ANGOLA MOZAMBIQUE GUIN~ THF STRIJGGLE AC4TNST PORTIJGIIFST! COLONTALISM

The wars of liberation in Ancola, Mozanhioue and 6uine follow 450 vears of Portuguese colonialism, IInder the Portuvese the peonle have been suhiect to a nolice state which denies their nolitical rights, has taken their land, and i~noredtheir educational needs and economic develonment . Althouyh fomallv outlawed in the three "terri- tories." a svstem of forced lahor continues to maintain Portuquese plantations.

African resistance to colonialism is as old as the Pottuguese Dresence, but it was in the 196Bs, while the rest of Africa was ~ainingindenendence, that the actual liberation wars he~an. In all three ceuntries the armed struggle erupted after Portu- mese authorities massacred thousands of people who weie peacefully demon st rat in^ for their political rights. The war he~anin An~0lain 1961 with the PnPIILAR MOVEM?NT FOR THF LIBERATION OF ANGCILA (MPLA); in Guine in 1963 with the AFRICAN PARTY FOR THF IWE- PENbWCE OF GIIINE AND THE CAPF VFRnF ISLANDS (PAIGC); and in Mozambique in 1964 with the MOZAVBIQUE LIBERATION FRONT (FRELIM).

The Liberation Movements are fighting against tre- mendous odds, Portugal spends more than 45% of its annual bud~eton its wars in Africa and maintains over 150,000 troops in the "territories," propor- tionally a greater comitment than the I1.S. at its peak in Vietnam. As the poorest cbuntry in Furope, Portugal could not sustain these wars without active and substan- tial support from South Africa. Rhodesia, and the NAW allies, particularly the Ifnited States and West Germany. Throu~hNATO, the U.S. sunplies Portugal with military advice and weapons, includ- ing the herbicides and napalm now in widespread use in the "territoties." The I1.S. is also Portugal's third Iarqest trading partner; and O.S. cetgorations, notablv GULF OIL. reap rich prafits from Portuqese rule, Apartheid South Africa, knowing that it will he emesed an all sides when the "Portuguese Territories" ate free, provides Portugal with troops and economic aid. Thus, not enly does Portugal benefit from these pawerful allies, hut the IJ.S, and South Africa in turn regard Porturuese control in Africa as necessary for their economic and military in- terests. IJNTTY IN STRUGG1.E ANP INTERNITTONAL SllPPORl

The three liberation movements are unified thraub the Conference of the Nationalist Oreanizatians of the Portumese Colonies (CONCP), made strong hv the will of the people, and supnorted hv the Organization of 4frican Unity. lnternatjonal sripnort comes from a growing number of symnathetic governments, individual erouns and people from all over the world. WHAT CAN WE M?

It is in this context that we as Americans have an imBartant role to nlav. The CHICAGO COWfITTEF FOR THE 1,IRERATION OF ANC~LA,MOZAYRTOlIF AND 6iTIYE is one effort towards increasina awareness about continued Portuguese celmialism in Africa and the growing strength sf the liheratien movements there.

Guini

CHICAGO COMITTEE FOR THE LIBEPATION OF ANGOLA, MOZAMBIQIJE AND GUINE The aims of the Chicago Committee are 1) to provide material and financial aid for MPLA, FRELIMO, and PAICC; and 2) te work for an end ta U.S. military and economic involvement in Portuguese calanialism in Africa,

You can participate and forward the aims ef the Can- nittee by a money contribution and/or by support action in the U.S. for the liberatian movements. We welceme you to participate in our meetings, and we will send you periodic reports of the Committee's work.

Please make a monthlv pledge if vau can. Your donation will be divided between the liheratien movements and the work of the Chicaqo Committee. Make checks payable to the Committee for the Liberation of Angela, Mozambique and Cuine, 2546 N. Halstd, Chicage, Illineis,. 60614. IN THF LIRERATEP AREAS.. .

The MPLA Government functions nonnally in almost 1/3 of the calmtry which includes five liberated re~ions.

The Medical Assistance Service provides an expanded program of preventive health and medical education for the civilian population as well as emerEency treatment for the militarv.

FRELIK) now controls the net-them third of the coun- try where wer one million people are buildin8 a life free of Partuquese obpression.

Piere than 20,000 Mezambicans are new teaching and learning in their own schools. Mere than 11 district hosnitals and 56 mobile first-aid centers have been established.

More land is being farmed by Mezambicans than ever under Portuguese NI~,

-GUINE More than half the population, 2/3 of the county, lives under the new village democracy system which forms the basis ef life in the liberated zones.

Education and health services installed by PAIGC are far superior in number and quality to the entire period of Portuguese domination.

Liberated lands are famed, new crops using new nethods are raised, local industries flourish, and an extensive network of "peonle's storesw provide the people with their ecenomic needs.

ALL THREE MOVEMENTS HAVE DESPERATE NEED FOR CONCEN- TRATED FOOD AND MEDICAL SUPPLIES. Other materials badly needed are clothing. radies , blankets, sew- ing machines, books--the list is endless,

We muat pllactice ~evotutionah~dmocnacy in evem aspect 04 suh pcuty UQe. Evqneapa~ible nunbur mudt have .the 06 kib neponsib& .(.tied, exacting {tom othm a prtopul h~bpeCt60% hD r&kk and p~apuluteapecting the wa&k 04 afithlhs. . Hide wMnj 4hom the PfrUbU a6 ouh people. TcLL no tiea. Expobe UU wheneve& .thew me told. hbb no di{jiicuCticb, md&hea, da2u~~ea.CLaim no ea6u victahiu.. .. --Amilcar Cabral. Secretaw Cenera1,PAIGC 'sauoaj rCrearl:u~ so ~~anra lo~ra~~oct aqa uo zoqaaZ -03 ayllg uou puo uow~sorraunoa oaaqa 11. UI PORTUGAL'S DESPERATE ATTEMPT--CHEMICAL AND RIOLO(;ICAL WARFARE

In May 1970 Portugal began sprayinr the liherated areas in Angola with chemical defoliants and herbi- cides, a sign of a desperate regime unable to halt the liberation struggle by any other means. The inmediate effects in Angola were disastrous: 2/3 of the crops were destroyed and hundreds of Angolans rere poisoned. Herbicides are also now being em- ployed in Caine and to a lesser extent in Wzambique.

Portugal does not have the resources to manufacture its ewn herbicides; it must ahtain them from its allies, principally the lJ.S. The same chemicals used in Vietnam have been feund in Angola alon~ with U.S. naaalm cmnisters, Accordinp: to U.S. gevemment figures, the salt of herbicides hy the U.S. to Portu~alin 1970 was more than four times that of 1969.

President Agestinho Neto of MPLA anpealed to U.N. Secretary-General U Thrnt to relieve the suffering- of the Ahqelan people in the liberated zones by condemning the use of these chemicals and asking for food and medicines.

While the U.N. investibates the matter, herbicides and napalm continue to fall...

OUR action .i~dineoted tauad the conquest 04 the @We. And $on the {Wetav~d tuhich t~e ~WgLing,we mubt digkt tx ncbeLue the paent conthadition, baeen 0uh debhe, OM @kt 20 &el{-dctminatirn, and the mgant coLoniatid2 impobMon, by {once 04 m, 04 .it4 domination ova the AyoCan t&ow.

OM patrliothm, &t tkib moment, anon(# be ex- ,mabed th~~oughpa&icipation in Xhe bthqqLe. And bu Me ~tuqgteT mean ~ci~enin both . the mLWkhu cur$ poLiticaC action6 bkinq $ace inbide the count~u. --Agost inhe Neto. President, MPLA

CHICAGO COMfITTEE FOR TIIE LIBERATION OF ANMLA. MOZAMRTOIJF AND GIIINE t 2546 N: flalsted Chicago, Illinois 60614