AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_1 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

PUBLISHED BY THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY CENTRAL PARK WEST AT 79TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10024 Number 3305, 69 pp., 23 ®gures, 1 table 13 December, 2000

Revision of the North American Bug Genus Megalopsallus Knight, with the Description of Eight New Species from the West (Heteroptera: : )

RANDALL T. SCHUH1

ABSTRACT Megalopsallus Knight is revised, with 29 valid species recognized; 8 species are described as new and 13 previously described species are newly treated as junior synonyms. Merino- capsus Knight is treated as a junior synonym of Megalopsallus. The species albi- pubscens Knight and Europiella monticola Knight, formerly placed in Megalopsallus are treat- ed as incertae sedis and belonging to Europiella, respectively. Habitus and male genitalic illustrations are provided for all Megalopsallus species; scanning micrographs of the head, scent-gland evaporatory area, vestiture, and pretarsus are included for selected species. A key to males is presented. The majority of Megalopsallus spp. are recorded from dry interior portions of the American West; two species are recorded from the Gulf Coast and East Coast of the United States. Host information is presented for most species, indicating an obligate association with halophytes, most in the families Ephedraceae (Ephedrales) and Chenopodi- aceae and Solanaceae (Angiospermae). The relationships of Megalopsallus within the are discussed.

INTRODUCTION the type. Later, Knight (1968) described nu- Knight (1927) described Megalopsallus, merous species in the genus Europiella Reu- with ®ve included species, designating atri- ter, many of which were subsequently moved plicis Knight from the Texas Gulf Coast as to Megalopsallus by Schuh et al. (1995), on

1 George Willett Curator of Entomology and Chair, Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History.

Copyright ᭧ American Museum of Natural History 2000 ISSN 0003-0082 / Price $9.60 AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_2 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

2 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 3305

the basis of male genitalic structure. The lat- ments for all species are given in table 1, and ter authors did not, however, deal with issues these data should be used for making size of synonymy and description of new taxa comparisons. All measurements are given in within Megalopsallus. millimeters. Species treatments are presented Knight (1968) described Merinocapsus, in alphabetical order. with a single included species. Schuh (1986) later described an additional new species in Megalopsallus Knight Merinocapsus and treated Ankylotylus Knight, 1968, with a single included species, Megalopsallus Knight, 1927: 224 (n. gen.). Merinocapsus Knight, 1968: 34 (n. gen.). NEW as a junior synonym. SYNONYMY. The present paper provides a detailed re- Ankylotylus Knight, 1968: 55 (n. gen.; syn. by vision of Megalopsallus, with a total of 29 Schuh, 1986: 217). valid species of these relatively colorful bugs; three of those species were previously TYPE SPECIES: Megalopsallus atriplicis placed in Merinocapsus Knight. Thirteen Knight, 1927. pre-existing names are treated as junior syn- DIAGNOSIS: Recognized by weakly ¯at- onyms, eight species are described as new, tend, lanceolate, silvery or white setae gen- habitus and genitalic illustrations are provid- erally distributed on dorsum and thoracic ed for all species, scanning micrographs are pleuron, intermixed with pale or dark, reclin- provided for some structures from selected ing, simple setae (®gs. 1C, 17D), elongate species, and a key to species is presented. nearly parallel-sided body form in males The relationships of Megalopsallus to other contrasted with ovate body form of females groups within the Phylini are discussed. (®gs. 7±12), broad, usually short head in Although many of the species here placed males (®gs. 7±12), and small, relatively sim- in Megalopsallus were originally described ple vesica of male genitalia (®gs. 13±16) in Europiella by Knight, primarily on the ba- with apex blunt or as a single or bi®d, short sis of pretarsal structure (Knight, 1968), the apical projection, and gonopore sclerite morphology of the male genitalia and other (when present) lacking barbs. Coloration of- structures offers no suggestion of a close re- ten largely red or green, a few species cas- lationship between the two groups. The pul- taneous, but then appendages often partly to villi show considerable size variation in Me- entirely red. Known species feeding on hal- galopsallus, similar to that seen in Atracto- ophytes, primarily members of Ephedraceae, tomus Fieber (Stonedahl, 1990), and are Chenopodiaceae, and Solanaceae. therefore of little use in diagnosing the Megalopsallus was confounded by Knight group. Contrary to Knight's (1927) original (1968) with Europiella Reuter, but is easily characterization, the pulvilli (pseudarolia of distinguished by the more ¯attened body Knight) are not ``entirely absent,'' but range form in most species, the simpler, more del- from small and -like (®g. 17) icate structure and much smaller size of the to greatly enlarged and covering much of the male genitalia, and the preference for halo- ventral claw surface (®g. 18). phytic hosts rather than members of the As- Hosts are documented for nearly all of the teraceae. Some dark-colored species, such as included species. The massive number of knowltoni and nigrofemoratus are similar in available host records allows for plant- appearance to some Plagiognathus species, associations to be critically assessed. It is but are always separable by the form of the now clear on which plant species most Me- male genitalia; furthermore, most Plagiog- galopsallus species breed, as well as on nathus spp. have only simple setae on the which plant species they do not breed. Al- dorsum and elsewhere on the body. The pul- though host ®delity is not absolute in all spe- villi are sometimes large and cover most of cies, it is shown to be very strong for most. the ventral claw surface in Megalopsallus The habitus photographs are not all repro- (®gs. 18C, 20D, but see ®g. 17E), whereas duced at a comparable scale. Thus, relative in Plagiognathus the pulvilli are always sizes of the taxa should not be assessed by small and cover only a small area near the comparing the ®gures. Detailed measure- base of the claw. As noted above, Knight's AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_3 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

2000 SCHUH: REVISION OF MEGALOPSALLUS 3

(1927) characterization of pulvillar structure often sclerotized and attenuated, as either a in Megalopsallus was in error. single spine or bi®d, sometimes membra- REDESCRIPTION: Male: Small to moderately nous; (secondary) gonopore either apical or large species, total length 2.31±5.20, length subapical, occasionally only weakly sclero- apex clypeus±cuneal fracture 1.73±3.31, tized; gonopore sclerite subtending gonopore width across pronotum 0.83±1.32; usually often present and well sclerotized (®gs. 13± elongate and more or less parallel sided (®gs. 16, gs), never with barbs as in many Atrac- 7±12). COLORATION AND VESTITURE: totomus species; paramere and phallotheca Coloration, including all appendages, rang- typical of Phylini, without distinctive char- ing from totally pale, white, to almost totally acteristics (®gs. 14±16). black, often greenish or reddish. Vestiture of Female: Total length 2.28±3.98, length dorsum comprising reclining or recumbent, apex clypeus±cuneal fracture 1.74±2.96, pale to dark, simple setae intermixed with width across pronotum 0.96±1.42; often white, silvery, or rarely somewhat golden, broadly oval to elongate ovoid and of more weakly to moderately ¯attened, usually lan- robust body form than males (®gs. 7±12); an- ceolate, sometimes woolly, setae (®gs. 7±12), tennal segment 2 of slightly smaller diameter latter type also occurring on thoracic pleuron than in males, sometimes spindle-shaped (®g. and abdominal venter. Tibial spines pale or 23). dark, with or without dark spots at bases. DISCUSSION: Comparison of the 29 species STRUCTURE: Body form generally some- here recognized within Megalopsallus indi- what ¯attened; head broad, short longitudi- cates that the continued treatment of Meri- nally and clypeus not visible from above. nocapsus as a separate group almost certain- Eyes sometimes bulging and removed from ly renders the former group paraphyletic. pronotal margin, more commonly conform- Therefore, Merinocapsus is treated as a ju- ing to curvature of frons and to anterior nior synonym of Megalopsallus. pronotal margin. Antennal segment 2 cylin- The af®nities of Megalopsallus appear to drical (®gs. 5, 6) or more rarely spindle- be with Atractotomus Fieber, Knightomiro- shaped, especially in females (®g. 23). Hem- ides Stonedahl and Schwartz, Phoenicocoris elytra often elongate to strongly elongate and Reuter, Pinomiris Stonedahl and Schwartz, nearly parallel-sided, abdomen often reach- and possibly Chlamydatus Curtis, based par- ing only to cuneal fracture, less frequently ticularly on the male genitalic structure, the hemelytra not so elongate and body form genitalia being relatively small, the vesica elongate ovoid. Metathoracic scent-gland being formed of a single strap, and the sub- evaporatory area as in ®gs. 1B, 3B, etc.; me- apical secondary gonopore frequently being sothoracic spiracle with an elongate, con- subtended by a gonopore sclerite (Kelton, spicuous area of ``mushroom bodies'' dorsad 1965; Stonedahl, 1990; Stonedahl and of spiracle (®gs. 3B, 4B). Claws ranging Schwartz, 1996). Although several Megal- from relatively short and curving only near opsallus species have the gonopore sclerite apex (®g. 1D) to relatively long and slender, (®gs. 13±16, gs) described by Stonedahl smoothly curving over entire length (®g. (1990), none have barbs on the sclerite. The 17E); pulvilli ranging from minute (®g. 17E) apex of the vesica in Megalopsallus is usu- to large and covering nearly entire ventral ally attenuated, in the form of a single, short, claw surface (®g. 18C). Abdomen in males simple spine, or is bi®d. Atractotomus, Chla- ¯attened dorsoventrally, broad basally and mydatus, and Phoenicocoris are Holarctic in broadly curving and narrowing toward rela- distribution, whereas the other genera are re- tively small genital capsule (®g. 17B). stricted to the Nearctic. MALE GENITALIA: Genital capsule and In addition to the above described mor- genitalia small relative to size of (®g. phological differences, the host associations 17B); vesica formed of a single strap usually in Megalopsallus are distinctive within this twisted to form an S shape (®gs. 13, atripli- related group of genera. Megalopsallus spp. cis), more rarely forming a weak coil (®g. are restricted to halophytes in the genus 13, brendae) or not twisted and in the shape of the primitive seed-plant group of a J (®gs. 16, punctatus); apex of vesica Ephedrales and among the angiosperms pri- AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_4 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

4 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 3305

marily to several genera in the Chenopodi- is moderately to greatly elongate and clothed aceae and to the solanaceous genus Lycium. with long to very long more-or-less erect se- Knightomiroides, Phoenicocoris, Pinomiris, tae. The vesica appears to be formed of a and some Atractotomus spp. feed on the single strap, as in Megalopsallus, and the Coniferales with the remaining Atractotomus genital capsule is relatively small. The gen- spp. breeding on a variety of angiosperms; eral appearance and coloration of Nasocoris none are known to feed on the Chenopodi- tesquorum Kerzhner are similar to those of aceae, Solanaceae, or Ephedraceae (Stone- Megalopsallus pallidus and the dorsal vesti- dahl, 1990; Stonedahl and Schwartz, 1996). ture is also similar to that of Megalopsallus A very few other Nearctic Phylini feed on spp. (Wagner, 1973). halophytes. Among those that do is Tanner- Psallomimus Wagner, with one species in ocoris sarcobati Knight, 1970, which is Egypt and the rest of its species further south found only on Sarcobatus, but which shows in Africa (Schuh, 1995), has relatively small no obvious relationship with Megalopsallus genitalia and the vesica is formed of a single on the basis of habitus or male genitalic mor- strap as in Megalopsallus. However, the ves- phology. titure is always of simple setae, and the bugs The Holarctic species Atomoscelis onustus are otherwise Plagiognathus-like in appear- (Fieber), 1861, belonging to an otherwise Pa- ance. The only known host record is from learctic group, apparently feeds exclusively Solanum sp. (Linnavuori, 1993). on ruderal chenopods; most Nearctic records Psallopsis Reuter has 15 described species of this species are as Atomoscelis modestus from the Mediterranean, Middle East, and (Van Duzee), 1914 [see Kerzhner and Schuh, Central Asia; all breed on members of the 1998, for synonymy with Atomoscelis onus- Chenopodiaceae (Schuh, 1995). Although tus (Fieber)]. The vesica of Atomoscelis ap- host preferences in Psallopsis might suggest pears always to be formed of a single strap a relationship with Megalopsallus, the male basally, but is divided in two at the base of genitalia indicate otherwise, the vesica being the secondary gonopore, a condition never formed of two chitinous straps, rather than seen in the species here assigned to Megal- one as is the case in Megalopsallus (Wagner, opsallus. Furthermore, Atomoscelis spp. are 1975). usually ovate and much less strongly sexu- In conclusion, it appears that Megalopsal- ally dimorphic than Megalopsallus spp. lus as here diagnosed is restricted to the Ne- A few other Palearctic Phylini merit ex- arctic, and within that region to halophytic amination as possible Megalopsallus rela- plant groups. My conception of Megalopsal- tives on the basis of morphology and/or host lus is relatively broad, because when treated preferences. They are discussed here with the otherwise the result would be several more objective of determining whether Megalop- dif®cult to diagnose genera. sallus as a monophyletic group extends be- Although Megalopsallus shows its greatest yond the Nearctic. species diversity in saline environments in Camptotylidea Wagner comprises 28 spe- interior western North America, it also oc- cies (Konstantinov, 1999) occurring primar- curs in the eastern United StatesÐprimarily ily in desert areas; many of them feed on along the coastlineÐfrom Texas to Connect- chenopods. The vestiture of Camptotylidea is icut, and most recently has been recorded composed of only simple setae and the vesica from coastal halophytes in the Dominican is always extended apically well beyond the Republic. Unfortunately, eastern North secondary gonopore, unlike the conditions American is relatively poorly collected and found in all species here assigned to Megal- few host records are available, in stark con- opsallus. trast to the West where nearly all species Nasocoris Reuter from the Mediterranean have well-documented hosts. and adjacent areas appears to feed exclusive- The following key to species is designed ly on Ephedra (Schuh, 1995), which might for use with male specimens. For most spe- suggest a relationship with Megalopsallus. cies the description of coloration will also However, the clypeus is distinctively ¯at- pertain to females, although table 1 will have tened and extended and antennal segment 1 to be consulted for measurements. For a few AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_5 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

2000 SCHUH: REVISION OF MEGALOPSALLUS 5

species it will be necessary to dissect the sarcobati Knight, 1969 (Europiella) male genitalia to be con®dent of the identi- schwartzi, new species ®cation. Sometimes host information will al- sparsus Van Duzee, 1918 (Europiella) low accurate identi®cation of species such as stitti Knight, 1968 (Europiella) humeralis and nigrofemoratus, which on the suaedae Knight, 1925 () basis of external morphology and coloration teretis, new species may be virtually indistinguishable. viridiventris Knight, 1968 (Europiella)

KEY TO MALES OF MEGALOPSALLUS KNIGHT CHECKLIST OF SPECIES NAMES PROPOSED OR USED WITHIN MEGALOPSALLUS KNIGHT 1. Dorsum, including head, nearly unicolorous pale, usually greenish, sometimes almost adustus Knight, 1927 (Megalopsallus) white or yellowish or pinkish; dorsum albipubescens Knight (Europiella) [incertae sometimes with small reddish spots or oth- sedis] er markings on head, pronotum, and scu- arizonae Knight (Megalopsallus) tellum, or light brown spots at bases of se- atriplicis Knight, 1927 (Megalopsallus) tae ...... 2 atriplicis Knight, 1968 (Psallus) [preoccu- ± At least head, and often much of dorsum, darkened, ranging from pale reddish to pied; see punctatus] nearly black ...... 15 balli Knight, 1968 (Europiella) 2. Membrane marmorate; entire dorsum, venter, brendae, new species and appendages pale green (®g. 7); legs brevicornis Knight, 1968 (Europiella) with some small brown spots; male geni- brittoni Knight, 1927 (Megalopsallus) talia as in ®gure 13 (San Joaquin Valley, californicus, new species California; host unknown) . . californicus diversipes Knight (Europiella) ± Membrane not marmorate; coloration of dor- ephedrae Knight, 1968 (Merinocapsus) sum pale, sometimes greenish or pinkish ephedrellus, new species ...... 3 femoralis Kelton, 1980 (Megalopsallus) 3. Antennal segment 1 almost entirely dark; dor- sum pale green (see ®g. 7, brendae)... 4 ¯ammeus, new species ± Antennal segment 1 entirely pale; dorsum franseriae Knight, 1969 (Europiella) greenish or otherwise pale, although some- froeschneri Schuh, 1986 (Merinocapsus) times with reddish or brownish on prono- grayiae Knight, 1968 (Europiella) tum and scutellum (see ®g. 10, pallidus) humeralis Van Duzee, 1923 (Sthenarus) ...... 5 knowltoni Knight, 1970 (Europiella) 4. Femora pale green with some distinct black latifrons Knight (Europiella) spots (®g. 7); vertex and calli sometimes lycii Knight, 1968 (Europiella) weakly infuscate; frons often with a dark marmoratus Knight, 1968 (Megalopsallus) transverse line at level of base of clypeus; montanae Knight, 1968 (Europiella) genitalia as in ®gure 13 (Mojave Desert; ex Lycium, Chenopodiaceae sp.) . . brendae monticola Knight (Europiella) (see Euro- ± Femora castaneous, usually appearing some- piella) what mottled (®g. 11); head and pronotum multipunctipes Knight, 1970 (Europiella) with some small red spots; genitalia as in nicholi Knight, 1968 (Europiella) ®gure 16 (Mojave Desert and south; ex Al- nigricaput, new species lenrolfea, Salsola, Suaeda) ..... pictipes nigrofemoratus Knight, 1968 (Europiella) 5. Body and appendages entirely pale (see ®g. nuperus Van Duzee, 1923 () 10, pallidus) ...... 6 pallidus Knight, 1968 (Nevadocoris) ± At least some areas not pale, e.g., medial ar- pallipes Knight, 1968 (Ankylotylus) eas of pronotum and scutellum, thoracic parapunctipes, new species sternum, spots on femora, and dark bases of tibial spines (see ®g. 12, sparsus)..7 pictipes Van Duzee, 1918 (Plagiognathus) 6. Eyes white (®g. 10); larger species, total punctatus, new name length 4.01±4.35, length apex clypeus±cu- punctipes Knight, 1968 (Europiella) neal fracture 2.61±2.83, width across pron- rubricornis Knight, 1968 (Europiella) otum 1.09±1.19; genitalia as in ®gure 15 rubropictipes Knight, 1927 (Megalopsallus) (; ex Atriplex, Grayia) ...... ru®ventris Knight, 1968 (Europiella) ...... pallidus AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_6 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

6 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 3305

± Eyes red (®g. 12); smaller species, total at most thoracic sternum darkened, thoracic length 3.46±3.70, length apex clypeus±cu- pleuron and abdomen pale; setae on dor- neal fracture 2.26±2.37, width across pron- sum sometimes with brown bases .... 12 otum 0.96±1.03; genitalia as in ®gure 16 12. Dorsum pale, nearly white, more or less uni- (Great Basin; ex Sarcobatus) schwartzi formly covered with tiny brown spots at ba- 7. Eyes red or reddish, distinctly protuberant, ses of setae on a lighter background (®g. especially in males (®g. 12, rubropictipes); 11); large broad-bodied, total length 3.78± femora often with some reddish spots or 4.15, length apex clypeus±cuneal fracture markings ...... 8 2.47±2.70, width across pronotum 1.16± ± Eyes pale (®g. 12, sarcobati), grayish, or 1.27; genitalia as in ®gure 16 (extreme west- blackish (®g. 12, sparsus), never bright red ern Texas, , , southern or strongly protruding; femora spotted, but Nevada; ex Atriplex) ...... punctatus never with red ...... 11 ± Dorsum, although uniformly pale, never with 8. Dorsum largely pale, cream colored, prono- brown spots at bases of setae; size variable tum (except humeral angles) and scutellum ...... 13 contrastingly reddish or brownish (®g. 10); 13. Elongate slender species, total length 3.28± genitalia as in ®gure 15 (southern Nevada 4.12, length apex clypeus±cuneal fracture and ; ex Ephedra) ...... pallipes 1.93±3.16, width of head 0.65±0.74, width ± Dorsum unicolorous or nearly so, at most across pronotum 0.91±1.00; coloration with some small red spots on head and pale; ex Atriplex ...... 14 pronotum ...... 9 ± Shorter, more robust species, total length 9. Relatively small, slender species (®g. 7), total 3.04±3.26, length apex clypeus±cuneal length 3.25±3.77, length apex clypeus±cu- fracture 2.05±2.22, width of head 0.84± neal fracture 2.20±2.48, head relatively 0.87, width across pronotum 1.01±1.08; narrow, width across eyes 0.77±0.84; gen- coloration always at least weakly greenish italia as in ®gure 13 (Interior western North (®g. 12); genitalia as in ®gure 16 (Great America, western Great Plains south to Basin; ex Sarcobatus) ...... sarcobati southern Texas; ex Atriplex, Sarcobatus) 14. Thoracic sternum infuscate; genitalia as in ...... atriplicis ®gure 15; total length 3.28±3.72, length ± Larger, more robust species, total length at apex clypeus±cuneal fracture 2.12±2.42, least 3.10, length apex clypeus±cuneal frac- width of head 0.65±0.73, width across ture at least 2.27, width across eyes 0.85± pronotum 0.91±1.00 (®g. 10) (SW Great 0.94 ...... 10 Basin; ex Atriplex confertifolia) ..... 10. Femora usually distinctly reddish, in contrast ...... parapunctipes to greenish coloration of dorsum (®g. 12); ± Thoracic sternum never dark; genitalia as in males elongate, females sometimes weakly ®gure 16; total length 2.91±4.12, length to strongly brachypterous; genitalia as in apex clypeus±cuneal fracture 1.93±3.16, ®gure 16 (Saskatchewan south to New width of head 0.73±0.74, width across Mexico and west to Oregon; ex Atriplex, pronotum 0.92±0.99 (®g. 11) (Great Basin Salicornia, Suaeda) ...... rubropictipes and southern Rocky Mountains; ex Atripex) ± Femora, if reddish, usually not noticeably ...... punctipes contrasting with remaining coloration (®g. 15. Membrane marmorate; dorsum usually tan 10); sexual dimorphism weak to nearly ab- with a greater or lesser amount of reddish sent (®g. 10); genitalia as in ®gure 15 (Tex- to brown spotting; all femora strongly red- as Gulf coast north to and Utah, dish brown (®g. 9); genitalia as in ®gure 15 coastal Sinaloa, Mexico, Dominican Re- (Arizona and adjacent areas; ex Allenrol- public; ex Atriplex, Batis, Salicornia, Suae- fea, Salicornia) ...... marmoratus da) ...... nuperus ± Membrane not marmorate; dorsum some- 11. Eyes black or blackish (®g. 12); thoracic times variably reddish brown with brown pleuron and venter and abdominal venter spots at bases of setae on lighter back- obviously infuscate; at least head often ground and femora reddish (®g. 7, brittoni, with dark markings, sometimes also ante- femoralis) ...... 16 rior pronotal lobe and scutellum (®g. 12); 16. General coloration, including legs and veins genitalia as in ®gure 16 (Saskatchewan of membrane, intensely and completely red south to Texas and west to southern Cali- or reddish (®g. 7, 8) ...... 17 fornia; ex Atriplex) ...... sparsus ± General coloration variable, but never com- ± Eyes pale, usually white or pale gray (®g. 12, pletely reddish ...... 18 sarcobati); head never with dark markings; 17. Pronotum and scutellum sometimes darker AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_7 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

2000 SCHUH: REVISION OF MEGALOPSALLUS 7

than remainder of dorsum (®g. 7); genitalia part or all of scutellum, and extreme base as in ®gure 14 (central Nevada; ex Sarcob- of hemelyta ranging from pale red to cas- atus baileyi) ...... ¯ammeus taneous, in contrast to white or pale green ± Pronotum and scutellum of same shade as re- remainder of dorsum ...... 24 mainder of dorsum (®g. 8); genitalia as in ± Coloration variable, but never exactly as ®gure 14 (southern Utah to northern Baja above, and if hemelytra mostly pale then California; ex Ephedra) ...... ephedrae abdomen mostly dark, or at most partially 18. Coloration of dorsum entirely dark, ranging pale with at least some reddish or infuscate from brown to black (®gs. 9, 10, 12, 21, areas ...... 25 23) ...... 19 24. Coloration as in ®gure 11; abdomen pale ± Coloration of dorsum never completely dark, green, strongly contrasting with castaneous ranging from completely pale to partly dark thoracic pleuron and venter; genitalia as in ...... 22 ®gure 16 (Great Basin; ex Sarcobatus) 19. Relatively large species, total length 4.51± ...... rubricornis 5.20, length apex clypeus±cuneal fracture ± Coloration as in ®gure 8; abdomen pale 2.79±3.31, width across pronotum 1.15± green, thoracic pleuron and venter pale or- 1.32; antennal segment 2 slender, of uni- ange; genitalia as in ®gure 13 (west Texas; form diameter, never spindle-shaped (®g. ex Ephedra) ...... ephedrellus 9); genitalia as in ®gure 14 (northern Great 25. Head, pronotum, and usually scutellum en- Basin; ex Sarcobatus vermiculatus) .... tirely castaneous to nearly black, or if not ...... knowltoni entirely so, then only posterior humeral an- ± Smaller species, total length in males 2.57± gles of pronotum and sometimes apex of 3.88, length apex clypeus±cuneal fracture scutellum pale ...... 26 1.74±2.46, width across pronotum 0.94± ± Head, pronotum, and scutellum not entirely 1.16; shape of antennal segment 2 straight castaneous, often largely pale ...... 30 or spindle-shaped ...... 20 26. Dark coloration of pronotum contrasting with 20. Antennal segment 2 in males enlarged, cylin- that of hemelytra, the latter ranging from drical, but diameter at most slightly greater largely pale to distinctly orange or reddish than diameter of segment 1 (®gs. 12, 22); ...... 27 antennal segment 2 in females moderately ± Dark coloration of pronotum usually not to strongly spindle-shaped (®gs. 12, 23); strongly contrasting with coloration of antennae and legs conspicuously reddish in hemelytra; if hemelytra pale, then cuneus most specimens; genitalia as in ®gure 16 never reddish ...... 29 (southern Nevada to Zacatecas, Mexico; ex 27. Head, pronotum, entire venter, and all femora Lycium) ...... teretis deep reddish to castaneous, contrasting ± Antennal segment 2 cylindrical in both sexes, with pale (but not white) coloration of never spindle-shaped, diameter slightly less hemelytra (®gs. 5, 9); cuneus always weak- than that of segment 1; vesica not as in ®g- ly reddish; genitalia as in ®gure 15 (south- ure 16; coloration of legs and antennae ern Arizona, Mexico; ex Lycium) ..... sometimes reddish ...... 21 ...... nicholi 21. Genitalia as in ®gure 15; antennal segments ± Head, pronotum, and scutellum nearly black; 1 and 2 varying from pale to reddish (®g. hemelytra, including cuneus, deep orange 10) (Canada to central Mexico; ex Atriplex, to red orange ...... 28 Grayia, ) ...... nigrofemoratus 28. Head, pronotum, and scutellum dull; femora ± Genitalia as in ®gure 14; antennal segments unicolorous dark (®g. 8); tibiae infuscate; 1 and 2 varying from pale to dark (®g. 9) genitalia as in ®gure 14 (southern Nevada (southern Nevada and California, Arizona, and Utah south to central Baja California; Baja California; ex Lycium)..humeralis ex Ephedra) ...... ephedrae 22. Head and eyes castaneous, strongly contrast- ± Head, pronotum, and scutellum polished and ing with pale green to nearly white remain- moderately to strongly shining (®g. 8); der of dorsum (®gs. 6, 9); antennal segment femora pale at least on distal one-half; tib- 1, thoracic venter (including coxae), and iae pale (southern Nevada, Utah, and Cal- much of femora also castaneous; genitalia ifornia; ex Ephedra) ...... froeschneri as in ®gure 15 (Arizona, Mojave Desert; ex 29. Genitalia as in ®gure 15; antennal segments Lycium) ...... nigricaput 1 and 2 usually pale, although sometimes ± If head and eyes castaneous, then remainder reddish (®g. 10) (Canada to central Mexi- of dorsum never entirely pale ...... 23 co; ex Atriplex, Grayia, and Sarcobatus) 23. Head, pronotum, mesoscutum, sometimes ...... nigrofemoratus AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_8 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

8 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 3305

± Genitalia as in ®gure 14; antennal segments cate; tibiae pale with dark spots at bases of 1 and 2 usually dark, less commonly red- pale spines. SURFACE AND VESTITURE: dish or pale (®g. 9) (southern Nevada and Dorsum smooth, weakly shining, clothed California, Arizona, Baja California; ex Ly- with recumbent, pale, simple setae inter- cium) ...... humeralis mixed with silvery, weakly ¯attened setae. 30. Hemelytra most frequently entirely pale, usu- ally weakly greenish or grayish; head, an- STRUCTURE: Hemelytra moderately elon- terior lobe of pronotum, mesoscutum, and gate, nearly parallel sided; eyes in males more rarely hemelytra broadly dark (®g. large, protuberant (®g. 7); labium reaching 12); genitalia as in ®gure 16 (Texas to posterior margin of middle trochanters; claws southern California; ex Atriplex) ..... relatively long and slender, smoothly curv- ...... sparsus ing; pulvilli minute. MALE GENITALIA: ± Coloration of dorsum reddish, often spotted Vesica weakly sigmoid, slender (®g. 13), at- or mottled, never greenish or grayish 31 tenuated apically; gonopore small, subapical, 31. Larger species, total length 3.57±3.82, length not subtended by a gonopore sclerite (®g. apex clypeus±cuneal fracture 2.58±2.71, 13). width across pronotum 1.18±1.29 (®g. 7); antennal segment 2 relatively long, length Female: Total length 2.97±3.19, length 1.04±1.16; genitalia as in ®gure 13 (coastal apex clypeus±cuneal fracture 2.14±2.33, Connecticut south to Florida and east to width across pronotum 0.99±1.08; relatively Texas); host unknown ...... brittoni stout, ovoid (®g. 7). ± Smaller species, total length 3.09±3.24, HOSTS: Atriplex matamorensis, Atriplex length apex clypeus±cuneal fracture 2.16± texana, Atriplex sp., Sarcobatus vermicula- 2.29, width across pronotum 0.99±1.07 tus, S. baileyi (Chenopodiaceae). (®g. 7); antennal segment 2 relatively short, DISTRIBUTION: Interior of western North length 0.83±0.92; genitalia as in ®gure 13 America east to the western plains south to (northern Rockies; ex Salicornia) .... southern Texas...... femoralis DISCUSSION: In the present paper atriplicis Megalopsallus atriplicis Knight is conceived as widespread and not strongly Figures 7, 13 host speci®c. This approach might be revised under more critical analysis. My treatment is Megalopsallus atriplicis Knight, 1927: 224 (n. in¯uenced by the fact that genitalia cannot sp.). be used to readily recognize this species, or DIAGNOSIS: Recognized by relatively small to distinguish it from nuperus and rubropic- size, protuberant red eyes, and distinctly red tipes, in particular. Also, nearly all material spots on the head, pronotum, and femora (®g. from the eastern part of the range, including 7). Possibly most easily confused with the type locality, was from older collections, schwartzi and nuperus. Former species also which made comparisons of coloration dif- occurring on Sarcobatus at same localities, ®cult. Finally, a vast section of the western but lacking red spots and protuberant eyes; plains and Rocky Mountains was virtually latter species more robust, without red spots unrepresented in the available sample of ma- and distinctive sexual dimorphism of atripli- terial. cis. Megalopsallus femoralis, marmoratus, SPECIMENS EXAMINED: USA. Ð Arizona: and pictipes frequently with red spots, but Coconino Co.: 1 mi E of Tuba City on Rt. without distinctly red eyes and strong sexual 163, 5000 ft, June 16, 1983, R. T. Schuh and dimorphism. M. D. Schwartz, Sarcobatus vermiculatus DESCRIPTION: Male: Small, elongate, total (Chenopodiaceae), 4(,3& (AMNH). Cali- length 3.25±3.77, length apex clypeus±cu- fornia: Inyo Co.: 2 mi E of Big Pine, June neal fracture 2.20±2.48, width across pron- 10, 1976±June 22, 1978, J. D. Pinto, Sarcob- otum 0.95±1.04. COLORATION: General atus vermiculatus (Chenopodiaceae), 2(,5& coloration cream to faded orange; vertex, an- (UCR). Mono Co.: 8 mi W of Nevada state terior margin of pronotum, and all femora line on Rt. 359, 6700 ft, July 2, 1983, R. T. with some reddish spots (®g. 7); eyes red; Schuh and M. D. Schwartz, Sarcobatus ver- thoracic pleuron and venter, all coxae, and miculatus (Chenopodiaceae), 6(,12& much of abdomen in females heavily infus- (AMNH). Colorado: Mineral Co.: Creede, AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_9 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

2000 SCHUH: REVISION OF MEGALOPSALLUS 9

June 21, 1990, J. T. and D. A. Polhemus, 1(, 16, 1979, M. J. Smith, N. Cobb, 1& (OSU). 2& (JTP). Moffat Co.: Gates of Lodore, June T41S R35E S5, July 6, 1979, M. J. Smith, 28, 1979, D. A. Polhemus, 1(,1& (JTP). N. Cobb, 1( (OSU). T36S R35E S8, June Rio Blanco Co.: W Evacuation Creek, 4 mi 26, 1979±September 4, 1979, M. J. Smith SE of state line on Rt. 45, 6400 ft, July 9, and N. Cobb, 5(,1& (OSU). T34S R35E 1981, M. D. Schwartz, Sarcobatus vermicu- S10 NE, July 12, 1979, Neil Cobb, 1& latus (Chenopodiaceae), 1& (AMNH). Mon- (OSU). Texas: Calhoun Co.: Port Lavaca, tana: Carbon Co.: Bear Creek between Red August 19, 1925±September 10, 1925, 7(, Lodge and Belfry, 5000 ft, August 12, 1986, 4& (USNM). Cameron Co.: Brownsville, Schwartz and Stonedahl, Sarcobatus vermi- April 17, 1925, Div. Cotton , Atriplex culatus (Chenopodiaceae), 2(,13& texana (Chenopodiaceae), 2( (USNM). (AMNH). Nevada: Elko Co.: Elko, July 12, Brownsville, April 25, 1926, T. C. Barber, 1965, H. H. Knight, 2(,17& (USNM). Utah Atriplex matamorensis (Chenopodiaceae), state line on Utah Rt. 30, 4760 ft, June 25, Paratypes: 7(,14& (CNC, USNM); holo- 1983, Schuh and Schwartz, Sarcobatus ver- type: male (USNM). Brownsville, February miculatus (Chenopodiaceae), 4(,27& 1, 1926, T. C. Barber, Atriplex matamorensis (AMNH). Esmeralda Co.: 13 mi W of Lida (Chenopodiaceae), Paratypes: 7(,10& on Rt. 3, 1938 m, July 13, 1980, R. T. Schuh (USNM). Brownsville, February 15, 1925, T. and G. M. Stonedahl, Sarcobatus vermicu- C. Barber, Atriplex matamorensis (Cheno- latus (Chenopodiaceae), 1(,1& (AMNH). podiaceae), Paratypes: 1( (USNM). Lander Co.: 11 mi S of Rt. 50 on Rt. 376, Brownsville, June 23, 1908, 1(,3& T17N R44E, 5800 ft, June 28, 1983, Schuh (USNM); Paratypes: 6(, (USNM). Browns- and Schwartz, Sarcobatus vermiculatus ville, May 1, 1925, Div. Cotton Insect, Atri- (Chenopodiaceae), 1(,14& (AMNH). 7.5 plex matamorensis (Chenopodiaceae), 15(, mi S of Rt 50 on Rt 376, T17N R44E, 5900 15& (USNM). Utah: Box Elder Co.: S. Va- ft, June 28, 1983, R. T. Schuh and M. D. led Site, August 24, 1972, W. J. Hanson, 1( Schwartz, Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Cheno- (USU). Cache Co.: Logan, July 22, 1938, G. podiaceae), 1& (AMNH). Lincoln Co.: Ca- F. Knowlton, D. E. Hardy, 1& (USU). Emery thedral Gorge State Park, June 17, 1986, J. Co.: Green River, May 21, 1963, G. F. B. Knight and K. R. Helms, 8(,1& Knowlton, 1( (USU). Gar®eld Co.: 14.3 S (AMNH). Nye Co.: 2.5 mi NE of Gabbs off of Rt. 95 on Rt. 276 (3.4 mi N of Starr Rt. 844, 4800 ft, July 2, 1983, R. T. Schuh Spring turnoff), 5000 ft, June 19, 1983, and M. D. Schwartz, 8( (AMNH). 30 mi S Schuh and Schwartz, 10(,15& (AMNH). of Rt. 50 on Rt 376, T13N R14E, 6000 ft, Grand Co.: E of Moab, Colorado River June 30, 1983, R. T. Schuh and M. D. bridge, May 26, 1979, J. T. and D. A. Pol- Schwartz, Sarcobatus vermiculatus var. bail- hemus, 5(,7& (JTP). San Juan Co.: 25 mi eyi (Chenopodiaceae), 1( (AMNH). 35 mi N of Monticello on Rt. 191, 5700 ft, July 18, N of Tonapah, Coyote Hole Spring/Sevier 1986, R. T. Schuh, Sarcobatus vermiculatus Reservoir, T8 R42E S11 & 23, 6000 ft, June (Chenopodiaceae), 2& (AMNH). Sevier Co.: 29, 1983, R. T. Schuh and M. D. Schwartz, Rich®eld, July 15, 1929, E. W. Davis, 7(, 83( (AMNH). 35 mi N of Tonapah, Coyote 3& (USNM). Salina, July 2, 1943, G. F. Hole Spring/Sevier Reservoir, T8 R42E S11 Knowlton, 2( (KU). Uintah Co.: 5±10 mi & 23, 6000 ft, June 30, 1983, Schuh, SE of Bonanza, 5000±5600 ft, May 14, Schwartz, Sarcobatus vermiculatus var. bail- 1982±September 6, 1982, M. D. Schwartz, eyi (Chenopodiaceae), 1(,10& (AMNH). Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Chenopodiaceae), Washoe Co.: 2 mi E of Vya on Rt. 8A, 1750 11(,16& (AMNH). Bonanza,at White River m, July 2, 1979, R. T. Schuh and B. M. Mas- Shale Project Trailers, T9S R24E Sec 23, sie, 2(,26& (AMNH). New Mexico: Eddy 5800 ft, May 6, 1982±July 7, 1981, M. D. Co.: April 24, 1979, Burke, Dolorme, Schwartz, Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Cheno- Schaffner, 5( (TAMU). Taos Co.: Ojo Cal- podiaceae), 7(,64& (AMNH). Weber Co.: iente, June 6, 1982, D. A. and J. T. Polhemus, Slaterville, July 12, 1967, G. F. Knowlton Atriplex sp. (Chenopodiaceae), 2( (JTP). and L. E. Frank, 1( (OSU). Washington: Oregon: Harney Co.: T41S R36E S8, July Yakima Co.: Yakima, August 15, 1931, A. AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_10 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

10 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 3305

Fig. 1. Megalopsallus brendae, male, scanning micrographs. A. Lateral view of head and thorax. B. Mesothoracic spiracle and metathoracic scent gland evaporatory area. C. Detail of setae comprising dorsal vestiture. D. Lateral view of pretarsus.

R. Rolfs, 11(,10& (USNM). Yakima, June somewhat heavier and more nearly forming 30, 1932, A. R. Rolfs, 10(,8& (USNM). a coil than in most other Megalopsallus spe- : Sheridan Co.: Arvada, July 31, cies (®g. 13). 1927, H. H. Knight, Sarcobatus vermiculatus DESCRIPTION: Male: Relatively small, total (Chenopodiaceae), 1(,2& (USNM). length 2.74±3.16, length apex clypeus±cu- neal fracture 2.74±3.16, width across pron- Megalopsallus brendae, new species otum 0.90±1.01. COLORATION: Generally Figures 1, 7, 13 pale with a greenish tinge (®g. 7); eyes, HOLOTYPE: Male, California: San Bernar- transverse line on frons at level of base of dino Co.: 1.3 mi. S of Goffs, 845 meters, clypeus, maxillary plate, antennal segment 1 May 16, 1978, R. T. Schuh, ex ? Chenopo- (except base and apex), thoracic pleuron and dium sp. (Chenopodiaceae). Deposited in the venter, and abdomen including genital cap- American Museum of Natural History. sule brownish black; femora with dark spots, DIAGNOSIS: Recognized by generally pale tibial spines black with dark bases. SUR- greenish coloration of dorsum contrasting FACE AND VESTITURE: Dorsum weakly with dark antennal segment 1; possibly most polished and moderately shining, covered easily confused with sarcobati on basis of with dark, recumbent, simple setae inter- pale green coloration; differing from that mixed with silvery, weakly ¯attened setae species in having antennal segment 1 dark (®g. 1C); tibial spines black with black bases. and venter darkened in males. Vesica in male STRUCTURE: Moderately elongate and par- AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_11 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

2000 SCHUH: REVISION OF MEGALOPSALLUS 11

allel-sided; head strongly declivent (®g. 1A); reddish brown coloration and spots at bases labium relatively short, reaching about mid- of setae on dorsum in most specimens, but way between fore and middle trochanters; femoralis more strongly sexually dimorphic. claws broad basally, curving near apex, pul- Similar in appearance to nuperus in near ab- villi small (®g. 1D). MALE GENITALIA: sence of sexual dimorphism and protuberant Vesica rather strongly coiled and stout (®g. eyes, but that species lacking brown spots at 13), not attenuated apically; gonopore well the bases of setae on dorsum. Further distin- developed, weakly subapical; gonopore guished from nuperus by differences in sclerite long, distinctly sclerotized (®g. 13). structure of male genitalia (compare ®gs. 13 Female: Total length 2.53±2.90, length and 15). apex clypeus±cuneal fracture 2/53±2.90, REDESCRIPTION: Male: Medium sized, total width across pronotum 0.91±1.03; more length 3.57±3.82, length apex clypeus±cu- strongly ovoid than male (®g. 7). neal fracture 2.58±2.71, width across prono- ETYMOLOGY: Named for my wife Brenda tum 1.18±1.29. COLORATION: General col- Massie, who accompanied me in the ®eld oration, including legs, reddish brown, with while collecting specimens of this and many some more strongly reddish spots or mark- other species of Megalopsallus. ings, particularly on head and anterior half of HOSTS: Chenopodium (?) sp. (Chenopodi- pronotum; eyes distinctly reddish; bases of aceae); Lycium cooperi (Solanaceae). setae on dorsum often with darkened spots DISTRIBUTION: Mojave Desert of Arizona, at bases; tibial spines pale with brown bases southern California, and southern Nevada. not strongly contrasting with remainder of DISCUSSION: Of the species I am placing in tibia. SURFACE AND VESTITURE: Entire Megalopsallus, brendae probably ®ts most body surface dull, matte; dorsum with dark uncomfortably. The facies are not what simple setae intermixed with woolly, silvery might be called typical and neither are the setae. STRUCTURE: Relatively broad, hem- genitalia. Nonetheless, the general structure elytra not conspicuously elongate; eyes pro- and host preferences agree more closely with tuberant; labium long, reaching posterior other Megalopsallus species than they do margin of hind trochanters; tarsal claws elon- with species in any group of North American gate, slender, curving, pulvilli very small. Phylini. MALE GENITALIA: Vesica S-shaped; gon- PARATYPES: USA. Ð Arizona: Maricopa opore subapical; gonopore sclerite not de- Co.: Phoenix, Arizona Canal at McDowell veloped (®g. 13). Rd, April 19, 1982, D. A. and J. T. Polhemus, Female: Total length 3.85±4.16, length 4(,8& (JTP). California: Riverside Co.: apex clypeus±cuneal fracture 2.86±3.10, Thousand Palms, November 24, 1955, W. R. width across pronotum 1.33±1.42; sexual di- Richards, 1(, (CNC). San Bernardino Co.: morphism weak, females slightly more ro- 1.3 mi S of Goffs, 845 m, May 16, 1978, R. bust than males (®g. 7). T. Schuh, Chenopodium sp. (Chenopodi- HOST: Unknown. aceae), 65(,49& (AMNH, USNM). 26.7 mi DISTRIBUTION: Known from Connecticut S of Barstow, St. Rt. 247, 1000 m, May 2, and Texas, primarily from coastal localities. 1985, R. T. Schuh and B. M. Massie, Lycium DISCUSSION: Knight (1927) described brit- cooperi (Solanaceae), 10(,1& (AMNH). toni and adustus on the same page, separat- Nevada: Clark Co.: Valley of Fire State ing them primarily on the length of the sec- Park, west entrance, 845 m, May 17, 1978, ond antennal segment. Although this mea- R. T. Schuh, 9(,21& (AMNH). surement was frequently used by Knight to discriminate species, I have found it to be Megalopsallus brittoni Knight less reliable than was believed by Knight, Figures 7, 13 owing to variability within species. I have seen only two specimens of brittoni, and Megalopsallus brittoni Knight, 1927: 227 (n. sp.) have compared them with large numbers of Megalopsallus adustus Knight, 1927: 227 (n. sp.). specimens from Texas, including the holo- NEW SYNONYMY. type of adustus from Anahuac, that agree DIAGNOSIS: Most similar to femoralis in closely with Knight's concept of adustus.I AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_12 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

12 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 3305

am treating adustus as a junior synonym of subapical; gonopore sclerite not developed brittoni because both nominal taxa have (®g. 13). brown spots at the bases of many of the setae Female: Total length 2.72±2.90, length on the dorsum, an attribute found elsewhere apex clypeus±cuneal fracture 1.98±2.26, in Megalopsallus only in punctatus, the last width across pronotum 1.01±1.13; more species otherwise showing little similarity to broadly ovoid than male (®g. 7). brittoni. ETYMOLOGY: Named for its occurrence in SPECIMENS EXAMINED: USA. Ð Connect- California. icut: Stratford, July 9, 1920, B. H. Walden, HOST: Unknown. 1& (USNM). Westville, July 4, 1904, W. E. DISTRIBUTION: Southern San Joaquin Val- Britton, holotype: male of brittoni (USNM). ley, California. Texas: Brazos Co.: Bryan, April 8, 1965, J. PARATYPES: USA. Ð California: Kern C. Schaffner, 1& (TAMU). Cameron Co.: 4 Co.: Schafter, September 24, 1940, G. L. mi ESE of Brownsville, October 20, 1997, Smith, 23(,18& (UCB, AMNH). Schafter, W. F. Chamberlain, 1(,1& (TAMU). September 15, 1942, G. L. Smith, 2(,2& Brownsville, Boca Chica, December 27, (USNM). 1945, R. H. Beamer, 3(,2& (KU). Cham- bers Co.: Anahuac, October 8, 1918, H. S. Megalopsallus ephedrae (Knight), Barber, 3& (USNM); holotype: male of new combination adustus (USNM). Galveston Co.: Galveston, Figures 8, 14 February 2, 1932, L. D. Tuthill, 2(,1& Merinocapsus ephedrae Knight, 1968: 34 (n. sp.); (KU). Nueces Co.: Corpus Christi, January Schuh, 1986: 218 (diag., distr., ®gs.). 1, 1946, R. H. Beamer, 14(,35& (KU, AMNH). DIAGNOSIS: Recognized by dull, orange or nearly black head, pronotum, and scutellum and pale to red hemelytra with orange cuneus Megalopsallus californicus, new species and smoky membrane; femora always uni- Figures 7, 13 colorous orange or dark. Coloration of dor- sum often similar to froeschneri, but femora HOLOTYPE: Male, Schafter, Calif., IX-24- in that species always paler distally than 1940, G. L. Smith Coll. Deposited in the Cal- proximally, whereas in ephedrae femora un- ifornia Academy of Sciences, San Francisco. icolorous over entire length. Head, prono- DIAGNOSIS: Recognized by pale green col- tum, and scutellum in froeschneri usually oration and marmorate membrane, the latter more strongly polished and shining than in characteristic occurring elsewhere in Megal- ephedrae. opsallus only in the heavily reddish brown REDESCRIPTION: Male: Medium sized, M. marmoratus Knight. total length 3.41±4.32, length apex clypeus± DESCRIPTION: Male: Relatively small, total cuneal fracture 2.24±2.81, width across pron- length 2.78±3.10, length apex clypeus±cu- otum 0.95±1.14. COLORATION: Head, neal fracture 1.88±2.12, width across prono- pronotum, and scutellum dull, usually cas- tum 0.94±1.03. COLORATION: Pale, weak- taneous to nearly black, sometimes orange; ly greenish; eyes red; membrane of hemely- hemelytra ranging from pale to intensely red tra generally pale, marmorate posterior to orange or red, cuneus always orange to red, cells (®g. 7); femora with some brown spots; membrane smoky, veins orange (®g. 8); eyes tibial spines pale, with at most medium dark, often mostly black; underside of body brown bases. SURFACE AND VESTITU- usually dark, castaneous; antennae dark; legs RE: Dorsum with brown, recumbent, simple of similar coloration to underside of body, setae intermixed with woolly, silvery setae. tibiae sometimes lighter and tibial spines STRUCTURE: Elongate ovoid; labium long, with visible small dark bases; appendages surpassing posterior margin of hind trochan- and underside of body orange in specimens ters; claws elongate, curving, pulvilli small. with completely orange dorsum. SURFACE MALE GENITALIA: Vesica S-shaped, at- AND VESTITURE: Head, pronotum, and tenuated apically; gonopore relatively small, scutellum smooth, dull, clothed with recum- AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_13 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

2000 SCHUH: REVISION OF MEGALOPSALLUS 13

bent, dark, simple setae intermixed with ley, 905 m, May 13, 1978, J. D. Pinto and woolly, silvery setae. STRUCTURE: Elon- R. T. Schuh, Ephedra sp. (Ephedraceae), 6(, gate, parallel-sided; specimens in some pop- 28& (AMNH). 23 mi S of Amboy, April 7, ulations relatively longer than those in oth- 1966, C. W. O'Brien, 5& (UCB). San Diego ers; head strongly declivent (®g. 3); labium Co.: Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, Grape- reaching to about apex of middle coxae; vine Canyon, mp 74 on county Rt 52, April claws moderately elongate, smoothly curv- 22, 1980, Russell and Schwartz, 1( ing; pulvilli small. MALE GENITALIA: Ve- (AMNH). Nevada: Lincoln Co.: 5miNEof sica elongate, twisted, with bi®d apex, sec- jct. of Rts 38 and 93, 2500 ft, May 19, 1982, ondary gonopore subapical with a weakly M. D. Schwartz, Ephedra nevadensis sclerotized gonopore sclerite (®g. 14). (Ephedraceae), 26(,18& (AMNH). Nye Female: Total length 2.98±3.22, length Co.: Northumberland Canyon Rd, Toquima apex clypeus±cuneal fracture 2.16±2.34, Mts, 15 mi E of Rt 376, T31N R45E Secs 3, width across pronotum 1.04±1.12; similar in 4, 10, 7000 ft, June 29, 1983, R. T. Schuh coloration to males, body not so elongate and and M. D. Schwartz, Ephedra sp. (Ephedra- more strongly ovoid (®g. 9). ceae), 17(,27& (AMNH). Mercury, 17 M, HOSTS: Ephedra apsera, E. nevadensis, E. June 12, 1965, H. Knight and J. Merino, viridis (Ephedraceae). Ephedra nevadensis (Ephedraceae), Paraty- DISTRIBUTION: Northern Baja California, pes: 3(,6& (CNC, USNM). 1 mi NE of and Mojave Desert of southern California, Belmont on Rt. 82, 2281 m, July 13, 1980, southern Nevada, and southern Utah. R. T. Schuh and G. M. Stonedahl, Ephedra DISCUSSION: This is the most variable of sp. (Ephedraceae), 7(,16& (AMNH). Mer- the Ephedra-feeding species. The bi®d apex cury, 19 M, June 23, 1965, H. Knight, J. Me- of the vesica suggests a close relationship rino, Ephedra nevadensis (Ephedraceae), 3& with the Ephedra-feeding species froeschneri (USNM). Mercury, TM, June 14, 1965, and pallipes. Beck, Knight, Merino, Ephedra nevadensis SPECIMENS EXAMINED: MEXICO. Ð Baja (Ephedraceae), 9& (USNM); holotype: male California Norte: 6 mi E of Ojos Negros, (USNM). Utah: Gar®eld Co.: 14.3 mi S of June 9, 1980, Brown and Faulkner, 1& Rt. 95 on Rt. 276 (2.4 mi N of Star Springs (SDNH). 12 mi E of El Rosario, March 25, turnoff), 5000 ft, June 19, 1983, R. T. Schuh 1979, J. D. Pinto, Ephedra sp. (Ephedra- and M. D. Schwartz, 1( (AMNH). Capitol ceae), 7(,5& (AMNH, UCR). USA. Ð Reef Natl. Park, Grand Wash-Cohab Canyon California: Inyo Co.: 2 mi E of Westgard Trail, 5350-6640 ft, June 21, 1983, R. T. Pass summit, White Mountains, 2125 m, July Schuh and M. D. Schwartz, Ephedra viridis 2, 1980, R. T. Schuh, Ephedra nevadensis (Ephedraceae), 2(,4& (AMNH). Washing- (Ephedraceae), 6& (AMNH). Inyo Mts, May ton Co.: Rt 15 about 10 mi W of I-15 toward 25, 1937, D. Little, 1& (LACM). Rt 95 at Zion Natl. Park, 1095 m, May 18, 1978, R. North edge of Mono Lake, 2188 m, July 11, T. Schuh, Ephedra sp. (Ephedraceae), 3& 1980, R. T. Schuh and G. M. Stonedahl, (AMNH). Ephedra sp. (Ephedraceae), 3(,7& (AMNH). Tuttle Creek, 2 mi SW of Lone Megalopsallus ephedrellus, new species Pine, May 9, 1969, P.A. Opler, 1( (UCB). Figures 8, 13 Mono Co.: 2 airline mi S of Inyo, 8500 ft, June 27, 1961, J. Powell, Ephedra sp. HOLOTYPE: Male, Texas: Crockett Co.: (Ephedraceae), 4(,2& (UCB). Riverside 16.7 mi west Ozona, May 9, 1997, Gillogly Co.: ca. 0.8 mi N of jct. Deep Creek and & Schaffner. Deposited in the American Mu- Horsethief Creek, T7S R6E Sec 6, 2960 ft, seum of Natural History. J. D. Pinto, 1( (UCR). San Bernardino Co.: DIAGNOSIS: Recognized by pale orange Victorville, April 21, 1935, C.E. Norland, coloration of head, thorax, and hemelytra an- 2& (LACM). Providence Mountains State terior to apex of scutellum, and dirty green- Recreation Area, 4300 ft, May 18, 1982, M. ish coloration posterior to that point; abdo- D. Schwartz, Ephedra aspera (Ephedraceae), men bright pale green. Size and form of sex- 2(,6& (AMNH). 10 mi W of Lucerne Val- ual dimorphism similar to nuperus, but that AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_14 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

14 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 3305

species never with greenish on the hemelytra. lacking marmorate membrane. Similar in Breeds on Ephedra. coloration to brittoni but smaller. DESCRIPTION: Male: Moderately small, to- REDESCRIPTION: Male: Moderately small, tal length 2.97±3.25, length apex clypeus±cu- total length 3.09±3.24, length apex clypeus± neal fracture 2.05±2.24, width across prono- cuneal fracture 2.16±2.29, width across pron- tum 0.98±1.07. COLORATION: Head, tho- otum 0.99±1.07. COLORATION: General rax, appendages, and hemelytra anterior to coloration somber, head, pronotum, scutel- apex of scutellum pale orange, remainder of lum, eyes, legs, and most of undersurface of hemelytra dirty pale green (®g. 8); abdomen body brown or reddish brown, remainder of bright pale green; eyes red. SURFACE AND dorsum and most of antennae tan, head and VESTITURE: Dorsum smooth, dull, or very pronotum sometimes with some red spots weakly shining, clothed with dark, recum- (®g. 7). SURFACE AND VESTITURE: bent, simple setae intermixed with silvery, Body surface dull, never shining; dorsum weakly ¯attend, somewhat woolly setae. with brown, recumbent, simple setae inter- STRUCTURE: Relatively stout-bodied, cor- mixed with subappressed, shining, weakly ial margins nearly straight (®g. 8); labium ¯attened setae. STRUCTURE: Moderately short, just surpassing posterior margin of fore elongate; labium reaching posterior margin trochanters; claws elongate, smoothly curv- of hind trochanters; claws noticeably elon- ing, pulvilli minute. MALE GENITALIA: gate, curving, pulvilli small. MALE GENI- Vesica relatively large, forming a weak coil, TALIA: Vesica S-shaped with a short apical apex relatively strongly attenuated and ex- attenuation; gonopore subapical; gonopore tending well past secondary gonopore, gon- sclerite not developed (®g. 13). opore subtended by a well-developed gono- Female: Total length 3.05±3.34, length pore sclerite (®g. 13). apex clypeus±cuneal fracture 2.24±2.36, Female: Total length 2.64±2.78, length width across pronotum 1.01±1.09; more apex clypeus±cuneal fracture 1.94±2.04, broadly ovoid, frons conspicuously more width across pronotum 0.96±1.01; more protuberant and clypeus more obviously vis- strongly ovoid than male, hemelytra nearly ible from above than in male (®g. 7). conforming to outline of abdomen (®g. 8). HOST: Salicornia rubra (Chenopodiaceae). ETYMOLOGY: Named for the host genus DISTRIBUTION: Western Great Plains from Ephedra. Alberta south to Colorado. HOST: Ephedra sp. (Ephedraceae). DISCUSSION: This species is similar to brit- DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type toni, especially in coloration and the weak locality near Ozona in western Texas. sexual dimorphism. However, available spec- DISCUSSION: This is one of four species imens of femoralis are all smaller than those currently placed in Megalopsallus that is re- of brittoni, with no size overlap between the corded as feeding on Ephedra. The bi®d two taxa. The male genitalia, although sim- apex of the vesica suggests that the other ilar, appear to show consistent differences. three species are more closely related to one Also, as here construed, the distributions of another than any one of them is to ephed- the two taxa are nonoverlapping. rellus. SPECIMENS EXAMINED: CANADA. Ð Al- PARATYPES: Same data as holotype: 6 berta: Brooks, August 20, 1957, A. R. and males, 52 females (AMNH; TAMU; J. E. Brooks, Paratypes: 1( (CNC). Leth- USNM). bridge, June 18, 1939, R. W. Salt, 1& (CNC). Manitoba: Red Deer River, August 3, 1937, Megalopsallus femoralis Kelton C. L. Johnston, 1( (KU). Saskatchewan: Figures 7, 13 Dana, July 25, 1959, A. R. Brooks, Paraty- pes: 5(, (CNC). Elbow, June 3±June 26, Megalopsallus femoralis Kelton, 1980: 285 (n. 1960, A. R. Brooks, Paratypes: 11( (CNC). sp.). Elstow, July 11, 1951±August 29, 1953, A. DIAGNOSIS: Recognized by somber color- R. Brooks, L. A. Konotopetz, Salicornia rub- ation and relatively small size. Similar in size ra (Chenopodiaceae), Holotype and Paraty- and general appearance to marmoratus, but pes: 17(,14& (CNC). USA. Ð Colorado: AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_15 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

2000 SCHUH: REVISION OF MEGALOPSALLUS 15

Fig. 2. Habitus of Megalopsallus ¯ammeus, male (Nevada, Nye Co., 35 mi N of Tonapah, Coyote Hole Spring/Sevier Reservoir).

Jackson Co.: 7 mi NE of Rand, August 16, (Chenopodiaceae). Deposited in the Ameri- 1969, J. C. Schaffner, 1( (TAMU). South can Museum of Natural History. Dakota: Campbell Co.: Mound City, July DIAGNOSIS: Recognized unequivocally by 16, 1938, H. C. Severin, 1(,4& (USNM). bright red coloration of the body and ap- Wyoming: Carbon Co.: 8 mi W of Rawlins, pendages; sexual dimorphism strong (®g. 8). September 26, 1966, C. W. O'Brien, 1(,2& DESCRIPTION: Male: Moderately small, to- (UCB). Lincoln Co.: 4 mi NW of Frontier, tal length 3.08±3.34, length apex clypeus±cu- June 26, 1966, W. Gagne, J. Haddock, 1( neal fracture 2.02±2.08, width across prono- (UCB). tum 0.96±1.01. COLORATION: General col- oration bright red (®g. 7), including legs (ex- Megalopsallus ¯ammeus, new species cept tarsi); pronotum, scutellum, and Figures 2, 7, 14 underside often tending toward black; eyes HOLOTYPE: Male, Nevada: Nye Co., 5 mi. blackish; membrane smoky with red veins; W of Berlin Ichthyosaur St. Monument on tibial spines black but without contrasting Rt. 844, el. 6350 feet, July 1, 1983, R. T. dark bases. SURFACE AND VESTITURE: Schuh, M. D. Schwartz, Sarcobatus vermi- Body surface smooth, weakly shining; dor- culatus (Hook.) Torr. var. baileyi (Cov.) Jeps. sum with recumbent, brown, simple setae in- AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_16 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

16 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 3305

termixed with silvery woolly setae. STRUC- N of Tonapah, Coyote Hole Spring/Sevier TURE: Conspicuously elongate, nearly par- Reservoir, T8 R42E S11 & 23, 6000 ft, June allel-sided (®gs. 2, 7); labium reaching to 30, 1983, Schuh and Schwartz, Sarcobatus hind trochanters; claws relatively short and vermiculatus var. baileyi (Chenopodiaceae), stout, curving only near apex, pulvilli large, 35(, 142& (AMNH, USNM). 5 mi W of extending to apex of claw, apparently adnate Berlin Ichthyosaur State Monument on Rt. to claw over entire length. MALE GENI- 844, 6350 ft, July 1, 1983, R. T. Schuh and TALIA: Vesica strongly bent at about mid- M. D. Schwartz, Sarcobatus vermiculatus point; gonopore large, nearly apical; gono- var. baileyi (Chenopodiaceae), 35(,83& pore sclerite long, well sclerotized (®g. 14). (AMNH, USNM). Northumberland Canyon Female: Total length 2.33±2.59, length Rd, Toquima Mts, T14N R44E Sec. 31, 6400 apex clypeus±cuneal fracture 1.73±1.90, ft, June 28, 1983, R. T. Schuh and M. D. width across pronotum 0.90±0.98; short, Schwartz, Sarcobatus vermiculatus var. bail- broad, ovoid, in distinct contrast to male (®g. eyi (Chenopodiaceae), 7(,28& (AMNH). 7). Washoe Co.: Verdi, July 9, 1967, Gagne, 1& ETYMOLOGY: Named for its distinctive red- (UCB). orange coloration; from the Latin ¯ammeus, ¯ame colored. Megalopsallus froeschneri (Schuh), HOSTS: Sarcobatus baileyi, S. vermiculatus new combination (Chenopodiaceae). Figures 8, 14 DISTRIBUTION: Central Nevada. Merinocapsus froeschneri Schuh, 1986: 220 (n. DISCUSSION: I have collected large num- sp.). bers of specimens of this species on hosts identi®ed as Sarcobatus vermiculatus var. DIAGNOSIS: Recognized by nearly black, baileyi. Although specimens collected by weakly to strongly shining head, pronotum, O'Brien are labeled as occurring on S. ver- and scutellum, these always contrasting with miculatus, I have never encountered speci- hemelytra, the latter being either pale with mens on ``true'' vermiculatus, and converse- red-orange cuneus or entirely red orange. ly, most records of vermiculatus-feeding spe- Coloration of dorsum similar to ephedrae, cies are not known from var. baileyi. There- but femora in that species always entirely fore, host data for the bugs suggest that dark, whereas in froeschneri femora orange baileyi represents a distinct plant species. at least on distal one-half. The head, prono- This species was collected at more than tum, and scutellum in froeschneri usually one locality on specimens of Sarcobatus more strongly polished and shining than in baileyi also inhabited by a mite belonging to ephedrae. the genus Balaustium (Erythraeidae), which REDESCRIPTION: Male: Medium sized, total was very similar in appearance and colora- length 3.09±3.37, length apex clypeus±cu- tion to the females of ¯ammeus. Adults of neal fracture 2.16±2.31, width across prono- Balaustium spp. are free-living predators of tum 1.02±1.08. COLORATION: Head, pron- small , whereas the larvae are ec- otum, and scutellum castaneous to nearly toparasites of the same. The relationship, if black; hemelytra ranging from orange to in- any, of the mites and the bugs in this partic- tensely red-orange, cuneus always orange, ular cases is not known. On the occasion of membrane, including most of veins, smoky ®rst collecting this brightly colored bug spe- (®g. 8); eyes black; underside of body cas- cies my ®eld companions and I dubbed it taneous; antennae dark; coxae dark, femora ``the mite mimic'' in recognition of the rather dark proximally, orange distally; tibiae pale, strong similarity of appearance of the two tibial spines dark without dark bases. SUR- taxa. FACE AND VESTITURE: Head, pronotum, PARATYPES: USA. Ð Nevada: Lyon Co.: and scutellum smooth, polished and shining, Weeks, May 29, 1967, C. W. O'Brien, Sar- clothed with recumbent, dark, simple setae cobatus vermiculatus (Chenopodiaceae), 3(, intermixed with woolly, silvery setae. 6& (UCB). Nye Co.: 2 mi E of Tonapah, STRUCTURE: Relatively broad-bodied, par- June 7, 1966, W. Gagne, 1(, (UCB). 35 mi allel-sided (®g. 8); labium reaching to near AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_17 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

2000 SCHUH: REVISION OF MEGALOPSALLUS 17

apex of middle coxae; claws elongate, (AMNH). Atomic Test Site, 1mi S of Cane smoothly curving, pulvilli small. MALE Springs Road at GS 250 (A5), 4100 ft, June GENITALIA: Vesica of moderate length, S- 8, 1983, Schuh, Schwartz, Stonedahl, Ephe- shaped, apex bi®d with short projections, dra nevadensis (Ephedraceae), Paratypes: secondary gonopore removed from apex by 1(,1& (AMNH). Mercury, 18 M, June 7, distance equal to length of gonopore, gono- 1965, E. Beck, J. Merino, Ephedra nevaden- pore sclerite very small (®g. 14). sis (Ephedraceae), 1& (USNM). Mercury, Female: Total length 2.98±3.20, length 40M, June 20, 1965, H. Knight, J. Merino, apex clypeus±cuneal fracture 2.10±2.35, Ephedra nevadensis (Ephedraceae), 3& width across pronotum 1.05±1.09; very sim- (USNM). Mercury, 6M, June 15, 1965, H. ilar in appearance and coloration to males, Knight, J. Merino, Ephedra nevadensis nearly parallel-sided (®g. 9). (Ephedraceae), 2& (USNM). Mercury, CM, HOSTS: Ephedra cutleri, E. nevadensis, E. June 13, 1965, E. Beck, H. Knight, J. Meri- torreyana, E. viridis (Ephedraceae). no, Ephedra nevadensis (Ephedraceae), 2& DISTRIBUTION: Mojave Desert in southern (CNC, USNM). Mercury, CU, June 13, California, Nevada, and Utah; New Mexico. 1965, Beck, Knight, Merino, 4& (USNM). DISCUSSION: Based on the bi®d apex of the Mercury, TM, June 14, 1965, E. Beck, H. vesica, froschneri would appear to be most Knight, J. Merino, Ephedra nevadensis closely related to ephedrae and pallipes, and (Ephedraceae), 3& (USNM). Northumber- on coloration most closely related to ephed- land Canyon Rd, Toquima Mts, T14N R44E rae. Sec. 31, 6400 ft, June 28, 1983, R. T. Schuh SPECIMENS EXAMINED: USA. Ð Califor- and M. D. Schwartz, Ephedra sp. (Ephedra- nia: Inyo Co.: 2 mi E of Westgard Pass sum- ceae), Paratypes: 4(,6& (AMNH). 5 mi E mit, White Mountains, 2125 m, July 2, 1980, of Gabbs off Rt. 844, 5800 ft, July 1, 1983, R. T. Schuh, Paratypes: 7(,12& (AMNH); R. T. Schuh and M. D. Schwartz, Ephedra holotype: male (AMNH). Kern Co.: 20 mi sp. (Ephedraceae), Paratypes: 1(,6& NW of Mojave on Hiway 58, June 13, 1983, (AMNH). New Mexico: San Juan Co.: An- G. M. Stonedahl, Ephedra nevadensis gel Peak Campground, June 4, 1977, Hanson (Ephedraceae), Paratypes: 1(,4& (AMNH). and Knowlton, 1(,2& (CNC). Utah: Emery Los Angeles Co.: Tehachapi Pass, June 6, Co.: 2.4 mi W of Rt. 24 on Goblin Valley 1929, R. L. Usinger, 5& (UCB). Little Rock, Rd, 5500 ft, June 19, 1983, R. T. Schuh and Mojave Desert, May 20, 1937, E. P. Van Du- M. D. Schwartz, Ephedra cutleri (Ephedra- zee, Paratypes: 1( (CAS). Mint Canyon, ceae), Paratypes: 1( (AMNH). Grand Co.: May 17, 1937, E. P. Van Duzee, Astragalus 11 mi SE of jct. Rts 313 & 163 toward Dead sp. 1& (CAS). Mono Co.: Benton Hot Horse Point, 5200 ft, June 11, 1982, M. D. Springs, June 8, 1966, W. Gagne, 3& (UCB). Schwartz, Ephedra viridis (Ephedraceae), San Bernardino Co.: Yucca Valley, 6.3 mi N Paratypes: 13(,35& (AMNH). San Juan on Old Woman Springs Rd, May 13, 1978, Co.: Goosenecks Overlook, 5000 ft, June 17, J. D. Pinto, Ephedra sp. (Ephedraceae), Par- 1983, R. T. Schuh and M. D. Schwartz, atypes: 1(,1& (UCR). 10 mi N of Yucca Ephedra torreyana (Ephedraceae), Paraty- Valley, May 28, 1975, J. D. Pinto, Ephedra pes: 4(,1& (AMNH). Rt. 63 at Arizona bor- sp. (Ephedraceae), 1& (UCR). Providence der, Monument Valley, 5200 ft, June 16, Mountains State Recreation Area, 4300 ft, 1983, R. T. Schuh and M. D. Schwartz, May 18, 1982, M. D. Schwartz, Ephedra vir- Ephedra cutleri (Ephedraceae), Paratypes: idis (Ephedraceae), Paratypes: 3( (AMNH). 13(,53& (AMNH). Grand Flat near Collins Nevada: Lincoln Co.: 5 mi NE of jct. Rts 38 Canyon, 5600 ft, May 28, 1978, D. A. and and 93, 2500 ft, May 19, 1982, M. D. J. T. Polhemus, Paratypes: 4(,5& (JTP). Schwartz, Ephedra nevadensis (Ephedra- Glen Canyon Recreation Area, 12 mi S of ceae), Paratypes: 3(, (AMNH). Nye Co.: Rt. 263, T40S R14E, 4300 ft, June 17, 1983, Atomic Test Site, Mercury Hiway at Angle R. T. Schuh and M. D. Schwartz, Paratypes: Road (A3), 3800 ft, June 8, 1983, Schuh, 1( (AMNH). 7.7 mi N of Mexican Hat on Schwartz, Stonedahl, Ephedra nevadensis Rt 261, T41S R18E, 5000 ft, June 17, 1983, (Ephedraceae), Paratypes: 11(,28& R. T. Schuh and M. D. Schwartz, Ephedra AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_18 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

18 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 3305

sp. (Ephedraceae), 1& (AMNH). 2.7 mi W of Rt. 95 on Rt. 263, T37S R17E, 6000 ft, June 18, 1983, R. T. Schuh and M. D. Schwartz, Ephedra torreyana (Ephedraceae), Paratypes: 2( (AMNH). Head of Lake Can- yon near Nokai Dome Road, 4200 ft, May 29, 1978, D. A. and J. T. Polhemus, Paraty- pes: 1(,1& (JTP). Washington Co.: 2mi NW of Toquerville on Rt 17, 3800 ft, May 25, 1981, M. D. Schwartz, Ephedra viridis (Ephedraceae), 1& (AMNH).

Megalopsallus humeralis (Van Duzee) Figures 3, 9, 14 Sthenarus humeralis Van Duzee, 1923: 162 (n. sp.). Europiella humeralis: Knight, 1968: 41 (n. comb., host). Megalopsallus humeralis: Schuh et al., 1995: 389 (n. comb.). Megalopsallus arizonae Knight, 1968: 45 (n. sp.). NEW SYNONYMY. Europiella balli Knight, 1968: 44 (n. sp.). NEW SYNONYMY. Megalopsallus balli: Schuh et al., 1995: 389 (n. comb.). Europiella brevicornis Knight, 1968: 45 (n. sp.). NEW SYNONYMY. Megalopsallus brevicornis: Schuh et al., 1995: 389 (n. comb.). Europiella lycii Knight, 1968: 40 (n. sp.). NEW SYNONYMY. Megalopsallus lycii: Schuh et al., 1995: 389 (n. comb.). Europiella ru®ventris Knight, 1968: 42 (n. sp.). NEW SYNONYMY. Megalopsallus ru®ventris: Schuh et al., 1995: 389 (n. comb.). Europiella viridiventris Knight, 1968: 42 (n. sp.). NEW SYNONYMY. Megalopsallus viridiventris: Schuh et al., 1995: 389 (n. comb.).

DIAGNOSIS: Recognized by frequently dark Fig. 3. Megalopsallus humeralis, male, scan- coloration of most of dorsum and femora, or ning micrographs. A. Lateral view of head and at least dark coloration of head, pronotum, thorax. B. Mesothoracic spiracle and metathoracic scent gland evaporatory area. C. Detail of setae scutellum, and femora, with pale hemelytra. on thoracic pleuron. Most easily confused with nigrofemoratus on basis of size, coloration, and type of sexual dimorphism; separated most easily by differ- naceae), the latter appearing as exclusive ences in structure of male genitalia, vesica host of humeralis. Pale specimens separated being more elongate and slender in nigrofe- from Lycium-feeding nicholi by cuneus be- moratus than in humeralis, and fact that ni- ing unicolorous with corium, rather than of grofemoratus feeds on Atriplex and Grayia at least moderately contrasting coloration as (Chenopodiaceae) rather than Lycium (Sola- in nicholi. AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_19 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

2000 SCHUH: REVISION OF MEGALOPSALLUS 19

REDESCRIPTION: Male: Small to medium tor,'' male (CAS)], including dissections of sized, total length 2.57±3.63, length apex the male genitalia of most of these nominal clypeus±cuneal fracture 1.74±2.31, width species, indicates that even though there is across pronotum 0.94±1.11. COLORATION: substantial variation in color and size, the Dorsum varying from largely deep brown to male genitalia are very similar for all of them nearly entirely pale brown, often with head, and distinct from all other species of Megal- pronotum, and scutellum dark, hemelytra opsallus. I am therefore treating all of these somewhat lighter to much lighter (®g. 9); nominal taxa as synonymous, humeralis hav- eyes blackish; underside mostly dark in dark ing priority. The holotype and paratypes of specimens, abdomen often pale green in ligh- humeralis are faded, like many other Van ter specimens; antennae usually reddish, Duzee specimens, appearing somewhat ligh- sometimes almost entirely pale, or brownish; ter in color than would be expected of fresh femora dark or darkened, tibiae pale, tibial material. spines dark with dark bases. SURFACE Megalopsallus humeralis shows substan- AND VESTITURE: Dorsum smooth, very tial size variation. The structure of the male weakly shining, clothed with recumbent, genitalia is relatively constant across the dark, simple setae intermixed with woolly, range of other forms of variation. Table 1 silvery setae (®gs. 3, 9). STRUCTURE: presents the measurements for this species in Weakly to strongly elongate, parallel-sided; two nonoverlapping groupings of ``small'' specimens in some populations longer than and ``large'' specimens, re¯ecting the fact those in others (®g. 9); head strongly decli- that in most populations the specimens are vent (®g. 3); labium reaching onto, but not either relatively large or relatively small. beyond, hind trochanters; claws relatively A massive amount of material with care- short and straight, curving sharply near apex; fully documented hosts indicates that humer- pulvilli large, adnate to nearly entire ventral alis invariably feeds on Lycium spp. The re- surface of claw. MALE GENITALIA: Vesica cords of specimens from other plant groups forming a weak coil, apex not attenuated, offer little evidence for them as alternative gonopore apical; gonopore sclerite well de- hosts. I have collected extensively on all of veloped (®g. 14). the plant taxa listed above under ``hosts,'' Female: Total length 2.48±3.30, length and never recorded Megalopsallus breeding apex clypeus±cuneal fracture 1.83±2.19, on any other than Lycium. width across pronotum 0.97±1.16; ovoid; not SPECIMENS EXAMINED: MEXICO. Ð Baja showing the nonoverlapping size variation California Norte: 36 mi SE of El Rosario, seen in males (®g. 9). Rancho El Progresso, March 25, 1979, J. D. HOSTS: Lycium andersonii, L. berlandieri, Pinto, Lycium sp. (Solanaceae), 1(,4& L. b. parvi¯orus, L. cooperi, L. fremontii, L. (UCR). Baja California Sur: Loreto, May parishii, L. sp. (Solanaceae). Probable sitting 20, 1921, E. P. Van Duzee, Paratypes: 2(, records: Ambrosia dumosa (Asteraceae); 6& (CAS). Sonora: 40 mi W of Moctezuma, Larrea divaricata (Zygophyllaceae); Proso- April 27, 1981, D. A. and J. T. Polhemus, pis juli¯ora (Fabaceae); Rhamnus sp. (Rham- Rhamnus sp. (Rhamnaceae), 1& (JTP). USA. naceae). Frequently collected when the Ð Arizona: Aztec, February 3, 1941±April are in fruit. 4, 1942, L. L. Stitt, 4& (USNM). Cochise DISTRIBUTION: Sonora and Baja California, Co.: Apache Trail, March 27, 1951, B. P. Bli- Mexico north as far as southern Utah in in- ven, 1(,4& (CAS). Gila Co.: 5.5 mi W of terior western North America. Roosevelt Dam at Apache Lake, 1750 ft, DISCUSSION: Knight (1968) described the May 27, 1983, Schuh, Stonedahl, and Mas- new species arizonae, balli, brevicornis, ly- sie, 2& (AMNH). Salt River Mts, 1300 ft, cii, ru®ventris, and viridiventris from the May 9, 1926, A. A. Nichol, 1( (USNM). southwestern United States. Comparison of Maricopa Co.: Gila Bend, 260 m, May 7, the types and other specimens examined by 1978, R. T. Schuh, 1( (AMNH). Usery Mtn. Knight with holotype of Megalopsallus hu- Park, January 17, 1983, J. T. Polhemus, 15(, meralis (Van Duzee) [``Loreto, Baja Califor- 15& (JTP). Tempe, April 8, 1940, L. L. Stitt, nia, May 20, 1921, EP Van Duzee Collec- Paratypes: 1(,2& (USNM). 10 mi S of Sun- AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_20 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

20 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 3305

¯ower, April 18, 1982, D. A. and J. T. Pol- Pocket Rest Stop, 2600 ft, May 12, 1982, M. hemus, 2(,1& (JTP). Sand Tank Mountains, D. Schwartz, Ambrosia dumosa (Asteraceae), SE of Gila Bend, 935 m, May 8, 1978, R. T. 3& (AMNH). Pima Co.: Organ Pipe Cactus Schuh and A. F. Guenther, Larrea divaricata Natl. Mon., Quitobaquito, April 3, 1966, C. (Zygophyllaceae), 1& (AMNH). Sand Tank W. O'Brien, 2(,4& (UCB). Rillito, March Mountains, SE of Gila Bend, 900±1000 m, 8, 1988, W. A. Jones, Lycium fremontii (So- March 24, 1981, R. T. Schuh, Lycium sp. lanaceae), 3(,5& (USNM). Tucson, Santa (Solanaceae), 2(,7& (AMNH). Sand Tank Catalina Mts, Bear Creek near Saddleback Mountains, SE of Gila Bend, 900±1000 m, Dr., February 24, 1995, M. D. Schwartz, Ly- March 24, 1981, R. T. Schuh, Lycium pari- cium berlandieri (Solanaceae), 10(,11& shii (Solanaceae), 27(,54& (AMNH). Salt (AMNH). Tucson, April 19, 1926, A. A. Ni- River Canyon at Apache Lake, 2000 ft, April chol, Paratypes: 2(,4& (USNM). Tortolito 28, 1981, J. T. Polhemus, 1( (JTP). Phoenix, Mts, 2500±3000 ft, April 22, 1982, M. D. Arizona Canal at McDowell Rd, April 19, Schwartz, Prosopis juli¯ora (Fabaceae), 1( 1982, D. A. and J. T. Polhemus, 1(,7& (AMNH). Santa Catalina Mts, Finger Rock (JTP). Gila Bend, February 3, 1941±June 1, Canyon Trail, 3000±3500 ft, April 5, 1981, 1941, L. L. Stitt, Paratypes: 6(,7& M. D. Schwartz, Lycium sp. (Solanaceae), (USNM). Woolsey Wash near Painted Rock 7(,19& (AMNH). Organ Pipe Cactus Natl. Dam, 205 m, April 3, 1981, R. T. Schuh, Mon., Alamo Wash, 700±800 m, March 26, Lycium fremontii (Solanaceae), 8(,12& 1981, R. T. Schuh, M. D. Schwartz, Lycium (AMNH). 14 mi S of Wickenburg on Vulture sp. (Solanaceae), 45(,59& (AMNH). Organ Mine Road, 600±700 m, April 1, 1981, R. T. Pipe Cactus Natl. Mon., Alamo Wash, 700± Schuh and M. D. Schwartz, Lycium ander- 800 m, March 26, 1981, R. T. Schuh, M. D. sonii berlandieri (Solanaceae), 69(,68& Schwartz, Lycium parishii (Solanaceae), (AMNH). 5 mi S of Freeman SE of Gila 34(,80& (AMNH). Marana, March 9, 1988, Bend, 625 m, May 8, 1978, R. T. Schuh and W. A. Jones, Lycium sp. (Solanaceae), 5(, A. F. Guenther, Lycium sp. (Solanaceae), 2& (USNM). 7 mi W of Tucson, March 9, 31(,75& (AMNH). 14 mi S of Wickenburg 1988, W. A. Jones, 2(,4& (USNM). 14 mi on Vulture Mine Road, 600±700 m, April 1, S of Ajo, April 2, 1966, L. & C. W. O'Brien, 1981, R. T. Schuh and M. D. Schwartz, Ly- 1( (UCB). Organ Pipe Cactus Natl. Mon., cium sp. nr. parishii (Solanaceae), 21(,11& Alamo Wash, 700±800 m, R. T. Schuh, M. (AMNH). 14 mi S of Wickenburg on Vulture D. Schwartz, Lycium berlandieri parvi¯orus Mine Road, 600±700 m, April 1, 1981, R. T. (Solanaceae), 71(,94& (AMNH). Pinal Schuh and M. D. Schwartz, Lycium sp. (So- Co.: Sacaton, January 22, 1936, L. L. Stitt, lanaceae), 6(,6& (AMNH). 16 mi E of Lycium sp. (Solanaceae), Paratype: 1(, milepost 22 on Rt. 85, Sauceda Mts, 565 m, (USNM). Yavapai Co.: Coldwater, April 6, April 2, 1981, R. T. Schuh, Lycium sp. (So- 1940, L. L. Stitt, Paratypes: 5(,6& lanaceae), 23(,30& (AMNH). 24 mi E of (USNM). Castle Wash N of Phoenix, March Gila Bend, Freeman, 530 m, May 8, 1978, 21, 1980, J. T. Polhemus, 6& (JTP). Yuma R. T. Schuh and A. F. Guenther, 1(,3& Co.: December 20, 1939, L. L. Stitt, Para- (AMNH). 4 mi S of Wickenburg on Vulture types: 1(,1& (USNM). California: Impe- Mine Road, 700 m, April 1, 1981, R. T. rial Co.: 1 mi E of Coyote Wells, April 23, Schuh and M. D. Schwartz, Lycium sp. nr. 1980, Schwartz and Russell, 1& (AMNH). parishii (Solanaceae), 9(,22& (AMNH). 5 Kern Co.: 7 mi N of Mojave, April 23, 1966, mi N of Wickenburg on Rt 93, April 29, C. W. O'Brien, 2(,4& (UCB). Kings Co.: 1981, D. A. and J. T. Polhemus, 1& (JTP). 5 8 mi SE of Avenal, April 16, 1966, C. W. mi S of Freeman SE of Gila Bend, 575 m, O'Brien, 1( (UCB). Los Angeles Co.: Palm- March 24, 1981, R. T. Schuh, Lycium pari- dale, April 14, 1932, E. P. Van Duzee, 14(, shii (Solanaceae), 13(,32& (AMNH). 1.8 6& (CAS). Riverside Co.: Andreas Canyon, mi W of Roosevelt on Rt. 88, May 10, 1980, Palm Springs, March 11, 1955, W. R. M. J. D. Pinto, Lycium sp. (Solanaceae), 5(,9& Mason, 1( (CNC). San Bernardino Co.: 1.3 (UCR). Mojave Co.: 9 mi W of Beaver mi S of Goffs, 845 m, May 16, 1978, R. T. Creek and Virgin River on US 15, Cedar Schuh, Lycium sp. (Solanaceae), 56(,64& AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_21 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

2000 SCHUH: REVISION OF MEGALOPSALLUS 21

(AMNH). 10 mi W of Lucerne Valley, 905 1.32. COLORATION: Black or nearly so, in- m, May 13, 1978, R. T. Schuh and J. D. Pin- cluding eyes (®g. 9); antennal segments 2, 3, to, Lycium sp. (Solanaceae), 10(,16& and 4 and tibiae lighter, but always at least (AMNH). 26.7 mi S of Barstow on Rt. 247, weakly infuscate; tibial spines black with ob- 1000 m, May 2, 1985, R. T. Schuh and B. scure dark bases. SURFACE AND VESTI- M. Massie, Lycium cooperi (Solanaceae), 3( TURE: Dorsum very faintly rugose, prono- (AMNH). Nevada: Clark Co.: 5.8 mi W of tum and scutellum weakly shining, hemelytra Valley of Fire State Park, 845 m, May 17, appearing dull; dorsum with long, dark, re- 1978, R. T. Schuh, 8(,8& (AMNH). Nye clining simple setae intermixed with silvery, Co.: Atomic Test Site, Jackass Flats Road, woolly setae (®g. 4B, C). STRUCTURE: 3300 ft, June 6, 1983, Schuh, Schwartz, and Hemelytra extremely elongate, nearly paral- Stonedahl, Lycium andersonii (Solanaceae), lel-sided (®g. 9), apex of abdomen reaching 38(,36& (AMNH). Mercury, CM, June 12, only to cuneal fracture; labium just reaching 1965±June 13, 1965, Knight and Merino, 3& middle trochanters; claws sharply curving (USNM). Atomic Test Site, 2.6 mi W of near apex, pulvilli about one-half the length Mercury Hwy on Cane Springs Road, 3400 of claw, free except at base (®g. 4D). MALE ft, June 6, 1983, Schuh, Schwartz, and Sto- GENITALIA: Vesica S-shaped, attenuated nedahl, Lycium andersonii (Solanaceae), 4(, apically; gonopore subapical, very weakly 5& (AMNH). Mercury, 6M, June 15, 1965, sclerotized; gonopore sclerite absent (®g. Knight and Merino, 3( (USNM). Atomic 14). Test Site, Tweezer Rd at Orange Blossom Female: Total length 3.62±3.98, length Rd, 4750 ft, June 8, 1983, Schuh, Schwartz, apex clypeus±cuneal fracture 2.75±2.96, and Stonedahl, Lycium andersonii (Solana- width across pronotum 1.25±1.32; elongate ceae), 1& (AMNH). Utah: San Juan Co.: 7.7 ovoid (®g. 9). mi N of Mexican Hat on Rt. 261, 5000 ft, HOST: Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Cheno- June 17, 1983, R. T. Schuh and M. D. podiaceae). Schwartz, Lycium andersonii (Solanaceae), DISTRIBUTION: Northern Great Basin. 1(,1& (AMNH). The Goosenecks Over- DISCUSSION: The majority of specimens of look, 5000 ft, June 17, 1983, R. T. Schuh and M. knowltoni are labeled as having been tak- M. D. Schwartz, Lycium andersonii (Sola- en on Sarcobatus vermiculatus. naceae), 1(,1& (AMNH). SPECIMENS EXAMINED: USA. Ð Califor- nia: Modoc Co.: 5 mi SE of Fort Bidwell, Megalopsallus knowltoni (Knight) Surprize Valley Dunes, June 9, 1970, P. Figures 4, 9, 14 Opler, Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Chenopodi- aceae), 21( (UCB). Mono Co.: 8miWof Europiella knowltoni Knight, 1970: 228 (n. sp.). Nevada state line on Rt. 359, 6700 ft, July Megalopsallus knowltoni: Schuh et al., 1995: 389 2, 1983, R. T. Schuh and M. D. Schwartz, (n. comb.). Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Chenopodiaceae), DIAGNOSIS: Recognized by large size and 4(,8& (AMNH). Idaho: Oneida Co.: Cur- totally black coloration (®g. 9). Similar in lew Reservoir, June 6, 1969, G. F. Knowlton, size, general appearance, coloration, and 1& (USNM); 1& (USNM). Black Pine, strong sexual dimorphism to Dakota hesper- March 31, 1969, G. F. Knowlton, 7( ia Uhler, but readily separated by male gen- (USNM, USU); Paratypes: 1(,1& (CNC). italic structure and hosts, hesperia breeding Nevada: Elko Co.: Utah state line on Utah on Potentilla (Rosaceae) rather than Sarcob- Rt. 30, 4760 ft, June 25, 1983, Schuh and atus (Chenopodiaceae). Within Megalopsal- Schwartz, Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Cheno- lus, most similar in coloration to dark spec- podiaceae), 1( (AMNH). Nye Co.: 28 mi N imens of humeralis, nigrofemoratus, and ter- of Belmont on Rt. 82, 2013 m, July 13, 1980, etis, but easily distinguished by much larger R. T. Schuh, Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Chen- size. opodiaceae), 2( (AMNH). Washoe Co.: 2 REDESCRIPTION: Male: Large, total length mi E of Vya on Rt. 8A, 1750 m, July 2, 4.51±5.20, length apex clypeus±cuneal frac- 1979, Schuh and Massie, Sarcobatus vermi- ture 2.79±3.31, width across pronotum 1.15± culatus (Chenopodiaceae), 8(,12& AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_22 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

22 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 3305

Fig. 4. Megalopsallus knowltoni, female, scanning micrographs. A. Lateral view of head and thorax. B. Mesothoracic spiracle and metathoracic scent gland evaporatory area. C. Detail of setae on thoracic pleuron. D. Ventral view of pretarsus.

(AMNH). Oregon: Harney Co.: Alvord Ba- REDESCRIPTION: Male: Moderately small, sin, T37S R33E S26, April 29, 1979, Cobb total length 3.00±3.26, length apex clypeus± and Lightfood, Sarcobatus vermiculatus cuneal fracture 1.99±2.20, width across pron- (Chenopodiaceae), (OSU). Utah: Box Elder otum 0.94±1.04. COLORATION: Generally Co.: Kelton Pass, May 27, 1969, G. F. tan, much of body and femora with darker Knowlton, 1( (USNM). brown or reddish spots; eyes brown; entire membrane marmorate (®g. 9); tibial spines Megalopsallus marmoratus Knight pale with reddish or brownish bases. SUR- Figures 9, 15 FACE AND VESTITURE: Dorsum smooth, Megalopsallus marmoratus Knight, 1968: 27 (n. dull, rather sparsely clothed with recumbent, sp.). brown, simple setae intermixed with silvery, DIAGNOSIS: Recognized by brownish col- weakly ¯attened setae. STRUCTURE: Weak- oration and marmorate membrane (®g. 9). ly elongate, nearly parallel-sided (®g. 9); la- Most similar in overall coloration to brittoni bium reaching well onto hind trochanters; and femoralis, but those species both lacking claws elongate, curving; pulvilli minute. marmorate membrane. Marmorate membrane MALE GENITALIA: Vesica relatively short, known to occur elsewhere in Megalopsallus S-shaped, with a short decurved apex; gono- only in californicus, that species otherwise pore subapical; no gonopore sclerite (®g. 14). being pale green. Female: Total length 2.57±3.01, length AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_23 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

2000 SCHUH: REVISION OF MEGALOPSALLUS 23

Fig. 5. Habitus of Megalopsallus nicholi, male (Mexico, Zacatecas, 13 mi SW of Concepcion del Oro).

apex clypeus±cuneal fracture 1.84±2.16, (Chenopodiaceae), 16(, 113& (AMNH, width across pronotum 0.96±1.13; ovoid (®g. USNM). Yuma Co.: Yuma, April 27, 1939, 14); body form elongate ovoid (®g. 9). L. L. Stitt, Paratypes: 2(, (USNM). Yuma, HOSTS: Allenrolfea occidentalis, Salicor- May 5, 1942, L. L. Stitt, Paratypes: 3( nia sp. (Chenopodiaceae). (CNC, USNM). California: Imperial Co.: DISTRIBUTION: Arizona, southern Califor- Holtville, March 13, 1945, Weed, 1( nia, and Baja California Norte. (USNM). Inyo Co.: Death Valley, Saratoga SPECIMENS EXAMINED: MEXICO. Ð Baja Springs, March 23, 1957, C. L. Hogue, 1( California Norte: 1 mi S of Bahia de los (LACM). Death Valley, Triangle Spa, April Angeles, March 26, 1979, J. D. Pinto, Sal- 16, 1943, G. Willett, 1( (LACM). Riverside icornia sp. (Chenopodiaceae), 1(,1& Co.: Salton Sea, Salt Creek, April 14, 1974, (UCR). USA. Ð Arizona: Maricopa Co.: M. Wasbauer, Salicornia sp. (Chenopodi- just S of Buckeye, Palo Verde Rd at Rt. 85, aceae), 1(,14& (CAFA). Salton Sea, Mec- 335 m, April 1, 1981, R. T. Schuh and M. ca, April 9, 1955, W. R. Richards, pickle- D. Schwartz, Allenrolfea occidentalis bush, 6(,6& (CNC). AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_24 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

24 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 3305

Fig. 6. Habitus of Megalopsallus nigricaput, male (Arizona, Graham Co., Stockton Pass, Pinaleno Mts).

Megalopsallus nicholi (Knight) and cuneus always at least weakly dark- Figures 5, 9, 15 ened and reddish (®gs. 5, 9). Most easily confused with pale specimens of humeralis Europiella nicholi Knight, 1968: 42 (n. sp.). (®g. 9), the latter also breeding on Lycium Megalopsallus nicholi: Schuh et al., 1995: 389 (n. comb.). spp.; distinguished from humeralis by darkened cuneus contrasting with remain- DIAGNOSIS: Recognized by castaneous der of hemelytra. Genitalia also absolutely head, pronotum, and scutellum contrasting distinctive from those of humeralis. Also with pale corium, clavus, and membrane, similar in general appearance to Sarcoba- AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_25 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

2000 SCHUH: REVISION OF MEGALOPSALLUS 25

Fig. 7. Habitus photographs of Megalopsallus spp. Note that locality data in this and subsequent ®gures are associated with specimens by moving from left to right, beginning in row 1 and working down the page. M. atriplicis ((: Nevada, Nye Co., 2.5 mi NE of Gabbs, Ri¯e Range. &: Texas, Cameron Co, Brownsville). M. brendae ((: California, San Bernardino Co., 1.3 mi S of Goffs. &: Nevada, Clark Co., west entrance to Valley of Fire State Park). M. brittoni (( and &: Texas, Nueces Co, Corpus Christi). M. californicus (( and &: California, Kern Co., Schafter). M. femoralis (( and &: Canada, Saskatchewan, Elstow). M. ¯ammeus (( and &: Nevada, Nye Co., 35 mi N of Tonapah, Coyote Hole Spring/Sevier Reservoir). AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_26 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

26 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 3305

Fig. 8. Habitus photographs of Megalopsallus spp. M. froeschneri ((: Nevada, Nye Co., North- umberland Canyon Road, Topquima Mountains, T14N R44E Sec 31. &: Utah, San Juan Co., Rt. 63 at Arizona border, Monument Valley; California, San Bernardino Co., Providence Mts State Rec. Area; same as female no. 1). M. ephedrae ((: Nevada, Nye Co., 15.5 mi E of Rt. 376 on Northumberland Mine Rd, T31N R45E Secs 3, 4, 10; Nevada, Lincoln Co., 5 mi NE of jct. Rts 38 & 93; Mexico, Baja California Norte, 12 mi E of El Rosario. &: Nevada, Lincoln Co., 5 mi NE of jct. Rts 38 & 93; California, San Bernardino Co., Providence Mts State Rec. Area; California, Inyo Co., 2 mi E of Westgard Pass Summit, White Mts). M. ephedrellus (( and &: Texas, Crockett Co., 16.7 mi W of Ozona). AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_27 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

2000 SCHUH: REVISION OF MEGALOPSALLUS 27

tus-feeding rubricornis (®g. 11), but that SPECIMENS EXAMINED: MEXICO. Ð Za- species always with cuneus unicolorous catecas: 13 mi SE of Concepcion del Oro, with remainder of pale hemelytra and head, July 9, 1983, Schaffner, Kovarik, Harri- with pronotum and scutellum often more son, 15(,18& (TAMU). 6 mi S of Con- strongly reddish. cepcion del Oro, July 9, 1983, Kovarik, REDESCRIPTION: Male: Moderately small, Harrison, and Schaffner, 46(,62& total length 3.02±3.48, length apex clype- (TAMU). USA. Ð Arizona: Cochise Co.: us±cuneal fracture 1.95±2.24, width across July 29, 1927, R. H. Beamer, 1& (KU). pronotum 0.98±1.06. COLORATION: Gila Co.: 5.5 mi W of Roosevelt Dam on Head, pronotum, and undersurface casta- Rt. 188, 2000 ft, May 27, 1983, Schuh, neous or chocolate brown, scutellum partly Stonedahl, and Massie, 12& (AMNH). or entirely, and sometimes femora also, Maricopa Co.: 5 mi S of Freeman SE of brown; hemelytra and often much of scu- Gila Bend, 625 m, May 8, 1978, R. T. tellum cream colored, cuneus weakly to Schuh, A. F. Guenther, Lycium sp. (Sola- strongly reddish brown (®g. 9); eyes dark naceae), 1( (AMNH). 1.8 mi W of Roo- brown; antennae and tibiae pale; tibial sevelt on Rt. 88, May 19, 1980, J. D. Pin- spines dark with faintly darkened bases. to, Lycium sp. (Solanaceae), 12(,12& SURFACE AND VESTITURE: Dorsum (UCR). Pima Co.: Tucson, 2400 ft, April smooth, weakly shining, clothed with pale 19, 1926, A. A. Nichol, Lycium sp. (So- to brown recumbent simple setae inter- lanaceae), Paratypes: 1(,3& (USNM, mixed with golden, shining recumbent se- CNC). Rincon Mts, 3300 ft, September 2, tae and some patches of woolly silvery se- 1928, A. A. Nichol, 4& (USNM). Organ tae. STRUCTURE: Moderately elongate, Pipe Cactus Natl. Mon., Quitobaquito, nearly parallel-sided (®g. 9); labium reach- April 3, 1966, C. W. O'Brien, 1( (UCB). ing to about posterior margin of middle tro- Organ Pipe Cactus Natl. Mon., Alamo chanters; claws nearly straight and sharply Wash, 700±800 m, R. T. Schuh and M. D. curving at apex, pulvilli large and covering Schwartz, Lycium sp. (Solanaceae), 20(, nearly entire ventral claw surface. MALE 13& (AMNH). Organ Pipe Cactus Natl. GENITALIA: Vesica elongate, S-shaped, Mon., Ajo Valley, April 10, 1981, D. A. apex in the form of a ®ngerlike projection Polhemus, Condalia globosa (Rhamna- adorned with tiny spicules; gonopore sub- ceae), 16(,7& (JTP). Baboquivari Mts, apical, well developed; no gonopore scler- Sabino Canyon, April 20, 1982, D. A. and ite (®g. 15). J. T. Polhemus, Quercus arizonica (Faga- Female: Total length 2.37±2.59, length ceae), 1( (JTP). Madera Canyon, May 4, apex clypeus±cuneal fracture 1.79±1.95, 1988, W. A. Jones, Solanum eleagnifolium width across pronotum 0.88±1.02; very (Solanaceae), Nevada: Nye Co.: 2.5 mi broadly ovoid, rotund, membrane short NE of Gabbs off Rt. 844, Gabbs Ri¯e (®g. 9). Range, 4800 ft, July 1, 1983, R. T. Schuh HOSTS: Lycium andersonii, L. sp. (So- and M. D. Schwartz, Lycium andersonii lanaceae). Other reported hosts with lim- (Solanaceae), 2(,6& (AMNH). ited con®rmation: Shepherdia argentea (Eleagnaceae); Condalia globosa (Rham- Megalopsallus nigricaput, new species naceae); Solanum eleagnifolium. Probable Figures 6, 9, 15 sitting records: Quercus arizonica. DISTRIBUTION: Arizona and Nevada HOLOTYPE: Male, ARIZONA: Graham south to Zacatecas, Mexico. County, Stockton Pass, Pinaleno Mts., elev. DISCUSSION: Knight (1968) described 5200-5500 ft., June 1±2, 1983, colls. R. T. this species on the basis of specimens col- Schuh, G. M. Stonedahl, Lycium pallidum lected on Lycium torreyi. The majority of Miers (Solanaceae). Deposited in the Amer- subsequent records are from Lycium spp., ican Museum of Natural History. although the records from Condalia and DIAGNOSIS: Recognized unequivocally by Shepherdia may indicate that those plants the dark head, ®rst antennal segment, coxae, are occasionally used as hosts as well. femora, and thoracic sternum in contrast to AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_28 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

28 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 3305

Fig. 9. Habitus photographs of Megalopsallus spp. M. humeralis ((: Arizona, Pima Co., Santa Catalina Mts, Finger Rock Canyon Trail. &: Nevada, Nye Co., Mercury. (: Arizona, Pima Co., Santa Catalina Mts, Bear Creek near Saddleback. &: California, San Bernardino Co., 10 mi W of Lucerne Valley). M. knowltoni (( and &: California, Mono Co., 8 mi W of Nevada state line on Rt. 359). M. marmoratus ((: Mexico, Baja Calif. Norte, 1 mi S of Bahia de los Angeles. &: Arizona, Maricopa Co., just S of Buckeye). M. nicholi ((: Mexico, Zacatecas, 13 mi SW of Concepcion del Oro. &: Mexico, Zacatecas, 6 mi S of Concepcion del Oro). M. nigricaput (( and &: Arizona, Graham Co., Stockton Pass, Pinaleno Mts). AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_29 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

2000 SCHUH: REVISION OF MEGALOPSALLUS 29

Fig. 10. Habitus photographs of Megalopsallus spp. M. nigrofemoratus ((: California, Inyo Co., 2 mi E of Westgard Pass Summit, White Mts; Utah, Uintah Co., 5±10 mi SW of Bonanza. &: California, Inyo Co., 2 mi E of Westgard Pass Summit, White Mts; Utah, Uintah Co., 5±10 mi SW of Bonanza). M. nuperus (( and &: Utah, Box Elder Co., Bear River Refuge). M. pallidus (( and &: Nevada, Lander Co., 1.5 mi S of Rt. 50 on Rt. 376). M. pallipes ((: Utah, San Juan Co., Rt. 63 at Arizona border, Monument Valley. &: Nevada, Nye Co., 35 mi N of Tonapah, Coyote Hole Spring/Sevier Reservoir). M. parapunctipes (( Nevada, Eureka Co., 12 mi S of Rt. 50 on Rt. 278. &: Nevada, Nye Co., Atomic Test Site, 2.8 mi E of Mercury Highway on Tweezer Road). AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_30 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

30 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 3305

Fig. 11. Habitus photographs of Megalopsallus spp. M. pictipes ((: California, Inyo Co., 1 mi W of Keeler. &: Utah, Washington Co., St. George). M. punctatus (( and &: Texas, Culberson Co., Van Horn). M. punctipes ((: Utah, Gar®eld Co., 14.3 mi S of Rt. 95 on Rt. 276. &: Utah, Grand Co., Deadhorse Point Road). M. rubricornis ((: California, Mono Co., 8 mi W of Nevada state line on Rt. 359; Nevada, Lyon Co., 8 mi N of Sweetwater Summit; Nevada, Lander Co., 11 mi S of Rt. 50 on Rt. 376. &: Nevada, Lyon Co., 8 mi N of Sweetwater Summit; Nevada, Lander Co., 11 mi S of Rt. 50 on Rt. 376; California, Mono Co., 8 mi W of Nevada state line on Rt. 359). AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_31 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

2000 SCHUH: REVISION OF MEGALOPSALLUS 31

Fig. 12. Habitus photographs of Megalopsallus spp. M. rubropictipes (( and &: Nevada, Nye Co., 2.5 mi NE of Gabbs, Ri¯e Range). M. teretis ((: Nevada, Nye Co., Atomic Test Site, Mercury Highway at Angle Road. &: Nevada, Nye Co., 2.5 mi NE of Gabbs, Ri¯e Range). M. sarcobati (( and &: Nevada, Lander Co., 7.5 mi S of Rt. 50 on Rt. 376). M. schwartzi (( and &: Nevada, Nye Co., 2.5 mi NE of Gabbs, Ri¯e Range). M. sparsus ((: Utah, Duchesne Co., 23.7 mi S of Myton, Wells Draw; California, Imperial Co., near railroad tracks on Rt. 580. &: Arizona, Pima Co., Tucson, Santa Catalina Mts, Bear Creek near Saddleback Dr.; Utah, Duchesne Co., 23.7 mi S of Myton, Wells Draw). AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_32 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

32 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 3305

Fig. 13. Male genitalic structures, vesicae of Megalopsallus spp. gs ϭ gonopore sclerite.

otherwise almost white to weakly greenish ing eyes, antennal segment 1, coxae, tro- coloration (®gs. 6, 9). Probably most easily chanters, femora, and apex of labium casta- confused with rubricornis (®g. 11), but in neous and strongly contrasting with remain- that species pronotum and scutellum always der of body and appendages (®g. 9). SUR- red to castaneous. FACE AND VESTITURE: Head weakly DESCRIPTION: Male: Medium sized, total shining, remainder of dorsum smooth and length 3.35±3.44, length apex clypeus±cu- dull; dorsum clothed with pale recumbent, neal fracture 2.23±2.33, width across prono- simple setae intermixed with scattered, sil- tum 1.02±1.10. COLORATION: Generally very, weakly ¯attened setae. STRUCTURE: white with a faint greenish cast; head includ- Elongate ovoid (®g. 9); labium reaching to AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_33 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

2000 SCHUH: REVISION OF MEGALOPSALLUS 33

middle trochanters; claws long, slender, (®g. 10). Most easily confused with humer- smoothly curving, pulvilli minute. MALE alis (®g. 10) on basis of size, coloration, and GENITALIA: Vesica elongate, S-shaped, type of sexual dimorphism; readily recog- apex membranous; gonopore subapical, nized by structure of male genitalia, vesica sclerotized; no gonopore sclerite (®g. 15). in nigrofemoratus being more elongate and Female: Total length 3.11±3.24, length slender than that of humeralis, and its asso- apex clypeus±cuneal fracture 2.19±2.36, ciation with Atriplex and Grayia, whereas width across pronotum 1.04±1.06; just humeralis feeding only on Lycium. Pale slightly more ovoid than male (®g. 9). specimens separated from the Lycium-feed- ETYMOLOGY: Named for the contrasting ing nicholi by having the cuneus unicolorous dark coloration of the head relative to the with corium. remainder of the body; from the Latin niger, REDESCRIPTION: Male: Small to medium black, and caput, head. sized, total length 3.13±3.88, length apex HOSTS: Lycium pallidum (Solanaceae); clypeus±cuneal fracture 2.00±2.46, width Shepherdia argentea (Eleagnaceae). across pronotum 0.97±1.16. COLORA- DISTRIBUTION: Arizona, Nevada, and Utah. TION: Dorsum varying from largely deep PARATYPES: USA. Ð Arizona: Graham blackish-brown to having the hemelytra Co.: Stockton Pass, Pinaleno Mts, 5200± somewhat lighter to much lighter (®g. 10); 5500 ft, June 1, 1983, R. T. Schuh and G. M. eyes blackish; antennae usually reddish, Stonedahl, Lycium pallidum (Solanaceae), sometimes almost entirely pale; femora 114(, 110& (AMNH). Yavapai Co.: 22.7 mi varying from dark or darkened to pale with S of Ash Fork on Rt. 89, June 4, 1983, G. a reddish cast and sometimes red spots, tib- M. Stonedahl, Shepherdia argentea (Elaeag- iae pale, tibial spines dark with dark bases; naceae), 27(,26& (AMNH). 5 mi N of Pres- underside of body dark. SURFACE AND cott on Rt 89, 1800 m, June 20, 1980, R. T. VESTITURE: Dorsum smooth, very weak- Schuh, Lycium pallidum (Solanaceae), 18 , ( ly shining, clothed with recumbent, dark, 64& (AMNH). Nevada: Nye Co.: Atomic simple setae intermixed with woolly, sil- Test Site, 4.5 mi S GS500 on Jackass Flats very setae. STRUCTURE: Weakly to Rd, 3300 ft, June 6, 1983, Schuh, Schwartz, strongly elongate, parallel-sided, speci- Stonedahl, Lycium pallidum (Solanaceae), mens in some populations relatively more 1( (AMNH). Utah: San Juan Co.: Grand Flat near Collins Canyon, 5600 ft, May 28, elongate than those in others; labium reach- 1978, D. A. and J. T. Polhemus, 20(,20& ing posterior margin of middle trochanters; (JTP). claws relatively short and straight, curving sharply near apex, pulvilli of moderate Megalopsallus nigrofemoratus (Knight) size, attached to claw only at base of pul- Figures 10, 15 villus. MALE GENITALIA: Vesica elon- gate, strongly curving, apex membranous, Europiella nigrofemoratus Knight, 1968: 39 (n. gonopore subapical, gonopore sclerite well sp.). developed (®g. 15). Megalopsallus nigrofemoratus: Schuh et al., Female: Total length 2.33±2.85, length 1995: 389 (n. comb.). apex clypeus±cuneal fracture 1.65±2.08, Europiella grayiae Knight, 1968: 41 (n. sp.). NEW SYNONYMY. width across pronotum 0.90±1.06; ovoid, of- Megalopsallus grayiae: Schuh et al., 1995: 389 ten much shorter and more robust than male (n. comb.). (®g. 10). Europiella montanae Knight, 1968: 45 (n. sp.). HOSTS: Atriplex canescens, A. confertifol- NEW SYNONYMY. ia, A. sp., Grayia spinosa, Sarcobatus bail- Megalopsallus montanae: Schuh et al., 1995: 389 eyi, S. vermiculatus (Chenopodiaceae). Prob- (n. comb.). able sitting records: Artemisia cana, A. nova, DIAGNOSIS: Recognized by frequently dark rabbit bush [Chrysothamnus] (Asteraceae); coloration of most of dorsum and femora, or Condalia globosa, Rhamnus sp. (Rhamna- at least head, pronotum, scutellum, and fem- ceae). ora dark and contrasting with pale hemelytra DISTRIBUTION: Interior of western North AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_34 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

34 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 3305

Fig. 14. Male genitalic structures, vesicae of Megalopsallus spp. Left paramere and phallotheca of M. knowltoni.gsϭ gonopore sclerite.

America from Alberta, Canada, south to Za- nigrofemoratus and therefore treat the three catecas, Mexico. nominal species as synonymous. DISCUSSION: Knight (1968) described the SPECIMENS EXAMINED: CANADA. Ð Al- species grayiae and montanae on the basis berta: Mayberries, July 8, 1952, L. A. Kon- of material from a single locality or area, otopetz, Sarcobatus sp. (Chenopodiaceae), comprising relatively homogeneous samples 8(,10& (CNC). Saskatchewan: Wood with limited host data. After having exam- Mountain, August 8, 1955, A. R. Brooks, 2& ined a very large number of specimens from (CNC). MEXICO. Ð Baja California Nor- many localities, most with associated host in- te: 12 mi E of El Rosario, March 25, 1979, formation, I conclude that grayiae and mon- J. D. Pinto, Atriplex sp. (Chenopodiaceae), tanae fall within the range of variation of 1( (UCR). Nuevo Leon: Santa Ana, Sep- AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_35 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

2000 SCHUH: REVISION OF MEGALOPSALLUS 35

Fig. 15. Male genitalic structures, vesica of Megalopsallus spp. Left paramere and phallotheca of M. nigrofemoratus.gsϭ gonopore sclerite. AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_36 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

36 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 3305

tember 8, 1969, L. A. Kelton, 4(,4& 1929, R. L. Usinger, 2& (CAS). Saline Val- (CNC). San Luis Potosi: 19.6 mi S of Hui- ley, May 25, 1975±June 5, 1976, D. Guiliani, zache, July 25, 1976, Schaffner et al., 4(, 3( (LACM). Darwin, May 12, 1969, P. A. 4& (TAMU). 28.5 mi S of Huizache, July 4, Opler, 1& (UCB). 9 mi NE of Big Pine, 6300 1985, Jones, Schaffner, 7(,12& (TAMU). ft, June 9, 1966, W. Gagne, 1( (UCB). 8 mi Sonora: 40 mi W of Moctezuma, April 27, NE of Independence, Mazourka Canyon, 1981, D. A. and J. T. Polhemus, Rhamnus sp. May 11, 1969, J. T. Doyen, 5(,18& (UCB). (Rhamnaceae), 1(,10& (JTP). Zacatecas: 7 mi NE of Panamint Springs, May 16, 1969, 13 mi SW of Concepcion del Oro, July 9, P. Rude and J. Doyen, 12(,2& (UCB). 2 mi 1983, Kovarik, Harrison, and Schaffner, E of Westgard Pass Summit, White Mts, 17(,14& (TAMU). Concepcion del Oro, 2125 m, July 2, 1980, R. T. Schuh, Atriplex July 8, 1983, Kovarik, Harrison, Schaffner, sp. (Chenopodiaceae), 6(,11& (AMNH). 2( (TAMU). 30 mi SW of Concepcion del Surprise Canyon, Panamint Mts, April 24, Oro, July 9, 1983, Kovarik, Harrison, and 1957, J. Powell, 1( (UCB). San Bernardino Schaffner, 35(,21& (TAMU). 6 mi S of Co.: 1.5 mi W of Kramer Junction, April 24, Concepcion del Oro, July 9, 1983, Kovarik, 1980, M. D. Schwartz, Atriplex confertifolia Harrison, Schaffner, 1(,3& (TAMU). USA. (Chenopodiaceae), 7(,13& (AMNH). 3 mi Ð Arizona: Eager, Apache Natl. Forest, S of Kramer Junction, April 15, 1965, D. 7500 ft, July 12, 1968, L. A. Kelton, (Aster- Veirs, 5(,3& (UCB). 3 mi W of Lucerne aceae), 3& (CNC). Coconino Co.: 1miEof Valley, May 5, 1975, J. D. Pinto, 5(,1& Tuba City on Rt. 163, 5000 ft, June 16, 1983, (UCR). 6 mi SE of Kramer Junction, April R. T. Schuh and M. D. Schwartz, Sarcobatus 8, 1966, L. and C. W. O'Brien, 15(,13& vermiculatus (Chenopodiaceae), 1(,6& (UCB). Goldstone Lake, April 26, 1953, R.O (AMNH). Marble Canyon Monument, T7E Schuster, 2& (UCB). Colorado: Eagle Co.: R39N, 3603 ft, April 18, 1982, M. D. N of Eagle, June 24, 1979, J. T. Polhemus, Schwartz, Atriplex confertifolia (Chenopodi- 2& (JTP). Mesa Co.: Rabbit Valley, June 7, aceae), 20(,6& (AMNH). Red Lake on Rt. 1981, J. T. Polhemus, 1( (JTP). E of Pali- 160, June 26, 1980, K. & R. Schmidt, Sar- sade, Plateau Creek, June 6, 1981, J. T. Pol- cobatus vermiculatus (Chenopodiaceae), 3& hemus, 4( (JTP). Mineral Co.: Creede, June (AMNH). Rt. 64 just SE of Grand Canyon 21, 1990, J. T. and D. A. Polhemus, 6(,10& Natl. Park, June 26, 1980, K.&R. Schmidt, (JTP). Moffat Co.: 5 mi S of Baggs, Wyo- Atriplex canescens (Chenopodiaceae), 1& ming, 6350 ft, August 14, 1986, R. T. Schuh, (AMNH). Maricopa Co.: Palo Verde Rd at Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Chenopodiaceae), Rt. 85 just S of Buckeye, 335 m, April 1, 15(,20& (AMNH). Gates of Lodore, June 1981, R. T. Schuh and M. D. Schwartz, Atri- 28, 1979, D. A. Polhemus, 2(,3& (JTP). plex sp. (Chenopodiaceae), 2( (AMNH). Montezuma Co.: 4 mi E of Cortez, August Pima Co.: 10 mi S of Robles jct., April 20, 16, 1973, J. C. Schaffner, 8& (TAMU). Cor- 1982, D. A. and J. T. Polhemus, Atriplex sp. tez, July 19, 1968, L. A. Kelton, Salicornia (Chenopodiaceae), 1( (JTP). Tucson, April sp. (Chenopodiaceae), 6(,14& (CNC). 16, 1939, B. P. Bliven, 2( (CAS). Santa Cat- Mesa Verde Natl. Park, June 10, 1968, J. E. alina Mts, Finger Rock Canyon Trail, 3000± Slansky, 2& (UCD). Montrose Co.: 6miE 3500 ft, April 5, 1981, M. D. Schwartz, Ar- of Montrose, August 13, 1987, T.J. Henry, temisia cana (Asteraceae), 1(,2& (AMNH). Atriplex canescens (Chenopodiaceae), 5(, Organ Pipe Cactus Natl. Mon., Ajo Valley, 10& (USNM). Pueblo Co.: Pueblo, June 15, April 10, 1981, D. A. Polhemus, Condalia 1900, 4( (USNM). Rio Blanco Co.: W globosa (Rhamnaceae), 6(,5& (JTP). 7 mi Evacuation Creek, 4 mi SE of state line on SE of Continental on rd to Madeira Canyon, Rt. 45, 6400 ft, July 9, 1981, M. D. 3700 ft, September 28, 1988, M. D. Schwartz, Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Cheno- Schwartz, Atriplex canescens (Chenopodi- podiaceae), 3(,1& (AMNH). Montana: aceae), 2& (AMNH). Yavapai Co.: Caslte Carbon Co.: Bear Creek between Red Lodge Wash north of Phoenix, March 21, 1980, J. and Belfry, 5000 ft, August 12, 1986, M. D. T. Polhemus, 1(,3& (JTP). California: Inyo Schwartz and G. M. Stonedahl, Sarcobatus Co.: Mono Lake, Tioga Lodge, June 22, vermiculatus (Chenopodiaceae), 21(,45& AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_37 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

2000 SCHUH: REVISION OF MEGALOPSALLUS 37

Fig. 16. Male genitalic structures, vesicae of Megalopsallus spp. Left paramere and phallotheca of M. sarcobati.gsϭ gonopore sclerite.

(AMNH). Gallatin Co.: Bozeman, July 17, Schuh, 3(,5& (AMNH). Elko Co.: 2.2 mi 1926, W. Downes, 1& (USNM). Yellowstone NE of Cobre on state Rt. 233, 5900 ft, June Co.: Billings, August 4, 1927, H. H. Knight, 25, 1983, R. T. Schuh and M. D. Schwartz, 3& (USNM). Nevada: Clark Co.: 1miEof Atriplex confertifolia (Chenopodiaceae), 6& Searchlight, 1095 m, May 17, 1978, R. T. (AMNH). 2.2 mi NE of Cobre on state Rt. AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_38 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

38 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 3305

233, 5900 ft, June 25, 1983, R. T. Schuh and Schwartz, and Stonedahl, 2( (AMNH). 5.5 M. D. Schwartz, Grayia spinosa (Chenopo- mi S of Belmont on Rt. 82, 2031 m, July 13, diaceae), 18(,19& (AMNH). 23.7 mi S of 1980, R. T. Schuh and G. M. Stonedahl, Atri- jct. Rt. 229 on Rt. 93, July 19, 1980, G. M. plex sp. (Chenopodiaceae), 4(,13& Stonedahl, Atriplex sp. (Chenopodiaceae), (AMNH). 35 mi N of Tonapah, Coyote Hole 4& (AMNH). Utah state line on Utah Rt. 30, Spring/Sevier Reservoir, T8 R42E S11 & 23, 4760 ft, June 25, 1983, R. T. Schuh and M. 6000 ft, June 30, 1983, R. T. Schuh and M. D. Schwartz, Grayia spinosa (Chenopodi- D. Schwartz, Sarcobatus vermiculatus var. aceae), 22(,25& (AMNH). Eureka Co.: baileyi (Chenopodiaceae), 5& (AMNH). Garden Summit on Rt. 278, 23.5 mi N of Rt. Northumberland Canyon Rd, Toquima Mts, 50, 6500 ft, June 27, 1983, R. T. Schuh and 6400 ft, June 28, 1983, R. T. Schuh and M. M. D. Schwartz, Grayia spinosa (Chenopo- D. Schwartz, Grayia spinosa (Chenopodi- diaceae), 7(,18& (AMNH). Humboldt Co.: aceae), 2(,2& (AMNH). Washoe Co.: Ver- 27 mi W of Denio, June 23, 1971, P. Oman, di, July 9, 1967, W. Gagne, 1& (UCB). New 1( (OSU). Sheldon Natl. Antelope Range. Mexico: Taos Co.: Ojo Caliente, June 6, 0.5 mi S of jct. 8A and 343A, 1950 m, July 1982, D. A. and J. T. Polhemus, Atriplex sp. 2, 1979, R. T. Schuh and B. M. Massie, Atri- (Chenopodiaceae), 1(,5& (JTP). Oregon: plex sp. (Chenopodiaceae), 13(,26& Harney Co.: Alvord Basin, T37S R33E S26, (AMNH). Lander Co.: 1.5 mi S of Rt 50 on April 26, 1979, Cobb and Lightfoot, Atriplex Rt 376, T18N R45E, 6000 ft, June 28, 1983, spinosa (Chenopodiaceae), 1(,1& (OSU). R. T. Schuh and M. D. Schwartz, Grayia spi- T37S R33E, Lightfoot and Cobb, Atriplex nosa (Chenopodiaceae), 18(,60& (AMNH). spinosa (Chenopodiaceae), 4(,4& (OSU). Lincoln Co.: 5 mi NE of jct. Rts 38 & 93, Utah: Duchesne Co.: 23.7 mi S of Myton, 2500 ft, May 19, 1982, M. D. Schwartz, Well's Draw, T10S R15E, 6000 ft, M. D. Grayia spinosa (Chenopodiaceae), 13(,27& Schwartz, 1& (AMNH). Gar®eld Co.: Cap- (AMNH). Lyon Co.: Weeks, May 29, 1967, itol Reef Natl. Park, Grand Wash, Cohab C. W. O'Brien, Sarcobatus vermiculatus Canyon Trail, 5350±6640 ft, June 21, 1983, (Chenopodiaceae), 2( (UCB). Mineral Co.: R. T. Schuh and M. D. Schwartz, Sarcobatus 27 mi SW of Hawthorne on Rt 359, 1 mi NE vermiculatus (Chenopodiaceae), 56(,33& of Anchorite Summit, 7400 ft, July 2, 1983, (AMNH). Grand Co.: East of Moab, Utah, R. T. Schuh and M. D. Schwartz, Grayia spi- Colorado River Bridge, May 26, 1979, J. T. nosa (Chenopodiaceae), 18(,14& (AMNH). and D. A. Polhemus, 10(,14& (JTP). 11 mi Nye Co.: Mercury, 18 M, June 11, 1965, H. SE of Rt 163 toward Dead Horse Point on Knight and J. Merino, Grayia spinosa (Chen- Rt. 313, 5200 ft, June 11, 1982, M. D. opodiaceae), 17(,13& (USNM). Test Site, Schwartz, Grayia spinosa (Chenopodiaceae), 6.8 mi SE Mercury Hwy on Orange Blossom 11(,12& (AMNH). Millard Co.: Longridge Rd, 4000 ft, June 8, 1983, Schuh, Schwartz, Reservoir Cutoff on Rt. 50/6, 4500 ft, May and Stonedahl, 1( (AMNH). Mercury, 40M, 19, 1982, M. D. Schwartz, Atriplex confer- June 14, 1965, H. Knight and J. Merino, tifolia (Chenopodiaceae), 20(,14& Grayia spinosa (Chenopodiaceae), 7(,8& (AMNH). San Juan Co.: 25 mi N of Mon- (USNM). Berlin Ichthyosaur State Mon. on ticello on Rt. 191, 5700 ft, July 18, 1986, R. Rt. 844, 6350 ft, July 1, 1983, R. T. Schuh T. Schuh, Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Cheno- and M. D. Schwartz, Sarcobatus baileyi podiaceae), 34(,63& (AMNH). Sevier Co.: (Chenopodiaceae), 1& (AMNH). Atomic 32 mi N of Hiway 24 on Hiway 72, 7560 ft, Test Site, Mercury Hwy at Angle Rd, 3800 July 17, 1980, G. M. Stonedahl, Atriplex sp. ft, June 8, 1983, Schuh, Schwartz, and Sto- (Chenopodiaceae), 1& (AMNH). Uintah nedahl, Grayia spinosa (Chenopodiaceae), Co.: 5±10 mi SW of Bonanza, T10S R24E, 6(,5& (AMNH). Atomic Test Site, Mercury 5000±5600 ft, June 6, 1981±June 8, 1982, Hwy at Angle Rd, 3800 ft, June 8, 1983, M. D. Schwartz, Sarcobatus vermiculatus Schuh, Schwartz, and Stonedahl, Atriplex ca- (Chenopodiaceae), 82(,92& (AMNH). Wy- nescens (Chenopodiaceae), 6(,2& oming: Big Horn Co.: 1 mi W of Shell (AMNH). Atomic Test Site, Jackass Flats Creek Falls Scenic Overlook on Rt. 14, 5600 Road, 3300 ft, June 6, 1983, Schuh, ft, August 13, 1986, Schuh, Schwartz, and AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_39 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

2000 SCHUH: REVISION OF MEGALOPSALLUS 39

Stonedahl, Artemisia nova (Asteraceae), 1( (AMNH).

Megalopsallus nuperus (Van Duzee) Figures 10, 15, 17 Oncotylus nuperus Van Duzee, 1923: 157 (n. sp.). Megalopsallus nuperus: Carvalho, 1958: 72 (cat., n. comb.). Megalopsallus diversipes Knight, 1927: 226 (n. sp.). NEW SYNONYMY. Megalopsallus diversipes latifrons Knight, 1927: 226 (n. ssp.). NEW SYNONYMY. DIAGNOSIS: Recognized by generally pale yellowish coloration, red (usually) protuber- ant eyes, and often reddish coloration of the femora. Most similar in general appearance to brittoni in having protuberant eyes and lacking sexual dimorphism, but distinguished by lack of spots at bases of setae on dorsum. Similar to atriplicis and rubropictipes in red protuberant eyes, but those species much more strongly sexually dimorphic and males more elongate in rubropictipes; atriplicis usually with red spots on the head and pro- notum. REDESCRIPTION: Male: Moderate-sized, to- tal length 3.10±3.45, length apex clypeus± cuneal fracture 2.27±2.56, width across pron- otum 1.02±1.13. COLORATION: Entire body and appendages pale, yellowish; eyes usually red, sometimes gray (®g. 10). SUR- FACE AND VESTITURE: Dorsum smooth, dull, or very weakly shining, clothed with pale, recumbent, simple setae intermixed with silvery, weakly ¯attend, somewhat woolly setae (®g. 17D). STRUCTURE: Rel- atively stout-bodied, corial margins nearly straight; labium reaching to posterior margin of hind trochanters or slightly beyond; claws elongate, slender, smoothly curving, pulvilli minute (®g. 17E). MALE GENITALIA: Ve- sica relatively short, twisted, apex attenuated and sclerotized; gonopore subapical; gono- pore sclerite not developed (®g. 15).

→ Fig. 17. Megalopsallus nuperus, male, scan- ning micrographs. A. Lateral view of head and thorax. B. Lateral view of male abdomen. C. Me- sothoracic spiracle and metathoracic scent gland evaporatory area. D. Detail of setae comprising dorsal vestiture. E. Inner surface of claw. AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_40 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

40 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 3305

Female: Total length 3.22±3.27, length SPECIMENS EXAMINED: DOMINICAN RE- apex clypeus±cuneal fracture 2.40±2.92, PUBLIC. Ð Monte Cristi Prov.: 15 km N of width across pronotum 1.05±1.33; more ro- Dajabon, 2 km N of Copey, sea level, 19 bust in appearance than male (®g. 10). 31Ј48Љ N7140Ј42ЉW, April 26, 2000, T. J. HOSTS: Salicornia sp., Suaeda diffusa, S. Henry and R. E. Woodruff. ex Batis sp. (Ba- sp. (Chenopodiaceae); Batis sp. (Bataceae). taceae), 4(,2& (USNM). MEXICO. Ð Probable sitting record: Dondea linearis Baja California Norte: San Francisco Is- (Apiaceae). land, May 30, 1921, E. P. Van Duzee, Para- DISTRIBUTION: Sinaloa, Mexico east to types: 6(,6& (CAS). Chihuahua: Meoqui, Gulf Coast of Florida and north to Utah and May 30, 1964, L. A. Kelton, Chenopodium, Colorado in the West; Hispaniola. 3& (CNC). Durango: 10 mi W of El Salto, DISCUSSION: I have examined the holotype August 3, 1964, L. A. Kelton, 13(,11& male of M. nuperus [``S. Francisco I., Gulf (CNC). Nayarit: San Blas, April 24±26, Calif., May 30, 1921, EP Van Duzee Collec- 1961, Howden and Martin, 1(,5& (CNC). tor,'' (CAS)]. The overall coloration is pale, San Luis Potosi: Huichihuayan, September yellowish, the hind femora being slightly 25, 1938, L.J. Lipovsky, 1& (KU). Sinaloa: tinged with red. It compares favorably with Mazatlan, July 16, 1964±August 6, 1964, L. a long series of specimens collected on Sal- A. Kelton, Salicornia sp. (Chenopodiaceae), icornia by Kelton at Mazatlan, Sinaloa, Mex- 66(, 108& (CNC, AMNH). Sonora: Kino ico. Bay, August 5, 1997, ex Salicornia sp., 4(, Comparison of nuperus, diversipes, and 4& (UAZ). USA. Ð Colorado: Delta Co.: latifrons has forced me to concludeÐin the Delta, July 20, 1898, 1& (USNM). Larimer absence of further information in the form of Co.: Fort Collins, August 30, 1898, 1( well-preserved, host-associated specimensÐ (USNM). Las Animas Co.: Delhi, August 6, that all of these nominal species should be 1925, H. H. Knight, Suaeda diffusa (Chen- treated as synonymous. The combined distri- opodiaceae), 19& (CNC, USNM). Mesa Co.: bution of this species ranges from the Gulf Grand Junction, July 28, 1900, 5& (USNM). of California to the Gulf Coast of Florida Pueblo Co.: Pueblo, July 21, 1900, E. P. Van north into Colorado and parts of Utah. Even Duzee, Paratypes: 5(,5& (CAS). Pueblo, though there is some variation in size, vir- September 15, 1898, 4(,4& (USNM). Flor- tually all specimens are pale. The genitalia ida: Brevard Co.: Cocoa Beach, May 22, are all very similar, showing some variation 1927, E. D. Ball, Suaeda sp. (Chenopodi- in the length of the apical spine, but are aceae), 1(,4& (USNM). Louisiana: St. nonetheless of little help in distinguishing Tamman Co.: Covington, June 23, 1948, E. multiple species. Of all taxa treated in the L. Todd, 1( (KU). Mississippi: Harrison present work, nuperus could possibly bene®t Co.: Biloxi, June 14, 1917, H. H. Knight, 1( most from the analysis of additional, well- (USNM); Paratypes: 23(,27& (CNC, preserved, host-documented material from USNM). Biloxi, June 25, 1948, R. H. Bea- across its entire range. mer, 1& (KU). Texas: ?? Co.: San Juan, The six specimens examined from the Do- June 28, 1938, L. W. Hepner, 1(,3& (KU). minican Republic agree closely with the ma- Cedar Lake, August 9, 1928, R. H. Beamer, terial used by Knight (1927) from Biloxi, 2( (KU). Brazoria Co.: August 10, 1928, R. Mississippi, in his description of Megalop- H. Beamer, 21(,7& (KU, AMNH). Calhoun sallus latifrons diversipes, including size, Co.: Port Lavaca, Dondia linearis (Api- vestiture, red eyes, and form of the male gen- aceae), 1(,2& (USNM). Cameron Co.: 4mi italia. They are, however, much more obvi- ESE of Brownsville, October 20, 1997, W. F. ously green than any specimens that I have Chamberlain, 2& (TAMU). Boca Chica, June attributed to nuperus. In his description of 9, 1970, V. V. Board, 4(,3& (AMNH). latifrons, Knight noted that the specimens he Brownsville, May 10, 1930, R. L. McGarr, examined were pale green. It appears that 1( (USNM). Hidalgo Co.: May 20, 1930, J. most of the specimens I have examined have C. Gaines, 5& (USNM). McAllen, July 2, yellowed over time, probably as a result of 1938, R.I. Sailer, 1( (KU). Limestone Co.: the methods of preservation and storage. Victoria, June 25, 1917, H. H. Knight, 1& AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_41 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

2000 SCHUH: REVISION OF MEGALOPSALLUS 41

(USNM). San Patricio Co.: Sinton, July 31, 1964, M.H. Sweet, 1& (TAMU). Utah: Box Elder Co.: Bear River Refuge, July 26, 1949, G. Ruhr, 4(,16& (AMNH, CNC, USNM). Cache Co.: Logan, W.G. Firestone, 2( (USU). Juab Co.: Nephi, July 6, 1965, G. F. Knowlton, 2( (USU). Mona, July 6, 1965, G. F. Knowlton, 1( (USU). Salt Lake Co.: Salt Lake City airport, July 6, 1975, G. F. Knowlton, 1& (UCD). Utah Co.: Benjamin, July 20, 1963, G. F. Knowlton, 1( (USU). Weber Co.: Ogden, July 12, 1967, G. F. Knowlton, 1( (USU).

Megalopsallus pallidus (Knight), new combination Figures 10, 15, 18 Nevadocoris pallidus Knight, 1968: 60 (n. sp.).

DIAGNOSIS: Recognized by relatively large size and entirely pale yellowish coloration (®g. 10). Possibly most easily confused with schwartzi (®g. 12), but lacking red eyes, and occurring exclusively on Atriplex, rather than Sarcobatus. REDESCRIPTION: Male: Moderately large, total length 4.01±4.34, length apex clypeus± cuneal fracture 2.61±2.83, width across pron- otum 1.09±1.19. COLORATION: Entire body and appendages pale, yellowish white, including eyes. SURFACE AND VESTI- TURE: Dorsum smooth, dull, clothed with pale, shining, recumbent, simple setae inter- mixed with shining, silvery, slightly ¯attened setae (®g. 18B). STRUCTURE: Hemelytra elongate, nearly parallel-sided, apex of ab- domen only slightly surpassing cuneal frac- ture; labium reaching to posterior margin of hind trochanters; claws nearly straight, curv- ing only near apex; pulvilli large, extending nearly entire length of claw (®g. 18C). MALE GENITALIA: Vesica S-shaped, apex Fig. 18. Megalopsallus pallidus, male, scan- membranous; gonopore subapical, not heavi- ning micrographs. A. Mesothoracic spiracle and ly sclerotized; no gonopore sclerite (®g. 15). metathoracic scent gland evaporatory area. B. De- Female: Total length 3.24±3.76, length tail of setae comprising dorsal vestiture. C. Ven- tral view of pretarsus. apex clypeus±cuneal fracture 2.34±2.68, width across pronotum 1.08±1.28; body form ovoid, robust (®g. 10). in Nevadocoris on the basis of pulvillar HOSTS: Grayia spinosa, Atriplex sp. structure, coloration, and antennal structure. (Chenopodiaceae). Examination of the male genitalia indicates DISTRIBUTION: Central and southern Ne- that pallidus is a Megalopsallus species, a vada. placement corroborated by its known occur- DISCUSSION: Knight (1968) placed pallidus rence only on species of Atriplex and Grayia AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_42 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

42 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 3305

(Chenopodiaceae). Nevadocoris becki, the tennae and tibiae lighter than coxae and fem- type of the genus in which pallidus was orig- ora; tibial spines pale with pale bases. SUR- inally placed, has male genitalia dissimilar in FACE AND VESTITURE: Head, pronotum, structure to those of species here placed in and scutellum smooth, dull, almost powdery Megalopsallus and breeds on members of the in appearance, hemelytra very weakly shin- Asteraceae, including Tetradymia and Chry- ing; dorsum clothed with pale recumbent sothamnus. simple setae intermixed with ¯attened silvery SPECIMENS EXAMINED: USA. Ð Nevada: setae. STRUCTURE: Elongate, parallel-sid- Clark Co.: 2.5 mi E of Searchlight, 935 m, ed (®g. 9); labium short, reaching to about May 17, 1978, R. T. Schuh, 1( (AMNH). midpoint of mesosternum; claws nearly Elko Co.: State line on Utah Rt. 30, 4760 ft, straight over much of length, curving sharply June 25, 1983, R. T. Schuh and M. D. near apex, pulvilli small. MALE GENITA- Schwartz, Grayia spinosa (Chenopodiaceae), LIA: Vesica relatively short, twisted, apex bi- 9(,4& (AMNH). Lander Co.: 1.5 mi S of ®d, scondary gonopore subapical, gonopore Rt. 50 on Rt. 376, T18N R45E, 5900 ft, June sclerite small and weakly sclerotized (®g. 28, 1983, Schuh and Schwartz, Grayia spi- 14). nosa (Chenopodiaceae), 110(, 134& Female: Total length 3.18±3.48, length (AMNH). Nye Co.: Atomic Test Site, 2.6 mi apex clypeus±cuneal fracture 2.21±2.38, W of Mercury Hwy, Cane Spgs. Rd, 3400 ft, width across pronotum 1.00±1.04; elongate June 6, 1983, Schuh, Schwartz, and Stone- ovoid (®g. 10). dahl, Grayia spinosa (Chenopodiaceae), 2(, HOSTS: Ephedra spp. (Ephedraceae). 13& (AMNH). Mercury, 401M, June 14, DISCUSSION: Although the coloration of 1965, Beck, Knight, Merino, Paratypes: 2( pallipes is quite different from that of ephed- (USNM). 5.5 mi S of Belmont on Rt. 82, rae and froeschneri, the bi®d apex of the ve- 2031 m, July 13, 1980, R. T. Schuh, G. M. sica nonetheless suggests a close relationship Stonedahl, Atriplex sp. (Chenopodiaceae), with those species. 9(,14& (AMNH). DISTRIBUTION: Southern Nevada and Utah. SPECIMENS EXAMINED: USA. Ð Arizona: Megalopsallus pallipes (Knight), Coconino Co.: 27 mi E of Jacob Lake on Rt new combination 89 Alt., June 24, 1980, R. T. Schuh, Ephedra Figures 10, 14 torreyana (Ephedraceae), 1(,2& (AMNH). Mohave Co.: Virgin River Canyon, 0.35 mi Ankylotylus pallipes Knight, 1968: 56 (n. sp.). SW of milepost 24 on Hwy 15, Purgatory Merinocapsus pallipes Schuh, 1986: 224 (n. Canyon, 2600 ft, May 24, 1981, M. D. comb., diag. ®gs. distr.). Schwartz, 2( (AMNH). Nevada: Nye Co.: DIAGNOSIS: Recognized by generally pale 35 mi N of Tonapah, Coyote Hole Spring/ coloration, except for the largely red-orange Sevier Reservoir, T8 R42E S11 & 23, 6000 to brown pronotum and scutellum; labium ft, June 30, 1983, R. T. Schuh and M. D. relatively short, reaching only between fore Schwartz, Ephedra sp. (Ephedraceae), 4& and middle coxae. Similar in general color- (AMNH). Northumberland Canyon Rd, To- ation to some pale specimens of nigrofemor- quima Mts, T14N R44E Sec. 31, 6400 ft, atus, but head always pale in pallipes and June 28, 1983, R. T. Schuh and M. D. dorsal surface distinctly dull. Breeds only on Schwartz, Ephedra sp. (Ephedraceae), 5(, Ephedra. 6& (AMNH). Mercury, 401M, June 20, REDESCRIPTION: Male: Medium sized elon- 1965, H. Knight, J. Merino, holotype: male gate, total length 3.49±4.13, length apex (USNM). Mercury, TM, June 14, 1965, E. clypeus±cuneal fracture 2.36±2.62, width Beck, H. Knight, J. Merino, 1& (USNM). across pronotum 0.96±1.14. COLORATION: Utah: Grand Co.: 11 mi SE of jct. Rd 313 Head and hemelytra pale, pronotum and scu- and Rd 163 toward Dead Horse Point, 5200 tellum partially to entirely orange-brown to ft, June 11, 1982, M. D. Schwartz, Ephedra brown; underside of thorax mostly pale or- viridis (Ephedraceae), 1(,2& (AMNH). San ange, abdominal venter pale green; eyes Juan Co.: 1.2 mi W of Gooseneck Rd jct. on brown; appendages largely pale orange, an- Rt. 244, 5000 ft, June 16, 1983, R. T. Schuh AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_43 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

2000 SCHUH: REVISION OF MEGALOPSALLUS 43

and M. D. Schwartz, Ephedra torreyana ¯attened setae. STRUCTURE: Elongate, (Ephedraceae), 3(,4& (AMNH). Glen Can- costal margins weakly convex; labium reach- yon Recreation Area, 12 mi S of Rt. 263, ing to posterior margin of middle trochan- T40S R14E, 4300 ft, June 17, 1983, R. T. ters; claws elongate and smooth, curving Schuh and M. D. Schwartz, Ephedra torrey- over entire length; pulvilli small. MALE ana (Ephedraceae), 1(,5& (AMNH). GENITALIA: Vesica in the form of a J, apex Goosenecks Overlook, 5000 ft, June 17, attenuated; gonopore delicate, subapical; no 1983, R. T. Schuh and M. D. Schwartz, gonopore sclerite (®g. 15). Ephedra torreyana (Ephedraceae), 7(,11& Female: Total length 2.43±2.75, length (AMNH). Rt. 63 at Arizona border, Monu- apex clypeus±cuneal fracture 1.78±2.08, ment Valley, 5200 ft, June 16, 1983, R. T. width across pronotum 0.87±1.03; body form Schuh and M. D. Schwartz, Ephedra cutleri ovate, robust (®g. 10). (Ephedraceae), 4(,7& (AMNH). Washing- ETYMOLOGY: Named for its similarity of ton Co.: 3.5 mi E of La Verkin, June 25, appearance to Megalopsallus punctipes 1980, R. T. Schuh, Ephedra sp. (Ephedra- (Knight). ceae), 2& (AMNH). HOST: Atriplex canescens, A. confertifolia, A. sp. (Chenopodiaceae). Megalopsallus parapunctipes, new species DISTRIBUTION: Interior western North Figures 10, 15 America, from California, Nevada, and Utah. PARATYPES: USA. Ð California: Mono HOLOTYPE: Male, Nevada: Eureka Co., 12 Co.: 8 mi W of Nevada state line on Rt. 359, mi N of Rt. 50 on Rt 278, 5800 ft., June 27, 6700 ft, July 2, 1983, R. T. Schuh and M. D. 1983, R. T. Schuh, M. D. Schwartz, Atriplex Schwartz, Atriplex confertifolia (Chenopodi- confertifolia (Torr. and Frem.) S. Wats. aceae), 8(,8& (AMNH). Riverside Co.: (Chenopodiaceae). Deposited in the Ameri- Thousand Palms, November 24, 1955, W. R. can Museum of Natural History. Richards, 7(,6& (CNC). Santa Barbara DIAGNOSIS: Recognized, in common with Co.: 8 mi E of New Cuyama, 2000 ft, May punctipes and sarcobati, by generally pale 10, 1985, R. T. Schuh, Atriplex sp. (Cheno- green coloration, including appendages, podiaceae), 12(,20& (AMNH). Nevada: white eyes, and pale brown spots on femora Eureka Co.: 12 mi N of Rt. 50 on Rt 278, (®g. 10). Distinguished from them by infus- 5800 ft, June 27, 1983, R. T. Schuh and M. cate thoracic sternum and form of male gen- D. Schwartz, Atriplex confertifolia (Cheno- italia (compare ®gs. 15 and 16), and also podiaceae), 68(,56& (AMNH). Lander Co.: from Sarcobatus-feeding sarcobati by that 7.5 mi S of Rt. 50 on Rt. 376, 5900 ft, June species' larger size and broader head. Similar 28, 1983, Schuh and Schwartz, Atriplex con- in size and general appearance to sparsus, fertifolia (Chenopodiaceae), 4(,9& but eyes almost always black in sparsus; also (AMNH). Nye Co.: Cumberland Canyon sparsus usually with some dark areas on Road, Toquima Mts, T14N R44E, 6400 ft, head, pronotum, and femora. Distinguished June 28, 1983, R. T. Schuh and M. D. from generally pale schwartzi by red eyes of Schwartz, 3( (AMNH). Rock V. on Jackass that species and its lack of spots on femora. Flats Road, 3300 ft, June 6, 1983, Schuh, DESCRIPTION: Male: Medium sized, total Schwartz, Stonedahl, 2(, (AMNH). Atomic length 3.28±3.72, length apex clypeus±cu- Test Site, 6.5 mi S GS500 on Jackass Flats neal fracture 2.12±2.42, width across prono- Rd, 3300 ft, June 6, 1983, Schuh, Schwartz, tum 0.91±1.00. COLORATION: General col- and Stonedahl, Atriplex confertifolia (Chen- oration of body and appendages pale green, opodiaceae), 3(,28& (AMNH). Atomic Test including eyes; underside of thorax and ab- Site, 2 mi E of Mercury Hwy on Tweezer domen often darkened in males; femora with Rd, 3800 ft, June 8, 1983, Schuh, Schwartz, some small dark spots; tibial spines pale with and Stonedahl, Atriplex confertifolia (Chen- dark bases (®g. 10). SURFACE AND VES- opodiaceae), 26(,49& (AMNH). 2.8 mi E TITURE: Dorsum smooth, very weakly shin- of Mercury Hiway on Tweezer Road, 3800 ing, clothed with pale, recumbent, simple se- ft, June 8, 1983, Schuh, Schwartz, Stonedahl, tae intermixed with silvery, shining, weakly Atriplex confertifolia (Chenopodiaceae), 4( AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_44 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

44 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 3305

(AMNH). Utah: Uintah Co.: 5±10 mi SW of (Apiaceae); Haplopappus acradenius (Aster- Bonanza, T10S R24E, 5000-5600 ft, June 3, aceae); Lycium andersonii (Solanaceae). 1981, M. D. Schwartz, Atriplex canescens DISTRIBUTION: Interior western North (Chenopodiaceae), 12(,7& (AMNH). America from northern Mexico north to southern Oregon. Megalopsallus pictipes (Van Duzee), DISCUSSION: Psallus suaedae Knight was new combination synonymized with Psallus pictipes Van Du- Figures 11, 16 zee by Carvalho (1958). Examination of the male genitalia of the species indicates that it Plagiognathus pictipes (Van Duzee), 1918: 305 is clearly a species of Megalopsallus,a (n. sp.). placement corroborated by the chenopodia- Psallus pictipes: Van Duzee, 1923: 161 (n. comb., ceous hosts. list). SPECIMENS EXAMINED: MEXICO. Ð Baja Psallus suaedae Knight, 1925: 34 (n. sp.); Car- California Norte: 70 km S of Rosarito, valho, 1958: 127 (n. syn.). sand dunes, September 8, 1977, Fisher and DIAGNOSIS: Recognized by generally pale Westcott, 5( (CAS). Bahia de Los Angeles, green coloration of dorsum and strongly con- March 31, 1973, Doyen, Szerlip, and Pow- trasting deep red, often mottled, color of an- ell, 1( (UCB). Baja California Sur: 1±3 tennal segment 1 and all femora (®g. 11). mi E of San Jose del Cabo, September 11, Not easily confused with any other species. 1988, E. G. Riley, 2(,3& (TAMU). 95 km N of Loreto, April 21, 1985, R. T. Schuh REDESCRIPTION: Male: Small, total length 2.48±2.93, length apex clypeus±cuneal frac- and B. M. Massie, Allenrolfea occidentalis (Chenopodiaceae), 3(,3& (AMNH). Baja ture 1.69±2.03, width across pronotum 0.83± California: Aqua Verde, May 26, 1921, E. 0.87. COLORATION: General coloration of P. Van Duzee, 6(,6& (CAS). Econdido dorsum pale green, vertex and anterior mar- Bay, June 14, 1921, E. P. Van Duzee, 1& gin of pronotum often with some reddish (CAS). El Consuelo Dunes, J. D. Pinto, 2(, spotting; antennal segment 1, thoracic pleu- 2& (UCR). Chihuahua: Meoqui, May 30, ron and venter, and all coxae, trochanters, 1964, L. A. Kelton, Chenopodium sp. and femora deep red or with reddish spots; (Chenopodiaceae), 12(,58& (CNC). Sina- eyes usually reddish; abdomen pale, usually loa: 10 mi N of Los Mochis, April 23, 1977, greenish; antennal segments 2, 3, and 4 pale; Hanson and Davis, 1& (USU). 13 mi N of tibiae pale with dark spots at bases of pale Los Mochis, August 7, 1971, Chemsak and spines (®g. 11). SURFACE AND VESTI- Powell, 1& (UCB). USA. Ð Arizona: TURE: Dorsum smooth, weakly shining, Buckeye Co.: Buckeye, May 7, 1935, H. G. clothed with recumbent, pale, simple setae Johnston, 9(,13& (USNM). Graham Co.: intermixed with silvery, weakly ¯attened se- Thatcher, June 20, 1957, E. J. Taylor, 1( tae. STRUCTURE: Relatively stout; labium (UCD). Maricopa Co.: Gila Bend, 260 m, just reaching onto middle trochanters; claws March 26, 1981, A. F. Guenther, 1( relatively long and slender, smoothly curv- (AMNH). Gila Bend, 260 m, R. T. Schuh, ing; pulvilli minute. MALE GENITALIA: 1( (AMNH). Woolsey Wash near Painted Vesica S-shaped, apex attenuated, sclero- Rock Dam, 205 m, May 9, 1978, R. T. tized; gonopore subapical, sclerotized; no Schuh and A. F. Guenther, Salsola sp. gonopore sclerite (®g. 16). (Chenopodiaceae), 16(,30& (AMNH). Female: Total length 2.50±2.63, length Mohave Co.: Bullhead City, August 19, apex clypeus±cuneal fracture 1.75±1.89, 1974, L. A. Lacey, 1& (UCR). Pima Co.: width across pronotum 0.91±0.96; ovoid (®g. Tucson, Santa Cruz River, July 21, 1917, H. 11). H. Knight, 3(,5& (CAS, CNC, USNM). HOSTS: Allenrolfea occidentalis, Atriplex Tucson, Santa Cruz River, July 22, 1917, H. sp., Chenopodium sp., Sarcobatus vermicu- H. Knight, Paratypes: 6(,6& (USNM). latus, S. sp., Suaeda fruticosa, S. torreyana, Tucson, 2400 ft, March 30, 1926, A. A. Ni- Suaeda sp. (Chenopodiaceae). Probable sit- chol, 1(,1& (USNM). Tucson, Dondia suf- ting records: Dondia nigra, D. suffrutescens frutescens (Apiaceae), 2& (UCR). Quitoba- AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_45 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

2000 SCHUH: REVISION OF MEGALOPSALLUS 45

quito, Organ Pipe Cactus National Mon., 1& (UAZ). Delta, July 20, 1898, P. R. Uhler April 3, 1966, L. and C. W. O'Brien, 4(, Collection, 1( (USNM). Gar®eld Co.: Ri- 1& (UCB). Pinal Co.: Coolidge, April 9, ¯e, August 25, 1968, L. A. Kelton, 1(,8& 1942, L. L. Stitt, 1( (USNM). Yuma Co.: (CNC). Mesa Co.: Grand Junction, July 27, Dome, April 6, 1978, J. D. Pinto, 4(,4& 1900, 3(,4& (CAS). Grand Junction, July (UCR). California: Alameda Co.: Niles 28, 1900, 2& (USNM). Nevada: Clark Co.: Canyon, July 15, 1917, E. P. Van Duzee, Las Vegas, April 27, 1931, E.W. Davis, 2& 1(,1& (CAS). Imperial Co.: Pothole, April (USNM). Overton, September 19, 1929, D. 12, 1923, E. P. Van Duzee, Lycium ander- E. Fox, Dondia nigra (Apiaceae), 1& sonii (Solanaceae), 1( (USNM). 1 mi E of (USNM). Pershing Co.: Woolsey RR Sta- Coyote Wells, April 23, 1980, M. D. tion, June 6, 1973, T. R. Haig, 1( (CAFA). Schwartz, Suaeda sp. (Chenopodiaceae), Washoe Co.: 38 mi S of Gerlach, June 17, 1(,7& (AMNH). 15 mi NW of Westmor- 1966, W. Gagne, 2& (CNC, USNM). New land, January 8, 1977, J. D. Pinto, 3(,3& Mexico: Chaves Co.: Roswell, Pecos River, (UCR). 3 mi S of Palo Verde, April 8, 1963, July 22, 1967, L. A. Kelton, 2& (CNC). D. E. Bright, 3(,11& (UCB). Brawley, Dona Ana Co.: Mesilla Park, July 12, 1917, March 18, 1964, R. A. Flock, Suaeda fru- H. H. Knight, Paratypes: 1(,1& (USNM). ticosa (Chenopodiaceae), 2( (USNM). Eddy Co.: Carslbad, May 30, 1979, T. P. Coachella, May 13, 1917, E. P. Van Duzee, Friedlander, 1& (TAMU). June 19, 1979, D. 1( (USNM). Potholes, April 12, 1923, E. P. R. Dolorme and H. L. Corrola, 4& (TAMU). Van Duzee, 4(,2& (CAS). Coachella, May Hidalgo Co.: Lordsburg, July 13, 1917, H. 13, 1917, E. P. Van Duzee, Paratypes: 1(, H. Knight, 1& (USNM). Oregon: Harney 3& (CAS). Inyo Co.: 1 mi NW of Keeler, Co.: T36S R35E, July 3, 1979, Lightfoot May 11, 1969, J.D. Haddock, 2(,9& and Cobb, 2& (OSU). Texas: ?? Co.: Cedar (UCB). Argus Mts, April 1, 1891, Koebele, Lake, August 9, 1928, J. G. Shaw, 1( (KU). 1& (USNM). Death Valley Natl. Mon., Fur- Cameron Co.: Big Bend Natl. Park, Santa nace Creek Wash, March 26, 1982, L. Rus- Elena, 2200 ft, March 21, 1959, Howden sell, 2(,6& (AMNH). Death Valley Natl. and Becker, 15(,7& (CNC). Brownsville, Mon., Stovepipe Wells Dunes, sea level, May 10, 1930, R. L. McGarr, 2(,7& March 24, 1982, L. Russell, 8(,11& (USNM). El Paso Co.: El Paso, July 23, (AMNH). Death Valley, 2( (USNM). Eu- 1914, J. C. Bradley, Paratypes: 2(, reka Valley, 0.5 mi W of Dunes, May 4, (USNM). Hidalgo Co.: Bentsen-Rio Grande 1977, J. D. Pinto, Salsola sp. (Chenopodi- Valley St. Pk, April 21, 1984, L. G. and T. aceae), 4(,5& (UCR). Orange Co.: Santa P. Friedlander, 1( (TAMU). Texas Experi- Ana, June 10, 1936, C. E. Norland, 1& ment Station, May 20, 1930, J. C. Gaines, (LACM). Riverside Co.: Willis Palms Oasis, 1& (USNM). Presidio Co.: Presidio, May 9, Thousand Palms, April 4, 1955, W. R. Rich- 1954, 6(,2& (USNM). Presidio, September ards, Atriplex sp. (Chenopodiaceae), 19(, 28, 1929, W. L. Owens, 7(,8& (USNM). 8& (CNC). Thousand Palms, April 23, Walker Co.: Loma, December 11, 1910, 1& 1955, W. R. Richards, 4& (CNC). San Ber- (USNM). Utah: Emory Co.: 2 mi N of I-70 nardino Co.: Rabbit Dry Lake, 2 mi W of on Rt. 6, August 12, 1987, D. A. Rider, 8(, Lucerne Valley, 935 m, May 13, 1978, R. T. 12& (DAR). Grand Co.: Colorado River Schuh and J. D. Pinto, Salsola sp. (Cheno- Canyon near Fischer Towers, 4000 ft, May podiaceae), 1(,10& (AMNH). Baker, 920 27, 1978, D. A. and J. T. Polhemus, 1& ft, April 5, 1966, R. O. Schuster, 2& (UCD). (JTP). East of Moab, Colorado River Needles, December 17, 1921, J. A. Kusche, Bridge, May 26, 1979, J. T. and D. A. Pol- 3( (CAS). San Diego Co.: Anza-Borrego hemus, 17(,13& (JTP). Uintah Co.: 5±10 State Park, Vallecito Canyon, April 23, mi SW of Bonanza, 5000±5600 ft, June 8, 1980, M. D. Schwartz, Haplopappus acra- 1982, M. D. Schwartz, Sarcobatus vermi- denius (Asteraceae), 2(,18& (AMNH). N culatus (Chenopodiaceae), 1& (AMNH). end of Borego-Clark Lake, March 25, 1978, Washington Co.: St. George, 2800 ft, May Wasbauer et al., 2& (CAFA). Colorado: 24, 1981, M. D. Schwartz, Suaeda torrey- Delta Co.: Delta, July 20, 1898, E. D. Ball, ana (Chenopodiaceae), 24(,78& (AMNH). AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_46 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

46 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 3305

Fig. 19. Megalopsallus punctatus, female, scanning micrographs. A. Lateral view of head and tho- rax. B. Mesothoracic spiracle and metathoracic scent gland evaporatory area. C. Detail of setae com- prising dorsal vestiture. D. Lateral view of pretarsus.

Megalopsallus punctatus, brown spots; tibial spines pale with small new name, new combination dark bases (®g. 11). SURFACE AND VES- Figures 11, 16, 19 TITURE: Dorsum smooth, very weakly shin- Psallus atriplicis Knight, 1968: 48 (n. sp.) (a ju- ing, clothed with pale, reclining, simple setae nior secondary homonym of Megalopsallus intermixed with silvery, shining, weakly ¯at- atriplicis Knight, 1927). tened setae (®g. 19C). STRUCTURE: Hem- elytra relatively elongate, nearly parallel-sid- DIAGNOSIS: Unique among Megalopsallus species by virtue of having tiny brown spots ed (®g. 11); labium reaching to between mid- covering most of the whitish dorsum (®g. dle and hind coxae; claws elongate and 11). Most similar in size, general appearance, smoothly curving; pulvilli minute (®g. 19D). and coloration to Oncotylus guttulatus Uhler. MALE GENITALIA: Vesica J-shaped, REDESCRIPTION: Male: Moderately large, weakly twisted, apex very slightly attenuated robust, total length 3.78±4.15, length apex past gonopore; gonopore sclerotized; no gon- clypeus±cuneal fracture 2.47±2.70, width opore sclerite (®g. 16). across pronotum 1.16±1.27. COLORATION: Female: Total length 3.16±3.29, length Entire body and appendages cream colored, apex clypeus±cuneal fracture 2.27±2.40, including eyes, with a slight tinge of green, width across pronotum 1.19±1.28; relatively dorsum with small brown spots at the bases heavy-bodied, ovoid, not so elongate as male of simple setae; femora with some small (®g. 11). AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_47 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

2000 SCHUH: REVISION OF MEGALOPSALLUS 47

ETYMOLOGY: From the Latin, punctum, pale green coloration, including appendages, hole or spot, for the brown spots at the bases white eyes, and pale brown spots on femora of the setae on the dorsum. (®g. 11). Distinguished most easily from par- HOST: Atriplex canescens, A. sp. (Cheno- apunctipes by lack of infuscation on thoracic podiaceae). sternum and form of male genitalia (®g. 16), DISTRIBUTION: Southwestern United States and from sarcobati by larger size and broad- from southern Nevada, Arizona and east to er head of that species as well as form of western Texas. male genitalia. Similar in size and general DISCUSSION: Knight (1968) described Psal- appearance to sparsus, but eyes almost al- lus atriplicis as occurring on Atriplex at the ways black in sparsus; also sparsus usually Nevada Test Site. Examination of the male with some dark areas on head, pronotum, and genitalia indicates clearly that this is not a femora. Distinguished from schwartzi by that Psallus species but rather belongs to Megal- species having red eyes and lacking spots on opsallus, even though it is somewhat unusual femora. because of the spotting on the dorsum. The REDESCRIPTION: Male: Medium sized, total name atriplicis Knight becomes a junior sec- length 2.91±4.12, length apex clypeus±cu- ondary homonym upon transfer of this spe- neal fracture 1.93±3.16, width across prono- cies to Megalopsallus, and I therefore pro- tum 0.92±0.99. COLORATION: Entire body pose the new name punctatus. and appendages pale, greenish white; femora SPECIMENS EXAMINED: USA. Ð Arizona: with scattered small brown spots (®g. 11); Cochise Co.: Portal, 1500 m, June 15, 1980, tibial spines pale with small brown bases. R. T. Schuh and K. Schmidt, Atriplex sp. SURFACE AND VESTITURE: Dorsum (Chenopodiaceae), 3& (AMNH). Coconino smooth, weakly shining, clothed with reclin- Co.: Rt. 64 just SE of Grand Canyon Natl. ing, brown, simple setae and silvery woolly Park, June 26, 1980, K. & R. Schmidt, Atri- setae (®g. 20C). STRUCTURE: Moderately plex canescens (Chenopodiaceae), 3( elongate, corial margins weakly convex (®g. (AMNH). Nevada: Lyon Co.: North bound- 11); labium short, reaching point midway be- ary Toiyabe Nat Forest on Hiway 22, 5700 tween fore and middle trochanters; claws ft, July 11, 1980, G. M. Stonedahl, 7(,6& elongate and curving; pulvilli small, cover- (AMNH). Nye Co.: Atomic Test Site, 16M, ing about one-half of ventral claw surface July 24, 1965, H. H. Knight and J. Merino, (®g. 20D). MALE GENITALIA: Vesica in Atriplex canescens (Chenopodiaceae), 2& the form of a J, not twisted, apex membra- (USNM). New Mexico: Dona Ana Co.: 9mi nous; gonopore small, conspicuously subapi- W of Santa Teresa, May 8, 1999, J. C. cal; no gonopore sclerite (®g. 16). Schaffner, 5& (TAMU). Texas: Culberson Female: Total length 2.52±2.79, length Co.: 2 mi W of Kent on I-10, 1550 m, April apex clypeus±cuneal fracture 1.78±1.98, 27, 1978, R. T. Schuh and T. J. Henry, Atri- width across pronotum 0.91±1.06; ovoid (®g. plex sp. (Chenopodiaceae), 1& (AMNH). 38 11). mi N of Van Horn, 1220 m, April 28, 1978, HOSTS: Atriplex canescens, A. confertifol- R. T. Schuh, Atriplex sp. (Chenopodiaceae), ia, A. sp. (Chenopodiaceae). 4(,7& (AMNH). Van Horn, 1440 m, April DISTRIBUTION: Interior western North 28, 1978, R. T. Schuh and T. J. Henry, Atri- America from northern Mexico north to plex sp. (Chenopodiaceae), 14(,16& Oregon and east to western Texas. (AMNH). SPECIMENS EXAMINED: MEXICO. Ð Baja California Norte: El Crucero, April 4, 1976, Megalopsallus punctipes (Knight) P. Rude, Atriplex sp. (Chenopodiaceae), 7( Figures 11, 16, 20 (UCB). USA. Ð Arizona: Graham Co.: 30 mi SE of Globe on Rt. 70, 3200 ft, May 31, Europiella punctipes Knight, 1968: 47 (n. sp.). 1983, R. T. Schuh and G. M. Stonedahl, Atri- Megalopsallus punctipes: Schuh et al., 1995: 389 plex sp. (Chenopodiaceae), 4(,5& (n. comb.). (AMNH). California: Imperial Co.: 1miE DIAGNOSIS: Recognized, in common with of Coyote Wells, E of intersection of Rts 580 parapunctipes and sarcobati, by generally & I-8, April 23, 1980, M. D. Schwartz and AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_48 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

48 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 3305

Fig. 20. Megalopsallus punctipes, female, scanning micrographs. A. Lateral view of head and thorax. B. Mesothoracic spiracle and metathoracic scent gland evaporatory area. C. Detail of setae comprising dorsal vestiture. D. Lateral view of pretarsus.

L. Russell, Atriplex sp. (Chenopodiaceae), podiaceae), 8(,15& (AMNH). Nevada: 1(,5& (AMNH). Imperial near RR tracks Clark Co.: 7 mi S of Boulder City, 530 m, on Rt. 580, 42 ft, April 23, 1980, M. D. May 17, 1978, R. T. Schuh, Atriplex sp. Schwartz and L. Russell, Atriplex sp. (Chen- (Chenopodiaceae), 1( (AMNH). Esmeralda opodiaceae), 24(,27& (AMNH). Inyo Co.: Co.: 13 mi W of Lida on Rt. 3, 1938 m, July 2 mi E of Westgard Pass Summit, White Mts, 12, 1980, R. T. Schuh and G. M. Stonedahl, 2125 m, July 2, 1980, R. T. Schuh, Atriplex Atriplex sp. (Chenopodiaceae), 5& (AMNH). sp. (Chenopodiaceae), 2(,16& (AMNH). 10 Nye Co.: Mercury, 410M(TB), July 21, mi NE of Bishop, June 21, 1978, J. D. Pinto, 1965, E. Beck and J. Merino, Paratypes: 1( Atriplex sp. (Chenopodiaceae), 1(,4& (USNM). 5.5 mi S of Belmont on Rt. 82, (UCR). Riverside Co.: 5 mi E of Mecca, Box 2031 m, July 13, 1980, R. T. Schuh and G. Canyon Wash, April 6, 1979, J. D. Pinto, M. Stonedahl, Atriplex sp. (Chenopodi- Atriplex sp. (Chenopodiaceae), 3(,4& aceae), 1& (AMNH). Mercury, CM, June 13, (UCR). San Bernardino Co.: Rabbit Dry 1965, D. E. Beck and H. Knight, Atriplex Lake, 2 mi W of Lucerne Valley, 935 m, canescens (Chenopodiaceae), Paratypes: 2( May 13, 1978, R. T. Schuh and J. D. Pinto, (USNM). Rock V. on Jackass Flats Road, Atriplex sp. (Chenopodiaceae), 1(,7& 3300 ft, June 6, 1983, Schuh, Schwartz, Sto- (AMNH, UCR). San Diego Co.: Anza-Bor- nedahl, Atriplex canescens (Chenopodi- rego State Park, Vallecito Canyon, April 23, aceae), 4(,13& (AMNH). Mercury, 18m, 1980, M. D. Schwartz, Atriplex sp. (Cheno- July 7, 1965, E. Beck and J. Merino, Atriplex AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_49 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

2000 SCHUH: REVISION OF MEGALOPSALLUS 49

canescens (Chenopodiaceae), Paratypes: 4( Megalopsallus rubricornis (Knight) (USNM, CNC). 6.8 mi SE of Mercury on Figures 11, 16 Orange Blossom Road, Atomic Test Site, Europiella rubricornis Knight, 1968: 39 (n. sp.). 4000 ft, June 8, 1983, Schuh, Schwartz, Sto- Megalopsallus rubricornis: Schuh et al., 1995: nedahl, Atriplex canescens (Chenopodi- 389 (n. comb.). aceae), 1(,4& (AMNH). Atomic Test Site, Mercury Hwy at Angle Rd, 3800 ft, June 8, DIAGNOSIS: Recognized by dark reddish 1983, Schuh, Schwartz, and Stonedahl, Atri- head, pronotum, scutellum (at least mesos- plex canescens (Chenopodiaceae), 4(,5& cutum), and femora contrasting with gener- (AMNH). Mercury, 18m, June 23, 1965, H. ally pale hemelytra (except at extreme base) Knight and J. Merino, Atriplex canescens (®g. 11); antennal segments 1 and 2 gener- (Chenopodiaceae), Paratypes: 1( (USNM). ally distinctly reddish. Most easily confused New Mexico: Dona Ana Co.: 20 mi N of with Lycium feeding nicholi, but that species Las Cruces, 1280 m, April 30, 1978, R. T. always with cuneus at least weakly darkened. Schuh, Atriplex sp. (Chenopodiaceae), 1& REDESCRIPTION: Male: Small to medium (AMNH). E of Las Cruces, base of Organ sized, total length 2.75±3.55, length apex Mts, 1600 m, R. T. Schuh and J. Zimmer- clypeus±cuneal fracture 1.88±2.27, width man, Atriplex sp. (Chenopodiaceae), 1(,1& across pronotum 0.92±1.05. COLORATION: (AMNH). Las Cruces, 1220 m, April 30, Head, pronotum, anterior portion of scutel- 1978, R. T. Schuh and J. Zimmerman, Atri- lum, and under surface of thorax very deep plex sp. (Chenopodiaceae), 1(,2& red; extreme base of hemelytra (usually), an- (AMNH). Oregon: Harney Co.: T34S R35E tennal segments 1 and 2, coxae, trochanters, Sec 10 NE, June 22, 1979, Neil Cobb, Atri- and femora usually reddish (®g. 11); anten- plex canescens (Chenopodiaceae), 1( nae usually red, sometimes pale; most of (AMNH). Texas: Culberson Co.: 38 mi N of hemelytra white; antennal segments 3 and 4 Van Horn, 1220 m, April 28, 1978, R. T. pale; abdomen pale green; eyes dark reddish to black; tibial spines black with reddish ba- Schuh, Atriplex sp. (Chenopodiaceae), 2& ses. SURFACE AND VESTITURE: Dorsum (AMNH). Van Horn, 1440 m, April 28, smooth, moderately polished and shining, 1978, R. T. Schuh, Atriplex sp. (Chenopodi- clothed with pale, recumbent, simple setae aceae), 1& (AMNH). Utah: Emery Co.: 2.5 intermixed with silvery, shining, weakly ¯at- mi W of Rt 24 on Goblin Valley Road, 5500 tened setae. STRUCTURE: Hemelytra mod- ft, June 19, 1983, R. T. Schuh and M. D. erately elongate, corial margins very weakly Schwartz, Atriplex canescens (Chenopodi- convex (®g. 11); labium reaching to posterior aceae), 6(,1& (AMNH). Gar®eld Co.: 14.3 margin of middle trochanters; claws relative- mi S of Rt. 95 on Rt. 276, 5000 ft, June 19, ly short and stout, curving only near apex; 1983, R. T. Schuh and M. D. Schwartz, 36(, pulvilli relatively large, reaching to near apex 3& (AMNH). Grand Co.: 11 mi SE of jct. of claw, free from claw except at base. Rts 313 & 163 toward Dead Horse Point, MALE GENITALIA: Vesica S-shaped, apex 5200 ft, June 11, 1982, M. D. Schwartz, Atri- membranous and projecting beyond gono- plex canescens (Chenopodiaceae), 23(,6& pore ventrally; gonopore distinctly sclero- (AMNH). Millard Co.: Longridge Reservoir tized; gonopore sclerite well developed (®g. Cutoff on Rt. 50/6, 4500 ft, May 19, 1982, 16). M. D. Schwartz, Atriplex confertifolia Female: Total length 2.33±2.86, length (Chenopodiaceae), 8(,7& (AMNH). San apex clypeus±cuneal fracture 1.78±2.05, Juan Co.: 3 mi SE of Rt. 263 on Clay Hills width across pronotum 0.89±1.06; body very Crossing Rd, 4700 ft, June 18, 1983, R. T. short and stout, ovoid (®g. 11); antennal seg- Schuh and M. D. Schwartz, Atriplex canes- ment 2 varying from slender to spindle- cens (Chenopodiaceae), 1(,3& (AMNH). shaped, depending on population (®g. 11). 7.7 mi N of Mexican Hat on Rt. 261, 5000 HOSTS: Sarcobatus vermiculatus, S. sp. ft, June 17, 1983, R. T. Schuh and M. D. (Chenopodiaceae). Schwartz, Atriplex canescens (Chenopodi- DISTRIBUTION: Southern Oregon south to aceae), 1(,3& (AMNH). Arizona and east to Utah. AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_50 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

50 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 3305

SPECIMENS EXAMINED: USA. Ð Arizona: 1931, Nottingham, 1& (KU). Harney Co.: Gila Co.: Salt River Mts., 1300 ft, May 9, Malheur Wildlife Refuge, 10 mi S of head- 1926, A. A. Nichol, 1& (USNM). Califor- quarters, July 12, 1968, P. Oman, 1( (OSU). nia: Inyo Co.: 1 mi NW of Keeler, May 11, T36S R35E, July 3, 1979, Smith and Cobb, 1969, J. Doyen, 2(,6& (UCB). Owens Lake 2( (OSU). Union Co.: La Grande, June 26, Sand Dunes, May 17, 1978, Guiliani, 3(,3& 1926, E. W. Davis, 1& (USNM); 1& (CAFA). 2 mi E of Big Pine, June 22, 1978, (USNM). Utah: Cache Co.: Benson, June J. D. Pinto, Sarcobatus sp. (Chenopodi- 28, 1932, Knowlton and Stains, 1& (USNM). aceae), 2& (UCR). Lassen Co.: Litch®eld, Millard Co.: White Valley, June 8, 1940, R. June 22, 1937, B. P. Bliven, 2(,1& (CAS). W. Fautin, 1& (USNM). Sevier Co.: Monroe, Mono Co.: 1 mi S of Bridgeport, July 9, July 25, 1900, 1& (USNM). Rich®eld, Au- 1973, J. D. Pinto, Sarcobatus sp. (Cheno- gust 15, 1929, Paratypes: 4( (USNM). Rich- podiaceae), 1(,1& (UCR). 8 mi W of Ne- ®eld, July 15, 1929, E. W. Davis, Paratypes: vada state line on Rt. 359, 6700 ft, July 3, 4( (USNM). 1983, R. T. Schuh and M. D. Schwartz, Sar- cobatus vermiculatus (Chenopodiaceae), Megalopsallus rubropictipes Knight 64(, 113& (AMNH). San Bernardino Co.: Figures 12, 16 1.3 mi S of Goffs, 845 m, May 16, 1978, R. T. Schuh, 1( (AMNH). Siskiyou Co.: 5mi Megalopsallus rubropictipes Knight, 1927: 225 (n. sp.). S of Merrill, Oregon, 4060 ft, June 26, 1979, M. D. Schwartz, G. M. Stonedahl, Sarcoba- DIAGNOSIS: Recognized by relatively large tus vermiculatus (Chenopodiaceae), 34(, size, pale green coloration, red eyes, and red- 29& (AMNH). East side of Lower Klamath dish femora (®g. 12). Similar to nuperus in Lake, 1270 m, June 26, 1979, R. T. and Joe general appearance and lack of strong sexual Schuh, Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Chenopo- dimorphism (except in some populations of diaceae), 38(,45& (AMNH). Nevada: rubropictipes), but distinguished from that Clark Co.: 5.8 mi W of Valley of Fire State species by consistently more greenish color- Park, 845 m, May 17, 1978, R. T. Schuh, 1( ation. (AMNH). Elko Co.: Utah state line on Utah REDESCRIPTION: Male: Medium sized, total Rt. 30, 4760 ft, June 25, 1983, R. T. Schuh length 3.36±3.62, length apex clypeus±cu- and M. D. Schwartz, Sarcobatus vermicula- neal fracture 2.31±2.47, width across prono- tus (Chenopodiaceae), 11(,12& (AMNH). tum 1.03±1.11. COLORATION: General col- Humboldt Co.: Winnemucca, June 1, 1968, oration greenish white, femora usually with T. R. Haig, 1( (CAS). Lander Co.: 11 mi S some distinct reddish areas, in the form of of Rt. 50 on Rt. 376, 5800 ft, June 28, 1983, spots or suffusion; eyes red (®g. 12); tibial R. T. Schuh and M. D. Schwartz, Sarcobatus spines pale, bases of spines often pale, at vermiculatus (Chenopodiaceae), 19(,41& most pale brown. SURFACE AND VESTI- (AMNH). Lyon Co.: 7 mi N of Sweetwater TURE: Dorsum smooth, pronotum and scu- Summit on Rt. 22, Toiyabe Natl. Forest, tellum weakly shining, hemelytra dull; dor- 1856 m, July 11, 1980, R. T. Schuh and G. sum clothed with pale or brown recumbent M. Stonedahl, Sarcobatus vermiculatus setae intermixed with silvery, woolly setae. (Chenopodiaceae), 22(,25& (AMNH). Nye STRUCTURE: Moderately elongate, costal Co.: 28 mi N of Belmont on Rt. 82, 2113 m, margin of hemelytra weakly convex (®g. 12); July 13, 1980, R. T. Schuh and G. M. Sto- labium reaching at least onto hind trochan- nedahl, Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Chenopo- ters, sometimes slightly beyond; claws long, diaceae), 9(,16& (AMNH). Washoe Co.: 2 smoothly curving; pulvilli minute. MALE mi N of Vya on Rt. 8A, 1750 m, July 2, GENITALIA: Vesica S-shaped, apex atten- 1979, R. T. Schuh and B. M. Massie, Sar- uated and sclerotized, general structure very cobatus vermiculatus (Chenopodiaceae), similar to nuperus; gonopore sclerotized and 10(,4& (AMNH). Nixon, June 30, 1927, E. subapical; no gonopore sclerite (®g. 16). P. Van Duzee, 1( (CAS). Pyramid Lake, Female: Total length 2.50±3.41, length June 27, 1972, R. A. Belmont, 1& (UCD). apex clypeus±cuneal fracture 2.14±2.45, Oregon: Baker Co.: Anthony Lake, July 11, width across pronotum 0.98±1.16; usually AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_51 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

2000 SCHUH: REVISION OF MEGALOPSALLUS 51

macropterous and slightly more robust than ner, 3(,8& (TAMU). Cortez, July 19, 1968, male, sometimes brachypterous, with hem- L. A. Kelton, Salicornia sp. (Chenopodi- elytra greatly shortened with apex of abdo- aceae), 2(,17& (CNC). Otero Co.: Rocky men projecting beyond posterior margin of Ford, September 4, 1898, Paratypes: 1( reduced membrane (®g. 12). (USNM). Pueblo Co.: Pueblo, September 15, HOSTS: Atriplex confertifolia, A. sp., Sali- 1898, 1( (USNM). Montana: Yellowstone cornia sp., Suaeda erecta, S. sp. (Chenopo- Co.: Billings, August 4, 1927, H. H. Knight, diaceae). 1(,1& (CNC). Nevada: Elko Co.: Elko, July DISTRIBUTION: Interior western North 12, 1965, H. H. Knight, 1( (CNC). Eureka America from Alberta and Saskatchewan Co.: 12 mi N of Rt. 50 on Rt 278, 5800 ft, south to New Mexico and west to Oregon. June 27, 1983, R. T. Schuh and M. D. DISCUSSION: Some populations of rubro- Schwartz, Atriplex confertifolia (Chenopodi- pictipes show strong sexual dimorphism. The aceae), 8& (AMNH). Lincoln Co.: Cathedral females have short hemelytra that barely Gorge State Park, June 17, 1986, J.B. Knight cover the abdomen, which accounts for the and K.R. Helms, 1(,1& (AMNH). Nye Co.: great variation in total length between the 2.5 mi NE of Gabbs off Rt. 844, Ri¯e Range, sexes. 4800 ft, July 2, 1983, R. T. Schuh and M. D. SPECIMENS EXAMINED: CANADA. Ð Al- Schwartz, 16(,3& (AMNH). Pershing Co.: berta: 1-4, July 17, 1952, A. R. Brooks, Woolsey RR Station, June 5, 1973, T. R. Haig, Suaeda erecta (Chenopodiaceae), 4( (CNC). 2& (CAFA). New Mexico: Chaves Co.: Ro- Castor, August 7, 1957, A. R. and J. E. swell, Pecos River, July 21, 1967, L. A. Kel- Brooks, Atriplex sp. (Chenopodiaceae), 5(, ton, 2(,4& (CNC). Roswell, Bottomless 3& (CNC). Drumheller, August 11, 1957, A. Lakes, July 21, 1967, L. A. Kelton, 7(,7& R. and J. E. Brooks, 5(,6& (CNC). Irvine, (CNC). Eddy Co.: 32Њ21.4ЈN 103Њ46.9ЈW June 11, 1952, A. R. Brooks and L. A. Kon- (Campsite), May 29, 1979, D. R. Dolorme otopetz, 2& (CNC). Saskatchewan: Minton, and H. L. Corolla, 12(,10& (TAMU). Carls- August 11, 1955, A. R. Brooks, 1(,1& bad, May 29, 1979, T. P. Friedlander, 4( (CNC). Val Marie, A. R. Brooks, 1(,2& (TAMU). July 26, 1979, D. R. Dolorme and (CNC). Elbow, August 17, 1951, A. R. C. P. McHugh, 1& (TAMU). San Juan Co.: Brooks, Suaeda sp. (Chenopodiaceae), 5(, Chaco Canyon Natl. Mon., August 9, 1932, 3& (CNC). Wood Mountain, August 5, 1955, S. E. Wood, 2( (LACM). Santa Fe Co.: 8 A. R. Brooks, 8(,11& (CNC). USA. Ð Ar- mi E of Los Alamos, July 4, 1982, D. A. and J. T. Polhemus, 1(,1& (JTP). Oregon: Har- izona: Cochise Co.: 3 mi SW of Portal, Au- ney Co.: T34S R35E, August 27, 1979, Smith gust 25, 1987, D. A. Rider, 3( (DAR). 6 mi and Cobb, 1( (OSU). Utah: Box Elder Co.: SE of Wilcox, July 28, 1952, M. Cazier, R. Snowville, July 29, 1971, G. F. Knowlton, Schrammel, 1& (AMNH). Douglas, August 1(,3& (USU). Cedar Hill, August 17, 1972, 25, 1968, 1( (AMNH). Fairbanks, San Pedro G. F. Knowlton, 1( (USU). S. Validation Site, River, September 6, 1927, J. A. Kusche, 3( August 17, 1972±August 24, 1972, Hanson (CAS). Huachuca Mts, 5354 Ash Canyon and Knowlton, 25(,16& (USU). Cache Co.: Road. 0.5 mi W of Hwy 92, 5100 ft, October Logan, August 19, 1939, G. F. Knowlton, 2( 18, 1992, N. McFarland, 16(,3& (USNM). (USU). Millard Co.: Delta, June 16, 1968, G. Santa Cruz Co.: Patagonia, on Sonoita Creek, F. Knowlton, 1( (USU). Sevier Co.: Rich- October 14, 1927, J. A. Kusche, 1(,1& ®eld, July 15, 1929±September 20, 1927, E. (CAS). Colorado: Delta Co.: Delta, July 20, W. Davis, 2(,6& (USNM). Rich®eld, July 8, 1898, P.R. Uhler Collection, 1& (USNM). 1930, 1(,1& (USNM). Weber Co.: Slater- Fremont Co.: Florence August 17, 1925, H. ville, July 12, 1967, Knowlton and Frank, 4(, H. Knight, Paratype: 1( (CNC). Gar®eld 2& (OSU). Co.: Ri¯e, August 25, 1968, L. A. Kelton, 10(,50& (CNC, AMNH). Las Animas Co.: Megalopsallus sarcobati (Knight) Delhi, August 6, 1925, H. H. Knight, 1( Figures 12, 16, 21 (USNM). Trinidad, September 12, 1898, Par- Europiella sarcobati Knight, 1969: 83 (n. sp.). atypes: 1(,1& (USNM). Montezuma Co.: 4 Megalopsallus sarcobati: Schuh et al., 1995: 389 mi E of Cortez, August 16, 1973, J. C. Schaff- (n. comb.). AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_52 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

52 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 3305

Europiella multipunctipes Knight, 1970: 229 (n. must be an Atriplex.'' All veri®ed host re- sp.). NEW SYNONYMY. cords for this species are from Sarcobatus, Megalopsallus multipunctipes: Schuh et al., 1995: Knight's observation apparently being in er- 389 (n. comb.). ror. The single record from S. baileyi is the DIAGNOSIS: Recognized, in common with exception among the many known occur- parapunctipes and punctipes, by generally ences on S. vermiculatus. pale green coloration, including appendages, SPECIMENS EXAMINED: USA. Ð Arizona: white eyes, and pale brown spots on the fem- Coconino Co.: 1 mi E of Tuba City on Rt. ora, but differing from both species in lack 163, 5000 ft, June 16, 1983, R. T. Schuh and of distinct sexual dimorphism, larger size, M. D. Schwartz, Sarcobatus vermiculatus broader head (®g. 12), distinctive differences (Chenopodiaceae), 1(,9& (AMNH). Red in structure of male genitalia (®g. 16), and Lake on Rt. 160, June 26, 1980, K. & R. host preferences. Schmidt, Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Cheno- REDESCRIPTION: Male: Moderately small, podiaceae), 6(,17& (AMNH). California: broad-bodied, total length 3.04±3.26, length Inyo Co.: 1 mi NW of Keeler, May 11, 1969, apex clypeus±cuneal fracture 2.05±2.22, J. D. Haddock, 4(,12& (UCB). 2 mi E of width across pronotum 1.01±1.08. COLOR- Big Pine, June 3, 1975, J. D. Pinto, 4& ATION: Pale green (often dirty yellow in (UCR). Modoc Co.: ca. 4 mi E of Cedarville, poorly preserved specimens); eyes pale (®g. 1440 m, July 2, 1979, R. T. Schuh and B. 12); femora with numerous small brown Massie, Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Chenopo- spots; tibial spines pale with brown bases. diaceae), 3& (AMNH). Mono Co.: 1.3 mi N SURFACE AND VESTITURE: Dorsum of Oasis, Fish Lake Valley, June 10, 1976, J. smooth, weakly shining, clothed with pale or D. Pinto, 1(,3& (UCR). 8 mi W of Nevada light brown setae intermixed with silvery, state line on Rt. 359, 6700 ft, July 2, 1983, slightly ¯attened setae (®g. 21C). STRUC- R. T. Schuh and M. D. Schwartz, Sarcobatus TURE: Relatively broad bodied and ovoid; vermiculatus (Chenopodiaceae), 9(,15& head short and broad, eyes relatively small (AMNH). Siskiyou Co.: 5 mi S of Merrill, (®g. 12); labium reaching to about posterior Oregon, 4060 ft, June 26, 1979, M. D. margin of middle trochanters; claws elon- Schwartz and G. M. Stonedahl, Sarcobatus gate, nearly straight over two-thirds of vermiculatus (Chenopodiaceae), 30(,37& length, curving apically; pulvilli moderately (AMNH). Dorris, July 1, 1935, R. H. Bea- large, covering about two-thirds of ventral mer, 2( (KU). East side of Lower Klamath claw surface (®g. 21D). MALE GENITA- Lake, 1270 m, June 29, 1979, R. T. and Joe LIA: Vesica S-shaped, sclerotized and atten- Schuh, Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Chenopo- uated apically, gonopore subapical; gonopore diaceae), 34(,64& (AMNH). Colorado: sclerite well developed (®g. 16). Mesa Co.: E of Palisade, Plateau Creek, June Female: Total length 2.92±3.34, length 6, 1981, J. T. Polhemus, 1( (JTP). Mineral apex clypeus±cuneal fracture 2.13±2.45, Co.: Creede, June 21, 1990, J. T. and D. A. width across pronotum 1.07±1.21; ovoid, of- Polhemus, 1& (JTP). Moffat Co.: Gates of ten dif®cult to separate from male as viewed Lodore, June 28, 1979, D. A. Polhemus, 4(, from above (®g. 12). 16& (JTP). Nevada: Elko Co.: Wells, July HOSTS: Sarcobatus vermiculatus, Sarcob- 12, 1965, H. H. Knight, 4( (USNM). Elko, atus baileyi (Chenopodiaceae). July 12, 1965, H. H. Knight, 13& (USNM). DISTRIBUTION: Interior western North Utah state line on Utah Rt. 30, 4760 ft, June America from southern Washington south to 25, 1983, R. T. Schuh and M. D. Schwartz, southern Nevada and east to Colorado. Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Chenopodiaceae), DISCUSSION: Examination of the material 140(, 140& (AMNH). Esmeralda Co.: 13 upon which Knight (1970) based his original mi W of Lida on Rt. 3, 1938 m, July 13, description of multipunctipes indicates that 1980, R. T. Schuh and G. M. Stonedahl, Sar- this nominal taxon is the same as sarcobati, cobatus vermiculatus (Chenopodiaceae), 3& and I am therefore treating it as a junior syn- (AMNH). Lander Co.: Battle Mt., June 26, onym. Knight noted that his specimens of 1935, R. H. Beamer, 3& (KU). 11 mi S of multipunctipes ``were from a shrub I thought Rt. 50 on Rt. 376, T17N R44E, 5800 ft, June AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_53 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

2000 SCHUH: REVISION OF MEGALOPSALLUS 53

Fig. 21. Megalopsallus sarcobati, male, scanning micrographs. A. Lateral view of head and thorax. B. Mesothoracic spiracle and metathoracic scent gland evaporatory area. C. Detail of setae comprising dorsal vestiture. D. Lateral view of pretarsus.

28, 1983, R. T. Schuh and M. D. Schwartz, sert, T34S R37E, Sec 10, June 20, 1980, Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Chenopodiaceae), Oman, 1& (OSU). Union Co.: La Grande, 20(,50& (AMNH). Lyon Co.: 7miNof June 26, 1926, E. W. Davis, Paratypes: 3(, Sweetwater Summit on Rt. 22, Toiyabe Natl. 5& (USNM). Utah: Millard Co.: White Val- For., 1865 m, July 11, 1980, R. T. Schuh and ley, May 24, 1940, 1& (USNM). Uintah Co.: G.M Stonedahl, Sarcobatus vermiculatus 5±10 mi SW of Bonanza, 5000±5600 ft, June (Chenopodiaceae), 10(,30& (AMNH). Nye 8, 1982, M. D. Schwartz, Sarcobatus ver- Co.: 28 mi N of Belmont on Rt. 82, 2013 m, miculatus (Chenopodiaceae), 12(,17& July 13, 1980, R. T. Schuh and G. M. Sto- (AMNH). Bonanza, White River Shale Pro- nedahl, Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Chenopo- ject, T9S R24E Sec 23, 5000 ft, June 1, diaceae), 10(,14& (AMNH). 35 mi N of 1981, M. D. Schwartz, Sarcobatus vermicu- Tonapah, Coyote Hole Spring/Sevier Reser- latus (Chenopodiaceae), 26(,30& (AMNH). voir, T8 R42E S11 & 23, 6000 ft, June 30, Washington: Yakima Co.: Yakima, June 19, 1983, R. T. Schuh and M. D. Schwartz, Sar- 1932, A. R. Rolfs, Paratypes: 6(,5& cobatus vermiculatus baileyi (Chenopodi- (USNM). aceae), 1(,5& (AMNH). Washoe Co.: 2mi E of Vya on Rt. 8A, 1750 m, July 2, 1979, Megalopsallus schwartzi,, new species R. T. Schuh and B. M. Massie, Sarcobatus Figures 12, 16 vermiculatus (Chenopodiaceae), 18(,17& HOLOTYPE: Male, Nevada: Nye Co., 35 mi. (AMNH). Oregon: Harney Co.: Alvord De- N of Tonopah, Coyote Hole Spg./Sevier AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_54 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

54 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 3305

Resrvr., T8N R42E, S 11 & 23, June 30, cobatus, which would seem to suggest that it 1983, Schuh, Schwartz, Sarcobatus vermi- is preferred over Atriplex as a host. culatus (Hook.) Torr. var. baileyi (Cov.) Jeps. PARATYPES: USA. Ð Arizona: Coconino (Chenopodiaceae). Deposited in the Ameri- Co.: 1 mi E of Tuba City on Rt. 163, 5000 can Museum of Natural History. ft, June 16, 1983, R. T. Schuh and M. D. DIAGNOSIS: Recognized by elongate Schwartz, Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Cheno- slender body form in male, entirely pale podiaceae), 4(,5& (AMNH). California: greenish white coloration, red eyes (®g. 12), Inyo Co.: 2 mi E of Big Pine, June 22, 1978, and lack of brown spots on femora and tib- J. D. Pinto, Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Chen- iae. Commonly collected with atriplicis and opodiaceae), 1(,2& (UCR). Modoc Co.: ca. sarcobati, but distinguished from former by 4 mi E of Cedarville, 1440 m, July 2, 1979, that species having red spots on head and R. T. Schuh and B. Massie, Sarcobatus ver- pronotum and from latter by that species hav- miculatus (Chenopodiaceae), 1(, (AMNH). ing pale eyes, brown spots on femora, and Colorado: Mesa Co.: DeBeque Canyon, more robust body form. July 4, 1980, J. T. and D. A. Polhemus, 2(, DESCRIPTION: Male: Moderate-sized, slen- 6& (JTP). Mineral Co.: Creede, June 21, der, total length 3.46±3.70, length apex clyp- 1990, J. T. and D. A. Polhemus, 1(,2& eus±cuneal fracture 2.26±2.37, width across (JTP). Montrose Co.: 6 mi E of Montrose, pronotum 0.96±1.03. COLORATION: Pale, August 13, 1987, T. J. Henry, Atriplex ca- nearly white, pronotum and scutellum weak- nescens (Chenopodiaceae), 6& (USNM). Rio ly orange, hemelytra weakly greenish; eyes Blanco Co.: W Evacuation Creek, 4 mi SE red or white (®g. 12); tibial spines pale with of state line on Rt. 45, 6400 ft, July 9, 1981, pale bases. SURFACE AND VESTITURE: M. D. Schwartz, Sarcobatus vermiculatus Dorsum smooth, weakly shining, clothed (Chenopodiaceae), 26(,19& (AMNH). with recumbent, pale, simple setae inter- Montana: Carbon Co.: Bear Creek between mixed with scattered, weakly ¯attened, sil- Red Lodge and Belfry, 5000 ft, August 12, very setae. STRUCTURE: Hemelytra con- 1986, Schuh, Schwartz, Stonedahl, Sarcob- spicuously elongate, corial margin nearly atus vermiculatus (Chenopodiaceae), 4(,6& straight; eyes relatively small, not conspicu- (AMNH). Nevada: Esmeralda Co.: 13 mi W ously protuberant (®g. 12); labium reaching of Lida on Rt. 3, 1938 m, July 12, 1980, R. to middle trochanters; claws straight over T. Schuh and G. M. Stonedahl, Sarcobatus most of length, rather sharply curving api- vermiculatus (Chenopodiaceae), 20(,17& cally; pulvilli large, extending three-fourth (AMNH). Lander Co.: 11 mi S of Rt. 50 on length of claw. MALE GENITALIA: Vesica Rt. 376, T17N R44E, 5900 ft, June 28, 1983, in male very weakly twisted, apex acumi- R. T. Schuh and M. D. Schwartz, Sarcobatus nate, secondary gonopore subapical, lacking vermiculatus var. baileyi (Chenopodiaceae), gonopore sclerite (®g. 16). 2( (AMNH). Hickson Petroglyph at Hick- Female: Total length 2.66±2.83, length son Summit on Rt. 50, 6500 ft, July 19, apex clypeus±cuneal fracture 1.90±2.01, 1986, R. T. Schuh, 1( (AMNH). Lincoln width across pronotum 0.92±0.99; body form Co.: Cathedral Gorge State Park, June 17, ovoid, compact (®g. 12). 1986, J. B. Knight and K. R. Helms, 1( ETYMOLOGY: Named for Michael D. (AMNH). Nye Co.: 2.5 mi NE of Gabbs off Schwartz, who collected many of the known Rt. 844, Gabbs Ri¯e Range, 4800 ft, July 2, specimens, and who otherwise contributed 1983, R. T. Schuh and M. D. Schwartz, 164( greatly to the success of this project. (AMNH, USNM). 30 mi S of Rt. 50 on Rt. HOSTS: Sarcobatus vermiculatus, S. baile- 376, T13N R14E, 6000 ft, June 30, 1983, R. yi, S. sp., Atriplex canescens, A. sp. (Chen- T. Schuh and M. D. Schwartz, Sarcobatus opodiaceae). vermiculatus (Chenopodiaceae), 56(,48& DISTRIBUTION: Interior western North (AMNH). 35 mi N of Tonapah, Coyote Hole America from Montana south to New Mex- Spring/Sevier Reservoir, T8 R42E S11 & 23, ico and west to Oregon. 6000 ft, June 30, 1983, R. T. Schuh and M. DISCUSSION: The great majority of the D. Schwartz, Sarcobatus vermiculatus var. many known specimens were taken on Sar- baileyi (Chenopodiaceae), 40(,32& AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_55 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

2000 SCHUH: REVISION OF MEGALOPSALLUS 55

(AMNH). Northumberland Canyon Rd, To- ual dimorphism, general coloration, and host quima Mts, T14N R44E Sec. 31, 6400 ft, associations. Male genitalia distinctive (®g. June 28, 1983, R. T. Schuh and M. D. 16). Schwartz, Sarcobatus vermiculatus var. bail- REDESCRIPTION: Male: Small to moderately eyi (Chenopodiaceae), 9(,16& (AMNH). small, total length 2.74±3.43, length apex Washoe Co.: Nixon, June 29, 1927, E. P. Van clypeus±cuneal fracture 1.76±2.15, width Duzee, 8(,3& (CAS). New Mexico: Socor- across pronotum 0.90±1.04. COLORATION: ro Co.: Socorro, May 2, 1981, D. A. and J. Generally pale greenish or somewhat grayish T. Polhemus, 1( (JTP). Taos Co.: Ojo Cal- (®g. 12); head (including face), anterior mar- iente, June 6, 1982, D. A. and J. T. Polhemus, gin of pronotum, and mesoscutum often Atriplex sp. (Chenopodiaceae), 16(,6& heavily infuscate; more rarely, nearly entire (JTP). Oregon: Harney Co.: T36S R35E S8, head, pronotum, and scutellum dark; hemel- July 3, 1979±July 17, 1979, Sarcobatus ver- ytra occasionally weakly to moderately in- miculatus (Chenopodiaceae), 10(,1& fuscate; femora dark in darker specimens; (OSU). Utah: Box Elder Co.: 5 mi N of Kel- eyes black; antennae always pale; underside ton, June 30, 1969, G. F. Knowlton and W. of thorax and abdomen infuscate to very J. Hanson, (USU), 1(, (USU). San Juan Co.: dark; tibial spines black with black bases. 25 mi N of Monticello on Rt. 191, 5700 ft, SURFACE AND VESTITURE: Dorsum July 18, 1986, R. T. Schuh, Sarcobatus ver- smooth and weakly shining, clothed with miculatus (Chenopodiaceae), 1& (AMNH). pale to brown, recumbent, simple setae in- Grand Flat near Collins Canyon, 5600 ft, termixed with silvery, weakly ¯attened setae. June 1, 1982, D. A. and J. T. Polhemus, 1(, STRUCTURE: Hemelytra relatively short to 2& (JTP). Uintah Co.: 5±10 mi SE of Bo- moderately elongate (®g. 12); labium rela- nanza, T10S R24E Sec 17, 5000±5600 ft, tively short, just reaching middle trochanters; July 5, 1982±July 8, 1982, M. D. Schwartz, claws relatively short and broad, curving on Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Chenopodiaceae), apical one-third, pulvilli large, covering two- 15(,15& (AMNH). Wyoming: Sheridan thirds of ventral claw surface. MALE GEN- Co.: Arvada, July 21, 1927, H. H. Knight, ITALIA: Vesica twisted, apex membranous; Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Chenopodiaceae), gonopore nearly apical, well sclerotized; 12(,14& (USNM). gonopore sclerite developed (®g. 16). Female: Total length 2.30±2.71, length Megalopsallus sparsus (Van Duzee) apex clypeus±cuneal fracture 1.67±2.03, Figures 12, 16 width across pronotum 0.89±0.99; short and stout, broadly ovoid, often distinctly more so Europiella sparsa Van Duzee, 1918: 305 (n. sp.). Megalopsallus sparsus: Schuh et al., 1995: 389 than males (®g. 12); underside of thorax and (n. comb.). abdomen very faintly darkened in totally Europiella stitti Knight, 1968: 46 (n. sp.). NEW pale specimens (®g. 12). SYNONYMY. HOSTS: Atriplex canescens, A. confertifol- Megalopsallus stitti: Schuh et al., 1995: 389 (n. ia, A. hymenelytra, A. lentiformis, A. poly- comb.). carpa, A. torreyi, A. sp. (Chenopodiaceae). Europiella franseriae Knight, 1969: 85 (n. sp.); Probable sitting records: Artemisia ®lifolia, Henry, 1985: 1124 (n. syn.). REVISED SYNONY- Franseria deltoides (Asteraceae); Sarcobatus MY. vermiculatus (Chenopodiaceae); Sphaeralcea Megalopsallus franseriae: Schuh et al., 1995: 389 sp. (Malvaceae); Lycium sp. (Solanaceae). (n. comb.). DISTRIBUTION: Western North America DIAGNOSIS: Recognized among small, at from Alberta and Saskatchewan south to least partly greenish, Megalopsallus species Baja California. by gray to black eyes and frequently dark DISCUSSION: Henry (1985) synonymized head, anterior lobe of pronotum, and mesos- Europiella franserieae Knight, 1969, with cutum (®g. 12). Thoracic pleuron and venter Europilla stitti Knight, 1968. The locality and abdominal venter infuscate in male, pale data and dates were identical for all speci- in female. Most easily confused with para- mens examined by Knight for these two punctipes and punctipes on basis of size, sex- nominal species, even though the labels were AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_56 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

56 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 3305

not from the same printing. Knight (1969) May 31, 1983, R. T. Schuh and G. M. Sto- recorded the host of franseriae as Franseria nedahl, Atriplex sp. (Chenopodiaceae), 4(, deltoides. Extensive collecting in Arizona 12& (AMNH). Maricopa Co.: Woolsey and southern California has never yielded Wash near Painted Rock Dam, 205 m, May breeding records of Megalopsallus on Fran- 9, 1978±April 3, 1981, R. T. Schuh and A. seria (ϭ Ambrosia, Asteraceae), although my F. Guenther, Atriplex sp. (Chenopodiaceae), colleagues and I collected extensively on it 2(,18& (AMNH). Phoenix, Papago Park, and documented several other mirids as January 18, 1983, J. T. Polhemus, Atriplex breeding on it. Comparison of the types of sp. (Chenopodiaceae), 2(,1& (JTP). Palo stitti and franseriae with a very large amount Verde Rd at Rt. 85 just S of Buckeye, 335 of material of sparsus, indicates that those m, April 1, 1981, R. T. Schuh and M. D. two nominal species fall within the range of Schwartz, Atriplex sp. (Chenopodiaceae), variation of sparsus, a variable and widely 55(, 106& (AMNH). Mesa, 1200 ft, March distributed taxon, and I am therefore treating 21, 1926, A. A. Nichol, 2& (USNM). Gila them as synonyms, sparsus having priority. Bend, 260 m, March 4, 1941, L. L. Stitt, In addition to the Franseria host record, Franseria deltoides (Asteraceae), 2(,4& other records from Artemisia, Sphaeralcea, (USNM). Chandler, April 9, 1942, L. L. Stitt, Lycium, and possibly Sarcobatus would 1& (USNM). Gila Bend, 260 m, February seem to represent sitting records and not 13, 1941, L. L. Stitt, 3& (USNM). Pima Co.: breeding hosts. Oxtaro, March 21, 1980, W. A. Jones, 1(, SPECIMENS EXAMINED: CANADA. Ð Al- 3& (USNM). Tucson, Houghton Rd at berta: Drumheller, August 11, 1957, A. R. Tanque Verde Wash, Sta. Catalina Mts, 3400 and J. E. Brooks, Atriplex sp. (Chenopodi- ft, March 1, 1995, M. D. Schwartz, Atriplex aceae), 5(,7& (CNC). Saskatchewan: Wil- canescens (Chenopodiaceae), 14(,22& lows, June 19, 1955, A. R. Brooks, Atriplex (AMNH). Organ Pipe Cactus Natl. Mon., sp. (Chenopodiaceae), 8(,6& (CNC). MEX- Quitobaquito, April 3, 1966, C. W. O'Brien, ICO. Ð Baja California Norte: 7miNof 1( (UCB). Lukeville, February 18, 1970, P. El Rosario, June 11, 1979, J. D. Pinto, Arnaud, 1( (CAS). 7 mi NW of Tucson, Sphaeralcea sp. (Malvaceae), 1( (UCR). 15 March 9, 1988, W. A. Jones, Atriplex canes- mi W of Bahia de los Angeles, March 26, cens (Chenopodiaceae), 6(,4& (USNM). 10 1979, J. D. Pinto, Lycium sp. (Solanaceae), mi S of Robles Jct., April 20, 1982, D. A. 1( (UCR). 12 mi E of El Rosario, March and J. T. Polhemus, Atriplex sp. (Chenopo- 25, 1979, J. D. Pinto, Atriplex sp. (Cheno- diaceae), 7(,4& (JTP). Tucson (NE), Sad- podiaceae), 3(,6& (UCR). El Crucero, dleback Road, 2400 ft, September 26, 1988, April 4, 1976, J. Doyen, P. Rude, Atriplex sp. M. D. Schwartz, Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Chenopodiaceae), 7(,2& (UCB). Baja (Chenopodiaceae), 1( (AMNH). Yavapai California Sur: 47 km E of Rancho S. J. Co.: 2.3 mi N of Page Springs junction on Castro, Viscaino Peninsula, March 25, 1980, Rt. 89A, 1700 m, June 21, 1980, R. T. Schuh, J. D. Pinto, 2( (UCR). USA. Ð Arizona: Atriplex sp. (Chenopodiaceae), 2( (AMNH). Cochise Co.: 3 mi NW of Portal, Round Val- 5 mi NW of Congress, 3800 ft, D.M. Wood, ley Rd, August 26, 1976, D. Chandler, 2( 6(,4& (CNC). California: Fresno Co.: (UAZ). 5 mi W of Portal, 5400 ft, August Mendota, April 25, 1932, E. P. Van Duzee, 20, 1955, Gertsch and Ordway, 1( (AMNH). 1& (CAS). Imperial Co.: Imperial near RR Portal, 1500 m, June 15, 1980, Schuh and tracks on Rt. 580, 42 ft, April 23, 1980, M. Schmidt, Atriplex sp. (Chenopodiaceae), 5& D. Schwartz, Atriplex sp. (Chenopodiaceae), (AMNH). Swisshelm Mts, September 20, 18(,23& (AMNH). Potholes, April 7, 1923, 1978, J. D. Pinto, 1( (UCR). Coconino Co.: E. P. Van Duzee, 9(,16& (CAS). Ft. Yuma, Rt. 64 just SE of Grand Canyon Natl. Park, April 15, 1923, E.P Van Duzee, 3(,2& June 26, 1980, K. & R. Schmidt, Atriplex (CAS). Coachella, May 13, 1917, E. P. Van canescens (Chenopodiaceae), 3(,7& Duzee, 7& (CAS). 15 mi NW of Westmore- (AMNH). Williams, 7000 ft, June 24, 1925, land, February 12, 1977, J. D. Pinto, Atriplex A. A. Nichol, 2(,1& (USNM). Graham sp. (Chenopodiaceae), 5(,9& (UCR). Inyo Co.: 30 mi SE of Globe on Rt. 70, 3200 ft, Co.: 2 mi E of Westgard Pass Summit, White AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_57 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

2000 SCHUH: REVISION OF MEGALOPSALLUS 57

Mts, 2125 m, July 2, 1980, R. T. Schuh, Atri- ft, March 31, 1981, D. A. Polhemus, 5(,5& plex sp. (Chenopodiaceae), 2(,6& (JTP). San Diego Co.: 5 mi E of Ocotillo (AMNH). Death Valley, 18 mi W of Beatty, Wells, April 7, 1981, J. T. Polhemus, Atriplex Nevada, 2375 ft, March 18, 1971, P. Oman, sp. (Chenopodiaceae), 4(,1& (JTP). Anza- 1(,2& (OSU). Death Valley, March 28, Borrego State Park, Bow Willow Camp- 1936, E. L. Paddock, Atriplex hymenelytra ground, 300 m, March 29, 1981, R. T. Schuh (Chenopodiaceae), 3(,2& (USNM). Death and M. D. Schwartz, Atriplex polycarpa Valley, Saratoga Springs, February 1, 1955, (Chenopodiaceae), 22(,36& (AMNH). E. G. Monroe, 4(,1& (CNC). Surprize Can- Anza-Borrego State Park, Palm Canyon yon, Panamint Mts, April 24, 1957, G. I. Trail, 600 ft, May 17, 1982, M. D. Schwartz, Stage, Atriplex sp. (Chenopodiaceae), 4(, Atriplex polycarpa (Chenopodiaceae), 3(, 3& (UCB). 13.5 mi W of Shoshone, March 18& (AMNH). N end of Borego-Clark Lake, 19, 1971, P. Oman, 10(,11& (OSU). Kern March 23, 1978, Wasbauer et al., 4( Co.: Breckenridge Mts Rd 3 mi NE Coman- (CAFA). San Joaquin Co.: May 25, 1917, W. che Rd, April 29, 1978, J. D. Pinto, 1( M. Giffard, 1( (CAS). Santa Barbara Co.: (UCR). McKittrick, April 9, 1966, C. W. 8 mi E of New Cuyama, 2000 ft, May 10, O'Brien, 2( (UCB). Kings Co.: 8miSEof 1985, R. T. Schuh, Atriplex sp. (Chenopodi- Avenal, April 16, 1966, C. W. O'Brien, 4(, aceae), 12(,20& (AMNH). Ventura Co.: 1& (UCB). 11 mi S of Kettleman City, April Ventura, June 11, 1965, P. M. Jump, 1( 23, 1932, E. P. Van Duzee, 13(,2& (CAS). (LACM). Colorado: Gar®eld Co.: 15.8 mi Los Angeles Co.: Palos Verdes, Sea Side, N of Loma on Rt. 139, June 19, 1982, M. D. September 1, 1982, J. T. Polhemus, Atriplex Schwartz, Atriplex canescens (Chenopodi- sp. (Chenopodiaceae), 2(,2& (JTP). 22 mi aceae), 22(,9& (AMNH). Ri¯e, W. Ri¯e S of Palmdale, 3000 ft, May 30, 1981, J. T. Creek, September 26, 1982, J. T. Polhemus, Polhemus, 2( (JTP). Monterey Co.: Gonza- Atriplex sp. (Chenopodiaceae), 8(,3& les, November 9, 1977, Atriplex sp. (Chen- (JTP). Jefferson Co.: Mouth of Deer Creek opodiaceae), 2( (CAFA). Riverside Co.: In- Canyon, 5000 ft, September 18, 1987, J. T. dio, February 21, 1955, W.R.M. Mason, Atri- and D. A. Polhemus, 4( (JTP). Mesa Co.: plex polycarpa (Chenopodiaceae), 19(,43& 13 km NW of Gateway, 4700 ft, May 25, (CNC). Palm Springs, December 22, 1941, 1987, J. T. Polhemus, Atriplex sp. (Cheno- R. H. Beamer, 1( (KU). Palm Springs, Feb- podiaceae), 2(,1& (JTP). Gateway, 4600 ft, ruary 21, 1897, 5(,2& (USNM). Palm August 15, 1987, J. T. and D. A. Polhemus, Springs, May 18, 1917±May 20, 1917, E. P. 4(,8& (JTP). Pueblo Co.: Pueblo, Septem- Van Duzee, Paratypes: 3( (CAS). Saboda ber 15, 1898, 2( (USNM). Weld Co.: 7mi Springs, June 2, 1917, E. P. Van Duzee, Par- NE of Nunn, August 15, 1968, P. Oman, atype: 1& (CNC). Thermal, April 9, 1955, Atriplex canescens (Chenopodiaceae), 5(, W. R. Richards, Atriplex lentiformis (Chen- 3& (OSU). Nevada: Clark Co.: 7miSof opodiaceae), 1(,3& (CNC). Thousand Boulder City, 530 m, May 17, 1978, R. T. Palms, April 3, 1955, W. R. Richards, 2(, Schuh, Atriplex sp. (Chenopodiaceae), 8(, 3& (CNC). San Bernardino Co.: 11 mi N of 5& (AMNH). Esmeralda Co.: 13 mi W of Needles, April 1, 1966, J. Schuh, 1( Lida on Rt. 3, 1938 m, July 13, 1980, R. T. (AMNH). Rabbit Dry Lake, 2 mi W of Lu- Schuh and G. M. Stonedahl, Atriplex sp. cerne Valley, 935 m, May 13, 1978, R. T. (Chenopodiaceae), 7(,9& (AMNH). Eureka Schuh and J. D. Pinto, Atriplex sp. (Cheno- Co.: 28 mi W of Eureka on Rt. 50, 6000 ft, podiaceae), 3(,15& (AMNH). Rabbit Dry June 27, 1983, R. T. Schuh and M. D. Lake, 2 mi W of Lucerne Valley, 935 m, Schwartz, Atriplex sp. (Chenopodiaceae), 5( May 13, 1978, J. D. Pinto, Atriplex sp. (AMNH). Lander Co.: 11 mi S of Rt. 50 on (Chenopodiaceae), 8(,14& (UCR). Provi- Rt. 376, T17N R44E, 5800 ft, June 28, 1983, dence Mts State Recreation Area, 4300 ft, R. T. Schuh and M. D. Schwartz, Atriplex May 18, 1982, M. D. Schwartz, Atriplex ca- torreyi (Chenopodiaceae), 30(,56& nescens (Chenopodiaceae), 24(,11& (AMNH). Lyon Co.: North Boundary of Toi- (AMNH). 3 mi W of Lucerne Valley, May yabe Natl. For. on Hwy 22, July 11, 1980, 5, 1975, J. D. Pinto, 1( (UCR). Baker, 920 G. M. Stonedahl, Atriplex sp. (Chenopodi- AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_58 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

58 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 3305

aceae), 1(,6& (AMNH). Nye Co.: 10 mi S April 18, 1985, J. C. Schaffner, Atriplex ca- of Tonapah, May 15, 1985, W. F. Chamber- nescens (Chenopodiaceae), 16(,26& lain, 3(,1& (TAMU). 2.5 mi NE of Gabbs (TAMU). Terrell Co.: 10 mi E of Sanderson, off Rt. 844, Gabbs Ri¯e Range, 4800 ft, July April 17, 1985, J. C. Schaffner, 1& (TAMU). 2, 1983, R. T. Schuh and M. D. Schwartz, Upton Co.: 1 mi S of Rankin, April 19, 1985, 1( (AMNH). Atomic Test Site, Orange J. C. Schaffner, 11(,21& (TAMU). Ward Blossom Road 6.8 mi SE of Mercury Hwy, Co.: 1 mi S of Grandfalls, April 19, 1965, J. 4000 ft, June 8, 1983, Schuh, Schwartz, and C. Schaffner, 2& (TAMU). Utah: Duchesne Stonedahl, Atriplex canescens (Chenopodi- Co.: 23.7 mi S of Myton, Well's Draw, T10S aceae), 6(,5& (AMNH). Atomic Test Site, R15E, 6000 ft, M. D. Schwartz, Atriplex ca- Rock V on Jackass Flats Rd, 3300 ft, June nescens (Chenopodiaceae), 12(,11& 6, 1983, Schuh, Schwartz, and Stonedahl, (AMNH). Emery Co.: 2.5miWofRt24on Atriplex canescens (Chenopodiaceae), 2( Goblin Valley Road, 5500 ft, June 19, 1983, (AMNH). Mercury, June 12, 1965±June 24, R. T. Schuh and M. D. Schwartz, Atriplex 1965, Knight, Merino, Beck, Atriplex canes- canescens (Chenopodiaceae), 5(,1& cens (Chenopodiaceae), 46(,76& (USNM). (AMNH). Gar®eld Co.: 14.3 mi S of Rt. 95 Washoe Co.: Nixon, June 24, 1964, J. R. on Rt. 276, 5000 ft, June 19, 1983, R. T. Miller, 1( (UCD). New Mexico: Dona Ana Schuh and M. D. Schwartz, 16( (AMNH). Co.: 9 mi W of Santa Teresa, May 8, 1999, Grand Co.: Green River, May 21, 1963, G. 5(,8& (TAMU). Las Cruces, 1220 m, April F. Knowlton, 1( (USU). 11 mi SE of jct. Rts 30, 1978, R. T. Schuh and J. R. Zimmerman, 313 & 163 toward Dead Horse Point, 5200 Atriplex sp. (Chenopodiaceae), 24(,35& ft, June 11, 1982, M. D. Schwartz, Atriplex (AMNH). 20 mi N of Las Cruces, 1280 m, canescens (Chenopodiaceae), 6(,5& April 30, 1978, R. T. Schuh, Atriplex sp. (AMNH). San Juan Co.: 3 mi SE of Rt. 263 (Chenopodiaceae), 2(,6& (AMNH). Lea on Clay Hills Crossing Rd, T39S R15E, Co.: Site 12, June 1, 1979, Schaffner et al., 4700 ft, June 18, 1983, R. T. Schuh and M. Artemisia ®lifolia (Asteraceae), 24(,18& D. Schwartz, Atriplex canescens (Chenopo- (TAMU). Lincoln Co.: 5.6 mi NW of Car- diaceae), 1(,2& (AMNH). 7.7 mi N of rizozo, May 15, 1999, J. C. Schaffner, 20(, Mexican Hat on Rt. 261, 5000 ft, June 17, 26& (TAMU). Los Alamos Co.: White Rock 1983, R. T. Schuh and M. D. Schwartz, Atri- Overlook, July 3, 1982, J. T. Polhemus, 2& (JTP). Santa Fe Co.: Santa Fe, June 19, plex canescens (Chenopodiaceae), 3(,3& 1976, P. Oman, 1( (OSU). Socorro Co.: 5 (AMNH). Brush Basin Rim Rd, Co. rd. ( mi W of Socorro, June 4, 1972, W. E. Clark, 227 0.5 E mp 116, 5700 ft, June 12, 1982, 1( (TAMU). Socorro, May 2, 1981, D. A. M. D. Schwartz, Atriplex canescens (Chen- and J. T. Polhemus, 3( (JTP). Valencia Co.: opodiaceae), 3(,2& (AMNH). Canyonlands Belen, R. H. Beamer, 1(,6& (KU). Oregon: Natl. Park, Butler Flat, May 27, 1979, J. T. Harney Co.: T37S R35E, April 25, 1979± Polhemus, 1& (JTP). Uintah Co.: 5±10 mi July 15, 1979, Lightfoot and Cobb, Atriplex SW of Bonanza, T10S R24E, 5000±5600 ft, canescens (Chenopodiaceae), 8(,15& June 4, 1981±September 6, 1982, M. D. (OSU). Texas: Brewster Co.: 7miNEof Schwartz, Atriplex canescens (Chenopodi- Pinon, June 22, 1979, J. C. Schaffner et al., aceae), 27(,21& (AMNH). Washington 4(,16& (TAMU). Culberson Co.: Van Co.: St. George (SW of city limits near Rt. Horn, 1440 m, April 28, 1978, R. T. Schuh, 15), 2800 ft, May 24, 1981, M. D. Schwartz, Atriplex sp. (Chenopodiaceae), 5(,7& Atriplex torreyi (Chenopodiaceae), 31(,36& (AMNH). 2 mi W of Kent on I-10, 1550 m, (AMNH). St. George, 2800 ft, June 20, 1965, R. T. Schuh, Atriplex sp. (Chenopodiaceae), H. H. Knight, 1& (USNM). Santa Clara, No- 3(,2& (AMNH). 38 mi N of Van Horn, vember 3, 1929, D. E. Fox, Atriplex canes- 1220 m, April 28, 1978, R. T. Schuh, Atri- cens (Chenopodiaceae), 1(,3& (USNM). plex sp. (Chenopodiaceae), 16(,11& Santa Clara on Rt. 56, T42S R16W, 2800 ft, (AMNH). Pecos Co.: 27 mi S of Fort Stock- May 23, 1981, M. D. Schwartz, Atriplex ca- ton, April 18, 1985, J. C. Schaffner, 36(, nescens (Chenopodiaceae), 20(,25& 41& (TAMU). 28 mi S of Fort Stockton, (AMNH). AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_59 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

2000 SCHUH: REVISION OF MEGALOPSALLUS 59

Fig. 22. Habitus of Megalopsallus teretis, male (Nevada, Nye Co., Atomic Test Site, Tweezer Road at Orange Blossom Road, ex Lycium andersonii).

Megalopsallus teretis, new species humeralis and nigrofemoratus, but distin- Figures 12, 16, 22, 23 guished by having totally dark tibiae whereas tibiae in those species pale with dark spots HOLOTYPE: Male, Nevada: Nye Co., Ne- vada Atomic Test Site, Mercury Hwy at An- at bases of spines. gle Rd. (A3), elev. 3800 ft., June 8, 1983, DESCRIPTION: Male: Small to medium Schuh, Schwartz, Stonedahl, Lycium sp. (So- sized, total length 2.82±3.60, length apex lanaceae). Deposited in the American Mu- clypeus±cuneal fracture 1.87±2.25, width seum of Natural History. across pronotum 0.96±1.06. COLORATION: DIAGNOSIS: Recognized by totally blackish Entire body and hemelytra blackish brown; brown coloration and spindle-shaped anten- eyes usually dark; appendages, especially an- nal segment 2 in female (®gs. 12, 22, 23). tennae, dark, but reddish (®g. 12); tibial Most easily confused with dark specimens of spines black. SURFACE AND VESTI- AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_60 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

60 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 3305

Fig. 23. Habitus of Megalopsallus teretis, female (Nevada, Nye Co., Atomic Test Site, Tweezer Road at Orange Blossom Road, ex Lycium andersonii).

TURE: Dorsum smooth, dull, clothed with length of claw. MALE GENITALIA: Vesica recumbent, black, simple setae and white, ap- relatively long, S-shaped, with a long, scler- pressed, woolly setae. STRUCTURE: Hem- otized, apical attenuation; gonopore well re- elytra moderately elongate, nearly parallel- moved from apex of vesica, distinctly scler- sided; antennal segment 2 weakly in¯ated otized; gonopore sclerite relatively short (®g. over most of length (®gs. 12, 22); labium just 16). reaching to middle trochanters; claws straight Female: Total length 2.28±2.64, length over most of length, curving near apex; pul- apex clypeus±cuneal fracture 1.73±1.97, villi large, covering about two-thirds of width across pronotum 0.94±1.02; much AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_61 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

2000 SCHUH: REVISION OF MEGALOPSALLUS 61

shorter than male, very broadly ovoid (®g. NOTES ON OTHER SPECIES 12); antennal segment 2 usually much more PREVIOUSLY PLACED IN MEGALOPSALLUS strongly swollen than in male, spindle shaped Europiella albipubescens Knight, (®g. 12). Incertae sedis ETYMOLOGY: Named for the shape of an- tennal segment 2; from the Latin, teretis, cy- Europiella albipubescens Knight, 1968: 46 (n. lindrical. sp.). HOSTS: Lycium andersonii, L. sp. (Sola- Megalopsallus albipubescens: Schuh et al., 1995: naceae). Probable sitting record: Arctostaph- 389 (n. comb.). ylos patula (Ericaceae). DISCUSSION: Knight (1968) described al- DISTRIBUTION: Southern Nevada and Utah bipubescens from the Nevada Test Site as oc- south to Zacatecas, Mexico. curring on Chrysothamnus nauseosus.He DISCUSSION: There is a substantial disjunc- placed the species in Europiella in apparent tion between collection localities for this spe- error because the pulvilli are large and adnate cies. Nonetheless, the specimens from south- to nearly the entire ventral surface of the ern Nevada and Zacatecas, Mexico, are very claw, an attribute never found in Europiella similar in overall morphology and the struc- spp. The transfer of this species to Megal- ture of the male genitalia, and I am therefore opsallus by Schuh et al. (1995) is equally treating them as belonging to a single taxon. unsatifactory and was not based on a critical PARATYPES: MEXICO. Ð Zacatecas: 6mi examination of the male genitalia. Further S of Concepcion del Oro, July 9, 1983, Ko- study is required to determine a more satis- varik, Harrison, and Schaffner, 10(,15& factory placement for this species. (TAMU). 13 mi SE of Concepcion del Oro, July 9, 1983, Kovarik, Harrison, and Schaff- Europiella monticola Knight, ner, 2(,7& (TAMU). USA. Ð Arizona: revised combination Pima Co.: Molino Basin, April 2, 1980, W. Europiella monticola Knight, 1970: 230 (n. sp.). A. Jones, Arctostaphylos patula (Ericaceae), Megalopsallus monticola: Schuh et al., 1995: 389 1& (USNM). Nevada: Nye Co.: 0.5 mi N of (n. comb.). Payute Mesa Road on Orangeblossom Road, 4100 ft, June 7, 1983, Schuh, Schwartz, and This species was erroneously transferred Stonedahl, 1(, (AMNH). 2.5 mi NE of to Megalopsallus by Schuh et al. (1995). Gabbs off Rt. 844, 4800 ft, July 1, 1983, R. T. Schuh and M. D. Schwartz, Lycium an- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS dersonii (Solanaceae), 2(,7& (AMNH). For ®eld and technical assistance I offer Atomic Test Site, 2.6 mi W of Mercury Hwy, special thanks to Michael Schwartz and Gary Cane Spgs. Rd, 3400 ft, June 6, 1983, Schuh, Stonedahl. Their contributions added greatly Schwartz, and Stonedahl, Lycium andersonii to the results presented here, in terms of (Solanaceae), 2(,7& (AMNH). Atomic Test specimen and host data, initial sorting and Site, Jackass Flats Road, 3300 ft, June 6, organization of material, and knowledge of 1983, Schuh, Schwartz, and Stonedahl, Ly- genitalic morphology. cium andersonii (Solanaceae), 9& (AMNH). For reviews of the manuscript I thank Atomic Test Site, Mercury Hwy at Angle Rd, Thomas Henry, I. M. Kerzhner, Jerome Roz- 3800 ft, June 8, 1983, Schuh, Schwartz, and en, Michael Schwartz, and James A. Slater. Stonedahl, Lycium sp. (Solanaceae), 3(, Jeff Knight, University of Nevada, Reno, 10& (AMNH). Atomic Test Site, Tweezer Rd arranged permission to collect at the Depart- at Orange Blossom Rd, 4750 ft, June 8, ment of Energy Atomic Test Site, Nye Coun- 1983, Schuh, Schwartz, and Stonedahl, Ly- ty, Nevada. Allen F. Guenther, Gila Bend, cium andersonii (Solanaceae), 30(,38& Arizona, formerly with the Arizona Fish and (AMNH). Utah: San Juan Co.: 7.7 mi N of Game Commission, took me to what would Mexican Hat on Rt. 261, 5000 ft, June 17, have been otherwise inaccessible areas in 1983, R. T. Schuh and G. M. Stonedahl, Ly- southwestern Arizona. National Park Service cium andersonii (Solanaceae), 2(,18& personnel generously provided permission to (AMNH). collect at Organ Pipe Cactus National Mon- AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_62 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

62 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 3305 AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_63 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

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68 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 3305

ument and Capitol Reef National Park. My California Department of Food and Agriculture, father, the late Joe Schuh, introduced me to Sacramento, Alan Hardy (CAFA) the halophyte ¯ora of southern Oregon and California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, northern California. John Pinto and his fam- Paul Arnaud, Jr., Norman Penny (CAS) ily provided valuable ®eld assistance and Canadian National Collection of Insects, Agricul- ture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, Leonard hospitality in southern California. John, Kelton and Michael Schwartz (CNC) Irma, and Dan Polhemus provided hospitality Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, and ®eld support in Colorado. To all of these California, Julian P. Donahue (LACM) individuals and organizations I offer my sin- Oregon State University, Corvallis, John D. Lattin cere thanks. (OSU) Fieldwork from 1980±1986, initial assem- John T. Polhemus Collection, Englewood, Colo- bly and sorting of collections, and the illus- rado (JTP) trations by Steve Thurston were funded by David A. Rider Collection, Fargo, North Dakota NSF grants DEB-8113481 and BSR- (DAR) 8516635. Christine Johnson, Scienti®c Assis- San Diego Museum of Natural History, David K. tant, American Museum of Natural History, Faulkner (SDNM) prepared the digital photographs, made all Texas A&M University, College Station, Joseph measurements, digitized the genitalic illustra- C. Schaffner, Ed Riley (TAM) United States National Museum of Natural His- tions, and assembled the ®nal plates; her as- tory, Washington, D.C., Thomas J. Henry, Ri- sistance greatly facilitated preparation of the chard C. Froeschner (USNM) paper. Sergiy Legkodukh, Computer Special- University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, the late ist, American Museum, wrote the locality- Floyd Werner (UAZ) data report writer. University of California, Berkeley, John Chemsak The herbarium staff at the New York Bo- (UCB) tanical Garden identi®ed the host plants for University of California, Davis, the late Robert material collected by Michael Schwartz, Schuster (UCD) Gary Stonedahl, and me. These authoritative University of California, Riverside, Saul From- determinations add greatly to our con®dence mer, John D. Pinto (UCR) in knowledge of host relationships within University of Kansas, Snow Entomological Mu- Megalopsallus. My sincere thanks to Jackie seum, Lawrence, Alex Slater (KU) Utah State University, Logan, Wilford Hanson Kallunki, Eileen Scho®eld, Arnold Tiehm, (USU) James Grimes, and others at the NYBG for their prompt and professional service. Evert E. Lindquist (Agriculture and Agri- REFERENCES Food Canada, Ottawa) kindly identi®ed mites of the genus Balaustium and provided Carvalho, J.C.M. 1958. the information on their life histories. Catalogue of the Miridae of the World. Part II. Subfamily Phylinae. Arq. Mus. Many individuals and institutions gener- Nac. Rio J. 45: 216 pp. ously provided material for this study, during Henry, T. J. the course of which more than 11,500 spec- 1985. Newly recognized synonyms, hom- imens were examined. Without their assis- onyms, and combinations in the North tance, the diversity of the group would be American Miridae (Heteroptera). J. much less well understood. Institutions, New York Entomol. Soc. 93: 1121± names of curators or other responsible indi- 1136. viduals, and institutional abbreviations used Kelton, L. A. in the presentation of locality data are given 1965. Chlamydatus Curtis in North America in the following list: (: Miridae). Can. Entomol. 97: 1132±1144. American Museum of Natural History, New York 1980. Descriptions of three new species of (AMNH) Miridae from the prairie provinces and Monte L. Bean Life Sciences Museum, Brigham a new record of European Phylini in the Young University, Provo, Utah, Charles Riley Nearctic Region (Heteroptera). Ibid. Nelson (BYU) 112: 285±292. AMNH NOVITATES Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:19 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_69 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

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Kerzhner, I. M., and R. T. Schuh Distributions, Host List, and Bibliog- 1998. Two new synonymies in Holarctic Phy- raphy. New York, New York Entomo- lini (Heteroptera: Miridae). Zoosyst. logical Society. 1329 pp. Ross. 7: 242.V. Schuh, R. T., P. Lindskog, and I. M. Kerzhner Knight, H. H. 1995. Europiella Reuter (Heteroptera: Miri- 1925. Descriptions of thirty new species and dae): recognition as a Holarctic group, two new genera of North American notes on synonymy, and description of Miridae (Hemiptera). Bull. Brooklyn a new species, Europiella carvalhoi, Entomol. Soc. 20: 33±58. from North America. Proc. Entomol. 1927. Megalopsallus, a new genus of Miridae Soc. Washington 97: 379±395. with ®ve new species from North America (Hemiptera). Ann. Entomol. Stonedahl, G. M. Soc. Am. 20: 224±228. 1990. Revision and cladistic analysis of the 1968. Taxonomic review: Miridae of the Ne- Holarctic genus Atractotomus Fieber vada Test Site and the western United (Heteroptera: Miridae: Phylinae). Bull. States. Brigham Young Univ. Sci. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 198: 88 pp. Biol. Ser. 9: 282 pp. Stonedahl, G. M. and M. D. Schwartz 1969. New species of Pronotocrepis Kngt., 1996. Two new genera of pine-inhabiting spe- Europiella Reut., and Hesperocapsus cies of Phylini in North America (Het- Kngt., from the western United States eroptera: Miridae: Phylinae). Am. Mus. (Miridae, Hemiptera). Iowa St. J. Sci. Novitates 3166: 15 pp. 44: 79±91. Van Duzee, E. P. 1970. Tannerocoris new genus, and new spe- 1914. A preliminary list of the Hemiptera of cies of Miridae (Hemiptera) from the western United States. Great Basin Nat. San Diego County, California. Trans. 30: 227±231. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist. 2: 1±57. Konstantinov, F. V. 1918. New species of Hemiptera, chie¯y 1999. Revision of the genus Camptotylidea from California. Proc. California Acad. (Heteroptera: Miridae). Zoosyst. Ross. Sci. (4)8: 271±308. 8: 89±119. 1923. Expedition of the California Academy Linnavuori, R. of Sciences to the Gulf of California in 1993. The Phylinae (Hemiptera: Miridae) of 1921. The Hemiptera (true bugs, etc.). west, central, and north east Africa. Ibid. (4)12: 123±200. Garcia de Orta Ser. Zool., Lisbon 18: Wagner, E. 115±296. 1973. Die Miridae Hahn, 1831 des Mittel- Schuh, R. T. meerraumes und der Makaronesischen 1986. Merinocapsus froeschneri, a new spe- cies of phyline Miridae from Western Inseln (Hemiptera, Heteroptera). Teil 2. North America, with notes on the genus Entomol. Abh. 39 suppl.: ii ϩ 421 pp. (Heteroptera). J. New York Entomol. 1975. Die Miridae Hahn, 1831 des Mittel- Soc. 94: 217±225. meerraumes und der Makaronesischen 1995. Plant Bugs of the World (Insecta: Het- Inseln (Hemiptera, Heteroptera). Teil 3. eroptera: Miridae). Systematic Catalog, Entomol. Abh. 40 suppl.: ii ϩ 483 pp. AMNH NOVITATES No RH this page!! Wednesday Nov 21 2001 01:20 PM 2000 novi 00194 Mp_72 Allen Press • DTPro System File # 01TQ

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a This paper meets the requirements of ANSI/NISO Z39.48-1992 (Permanence of Paper).