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On the Mollusca Procured During the Lightning and Porcupine' Expeditions

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On the Mollusca Procured During the Lightning and Porcupine' Expeditions 88 DR. GWYN JEFFREYS ON THE MOLLUSCA OF THE [Mar. 6, 2. On the Mollusca procured during the ‘ Lightning’ and Porcupine’ Expeditions, 1868-70. (Part VI.’) By J. GWYNJEFFREYS, LL.D., F.R.S., F.Z.S. [Received February 23, 1883.1 (Plates XIX., XX.) GASTROPODA (continued). Family VI. SCTSSURELLIDB. I. SCISSURELLACRISPATA, Fleming. 8. crispata, Flem. Mem. Wern. SOC.vi. p. 385, pl. 6. f. 3 : B. C. iii. p. 283, pl. vii. f. 2; v. p. 201, pl. Ix. f. 3, 3a, 36. ‘Lightning’ Exp. St. 2, 5. ‘Porcupine’ Exp. 1869 : 14, 25, 36 (var. aspera), 70. 1870 : Atl. 1, 2, 6, 9, 13, 16-17a, 24, 27-30, Tangier B. (and vars. angu- Zata and aspera) ; Med. 45, 50, Adventure Bank, off Rinaldo’s Chair (var. aspera). Distribution. From Spitzbergen to Sicily arid Azores, and from Greenland to New England ; 4-790 fms. Fossil. Pliocene : Coralline Crag, Italy, Rhodes. Post-tertiary : Norway and Sicily. 8. angulata of Lovkn and 8. aspera of Philippi are varieties ; the latter corresponds with my variety paucicostata. X. angulata is larger, and 8. aspera more conical with stronger and fewer stris. The height of the spire and consequent contraction of the umbilicus, as well as the number and strength of the riblets and spiral stris, are variable characters. The variety aspera is more peculiarly Mediterranean than the typical form. The animal was fully described by me in the ‘ Annals and Maga- zine of Natural History ’ for June 1870. 2. SCISSURELLAUMBILICATA~, Jeffreys. (Plate XIX. fig. 1.) SHELLforming a depressed sphere which is equally raised above and below, rather thin, semitransparent, and somewhat glossy : sculpture, none except vety fine and close-set, but indistinct, lines of growth : colour white : spire slightly raised : whorls 4-5, flattened above and sloping outwards ; they rapidly enlarge, SO that the last or body-whorl considerably exceeds in size the rest of the shell: slit long and central, equal in width, with upturned edges : mouth nearly circular, but somewhat angulated where it is united to the body-whorl below the peripheral keel : peristome continuous, aI- though not free in consequence of the inner lip being attached to the she11 : outer lip thin and sharp : inner lip spread ou the lower For Part I. see P. Z.S. 1878, p. 393; for Part 11. see P. 2. S. 1879, p. 553; for Part 111. see P. Z. S. 1881, p. 693; for Part IV. see P. 2. S. 1881, p. 922; and for Part V. sea P. Z. 8. 1882,._ D. 656. Umbilicate. P Z S 1883 P1,XIX i .__, 3 . CBerjpaudeletltth Hanhsrt imp MOLLUS CA OF THE “LIGHTENING” AND ‘IFORC UP INE” EXPE D IT ION S P Z S.1883.PiXX I k I 7 4. 10 12 Hanhart irnp MOJ,LUSCA OF THE “LIGHTENING” AND “PORCUPINE”EXPEDITIONS 1853.1 ‘LIGHTNING’ AND PORCUPINE ’ EXPEDITIONS. 89 part of the body-whorl : umbilicus rather large, funnel-shaped, and deep : operculum not observed, the specimens now described being dead. L. 0.1, B. 0.1. ‘Porcupine’ Exp. 1870 : Atl. St. 16, 17, 17a. Several speci- mens, more or less perfect. This differs from any other species known to me in being devoid of sculpture, and in having a conspicuous umbilicus. 3. SCISSURELLACOSTATA, d’orbigny. S. costata, d’Orb. Mh. SOC. d’hist. nat. de Paris, i. p. 344, t. xxiii. f. 2. ‘ Porcupine ’ Exp. 1870 : Atl. St. Tangier B. Distribution. Throughout the Mediterranean and Adriatic, Ma- deira (Fatson), Teneriffe (McAndrew) ; 0-1 1 fnis. Fossil. Pliocene : Italy, Rhodes. 8. plicata aud 8. striatula, Philippi, besides several obsolete synonyms. S. lawigata of d’Orbigny is apparently a variety. Family VII. TROCHIDB. 1. M~~LLERIACOSTULATA, Moller. Margarita? costulata, Moll. Ind. Moll. Gronl. p. 8. Molleria costulata, B. C. iii. p. 291 : G. 0. Sars, Moll. reg. arct. now. p. 127, t. 9. f. 8, a-c. ‘Lightning’ Exp., St. 2. Porcupine’ Exp. 1870 : Atl. 17. Distribution. Arctic seas in both hemispheres, eastern consts of N. America, Bay of Biscay (‘Travailleur ’ Exp. ISSO), St. Thomas, W. Indies (PerkrGzen) ; 0-150 fms. Fossil. Post-tertiary : Scandinavia, Shetland, Scotland, co. Antrim, Canada; 0-460 ft. This genus is distinguishable from Cyclostremn by having a double inside lip or a ledge to receive the strong calcareous operculum. The sculpture also is peculiar. I described the animal of M. costu- lata in the ‘ Annals and Magazine of Natural History ’ for March 1877. The odontophore has been figured by Friele. Margarita minutissima of Mighels, and Skenea rnolleri of Phi- lippi. 2. MOLLERIALEVIGATA, Jeffreys. Molleria Lvigata (Jeffr.), Friele, Bidrag ti1 Vestlandets Mollusk- fauna (Vid. Forh. 1875), p. 4; separate copy. CycEostrema Zamgatum, G. 0.Sars, Moll. reg. arct. norv. p. 130, t. 21. f. 2, a-b. Lightning ’ Exp., St. 5, 6. Distribution. Finmark (G. 0.Sars), Bergen coast (Friele, Nor- man, and J. G. J.), Shetland (J. G. J.) ; 20-250 fms. Fossil. Pliocene : Sicily. Cyclostrema basistriatum of Brugnone; but in a copy of his i* 90 DR. GWYN JEFFREYS ON THE MOLLUSCA OF THE [Mar. 6, paper, which he kindly sent me, he altered the specific name to curvistriatum. I had overlooked a specimen of this little shell among my Shet- land dredgings. The peristome and curved strk on the base show that it belongs to Molleria and not to Cyclostrema. 1. CYCLOSTREMASERPULO~DES, Montagu. Helix serpuloides, Mont. Test. Brit. Suppl. p. 147, t. 21. f. 3. C. serpuZofdes, B. C. iii. p. 290, pl. vii. f. 3; v. p. 201, pl. Ixi. f. 3. ‘ Lightning ’ Exp., St. 4. ‘ Porcupine ’ Exp. 1880 : Atl. Vigo B. Distribution. Bod0 in Norway to Sicily and the Adriatic ; 0-80 fms. Fossil. Pliocene : Calabria. Post-tertiary : Scandinavia and W. Scotland. Xkenea divisa of Fleming, and Delphinula Luis of Philippi. 2. CYCLOSTREMAAREOLATUM, G. 0. Sars. C. areolatum, G. 0. Sars, Moll. reg. arct. norv. p. 345, t. 34. f. 6, a-d. Lightning ’ Exp. St. 2. Two specimens. Distribution. Norway (G. 0. Sam). Some years before the publication by Prof. G. 0. Sars I had sent a description of this species, under the rianie of C. sculpturn, to the late Sir Wyville Thomson, at his request, for the purpose of having the Mollusca of the ‘ Lightning ’ Expedition separately published. That was not done ; and I mention it, because my MS. must not now be regarded. This pretty little shell might be taken for the very young of Trochus grenlandicus ; but the peristome is complete. 3. CYCLOSTREMARUGULOSUM, Jeffreys. C. rugulosum (Jeffr.), G. 0.Sars, Moll. reg. arct. norv. p. 129, t. 21. f. 1, a-6. ‘Lightning’ Exp. St. 5. ‘ Porcupine ’ Exp. 1870 : Btl. 9. Distribution. Lofoten I. and W. Norway, Messina (Qranata), N. England (VerrilZ) ; 80-375 fms. Fossil. Pliocene : Messina (Seguenzu) ! Nore globular and smaller than C. serpuloi’des. 4. CYCLOSTREMABASISTRIATUM, Jeffreys. C. (Molleria) basistriatum, Brugn. Misc. Malach. pars ii. 1876, v. 17, f. 24. C. basistriatum, Jeffr. Ann. & Mag. N. H. 1877, p. 234 : G. 0. Sars, moll. reg. arct. norv. p. 128, t. 8. f. 8, a-c. ‘Porcupine’ Exp. 1869: St. 89. 1870: Btl. 16, 17, 17a. Distribution. Spitzbergen to Drobak, ‘ Valorous ’ Exp. ; 50- 1333 fms. 1883.1 ‘LIGHTNING’ AND ‘ PVRCUPINE’ bXPEDiTIONB. 91 Fossil. Pliocene : Ficarazzi (Brugnone). The shell is usually striated on the base only ; but some speci- mens are striated on the upper whorls also, and others are occa- sionally striated throughout. For this reason I should have pre- ferred another specific name ; but Weinkauff, in his excellent and useful Catalogue of the Shells of the European Seas, as well as Friele, in his ‘Oversigt over de i Bergen omegn forekomenender skaldsegter Mollnsker,’ adopted my MS. name some years before Brugnone described another shell as fossil under the same name. See Molleria leviyatn ant& The odontophore is figured by Friele. C. profundurn of Priele, from specimens striated throughout. 5. CYCLOSTREMACUTLERIANUM, Clark. Skenea cutleriana, Clark in Ann. & Mag. M. H. (n. ser.) iv. p. 424. C. cutlerianum, B. C. iii. p. 287; v. p. 201, pl. lxi. f. 1. ‘ Porcupine ’ Exp. 1870 : Atl. St. Vigo B. Distribution. Skye, S. England, Guernsey, Naples and Sicily ; 15-40 fms. Fossil. Pliocene : Calabria and Sicily. Post-tertiary : Montreal (Dawson). 6. CYCLOSTREMANITENS, Philippi. Delphinula nitens, Phil. Moll. Sic. ii. p. 146, t. xxv. f. 4. C. nitens, B. C. iii. p. 289; v. p. 201, pl. lxi. f. 2. ‘ Porcupine’ Exp. 1870 : Med. St. off Rinaldo’s Chair. Distribution. Shetland to the agean ; 0-9 13 fms. Fossil. Pliocene : Calabria and Sicily. Post-tertiary : Co. Antrim. Margarita pusillu, Jeffreys, 1848 ; var. Skenea? Iavi~,Forbes and Hanley. 7. CYCLOSTREMATROCHO~DES, Jeffreys. C. trochoides (Jeffr.), Friele, Bidr. Vestl. Molluskf. (Vid. Forh. 1875) p. 2, separate copy ; G. 0. Sars, Moll. reg. arct. norv. p. 131, t. 8. f. 9, a-c. ‘Porcupine ’ Exp. 1870 : Atl. St. 17a (living). Distribution. Finmark and W. Norway, Bay of Biscay (‘Travail- leur’ Exp. ISSO), Palermo (Monterosato), N. England ( Perrill) ; 10-372 fms. The umbilicus is sometimes encircled by one or more strong spiral strise. Var. C.peterseni, Friele. He has figured the odontophore. 8. CYCLOSTREMATENERUM~, Jeffreys. (Plate XIX. fig. 2.) SHELL globosely conical, thin and delicate, semitransparent, lustreless : sculpture extremely fine and close-set but nearly micro- scopic spiral st&, which are wanting on the base and replaced by a rugose or fretted appearance : colour pale yellowish-whlte, with a Tender. 92 DR. GWYN JEFFREYS ON THE XOLLUSCA OF THE [Mar. 6, faint tinge of green : spire considerably raised : whorls 4, rounded and convex ; the last occupies two thirds of the spire ; the first is very small and abruptly twisted : suture very deep : mouth circular, with a thin and slightly expanded lip : umbilicus rather narrow but deep : opercubim thin, having 6 or 7 whorls, the two outermost being pro- portionally much larger than the inner whorls and divided by raised ledges.
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