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Introduction Botany Has Become Fashionable
CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by University of Hertfordshire Research Archive Introduction Botany has become fashionable; in time it may become useful, if it be not so already.1 The stereotype of the forward, sexually precocious, female botanist made its first appearance in literature in the turbulent revolutionary climate of the 1790s, though women had, in fact, been avidly botanising earlier in the century. The emergence of this figure illustrates both the contemporary appeal, particularly to women, of the Linnaean Sexual System of botanical classification, and the anxieties surrounding female modesty it provoked. Thus, in the reactionary poem, The Unsex’d Females (1798), the Reverend Richard Polwhele warned that botanising girls, in scrutinising the sexual parts of the flower, were indulging in acts of wanton titillation. In the same year James Plumptre conceived a comic opera entitled The Lakers in which the heroine is a female botanist, ‗Miss Beccabunga Veronica of Diandria Hall‘.2 Veronica‘s precocious search for botanical specimens parallels her immodest search for a husband. With only Erasmus Darwin‘s provocative account of The Loves of the Plants (1789) to guide her, ‗she has been studying the system of plants, till she now wishes to know the system of man‘ (I.1. 2). Botany, we are reminded in the preface, ‗is by no means a proper amusement for the more polished sex‘ (xii). The botanising activities of Veronica‘s maid, Anna, suggest that the fashion for women‘s botany has, deplorably, even reached the servant classes. Anna has been learning something of Linnaean classification and she later confides to the aptly named Billy Sample that ‗all ladies who know anything study botamy [sic] now‘ (III. -
THE POWER of BEAUTY in RESTORATION ENGLAND Dr
THE POWER OF BEAUTY IN RESTORATION ENGLAND Dr. Laurence Shafe [email protected] THE WINDSOR BEAUTIES www.shafe.uk • It is 1660, the English Civil War is over and the experiment with the Commonwealth has left the country disorientated. When Charles II was invited back to England as King he brought new French styles and sexual conduct with him. In particular, he introduced the French idea of the publically accepted mistress. Beautiful women who could catch the King’s eye and become his mistress found that this brought great wealth, titles and power. Some historians think their power has been exaggerated but everyone agrees they could influence appointments at Court and at least proposition the King for political change. • The new freedoms introduced by the Reformation Court spread through society. Women could appear on stage for the first time, write books and Margaret Cavendish was the first British scientist. However, it was a totally male dominated society and so these heroic women had to fight against established norms and laws. Notes • The Restoration followed a turbulent twenty years that included three English Civil Wars (1642-46, 1648-9 and 1649-51), the execution of Charles I in 1649, the Commonwealth of England (1649-53) and the Protectorate (1653-59) under Oliver Cromwell’s (1599-1658) personal rule. • Following the Restoration of the Stuarts, a small number of court mistresses and beauties are renowned for their influence over Charles II and his courtiers. They were immortalised by Sir Peter Lely as the ‘Windsor Beauties’. Today, I will talk about Charles II and his mistresses, Peter Lely and those portraits as well as another set of portraits known as the ‘Hampton Court Beauties’ which were painted by Godfrey Kneller (1646-1723) during the reign of William III and Mary II. -
Darnley Portraits
DARNLEY FINE ART DARNLEY FINE ART PresentingPresenting anan Exhibition of of Portraits for Sale Portraits for Sale EXHIBITING A SELECTION OF PORTRAITS FOR SALE DATING FROM THE MID 16TH TO EARLY 19TH CENTURY On view for sale at 18 Milner Street CHELSEA, London, SW3 2PU tel: +44 (0) 1932 976206 www.darnleyfineart.com 3 4 CONTENTS Artist Title English School, (Mid 16th C.) Captain John Hyfield English School (Late 16th C.) A Merchant English School, (Early 17th C.) A Melancholic Gentleman English School, (Early 17th C.) A Lady Wearing a Garland of Roses Continental School, (Early 17th C.) A Gentleman with a Crossbow Winder Flemish School, (Early 17th C.) A Boy in a Black Tunic Gilbert Jackson A Girl Cornelius Johnson A Gentleman in a Slashed Black Doublet English School, (Mid 17th C.) A Naval Officer Mary Beale A Gentleman Circle of Mary Beale, Late 17th C.) A Gentleman Continental School, (Early 19th C.) Self-Portrait Circle of Gerard van Honthorst, (Mid 17th C.) A Gentleman in Armour Circle of Pieter Harmensz Verelst, (Late 17th C.) A Young Man Hendrick van Somer St. Jerome Jacob Huysmans A Lady by a Fountain After Sir Peter Paul Rubens, (Late 17th C.) Thomas Howard, Earl of Arundel After Sir Peter Lely, (Late 17th C.) The Duke and Duchess of York After Hans Holbein the Younger, (Early 17th to Mid 18th C.) William Warham Follower of Sir Godfrey Kneller, (Early 18th C.) Head of a Gentleman English School, (Mid 18th C.) Self-Portrait Circle of Hycinthe Rigaud, (Early 18th C.) A Gentleman in a Fur Hat Arthur Pond A Gentleman in a Blue Coat -
Evan Gaughan
Introduction The aim of this thesis is to reassess the role of women as significant collectors and patrons of natural history, fine arts and antiquities in the long eighteenth century.1 The agency and achievements of early modern female collectors and patrons have been largely eclipsed by histories of gentlemen virtuosi and connoisseurs, which examine patriarchal displays of collecting and patronage while overlooking and undervaluing the contributions made by their female counterparts. These works, in general, have operated within an androcentric framework and dismissed or failed to address the ways in which objects were commissioned, accumulated, or valued by those who do not fit into prevailing male-dominated narratives. Only in the last decade have certain scholars begun to take issue with this historiographical ignorance and investigated the existence and importance of a corresponding culture of collecting and patronage in which women exercised considerable authority. Most of this literature consists of limited, superficial portrayals that do not tell us much about the realities of female collecting and patronage in any given time or place. This project attempts to fill the historiographical gap through a detailed study of several of the most prominent British female collectors and patrons of the long eighteenth century and an analysis of how their experiences and activities disrupt or complicate our understanding of contemporary collecting and patronage practices. Although a significant intention of this thesis is to reveal the lack of well-focused or sustained scholarship on this topic, its primary objective is to restore women to their central place in the history of 1 For the purposes of this thesis, the eighteenth century has been expanded to embrace related historical movements that occurred in the first two and a half decades of the nineteenth century. -
R.Kirschbaum, Thesis, 2012.Pdf
Introduction: Female friendship, community and retreat Friendship still has been design‘d, The Support of Human-kind; The safe Delight, the useful Bliss, The next World‘s Happiness, and this. Give then, O indulgent Fate! Give a Friend in that Retreat (Tho‘ withdrawn from all the rest) Still a Clue, to reach my Breast. Let a Friend be still convey‘d Thro‘ those Windings, and that Shade! Where, may I remain secure, Waste, in humble Joys and pure, A Life, that can no Envy yield; Want of Affluence my Shield.1 Anne Finch’s “The Petition for an Absolute Retreat” is one of a number of verses by early modern women which engage with the poetic traditions of friendship and the pastoral.2 Finch employed the imagery and language of the pastoral to shape a convivial but protected space of retreat. The key to achieving the sanctity of such a space is virtuous friendship, which Finch implies is both enabled by and enabling of pastoral retirement. Finch’s retreat is not an absolute retirement; she calls for “a Friend in that Retreat / (Tho’ withdrawn from all the rest)” to share in the “humble Joys and pure” of the pastoral. Friendship is “design’d [as] the Support of Human-kind”, a divine gift to ease the burden of human reason and passion. The cause of “the next World’s Happiness, and this”, 1 Anne Finch, “The Petition for an Absolute Retreat” in Miscellany Poems, on Several Occasions, printed for J.B. and sold by Benj. Tooke at the Middle-Temple-Gate, William Taylor in Pater-Noster-Row, and James Round (London, 1713), pp. -
English Female Artists
^ $525.- V ^ T R /S. / / \ * t {/<•/dti '/’rlk- Printed lor Hob'.Saryer.N?^ in Fleet Street ■ ENGLISH 'EMALE ART < rn us. Ei.LSK C. G) aYXO v A' £HOR Of •' QUi'JBKir OF 80N0 ' !,'TO. • • • VOL f. LONDON; ! OTHERS, S CATHERINE ST.. SXRAN I) 187C. (A'ii *1 ijkti r ;,d) * ENGLISH FEMALE ARTISTS. lBY ELLEN C. CLAYTON, AUTHOR OF “QUEENS OF SONG,” ETC. IN TWO VOLUMES. VOL. I. I- LONDON: TINSLEY BROTHERS, 8 CATHERINE ST., STRAND. 1876. (All rights reserved.) TO (gHsabftlt Sltompisian THIS BOOK, A ROLL CALL OF HONOURABLE NAMES, is BY PERMISSION INSCRIBED, IN TESTIMONY OF ADMIRATION FOR HER GENIUS. CONTENTS. CHAPTER I. PAGE Susannah Hornebolt. Lavinia Teerlinck ... ... ... 1 CHAPTER II. Anne Carlisle. Artemisia Gentileschi. The Sisters Cleyn 14 CHAPTER III. Anna Maria Carew. Elizabeth Neale. Mary More. Mrs. Boardman. Elizabeth Creed ... ... ... ... 35 CHAPTER IY. Mary Beale ... ... ... ... ... ... 40 CHAPTER Y. Susan Penelope Rose ... ... ... ... ... 54 CHAPTER VI. Anne Killigrew ... ... ... ... ... ... 59 CHAPTER VII. Maria Varelst ... ... ... ... ... ... 71 VI CONTENTS. CHAPTER VIII. PAGE Anne, Princess of Orange. Princess Caroline. Agatha Van- dermijn. Sarah Hoadley 78 CHAPTER IX. Elizabeth Blackwell 91 CHAPTER X. Mary Delany 96 CHAPTER XL Frances Reynolds 146 CHAPTER XII. Maria Anna Angelica Catherine Kauffman 233 CHAPTER XIII. Mary Moser 295 CHAPTER XIV. Maria Cecilia Louisa Cosway 314 CHAPTER XV. Amateurs: Temp. George the Third 336 CHAPTER XVI. The Close of the Eighteenth Century 359 CHAPTER XVII. The Earlier Years of the Nineteenth Century ... 379 CHAPTER XVIII. Mary Harrison. Anna Maria Charretie. Adelaide A. Maguire 410 LIST OF THE PRINCIPAL AUTHORITIES CONSULTED FOR THE FIRST VOLUME. Annual Registek. Abt Joubnal. -
Warning Over VAT Refunds on Premium
antiques trade gazette User: IVAN Issue No: 2152 Issue Date: 02/09/08/14 File Name: NE01-03 PROOFED: Issue 2152 | 2nd & 9th August 2014 UK £2.25 – USA $6.50 – Europe €3.95 Warning over VAT ref u nd s Above and below: two views of the Nicole Frères music box c.1828 – £22,000 at Hannams. on premium that Her Majesty’s Revenue and Customs ■ HMRC will hand auctioneers set high standards to which buyers must the bill if paperwork is not in conform in order qualify for the refund. order, warns ATG columnist On page 50 of this issue, Mr Silverman, a partner in London law firm Streathers Music box sings at £22,000 Ivan Macquisten and a specialist in art market-related SELBORNE, Hampshire, auctioneer Hannams produced a YouTube video to reports legal issues, sets out details of the VAT promote the presence of this very early key-wind musical box by Nicole Frères in Auctioneers’ Scheme in a specially their inaugural sale on July 10. commissioned article following a number Rather like the medium by which it was marketed, the box had represented the AUCTION houses who refund of approaches to ATG by auctioneers cutting edge of entertainment when made around 1828. It thus ranks among the VAT on the buyer’s premium uncertain of their position in the face of first instruments created by the celebrated Geneva firm and one of only a few of demands for VAT refunds from buyers in this period in private hands. to overseas purchasers China and other countries. -
Coversheet for Thesis in Sussex Research Online
A University of Sussex PhD thesis Available online via Sussex Research Online: http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/ This thesis is protected by copyright which belongs to the author. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the Author The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the Author When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given Please visit Sussex Research Online for more information and further details ‘At home’ in Standen: A study of the Beale family’s lived experience of their late-nineteenth century Arts and Crafts home, 1890-1914 Anne Stutchbury Submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Sussex 2016 1 Statement: I hereby declare that this thesis has not been and will not be, submitted in whole or in part to another University for the award of any other degree. Signature:……………………………………… 2 Contents Abstract 3 Acknowledgements 4 List of Figures 5 List of Abbreviations 19 Introduction 20 Part One: Dwelling on family history: 1840-1890 38 1.1 The early years: Birmingham and Leamington 1.2 The London years Part Two: A ‘house in the country’ 74 2.1 Locating Standen 2.2 Collaborating with Philip Webb Part Three: The ‘artists’ 98 3.1 Inspired by nature: Margaret Beale’s garden artistry 3.2 ‘A connoisseur of things beautiful’: Margaret S. Beale Part Four: Styling Standen 127 4.1 Questioning ‘Arts and Crafts’ 4.2 Aesthetic interiors: Beauty, harmony and visions of femininity Part Five: Travelling and collecting 171 5.1 Holiday hunting for furniture 5.2 European excursions and objets d'art 5.3 Exotic visions and ‘Oriental’ objects Part Six: ‘Identifying’ the Beales 197 6.1 Treasured family possessions 6.2 Renewing and refashioning old furniture Conclusion 215 Bibliography 222 Appendices A. -
UNIVERSITY of CALIFORNIA RIVERSIDE Aesthetic Intersections
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA RIVERSIDE Aesthetic Intersections: Portraiture and British Women’s Life Writing in the Long Eighteenth Century A Dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in English by Flavia Ruzi September 2017 Dissertation Committee: Dr. Adriana Craciun, Chairperson Dr. George Haggerty Dr. Malcolm Baker Copyright by Flavia Ruzi 2017 ii The Dissertation of Flavia Ruzi is approved: Committee Chairperson University of California, Riverside iii Acknowledgments This dissertation would not have been possible without the guidance and support of my committee, who have stood relentlessly beside me through every step of the process. I am immensely grateful to Adriana Craciun for her continued faith in my project and in my capacity to meet her ambitious expectations. She has made me a better writer and a more sophisticated thinker. I would also like to express my gratitude to Malcolm Baker, who has patiently born with my literary propensities through my examination of art historical materials. His dedicated guidance has enabled me to discuss such materials in each chapter with the art historical rigor they deserve. The interdisciplinary impetus of my project would not have been possible without him. And I would like to thank George Haggerty, who has been there for me since the first day of my graduate career and continues to inspire me with his unabating love for eighteenth- century literature. The reading group he organized for me and my friend, Rebecca Addicks-Salerno, was instrumental in the evolution of my project. Our invaluable conversations ensured that my dissertation was not a lonely and isolated process but the product of an eighteenth-century-salon-like culture of enjoyable intellectual exchange. -
From the Commonwealth to the Georgian Period, 1650-1730
A STROLL THROUGH TATE BRITAIN This two-hour talk is part of a series of twenty talks on the works of art displayed in Tate Britain, London, in June 2017. Unless otherwise mentioned all works of art are at Tate Britain. References and Copyright • The talk is given to a small group of people and all the proceeds, after the cost of the hall is deducted, are given to charity. • Our sponsored charities are Save the Children and Cancer UK. • Unless otherwise mentioned all works of art are at Tate Britain and the Tate’s online notes, display captions, articles and other information are used. • Each page has a section called ‘References’ that gives a link or links to sources of information. • Wikipedia, the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Khan Academy and the Art Story are used as additional sources of information. • The information from Wikipedia is under an Attribution-Share Alike Creative Commons License. • Other books and articles are used and referenced. • If I have forgotten to reference your work then please let me know and I will add a reference or delete the information. 1 A STROLL THROUGH TATE BRITAIN • The History of the Tate • From Absolute Monarch to Civil War, 1540-1650 • From Commonwealth to the Georgians, 1650-1730 • The Georgians, 1730-1780 • Revolutionary Times, 1780-1810 • Regency to Victorian, 1810-1840 • William Blake • J. M. W. Turner • John Constable • The Pre-Raphaelites, 1840-1860 West galleries are 1540, 1650, 1730, 1760, 1780, 1810, 1840, 1890, 1900, 1910 East galleries are 1930, 1940, 1950, 1960, 1970, 1980, 1990, 2000 Turner Wing includes Turner, Constable, Blake and Pre-Raphaelite drawings Agenda 1. -
British Miniature Painters and Their Works
DUKE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY Treasure %Qom # : ^25 Copies of this book have been printed for sale, of which 12^ are on large paper. No. /a: Vlottingbam Printed by R. B. Earp & Sons, Ltd., Goldsmith Street. -* # *: « ' '^ ! ^H MINIAi PAINTEko AND THEIR \ RKS, BY J. J FOSTER, Asti-iUift 'istft'iKsijiCl at-aiyv n\iS\K .oi;8i ,f;noJyiV naaup ifJasjfiM lyH Xonfcon SAMPSON LOW, MARSTOxN St. Dunstan's House, Fet. DICKINSONS , ,fT W -^y:im ir Portrait. Her Majesty Queen Victoria, 1870. After Messrs. Dickinsons' : BRITISH MINIATURE PAINTERS AND THEIR WORKS, BY J. J. FOSTER. Xonbon SAMPSON LOW, MARSTON & COMPANY, Limited, St. Dunstan's House, Fetter Lane, E.G. AND DICKINSONS, 114, New Bond Street, W. 1898. m. Iber fIDost (5raciou6 flDajest^ IDictotia, of tbe •Clnite^ •RiiiQ&om of (great IBritain anb 5relanb> an& of tbe Colonteg an& Dependencies tbereot Empress of 5n&ia, tbis worft is, bg special permls* IV. Tfar-igrncr-JTiiriinincrir'.j-'.iij TinaTTi FTt'-nTj-iQ niun£TTjj~.irar^riLn^n^ri^nrriitn!r'.L^ PREFACE. HE follotving lines should be called, perhaps, an acknowledgment rather than a Preface, inasmuch as what I have to say in them is mainly to express gratittide for favours received. First then, let me record my sense of the honour and the favour done me by Her Majesty The Queen, in giving Her gracious permission to reproduce such miniatures as I might select from the Royal Library. The like acknowledgment is due to many noble and private owners (too numerous to mention here) of similar treasures. I have appended their names in the list of Illustrations, and to each and to all I beg to offer most sincere thanks for their courtesy. -
Mary Beale” by Mary Beale, Oil on Canvas, Circa 1665, 43 In
“Mary Beale” by Mary Beale, oil on canvas, circa 1665, 43 in. × 34½ in., NPG 1687, © National Portrait Gallery, London. Early Modern Women: An Interdisciplinary Journal Vol. 10, No. 1 • Fall 2015 Mary Beale and Art’s Lost Laborers: Women Painter Stainers Helen Draper istories of seventeenth-century British art suggest that one, two, possibly Hthree women were painters.1 Of those, only Mary Beale (1633–99) estab- lished an independent commercial studio, maintaining it successfully for more than twenty years without formal training, court patronage, or guild affiliation.2 Fellow portraitist Joan Carlile (d.1679) and miniaturist Susannah-Penelope Rosse (d.1700) painted professionally, enjoying some renown, but few of their paintings survive. Can this possibly represent the entire contribution of women to the artistic life of the metropolis? No, dozens of women were members of or apprenticed to the Company of Painter Stainers and their story will be explored herein. Although other women painters earned money, only Beale is now repre- sented by a large, attributed body of work including several self-portraits, printed poetry, and two manuscripts, one of which, Observations by MB in her painting of Apricots, is the first known text in English about the act of painting written 1 For example, Ian Chilvers Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1990); M. Whinney and O. Miller The Oxford History of English art: 1625–1714 (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1957). For a closer look at women painters see Susan E. James, Feminine Dynamic in English Art, 1485–1603 (Farnham: Ashgate, 2009). 2 Helen Draper, “‘her painting of Apricots’: The Invisibility of Mary Beale (1633–1699),” Forum for Modern Language Studies, 48.4 (2012): 389–405; Tabitha Barber, Mary Beale (1632/3– 1699) .