INDUSTRY MARKET RESEARCH FOR BUSINESS LEADERS, STRATEGISTS, DECISION MAKERS CLICK TO VIEW

Table of Contents 2

List of Tables & Charts 3

Study Overview 4

Sample Text, Table & Chart 5

Sample Profile, Table & Forecast 6

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About Freedonia, Custom Research, Related Studies, 8

Rigid Bulk Packaging

US Industry Study with Forecasts for 2018 & 2023

Study #3213 | October 2014 | $5300 | 341 pages

The Freedonia Group 767 Beta Drive www.freedoniagroup.com Cleveland, OH • 44143-2326 • USA Toll Free US Tel: 800.927.5900 or +1 440.684.9600 Fax: +1 440.646.0484 E-mail: [email protected] Study #3213 October 2014 Rigid Bulk Packaging $5300 341 Pages US Industry Study with Forecasts for 2018 & 2023

Table of Contents Pails...... 107 Durable Goods...... 226 Markets...... 110 Durable Goods Outlook...... 227 Executive Summary Producers...... 113 Rigid Bulk Packaging Demand...... 230 Bulk ...... 114 Other Markets...... 234 Markets...... 117 Market EnvironmenT Producers...... 120 INDUSTRY STRUCTURE General ...... 4 Material Handling ...... 122 Macroeconomic Outlook...... 5 Plastic Material Handling Containers...... 126 General ...... 237 Demographic Trends...... 9 Totes...... 126 Industry Composition...... 238 Manufacturing Outlook...... 13 ...... 128 Market Share...... 241 Packaging Trends...... 17 Steel Material Handling Containers...... 130 Acquisitions & Divestitures...... 246 ...... 19 Markets...... 133 Competitive Strategies...... 249 Plastic...... 20 Producers...... 136 Manufacturing & Development...... 252 Metal...... 21 Rigid Intermediate Bulk Containers...... 139 Marketing...... 254 & Wood...... 22 Plastic Body RIBCs...... 143 Distribution...... 257 Competitive Bulk Packaging...... 23 Plastic RIBC Producers...... 145 Cooperative Agreements...... 258 Historical Market Trends...... 24 Metal Body RIBCs...... 149 Pricing Trends...... 28 Metal Body RIBC Producers...... 151 Company Profiles Environmental Issues...... 33 Other RIBCs...... 152 Regulatory Considerations...... 37 Producers of Other RIBCs...... 155 Berenfield Containers...... 262 Transport & Handling...... 38 Markets...... 156 Berry Plastics...... 263 Other Regulations...... 41 BWAY Corporation...... 265 Foreign Trade...... 42 MARKETS Chem-Tainer Industries...... 268 International Activity...... 43 Cleveland Steel ...... 271 General ...... 161 Fujimori Kogyo...... 273 Nondurable Goods...... 164 Greif Incorporated...... 276 MATERIALS Chemicals & Pharmaceuticals...... 166 Hoover Container Solutions...... 280 General ...... 46 Chemical & Pharmaceutical IBC North America...... 283 Plastic...... 50 Industry Outlook...... 167 International Paper...... 285 Steel...... 56 Rigid Bulk Packaging Demand by Type.... 170 IPL Incorporated...... 287 & Wood Panels...... 60 Drums...... 173 KapStone Paper and Packaging...... 289 Pails...... 175 KLW Plastics...... 290 RIBCs & Other...... 176 Koch Industries...... 291 PRODUCTS Rigid Bulk Packaging Demand Letica Corporation...... 293 General ...... 64 by Chemical Type...... 177 Macro Plastics...... 294 Drums...... 67 Industrial Chemicals...... 180 MAUSER AG...... 296 Steel Drums...... 70 Paint & ...... 184 Menasha Corporation...... 300 Liners & Technologies...... 73 Pharmaceuticals...... 186 Molded Fiber Glass...... 303 Reconditioning & ...... 75 Detergents & Cleaners...... 189 Monoflo International...... 304 Markets...... 77 Agricultural Chemicals...... 191 Myers Container...... 305 Producers...... 80 Other Chemicals...... 194 Myers Industries...... 307 Fibre Drums...... 81 Food & Beverages...... 197 Nashville Wire Products Manufacturing...... 311 Recycling...... 84 Food & Beverage Industry Outlook...... 198 North American Container...... 312 Markets...... 85 Rigid Bulk Packaging Demand...... 201 North Coast Container...... 314 Producers...... 88 Plastic, Rubber, & Fiber...... 207 Norton Packaging...... 315 Plastic Drums...... 89 Plastic, Rubber, & Fiber Outlook...... 208 Packaging Corporation of America...... 316 Reconditioning & Recycling...... 92 Rigid Bulk Packaging Demand...... 211 Rehrig Pacific...... 319 Markets...... 93 Petroleum & Lubricants...... 213 Rock-Tenn Company...... 321 Producers...... 97 Petroleum & Lubricant Outlook...... 214 Schoeller Allibert...... 323 Pails...... 99 Rigid Bulk Packaging Demand...... 216 SCHÜTZ GmbH...... 325 Plastic Pails...... 100 Agricultural & Horticultural Products...... 219 Sharpsville Container...... 328 Markets...... 103 Agricultural & Horticultural Snyder Industries...... 329 Producers...... 106 Industry Outlook...... 220 Sonoco Products...... 333 Rigid Bulk Packaging Demand...... 223 Additional Companies in the US Industry 337-341

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List of Tables 23 Metal Body RIBC Shipments...... 151 List of Charts 24 Other RIBC Shipments by Type...... 155 Executive Summary 25 Rigid Intermediate Bulk Container MARKET ENVIRONMENT Demand by Market...... 159 1 Summary Table...... 3 1 Rigid Bulk Packaging Market, 2003-2013...28 MARKETS Market EnvironmenT MATERIALS 1 Rigid Bulk Packaging 1 Macroeconomic Indicators...... 9 Demand by Market...... 163 1 Raw Material Use in Rigid Bulk 2 Population & Households...... 13 2 Nondurable Goods Market for Packaging, 2003-2023...... 50 3 Manufacturers’ Shipments...... 16 Rigid Bulk Packaging...... 166 2 Plastic Use in Rigid Bulk Packaging 4 Packaging Supply & Demand...... 19 3 Chemical & Pharmaceutical by Product, 2013...... 56 5 Rigid Bulk Packaging Market, 2003-2013...27 Product Shipments...... 170 3 Steel Use in Rigid Bulk Packaging 6 Rigid Bulk Packaging Prices...... 33 4 Chemical & Pharmaceutical Market for by Product, 2013...... 60 7 Foreign Trade in Rigid Bulk Packaging...... 43 Rigid Bulk Packaging by Type...... 172 5 Chemical & Pharmaceutical Market for PRODUCTS MATERIALS Rigid Bulk Packaging by Chemical...... 179 6 Industrial Chemical Market for 1 Rigid Bulk Packaging Demand 1 Raw Material Use in Rigid Bulk Packaging 49 Rigid Bulk Packaging...... 183 by Type, 2013...... 67 2 Plastic Use in Rigid Bulk 7 Paint & Coatings Market for 2 Steel Demand by Market, 2013...... 80 Packaging by Product...... 55 Rigid Bulk Packaging...... 186 3 Fibre Drum Demand by Market, 2013...... 88 3 Steel Use in Rigid Bulk 8 Pharmaceutical Market for 4 Plastic Drum Demand by Market, 2013...... 97 Packaging by Product...... 59 Rigid Bulk Packaging...... 189 5 Plastic Demand by Market, 2013...... 106 4 Paperboard & Wood Panel Use in Rigid 9 Detergent & Cleaner Market for 6 Steel Pail Demand by Market, 2013...... 113 Bulk Packaging by Product...... 63 Rigid Bulk Packaging...... 191 7 Bulk Demand by Market, 2013...... 120 10 Agricultural Chemical Market 8 Material Handling Container PRODUCTS for Rigid Bulk Packaging...... 194 Demand by Market, 2013...... 136 11 Other Chemical Markets for 9 Rigid Intermediate Bulk Container 1 Rigid Bulk Packaging Demand by Type...... 66 Rigid Bulk Packaging...... 197 Demand by Market, 2013...... 160 2 Drum Shipments by Type...... 69 12 Food & Beverage Shipments...... 201 3 Steel Drum Shipments by Type...... 73 13 Food & Beverage Market for MARKETS 4 Steel Drum Demand by Market...... 79 Rigid Bulk Packaging...... 203 5 Fibre Drum Shipments...... 84 14 Plastic, Rubber, & Fiber Shipments...... 211 1 Rigid Bulk Packaging Demand 6 Fibre Drum Demand by Market...... 87 15 Plastic, Rubber, & Fiber Market by Market, 2013...... 164 7 Plastic Drum Shipments...... 91 for Rigid Bulk Packaging...... 213 2 Chemical & Pharmaceutical Market for 8 Plastic Drum Demand by Market...... 96 16 Petroleum & Lubricant Product Rigid Bulk Packaging by Type, 2013.... 173 9 Pail Shipments by Type...... 100 Supply & Demand...... 216 3 Chemical & Pharmaceutical Market for Rigid 10 Plastic Pail Shipments by Type...... 103 17 Petroleum & Lubricant Market Bulk Packaging by Chemical, 2013...... 180 11 Plastic Pail Demand by Market...... 105 for Rigid Bulk Packaging...... 219 12 Steel Pail Shipments by Type...... 110 18 Agricultural & Horticultural Indicators.... 223 INDUSTRY STRUCTURE 13 Steel Pail Demand by Market...... 112 19 Agricultural & Horticultural Market 14 Bulk Box Shipments...... 117 for Rigid Bulk Packaging...... 226 1 US Rigid Bulk Packaging 15 Bulk Box Demand by Market...... 119 20 Durable Goods Shipments...... 230 Market Share, 2013...... 243 16 Material Handling Container 21 Durable Goods Market for Shipments by Type...... 125 Rigid Bulk Packaging...... 233 17 Plastic Tote Shipments...... 128 22 Other Markets for Rigid Bulk Packaging... 236 18 Plastic Shipments...... 130 19 Steel Material Handling Container Shipments...... 132 INDUSTRY STRUCTURE 20 Material Handling Container 1 US Rigid Bulk Packaging Sales Demand by Market...... 135 by Company, 2013...... 240 21 Rigid Intermediate Bulk Container 2 Selected Acquisitions & Divestitures...... 248 Shipments by Type...... 142 3 Selected Cooperative Agreements...... 260 22 Plastic Body RIBC Shipments...... 145

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Gains will be driven in part by expanded use of larger, higher value reusable bulk containers that are more cost effective than smaller bulk containers with shorter service lives.

US demand to rise 4% annually through 2018 US Rigid Bulk Packaging Pails Demand for rigid bulk packaging is Demand, 2018 projected to increase 4.0 percent per ($7.3 billion) year to $7.3 billion in 2018. A resurgence in manufacturing output and construction Drums activity will fuel rebounds in the produc- tion of chemicals and plastic materials, which will support heightened demand for related rigid bulk packaging. Addition- Bulk Boxes ally, gains will be driven by expanded use of larger, higher value reusable containers that are more cost effective Material Handling than smaller containers with shorter Containers service lives. Advances for these larger containers will be moderated by competi- Rigid Intermediate tion from flexible intermediate bulk Bulk Containers containers (FIBCs) in some applications. Prospects will also benefit from trends that are increasing the competitiveness of the manufacturing sector in the US, efficiency. Demand for RIBCs and Chemicals, drugs to be including insourcing (also called reshor- material handling containers will also be ing or onshoring) and rising production of boosted by increased emphasis among fastest growing markets shale oil and gas. These factors will users of these containers on sustainabil- Chemicals and pharmaceuticals gener- moderate the outsourcing of production ity and closed-loop supply chains. Plastic ate more than half of demand in the that has restricted growth for manufac- drums will post above average gains dominant nondurables market, and will turing in recent decades. based on cost and performance advan- experience the fastest gains. Growth will tages over fibre and steel drums. be fueled by a rebound in chemical RIBCs, material handling Nonetheless, advances will be held back output combined with the healthcare containers to lead gains by competition from RIBCs as well as needs of an aging US population and the entrenched position of steel and fibre continuing innovations in drug develop- Rigid intermediate bulk containers drums in certain applications. Drums, the ment. Growth in the food and beverage (RIBCs) and material handling contain- largest rigid bulk packaging product type market will be helped by population ers are expected to see the fastest in value terms in 2013, will register increases, improved consumer spending growth through 2018. Beyond a brighter improved growth from the recession- levels, and favorable prospects for value economic picture, advances for these impacted 2008-2013 period but increas- added food types such as prepared and containers will be driven by cost benefits es will trail the overall market as a result assembled products, which tend to over smaller or single-trip containers of further losses to alternative formats, contain bulk ingredients shipped in rigid arising from factors such as greater especially larger capacity types. and flexible bulk packaging. reusability, and storage and handling Copyright 2014 The Freedonia Group, Inc.

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Sample Text, TABLE IV-15

Table & Chart BULK BOX DEMAND BY MARKET (million dollars)

Item 2003 2008 2013 2018 2023

Bulk Box Shipments 725 895 1080 1315 1560

- net exports 11 15 20 25 30 products Bulk Box Demand 714 880 1060 1290 1530 Plastic Body RIBCs Plastic, Rubber, & Fiber 417 516sam 583ple 715 851 Shipments of plastic body rigid intermediate bulk containers Food are & exBeverages- 186 232 323 389 460 pected to increase 7.3 percent per year to $655 million in 2018. Chemicals In unit & Pharmaceuticals 47 56t able65 81 100 terms, shipments will increase 5.4 percent annually to 2.7 million. Durable Value Goods 41 50 58 70 80 and unit gains will improvesam from pletheir 2008-2013 performance Agricultural based & Horticultural Products 23 26 31 35 39 on a rebound in chemical manufacturing in light of a strengthening of the overall US economy. Growthtex willt also continue to outpace % the bulk rigid boxes 17.6 16.7 17.7 17.7 17.5 bulk packaging industry average as plastic body RIBCs makeRigid inroads Bulk Packaging Demand 4052 5278 5995 7300 8750 into various bulk packaging applications and gain ground against smaller bulk containers (e.g., steel and plastic drums). Gains for plastic body RIBCs will reflect the inherent advantages of these containers, including extended reusability; improved space utilization; ease of handling, load- ing, filling, and dispensing; and design features that improve drainage or facilitate loading and unloading. Preventing faster growth will be drawbacks of higher costs associated with tracking, cleaning, and reuse of RIBCs.

Plastic body RIBCs are made from rigid plastic, mainly HDPE, and can be either freestanding or have a tubular steel outer to withstand stacking loads. The latter, which is the most common plastic RIBC format, utilizes a blow molded . Advances in large-part blow processes have enabled the production of blow molded RIBCs of 275 gallons and larger. can offer advantages related to more complex manufacturing requirements, such as the use of different resins in a multilayer container. CHART VI-1 All-plastic RIBCs include units made via rotational molding and injection molding. Rotational molded containers, which are thicker and US RIGID BULK PACKAGING MARKET SHARE more impact resistant than blow molded RIBCs, do not utilize a metal ($6.0 billion, 2013) cage. These containers are also more likely to serve as storage contain- ers rather than shipping containers. Injection molded RIBCs resemble material handling containers and are often made by material handling 14.0% G reif

Copyright 2014 The Freedonia Group, Inc. 143

M a rke t 9.3% BW AY O th e rs sample L e a d e rs 5 5 .2 % 4 4 .8 %chart 7.0% MAUSER

5.8% In tl Pap er

4.5% M en ash a 4.2% L etica

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Sample Profile, TABLE V-13 Table & Forecast FOOD & BEVERAGE MARKET FOR RIGID BULK PACKAGING (million dollars)

Item 2003 2008 2013 2018 2023

Food & Beverage Shipments (bil $) 532.7 703.1 828.2 954.0 1111.0 $ pkg/000$ food & bev 1.39 1.33 1.45 1.52 1.56

Food & Beverage Rigid Bulk Packaging 743 936 1205 1450 1735 Pails: 314 335 417 501 583 Plastic Pails 302 320 400 483 563 Steel Pails 12 s15am 17ple 18 20 Bulk Boxes 186 232 323 389 460 Drums: 145 188t able222 246 282 Plastic Drums 44 69 81 103 131 COMPANY PROFILES Fibre Drums 70 70 77 71 72 Steel Drums 31 49 64 72 79 Material Handling Containers 66 119 157 200 255 IBC North America Incorporated RIBCs 32 62 86 114 155 4545 Clawson Tank Drive Clarkston, MI 48346 % food & beverage 22.7 21.9 24.5 24.1 23.9 248-625-8700 Nondurables Rigid Bulk Pkg Demand 3276 4265 4920 6025 7255 http://www.ibcna.com

Annual Sales: $80 million (estimated) Employment: 350 (estimated)sample

Key Products/Services: rigidprofile intermediate bulk containers; and clean- ing, reconditioning, recycling, and remanufacturing rigid intermediate bulk containers STUDY IBC North America specializes in the manufacture and sale of blow molded, composite, rigid intermediate bulk containers (RIBCs) COVERAGE for the handling and storage of dry and liquid products. The privately held company also makes underground and aboveground storage tanks This Freedonia study, Rigid Bulk and process/mixing tanks. In addition, IBC North America has an Packaging, offers historical data RIBC reconditioning and plastic business called Clean Tide Container (Robertsdale, Alabama). (2003, 2008, 2013) plus forecasts for 2018 and 2023 for demand by The Company participates in the US rigid bulk packaging industry product and market, as well as through the manufacture of PASSPORT and IBC GREEN RIBCs, which are both designed to ship and handle a variety of hazardous and data on the consumption of major nonhazardous bulk liquids. PASSPORT RIBCs consist of fluted blow raw materials. The study also dis- molded high density (HDPE) encased in square tu- cusses key market environment bular metal . The fluted design of the HDPE bottles allows them to nest into the tubular frame, adding extra capacity to each PASSPORT factors, details industry structure, RIBC. IBC North America manufactures the metal cage component of evaluates company market share PASSPORT RIBCs via a patented four-point welding process at each and profiles 34 competitors in the joint. These RIBCs are available attached to galvanized steel, heat- treated wood, or blow molded HDPE . The Company produces US rigid bulk packaging industry.

Copyright 2014 The Freedonia Group, Inc. 283

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Page 7 INDUSTRY MARKET RESEARCH FOR BUSINESS LEADERS, STRATEGISTS, DECISION MAKERS

Other Studies About The Freedonia Group The Freedonia Group, Inc., is a leading international industry market research com- Corrugated & Paperboard Boxes pany that provides its clients with information and analysis needed to make informed US corrugated and paperboard box demand will rise 2.6 percent per year to $39.4 billion in 2018. Cor- strategic decisions for their businesses. Studies help clients identify business oppor- rugated and solid fiber boxes will remain the largest tunities, develop strategies, make investment decisions and evaluate opportunities and fastest growing product segment. The food and beverage market will remain dominant, based in part and threats. Freedonia research is designed to deliver unbiased views and reliable on more value-added boxes such as display ready outlooks to assist clients in making the right decisions. Freedonia capitalizes on and moisture-resistant types. This study analyzes the resources of its proprietary in-house research team of experienced economists, the $34.7 billion US corrugated and paperboard box industry, with forecasts for 2018 and 2023 by mate- professional analysts, industry researchers and editorial groups. Freedonia covers rial, product and market. The study also evaluates a diverse group of industries throughout the United States, China and other world company market shares and profiles industry players. #3235...... December 2014...... $5300 markets. Industries analyzed by Freedonia include:

Automotive & Other Transport • Chemicals • Construction & Building Products • Con- World Protective Packaging sumer Goods • Energy & Petroleum • Industrial Components • Health Care & Life World demand for protective packaging will rise 6.1 percent annually to nearly $27 billion in 2018. The Sciences • Machinery & Equipment • Metals, Minerals & Glass • Packaging • Plastics Asia/Pacific region will see the fastest gains. The on- & Other Polymers • Security • Services • Textiles & Nonwovens • Water Treatment line retail market will continue to grow rapidly from a small base and boost the whole retail segment, while manufacturing remains the dominant market. This Click here to learn more about Freedonia study analyzes the $20 billion world protective pack- aging industry, with forecasts for 2018 and 2023 by product, material, function, market, world region, and for 24 countries. The study also evaluates company Freedonia Custom Research market share and profiles industry participants. #3215...... October 2014...... $6300 Freedonia Custom Research delivers the same high quality, thorough and unbiased assessment of an industry or market as an industry study. Since the research initia- World tive is based upon a company’s specific needs, companies harness Freedonia’s World demand will rise 4.9 percent yearly to 58 billion square meters in 2018, valued at $114 billion. research capabilities and resources to answer unique questions. When you leverage The Asia/Pacific region will be the fastest growing the results of a Freedonia Custom Research engagement, you are able to obtain market, due to the continued rapid expansion of Chi- important answers to specific questions and issues associated with: mergers and nese and Indian label demand. The product mix will continue to shift away from glue-applied paper labels. acquisitions, new product launches/development, geographic expansion, entry into This study analyzes the 45 billion square meter world new markets, strategic business planning, and investment and funding decisions. label industry, with forecasts for 2018 and 2023 by application method, material, market, world region, and for 19 countries. The study also evaluates com- Freedonia Custom Research is ideal for companies seeking to make a strategic dif- pany market share and profiles industry participants. ference in the status quo and focus on future business growth. Working side by side #3185...... August 2014...... $6300 with clients, Freedonia’s team is able to define a research project that is custom- World Pressure Sensitive Tapes tailored to answer specific questions and provide the basis from which a company can make informed business decisions. World demand for pressure sensitive (PSA) tapes is projected to increase 5.0 percent annually to more than 50 billion square meters in 2018. Growth Click here to learn more about Custom Research will remain the fastest in China, India and other rap- idly developing countries, while more developed mar- kets such as the US will see accelerating gains. This study analyzes the 39.3 billion square meter world PSA tape industry, with forecasts for 2018 and 2023 by tape type, backing material, world region, and for 22 countries. The study also evaluates company market share and profiles industry competitors. #3163...... May 2014...... $6300

World Pallets Global sales of pallets are projected to climb 5.0 percent annually through 2017 to 5.1 billion units. The Asia/Pacific region will be the fastest growing market and will surpass North America as the largest. Plastic pallets will grow the fastest based on their cleanability and recyclability, while wood pallets will remain domi- nant based on their low cost. This study analyzes the four billion unit global industry, with forecasts for 2017 and 2022 by product, market, world region, and for 25 countries. The study also evaluates com- pany market share and profiles industry players. Click here for complete title list Click here to visit freedoniagroup.com #3126...... February 2014...... $6100

Page 8 The Freedonia Group, Inc. 767 Beta Drive • Cleveland, OH • 44143-2326 • USA • Web site: www.freedoniagroup.com Tel US: 800.927.5900 or +1 440.684.9600 • Fax: +1 440.646.0484 • e-mail: [email protected]