, first-served basis; • to allow African Americans to become bus drivers. Almost the entire African-American population of Montgomery joined the boycott and the bus company began to lose money. Martin Luther King Jr. and other leaders of the campaign were arrested. Rosa Parks and her husband both lost their jobs. Eventually, the campaign was successful. On 21st December 1956, segregation on buses in Alabama ended. Page 2 of 3 visit twinkl.com Doctor Who: Rosa Key Events in the Civil Rights Movement Brown vs Board of Education – The segregation of schools is 1954 ruled illegal. 1956 The segregation on buses in Alabama ends. March on Washington – Over 250 000 people travel to Washington 1963 to campaign against racism. Martin Luther King Jr. makes his famous ‘I Have a Dream’ speech in front of the Lincoln Memorial. 1964 The Civil Rights Act is passed. 1968 Martin Luther King Jr. is killed. Did You Know? In 2014, Asteroid 284996 was renamed ‘Rosa Parks’. Doctor Who logo and WHO insignia™ and © BBC 2018. Licensed by BBC Studios Page 3 of 3 visit twinkl.com Doctor Who: Rosa Questions 1. When was slavery in the USA abolished? Tick the correct answer. 1765 1865 1965 2. What was the name given to laws that limited the rights of African Americans? Tick the correct answer. Jim Crow laws Slave laws African laws 3. Number these events of the Montgomery bus boycott to show the order of when they happened. The first one has been done for you. Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat on a bus.