1953 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE 2133 ar-e serving abroad in the Armed Forces of the consideration of their resolution No. 115 with MESSAGE FROM THE HOUSE United States, or who are employed abroad reference to the passage of H. R. 2843, pro­ by the United States Government; to the viding for the investigation in the Territory A message from the House of Repre­ Committee on the Judiciary. of Hawaii of the conservation, development, sentatives, by Mr. Maurer, its reading and utilization of water resources; to the clerk, announced that the House agreed Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. to the report of the committee of con­ MEMORIALS 98. By Mr. McDONOUGH: Petition of a ference on the disagreeing votes of the Under clause 3 of rule XXII, memo­ number of citizens of Los Angeles, Calif., two Houses on the amendments of the protesting against any move to extend the rials were presented and referred as fol­ draft and favoring universal military train· Senate to the bill gress BLY OF RHODE ISLAND "i!esolution memorializing Congress with re­ of the United States of America to act Mr. PASTORE. Mr. President, I pre­ spect to the enactment of Federal laws to favorably upon S. 692, a bill to pro­ sent three resolutions adopted by the insure equal opportunity for employment, hibit discrimination in employment be­ security of persons, full and equal partici­ cause of race, color, religion, national General Assembly of the State of Rhode pation in the Nation's political life and origin, or ancestry Island, at the January session, 1953. strengthening of the administrative ma:­ They are H. 541, memorializing Congress "Whereas there was introduced into the chinery for the protection of civil rights Senate Of the United States of America upon with respect to amendment of the Fed­ "Whereas the Democratic Party in its plat- January 29, 1953, Senate bill 692, a bill to eral Bankruptcy Act to insure the pay­ form, adopted July 24, 1952, promised to prohibit discrimination in employment be­ ment in full of unpaid wages in bank­ . continue efforts to eradicate discrimination cause of race, color, religion, national origin, ruptcy cases and to increase the priority through Federal as well as State and local or ancestry; and now given unpaid wage claims in bank­ action, advocating Federal laws to insure "Whereas this bill was introduced under ruptcy cases; H. 601, memorializing Con­ equal opportunity for employment, security the nonpartisan cosponsorship of the fol­ of persons, full and equal participation In lowing distinguished Senators: Mi-. IvEs, Mr. gress wita respect to the enactment of the Nation's political life, and strengthen­ Federal laws to insure equal opportunity HUMPHREY, Mr. DuFF, Mr. DOUGLAS, Mr. • ing of the administrative machinery for the HENDRICKSON, Mr. GREEN, Mr. LANGER, Mr. for employment, security of persons, full protection of civil rights; and KENNEDY, Mr. MARTIN, Mr. KILGORE, Mr. PuR­ and equal participation in the Nation's "Whereas the Republican platform, TELL, Mr. LEHMAN, Mr. SALTONSTALL, Mr. political life and strengthening of the adopted July 10, 1952, declared that while MAGNUSON, Mr. SMITH Of New Jersey, Mr. administrative machinery for the pro- primary responsibility lies with the States, PASTORE, and Mr. MORSE; and • tection of civil rights; and H. 602, re­ 'the Federal Governinent should take sup­ "Whereas according to the statement ac­ spectfully urging the Congress of the plemental action • • • to oppose discrimi­ companying its introduction by its sponsors, United states· to act favorably upon Sen­ nation against race. religion, or national elimination of discrimination in employ· ate bill 692, a bill to prol_libit discrimina­ origin'; and ment is the very heart of the civil-rights "Whereas it is evident that neither party program; and tion in employment because of race, should be allowed to forget the importance "Whereas such discrimination denies color, religion, national origin or an­ of its stand on civil rights. made at a time equa'l.ity of opportunity and constitutes an cestry. when each was endeavoring to obtain the outright violation of our American creed; I ask unanimous consent that the reso­ support of the American vo~er, since both and parties have promised to make advances in "Whereas this legislation furnishes the lutions be appropriately referred and this · vital sphere -of domestic action, which printed in the RECORD. most practical and effective medium by has such an important impact on our for­ which to guarantee to everyone equal op­ There being no objection, the resolu­ eign relations; and. portunity to earn a living according to !lis tions were received, refened, and, under "Whereas it is imperative that pressures ability, regardless of parentage, or religious the rule, ordered to be printed in the never be relaxed to secure these rights of faith; and RECORD, as follows: which the Federal Constitution that gave ''Whereas the Rhode Island General As­ birth to our Nation speaks so movingly; and To· the Committee on the Judiciary: sembly, having witnessed the constructive "Whereas although much progress has been "H. 541 accomplishments in this field by the oper· made, it Is also obvious that much remains ation of our own State law, realizes the need "Resolution memorializing Congress with to be accomplished; and for a similar act at the Federal level for respect to amendment of the Federal "Whereas a group of distinguished Sena­ employment in interstate commerce; and Bankruptcy Act to insure the payment in tors headed by Mr. HUMPHREY, and including "Whereas we are in agreement with the full of unpa~d wages in bankruptcy cases Mr. DoUGLAS, Mr. LEHMAN, Mr. MAGNUSON, sponsors that the passage of this bill .would and to increase the priority now given Mr. MoRSE, Mr. MURRAY, Mr. NEELY, and Mr. provide a. process that will assist in making unpaid wage claims in bankruptcy cases PASTORE, has caused to be introduced in our ~merican creed a living reality and in "Whereas in 1941 the legislature of this the Senate of the United States seven bills establishing at home the observance of the State passed a State wage payment and col­ and a concurrent resolution dealing with ideals and principles for which we profess to various aspects of the civil-rights questions, lection law, the purpose of which is and has stand among the nations of the world: Now, been to insure the payment Of all employees based upon the famous 1947 report of the working in this State; and President's Committee on Civil Rights, therefore, be it "Whereas although this law has been .in which report stil1 stands as the yardstick "Resolved, That the General Assembly o! general highly effective, whenever bank­ for legislation on the subject; and the State of Rhode Island and .Providence ruptcy proceedings intervene and employees "Whereas these bills according to the Plantations does respectfully urge the Con­ involved must then look to the Federal bank­ statement accompanying them in the CoN­ gress of the United States to act favorably ruptcy laws for the payment of their wages, GRESSIONAL RECORD contain proposals to make upon Senate bill 692 and requests the Sena­ the power and efficacy of this State law is lynching a Federal crime, to provide penal­ tors and Congressmen from Rhode Island in greatly curtailed, if not totally superseded by ties for -discrimination in interstate trans· said Congress to use their good offices to se­ the Federal statute; and portat~on, outlawing the poll tax as a con­ cure the prompt passage of this measure; "Whereas while the Federal bankruptcy dition of voting, to reorganize the Depart­ and be it further · laws do afford unpaid wage claims a certain ment of Justice for the protection of civil "Resolved, That the secretary of state be priority in payment, said priority does not and he is hereby authorized to transmit duly always insure the payment in full _of em­ rights, to protect the right to political par­ ployee's wages; and ticipation, to strengthen the laws relating certified copies of this resolution to the Sen­ "Whereas as a result thereof the State to convict labor, peonage, slavery -and in­ ators and Congressmen from Rhode Island labor department has actual knowledge of voluntary servitude, to amend and supple­ ln the Congress of the United States of ·not a few instances involving ·bankruptcy or ment existing civil-rights statutes, and to America." 2138 CONGRESSIONAL. RECORD--. SENATE"' March 20 FINANCING OF HIGHWAYS AND There being no· objection, the resolu­ 2. ·That . Senator DWIGHT GRISWOLD ' has ROADS-RESOLUTION OF COM- -' tions w•re ordered to be printed in the · attained positions and seniority on three RECORD, as follows: · · important Senate committees, namely, Inter­ MISSIONERS' COURT OF ANGE­ state and Foreign Commerce, Labor and Pub- . LINA COUNTY, TEX. FOUNDERS' DAY RESOLUTION, MARCH 16, ~953. lie Welfare, and Post Office and .Civil Service; Mr. JOHNSON of Texas. Mr. Presi­ Whereas we are assembled together in :Ne­ and further that Senator GRiswoLD was elect­ braska's capital city this 16th day of March ed chairman of the group . of first-term . dent, the financing of highways and to commemorate the ~6th anniversary of Ne­ Senators. roads in the State of Texas is always a braska's statehood; and 3. That Congressman CURTIS has become pressing problem, because the vast dis­ Whereas Founders' Day is the ·highpoint an important figure on the powerful House tances in our State can. for a farflung in this Nebraska Republican year: Ways and Means Committee; that Congress­ system of highways. A resolution re­ I. LEADERSHIP man HARRISON has been made a member of Now, therefore, be it the House Agriculture Committee; that Con­ cently adopted by the honorable Com­ gressman HRUSKA · has been placed on the missioners' Court of Angelina County, Resolved, That we express our deep ap­ preciation for the outstanding leadership Appropriations Committee. Tex., proposes for this problem a solu­ demonstrated by President Dwight D. Eisen- , We also recommend the wise leadership of tion that I consider deserv~s to be hower in taking up the call and leading the Gov. Robert B. Crosby; his fair and impartial brought to the attention of the Memb~·s crusade for governmental integrity issued administration of State affairs; hls fearless and courageous efforts to bring about re­ of the Senate. I therefore ·ask unani­ last November by the American people; his issuance of the mandate that "we who are straint and solve the problems that have con­ mous consent that the resolution, as free must proclaim anew our faith"; and in fronted our State since he assumed office. adopted by the Angelina County, Tex., his establishment of fixed and understand­ We note particularly: Commissioners' Court on March 9, 1953, able principles that will guide us in pressing 1. His insistence that the State tax . pro­ be printed in the RECORD, · and appropri­ our labor for world peace. gram be . straightened out once and for all. ately ref erred. We further commend the national admin­ 2. His efforts to reorganize government on istration: the State level so as to increase efficiency and There being no objection, the resolu­ 1. For its economy program as exemplified economy. tion was referred to the Committee on by the stopping of all civilian and military 3. His constant desire to work with and to Finance, and ordered to be printed in the construction until its necessity is reviewed. talk with the people of Nebraska. · Record, as follows: and the freezing of govern:nental employ­ 4. His keen interest in providing Nebraska ment until the advisability of replacements with a decent system of highways always Whereas under existing law the United is definitely established; States Government imposes a tax· of 1¥2 under equitable and impartial adminis­ 2. For the outstanding quality of those tration. cents on each gallon of gasoline sold; and, summoned to serve in our Federal Govern­ Whereas some of this tax now collected by 5. His devotion to those principles that ment, which has as a theme the establish­ insist upon delegation of governmental ac­ the Federal Government is returned to the ment of a national administration of such States for road and highway purposes; and tivities to the ·lowest echelon of adminis­ integrity and such efficiency that its honor tration. Whereas the State of Texas is in desperate at home will insure respect abroad; and urgent need of more funds to improve_ 3. For recognizing the necessity and hu­ We express our gratitude to National Com­ and maintain its vast highway and road manitarian goal involved in fostering the mitteewoman Edna Donald and National system; and Hawaiian statehood bill; Committeeman Abel Shotwell; Dave Martin, Whereas we, as individuals and county offi­ 4. For the vigorous drive to oust graft chairman of the State central committee, . cials, believe it beneficial to return as much and corruption in all phases of the Federal and his vice chairman, Mrs. Arthur Bowring; government activity· as possible to the local Government; Finance Chairman Joe Wishart; Young Re­ level: Now, therefore, · 5. For acknowledgment of the advisability publican Chairman Dean Kratz; Farm coun­ We, the duly elected and constituted Com­ of formulating policy-in a forward moving, cil Chairman Herbert Hughes; and to all who missioners' Court of Angelina County, Tex., constructive sense-in the field of natural­ served under their able leadership in con­ do hereby Resolve, That the United States resources construction because all Nebras­ solidating our party and insuring Republican Congress be petitioned to authorize that the kans · are vitally interested, one way or the success in Nebraska elections. aforementioned tax be relinquished to the other, in meeting the real farm problem cen­ II. LABOR several States, and that henceforth all road tering on soil and the water which either We commend the Republican leadership and highway maintenance, and development tears it away or makes it produce food. for its efforts to amend and strengthen the be -conducted exclusively by the several 6. For the courageous abolition of con­ Taft-Hartley law so that it will eliminate States. And we hereby resolve that this res­ trols; industrial strife, thereby consolidating the olution and petition be sent to 'the Members 7. For the timely trip to Europe by Sec­ industrial and labor forces of America. of Congress from the State of Texas and ask retary of State Dulles and Mutual Sec-qrity that it be read on the floor of Congress and Director Stassen, and resultant crystalliza­ III. AGRICULTURE appended to the official record. tion of the realistic approach which our The present farm recession is the result Done at Lufkin, Angelina County, Tex., Government is setting forth in all aspects of faulty planning and faulty administra­ this 9th day of March 1953. of the foreign-aid programs-to lend finan­ tion of programs perpetuated and initiated J. Q. MARONEY, Jr., cial assistance only to those groups that under the irresponsible Truman administra­ County Judge. demonstrate the ability and willingness to tion; therefore, we, living as we do in the J. C. STUBBLEFIELD, assume responsibility and to properly ad­ middle of the farm belt, urge that the .4.gri­ Commissioner, Precinct 1. minister such funds for· the benefit of west­ culture Department and the Agriculture W. P . FENLEY, ern civilization and the United States. Committees of Congress diligently construct Commissioner, Precinct 2. Plain talk is the real voice of America, Mr. a worthwhile and comprehensive program W. L. VANGLAHN, Dulles. · which will insure freedom of the farmer, Commissioner, PTecinct 3. 8. For the encouragement of those virtues and at the same time maintain his economic E. JONES, that inspire initiative in our economy so that security. We urge that this administration Commissione1", Pre~inct 4. the productivity of our society will fortify continue to formulate policies under the · and stimulate freedom everywhere. guidance of the grassroots expression of ac­ 9. For the realization that all New Deal tive operating farmers and ·their organi­ RESOLUTIONS OF REPUBLICAN spenders and Socialists who are in policy­ zations. FOUNDERS' DAY. MEETING, LIN­ making positions, whether political, civil IV. NATIONAL FINANCE service or otherwise, must be removed from COLN, NEBR. office. We wholeheartedly endorse a balanced 10. For recognizing the basic fact that re­ budget and believe that a pay-as-you-go pro­ Mr. GRISWOLD. · Mr. President, on gram is possible even with an immediate tax behalf of my colleague, the senior Sena­ ligion and faith are fundamental to the solu­ tion of all problems. reduction. We submit that the answer is to tor from Nebraska [Mr. BuTLER] and We express our ·gratitude to Senators be found · in the national administration's myself, I ask unanimous consent to have BUTLER and GRISWOLD and our Congressmen move toward a sound and equitable economy CURTIS, MILLER, HARRISON, and HRUSKA for and strongly urge that both a balanced printed in the body of the RECORD, reso­ budget· and tax cut be effected. lutions adopted at the Republican the leadership that they have shown in the Founders' Day meeting in Lincoln, Nebr., ·halls of Congress during the present reversal V. FOREIGN POLICY of centralizing trends in our Federal Gov-· We heartily CQmmend President's Eisen­ on March 16, 1953,which I had the pleas­ ernment. hower's action in removing the Seventh Flee.t ure to attend. We . note partlcula.rly: from the Formosa Straits and earnestly urge This meeting commemorated the 86th 1. That Senator HuGH BUTLER and Repre­ that every effort be made to provide .our anniversary of Nebraska's statehood, and sentative A. L. MILLER are now the respective allied troops With all of the munitions and is traditionally the largest celebration chairmen of the Senate and House Interior equipment required to prosecute the war .in Affairs Committees-the actions of which Korea to a successful conclusion and that of Republicans in .Nebraska each year. vitally affect Nebras~a economy. we .immediately take political, economic, and. 1953 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE 2139 military measures to stop the shipping of war S. 41. ,._ b111 to further amend the act _o! A-6451068, Baruela, · Carmen Verzola alias materials by our allies to Red China. June 15, 1917, as amended (Rept. No. 114) , Carmen Verzola Benales (nee Carmen Tsu­ And, in conclusion, we humbly reaffirm - By Mr. McCARRAN, from the Committee cano Verzola). our dedication to the guardianship of the on the Judiciary, with amendments: A-7445007, Beck, Molses (Mazes). well-being of all citizens, to the attainment S. 252. A bill to permit all civil actions A-7903408, Blyden, Ida Louise. of equality of opportunity for all so that our against the United States for recovery of .t.\-8106368, Boni, Rocco. Nation under God will ever act with the taxes erroneously or illegally assessed or col­ A-6904780, Bose, Peter alias Peter Kalten­ strength of unity in every task to which it lected to be brought in the district courts berger. is called, and we invite all men and women with right of trial by jury (Rept. No. 115); A-6981483, Botello-Antura, Manuel or of good will ·and high principles to join our and Ascension Botello-Antona, or Concepcion ranks. To all of you we say, "Join the party S. 984. A bill making provision for judicial Botella-Anton a . of the future. Join your Republican P-arty." review of certain Tax Court decisions (Rept. A-5970209, Bouquet, Jean Pierre Edouard Respectfully submitted. No. 116). alias Jean Pierre Edouard Chautemps. MARY K. ERNST, By Mr. TOBEY, from the Committee on A-7863124, i3ourgugnon, Paul Henri Joseph. Falls City. Interstate and Foreign Commerce: A-6379324; Braude, Abram. BONNIE KUHR, S. 1082. A bill to approve a conveyance A-3424978, Bruni, Giuseppe. Blair made by· the city of Charleston, S. C., to the A-5969316, Callwood, Agnes Enez. E. F. WOODARD, South Carolina State Ports Authority, of real A-7983111, Chang, Kuo Chang. Hebron. property heretofore granted to said city of A-3474752, Chen, Dora Tseng Fong. PAUL PETTIGROVE, Charleston by the United States of America; A-5508435, Chlappane, Rose Margaret (nee Oxford. without amendment (Rept. No. 117). O'Neill). ELMER RAKOW, By Mr. JOHNSON of Colorado, from the A-9562048, _Chong, Wong or Chong Wong' Neligh. Committee on Interstate and Foreign Com­ alias Tom Kin or· Tam Ken. JOHN R. HIGGINS, merce: A-3541386, Chruszczyk, Jerry or George Grand Island." S . 922. A bill to provide for a commission Chruszczyk. CHARLES THONE, to regulate the public transportation of pas­ A-7145949, Coleman, Sophie Emma. Lincoln, Chairman. sengers by motor vehicle and ·street railroad A-8021893, Connor, Zabrina Bethelda. within the metropolitan area of Washington, A-7390835, Costanzo, Francesco alias James D. C.; without amendment (Rept. No. 118). Scotto. REPORTS OF COMMITTEES By Mr. MAGNUSON, from the Committee A-7828206, Crawford, Cristina M. (nee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce: Meily). The following reports of committees S. 719. A bill to provide transportation on A-4502362, Cruz, Pomposo. were submitted: Canadian vessels between Skagway, Alaska, A- 7395423, Csicsery-Ronay, Istvan. ' ·By Mr. LANGER, from the Committee ori and other points in Alaska, between Haines, A-5241207, Daly, Elsie May. the Judiciary, without amendment: Alaska, and other points in Alaska, and be­ A-7962046, De Anda-Contreras, Ramon s. 55. A bill for the relief of Carol Lynn tween Hyder, Alaska, and other points in Ramiro. Barbara Hecht (Rept. No. 90); Alaska or the continental United States, A-2875289, De Bandala, Adellna Herrera, s. 71. A bill for the relief of Bernard W. either directly or via a foreign port, or for nee Adelina Herrera-Orvera or Despart or Olson (Rept. No. 91); any part of the transportation; without Covarrubias. s. 142. A bill for the relief of Norman S. amendment (Rept. No. 119). A-3122673, De Frausto, Josefa Gonzalez or MacPhee (Rept. No. 92); By Mr. MILLIKIN, from the Committee on Josefa Gonzelez-De La 0. S. 306. A bill for the relief of · Waltraut Finance: A-7978997, De Gonzales, Marla Ana Mon- Mies van der Rohe (R~pt. No. 93); H. R. 3658. A bill to extend for an addi­ toya. . S. 314. A bill for the relief of. Cornelius· A. tional 2 years the existing privilege of free A-7978918, De Montoya, Maria Ramirez vda. Navori (Rept. No. 94); importation of gifts from members of the A-7980331, Montoya, Victoria. S. 389. A bill for the relief of Dr. Alexandre Armed Forces of the United States on duty A-7873807, Denkins, Constance Carmela. Demetrio Moruzi (Rept. No. 95); abroa<;l; without amendment (Rept. No. 120); A-5673755, Denniston, Carlton Sylvanus or s. 486. A bill for the relief of Che Kil Bok and Carlton Sy~vanios Denniston, alias "Frenchy." (Rept. No. 96); · H. R. 3659. A bill to extend until July 1, A-6425349, De Ramirez, Julia Ortiz or Julia S. 516. A bill for the relief of Ronald Lee 1955, the period during which personal and Ortiz-Rodriguez or Julia R. Ortiz. Oenning (Rept. No. 97); household effects brought into the United A-7139138, De Sousa, Jose Esteves. s. 616. A bill for the relief of Dr. Albert States under Government orders shall be A-7927613, Dl Lieto, Joseph. Haas (Rept. No. 98); exempt from duty; without amendment A-5567326, Douglas, Miriam Adelia Con- S. 712. A bill for the relief of William R. (Rept. No. 121). stantia (nee West). Jackson (Rept. No. 100); _ By Mr. MARTIN, from the Committee on A-9567551, Drumo, ;John. S. 846. A bill for the relief of Charles An­ Public Works: A-7539105, Du, Darfoon. thony Desotell (Rept. No. 101); S. 1041. A bill to abolish the United States A-4553433, Dutchak, Semen Nico~. alias S. 853. A bill for the relief of Jacqueline Commission for the Construction of a Wash­ Sam Nicol Dutchak and Frank Hoffman. Sue Lawn (Akemi Inoue) (Rept. No. 102); ington-Lincoln Memorial Gettysburg Boule­ A-7249128, Eerenberg, Grietje (nee Hui- S. 954. A bill for the relief of Robert Har­ vard; without amendment (Rept. No. 122). zenga>. old Wall (Rept. No. 103); A-7203900, Eerenberg, Johannes. S. 1039. A bill for the relief of Mr. and Mrs. A-5860280, Ehlert, Antone Frederick. Lucille Grassi (Rept. No. 104); and SUSPENSION OF DEPORTATION OF A-662604~. Eleazarian, Anahide Boudjl- s. J. Res: 57. Joint resolution to extend un­ CERTAIN ALIENS-REPORT OF A kanian. til July 1, 1953, the time limitation upon the A-8039483, Felix-Avila, Pedro or Juan effectiveness o! certain statutory provisions COMMITTEE Sanchez. which but for such time limitation would be Mr. LANGER. Mr. President, from the A-7023558, Fernandez-Parada, Consuela in effect until 6 months after the termina­ Committee on the Judiciary, I report an Armida. tion of the national emergency proclaimed original concurrent.resolution relating to A-7457597, Fleischner, Kurt. on December 16, 1950 (Rept. No. 110). A-6989467, Flares-Limon, Macario. By Mr. LANGER, from the· Committee on the suspension of deportation of cer­ A-7983045, Forbes, Verna Heredia. the Judiciary, with an amendment: tain aliens, and I submit a report

A-2414442, Schaffer, Ludwig or Louis .John A-:523314:0, Gonzalez-Vela," Manuel. A~002100, Smith, Conrad Arthur. Schaffer. · · A-5352453, Grasso, Joseph. A-8010661, Smith, Inez Beatrice. A-5693325, Shaw, Gilbert Henry. A-4359194, Grenier, Marie Jeanne (nee· A--663194'7, Soroko, Haim. A-5693329, Shaw, Edward Meredith. Beauchemin) • A-6544316, Standaart, Johanna Marga­ A-7197890, Shuster, David Abram. · A-6482237, Grlffi.ths, Ada Agnes. retha. A-7197892, Shuster, Ida (nee Rubin). A--6482236, Griffi.ths, Thomas Littleton, Jr. A-6611877, Steffen, Marie Elizabeth (nee A-9765543, Springvloed, Arnold or Arnoldus - A--6482235, Griffi.ths~ John Scott Randolph. Weber), formerly Czekalla or Elsie Stetfah. Springvloed or Springbloed. A-7435313, Grossholz, Iris. . A-7111334, Stiers, Dorothy (nee Bok Ye A-4024200, Steinbrecher, ·Eduard Georg or · A-7435314, Grossholz, Heidemarle. Pak). . George Edward Steinbrecher or Edward or A-7189146, Guccione, Matteo. A--6816811, Stout, Maria Grazia Russo (nee Eduard Steinbrecher. . A-4066587, Gugliotta, Michael .Guiseppe or Maria Grazia Russo) . A-6449231, Stephanidis, Dean Constantine Michele Guiseppe Gugliotta. A-6245757, Strat, Athena. John. A-5967979, Gumbs, Joseph Nathaniel. A-7065645, Sun, Lee Wing. A-5015878, Ticehurst, Katherine Elizabeth A-6549358, Hallas, Mary Lillian. A-7065635, Quong, Lee Wing. (nee McLellan). A-1577231, Harlan, Doris May. A-3092016, Tachibana, Iku. A-3161661, Tsarnas, Stephanos Emanuel. A-7043770, Harrigan, Cecil Cleve. A-4641933, Takakuwa, Yayol. A-6275119, Valdovino-Navarro, Francisco. A-4347545, Haskakis, William or Basillos A-7606771, Tiber, Erwin or Ervin Tiber. A-5320950, Welch, Cecil Carlisle. Haskakis. · A-7178010, Torielli, Giovanni Francesco or A-7445720, Wen, Shao Lien or Shao Hsiung. V-661046, Heong, Kwal Ting alias May Jeames Franklin Hibes. A-~560215, Wong, Shi Ching or Wong Shi Kwai or Ting Heung Kwal. A-6250841, Torrez, Andrew or Andres Ching. · V-1078972, Hiatt, Clemintina Bedoy. Torres. A-4491534, Yee, Cora Sue Moy (nee Moy or A-7999538, Hoover, George Melvin. A-6887100, Triantafi.llis, Spero or Splros Moy Su Wah or Su Wah Moy or Cora Sue A-3683690, Hoskinson, Bertha Rosalie or Triantafilliou. • Moy). Berta Tiant de Munoz or Bertha Rosalie A-3848578,' Tsl, Tsu Sih. A-9836629, Zvans, Carl or Karlis Zvans or Tiant Y Rodriguez or Bertha Nonoz or Bertha A-5889279, Tutcher, Margaretta May (nee • Karl Zvans. Tyndall. Kline). A-7140102, Acosta, Gregorio or Gregorio A--6896031, Hyder, Yvonne G. (nee Had- A-7616390, Vinyets, Antonio Rojas or An­ Acosta Rodriguez. dad). tonio Vinyets. A-7140088, Carreon, Maria Mercedes or A-8014950, Industrious, Valentine. A--6770010, Vinyets, Virginia (nee Moran) Maria Mercedes Carreon De Acosta. A- 5782508, Industrious, May Louise. or Virginia Maria Del Pilar Moran Sierra A-5804142, Afentakis, Konstantinos D. A-5438893, Itzkovitz, Evelyn Eve (nee Vinyets. A-344460, Antoneff, Spass or Spass Schnaier). A-5170833, Webber, Katherine Rose (nee Anthony or Stanley Anthony. A-4889195, Jakush, Alexander. Kehoe) . . A-5444895, Avramides, Clearchos Hercules. 56263/630, Karavasilis, Michalis or Ghat­ A-80789:10, Williams, George Ashbourne or A-7962226, Ayo-Guanilo, Gabriel or Gabriel zimichalis or Hajimihalis or Hatsimihalis George Ashbourn Williams or Ashburn Wil­ Ayo or Lucio Gabriel Ayo-Guanilo. alias Demetrius or James Hajimihalis or liams ~r George Williams or George A. Wil­ A-3798195, Balsamo, Raffaele or Ralph Bal­ Hatsimihalis. liams. sano. A-4133211, Kellman, John Reuben or Oscar A-6624332, Williams, Jack James. A-5930326, Barry, Violet Marie. Herbert. A-5971748, Williams, Vernon Qeorge. A--6062967, Bateman, Florence Liliam for­ A-7983188, King, Albertha. A--6541785, Williams, Inez. merly Florence Lilian Cunningham. A-1719615, King, Ordenia Gwyndhor (nee A-7863864, Woo, Sun Nam. V-941386, Bertucci, Primo. Garrold). A-5149798, Wundt, Mlrdza Agnesa (nee A-1743346, Borina, Nadina Grigorieva or A- 7849694, Lay, Joachim Ellery. Zlrnis or Jackel or Gackel). Nadina Roman Grigorieva Borina or Nadina A-7356719, Lee, Yue Chang or Yue Lee. A-3570617, Yee, June or John Yee. Roman Bakaleinikoff. A-5971755, Leonard. Alice Olivia. A-4827.305, Zimmerman, Hazel Johanna A-5693328, Bradley, Edith May (nee Shaw). A-5921673, Lettsome, Anita (nee Venzen). (nee Ryan). A-7049692, Brewster, Adelia Keturah. A-7802509, Lettsome, Norris Alexander. A-6630018, Agnello, Elda Naomi (nee A-7841167, Castillo, Ana Elvia nee Leon- A- 3565855, Lewis, Rene Rose. Pedrazzoli). Martinez. A--6450121, Liang, Daisy Yu Ching Liu, for- A-1269810, Ala'ir Hershmat or Hechmat A-8014959, Christian, Ethel Virginia. merly Yu Ching Liu. Alai or Heshmat. Husain-AU'i or· Hesmat A--6399522, Cooper, Josefa Artiles or Josefa A-6271439, Liang, Ta. Alai. Artiles or Josefa Artiles Vasquez. A-741'5647, Lois, Ramon Novas. A-64()!>786,. Alexander, Neville Garfield alias A-7251660, Crivello, Anna (nee San Filip- A-4482881, Lucchino, Antonio. Neville Wilson. po). A-6982455, Magas, Venetia Andre (nee A-5886885, Alexay, Mary Krlzsan or Mary V-934834, CUtino, Caterina Sansbne. Fragoyiannopoulou). Krizsan. A-4025239, De Castro, Erilda Agatha. A-4937264, Malandruccolo, Michele L. ~r A-6650760', Alquizola, Pia C. (nee Pia Ca­ A-6476416, de Hoyos-Torres, Enrique or · Mike Malandruccolo. ballero). Henry de Hoyos. A-809L720, Arney, George Wallace. A-7702320, de Mederios, Agnelo.Clementino: A-4276678, Marohnich, Anton. A-2578212, Mazzilli, Giuseppe. A-6609666, Anastopoulos, Vasilios Pana­ A--6937351, Dertien, Maartje (nee Sleutel). A-6205358, Mcilvain, Pilar Tobias. giotis alias Basil P. Anastopoulos. A-6660658, De Soto, Maria Salazar. . A-3765515, Anderson, Frank Ezediel. A-1162399, De Velasquez, Natividad Lopez A-5067380, Mirbach, Wilbelm Joseph or William Joseph Mlrbach. A-6043095, Anderson, George Ruthven or (nee Natividad Lopez). Boysie (nickname) or Monte Cristo (State A-5101863, .Di Giorgio, Domenico or Clagio A-1631832, Nash, Frank Jesse alias Frank name). Jesse Naish. Bennardo. A-4381407, Andrichik, John or John Andrl­ A-7057985, Diorio, Mary Carmela. A-8117351, Navarro-Lozano, Rafael. chick. A-9535114, Do Nascimento, Joaquim or A-3851086, Neave, Dorothy Kathleen (nee A-5456402, Arpe, Carl Johannes Adolf Wil­ Joaquin Do Nacimento or Joaquin De Smith). helm or Carl William. Arpe. Nascimento. A--6492284, Nicolas, Jolita Qulmangan alias . A-4933624, Barbieri, Leonardo Antonio or A-7178251, Dounias, Garifalitas .or Gari- Felipa Salbosa Laforga. Leon Barber. falitea, or Garifalia (nee Trango). A- 3432011, Nilsen, Alfred Edwart Martin. A-7809752, Bastian, Gladys Elaine. A-8001797, Erkus, Ali Orhan. A- 9607259, Penn, Gibson Alonzo. A-7019831, Gegin, Joseph Real Gaeton. A-8001796, Erkus, Guzide Nesrian. A-5852635, Penn, Ophelia Perlina. A- 5970035, Belanger, Joseph Raymond A-5948745, Fleming, Ina. ·A-5988746, Petersen, Ellen Rebecca. Napoleon or Raymontl Napoleon Belanger or A-7049155, Florio-Macias, Armando. A--6295510, Picciottpli, Josephine Lucy Mattias Bizier. A- 9825449, Fong, Eng Gum. (nee Cuomo). ' A-7140098, Belmontes, Luz or LtJZ Bel• A-5966266, Foy, Rachel Ann. A-2522320, Radoontsoff, John E. montes De Rodriguez or Luz Belmontes De A-8017203, Freeman, Samuel Frederick. A-8102958, Ranck, Gladys Karolyn, for­ Cruz. A-7122091, Freshour, Raimund Haring. merly Kanther formerly Halliday (nee Ma­ A- 6997918, Berindel, George. A-7197981, Gagliarducci, Pacifico. dill). A-6997919, IBePindei, Madeleine Jeanne. A-2346359, Garcia, Felix P. A--6860161, Rodriguez, Otilia Planas Pun­ :A-2418775, Bismann, Georg. A-7978757, Garcia-Hurtardo, Alfonso. eeles (nee otilia Planas Punceles) or otilia A-7863967, Boivin, Patri{)k. A-7903421, Gibbs, Samuel James. Punceles-Planas. A-7991520, Boots, .Habbe or Habbe Doren­ A-8021949, Glass, Anya, formerly Chana · A-8065865, Ronan, Alexander Wallace. busch. Singer. A-5987803, Ronan, Christina. A-4809720,. Burre, Karl Ferdinand. ·A-7995664, Gomez, Jorge. . A-3458654, Ronzakolski~ Wladyslaw or 0608-7520, Cabanzo, Jose Lanza alias Jose A-4827036, Gon, Mary Tom or Mary Quon Walter Rolland.· Cabanzo·. or Jose Lanzas. Yee or Fung Kum or Gow Sheung or Fong ·. A-7967458, Saito, Isaac or Issac. _ A-7520764, Caldwell, Ivan Edwin Lindsay. Dai Muey. A-6178~72, Schermerhorn, Esperanza Ban- A-53'74313, Campima, Francisco. A--6846919, Gonzalez, Genaro. gui. . . A-7589823, Campos, Juana Ampiro. A-6846916, Go~alez, Manuela Herlinda.. A-4847982, Schnaler, Liba. A-5786864, . Caricl1,· Luca. · A--6846917, Gonzalez, Alicia. A-4907048, Schnaier, Louis. A-5402298, Chams, Elizabeth ·Lesley (nee A-6846918, Gonzalez, Ro:J;nan Alfredo. A-J9~0292, Seller, Madeleine Antoinette. Judd). 1958 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE 2143 A-7264168, Champe, Olga Tapavlchky alias A-7283445, MacLeod, Philllpa Beatrice A-7141224, Stoppani, Caridad (nee Tre­ Olga Petrovna Tapavichky. Collins. vejo also known as Caridad Fernandez Tre­ A-9709799, Chen, Chin alias Jen Chin alias A-7483284, Madrell, Robert Scott. vejo Rodriguez). Chun Chan. A-7483285, Madrell, Evelyn Maud. A-7978816, Storrs, Margaret (nee Rush). A-2481534, Cheng, Amber Lieng-Shan. A-5900738, Madura, Lillian Agatha. A-7978815, Storrs, Timothy John. A-7879889, Chiu, Chung Chi alias Franklin A-6576006, Maiorano, Enrico. A-7980305, Storrs, Peter Kip, Jr. Chiu. A-7457248, Maiorano, Barbara. A-5949820, Stramm, George C~rl Bruno. . A--8056959, Chiu, Shang Chun (nee Shang - A-7225043, Man, Fung . A-6610968, Suavage-Gonzalez, Carlos or Chun Shu). A-6365490, Mandamadiotis, Sperios De­ Carlos G. Suavage. A-4641184, Chwalibog, Szyje Zalme now metriou. 0502-6546, Sup, Chong or Chang. known as Joe Burg. · 0301-18521, Manetas, Anthony Demetrios. A-62163.93, Sylvestrowicz, Stefania, for­ A-7712792, Clarke, Israel Edward. A-7025022, Mark, Wee Git, also known as merly Bielawa (nee Wolinska). A-6148907, Coster, Felix. Fred Mark, Jr. A-4368963, Takakuwa, Shujiro. A-2372178, Cruz-Herrera, Tomas Jose. · A--8106254, Markes, Christ Harry, formerly A-4433609, Tanaka, Hiraku or Henry A-1469907, Cruz, Rosalina Reyes De. Christos Markos. Tanaka. A-5059353, Dainoff, Clara or Kraina Dainoff . 1100-25000, Martinez-Flares, Jose, known V-155193, Tebele, Linda (nee Cohen). or Rose Draina Dainoff. as Joseph Florez Martinez. A-1101889, Theodorakis, John. A-6860782, DiMaria, Annunziata. A-1060161, Matancias-Morales, Candelario. A-6963152; Threlfall, Ella Maarit Hyyry- 0900-56713, De Vitis, Filippo or Di Vitis. A-8080689, McDonald, Albertina (nee Fan­ lainen. A-5055163, Del Vescovo, Cosmo. fani). 0803-2303, Torres, Felix. A-7427042, Djakonovs, Alexej. A-1771384, McLeod, Pearl, formerly Venner A-8117373, Torres, Severa Valencia. A-4507723, Economopoulos, Nicholas. (nee Churchill). A-9634774, Tramontano, Francesco or A-4684507, Ellenbogen, Mark or Mike Allen. A-6011826, Mefford, Florence Vivian, for­ Franco or Frank. A-6921739, Esposito, Anthony. merly Bryan (nee Alexandra) • A-5948479, Turnbull, Esme Viola. A-4988318, Falvo, Sebastiana or Sam. . A-7886788, Meijer, Manfred. · A-2682458, Ullah, Walter or Walter All. A-5952820, Galea, Giovanni Baittista. A-5825318, Mendolia, Margarete Sofie or V-6423, Uyehara, Marianna Teiko. A-5439085, Garcia, Reynaldo or Jose Rey- Margarete Jensen. A-5784790, Valdes, Joaquin Munoz or naldo Garcia. A-6057677, Meyers, Blancl}e. Joaquin Munoz. A-9669427, Georgandis, Adamantios. A-5932933, Meyers, Clemencia Dawson. A-7387449, Valentino, Ernesto. A-7858118, Gilbert, Rosa Elvira Salas. A-3285696, Miyashi ta, Katsuyoshi, alias A-3193878, Valeriano, Francesco or Fran- · A-4744989, Gonsalves, Joseph alias Joseph ~. Hirayama. cesco or Frank Vallarino. . Alexander Gonsalves. A-6178929, March, Milan (William), or A-6245147, Venetis, Koula. A-7445900, Gonzalez, Gertrudis Mireles Edward W111iam Sadig:..Alved or I;dward Wil­ A-7222547, Verze, Antonio or Anth~ny alias Gre.,gorio Garza. liam Cecil. Verze. A-5977709, Gonzalez y Soto, Francisca or· A-5645201, Morquecho-Hernande.z, Jose. A-7130589, Villarreal, Margarita Leal. Francisca Gonzales or Francisca G. Patino A-5690083, Morquecho, Angela Ramirez de. A-7046255, Wiazemsky, Pauline Princess or Francisca Vargas. A-4531719, Morris, Stafford Clinton. (nee Pauline Cumbo). A-2320697, Gratsos, Helene. A-2566504, Muentes, Ignacio Rogoberto. A-7046241, Obolensky, Lydia Princess (nee A-7389931, Graziani, Cipriano. A-7222175, Nilssan, Egil Martin. Lydia Cumbo) . A-7457706, Grevas, Efstathia or Eistathia 0807-4942, Olmoz-Andaverde, Amelia, alias 0616-2461, Williams, Melanie Olivia. Grivas. Maria Ulda Gonzalez. A-4004798, Wong, Beatrice or Yuen Choy A-3800537, Grosz, Herman. A-7117819, Papa, Domenico. Kee. A-4958770, Hale-Rodriguez, Carlos. A-6989658, Papazidis, Christos, or Chris A-6317860, Wong, Gordon Patrick or Youe A-4809648, Hamada, Harumatsu. Papazidis. Han Wong. A-4312231, Heimerman, Marjorie (nee Lali- A-6988915, Pardo, Roman Becerra, or Ro­ A-6497638, Wong, Sun Chong or Wang. berte). man Becerra. A-6497641, Lee, Tse Seng. A-7210378, Hellmann, Ilse Anna Adolfine. 1600-05282, Pena-Ceja, Alfonso. _ A-4053840, Wu, Pai Tuan. V-12484, Henriques, Jose Maria, Jr., alias T-1774508, Perera y Suarez, Armando A-3401043, Yow, Jung known as You Jung Joseph or Joe Costa. Elpidio, alias Armando Elpidio Perera. known as Yow Jung. A-6498411, Hernandez de Trejo, Ana Maria. A_:_B057558, Piazzi, Giueseppe Celestino, A-7984804, Zamorano-Garcia, Segundo or A-6498445, Trejo-Bravo, Antonio. alias Joe Turri. Ramon Miramontes or Ramiro Miramontes. A-6498444, Hernandez, Maria Graciela or A-5265022, Poriles, Jennie (nee Bazar). A-6989249, Zani, Cesare or Chester Zani. Graciela Trejo-Hernandez. A-7821700, Portelli, Giuseppe or Joseph. A-9726397, Zawadzki, Witold. A-6498443, Trejo-Hernandez, Ana Maria A-3380724, Prentiss, Annie Catherine (nee V-1462278, Zuder, Jacqueline Ivy (nee Cristina. Delves). Cairns). A-6883852, Herrera-Fidela, Fermin. V-1465729, Prevots, Georgette Marie Louise A-2622696, Zumbo, Paul. A--8015884, Hines, Roy Fitzgerals. or Aston (nee Clerhout). A-5225187, Alexandridi, Alexandrina Maria Thomson. A-7903801, Quiogue, Fr.ancis. or Sandra Alexandridi. A-3309720, Howes, Jorge ,Eugenio. : 1 0616-1568, Rabsatt, Vaneta. A-5305385, Allaer, Alfons Albert. A-6271457, Hsien, Che Cheng. A-7383689, Rathbun, Margaret Annie, for- A-4902610, Allaer, Helena Charlloette (nee A-7419845, Hua, Margaret Pai-Ya alias Mar- merly Howard (nee Sedgman). Va_n Der Haegen). garet Zia. A-4721933, Reimann, Emma Aug11stie. A--1808389, Araujo, Francisco Alexandre or A-5189047, Irvin, George. A-7978828, Richards, Helen Ruth. Francisco Alexandre or Francisco Araujo. A-5903725, James, Elecia Constancia. A-8001777, Richardson, Reuben Johnson. A-4797132, Bonifacic, Gaspar. A-7379701, Jung, Norbert Hermann, known A-5393445, Ringwall, Emil or Konrad Emil A-6845710, Brooks, Newton Alvin or Ru- as Norbert Hermann Kanyer. Ringwall. dolph Crossdale. A-1595698, Kawamoto, Yuji. - A-3641414, Ross, Angus Nicholson. A-8015494, Carboni, Ciro Carlo. A-7084211, Keller, Lieselotte Charlotte. A-8010610, Roza, Socorro Dela (nee Bura- A-4792487, Cassidy, James Joseph. A-6848648, King, Sing. ga). V-939068, Chelini, Giuliano. V-369350, King, Cissie (aka Ng Fung Tsang A-7941746, Rubin, Mihaly. A-7748712, Choy, Alfred Hernando. King) (nee Ng Fung Tsang). A-7189842, Rumfeld, Heinz Albert. A-7983490, De Miranda, Socorro Cardenas 1000-19778, Kipper, Henry John. A-3607555, Sam, Chu Buck or Buclt-Sam or Maria De Socorro Cardenas or Socorro A-4059204, Klimanoff, Vladimir alias Ad­ Chu: Cardenas. olph Piedra or Adolf Piedra. . A-6336122, Shar, Tom Tze or (Mrs.) Buck­ A-5960317, Dona, Mario Antonio or Mario A-6072051, Korbai, Paul Charles alias Pal Sam Chu. Antonio Nandino Dona or Mario Dona or Karoly Korbai. . A-9748289, Santana, Carlos or Carlos San- Dona Mario Antonio. A-6756670, Kostis, Vasilikie alias Vassilikl talia Lojo. A-5856811, Engel, Eira Deryn. Kostis (nee Razis). A-4980723, Sardo, Manuel Ferreita. A-7112023, Estrada, Jose Luis. A-1789925, Krendle, Lily (Lilly) or Lillian 1300-110059, Scopazzi., Albino. A-6881287, Franco, Gonzalo or Gonzalo Crandell. A-6743297, Seqilo Evelyn May, formerly Franco-Acosta. A-9825376, Larina, Manuel Lamela. Evelyn May Hollingum. A-6828807, Getas, Gus Peter or Constan, A-7424881, Lawrence, Dale. A-3483335, Seinberg, Heinrich. tinos Gkitzias. A-7558790, Lawrence, Sandra Jill. A-4750637, Seinberg, Emma. A-6817855, Haddad, ·Alfred or Fred Haddad. A-2020548, Lazaroff, Zaharia (nee . Pop - A-5967454, Shirado, Seishu. . A-4463290, Herrera-Hernandez, Pablo. Thanas). _ . A-7818429, Skouson, Peter James. A-6709361, Hodge, Henrietta Rose (nee A-7903004, Lee, Hing Jeung alias Lee Hing A-66770579, Smith, Henry Hallam. Brown). or Hing Lee. . A-6621142, Spira, Pinchas (ne~ Pinhas - A-2626026, Holter, Anna Josephine. A-6165966, Linares, Bruno. Shapiro). . A-4678190, Krute, Fritz Heinrich. A-6474925, Lopez, Salvador Calvillo. A-3598815, Steiner, Elizabeth Bessie. A-5237120, Krute, Anna Sophie. A-4065628, Lucin, Bozo or Bob Lucln or · A-5964203, Stenzel, William. A-3449747, Lahika.inen, Otto o:r Henry Bozo Nicholas Lucin. A-7279651, Stern, Eva Stepanek. Johnson. · · · · XCIX--135 2144 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE MARCH 2D A-7941123, Lew, Suey Sen or Robert Lew (See the remarks of Mr. LANGER when he on national forest land in Arizona to the or Lew Wo Ching or Lew Suey Sen. introduced the last above-mentioned bill, Salt River Valley Water Users Association, A-3361379, Lopez, Serafim or Rafael Serafin which appear under a separate heading.) and for other purposes; to the Committee on Lopez Raja. . By Mr. GILLETTE: Agriculture and Forestry. Ar-6597443, Mcilrath, Elena Dolores (nee S. 1386. A bill to amend section 2 of the By Mr. SMITH of North Carolina: Ortiz-Milord). Commodity Exchange Act, as amended, re­ S. 1400. A bill to permit the Secretary of A-4160485, .,Moreno-Sanchez, Refugio. lating to the meaning of the word "com­ Agriculture to release the r.eversionary rights A-6923176, Nguyen, Nguyen Thanh. modity"; to the Committee on Agriculture of the United States in and to a tract of land A-6849421, Nguyen, Li Thi or Thi Ly Phan. and Forestry. located in Wake County, N. C.; to the Com­ A-7858019, Novella, Daniel Palma. (See the remarks of Mr. GILLETTE when mittee on Agriculture and Forestry. 160G-99778, Ochoa-Ochoa, Robert or Ro- he introduced the above bill, which appear By Mr. TOBEY (by request): berto Ochoa-Ochoa: under a separate heading.) · S. 1401.. A bill to authorize the Interstate A-7740671, Ozamis-Ormaechea, Domingo. By Mr. BUSH: ' Commerce Commission to require carriers A-7079629, Papayannacos, Stylianos. S. 1387. A bill for the relief of Beth Bar­ engaged in interstate commerce by railroad A-4864916, Pelayo, Soledad Garcia (nee bara Burpee (Fujiko Maezawa); to the Com­ to install power brakes which comply with Soledad Garcia Albarracin). mittee on the Judiciary. specifications and requirements prescribed A-1732177. Petak, Irma or Emma. By Mr. HENNINGS (for Mr. CLEM· by the Commission and to prescribe rules, A-6268920, Preen, Brian Norman. ENTS): standards, and instructions for the installa­ A-6288190, Prenn, Harold Norman. S. 1388. A bill to authorize the Secretary tion, inspection, maintenance, and repair of A-6268921, Preen, Kate Helen or Kate Ellen of Agriculture to make loans to farmers and such power brakes; and Haferkorn. stockmen for agricultural purposes in any S. 1402. A bill to amend the Air Commerce . A-2308244, Raimo, Gennaro. area or region where he finds that an eco­ Act of 1926, as amended, to authorize navi­ A-7984830, Ramirez, Victoria Orozco or nomic emergency has caused a need for gation of foreign, nontransport, civil air­ Victoria Orozco. agricultural credit not readily available from craft in the United States through reciprocity A-5582943, Roblejo-Rober, Jose Celedonio commercial banks, cooperative lending agen­ and under regulations of the Civil Aero­ or Charlie Molina or Joseph Roblejo. cies, or other responsible sources; to the nautics Board; to the Committee on Inter­ A-6833430, Rodrigue~. Miguel Flores or Committee on Agriculture and Forestry. state and Foreign Commerce. Miguel Flores or Miguel Angel Flores. (See the remarks of Mr. HENNINGS when By Mr. BEALL: A-7298526, Rumi, Amalia Julianna (nee he introduced the above bill, which appear S. 1403. A bill to authorize the Public Mezei). under a separate heading.) Utilities Commission of the District of · A-7019158, Saunders, Joan. By Mr. COOPER: Columbia to regulate and condition the dec­ A-4456942, Schillaci, Angelina. S. 1389. A bill for the relief of Ami Hanada laration and payment of dividends by pub­ A-4456944, Schillaci, Philip. (Margaret Ami ·McClung); lic utilities in the District of Columbia; and A-4946941, Schintu; Guiseppe Salvatore S. 1390. A bill for the relief of Ann Marie S. 1404. A bill to adjust the salaries of or Joseph Schintu or Joseph or Guiseppe Longworth and John Francis Longworth; officers ·and members of the Met:;opolitan Salvatore Pinna or JosephS. Pinna. and · Police .Force, the United States Park Police, A-4585065, Schultz, Senior, Martin. S. 1391. A bill for the relief of Anna Bosco the White House Police, and the Fire Depart­ A-1718311, Sergei, Jacob or Jack Sergei or Lomonaco; to the Committee on the Judi· ment of the District of Columbia, and for Jacob or Jack Shergei. ciary. other purposes; to the Committee on the A-5166619, Shuell, Michael Elmer. By Mr. THYE: District of Columbia. A-7991978, Sitaras, Byron John or Viron S. 1392. A bill to amend the Social Secu­ By. Mr. MALONE: Sitaras. rity Act to permit the earning of $1,200- S. 1405. A bill to amend certain provisions A-9509086, Tarkowski, Franciszek or Frank· in wages .in a year withoutloss of.old-age and of the National · Service Life Insurance Act Tarkowski. survivors insurance benefits, and to increase of 1940, as amended, to assure the right to A-4553895, Thompson, Susannah (nee from $900 to $1,200 the amount of net earn­ judicial review; Wylie). ings from self-employment which may be S. 1406. A bill to revise the basis for cer­ A-6989243, Trotman, Vivian Estelle or received in a year without·loss of such bene­ tain disability compensation awards; and Vivian Estella Webbe-Mary Estella Meade­ fits; to the Committee on Fii?-ance. Mary. By Mr. CASE (by request) : S. 1407. A bill to restore the right of cer­ V-38960, Valenti, Giuseppina or Giuseppa S. 1393. A bill to amend the District of tain veterans to apply for insurance; to the Valenti (nee Pagano). Columbia Te,achers' Leave Act of 1949; to' the Committee on Finance. 1209-9337, Walter, Frank Edy or Frank E. Committee on the District of Columbia. (See the remarks of Mr. MALONE when he Ruhl or Frank Edy Foster. By Mr. DIRKSEN: introduced the above bills, which appear A-4625481, Wechsler, Irene (nee Fischer or S. 1394. A bill for the relief of Yolanda under a separate heading.) Rosalia. (Rosa) Perlstein). M. Caruso; and By Mr. MAGNUSON: A-6755973, Wein, Wu Big or Wu Big Woon S. 1395. A bill for the relief of Manasseh S. 1408. A bill to amend section 22 of tlle or Mrs. Mark Chong. Moses Manoukian, Elize Manoukian, nee Agricultural Adjustment Act, to strengthen A-4083830, Westphal, Frank or Franz Theo- Kardzair, Socrat Manoukian, also known as its provisions providing for the imposition dore August Westphal. Socrates Manoukian; to the Committee on of import quotas on agricultural commodi­ A-5359781, Vergottis, George C. the Judiciary. ties when imports of such commodities tend A-4674944, Vergottis, Mary G. By Mr. JOHNSON of Colorado: to interfere with price support or other pro­ 030G-260344, . Dehkan, Afsar. S. 1396. A bill to authorize the adoption grams administered by the Department of A-6381363, Dehkan, Abdul or Abdul Rus­ of certain rules with respect to the broad­ Agriculture, to transfer its administration sian Dehkan. casting or telecasting of professional base­ from the United States Department of Agri­ A-5975666, Loukatos, Evangelos Kosmas. ball exhibitions in interstate commerce, and culture; and for other purposes; to the Com­ A-2320696, Gratsos, Constantin George. for other purposes; to the Committee on mittee on Agriculture and Forestry. Interstate and Foreign Commerce. By Mrs. SMITH of Maine (by request): (See the remarks of Mr. JOHNSON of Colo­ S. 1409. A bill to prohibit the transmittal BILLS INTRODUCED rado when he introduced the above bill, of communistic propaganda matter in the Bills were introduced, read the first which appear under a separate heading.) United States mails or in interstate com­ By Mr. JOHNSON of Colorado (for merce for circulation or use in publio time, and, by unanimous consent, the himself and Mr. MILLIKIN}; schools; to the COmmittee on Post Office and second time, and referred as follows: S. 1397. A bill to clarify the status of min­ Civil Service. By Mr. AIKEN: Ing claims in areas held under an oil ·and By Mr. CAPEHART (for himself and S. 1381. A bill to amend the Agricultural gas prospecting _permit or lease and to en­ Mr. BusH): Act of 1949; to the Committee on Agricul~ courage the exploration and development of S. 1410. A bill to amend section 9 of the ture. and Forestry. :fissionable source minerals; to the Commit­ Rubber Act of 1948; to the Committee on By Mr. SALTONSTALL: tee on Interior and Insular Affairs. Banking and Currency. S. 1382. A blll for the relief of Elie Joseph By Mr. MILLIKIN (for himself, Mr. By Mr. SPARKMAN: Hakim and family; and CARLSON, Mr. JOHNSTON of South S. 1411. A bill to amend the Federal Crop S. 1383 (by request). A bill for the relief Carolina, and Mr. JOHNSON of Colo- Insurance Act; to the Committee on Agricul­ of Leonardo Bertolino; to the Committee on rado): · ture and Forestry. the Judiciary. S. 1398. A b1ll to authorize and direct the (See the remarks of Mr. SPARKMAN when . By Mr. LANGER: Civil Service Commission to make a study of he introduced the above bill, which appear S. 1384. A bill for the relief of the Bracey- the classification of, and rates of basic com­ under a separate heading.) W-elsh Co., Inc.; and . pensation payable witn respect to technical, By Mr. McCARRAN: S. 1385. A bill to amend section 1114 of scientific, and engineering positions in the S. 1412. A bill to establish a national nat­ title 18, United States Code, so as to ex­ classified civil service; to the Committee on ural resources policy; to create a Natural Re­ tend its protection to postmasters, omcers, Post Office and Civil Service. sources Council; to provide for a natural re­ and employees of the field service of the By Mr. HAYDEN: sources inventory; and for other purposes; to Post 01Hpe Department; to the Committee S. 1399. A bill to authorize the Secretary the Committee on Interior and Insular Af­ on the Judiciary. of Agriculture to sell certain improvements fairs. 1953 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 2145 AMENDMENT OF . SECTION ' ' 1114, September 27, 1951: Foreman at New York official duties, and under the existing sec­ TITLE 18, UNITED _STATES CODE, assaulted by temporary mail handler. No tion 111 of title 18, United States Code, it information on disposal. would then be a Federal oifense to assault RELATING TO CRIMES AND CRIM­ October 8, 1951: Foreman at New York or intimidate them under the same circum­ INAL PROCEDURES-PROTECTION . assaulted by temporary mail handler. No stances. OF CERTAIN POSTAL EMPLOYEES information on disposal. The fact that an assault on postal per­ In two instances at New York, post office sonnel would constitute a Federal oifense Mr. LANGER. Mr. President. I in- inspectors have taken assault cases to the would surely deter many hot-tempered em­ troduce for appropriate reference a bill _ United States district attorney, who would ployees or persons from committing assaults to amend section 1114 of title 18, United not consider either case because the Federal because of grudge or ill-feeling caused by States Code, so as to extend its protec­ statutes do not cover postal employees. In official acts of postal personnel, which anger tion to postmasters, officers, and em­ other cases, local police have declined to them. make arrests because the assaults occurred J. V. HoRToN, ployees of the field service of the Post on Federal property. Office Department. I ask unanimous Legislative Representative, National So long as assaults -<>f this kind on postal Association of Postal Supervisors. consent that the bill, together with a employees, on or oif Federal property, "are not memoranda from the National Associa­ Federal oifenses, unruly employees or private tion of Postal Supervisors, Washington, individuals know that the worst that can COFFEE PRICES D. C., signed by J. V. Horton, legislative happen to t.l;lem is the loss of their job, dis­ representative, be printed in the RECORD. gruntled employees or former employees of Mr. GILLETTE. Mr. President, in a low type who resent supervision or instruc­ connection with the introduction of a The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem­ tions will continue to try to manhandle a pore. The bill will be received and ap­ supervisor who tries to make them work. bill, I ask unanimous consent to proceed propriately referred; and, without ob­ Certainly there should be some protection to for 2 minutes. jection, the bill and memoranda will be a supervisor or other employee who is doing The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem­ printed in the RECORD. his duty. pore. Is there objection? The Chair The bill articularly supervisors, have been ment of the Interior designated by the Sec­ had marked up its wholesale price by assaulted, both on and oif duty, by obstreper­ retary of Agriculture ·or the Secretary of the 5 cents a pound. Other companies are Interior to enforce -any act of Congress for obviously going to do likewise, since ous employees or other individuals because the .protection, preservation, or restoration of grudges or ill feeling resulting from per­ green coffee prices on the exchange are formance of duty. During recent years, es­ of game and other wild birds and animals, any officer or employee of the National Park steadily increasing, and the roasters, pecially the past year in which all new wholesalers, and retailers will have to employees have come in on a temporary Service, any officer or employee of, or as­ basis, most of them without civil service ex­ signed to duty in, the Field Service of the follow suit. amination, many persons of an unusually Division of Grazing of the Department of It is clear from news reaching me low type have been employed as laborers the Interior, any employee of the Bureau of from all parts of the country tha.t the and mail handlers, clerks and carriers, and Animal Industry of the Department of Agri­ housewife is going to have to pay a con­ cases of assault by them on their supervisors culture, or any officer or employee of the siderably higher retail price for coffee have become too frequent. Several such Indian Field Service of the United States, while engaged in the performance of his hereafter than she has been paying in cases which have come to attention are: official duties, or on account of the perform­ recent months-and even under· controls J anuary 22, 1946: Foreman at Chicago as­ ance of his official duties, shall be punished coffee prices were exorbitantly high, saulted by a temporary war-service substi­ as provided under sections 1111 and 1112 One telegram from a gentleman in New tute. Reported .to Department. No action. of this title." Sub qropped on January 28, 1946. York told me that if I did not do some­ Section 111, title 18, now reads: thing to stop it, retail prices per pound June 4, 1947: Foreman at Chicago as­ "SEc. 111. Assaulting, resisting, or imped­ saulted by substitute mail handler. Re­ ing .certain officers or employees. of coffee would go up as much as 16 ported to police, who arrested culprit. No "Whoever forcibly assaults, resists, op­ or 20 cents. I have to inform him that record of disposal. poses, impedes, intimidates, or interferes I do not know what I or any other in­ August 15, 1950: Foreman at Chicago as­ with any person designated in section 1114 dividual Senator can do other than to saulted by substitute mail handler, who was of this title while engaged in or on account set forth the facts as they are. arrested by police next day _and fined $10. of the performance of his official duties, shall I do not wish to take issue with the No other information. be fined not more than $5,000 or imprisoned J anuary 10, 1951: Foreman at New York not more than 3 years, or both. decision to lift controls on prices. That assaulted by substitute clerk, who was later "Whoever, in the commission of any such is a policy decision which the Eisenhower arrested by police, but no information of acts used a deadly or dangerous weapon, administration has made with respect disposal. Foreman hospitalized. shall be fined not more than $10,000 or im­ to all commodities· and products, and, J anuary 27, 1951: Foreman at New York prisoned not more than 10 years, or both." of course, coffee could not logically be assaulted by temporary mail handler. No When amended as in the attached pro­ the only exception. This is a policy de­ information on disposal. posed bill, section 1114 of title 18, United cision which the American people will January 27, 1951: Foreman at New York States Code, would make it a Federal of­ assaulted by temporary mail handler. No fense to kill a postmaster, officer, or employee approve or disapprove, depending large­ information on disposal. Foreman treated at in the postal field service while engaged ly on what happens to the prices of the medical unit. in or on accou~t of th~ perform!l-nce of his things they have to buy. 2146 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD= SENATE March 20

THE GREAT SPECULATIVE RAID OF 1949 any appropriate action under the anti­ Senator ·from Kentucky concerning the With respect to coffee, however, it trust laws. The Justice Department bill. would seem likely that consumers are failed to act on this recommendation. The t\CTING PRESIDENT pro tem­ not going to applaud. But they would Then, seeking to curb the undesirable pore. The bill will be received and ap­ have much less reason for disapproval if speculation existing in coffee futures, we propriately referred; and, without objec­ the level of coffee prices under OPS con­ urged that the revenue laws of the tion, the statement will be printed in the trol had been unconscionably high when United States be amended so as to place RECORD. controls were originally imposed-un­ a tax on profits made by foreign inter­ The bill an­ THE SUBCOMMITTEE' S RECOMMENDATIONS and has been excused by unanimous don their farmlands and homes because What were some of the key recommen­ consent from attendance at this session· they didn't have enough of a financial stake dations of our report? One of them of the Senate, I introduce for appro­ to replant a flooded crop or to import hay for , was that legislation be promptly enacted drought-stricken animal herds. The farmers priate reference a bill to authorize the . who were hit by the unusually widespread· to place trading in coffee under the Com­ Secretary of Agriculture to make loans drought of last summer and fall know the modity Exchange Act. To accomplish to farmers and stockmen for agricul­ value of this program. this I had introduced S. 3577 on May 12, tural purposes in any area or region This money, too, is repaid with interest, 1950. This bill, I regret to say, died in where he finds that an economic emer­ and the congressional authorizations for it committee. When I have finished my gency has caused a need for agricultural have been some of the best investments ever remarks, I intend to reintroduce the credit not readily available from~ com­ made in the productive future of a country. same bill again today. merCial banks, cooperative lending agen­ But this disaster credit is available only for disasters of nature-it is not authorized We further recommended that the · cies, or other responsible sources. for purely economic disasters. The distinc­ Attorney General investigate the sales In connection with the bill, I ask tion between the two types of adversities and storage practices of foreign coffee unanimous consent to have printed in: is strictly theoretical, of course, to a farni interests in the United States and take · the RECORD a statement prepared by the family which has been hit by either. It 1953 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATR 2147 doesn't matter to a farmer whether he needs recognized. The Chair would suggest matter ·of having printed the reports of a little assistance because of a flood or be­ that the Senate is still proceeding under the Subcommittee on Federal Manpower cause the bottom dropped out of cattle the morning hour. If the Senate could prices before it was time for him to market Policies of the Committee on Post Office his beef. The impact on him, and the con­ first conclude the morning hour the and Civil Service. At that time the ma­ sequence to the entire economy, is equally Chair would be very happy to recognize jority leader asked that the request be severe in either case. The problem is to Senators who seek recognition in con­ deferred and that no action on it be fashion our credit resources so that 1hey can' nection with other matters. taken until today. I am informed by be applied soundly in any kind of situation. Mr. TAFT. Mr. President, I have the majority leader that he does not It seems to me, that there is a gap in our stated before, and perhaps I should state object to the printing of the reports. credit system which makes it difficult, if not impossible, to assist the farmer who has again, that I shall adhere to the. rule of Mr. TAFT. Mr. President, I have no been struck by economic disaster. I am not objecting to any speeches of more than objection. · talking about a general economic slump, or 2 minutes duiing the morning hour. If Mr. JOHNSTON of South Carolina. about the normal operation of the ·price any Senator wishes to make a 2-minute I renew the request that the reports be support program, but· I am talking about statement I shall not object; that will be printed. economic adversities suffered by farmers in perfectly satisfactory to me, but other­ The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem­ a specific market condition. wise I believe we should first conclude pore. Is there objection to the request Nor am I talking about charity. "I:he the business of the morning hour. of the Senator from South Carolina? farmer in this kind of situation wants to re­ pay his help, but he does need the help and Mr. JOHNSON of Colorado. Does the The Chair hears none, and it is so he needs it at reasonable terms which can Senator's statement apply to a speech ordered. be repaid. He will thank his country many about a bill that has been introduced? The reports which were ordered to be times, if he can be extended a line of credit Mr. TAFT. That is correct. Any bill printed are as follows: that will enable him to become again a that cannot be discussed in 2 minutes Effect of Personnel Office Staffing Ratios on productive citizen, growing crops on his cannot be much of a bill. [Laughter.] Manpower Utilization (S. Doc. No. 28); land. Personnel Investigations of Employees and To fill this gap, I am introducing a bill to Applicants for Employment in the Executive reestablish in the Department of Agriculture JOINT COMMJ;TI'EE TO STUDY Branch of the Government for Loyalty, Suit­ the authority formerly vested in the Re­ HIGHWAY FINANCING, USE, AND ability, and Security (S. Doc. No. 29); gional Agricultural Credit Corporation. I do Military Personnel in Civilian Occupations this in the hope that other legislators and SAFETY (S. Doc. No. 30); · that various farm leaders will give it care­ Mr. CASE ; until the market firms up, but they simply resentatives concurring), That a joint com­ Administration of the Cl&ssification Act of cannot find the credit necessary to hold mittee shall be appointed, composed of five 1949 and the Compensation Process Estab· their animals. Members of the Senate to be designated by lished by the Act (with 1llustrations) The general drought has made feed sup­ the chairman of the Senate Committee on (S. Doc. No. 34); plies so scarce and so high, in most instances, Public Works, and five Members of the Analysis of the Whitten Amendment (with that the line of credit originally extended House to be designated by the chairman of an illustration) (S. Doc. No. 35); many cattle farmers has run out before the House Committee on Public Works, and Improving the Federal Administrative either the creditor or debtor thought it said joint committee is hereby authorized Management Program (with illustrations) would. Neither man wants the loan called and directed to inquire into the methods (S. Doc. No. 36); and in, but it is only natural that a slump in the currently used and the sources from which · Personnel Recruitment and Employment market requires some such action in inclivid­ funds are now provided for financing high­ Practices in the Federal Government (with ual cases. My proposal is to bolster the way construction, maintenance, and opera­ 1llustrations) (S. Doc. No. 37). situation, and prevent one from arising in tion as now authorized by Federal, State. the future, by having Congress and the De­ and local laws, practices, and procedures, partment ready to stand back of farmers including toll roads and an appraisal of the NOTICE OF HEARING ON PROPOSED caught in such a condition. adequacy or inadequacy of ·present financ­ Like the other credit programs which have LEGISLATION RELATING TO THE ing to meet the highway needs of the pub­ JUDICIARY made this country so· productive, I believe lic, national defense, and safety, and to that this one would be a wise and sound in­ report its findings thereon with recommen­ Mr. WELKER. Mr. President, on be­ vestment in our future. dations to the Congress at the earliest prac­ half of the Special Subcommittee on ticable date, and for this purpose said com­ Improvements in the Federal Criminal mittee is hereby authorized by subcommit­ BROADCASTING OR TELEVISING OF Code of the Committee on the Judi­ tee or otherwise to sit during the sessions or ciary, I desire to give notice that a pub· PRGFESSIONAL BASEBALL EXHI­ recesses of the Congress, at such times and lie hearing has been scheduled for Tues­ BITIONS places as it may deem advisable, to send for persons and papers, to administer oaths, to day, March 24, 1953, at 10 a. m., in room Mr. JOHNSON of Colorado. Mr. Pres­ summon and compel the attendance of wit­ 424, Senate Office Building, on S. 637, ident, I introduce a bill and ask that 1t nesses, and to employ such clerical, steno- to prohibit former officers and em­ be appropriately referred. . graphic, and expert assistance as shall be ployees of the United States from acting The bill

A SOCIALIST AsSAULT Is TURNED BACK The Chief Clerk read the nomination 'THE KAMCHATKA AIRPLANE In its opinion Monday upholding the Fed­ of Henry C. Bruton for temporary pro­ INCIDENT eral Power Commission in granting a fran­ motion to the grade of rear admiral in chise to the Virginia Electric Power Co. the line and staff corps, subject to quali­ Mr. JOHNSON of Colorado obtained to build a dam at Roanoke Rapids, the Su­ fications therefor as provided by law. the floor. preme Court turned back one of the most Mr. FLANDERS. Mr. President, will determined assaults made on private enter­ The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem­ the Senator from Colorado yield for 3¥2 prise by a department of Government that pore. Without objection, as in executive minutes? had become heavily loaded with socialism. session, the nomination is confirmed. Mr. JOHNSON. I shall be glad to The Department of the Interior under yield provided I do not lose the floor. Oscar Chapman had made an issue of the DEPARTMENT OF STATE The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem­ Roanoke Rapids Dam. The Federal Power pore. Is there objection? The Chair Commission had already granted the private Mr. TAFT. Mr. President, I also ask power company the franchise to build it, hears none, and the Senator from Ver­ but the Department stepped in and chal­ unanimous consent that, as in executive mont may proceed. lenged this franchise on the flimsy ground session, the nomination of Robert D. Mr. FLANDERS. Mr. President, on that the shallow, sluggish Roanoke River Murphy, to be an Assistant Secretary of three occasions within the last few days was a navigable stream. Above Roanoke State, be considered and confirmed. allied planes have been fired on by Rus­ Rapids it will hardly float anything bigger The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem­ sian or satellite fighters. The incident than a rowboat. pore. The clerk will state the nomina­ on the Czechoslovakian border was an It should be noted that Congress never tion. authorized the Government to build a dam aggravated one, since .our plane was at this. point. It was not a contest, there­ The Chief Clerk read the nomination apparently fired on by a jet fighter which fore, on whether the dam should be built of Robert D. Murphy to be an Assistant had crossed the border from Czechoslo­ with public or private funds. Interior was Secretary of State. vakia. Our plane it will be remembered, simply trying to prevent a private company The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem­ was brought down, but the pilot escaped from building it. pore. Without objection, as in executive injury. We are very properly changing The reason was that the Army had drawn session, the nomination is confirmed. our practice on this border. Instead of up tentative plans listing flood-control proj­ Mr. TAFT. Mi._ President, I ask unan­ ects on practically every important stream patrolling it with single obsolete fighters, in the country, including the Roanoke imous consent that the President be noti­ we are using a detachment of F-86 River. This report was "approved" in the fied of the confirmations. Sabres. flood control act of 1944, but none of the The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem­ The second incident was the shooting projects was authorized. pore. The President will be notified of down, with the loss of life of the occu­ Interior contended that "approved" meant both confirmations. pants, of a British transport plane flying "authorized," and that was the main point the assigned corridor from the British in the suit. If the Supreme court had ruled sector of Germany to the British sector with Interior, then private development of EXECUTIVE MESSAGES REFERRED of Berlin. water power on every important river in the country would have been practically pro­ As in executive session, The third incident was of an entirely hibited. Socialized power would have been The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem­ different sort. It was reported by the almost assured, because TVA has demon­ pore laid before the Senate messages Air Force that a reconnaissance bomber strated that water power cannot supply the from the President of the United States fought off a Russian-made MIG 25. miles demand and must be "firmed up" by steam submitting the nomination of John C. off the east coast of Kamchatka on Sun­ plants. As steam plants are built, the pub­ Doerfer, of Wisconsin,. to be a member day last, March 15. It reported that the lic authority monopolizes power production of the Federal Communications Com­ plane was on a "routine weather recon­ and drives private companies out. The object qf the Interior suit, therefore, mission, and withdrawing the nomina­ naissance flight from an Alaska air base.•• was not to supply the people of the Roanoke tion of Eugene H. Merrill', of Utah, to be This story is preposterous. There is valley with power, but to set a precedent that a member· of that Commission, which no need to go within 25 miles of Kam­ would have enabled it to 'get advance control nominating message was referred to the chatka to look for weather. There is of every hydroelectric site of importance in Committee on Interstate and Foreign just as much weather 50 miles out or 100 the country. The Interior lawyers advanced Commerce. miles out. the bizarre argument that potential electric Information from sources which I can­ power from a dam not yet built or authorized is property of the United States. It is easy EXECUTIVE REPORTS OF not suspect is to the effect that the to see what a far-reaching effect a favorable COMMITTEES "routine" flights are made from Bering decision by the Supreme Court would have Straits to Attu, the westernmost of the had. As in executive session, Aleutian Islands. This course does not The whole scheme was an attempt to so­ The following favorable reports of bring a plane within 400 miles of Kam­ cialize electric power. Interior was trying nominations were submitted: chatka. The plane in question may nev­ to get control of undeveloped hydroelectric By Mr. LANGER, from the Committee on ertheless have been engaged on a useful sites and also to bring the Federal Power the Judiciary: · mission, but it was just not there on Commission under its authority. George E. MacKinnon, of Minnesota, to be weather business. The Fabian Socialists, with whom the In­ United States attorney for the district of The serious thing about this incident is terior Department was packed, have made Minnesota, ·vice Philip Neville, resigned. the false report given to the American their first assault on the power industry, By Mr. TOBEY, from ·the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce: . people by the Air Force. It tended, and because, .since all business and industry de­ John J. Dermody, to be ensign in the Coast probably was intended, to influence pub­ pe:s:W on power, with that in control of the and Geodetic Survey. lic opinion by making the third incident Government, the next steps toward socialism appear as an act of aggression. In pub­ wduld be easier. lishing this false report the Air Force has The Supreme Court has given us a victory EDWARD F. HOWREY TO BE FEDERAL been guilty, in effect, of waging psycho­ for freedom. It may be years before we · TRADE COMMISSIONER-EXECU­ logical warfare on the people of the realize how great the victory has been. TIVE REPORT OF A COMMITTEE United States. This must stop. Mr. GRISWOLD. Mr.· President, as Mr. President, there are two honest CONFIRMATION OF NOMINATIONs­ in executive session, from the Committee and honorable courses open in a case of IN THE NAVY on Interstate and Foreign Commerce, I this sort. One is for ·the Air Force to report favorably the nomination of Ed­ tell the truth. The other is for it to say Mr. TAFT. Mr. President, there are nothing. It had better decide to do one two nominations on the Executive Cal­ ward F. Howrey, of Virginia, to be a Fed­ eral Trade Commissioner for the unex­ or the other. endar to which I believe there is no ob­ pired term of 7 years from September jection. Therefore, I ask unanimous 26, 1952, vice John Carson, term expired, BROADCASTING OR TELECASTING consent that, as in executive session, the with the recommendation that the nomi­ • nomination of Adm. Henry C. Bruton nation be confirmed. OF PROFESSIONAL BASEBALL EX­ be considered and confirmed. The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem­ HIBITIONS The ACTING PRESIDENT pro terri­ pore. The nomination will be received, Mr. JOHNSON of Colorado. Mr. pore. The Clerk will state the nomina­ as in executive session, and placed on the President, a few minutes ago I intro­ tion. Executive Calendar. duced, for appropriate reference, a bill 2150 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD::::: SENATE March- 20 merely agents and trustees of the people. Salesmen (various fields)------62 to authorize the adoption oi certain City, county, State, and Federal offi.cials rules with respect to the broadcasting They feel strongly that the great public and employees______76 or telecasting of professional baseball interest in the sport is wholesome for Teachers and professors______7 young and old. They take commenda­ exhibitions in interstate commerce, and Architects ------1 for other purposes. At this time I wish ble pride in their local communities; and, Housewives ------18 to discuss the bill for 15 or 20 minutes. above all. they want to build community "Minor league baseball is far from a profit­ Mr. President, one of the great diffi­ morale and community spirit to the able sport. A survey was made of the results culties under our free-enterprise econ­ highest point possible. Theirs is a labor of the 1950 operations; and, with 18 leagues omy has been and is that, because of of love. having a . total of 134 clubs reporting, it monopoly, the few may become more and Mr. President, I ask unanimous con­ shows that 65 percent of the clubs report­ ing operated at a loss. more powerful and the many may be­ sent to have printed at this point in the "The operation of a minor league club is come weaker and more dependent. Dur­ REcoRD a statement by George M. Traut­ most assuredly no bonanza. In fact with a ing the past decade that tendency in man. who is president of the National great many of them it is rather a case of America has been frightening. National Association of Professional Baseball keeping losses to a minimum rather than advertising out of tax deductions has Leagues--in other words, the small making or expecting to make a profit. Under contributed its full share to this unfor­ leagues, the minor leagues. The state­ these conditions I feel that these small clubs, tunate trend. Through the years the ment was delivered by Mr. Trautman these civic enterprises, if you please, are en­ titled to attempt to live, and the territorial Congress, by the enactment of antitrust when he appeared b~fore the Celler com­ limit is one of their chief supports. laws, has tried to protect the people mittee of the House of Representatives, "If these clubs. in the lower classifications against the gargantuan growth of mo­ the House committee which is investi­ are to survive they should have an area in nopoly the crushing concentration of gating monopolies. which they can operate free from interfer­ wealth: and the economic power in the There being no objection, the state­ ence by any other club in organized baseball. hands of the few but Congress has not ment was ordered to be printed in the Any club not in organized baseball can come kept pace with the trend. into the territory and operate and the club Today I have the honor of introducing RECORD, as follows: of organized baseball can do nothing about a bill to protect the weak and helpless On Friday, August 3, 1951, George M. it. It requires an area to support a baseball elements of America's national game of Trautman; president, the National Associa­ team to insure that some baseball may be tion of Professional Baseball Leagues, the played." baseball from a cruel and ruthless mo­ little leagues, the minor leagues, appeared nopoly which, strangely enough, was before the Celler committee of the House, Mr. JOHNSON of Colorado. Mr. forced upon organized baseball by ~he investigating monopoly, and made the fol­ President, I wish to quote briefly from antitrust division of our own Just~ce lowing statement: the statement delivered by Mr. Traut­ Department. Last month a maJor "I assert most emphatically that territorial man, and I desire to make some refer­ league franchise was sold for $3,750,0~0, limits are necessary to the preservation of ence to it. Mr. Trautman began his and this week a major league franchise minor-league baseball. statement by saying: was offered for sale for $2,400 •.000 .. These "Clubs, particularly in the B, C, and D I assert most emphatically that territorial are relatively small sale pn.ces m th~ classifications, are located principally in limits are necessary to the preservation of small towns and cities situated in more or major league world. The maJor ~eagu~s minor league baseball. business has become very big busmess m less sparsely populated areas, which of neces­ · Clubs, particularly in the B, C, and D sity limits the number of persons from which classifications, are located principally in this country. . the clubs can draw their attendance. Even In the baseball industry, as m ~he small towns and cities situated in mo:r:e or with such limitations I sometimes wonder if less sparsely populated areas, which, of ne­ automobile industry, the transportatiOn the saturation point has not been reached in cessity, limits the number of persons from industry, the tobacco and liquor indus­ some sections, as, for example, the States of which the clubs can draw their attendance. tries, and the hundreds of other Amer­ Texas and North Carolina, in each of which Even with such limitations . I sometimes there are approximately 50 minor league ican industries, a few have become very wonder if the saturation point has not been powerful, while the many who have con­ clubs. reached in some sect,ions, as, for example, the "Be that as it may, it is the fact that in a States of Texas and North Carolina, in each tributed immeasurably to our wa~ of majority of instances the clubs in such clas­ life have been struggling for sur~Ival. of which there are approximat~ly 50 minor sifications are organized in response to a league clubs. There is big business and small busmess popular demand for baseball, and the clubs in paseball, just as there is in every o~her are organized and operated primarily as civic Then Mr. Trautman pointed out that endeavor in our great country. With­ enterprises and out of a sense of civic loyalty in the minor leagues there were 2,287 out equivocation I state that my bill is and pride. As evidence of this fact I call your officers and directors when he made his in the interest of "the little fellow" in attention to the fact that as of July 12, 1951, out of 2,287 officers and directors of the minor survey; and among those 2,287 directors • organized baseball. league clubs, but 291 could be classified as 3;.nd officers, his survey showed that only In this industry we have 2 major making their living as baseball executives. 291 of them made their living from base­ leagues located generally in America's The remaining 1,996 were men from all walks ball; the others contributed their time, centers of population, and 39 minor of life, with representatives of the distaff their money, and their efforts to the leagues spread out over the rest of the side, as the following table will show: game, free, without any remuneration country. The 2 major leagues and Attorneys______128 whatsoever. Mr. Trautman made a list most of the minor leagues consist of Bankers or banking business______77 of those who carry on baseball in the 8 ball clubs each. For many years these Business executives (heads of firms or minor leagues, and the list is very sig­ leagues, in spite of their varying responsible positions)------377 nificant. It was made according to oc­ strengths, have made their own rules Judges ------9 cupation. Mr. Trautman found that Manufacturers ------6 and have done a good job in self-disci­ Insurance brokers or agents______54 there were 128 attorneys, 77 bankers, 377 pline and self-government. They have Realtors and real-estate salesmen______46 business executives, 9 judges, 6 manu­ respected the laws of their country, and Accountants------41 facturers, 54 insurance brokers or agents, have responded to the public sense of Brokers (various fields)------·------19 46 realtors and real-estate salesmen, propriety, decorum, dignity, and fair­ Amusement field (motion-picture actors, and so forth, and he concluded the list ness. They have paid their bills prompt­ directors, and theater owners)------13 by pointing out that among the 2,287 ly, met their obligations fully, and as­ Automobile dealers and associated busi- directors and officers in the minor sumed the responsibilities expected of ness------166 leagues were 18 housewives. Hotel and restaurant owners. oper~;~.tors, all American businessmen. At the same and employees ------43 A bronze plaque was unveiled on the time they have developed interest and Soft drinks, beer, night clubs, etc______50 occasion of the dedicat1on of baseball's respect for the game of baseball until all F'lorists ------2 hall of fame. at Cooperstown, N.Y. The the people claim it as their own. Contractors (various fields)------45 inscription on the plaque states in elo­ The men and women responsible for Farmers and ranchers______65· quent language the purposes, ideals, and the operation of minor-league baseball Small business (a. variety of occupations objectives of baseball. It reads as fol­ do so generally wit)lout monetary re­ i.n the small-business field too nu- · merous to classify)------529 lows: ward. They believe, with our former Doctors, dentists, etc______75 To build for baseball sound ideals of com­ colleague, "Happy" Chandler, that or­ Newspaper and radio offi.cials and em- munity participation and recreation and to ganized baseball belongs to the people, ployees ------73 perpetuate for the game integrity of admin­ and that its officers and direetors· are Morticians------14 istration and high standards o! excellence in

/ 1953 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE 2151 performance, the national association was Nevertheless, 1949 was an evil year for Washington during the summer of 1949 organized in 1901. The skill and spirit of organized baseball in the United States ~ countless thousands on the playing fields and said: have contributed to the wholesome enjoy­ That year marks the beginning of the de­ Rule 1 {d) is in violation of the antitrust ment and recreation of countless millions cline of organized baseball in America. laws of this country. Either repeal it or we more. Baseball_ claims a continent today. In that year the Justice Department, in will bring suit against organized baseball as To those who play and who love the game good faith and with the purest of inten­ a law violator. this tablet is inscribed. tions, struck a foul blow against Ameri­ Baseball always has prided itself upon These are not merely fancy, high­ ca's great grassroots sport. being obedient to the law. As the na­ sounding words. They represent the In 1949, 59 minor leagues with more tional game of our Republic, it has as­ spirit and the character of the sport of than 10,000 players were operating in sumed most seriously the responsibility organized baseball which has spread the United States. Today there are but to uphold its country's laws. So, with­ clear across the North American Conti­ 39, and many of these 39 are weak and out a moment's hesitation, it repealed nent, from the Arctic Circle to the wobbly, and may fold before the present that rule when asked to do so by the Jus­ Equator and beyond, into South Amer­ season is ended. In 1949 there were 17 tice Department. The minor leagues minor-league clubs in the State of Ohio. were stunned by the action, but they ica and the islands in the adjacent seas. Today there are but two minor-league Canada, the United States, Mexico, Cen­ clubs in that great baseball State. Oddly were helpless. They feared the worst, tral America, Panama, Venezuela, Peru, enough, this decline occurred during the and the worst has happened. The Jus­ Puerto Rico, Cuba, and other areas all period of the Nation's greatest prosperity. tice Department did not see fit to con­ have organized baseball leagues and In the period from 1949 to the present fer with any official of the 59 minor clubs, and love the game. Everywhere day, more people have been employed at leagues, or with the officers of their as­ that baseball is played, it has made a the highest take-home wage in the his­ sociation. Their rights and their views notable contribution to community mo­ tory of America. Dog racing, horse were ignored as the ground was laid for rale and national integrity. racing, midget auto racing, wrestling, their destruction by that cruel and ar­ Practically every State in the Union ' and many other sports have prospered bitrary order of the Justice Department. has organized baseball operating within as never bef9re, but minor league base­ Most certainly rule 1 (d) is reasonable, its borders. Even far-away Japan ball has declined steadily, and it con­ and most emphatically it is vital to the adopted baseball as its favorite sport. tinues to decline. The one and only ex­ very existence of the minor leagues. It is my solemn and considered convic­ planation is the unfortunate action of Whether it is illegal is something else. tion that organized baseball has accoll1-­ the Antitrust Division of the United After long and careful study and con­ plished more for the good-neighbor pol­ States Justice Department in destroying sultation with able counsel, I believe that icy and for good international relations one of baseball's own, but necessary, the Federal courts possibly might hold in the Western Hemisphere than any rules against major league baseball mo­ that rule 1 (d) is in violation of the let­ other institution, except religion and nopoly. ter of the antitrust laws, but most cer­ education, if-these may be termed insti­ tainly it cannot be in violation of the In 1949 baseball in the United States spirit of those very necessary laws. I tutions. Human beings are peculiar in operated under rule 1 (d). This is a very that they require athletic rivalry and desire to make it plain that I believe prowess to stimulate tl}eir spirits and simple but a very important rule, be­ wholeheartedly in the antimonopoly save them from the boredom of a too cause it protects the territorial rights of laws of the United States. I do not want serious view of life and its events. In the minor leagues from invasion by the to weaken them; I want to strengthen the past, war served that purpose, but majors. George Trautman, the presi­ them. In my mind, rule 1 (d) does no today man is striving to eliminate war dent. of the Minor League Association, violence to the antitrust laws; but, until because of the fierce cruelty and terrible says organized baseball cannot exist the Federal courts speak, one can only destruction of modern weapons. War's without the protection of its territorial guess as to the legality of rule 1 . The over­ for everyone else. tan centers of population, baseball would whelming majority of the majors believe wither and die on the vine, fpr baseball Mr. LANGER. Mr. President, will the wholeheartedly in the policy of live and Senator from Colorado yield? is and forever should be kept an Ameri­ let live. can grassroots institution. Indeed, any . Mr. JOHNSON of Colorado. I yield. Incidentally, I am quite shocked, as I Mr. LANGER. In the opinion of the institution laying clai:tn to being the know other persons will be, to learn that great national sport of America must be distinguished Senator from Colorado, the Justice Department has not been should his bill be referred to the Com­ kept a grassroots institution. America content to compel the major leagues to does· not consist merely of a handful of mittee on the Judiciary, or to the Com­ repeal rule 1 from South Dakota. We would regret territory is described in rule 1 (d), and does not violate the spirit of the anti­ losing him from the Senate, but if base­ also described in my bill as an area hav­ trust laws. Whether it violates the let­ ball can pay him more, we could not ing a radius of 50 miles from the center ter of the antitrust laws, I am not sure. blame him for taking an offer. · It I do not know how the court would of a minor-league ball park. is mere­ Mr. CASE. I appreciate the Senator's ly· that small territory. My bill pro­ decide tha~ question-and it is an inter­ vides that if a major-league club gets the esting question. Some lawyers say that very kind suggestion. However, in all consent of a minor-league club to broad­ there is no violation of the antitrust candor, I think the Senator ought not laws under rule 1 (d), but the major to be too diligent about that, for it might cast into that territory, it can go ahead prove to be embarrassing. and do so under rule 1 (d). But if the leagues thought so, and whether they minor-league club does not give such were using it as a good excuse, or Mr. JOHNSON of Colorado. It is not permission, of course, the broadcasting whether they grasped that point as my desire to promote the Senator out of cannot be done. something very convenient, so that they the Senate. But here is the rub. The minor could broadcast and telecast more Mr. HILL. Mr. President, is it not leagues cannot continue to charge for generally, I cannot say. I believe they true that if the Senator from South Da­ their games and at the same time pay were acting in good faith. I think they kota is as good a ballplayer as he is a taxes to Uncle Sam, if the major leagues wanted to avoid a lawsuit. Baseball Senator, the baseball people will want broadcast or telecast baseball games to people generally try to avoid lawsuits. to sign him up before the sun goes down the people living in a minor-league towri They try to keep out of court. I think this afternoon? without charge to them. that was the real situ?.tion. Mr. JOHNSON of Colorado. The Sen­ Mr. CASE. Mr. President, will the Mr. CASE. It simply occurred to me ator from Alabama is correct. Senator yield? ' that if the question involved was not Mr. CASE. I doubt that. Mr. JOHNSON of Colorado. I yield to fairly impqrtant as a matter of law, th.e Mr. JOHNSON of Colorado. I believe the Senator from South Dakota.if the action of the Attorney General amount­ the Senator from South Dakota will Senator from North Dakota [Mr. LANG­ ed more or less either to bluff or black­ have a great many invitations before the ER] has finished. I may" say that if the mail, or there ·was an act of poor sun sets today. · 2154 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE March 20 Mr. President, some day Congress may dulge me in a bit of pessimism. Some of my speak these solemn and significant words: be compelled to begin looking into the baseball friends say I am an alarmist. Well, "Destroy the minors and you destroy the maybe, but I recall that Paul Revere was majors." tremendous assistance television and an alarmist, too. He warned the American The professional-football people are crying radio are giving to the growth of mo­ patriots that the red coats were coming and because they have no professional football nopoly in this country. Congress, then the shot for liberty was fired that was !arm clubs to carry part of their personnel through the antitrust laws, has tried to heard around the world. I hope that you, load. I wonder if the major baseball leagues eliminate monopoly by placing definite with your usual patiel!ce, will permit me to really appreciate what a blessing minor­ restrictions on the operation and owner­ sound the alarm of an approaching crisis 1n league baseball is to them. ship of retail outlets. But the national baseball. The three New York clubs have the most advertising campaigns of the large All is not well in baseball. Fortunately, lucrative baseball territory in the entire this celebrated sport has a true weather vane world. There is nothing that begins to com­ American industries are destroying and a dependable barometer. When this pare with it anywhere. Why are they not small producers throughout America. barometer is busy it sings a cheerful note satisfied with this baseball bonanza? Why For instance, there is a terrific death and everyone is happy, but when it is silent should they covet the baseball pennies in struggle going on in this country today the whole atmosphere is filled with gloom. Toronto, Dallas, Denver, and Seattle? They between the large and small breweries. The barometer I speak of is the turnstiles murdered in cold blood in their own back­ The gigantic breweries are buying into in the baseball parks. yard Newark and Jersey City, once prosperous baseball, due to baseball's tremendous The year 1952 was the most prosperous minor-league cities. Now they seem deter­ advertising value to beer. That trend this Nation has ever experienced. More peo­ mined to wreck every minor-league Club in is very bad for baseball. The radio and ple were employed than ever before. Folks the entire country. had more money to spend and they spent Since America's great game was created at television networks are rendering great more than at any time in history. They Cooperstown, some spectators have wanted aid to the few very large breweries to trampled one another to get to the race­ to see baseball for free. Knotholes have been destroy the small breweries, just as they tracks where their wagers registered a new enlarged in the fence, and Annie Qakleys have helped major-league baseball de­ high watermark. But baseball, the great have been in great demand. Something !or stroy minor-league baseball. I am told national sport of America, has shown a nothing is an oldtimer in this business. Now that 29 local breweries folded last year decline of 40 percent in its paid admisf!ions the salesman for stemwinder cigarettes and because of the national advertising since 1948. . humdinger beer has found a way to give campaigns of the big brewers. What has gone wrong? The answer 1s them free baseball. And put this in your Rather than being worried about that baseball no longer believes in "live and cigarette and smoke it. They don't give let live." Greed, avarice, and a reckless dis­ away their product. They give away your baseball's earnest effort to respect minor regard for the rights of its associates and ball games. league territorial rights, the Justice De­ colleagues has raised its ugly head in high Not only is it to be free but he will take partment would do well to make a study places in baseball. A new word of two let­ it to them in their own home. On a hot of network influence and methods and ters--"TV"-has raised hades. night they tell him, take off your shoes, their impact on the economy of America. If the majors are determined to commit crawl into the old family rocker in your own I hope everyone understands my solid major league hara-kiri, the minor leagues home, light up a comn nail, pour yourself a devotion to TV and radio. To me, these cannot do much about it. What they do to mug of liquid yeast, and enjoy a major­ fantastic and phenomenal miracles have their own is their business and not ours. league baseball game. Why fight your way to If they give up control of their revenues at the minor-league park, dig up 90 cents apiece done more to educate, inform, and en­ the ball parks for the 30 pieces of silver of for you and your wife, to watch a lot of tertain young and old than all of the a TV sponsor who intends only to exploit youngsters ·fighting their hearts out when other creations of science together. I them and who will drop them like 'a dead the majors will bring a classy ball game right have been their friend and I will con­ mackerel the moment their drawing · power into your own house? The answer is he tinue to support their wholesome aspira- · subsides, if they are determined to make won't and he doesn't. tions always. However, their progress that God-awful decision, then the minors Television today is pretty crude alongside does not depend upon the destruction can only pity their shortsightedness in of what will be available in a very short by them of other American institutions. grasping for the "fast buck." time. There were 108 stations in 1951; 169 If that were the end of the story I would additional stations were licensed in 1952; 200 They need not climb to the pinnacle not be pleading with them tonight to con­ will be lice1;1sed in 1953; and every year over the dead bodies of victims. I am sider well their tragic policy, but alas it is thereafter 200 additional stations will be sure that a careful weighing of the mer­ only the beginning of the trip over Niagara licensed until the Nation will have 3,000 TV its of my bill will clearly reveal the long­ Falls. stations with antennas on almost every range benefits radio and TV wi'll derive Now a very smooth salesman is going from dwell1ng throughout the length and breadth from this legislation. We must remem­ club to club among the majors feeding them of this land. Forty- and fifty-inch screens ber that there are move than 2,000 radio soft soap and promises of big cash returns. will be commonplace. .Color television which stations and eventually there will be When this TV salesman tells t~em more and improves the image 100 percent is re:o_dy to more than 2,000 television stations, each more TV is the cure !or the shrink in their come out of the laboratory. The three-di­ admissions, he does not tell them that TV is mension picture will be here too. It makes of them fostering and promoting indi­ the direct cause of their poor gates in the the televised ball games so realistic that you vidual American communities, and that first place; something they are too stubborn will jump right out of your rocking chair is good for America. America is more to admit to themselves. He coos to them and try to grab for yourself a souvenir when than its mammoth centers of popula­ about the money out in the country. He you think the ball is heading your way. tion. leads them to believe that there is a role of The owner of one of the major-league A vote for my bill to restore baseball's bills big enough to choke a cow growing on clubs is supposed to have said to one of rule 1 (d) will prove a great boon to every blade of grass out there at the grass baseball's greatest managers: "Make up your roots. He says to them "TV and I will put mind, Hollywood or baseball." This major­ America's great national pastime and your game in every minor-league city in the league owner lived a year or so too soon. Not sport. United States and all you need do is bank a year too soon since Tallulah is taking over Mr. President, I ask unanimous con­ the cash." So Paul Revere cries in the night, the Giants tonight. Soon the cry will be, sent to have printed in the RECORD at "Minor leagues, wake up, the majors are no "Hollywood, send us some artists, directors, this point as a part of my remarks an longer satisfied with the bloodletting in the and producers 'to stage the world series." If address on this subject which I delivered major leagues, they are conniving with a the Yankees keep on whining the pennant, in New York City on February 1, 1953, supersalesman to bleed the minor leagues to doubtless they will sell Yankee Stadium and death, too." This bold and clever salesman construct a new and beautiful baseball at a banquet attended by sports editors is even trying to bribe the minor leagues to studio with green grass, green shrubs, and and writers. invite the majors to come into minor-league green trees laid out by the ablest Hollywood· There being no objection, the address territory with major-league TV. He has the landscape artist· in the world and there the was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, audacity to suggest three or four hundred world series will be staged. A small grand­ as follows: dollars a year to each minor-league club for stand wm be built that will hold a ·hundred this "game of the week" each Saturday. His or so curious creatures who want to hear ADDRESS DELIVERED IN NEW YORK CITY, FEB­ is a -foot-in-the-door proposal. Once the the production manager yell "cut" when RUARY 1, 1953, BY EDWIN C. JOHNSON, TO THE minors agree to 1 day a week his enterpris­ SPORTS EDITORS' AND WRITERS' BANQUET Yogi Berra loses one in the shrubbery. ing competitors will take a day a week too Won't some enterprising pencil artist write Mr. Chai~man, it is a great honor to be and it will be 7 days a week and Mr. Minor a new baseball song, "Take Me Out to the a guest of the sports editors and scribes of League wm fold his tent and, like the ancient Movie" so ·we can jm1k that old classic, the world's foremost metropolis, the beau­ Arab, steal silently into the night, bankrupt tiful city of New York. "Take Me Out to the Ball Game"? and betrayed. . Last year, when the Celler committee ex­ Up to this moment I have enjoyed with Last Thursday night in Boston at a sports­ plored the possibility of monopoly in baseball, you every minute of your lovely banquet writers' banquet like this I heard Ford Frick, and great show, but now I !).ope you will in- the minor league's president and his omcers the wise and alert commissioner of baseball, made tracks to Washington and argued long 1959 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 2155 and loud that there was n:o monopoly iii tairi new United States Government life used by the Communists to orientate baseball. We told this committee that we insurance, and insurable World War II were all one big, happy family working to­ American far eastern policies toward gether in harmony and understanding to veterans, who served between October 8, Communist objectives; and that over a serve well the public interest in America's 1940, and September 2, 1945, could ob­ period of years John Carter Vincent was great game and that everyone, big and little, tain new mutual national service life in­ the principal fulcrum of IPR pressures players and clubs alike, were treated fairly surance. Public Law 23, 82d Congress, and influence in the State Department. and justly. I can speak for myself only, removed that right. The loyalty Review Board found reason­ but if the major leagues indiscriminately I believe that veterans who can quali­ able doubt of his loyalty. But the pres­ invade the territory of the minors with tele­ fy for insurance under those acts should ent Secretary of State reversed the vision as they have with radio, I for one will not be excluded from obtaining such in­ Loyalty Review Board which had passed testify before God and Congress that major­ surance. league organized baseball is a cruel and heart­ on Mr. Vincent's case, and the record less monopoly motivated only by avarice and I submit the three bills relating to vet­ stands that John Carter Vincent ha~;­ greed, determined to rule or ruin anything erans' affairs for proper reference. been officially cleared with respect to or anyone who gets in its path. There being no objection, the bills in­ both loyalty and security. This man who troduced by Mr. MALONE were received, admitted that he deliberately influenced read twice by their titles, and referred to the course and direction of the mission of VETERANS' LEGISLATION the Committee on Finance, as follows: Henry Wallace to Soviet Asia, who wrote Mr. MALONE. Mr. President, today S. 1405. A bill to amend certain provisions the original drafts of two of the three of the National Service Life Insurance Act documents which became the directive I im introducing three bills designed to. of 1940, as amended, to assure the right to that sent Gen. George Marshall to China correct some provisions of the present judicial review; with the impossible mission of seeking a law, which have created hardships and S. 1406. A bill to revise the basis for cer­ inequalities among some of our veterans. tain disability compensation awards; and coalition between the National Govern­ One of these bills is designed to re­ S. 1407. A bill to restore the right of cer­ ment of China and the Communists; this tain veterans to apply for insurance. man who wrote documents that followed enact the long-established policy of pay­ almost slavishly the recommendations of ing pensions for service-connected par­ Owen Lattimore; this man who admitted tial disability commensurate with the THE STATE DEPARTMENT the basic responsibility for instructions percentage of disability. by the military, at the instance of the Because the rising cost of living does Mr. McCARRAN. Mr. President, what I am about to say gives me no joy, State Department, which were directly not discriminate between veterans who contrary to the recommendations trans­ have less than 50 percent disability and and will give me none. I speak not out of partisanship, not out of rancor, or mitted by General Wedemeyer-this those who have greater than 50 percent man, John Carter Vincent, has been disability, I feel that all eligible veterans personal feeling, but out of a sense of duty to my country and to the people of completely cleared by the Secretary of should be paid a pension commensurate State, and allowed to retire with honor. with their disability. Under that sys­ America; not with bitterness, or with anger, but with sadness. I wish I did The Senate Internal Security Subcom­ tem, which has worked successfully for mittee made just two recommendations many years, any increases in payment not have to say these things, but events coerce me. with regard to departmental activity. would apply proportionately to all vet~ One of those recommendations was that erans receiving pensions. If ever the people of a republic by their votes demanded a specific change the Department of Justice submit to a The other two bills which I am intro­ in their Government, the people of the grand jury the question of whether- per­ ducing pertain to national service life United States of America by their votes jury was committed before the subcom­ insurance. last November demanded that the State mittee by Owen Lattimore. The other One of the bills will assure dependents Department be cleaned out. This is one recommendation was that the Depart­ the right of appeal to the courts when­ job the people have expected would be ment of Justice submit to a grand jury ever a controversy arises as to whether done promptly and thoroughly; and they the question of whether perjury was or not a timely application for a waiver have had a right to expect this. committed before the subcommittee by of premium payments has been made. To the people of the United States, John P. Davies, Jr. Under the present law there are cer­ and to my colleagues in the Senate of The Lattimore case has been sub­ tain exemptions to the National Service the United States, I say, the job is not mitted to a grand jury, under the orders Insurance Act of 1940, whereby premium being done. And to those in power, who of a former attorney general, and the payments may be waived. These recog­ are not doing this job or who are pre­ grand jury returned an indictment nized exceptions occur when circum­ venting it from being done, I say, the charging perjury. The Davies case has stances beyond the veteran's control people of America have made known not been submitted to a grand jury, and prevents his timely application for a their will in this matter, and if the job it seems evident there is no intention it premium waiver as when a veteran dies they have demanded is not done, and shall be so · submitted. John Patton during a period of permanent disability. well done, the people will not hesitate to Davies, Jr., is still a trusted employee of of less than 6 months' duration. How­ speak again. the State Department, holding a posi­ ever, as the law is now written, the Ad­ Those who today resist the doing of tion of honor and influence, in an ex­ ministrator of Veterans' Affairs may de­ this job are only fighting a delaying tremely sensitive post. This man, whose termine whether or not the veteran or action; for a thorough housecleaning in work over a span of many years advanced the veteran's dependents have made a the Department of State cannot now the interests of the Chinese Communists, timely application for a premium pay­ be avoided. It can be delayed, yes; cer­ who carried messages for known Com­ ment waiver and if the Administrator's tain of those who should be swept out munists, who recommended that the determination is in the negative the con­ can be protected, for a little while; but Central Intelligence Agency use known tention arises that such_determination, in the end, the job must be done, and Communists for policy guidance, and being discretionary, is final and judicial will be done. The people of this Nation then lied about the matter before a Sen­ review to determine whether or not the have put their minds to it, and the even­ ate committee-this man seems even application is timely should not be tual outcome is sure. Those who thwart more firmly entrenched than ever in his allowed. the will of the people for even a little job and in his influence and in the re­ The question as to whether ·or not a time will be held answerable for their spect and trust of his present superiors timely application h·as been filed is a actions. . in the State Department. I do· not know matter of proof and in the event a con­ Mr. President, I will not go into detail what the Secretary of State knows about troversy arises between the applicants here this morning; but I must mention Mr. Davies; perhaps not all he should; and the Administrator of Veterans' Af­ a few points so that the burden of my but the Under Secretary of State for fairs it should be settled by the courts. remarks will be perfectly clear. policy matters knows that Mr. Davies is The ·other measure which also ·deals The Internal Security Subcommittee a security risk, and knows that Mr: with national service life insurance of the Senate, after a thorough and Davies' value to the State Department would restore the right of certain vet­ painsta~ing investig~tion, filed . one of and to this country is a negative factor. erans to apply for insurance. the most carefully documented reports And yet the State Department does noth­ Prior to April 25, 1951, _insurable World ever presented to this body; and in that ing at all apout the Davies case. War I veterans, who served "Qetween Oc­ report unanimously found that the In­ Mr. President, when the Senate passed tober 6, 1917, and July 2, 1921, could ob- stitute of Pacific Relations was a vehicle the Immigration and Nationality Act of 2156 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE March 20 1952-the much-maligned, so-called Mc­ the Foreign Relations Committee the McLeod was only expressing the judg­ Carr,an-Walter Act-it was provided that FBI report cleared Mr. Bohlen complete­ ment for which he was hired, when he there should be established in the De­ ly. If that is what he did say~ he said it conveyed his recommendations in this partment of State a new bureau of se­ knowing that his own security chief.. the matter to the Secretary. Yet Mr. Mc­ curity, and that the head of this bureau man brought into the Department to do Leod's judgment was summarily over­ of security should report directly to t he the job of cleaning out the Department-, ridden. Secretary. One of the purposes of had reported he could not clear Mr. Mr.- MORSE. Mr. President. will the creating this new job was to make it Bohlen. on the basis of the FBI report. Senator fr-om Nevada yield again to me? possible for the person holding the job Mr. MORSE. Mr. President, will the Mr. McCARRAN. I yield. to have a direct line of authority to the Senato.r from Nevada yield to me? Mr. MORSE. Am 1 correct in my in­ Secretary, with no intermediaries, in or­ The PRESIDING OFFICER Oduced in the last Congress a bW eral power sites to the people. His mis- the loaded statement: to study an .Federal programs and projects . givings were demonstrated in the lan­ A plan is being offered to denatlona1ize to find out how many could be turned over guage of the very next sentence follow­ that part of industry in this country that to State and local governments or to pri­ ing his statement of the question. He now is socialized. That plan will be ex­ vate firms. The Council of State Chambers plored, and may get a try, 1f Republicans of Commerce supports the Ferguson plan remarked: eontrol the White House and Congress After and suggests that the Post Otnce might be Immediately this wlll be attacked, I know. next January 204 better 'Operated under · private managers. by a lot of those people who will say that The Atomic Enel'lgy Commission holds that we are thereby trying ·to gtve these facilities Mr. President, this ctmstant repetition the Government monopoly in this field should to Wall Street. of a falsehood~ this constant driving be relinquished tn order to rea.l:ize all pos­ away, in rhythmical fashion. at public sible benefits from peaceful developments But Mr. Wilson assures us that this is opinion, this great fallacy about public of atomic energy. not a fact. He says: power being ''creeping socialism"-a sub­ • • • • The potential buyers are all around us. ject which I discussed in my -previous Denationalization of Government indus­ They are exactly the millions of our fellow speech on natural resources-is having try probably would not bring as much as Americans we want to reach, the same peo­ some effect on the country. However. I Mr. Wilson estimates, but it would be sub­ ple who need to learn about .and understand stantial. The Government does not carry the true democracy and ..strength of the wish to suggest to the users of that any precise estimate of· the value of its American competitive sy..stem. They are tbe slogan-and much of this Wilson p1an is business pr>Opertles, but indications are that people who own Government bonds. based on it-that they should watch out they are "wortn around. $14 billion. · The soothing words which Mr. 'Wilson f'Or the swing of resentment in Amer­ Electric-power projects. which Mr. Wilson ican publie opinion. Once Americans cites as especially salable. are valued by gives us .should not lull us into a false· come to wake up to the fact, as they wm, the Goverament at around $1.7 billion. This ' sense of security. He would have us be­ that big business is trying to sen them estimate is reached by valuing Interior De­ lieve, apparently, that American citizens political soap, it will be the liberals~ Mr. partment holdings on the same basis that TVA appraises its electric-power property. from all walks of life-laboring men, President, who will be ~xercising the in­ TVA plants are carrled on the books at $700 housewives, white .collar workers, wid.. :fluence to h'Old the American people million. That makes the Interior Depart­ ows, elderlY retired people, possibly where they must stay-which is in the ment holdings, which have a larger capacity. orphans, the little people of this coun­ middle of the road, with a cooperative worth about $1 billlon. try-would be the reai owners of these program between Gov·ernment and busi­ Sale of tb:ese propecties. however, mlght Federal power projects. This charming ness, whereby th~ Government partici­ net more than $1.7 billion. Private utilities pates in the economy onJy to the extent are valued at .an average of $300 per .kilo­ thought has little to support it by way watt of installed capacity. On that basis. of reality. In order to get at the true it becomes necessary to do !or the people what needs ·to be done, but what they Government plants, with a capacity of 8.1 facts of potential ownership and 'Opera .. mUUon kilowatts, would bring around $2.5 cannot do or do so well for themselves. bill1on. tion of these F'ederal projects., let us ·con.. Mr. President, that is liberal philoso­ sider the ownership of the Federal debt. Equally important from tbe Wilson view­ phy. We must apply it project by proj .. . point .Is the prospect that the sale would According .to the July 1952 midyear Eco.. ect, and meet the exploiters as they come return the electric industry to private hands4 1953 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD.= SENATE 2159

I am still quoting from th~ article cannot do for themselves .or what they fa-cts are matters of -common knowledge; about Mr. Wilson: cannot do so wen for themselves, in the Mr. Wilson should be fully acquainted The Govem.men. t -also owns about $1.:3 bil­ case -of .something that needs to be done; with them; and he cannot square with lion worth of housing .and community i>a­ but the danger is that there will be a any code of intellectual ethics such a. cilities. .Much of' tbis property is connected failure to be true to the checks-and-bal­ misrepresentation of the faets tQ the with defense projects, such as the atomic ances system of our Government. This · American people. cities at Los AlamosJ -N. Mex., Oak Ridge, potentiality is inherent in legislation Moreover, the vastly lowered power ­ Tenn.• .and Hanford, - Wash. A few prop­ which .contains broad grants of power erties, however, compete with private own­ rates of Federal power projects have ers. The Government probably ·could re· without defined limits and .stand-ar.ds. stimulated business and industry to a lease most of tb'it~ property for sale to pri­ So, Mr. President, I say that. when great extent. These areas now receive vate owners. carried 'OUt to their fuUest extent, these overall taxes from property, income, The Post omce is the country's oldest and policy statements could be employed as sales, and the wide variety of local taxes most extensive socialized enterprise. This the hangman's trap through which sev­ that are many, many times greater than agency seldom is cited as a candidate for eral generations of public _power facili­ the taxes that were paid by private utili­ sale to private operators. but the State cham­ bers of commerce hold that the Post Office ties could be sent to o.blivion. ties. Likewise, they are vastly more than should not be overloolted in any program f-or In the House some very amazing pro­ the taxes that could be paid by private disposing of Government-owned businesses. posals have been made in an endeavor to utilities, if such industries did not have accomplish the same result. Outstand­ the low electric rates made possible by An organization designated as the ing illustrations are House Joint Resolu­ Federal power generation. And Mr. Wil­ Council of State Chambers of Commerce tion 12, introduced .on the opening day son, as an industrialist, knows that fact, promptly waxed enthusiastic over the of the 83d Congress, and House Joint too. - same program. Under date of October Resolution 184, of February 12, 1953. Nor do they mention the wide portions 7~ 1952, 1t circulated a memorandum HOW WILSON'S PLAN WOULD WORK of the area surrounding such Federal from its research office in Washington projects that suddenly become useful stating~ Mr. President. let us go on with this unique Wilson proposal and see how his farm land, home, factory, and industrial It is pleasing to !lave one of our resea.r<:h sites, which also pay vast sums of taxes studies cited in a magazine of the .importance plan would work. Here are Mr. Wilson's · exact words: to the State and local treasuries. No, of u.s. News & World Report, but it is more under 'iihe private utility propaganda significant to see that the idea of getting Under this plan, bonds could be exchanged Uncle Sam out of the proper fields of busi­ fQr shares o! stock in the new compani es campaign, all these proven facts are ness enterprise is beginning to take holti. to spring from the presently Government­ completely ignored. l:n the belief that the attached article from owned plant s. WHAT THIS MEANS 'TO AMERICA U.s. News & World Report otrers enccmr~gtng I;tews, we are glad to send along this Teprint. Obviously, Mr. Wilson refers oo Federal Let us strip Mr. Wilson's proposal of Gove)}nment bonds. all its fancy langu-age and ask ourselves: Mr. President, on November s. 19'52, In short, here would be a bonanza for "Exactly what dues this mean to the a publication called. Pathfinder also en­ the security jugglers who co:uld build new great majority of little people in this thusiastically endorsed Mr. Wilson's pro­ financial empires from the profit that country?-'~ posal. This magazine informed the could be Qbtained in selling these price­ In the simplest possible language, this public that Mr. Wilson "suggested turn­ less Government projects that belong to fantastic proposal to transfer ownership ing over an Government-owned enter­ all the people, and which really shQuld be of Federal power plants to those who prises-rubbe~ plants, power plants and left as a heritage and a legacy for the own the private utilities is the most ef­ distribution lines, and at1:>mic-energy American boys and girls wh-<;> are to come fective means they ha-ve yet devised to plants-to free enterprise." on the American scene in future cen­ halt the future progress of the United Some of our elected represent-atives turies. States. in Congress have lik€wise been di1igent TAXES In my earlier speeches, I 'POinted out in supporting, directly or indirectly, this Of course, Mr. President, we would ex­ that the history of the elevation of the prop·osal to empty Uncle Sam•s pockets. pect Mr. Wilson to bring in "the old one" United States from a minor nation to For example, S. 1<06, of the 83d Con· about taxes-tax-free power and water that of world leadership has followed gress, wou1d prom~te economy and. effi­ projects, as he calls them. Sure enough, closely upon the stimulus to industry re­ ciency in the Federal Government by he does so in these words: sulting from the development of the vast following certain courses of action, some power resour-ees of the country. If we of which are entirely laudable, but Instead of tax-free power and water proj­ ects, the new companies would pay taxes did not have the essential electric power tucked away in this proposed statement approximating a billion yearly. that was supplied by Federal dams dur­ of congressional policy are "sleeper" pro­ ing the last world war to make the ad­ visions, such ·as the following: _ This misrepresentation-and misrep­ ditional alaminam, and fabricate the Section I, subsections {'6) and {7) : resentation U is-has been repeated .so other products that were so essential to (6) Elimi nating services, functions, and consistently .and so often that J: believe winning the war, our problems would activities more properly wit hin the ]urisdic­ the perpetrators of this fraud are now have been vastly more difficult. At that tron of State and loc.al governments. beginning to believe it themselves. time, no one questioned the worth .of ( 7) Elilnin:ating nonessential .services, · In the first place, many ,projects like functions. and activities which .are com­ these Federal proj eets, nor did anyone petitive with priv.ate enterprtse. TVA now _pay to local• .county, and State question the vital role they were playing governments, sums, in lieu of taxes, that in winning that glo'bal war~ Only when Mr. President, one of the r-easons why are several times the amounts that were the conflict has ended successfully do I was never a New Dealer and une of the paid previously when the private utili­ they have the temerity to say that these reasons why I have stood on the floor of ties were in the same area. priceless natural resources of the people the Senate and have ~riticized certain As an example, in· the fiscal year end· should be deeded away for all time. pieces of what I eall New Deal legi-slation ing June 3Q, 1952, .such payments in lleu Let us see how this fantastic private was that they had embedded in them just of taxes to 7 States and 135 counties in utilities' proposal to transfer the Federal such "sleeper" clauses as the ones I the TVA area totaled $3,036,207; and, power plants-this raid on the Common­ have just read from that proposed piece during the same peri<>d, municipal power wealth-would work in actual practice­ of Republi

f. . 2160 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE March ~0 June 30, 1952. These are all the hydro­ IMPORTANCE OF REVENUES DERIVED FROM POWER in place of the proposed Hens Canyon electric projects: · These figures reveal the dependence Dam-have promised-mark this, Mr. Kilowatts of the entire reclamation program upon President--only from a third to a half U. s. Bureau of Reclamation ____ 1 4, 181, 200 revenues derived from the power facili· of the capacity of the higher dams. One Tennessee Valley Authority ( esti- ties of reclamation. will note the approach of these monopo­ mated, including steam-gen- The easier, less expensive irrigation lists. erating power)------3,165,850 They could not ~uild the multiple­ Bureau of Indian Affairs ______:_ 22, 080 developments have already been built, and only the more complex and expen· purpose dams in the first instance. Army Corps of Engineers (mar­ sive ones remain. Thus the irrigation There can ·be no successful contradiction keted by): water users will generally be less able in of what I am now about to say, Mr. Southwestern Power Adminis­ the future than in the past to defray the President. The Tennessee Valley Dam, tration------­ 157,000 full costs of remaining developments. the Hoover Dam, Grand Coulee, Bonne­ Southeast Power Administra- ville, Hungry Horse, and the other mul­ tion ______425,600 Therefore the continued expansion of vital irrigation undertakings will rely tiple-purpose dams would never have Bonneville Power Administra- been built by private industry. tion------518,400 to an even greater degree upon power U. S. Bureau of ReClamation __ 85,000 revenues. In most of these areas private utili· ties were not beginning to meet the EXPERIENCE OF RECENT DEVELOPMENTS Subtotal------i, 186,000 needs of the people in the remote areas This prediction is borne out by the for the light of electricity. We would Total------8,555,130 experience of modern developments in not have had these dams as great de­ \ A portion of this capacity is marketed by contrast to earlier ones. On the $754,· fense weapons in World War II, had we Bonneville Power Administration. 476,000 Columbia Basin project, for ex­ relied on Wilson and the other .big-busi­ ample, the power cost allocation is only ness spokesmen of today who are seek­ It is important to keep these facts in $158,404,633, but power revenues are re­ ing to deal the American people out of a mind because the Bureau of Reclama­ lied on for repayment of $649,571,560, precious heritage. You and I, Mr. Pres­ tion now has nearly one-half of all the or more tban 85 percent of the total ident, and approximately 160,000,000 hydrogenerating capacity and approxi­ costs. other persons, paid for them. Watch mately one-quarter of the total generat­ Likewise these power revenues are re­ the manipulators try to get them now· ing capacity in the area in which it op­ lied on for the repayment of $450,561,- erates. If its program continues along for as little as they may have to pay 947, or some 83 percent, of the $538,026,· for them. the forecasted course, in 1975 it will still 947 cost allocated to irrigation. On I believe the American people will see be providing approximately the same reclamation's $5,400,429,000 portion of through this scheme before it is too late. portion of the power of the West. This the Missouri River Basin project, the The American people will soon realize, reclamation program in turn currently power·cost allocation is $736,337,000, but if they do not realize now, based upon accounts for half of the Federal Govern· power revenues are to repay $2,633,718,- ment's power activities, although recla· the kind of projects the private utilities 000, or about half the total, and to re­ constructed, that if they had relied on mation operations are restricted by law pay $1,816,829,000, or about two-thirds. the private utilities to meet the power to the 17 Western States. of the $2,745,880,000 irrigation cost. needs of the day they would have had POWER COSTS AND REVENUES On the $164,131,000 Colorado-Big provided from one-third to one-half the As of December 31, 1952, there were Thompson project, the power cost alloca­ power which is now available. 4,609,927 kilowatts of actual hydro· tion is $63,224,000, but power revenues Talk about creeping socialism. Mr. electric-generating capacity existing in are to repay $133,691,000, or more than President, let me say that the coopera­ plants on United States Bureau of Rec­ three-fourths of the total cost, and $70,· tive program between the Federal Gov­ lamation projects, or plants whose out­ 467,000, or about 70 percent, of the ernment and the people in the areas put was marketed through reclamation. $99,356,000 cost allocated to irrigation. where these projects have been built Many of these plants were not complete. In contrast, on the Minidoka, Idaho, has been one of the greatest boons to the The total ultimate capacity of reclama­ project--begun in 1904-power revenues development of new business, new in­ tion plants operating, under construe· will repay about one-fourteenth of the dustry, arid private enterprise wherever tion, or authorized as of December 31, total costs and only about one-seventh of a multipurpose dam has been con· 1952, was scheduled at 7,796,877 kilo­ irrigation costs. structed. watts. These plants were elements in 19 On the Yuma project-1905-about There is a situation on the Snake reclamation multiple-purpose projects. one-tenth of the total costs and one­ River which I shall discuss in 2 or 3 Of these 19 projects, the total ·ulti· twenty-fifth of the irrigation costs will weeks at considerable length. There mate construction costs were estimated be paid for by power revenues. the Idaho Power Co. is seeking to obtain in December 1952 at $7,776,791,411. Of On the Shoshone, Wyo., project-- permission to construct five low-head this total cost, the portion tentatively al­ 1904-the figures are about one-forty­ dams and thus prevent for all time the located as the cost of producing com· seventh of the total costs and one­ twenty-eighth of the irrigation costs. building of the great Hells Canyon Dam mercial power amounted to $1,619,775,· on the Snake River. If they "get by" 851, and the portion tentatively allo· On the Riverton, Wyo., project--1920- with it, Mr. President, they will cheat the. cated as the cost of irrigation features the power revenues will repay about American people out of great quantities was $3,834,362,994. Remaining costs one-thirty-third of the total costs and of kilowatt potential which should be were allocated to navigation, flood con­ one-eighty-seventh of the irrigation preserved for future generations of trol, municipal water, and other costs. costs. Americans by the construction of the The cost of the power facilities of PROJECTED RECLAMATION POWER COSTS Hells Canyon Dam. It should be pre­ these projects is to be repaid with 3 The 7, 796,877 kilowatts of reclamation vented by serving clear notice on the percent interest from power revenues. capacity existing or under way thus will Idaho Power Co. that it is not going to In addition, power revenues are tore­ be derived from a total allocated con· be allowed to gain monopolistic control pay $2,489,558,478 of the irrigation costs struction cost of $1,619,775,851. The over the people's interest in the Snake and $81,531,058 of the other costs. power features, however, are but inci­ River. The latter fig-ure includes such items dentals in la~ge multiple-purpose de· That is the issue. Oh, I would, Mr. as river regulation on the Columbia Ba· velopments whose total cost will be President, that I had the ability, I would sin project and the provision of power $7,776,791,411. that I had the knowledge, I would that facilities reserved for future use on the It is extremely doubtful, however, that I had the persuasive qualities of the great Central Valley project. more than a small fraction of the elec­ Norris, so that I might do on the floor The importance of the foregoing facts tric power capacity could be developed of the Senate, in the months immedi· is that the power revenues are relied without construction of the full, large ately ahead, what he so heroically did upon for the repayment of $4,190,710,- development. Single-purpose power when, during his years of fighting for 409 of the total $7,776,791,411 program, dams proposed from time to time as al­ the people's interest in the Nation's nat­ or slightly more than half. They are to ternatives to multiple-purpose reclama­ ural resources, he stopped in their tracks repay $2,489,558,478 of the $3,834,862,- tion dams-e. g., on the Colorado River persons who sought for· predatory pur­ 994 irrigation program, or approximately instead of Hoover Dam, Tennessee River poses to exploit those resources of two-thirds. instead of TVA dams, and on the Snake America. 1953 CONGRESSIONAL. RECORD·...;... SEN AT~ 2161' If a suffi.cient number of my libe-ral, pie-purpose undertakings, loss of power operators if the power System were dis­ colleagues in the Senate will join me in· facilities would also compel the Govern­ posed ot. The water supply of the sys­ the months ahead, I think, combined. we ment or project--operating agenc;y to­ tem in such event presumably would be might begin to approach the job that purchase power needed in project opera­ controlled by the power utility, and the Norris did. and once again stop the ex­ tions and now provided by the projects project would have oo provide other dams ploiters in their tracks as they start their themselves. or regulatory works below the power raid on the natural resources of the Na­ The Central Valley project, for exam­ plant to ·assure control of water .flow for tion. ple, at present consumes approximately its irrigation and other purposes. In That is exactly what this Charley Wil­ one-fourth of aU power generated on the some cases, provision of an alternative son proposal is; it is a raid on the eco­ proj'eet. water supply for .stan-dby purposes, per­ nomic interests of the· American people. .If that project is carried out to its haps from underground sources~ might IMPORTANCE OF POWER REVENUES 'TO 'THE ultimate planned development, it win on be necessary. completion still be using one-fourth of Any curtailment o-f the irrigation pro­ However, costs are not the only meas­ ail the power it produces~ gram would result in considerable an­ ure of the value of reciamation pow~r in­ Similarly, 6 of the 18 giant generators nual tax losses from wealth which might stallations to the Government nor to the at Grand Coulee Dam are connected f0 selves is what would it oost the Federal COST OF OP.EB.ATLNG NECESSARY VI.T.U. .!lOWER years from now. So .I :say that a part of Government if it disposes of its power Applying the same pereentage, we may the na.tionai interest. a tmrt -of the :in­ estimate that in 196f.t. 30,402.DOO.OOO kilo­ terest of 160 million people :in Federal facilities in the case of the Bureau .of power projects. is directly related to the Reclamation. watt hours of Reclamation•s total gen­ eration of 56.3'60.,000,000 kilowatt hours problem of maintaining an .adequate If the above income :figures are cap­ food 'Sll,PPlY fur the American people in italized at 3 percent. the !in-vestments re­ would be used federally at the san:le low rate.of 5 mills; this wollld east $132.0l'O.­ the generations ahead. quired to repl8Jee needed .incomes that I, for one, am not going to l.eav-e be­ would be lost through severanCe of power OOO. In 1975, 58.326,000,000 kilowatt hours of the total output of 108,000.000.- hind me a reooro in the United States facilities would amount to $1,443.~6'l,S33 Senate for future g-enerations to read, if the reclamation program were in­ 000 kilowatt hours would be used fed­ erally and at .5 mills; this would cost that I at any time favored turning ov.er stantly stopped at its present level; the great sites still remaining for the de­ $6,156,000,000 if the reclamation pro­ $291~600;000. velopment of th.e maximum potential of gram were brought to a halt in 1915, and CAPlTALI.ZING COSTS electric po-wer in tbe streams of our from $8,112,525,000 to $16,'2'25,1050,000 if Capitalizing at a percent. the value country, to private utilities, which on the construction of multiple-purpose proj­ Df &eclamation's power facilities oo the record have shown that they have never ects were to continue on present prin­ Fe-deral Government as a sour-ce of fed­ been particularly interested in develop­ ciples until the West's hydro potential erally used power ·may be oomputed 3-t ing irrigation projects in connection with were fully developed. $2,383Sol5. '1:92 H Federal use of power power projects. We need to go forward with it, Mr. were to stop immediately !lot its present I know the argument that is made by President, not to stop it. That amount, level; $5,067.000.000 if Federal consump­ private utilities. They sa.y that the con­ tion of power were to expand at expected .sumer of electricity has to pay as a part· Mr~ President is not chicken feed. The rates untill960 and then freeze; $9,72().- American people have a tremendous in­ ot his bill the cost of 'financing irriga­ 000.000 if Federal consumption of power tion projects. terest .in the problem. were to level olf at the rate expected. in What is wrong with that'? OTHER IlloiPOiitXANT J'.ACi'S 1975. - It is in the national interest that the In addition to finding other sources of WATEil SUl"P.LY AND .RELATBD COISrS necessary -steps be taken in our genera­ \ncome f'Or repaying costs allocated tG Undoubtedly, other oosts would be in... tion to think ahead about the food-supply irrig-ation and other purposes of multi- curred by the Government ()r project needs of America 100, 200, and .300 years 2162 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE . March 20 from now, and to· build power projects '!'HE MAIN FACTS companies, large corporations, and the sufficiently large and multiple in.purpose· Unfortunately, you cannot deal with wealthy-the very same people who own­ so that land can be irrigated, and thus progrl}ms that have developed over a the private utilities. bring into cultivation thousands upon generation without getting into some de­ Stripped o! its camouflage-the plan thousands of acres which need only water tails. A program involving billions calls would turn over public power projects­ to flourish, for the benefit of the boys for some detailed fiscal facts. These de­ composed of public natural resources de­ and girls 100, 200, or 300 years from now. tails may seem to be dull, but they have veloped on public sites with. public That is the kind of will I want to leave tremendous implications for all of the funds-to the private utilities. behind. That is the kind of legacy I people, as consumers and taxpayers. Our national experience with surplus think it is our challenge to leave to First, let us take costs. How would property and other sales of public prop-­ future generations of Americans. you like to pay 2 or 3 times more than erty shows that the Nation cannot ex- I do not propose to stand here, when you are now paying for the electricity pect a fair price for its investment. - a wave of selfishness is sweeping Amer­ that is the very lifeblood of city and rural Moreover, taking Bureau of Reclama­ ica, and swallow the political concept in homes? The plain fact is that before tion multipurpose dams as an example, the Charlie Wilson proposal, which is, your Federal Government established the we would see that inexpensive power, allegedly, to sell these dams to private power yardstick, electricity cost several which its opponents try to label the bad times what it does today. boy of socialism, would become draped industry. in the more respectable but expensive COST TO GOVERNMENT FOR DISPOSING OF POWER Cheap power has made possible wide­ FACILITIES ALONE spread use of the electric refrigerator, clothes of monopoly private power. washer, mangle, radio, and television set. Irrigation and other Federal projects A summary of the highly significant I venture to state that all the marvelous which are now largely supported by pub­ facts just recited shows what tremen­ electrical conveniences which contribute lic power revenues would be seriously dous sums it would cost the Government, to our unequaled standard of living impaired if . not destroyed. To save that is •. all of the taxpayers, if the Fed­ would not be so extensively used today them, vast sums of new public invest­ eral Government should dispose of the if people paid 2 or 3 times as much for ment would be required to replace power power facilities of the Bureau of Recla­ electricity as they no longer do since income and duplicate facilities which mation alone. the Federal power yardstick was estab- would be lost to the public if private When the program presently under lished. · groups were to take over public multi.. way is completed, Bureau of Reclamation Was the establishment of that yard­ purpose ·dams. cost allocated to power will total $1,619,- stick "creeping socialism"? Or was it These are but a few of the problems 775,851. The total costs of the projects an example of the philosophy that it is already described in detail-which would will be $7,776,791,411 on the basis of De­ the duty of our Government to establish result from this questionable scheme. cember 1952 estimates. regulations necessary to protect the pub­ The net effect of the W-ilson plan would Full development of western hydro lic interest? I think it was the latter, as be to strip the Nation of enormous assets. power will involve reclamation power­ I believe the American people will come .It promises in the power field: cheap cost allocations of $6,814,085,865 to $12,- to recognize before the end of this de­ darns-for private utilities; and expen­ 008,395,579. Likewise the total project bate, which will probably last for some sive power-for the people. $32,648,260,497 $57,519,- costs will be to ·years. COMMITTEE WORK OF THE INDEPENDENT PARTY 729,583. Where would Wilson's General Elec­ Mr. President, I now turn to my work If power facilities were to be disposed tric Co. and other manufacturers or' of on the basis of power-cost allocations as a member of the committee of the electric equipment be without the enor­ whole. Each Friday afternoon I try to only, the cost to the Government in ad­ mous market for appliances opened up dition to the construction cost, w~uld be deliver one major speech on a subject and developed by inexpensive Federal matter which I consider to be of national $8,112,525,000 to $16,225,050,000 as capi­ power? Certainly their tremendous tal needed to replace power revenues. In concern. I am perfectly willing to let sales would not have taken place. The the public be the judge as to whether addition, $5,067,000l000 will be needed as resultant loss of earnings by and taxes capital to provide funds for purchasing or not the subject matter of my major from manufacturers, distributors re­ speech today is imbued with a public power consumed by the Federal Govern­ tailers, and mail-order houses is ob~ious. ment. The latter sum is calculated on inter.est. I think a good many of my In short, cheap power has made pri-· absentee friends in the Senate this after­ the assumption that the 1960 Federal vate wealth and revenue for all levels c~nsumption.comes closest to that which noon are going to find when they get of government. back to their bailiwicks a growing inter­ Will be provided by completion of the We must consider the billions of tax­ ~rogram presently under way. The costs est in_such issues as this. On Friday mcurred by the Government from dis_. payers: dollars that Congress would have afternoons I propose . to continue to to appropriate for substitutes for power speak to the people of the country from posal of power allocations alone would revenues that do so much to finance the total $19,993,610,865 to $34,300,445,879. this desk. · vast irrigation program that has re­ As one of the :first items of committee THESE ARE NOT ALL THE COSTS made our arid desert lands. Taxpayers work I wish to take up a little problem These figures are a minimum estimate would have additional burdens so as to in Arkansas. I am sure that my two but ·are inadequate to reveal the . tru~ provide funds to replace the power rev­ good friends the Senators from Arkansas costs. They make no allowance for al­ enues whic.h now pay for the wide. va­ [Mr. McCLELLAN and Mr. FULBRIGHT] te:native water control works, water sup­ riety of Federal services partially enu­ will not object to my doing so, because pllt:s, or tax revenues. They contain no merated above. . I can well imagine that when a little allowance ~or any construction costs but CONCLUSION problem such as this arises in a State those allocated to power. It is also ques­ Any possible feasible plan for the re­ when two communities find themselve~ tionable if these could be construed as duction of the national debt deserves in conflict, the Senators from that State including enough interest in such plant sympathetic and searching considera­ are always glad to have someone else items as storage works to make a satis­ tion. Any reasonable plan for reduction discuss the problem, rather than to be­ factory operating proposition for the of the tax burden of our people requires .come involved in it themselves. purchaser. · our closest attention. I shall read for the. benefit of the Pen­ The Wilson plan-tricked out as it is tagon building, and particularly of the Finally, they include Bureau of Recla­ Air Force, a letter which I have received mation facilities only. No attempt is in the gaudy clothes of debt and tax re­ duction-just does not meet the tests of from the mayor of. the city of Hope, made here to estimate in detail the cost .feasibility or reasonableness. Ark:, and the president of the Hope ·of turning over the Tennessee Valley Au­ The plan bristles with fallacies and Chamber of Commerce. thority, the Army Corps of Engineers' false hopes. As embroidered by its pub­ SEATING ACCOMMODATIONS IN THE SENATE FOR facilities, and other · Federal power in­ licists, it proposes that public works and THE INDEPENDENT PARTY stallations. Since reclamation has ap­ Federal departments-from dams to the Mr. President, it is significant to note proximately only half the totai Federal Post Office-be turned over to the hold-· the increased interest which is being generating capacity, the total ·Federal ers of Government bonds. It has been shown across the country in the Inde­ costs would be greatly in excess of those shown that the largest holder~ of Gov­ pendent Party. More and more people alread~ described. ernment bonds are banks, insurance are beginning to recognize that it is not 1953 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD..;_ SENATE 2163 either handicapped or handcuffed by not want to sit any longer with the record and the propaganda put before partisanship. The Independent Party majority. I think that is all I need to the reading public about that voting in the Senate is interested in only one say about it this afternoon. .I shan· record. I believe that an analysis of my issue in connection with all matters, await the conference of the Democratic voting record will show it is a pretty namely, What is the public's interest? Members of the Senate. sound record in the middle of the road. So these days I am receiving from every Mr. SMATHERS. Mr. President, will Mr. SMATHERS. Mr. President, may State in the Union a great many com- the Senator from Oregon yield? I ask the Senator from Oregon a ques­ munications from people in all walks Mr. MORSE. I am delighted to yield tion? I seek information. I do not of life, in one instance from the mayor to the Senator from Florida. know the answer. Does the Senator of a city and the president of the local Mr. SMATHERS. I wonder whether from Oregon believe it is within the chamber of commerce. People in all the Senator from Oregon would mind jurisdiction of the minority party lead­ walks of life are becoming interested in telling us why he has a preference for a ership to decide where the Senator the work of the Independent Party. corner· on the Democratic side rather should sit, or is it a matter that relates Before I finish with one of my com- than a corner on the other side. primarily to the majority party? mittee items this afternoon, I shall have Mr. MORSE. Is that not the lee side? Mr. MORSE. I have gone into the something to say on the subject of why Mr. SMATHERS. It depends on question and I believe the Senator from I think there ought to be a new section where one sits. It is not, looking down Florida will find, if he will check into started on the other side of the aisle from the chair. It might be so con­ it, that, unless someone wishes to raise for the seating of members of the Inde- sidered from the other side. an issue about it, it is merely a matter pendent Party. I am perfectly willing Mr. MORSE. It is, according to the of courteous accommodation of a Mem­ to accept a seat on the end. I am con- direction in which we are facing. I ber of the Senate, and a matter of Sen­ vinced that there is such increasing in- think it is a pretty good space. atorial courtesy. If someone wishes to terest in the Independent Party that it Mr. SMATHERS. Mr. President, will raise an issue about it, the subject would is only a matter of time before more the Senator yield further? go to the Commitee on Rules and Ad­ than one seat will have to be supplied Mr. MORSE. I say half facetiously m~nistra tion, and the committee would in the Senate for the Independent Party. and half seriously that I do think a mi­ then go into the very ''major" ques­ l think we ought to get the program nority should sit with the minority. tion as to where a minority Member of started. I see no reason why the Inde- Mr. SMATHERS. Obviously, at the the Senate should sit in the Chamber. pendent Party should sit with the ma- moment, and we hope only temporarily, Does the Senator from Florida know jority party. I have a good many rea- there is more room on this side of the· what I think ought to be done? sons why I do not want to sit here, per- aisle. However, .as the Senator from Mr. SMATHERS. No, but I would be sonal and otherwise. I have good hear- Oregon knows·, the minority leader is interested to have the Senator tell me. ing. I am pretty thick skinned, but I looking_on the Senator's proposal with Mr. MORSE. I believe the matter am human. I hear the "asides." In all kindness and fairness, as he looks on should be handled in the same way in a social sitmi.tion or anywhere else, Mr. the Senator from Oregon kindly. which so many problems are handled in President, I do not like to foist myself Mr. MORSE. He has been very polite the Senate, namely, on the basis of a on others. I am perfectly willing to to me. gentlemen's understanding and a cour­ go off by myself. Mr. SMATHERS. The minority lead- teous man-to-man agreement. Once it ! am satisfied that increasing millions er looks very kindly on the Senator from is recognized that the junior Senator· of American people are going to be with Oregon and I know that the minority from. Oregon prefers to move his seat, so me, and I will say good naturedly that leader will try to give an answer to the long as he is not infringing on anyone's I prefer to associate with them anyway. Senator from Oregon. What the mi- seniority rights, the attitude should be: So I have suggested to the minority nority leader is trying to find out is, if "Of course, if .you want to sit over there leader, and I have cleared the sugges- the Senator from Oregon should move your seat will be moved over there." My tion with the majority leader so far as to the location indicated, and in a year occupancy of the seat I have asked for he personally is concerned, that I be or so the question of seniority should would interfere ·with no one's rights at given a seat in the back row on the come up, would the Senator ·then move all, and I would be very much surprised Democratic side of the aisle, not a his position to the left, to the right, for­ to find any personal objections from any Democratic seat. Let me clear up that ward, sideward, or remain in the same Senators sitting in the immediate sur- point right away. I mean an Independ- seat? -roundings on the minority side. ent seat. I do not think the Democrats Mr. MORSE. The Senator from Ore­ Mr. SMATHERS. I can assure the have any ownership of the entire area gon is a fairly good horse trader, ·but Senator from Oregon that, speaking for of the Semite across the aisle. I think he ne-:er offers to trade horses in the minority leader, the minority leader the Independent Party is entitled to have futurity. does want to accommodate the Senator a few square feet on the minority side. Mr. SMATHERS. That is the reason from Oregon as a person just as he would The PRESIDING OFFICER and world Mr. CAPEHART, My personal opin­ crises will urge the complete utilization of Mr. MORSE. I am sure my good friend ion is that the able Senator from Oregon the existing airport facilities at Hope, Ark. from Indiana is speaking hypothetically. thoroughly and completely and 100 per­ With kindest regards, we are, I cannot imagine the Senator from Indi­ cent enjoys being different. Respectfully yours, ana ever having the intellectual flexibil­ : Mr. MORSE. I wish to assure the JOHN L. WILSON, ity which would cause him to want to Senator from Indiana that I would not· Mayor, City of Hope. become a member of an Independent enjoy being like him; I enjoy that kind BEN J. OWEN, Party and to place in first position an of difference. President, Hope Chamber of Commerce. independent judgment on the facts per­ The PRESIDING OFFICER. If Sena­ Mr. President, I ask unanimous con­ taining to issues. tors will allow the -Chair to make an sent to have the memorandum which 1953 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-- SENATE 2165 they sent with·their letter "incorporated­ and rivers-which-afford the finest in hunting reflecting unemployment are set forth as fol­ at this point in the RECORD. and fishing. lows: There being no objection, the ·memo­ ~ope, Ark., is served by three-major rail­ Male: 750 white and 350 colored. Female: roads which provide ample raH transporta­ 120 white and 60 'colored. randum was ordered to be printed in the tion. The Broadway of .Ainerica, Highway A f'!lrther breakdown of the above para­ RECORD1 as follows: No. 67, offers to Hope direct and short routes graph would indicate that the follo"wing are AIRBASE AT HOPE, ARK, to any point east and west and direct high­ immediately available: HOUSING ways extend from Hope north and south. The city of Hope, at this time, has some It is felt by the people of· this community White Colored 160 available housing units ready for occu­ that the experience gained during the south­ western proving grounds days of World War pancy. There are, within about 1 mile of Male F emale M ale F em ale the airport, the officers quarters erected for II affords us an opportunity to state with assurance that the necessary increase of pop­ ------1---1------the southwest proving ground, which con­ Skilled ______120 sists of 23 beautiful homes that have been ulation in connection with a jet bomber base 20 20, 0 can be very satisfactorily accommodated and 8emiskillcd______250 200 100 40 maintained in an excellent state of repair, Unskilled______350 140 150 30 that although privately owned at this time, absorbed in our community life. it is our opinion that these hous~ng facilities EMPLOYMENT AND ' LABOR-MARKET DATA ON AREA As to the type of character of the labor would be made available for governmental SERVED BY THE ARKANSAS EMPLOYMENT SE­ of this area, it is highly adaptable, easily purchase if desired. CURITY DIVISION OFFICE, HOPE, ARK. • trained, conscientious, and motivated by a Prescott, Ark., 15 miles to the east of Hope, In conformance with your request for la- desire for steady, gainful employment. has provided us with information which bor-market data, the following is submitted: shows that they have b,ousing facilities that AIRPORT DATA Total nonagricultural employment of Hope (a) Airport name: Hope Municipal Airport. accommodate about 300 families at this time. and its immediate environs, 2,500 individ­ The city of Prescott, in 1950, extended their (b) Nearest city: Hope, Ark. - water and sewer faciliti.es at a cost of $500,- uals employed in an estimated 307 establish­ (c) Distance and direction: 4 miles south. 000. This expansion accommodates 1,200 ments. (d) Population: 10,000. additional families and homes. Other util­ Lumber- and wood-producing 'industries (e) Other cities within 15-mile radius: ities are also available at these sites. comprise the chief field of employment with Prescott, Ark., 15 miles northeast, population In addition to this, there are several com­ 39 such industries listed employing approxi­ 4,000. munities within Hempstead County which mately 889 persons. (f) Other cities within 25-mile radius would comfortably accommodate several Active application files in the Arkansas State employment service number 1,214. Of families in existing facilities of housing. In Distance and Popu­ summary the housing facilities in this im­ this number 830 are within· easy commuting N ame direction lation mediate area is 860 units including apart­ distance of the Hope area. Male applicants total 489, while the female are listed at 341. ments and houses and sites with utilities T exarkana, Ark.-Tex___ _ 30 miles west ______29, 000 available for 1,700 additional homes. Considering the fact that some of the labor Lewisville, Ark ______27 m iles south ______3, 000 force of the community is not listed with Nashville, Ark______26 miles north ______4,000 PUBLIC SCHOOL FACILITIES the employment service, the following figures The present school facilities in the city of Hope can accommodate an additional 750 Runways students. School facilities in small towns 'and communities within Hempstead County Num.l · can accommodate an additional 1,200 to .1,500 Direction ber L ength Width . Wind coverage Capacity Glide angle students according to the county school --- supervisor. The Nashville public school sys­ Feet Feet tem can at the present time accommodate North-northwest south- 1 5, 500 150 approximately 400 additional students. The southeast. ~100 percent up to 10 ntiles 15,.000 pounds 41 :0 or better. Northeast southwest ______per hour within 30° of wheel load. Prescott public school system can accommo­ 1 5, 500 150 runways. date approximately 300 addtiioilal students. West-northwest east-south- 1 5, 500 150 To summarize the existing school facilities east. in the Hope area some 2,950 additional stu­ dents can be accommodated at this time. · Aprons THE ABILITY OF THE CITY OF HOPE TO ABSORB POPULATION INCREASE Area Length Width Capacity Remarks During World War II the Federal Govern­ ment built the southwestern proving ground in Hempstead County about 4 miles from the .Feet Feet city of Hope. During the construction of 8,000 square yards_ 506 150 8,000 square yards. 506 150 !15,000 pounds wheel load .. Hangar js completely surrounded by concrete this project Hope accommodated an addi­ 2,500 square yards. 150 150 apron 150 feet wide on all four sides. tional population of about 6,000 to 8,000 2,500 square yards. 150 150 people. The population of the city of Hope at that time was about 7,500. During the continued operation of the Taxiways GENERAL INFORMATION, HOPE AND HEMPSTEAD proving ground there were about 1,500 fam­ COUNTY, ARK. ilies absorbed by the city of Hope in addi­ Area (square yards) Length I Width Capacity 1. Climate tion to its normal population. -----1------(a) Elevation above sea level, 350 feet. Since World War II there have been built Feet Feet (b) Precipitation, 1952, precipitation 65.66; in the city of Hope approximately 300 addi­ 55,555______------2, 000 yearly average precipitation over past 45 tional housing units and other community 16,666 ___ _------2, 000 ~g }15, 000 pounds 1,000 100 wheelload. years, 53.34; humidity, 81 percent, several­ facilities have been expanded accordingly. 11,111 (2) ------year average. There have been four brand new school (c) Natural dis~ster frequencies: Wind­ buildings erected in addition to one new one Hangars storm, no record; floods, none on record; to replace an old one. One brick and steel, clear opening, steel tornados, only two on record. Both missed Recently the city government of Hope has trusses; 120 feet by 140 feet; 16,800 square­ Hope about 10 miles. One was in 1921, the inaugurated a parks and recreation depart­ foot area. other in 1946. No frequency pattern estab­ ment which is directed by full-time trained Flying weather lished. Sand and dust storms, none on rec­ personnel. The recreational facilities of the ord. city of Hope have been expanded to such an Below 2. Community post office service extent that we have accommodated crowds Visual Instru­ mini­ in excess of 5,000 people on such occasions ment mum Postmaster, Robert Wilson. The United as Horace Heidt, Xavier Cugat, etc. States Post Offi.ce in Hope is a medium sized, Narrows Dam which was built by the Fed­ ---=------1------first-class post office. The doors are open Percent Percent Percent eral Government on Little River impounds Spring______60 25 15 from 4 a. m. to 9 p. m. and the window is a large amount of water over an acreage with Summer______75 15 10 open from 8 a. m. to 5 p. m. 6 days each 175 miles of shoreline. There are ample cot­ FalL------80 10 10 week. Town-city carriers provide once a ages, boats, picnic and dining facilities along Winter______60 35 15 day deiivery and the business district has with the finest of fishing and other outing two deliveries daily. One star route is op­ activities at Narrows Lake which is situated Temperature, 1952 erated from the Hope Post Offi.ce. The only a few miles from the Hope and Nash- Maximum, 103; minimum, 24; mean, 65 postmaster, assistant postmaster, and eight ville area. · regular clerks provide the offi.ce with its staff. There are several hunting and fishing clubs Precipitation, 1952 Mail is· received and dispatched nine times in the county and quite a number of lakes Annual, 44; maximum 24 hours, 3.1. daily by trains in and out each way. 2166 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE March 20 . 3. Special community facilities employment for those who are only part­ Transportation home and to wo'rk is pro­ (a) Medical facilities: There are 10 prac­ time employed. Certainly a new plant would vided by a fleet of taxicabs. The Railway ticing physicians in Hope. Nine are white increase retail and wholesale trade in this Express Co. operates an office in the Missouri and one is colored. Three hospitals provide community and its vicinity. It is not felt Pacific Station with pickup and delivery a total of 80 beds, and two of these hospitals that a new plant would make this a boom service. are privately owned while the third is a non­ town, but would serve to bolster and stabilize 8. Water profit corporation operated by a board o! the economy of Hempstead County. Underlying, Hope, Hempstead County. directors. The county has voted to build a (d) War risk: Closeness to primary tar­ Ark., is two water-producing sands, the new hospital and is· now collecting the tax gets--The Red River Arsenal is located 46 Tokio and the Nacatoch. The depth to the for the project. This county hospital will miles from Hope and the Shumaker Naval bottom of the Nacatoch is 620 feet and to replace two of the present facilities and will Ordnance is located 60 miles southeast of the bottom of the Tokio is 1,480 feet. The have approximately a 75-bed maximum. Hope. Barksdale Air Force Base is 100 miles thickness is 130 feet. This is accurate as it This would give an approximate total of 100 south of Hope. was determined by an electric log of a wen. (e) Insurance rates and bank facilities: beds. ~ix drug stores, each one with a reg­ The Nacatoch sand has produced 340 gal­ istered pharmacist, provide the community Inside city-Owner and occupied dwelling, lons per minute during acceptance tests of with ample drug facilities. fl.'I'e and extended coverage, $7.50 per $1,000 the wells and the -Tokio has produced 380 There is a Federation of Women's Garden per year; tennant-occupied dwelling, fire and gallons per minute during the same kind of Clubs and a Hope Music Club, both of which extended coverage. Outside city-Dwelling, test. The specific yield in each case is ap­ are active in a cultural and civic way. The fire and extended coverage, $14.40 per $1,000 per year. The industrial insurance rates in proximately 2.25 gallons per foot of draw­ music club sponsors a concert program each down. These tests, of course, in reality are season which brings in three outstanding this area are determined by the Arkansas Rating and Inspection Bureau, Little Rock. tests of the capacity of the pump used and artists. The Hope Youth Center is spon­ not of the maximum possible production of sored by the civic agencies who are interested Bank facilities: Hope is served by two na­ the well. in the cultural and civic life of the young tional banks with a combined total of assets people . . of approximately $10 million. Total daily check clearance for both banks, about $400,- {From the Arkansas Gazette of March 15, (b) Religious facilities: The religious fa­ 1953] cilities of Hope include churches of the Bap­ 000. tist, Methodist, Presbyterian, Assembly of 5. Labor CURE FOR CROWDED SCHOOL CONDITIONS HINGES God, Episcopal, Pentecostal, and Catholic (a) Wage rates: Prevailing wage rates in ON BOND ISSUE VOTE TUESDAY creeds and faiths. Many of these churches Hope is 80 cents per hour for unskilled labor. (By James L. Meadow) have educational and recreational buildings Semiskilled wages vary with the different job Amid the recent furor involving legisla­ and facilities. Two of these churches were cHtssifl.cations in the plants. tion and administration affecting the Little completed in 1951 and the others have been (b) Percentage of homeowners: Approxi­ Rock schools, the prime issue confronting kept in a good state of repair. In addition mately 75 percent; turnover . of homes, me­ voters about the schools was shoved into the to the Sunday services, most of the churches dium to slow. background. have midweek services. There are brother­ (c) Death and birth rate: Birth rate- Voters in the district will go to the polls hoods, auxiliaries, etc. The main auditorium 1940, 19.9; 1949, 25.1. Death rate-1940, 8.8; Saturday to approve or reject a proposed tax of the First Baptist Church accommodates 1949, 8.1. increase from 32 to 40 mills to finance a $4 1,000 people and is used by the community (d) Labor disputes: There are no labor million bond issue for a gigantic expansion on various special occasions. The colored disputes on record in Hope with the excep­ program. population have adequate religibus facilities tion of nationwide railroad and telephone The proposed building program resulted also. strikes. (c) Education facilities: The Hope public from long and careful study by the school schools are second to none in physical plant 6. Taxes board and its consultants of the present and quality of training. Four grade schools (a) Personal property tax: The tax rate in overtaxed system and the trends for future are conveniently located in each of the four Hempstead County is the same on personal needs. city wards. Two of these buildings were and real property tax, which is $43.50 per NOT A CURE-ALL built in 1949. The high school and the $1,000 assessed value inside the city. Out­ From the outset of the discussion the board junior high school are situated on t he same side the city limit the rate is $38.50 per at no time contended that a bond issue in grounds. The junior high school was com­ $1,000 assessed value. The tax rate breaks the proposed amount was a cure-all for tL.e pleted in 1951. On these some 40 acres o! down thusly·: General tax, 5 mills; road tax, present crowded conditions. school property are J..ocated the football sta­ 3 mills; courthouse bond retirement, 1.5 On th~ other hand, it appears now that dium, the "home ec" cottage, the band build­ mills; hospital tax, 3 mills; library tax, 1 one of the major needs-a new senior school ing, "agri" and shop building, and the gym. mill. The corporation tax rate is 5 mills. in the Pulaski Heights area-will have to be Present school facilities can accommodate (b) Tax trends: The tax trend in Hemp­ delayed because the bond issue, even if ap­ about 450 additional students. stead County compares with that of the proved, may not afford enough funds for the (d) Recreational facilities: Hope's muni­ country in that, in recent years, the rate has entire program. cipal park consists of forty landscaped and increased. That is due primarily for im­ School officials, however, are hopeful that well-equipped acres for play and recreation. proved and additional school facilities. by close bargaining on contracts if the bond There is a swimming pool, tennis courts, and These additions have now been completed. issue is successful to "squeeze" all of the plenty of playground equipment for childrren. 7. Transportation facilities program, including the high school, into the A baseball park, seating about 2,000 people is Charter plane service is available at the designated amount. here also. This beautiful park is the home Hope Municipal' Airport. The Texarkana PROJECTS of the annual Third District Livestock Show Municipal Airport, 30 miles west on Highway and Fair. The main building, the coliseum, Here is what the board proposes to do 67, is served by three airlines. American with the $4 million if the voters approve: houses the rodeo arena and the exhibit hall. Airlines have scheduled 4 flights daily, pas­ Several gas-fed barbecue pits and picnic Three new junior high schools, one of senger and cargo, 2 east and 2 west. Mid­ them for Negroes, will be constructed. t ables make this an ideal spot for outdoor Continent .Airlines have 2 flights scheduled entertainment. Two Malco theaters provide daily, 1 north and 1 south. Central Airlines Two new elementary schools, one of them motion-picture entertainment of the highest has 1 flight to and 1 from Dallas daily. for Negroes, will be built. type. The Saenger was built in 1949 and Five of the worst crowded schools will be seats about 1,000 people. The Rialto seats ( ~) Land transportation: Hope is served by three major railroads, the Missouri Pa­ enlarged. 600. In 1951 the Saenger _won the Malco One new senior high school will be bull t Theater Award. Hope has a municipally cific, Louisiana & Arkansas, and the Frisco. The Missouri Pacific has scheduled 10 if enough money remains. Estimates for its owned and operated park very well equipped · construction run in excess of $800,000. for colored. freight trains daily each way with direct or connecting service to all points from Hope. Actually, the board will ha.ve at its dis­ 4. Type of government The L. & A. goes south to Shreveport twice posal $4,073,000 if the bond issue is success­ Hope, Ark., is governed by a mayor and a daily and from there has service to all points. ful. The additional $73,000 was allocated in council form of government. Two aldermen The Frisco leaves daily for Fort Smith, 1949 for renovation of the Gibbs Elementary from each of the four ci.ty wards make up Kansas City, and all points north an·d west. School for Negroes and is still on hand. the council. The Missouri Pacific has four passenger The proposed construction would call for (a) Bonded indebtedness: City, none; trains scheduled daily. changing virtually all of the areas served by county, $80,000 (county courthouse). Motor: The Arkansas Motor Freight and present schools. The shifting in all cases (b) Laws applying to industry: There are the East Texas Motor Freight companies op­ would result in smaller areas served by each no city or county laws which apply only to erate depots in Hope. The two firms pro­ school. industry. State laws only. vide either direct or connecting service to TWO SITES PICKED (c) Effect of new plant on community: air points in the United ·States. The sites for only two of the new schools Some number of citizens of Hope and Hemp­ Passenger bus service is available by the have been determined already. The board, stead County have been forced, in the past Arkansas Motor Coach, Missouri Pactfl.c however, has agreed on the general location year, to find suitable employment in neigh­ Motor Coach, and the Continental Trailways, for the other structures. Final determina­ boring towns. A new plant would bring all making several arrivals and departures tion and purchase will await outcome of the those people back home an~ would provide daily. bond issue voting. 1953 CONGRESSIONAL. R.l!CORD ~SENATE 2167 Specific estimates on the cost of the indl- ·ENDORSED BY NEGRO GROUP Mr. President, at this point I ask vidual structures also must await further A citizens ·committee of the Colored unanimous consent to have printed in negotiations, om.cials said. Competitive bid- PTA Council endorsed the Little Rock the RECORD the article which appeared ding and site costs may vary considerably school bond issue yesterday and recom­ from preliminary planning on the ·projects, it mended communitywlde support of it. . this morning in the Washington Times­ was explained. Herald. The overall planning for the construction • I. S. McClinton, a member of the commit- There being no objection, the article program was guided by the desired ratio of tee, said the group would sponsor a mass not more than 30 pupils for each teacher- meeting at 8 p. m. Thursday at the First was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, room in the various schools. The enrol'lment Congregational Church, Ninth and State as follows: in all elementary schools now exceeds that Streets, to discuss the bond issue. SHIPS SOLD TO GREECE BY UNITED STATES NOW .figure in one or more rooms. The citizens committee previously had ap- CARRYING GOODS TO REDS Projection of the crowded conditions, along proved the proposed bond issue by the Pu­ (By Frank Holeman) with student enumeration trends, deter- Iaski County Special (Rural) School district The fantastic story of how a mysterious mined what could be expected at the future but withheld a stand on the city issue until Greek millionaire built a worldwide shipping junior and senior high school levels. The it learned what the Negro schools would empire with the help of the United States most urgent aspects of the needed relief were receive from it. Government, and has ships now ferrying embodied in the proposed building program. Mr. MORSE. Mr. President, I have contraband goods to Red China and other SCHOOL FOR 1,000 gone into this matter sufficiently to sat­ Iron Curtain countries was disclosed yes­ The new senior high school would be con­ isfy me that a prima facie case exist:; terday. structed in the vicinity of Cantrel1 Road and that justifies thorough investigation by The mystery man is Starvros G. Livanos, Hayes Street, preferably in connection with . 61, who has offices at 52 Broadway, New York, Mr. Wilson, the Secretary of Defense, and lives in quiet luxury at the Plaza Hotel. one of the new junior high schools which will into the contest between Little Rock and be built in the area. Details of Livanos' amazing activities The senior high would accommodate 1,000 Hope, Ark., to see whether we are wast­ were dug out of files supplied to the Senate students and have 30 rooms, cafeteria, labor­ ing millions of dollars of the taxpayers' permanent investigating committee by the atories, shops, special rooms, and an audi­ money by not utilizing and reactivating Federal Maritime Administration, the Oftice torium-gymnasium. The area it would serve the base at Hope, Ark. As a former of Naval Intell1gence, and other Government would be roughly all of the city north of member of the Armed Services Commit­ agencies. West Markham Street. The present senior tee, I am satisfied that sufficient evi­ The committee, headed by Senator Mc­ high school would serve the rest of the city. dence exists in support of the position CARTHY (Republican, Wisconsin), is going to The junior high school in the northwest turn 'the spotlight on Livano~· dealings when section of the city would contain 25 class­ taken by the mayor and the president of it reopens its investigation of Iron Curtain rooms and accommodate about 750 students, the chamber of commerce at Hope, Ark., trade next Thursday. with cafeteria,, auditorium-gymnasium, and to establish a prima facie case for the Earlier, Senator McCARTHY revealed that auxiliary rooms. Students from the present reactivation of the base at Hope, rather 96 ships, on which the United States Gov­ Jefferson, Forest Park, and Fair Park ele­ than for the spending of some $55 mil­ ernment has mortgages totaling millions o! mentary districts would attend. lion for a new base at Little Rock. dollars, are engaged in the trade which has Another junior high school would be built TRANSPORTATION OF GOODS TO COMMUNIST been barred to ships fiying the American on a site al:ceady acquired at McKinley and COUNTRIES IN SHIPS SOLD BY THE UNITED fiag. ' 32d Streets apd serve about 1,000 students STATES LIVANOS, CHIEF OPERATOR from the present elementary districts o! The biggest single operator, it appears from Franklin, Oakhurst, and Wilson in the south­ Mr. President, the next item I wish to the files, is Livanos. He is expected to be west part of the city. The building would take up bears on an article entitled called as a major witness before the com­ contain 30 rooms, with cafeteria, auditorium­ "Ships Sold to Greece by United States mittee. gymnasium, and auxiliary rooms. Now Carrying Goods to Reds." The At least 28 ships in which Livanos is The area now served by Pulaski Heights article appeared in this morning's issue listed as having a major financial interest Junior High School would be reduced to care of the Washington Times-Herald. In have been spotted entering or leaving Iron for elementary stud~nts from the Pulaski the article it is pointed out that the Curtain ports from Dairen, Manchuria, to Heights and Woodruff districts and part of Odessa, Russia. the Lee district between 8th and 12th Streets. Senate committee headed by the Senator The West Side Junior High School area from Wisconsin [Mr. McCARTHY] is The Maritime Administration, it turns out, would be changed to include only the ele­ making an investigation of alleged trade has mortgages on 11 of the yessels involved, mentary districts of Centennial, Mitchell, totaling $3,129,700. They were sold to Li­ with the enemy behind the Iron Cur­ vanos' various companies at knockdown Garland, and the Lee district south of 12th tain, on the part of purchasers of certain prices after World War II. The lot went for Street. The area served by East Side Junior ships from the United States, ships $6,030,871-only a fraction of what they cost High School would remain unchanged. which have been sold to interests pur­ American taxpayers. UNIT FOR NEGROES portedly from behind the Iron Curtain; All the mortgaged ships are under Greek The building program also includes a but I am far from convinced, and I judge reg1stry, fiy Greek fiags, with crews of mixed junior high school containing 30 rooms for from the story that the committee is also nationality. United States fiag vessels have 1,000 Negro students to be located in the been barrel!· entirely from Chinese waters southeast section of Little Rock. The site far from convinced, that all the interests since 1950. They can only carry minor, non­ will be determined after a thorough survey themselves are behind th~ Iron Curtain. strategic goods to east European Communist and enumeration of the prospective enroll­ In my judgment this matter should be ports. ment. pursued thoroughly, because .on several How Livanos operates is shown by what One of the proposed new elementary occasions on the floor of the Senate I happened to a typical vessel, the Dudley M. schools would be located in the Booker have deprecated the tendency to ship to Hughes, an old Liberty ship. The Hughes Homes housing project for Negroes. It Communist China and to other potential was sold by the old United States Maritime would contain 14 rooms and care for 420 enemies, even in bottoms that may fly a Commission to the Theofano Maritime Co., pupils. This area was annexed to the Little Ltd., Piraeus, Greece, on February 10, 1947. Rock School district recently by the legisla­ so-called neutral flag, goods which will Its name was changed to the Aliaknon. aid the enemy and will result, directly or ture. Until the new schools are constructed, SAILED TO RUSSIA pupils in the area will attend the Washing­ indirectly, in larger casualty lists of ton a.nd Bush Elementary Schools and the American boys. The files of the Maritime Administration, Dunbar Junior High School. Mr. President, there has been sub­ which succeeded the old Commission in 1950, The other proposed elementary school, for show that beneficial owner of the vessel is mitted to me a documentation of former really S. Livanos & Co., Inc., 52 Broadway, which a site has been acquired at Eighth United States merchant ships on which and Arthur Streets, will relieve crowded con­ New York City. The registered owner is still ditions in the western part of the city. It the Federal Maritime Board, now the the Theofano Maritime Co., in Greece. will serve parts of the present Fair Park and United States Maritime Administration, Hitherto secret reports of the ONI show Franklin districts. holds mortgages, and which have traded that the Aliaknon sailed from Genoa, Italy, Funds for enlargement of Franklin School behind the Iron Curtain in China and on May 29, 1952, from Odessa, Russia. It were obtained through a Federal grant. Europe from July 1, 1950, to December passed Istanbul, Turkey, on June 3, 1952. It Additions for .five elementary schools are 31, 1952, so it has been going on for arrived at Alexandria, Egypt, June 15, 1952, proposed under the bond-issue program. some time. In my judgment it is a mat­ from Odessa. Plans call for 12 more rooms ' at Jefferson When next reported on August 13, 1952, School, 4 rooms at Oakhurst, 8 rooms at Wil­ ter that the former administration it sailed from Yokohama, Japan, for Tsing­ son, 4 rooms at Forest Park, and 2 rooms at should have done something about; and tao, a principal port in Red China. It left Parham. The Parham district also will be I a.m glad to cee that a committee of the Tsingtao on August 29 for Constantia, Red relieved of one block on the north, which will . new administration proposes to do some­ Rumania's port on the Black Sea. On Octo­ be placed in the Kramer district. thing about it~ ber 29, it left there for Cyprus. 2168- CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE March 20 The Maritime Commission has a $280,500 Mr. MORSE. Mr. President, since the the Iron Curtain, 78 to Communist China mortgage on the Aliaknon right now. The outbreak of hostilities in Korea 96 for- and 105 to Soviet bloc ports in Europe. sale price was $544,506. Government lawyers are going over the mer United States merchant ships of To me that is shocking and astound­ mortgage contract with a. fine-tooth comb, over 650,000 gross tons, sold under mort- ing. · I believe it is information which hunting for ·a way to pull the vessel back, gage by the United States Maritime Ad- ought to be made available to the Ameri­ or at least keep it out of Iron Curtain trade. ministration, and registered under for- ·can people. To that end let me say that So far, they confess, they are up against a eign flags, have traded behind the Iron I have before me a 12-page chart in blank wall. Curtain in China and Europe. :rhe which will be found data cataloged ALWAYS MAKES PAYMENTS United Sta~es Federal Ma~i~ime Boa;d. under appropriate headings. The first Livanos is always careful to make mort- · ~ow t~e Um~d States Mantime Admm- five pages contain a chart headed "For­ gage payments promptly. The insurance is Istratwn! sti_ll holds mortgages on a_ll mer United states Merchant Ships Sold paid- up. There is no recapture clause in these ships m the amount of approx1- to the Italian Government on Which the the contract. The vessels were sold under mately $25,000,000. U ·t d st t F d 1 M ·t· B d a law passed by Congress in 1946, to help Of these ships, 52 are registered in m e_ . a es _e . era . an Ime oar build up the war-ravaged merchant marine Greece, 40 in Italy, and 4 in France.

Amount Name Gross Beneficial owner and registered owner Sales price due (Apr. Voyage details tons 9, 1952)

Absirto (ex-Glen Curtiss)_------7,162 Societa de Navigazione per Azioni Lussino, $544,506 $280,500 Sailed Rotterdam Oct. 8, 1950, for Gdynia; arrived Venice Trieste; same. Nov. I3, 1950, from Gdynia. Aida Lauro (ex-John Einig) ______7,170 Lauro Achille, Fu Gioacchino & Co., 544,506 288,000 Sailed Spezia Mar. I7, 1951; arrived Constantza Mar. 23, Naples; same. 1951; sailed Constantza Apr. 3, 1951; arrived Buenos Aires May 4, 1951; sailed Istanbul July 29, 1951, for Bourgasand Constantza; sailed Constantza Aug. 13, I95I; arrived Buenos Aires Sept. 14, 1951. Angelina Lauro (ex-Benjamin M. 7,176 Lauro, Achille, Fu Gioacchino & Co., 544,506 280,500 Sailed Immingham Oct. 23, I950, for Gdynia; arrived Venice Brewster). Naples; same. Dec. 3 1950, from Gdynia; sailed Messina Nov. I5, 1952; arrived Odessa Nov. 19, 1952; sailed Odessa Dec.14, 1952; arrived Messina Dec. I9, 1952. Aspromonte (ex-George B . Porter) .. 7,154 Societa Co-Operativa de Navigaziomi Gari­ 544,506 306,000 Sailed Middlesbro Aug. 10, 1951,for Gdynia; sailed Gdansk baldi, A. R. L., Genoa; same. Aug. 24, 1951, for Civitavecchia. Ciclope (ex-J. Frank Cooper). ___ _ 7,189 Mattee Scuderi Catania, Sicily (Soc. de 544,506 306,000 Sailed Hong Kong Feb. 20, 1952, for Tsingtao; sailed Istan­ Nav. Marittima, Unione). bul Apr. 7, 1952, en route China to Bourgas; passed Istanbul Apr. 24, 1952, en route Bourgas to Italy. Citta Di Savona (ex-Robert Y. 7,155 Societa Anonima Importazione Carboni E. 544,506 306,000 Passed Istanbul June 9, 1951, en route Tunisia to Odessa· Haynes). Navigazione (Saicen) Savona; same. arrived Liverpool July 1, 1951 from Odessa; sailed Civi: tavecchia Aug. 28, I951, for Novorossisk; arrived Liver­ pool Sept. 23, I951; sailed Beirut Nov. 24,1951, for Odessa· arrived Belfas~ Jan. 2! I952; sailed Belfast Jan. 14, 1952; for Odessa; arnved Le1th Feb. 25, 1952, from Odessa. Delfin (ex-Jose J. Acosta) ______7,174 Societa di Navigazione, Polena, Genoa; 544,506 280,500 Sailed Spezia .July 5, 1950, for Gdynia; arrived Naples same. Aug. 6, I950, from Gdynia; sailed Emden Oct. 18, I952 for Gdynia; arrived Naples Nov. 18, 1952, from Gdynia: Emanuel V. Parodi (ex-Joseph E. 7,147 Societa per Azioni Emanuele V. Parodi, 544,506 288,000 Sailed New York Sept. 19, I951, for Gdynia; arrived Genoa Wing). Genoa; same. Nov. 5, 1951, from Gdynia. Fides (ex-James A. Wilder) ______7,182 Grimaldi, Fratelli Armatori, Naples-Genoa; 544,506 306,000 Sailed Rosario July 4, 1950, for Dairen; arrived· Aabenraa same. Oct. 30, 1950, from Dairen; sailed Norresondby Nov. IO 1950, for Gdansk; arrived Buenos Aires Dec. 22, 1950' from Gdynia. ' Frederic A. Eilers (ex-Frederic A. 7,152 Compagnia di Navigazione San Siro, Soc 544,506 280,500 Sailed Trieste Jan. 2, 1951, for Odessa; arrived London Eilers). Per Azioni, Genoa; same. Feb. 2, I951, from Odessa. Giacomo Fassio (ex-Nathan S. 7,164 Villain & Fassio, Societa Anonima Italians 544,506 288,000 Sailed :M;arseille ;Apr. 27, 1950, and Haiphong June 18, 1950, Davis). de Navigazione Mercantilo, Genoa; same. for Darren; arnved Malmo Aug. 23, I950, from Dairen GiambaUista (ex-Ben B. Lindsey) _ 7,184 Societa di Navigazione Dani & C., Genoa; 544,p06 306,000 Sailed Antwerp Aug. 19, 1951, for Murmansk; sailed Mm­ same. mansk Aug. 31, I951, for Gdynia; arrived Genoa Oct. 4 I951, ~om ~dynia; sailed Antwerp Nov. 7, 1951, fo; Gdyma; arnved Savona Dec. 6, 195I, from Gdynia· sailed Bona Dec. 17, 1951, for Gdynia; arrived Genoa Jan. 26, 1952, from Gdynia; sailed Baltimore Nov. 5 1952; arrived Hamburg Nov. 24, 1952; sailed Hamburg Nov. 27, 1952, for Gdynia; sailed Gdynia Dec. 10 1952· arrived Civitavecchia Dec. 24, 1952. ' ' Gioacchino Lauro (ex-Luther S. 7,158 Lauro Achille, Fu Gioacchino & C., Naples; 544,506 280,500 Sailed Savona Nov. 4, I950, for Bourgas and Constantza· Kelly). same. arrived Buenos Aires Dec. 30, I950, from Constantza~ sailed Genoa June 10, 1951, for Constantza; arrived BuenoS Aires July 8, 1951, from Constantza. Giorgio (ex. Lilian Wald) _------J,165 Insom, Enrico, Fu Antonio, Rome; same ___ 544,506 280, ·500 Sailed Bahia Blanca Oct. 2, 1950, for Gdynia; arrived Venice Dec. 17, 1950 from Gdynia. Grijone (ex-John A. Roebling) ____ 7, I81 Compagnia di Navigazione Arrivabono, 544,506 306,000 Sailed Piraeus Sept. 26, 1952, for Black Sea. Leonardo, S. P. A. Venice. Humanita.fl (ex-Claus Spreckles) __ 7,167 Ravano, Alberto, Fu Pietro Genoa (asso- 544,506 280,500 Sailed London June 28, 1950, for Gdansk; arrived Leghorn ciated with Tidewatel' Commercial Co., July 21, 1950, fr~m Gdf;Ulsk; sailed Marseilles Dec. 29, 1950, Inc., Maryland Trust Bldg., Baltimore, for Odessa; arnved B1zerta Jan. 8, 1951, from Odessa. Md.) (Soc. per Azioni Industria Arma- nento.) Italcielo (ex- Walter Wyman) _____ 7, 097 Italnavi Societa di Navigazione per Azioni, 544,506 280,000 Sailed Alexandria Dec. 4, 1951, for Novorossisk; sailed Genoa; same. :.r:-rovoro~isk Dec. I9, 1951; arrived G!as~ow Jan. I, 1952. Italico (ex-Howard Gray)_------7,177 Ditta Marino Queroi, Genoa; same______544,506 312,000. Sa1led M1ddlesbro Nov. 2, 1950, for GdYll!a; arrived Oxelo­ Italterra (ex-Nelson Dingley)_. ____ sund Nov.18, 1950, from Gdynia. 7,155 Italnavi Societa di Navigazione per Azioni, 544,506 280,500 Sailed Marseilles Dec. 18, 195I, for Odessa; arrived A von· Genoa; same. mouth Jan. 20 1952, from Odessa. 1953 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENAT;E 2169

Former United States merchant ~hips sold to the Ita_lian Government 01"!- w~ich t~e U. · S. Federal Maritime Board (Maritime Administration) now holds mortgages and whtch have tr.aded behtnd the Iron Curtatn tn Chma and Europe, July 1, 195G-Dec. 31, 1952-Continued

Amount Name Gross Beneficial owner and registered owner Sales price ' due (Apr. Voyage details tons 9, 1952)

Laura Lauro (ex-ElwoodHayms)_ 7,176 Lauro, Achille, Fu Gioacchino &: C., Naples $544,506 $288,000 Sailed Leghorn Sept. 16 . 1950, for Qdynia; sailed Gdynia {Naples). Oct. 13, 1950; arrived Genoa Oct. 27, 1950; sailed Bagnoli Mar. 21,_1951, for Cons~ntza; sailed Constantza Apr. 7, 1951; arnved Buenos Arres May 8, 1951. Louil Plllteur (ex-Louil Pasteur)_· 7,195 : Romano, Raffaele, Fu Domenico, Naples 544,506 306,000 Sailed Rotterdam Sept. 24, 1951 for Gdynia; arrived Venice (Soc. Raffaele Romano e Pasquale Maz­ Oct. 24, 1951, from Gdynia; sailed Genoa Nov. 6, 1952; zella). arrived Gdynia _in December; arrived Algiers Dec. 25, 1952, from Gdyma. Maria BiboUui (ex-Wm. H. . 7, 167 Giovanni B. Bibolini, Genoa; same ______544, 506 280,500 Sailed Venice June ~. 1950, for Nicolaiett; arrived Hull Moodv). July 22, 1950, from Odessa; sailed Tyne Sept. 23, 1950, for Gdansk; arrived Venice Oct. 27, 1950, from Gdansk. Maria Parodi (ex-Wm. I. Cham­ 7,184 Societa per Azioni Emanuelo V. Parodi, 544,506 306,000 Sailed Hamburg Oct. 11, 1950, for Gdansk; arrived Genoa berlin). Genoa; same. Nov. 3, 1950, from Gdansk. · Matteo Mar&ano (ex-Pere(/Tine 7,172 AdreaMarsano, Genoa (Cia. LigurediNav.)_ 544, 506 306, ()()() White). Sa~~~-~~~~9To.~~~ ~J~q;/or Gdynia; arrived Antwerp Nazareno (ex-Augustm St. 7,173 Societa Co-Operativa di Navigaziono Gari­ 544,500 306,000 Sailed Pepel Aug. 6, 1950; arrived Gdynia Aug. 26, 1950; Guadens). baldi, A. R. L., Genoa; same. sailed Gdynia Sept. 3, 1950; arrived Venice Sept. 19, 1950· sailed Middlesbro Nov. 11, 1950; arrived Gdansk Nov. 14; 1950; arrived Buenos Aires Dec. 26, 1950, from Gdansk. Nazario Sauro (ex-Jame~ Oliver 7,193 Navigazione Libera Giuliana, Genoa; same.. 544,506 306, 000 Sailed Gdynia June 20, 1950; arrived Genoa July 5, 1950· Curwood). sailed Bombay Sept. 21, 1950, for Dairen; arrived Rotter~ dam Dec. 22, 1950, from Dairen. Ninetta Gavarone (ex-Jamu G. 7,165 Bozo & Rollo, Genoa Giuseppe Gavarone 544,506 306,000 sap~~ ~~eb~;ft~v8ec~~~:or Gdynia; sailed Gdynia Sept. 25, McQuire). . Fu Giuseppe Genoa. 9 Olimpia (ex-James Screven) ______7,2[)7 Lauro,.Acbille, Fu Gioaccbino, Naples; same. 544,506 306,000 Sailed Civitavecchia Apr. 29, 1951, for Constant:r;a; arrived Buenos Aires June 13, 1951, from Constantza. OTI!olina (ex-Grant Wood) ______7,171 Michele Bottiglieri & C., Torre del Greco, 544,506 . 280,000 Sailed Sauda July 10, 1950, for Gdynia; arrived Algiers July Italy; same. . 31, 1950, from Qdynia. Patrizia Fassio (~-Howard E. 7,190 Villain & Fassio, Societa .Anonima Italiana 544,506 280,500 Sailed Mouston Oct. 14, 1952; arrived Trieste Nov. 11, 1952; " Coffin). di Navigazione Mercantile, Genoa; same. sailed Trieste. Nov. 13, 1952; arrived Novorossisk in November; arrived Liverpool Dec. 9, 1952, from Novoros­ sisk. Pietro Bibolini (ex-John B. Ken­ 7,181 Giovanni B. Bibolini, Genoa; same ______544,506 306,000 Sailed Glasgow Nov. 6, 1950, for Gdynia; arrived Buenos drick). Aires Jan. 5, 1951 from Gdynia; sailed Gerioa Dec. 18, 1951 for Odessa; arrived Barry Jan. 16, 1952, from Odessa. RiaUo {ex-Henrr C. Paflne) ____ _ 7,153 Compagnia Armatoriale Italiana S. A. s .. 544,506 280,500 Sailed Alexandria Nov. 22, 1950, for Bourgas; arrived Venice; same. Buenos Aires Jan. 15, 1951 from Constantza; sailed Palem­ bang Mar. 19, 1952, for Tsingtao; arrived Singapore Apr. 18, 1952 from Tsingtao. Santa Rita (ex-John H. Thomas)_ 7.175 Santa Rita Societa di Navigazione S. P. A., 544,506 288,000 Sailed Hull July 29, 1950, for Gdynia; arrived Spezia Aug. Genoa; same. 23, 1950; sailed Saffi in November 1950 for Gdansk; ar­ rived Genoa Dec. 19, 1950, from Gdansk. Saronno (ex-Charles Robimon) __ _ 7,175 Compagnia ltaliana Marittima, Rome; 544,506 306,000 Sailed Middlesboro Oct. 24 1950, for Gdansk; arrived Genoa same. Dec. 4, 1950, from GdansK.1 Sibilla (ex-David L. Swain) ____ _ 7,175 Lauro & Montella, Naples and Torre del 544,506 ' 299,200 Sailed Liverpool July 22, 1950, for Gdynia; sailed Gdynia Greco {Cennaro Montella Fu Onoirio). for Naples; sailed Naples Sept. 6, 1950, for Constantza; arrived Buenos Aires Nov. 6, 1950, from Constantza. Trevilo (ex-Samuel Samuels)____ 2, 066 Societa per Azioni ~i Navigazione .Adria­ 468,817 280,800 Sailed Istanbul Dec. 7, 1951, for Bourgas; arrived Venice tion, Venice and Trieste; same. Dec; 28, 1951, from Bom-gas. Vt~ltntitw Bibotini (ex-Frank M. 7,144 . Giovanni B. Bibolini, Genoa; same_------­ 544,506 280,500 Arrived Glasgow July 16, 1950, from Odessa; sailed Ham­ .Dodd). burg Oct. 16, 1952, for Gdynia; sailed Gdynia Oct. 31, 1952; arrived Ancona Nov. 15, 1952. Versilia (ex-EdtoJJT& G. Achu

Mr. MORSE. I have a similar chart, time Board-Maritime Administration­ be printed in the RECORD at this pbint. page 6 of this 12-page compilation, en­ Now Holds Mortgages, and Which Have There being no objection, page 6 of titled "Former United States Liberty Traded Behind the Iron CUrtain, July the chart was ordered . to be printed in Ships Sold to the Republic of France, on 1, 1950, to December 31, 1952." I make the RECORD, as follows: Which the United States F'ederal Mari- the same request, that that material Former United States Liberty ships sold to the Republic of France on which the U. S. Federal Maritime Board (Maritime Administration) . now holds mortgages and which have traded behind the Iron Curtain-July 1, 1950-Dec. 31, 1952

Amount Sales due Gross Beneficial owriers Registered owners .Voyage details Name tons price (April9, . 1952) Bastia (ex-Andrew 7,176 Compagnie de Navigation Cyprien Marine Marchande $544,506 $288,240 Sailed Aarhus, Oct. 8, 1952; arrived Gdansk, Oct. 18, Carnegie). Fabre, Marseilles. (Government of 1952; sailed Gdynia Oct. 23, 1952; arrived Genoa, France). Nov. 5, 1952. _____ do ______Sailed Saigon, Mar. 2, 1952; arrived Shanghai, Mar. 9, Grenobl·e (ex-Henrfl 7,1~ Comp~ie de M(',gsageries, Mari- 544,506 288,240 George). tim('s, Paris, Marseilles, and 1952; arrived Dairen, Mar. 11, 1952; sailed Dairen, London. Mar. 26; 1952 for Dunldrk. _____ do _____ -----_------·-_ 544,506 288,240 Sailed Dunklrlr, Apr. 20, 1950; arrived Taku Bar, Mortain (ex-Stephen 7,176 _____ dO------July 18, 1950; arrived Yokohama, July 30, 1950, from Johnson Field). Taku Bar. 7,176 _____ do-----______•• -----•------___ _.dO------544,506 299,4~ Sailed Haiphong, May 10. 1952, for Taku Bar; sailed Oyonnax (ex- Wilbur o. Taku Bar, May 25b 1952; arrived Constantza, July 4, Atwater). 1952; passed !stan ul July 15, 1952, en route Con- stantza t<> Marseilles.

. Mr. MORSE. Then, Mr. President, I used in trade behind the Iron Curtain, There being no objection, pages 7 to 12 have a chart, pages 7 to 12, inclusive, with China, and in Europe. I ask per­ of the chart were ordered to be printed which covers the ships that were sold to mission to have these pages of the chart in the RECORD, as follows: Greek concerns, and which have been inserted at this point in my remarks. 2170 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE March t20 Former United States merchant ships sold to Greek concerns on which the U. S. Federal Maritime Board (Maritime Administration) sWl holds mortgages and which have traded behind the Iron Curtain in China and Europe-July 1, 195o-Dec. 31, 1952 ,

Amount Name Gross To whom sold Beneficial owner and Sales due (Apr. Voyage details tons registered owner price 9, 1952)

Aghios Nicolaos (ex- 7,176 N. C. Madjipateras (1947) ______Constantine Madji- $544,506 $280,500 Sailed Antwerp Nov. 16, 19&0, for gtettin; sailed Stettin Gushing Eels). pateras & Sons, Odos Dec. 4, 1051; arrived Shimizu Jan. 30, 1951; sailed A veroff 12, Athens; Noji Aug. 12, 1951, for Dairen; sailed·Dairen Aug. 26, A. C. Madjipateras & 1951; arrived Madras Sept. 14, 1951; sailed Hartlepool N. C. Madjipateras. Den. 15, 1951, for Wismar; arrived Hartlepool Jan. 7, 1952, from W!smar. Akti (ex- W. B. Rodgers). 7,176 Livanos Bros. Maritime Co., Ltd., S. Livanos & Co., Inc., 544,506 280,500 Sailed Yawata May 13, 1951, for Dairen; sailed Dairen 1\!egaron Economou, Piraeus 52 Broadway, New June 5, 1951; arrived Hamburg July 30, 1951; sailed (1947). York; Livanos Bros. Yawata July 31, 1952, for Tsingtao; arrived Hamburg Maritime Co., Ltd., Oct. 23, 1952, from Tsingtao. Magaron Economou, Piraeus. Alfios (ex-Alexander 7,176 Theofano Maritime Co., Ltd., S. Livanos & Co., Inc., 544,506 280,500 Sailed Hakodate May 25, 1951 for Dairen; sailed Dairen Wilson). Megaron Economou, Piraeus 52 Broadway, New June 20, 1951; arrived Madras July 12, 1951; sailed (1947). York; Theofano Mari- Muroran Sept. 10, 1951 for Dairen; sailed Dairen time Co., Ltd., Sept. 30, 1951; arrived Madras Oct. 19, 1951; sunk off Megaron Economou, Saigon Apr. 2, 1952. Piraeus. Aliakmon (ex-Dudley M. 7, 234 ____ .do ______------____ .do ______------__ 544,506 280,500 Sailed Genoa May 29, 1952 for Odessa; passed Istanbul Ht£ghes). June 3, 1952; arrived Alexandria June 15, 1952 from Odessa; sailed Yokohama Aug. 13, 1952 for Tsingtao sailed Tsingtao Aug. 29, 1952 for Constantza; sailed Constantza Oct. 29, 1952 for Cyprus. Anastassios Patera& (ex- 7,177 Demetrios A. Pateras, Chios, Lemos & Patemas, Ltd., 544,506 280,500 Sailed Shimizu July 24, 1950, for Taku Bar; sailed Moj Obetty 7ane). Greece (1946). London; Demetrios A. -Apr. 13, 1951, for Taku Bar; arrived Rotterdam Jun Pateras, Chios. 4, 1951 from Taku Bar; sailed Muroran Aug. 13, 1951 for Taku Bar; sailed Dairen Aug. 31, 1951; arrived 'Hamburg Oct. 18, 1951. AnnaL. Condylis (ex- 7,191 Nicolaos L. Condylis, Athens Orion Shipping&: Trad- 544,506 272,000 Sailed Venice Feb. 11, 1951, for Novorossisk; arrived Wm. Grayson). (1946). ing Co., Inc., 80 Broad Antwerp Mar. 13, 1951, from Novorossisk; sailed St., New York; Nico- Osaka June 21,1951, for Dairen;-sailed Dairen July 5 laos L. Condylis, 1951; arrived Calcutta Aug. 7, 1951. Athens. Antonia (ex-John Con- 7,176 Spyros A. Lemos, Oinoussai, Lemos & Pateras, Ltd., 544,506 255,000 Sailed Kamaishi July 10, 1951, for Tsingtao; sailed stantine). Chios (1947). London; Spyros A. Tsingtao July 23, 1951; arrived Hamburg Sept. 14 Lemos, Oinoussai, 1951; sailed Camalti May 5, 1952, for Tsingtao: sailed Chios. Tsingtao July 2, 1952, for Gdynia; arrived Bremer haven Sept. 12 1952, from Gdynia. Asteria (ex-Henry H. 7,176 Hector c. Dracoulis, Athens, Hector c. Dracoulls, 544,506 280,500 Sailed Antwerp Oct. 1, 1950, for Gdynia; arrived Buenos Sidley). Greece. Athens; same. Aires Nov. 21, 1950, from Stettin; sailed Yokohama Sept. 6, 1951; arrived Tsingtao Sept. 11, 1951; sailed Tsingtao Sept.16, 1951, for Gdynia; arrived Hampton Roads Dec. 6, 1951, from Gdynia. Axios (ex-James Ives) ___ _ 7,176 Livanos Maritime Co., Ltd., S. Livanos & Co., Inc., 544, 506 . 280, 500 Sailed Yokohama Feb. 12, 1951_~, for Darien; sailed Megaron Economou Pireaus 52 Broadway, New Dairen Mar. 7, 1951; arrived uenoa Apr. 16, 1951 (1947). York; Livanos Mari­ sailed Antwerp June 3, 1951; arrived Whampoa July time Co., Ltd., 15, 1951; sailed Whampoa Aug, 15, 1951; sailed Taku Megar

Former United States merchant ships sold to Greek concern~ on which the U. S. Federal Maritime· Board (Maritime Administration) still holds mortgages and which have traded behind the Iron Curtain in China and Europe-July 1, 1950-Dec. 31, 1952-Continued

Amount Name Gross Tqwhom sold Beneficial owner and Sales due (Apr. Voyage details tons registered owner price 9, 19{)2)

Loula Nomikos ' (ex­ 7,229 Evangelos P. & Markos P. Evangelos P. Nomikos; $544,506 $280,500 Sailed Venice Oct. 5, 1952, for Kherson; passed Istanbul Mary Walker). Nomikos. Commercial & Mari­ Oct. 28, 1952, en route from Kherson and Novorossisk time Enterprises, S. to A vonmouth. A., Athens; Evangelos P. Nomikos, Com­ mercial & Maritime Enterprises, S. A., Athens. Maria Los (ex-E. A. 7, 244 Anthony Manthos & Others., Martran Steamship Co.-, 544,506 280,500 Sailed Yawata_Mar. 18, 1952; arrived Dah·en Mar. 21, Peden). Athens (1947). Inc., 44 Whitehall St., 1952; sailed Dairen Mar. 27, 1952; arrived Hamburg New York; Los Bros., May 13, 1952. & A. K. Pezas, Chios. Meandros ••••••••••••••• 7,176 Livanos Maritime Co., Ltd., S. Livanos & Co., 52 585,811 317,200 Sa!led Osaka July 6, 1951 for Dairen; sailed Chinwang­ Piraeus (1946). Broadway, New York; tao July 19, 1951; arrived Bombay Aug. 14, 1951; Livanos Maritime Co., sailed Bombay Aug. 28, 1951; arrived Dairen Sept. 17, Ltd., Piraeus. 1951; sailed Dairen Oct. 11, 1951; arrived Bombay Nov. 3, 1951. Megalohari (ex-Geo. G. 7,198 .John Theodorakoupoulos, Athens Orion Shipping & Trad­ 544,506 272,000 Sailed Yokohama May 18, 1951 for Dairen; arrived Crawford). (1947). ing Co., Inc., 80 · Hamburg July 31, 1951 from Tsingtao; sailed Ham­ Broad St., New York; burg Aug. 8, 1951 for Gdynia; arrived Buenos Aires John Theodorakou­ Sept. 26, 1951 from Gdynia. poulos, Athens. Michael (ex-John Drew) _ 7, W7 Costos M. Lemos, Piraeus (1947) __ C. M. Lemos & Co.,. 544,506 280,000 Sailed Tsingtao Oct. 8, 1950, for Dairen; arrived Rotter­ Ltd., London; Adam­ dam Dec. 2, 1950, from Dairen; sailed Pulo Bukom astos S. S. Co:, Ltd., July 6, 1951, for Tsingtao; sailed Tsingtao. Aug. 1, (Constantine Michael 1951; arriv.ed Hamburg Sept. 23, 1951. Lemos), Piraeus. Mount Athos (ex-J. 7, 235 Constantine Scarvellis, Chios, Rethymnis & Kulukun­ 544,506 280,500 Sailed Alexandria May 27, 1951, for Novorossisk; sailed Maurice Thompson). Greece (1947). dia, Ltd., London; C. Novorossisk June 6, 1951; arrived London June 24, Scarvellis and others, 1951. . Chios. Nestos (ex-Mary L11on) •• 7,176 Theofano Maritime Co., Ltd., S. Livanos & Co., Inc., 544,506 280,500 Arrived Dairen Apr. 12, 1951, from Sasebo; sailed Piraeus (1947). 52 Broadway, New Dairen Apr. 21, 1951, for Hamburg; sailed Rotterdam York; Theofano Mari­ June 9, 1951, for Whampoa; sailed Tsingtao Sept. 6, time Co., Ltd., 1951; arrived Rotterdam Oct. 24, 1951; sailed Alex­ . Piraeus. andria -May 4, 1952, for Novorossisk; passed Istanbul May 15, 1952, en route Novorossisk to Alexandria; passed Istanbul June 3, 1952, en route Alexandria to Constantza; passed Istanbul June 19, 1952, en route Constantza td Belfast; sailed Ellesmere Port Dec. 24, 1952, for Tsingtao. Nicolaos Pateras (ex­ 7, 194 S. N. Pateras (1947) ------·--· N.J. Pateras Sons, Ltd., 544,506 280,500 Sailed Karachi Nov. 5, 1950, for Dairen; arrived Ham­ Benjamin Bonneville). London; Okeanoporos burg Feb. 16, 1951, from Dairen; sailed' Moji May 5, Shipping Co., Ltd., 1951, for Dairen; sailed Dairen May 27, 1951; arrived Athens• .. Antwerp July 12, 1951; sailed Rotterdam Jan. 4, 1952, for Constantza; sailed Constantza Jan. 29, 1952, for Taku Bar; passed Brunsbuttel May 15, 1952, en route Tsingtao to Gdynia; arrived Rotterdam May 30,1952, from Gdynia. · Nicolaou Zografia (ex­ 7, 2fJ7 Mrs. Z. Nicolaou and fa.mily, George Nicolaou Ltd., 544,506 280,500 Sailed Cordenas Oct. 31, 1950, for Tsingtao; sailed Raymond T. Baker). Athens (1947). London; Mme Z. G. Tsingtao Jan. 14, 1951; arrived Vancouver Feb. 20, Nicolaou and children, 1951. Athens. Pinios (ex-Robert L. 7, 207 Theofano Maritime Co., Ltd., S. Livanos.& Co., Inc.', 544,506 288,000 Sailed Yawata Apr. 10, 1951, for Dairen; sailed Dairen · Hague). Piraeus (1947). 52 Broadway, New ,Apr. 26,.1951; arrived Hamburg Jnne 19, 1951; arrived York; Athina Mari­ Tsingtao Aug. 2, 1952, from Kaoshuing; passed Port time Co., Ltd., Pira­ Said Sept.12en route Tsingtao to Constantza; arrived eus. Izmir Oct. 6, 1952, from Constantza. Psara (ex-Mark A. 7, 255 D. S. Fafalios, Chios (1946) ••••••. D. J. Fafalios, Chios, 581,381 314,600 Sailed Amsterdam Feb. 21, 1952;. for Odessa; arrived Davis). Greece; Stamos and London Apr. 11, 1952, from udessa; sailed Chios Bemetrios Fafali'os Dec. 10, 1952, for Novorossisk; arrived London Jan. and partners, Chios. 15, 1953, from Novorossisk. Richard D. Lyons (ex­ 7,253 Galaxias·S. 8. CO., Ltd., Piraeus Lyras Bros .• Ltd., Lon­ 580,654 313,950 Sailed Karachi Sept. 22, 1950, for Dairen; arrived Richard D. Lyons). (1946). don; Galaxias S. S. Hamburg Jan. 3, 1951 from Dairen; sailed Bombay Co., Ltd, Piraeus. Feb. 25, 1952 for Odessa; arrived A vonmouth Apr. 14, 1952 from Odessa. Samos (ex-John L. Stod­ 7,176 D. Inglessis Fils, Piraeus (1947)c __ Frinton Shipbrokers, 544,506 280,500 S!!.iled Antwerp Nov. 30, 1950; arrived Tsingtao Jan. dard). Ltd., London; Navi­ 28, 1951; sailed Tsingtao Feb. 17, 1951; arrived Ham­ gation de Samos, burg Apr. 4, 1951; sailed Osaka Sept. 10, 1951; arrived Piraeus. Tsingtao Sept. 14, 1951; arrived Hamburg Nov. 11, 1951 from Tsingtao; arrived Rotterdam Apr. 11, 1952 from Dairen; sailed, Bre.me:h Apr. 10, 1952; arrived Shanghai June 11, 1952; sailed Shanghai June 19, 1952; arrived Cochin July 9, 1952. Themoni (ex-Josiah · 7,198 Kassos S. N. Co., dd., Syra (1947)_ Rethymnls & Kulukun­ 564,694 296,400 Arrived Belfast July 7, 1950, from Odessa; sailed Ant­ Cohen). dis, Ltd., London; werp Nov. 1, 1950, for Gdansk; sailed Gdynia Nov. Kassos S. N. Co., 18, 1950, for Venice; sailed Dec. 19, 1950, for Nicolaiefi; Ltd., Syra. sailed Novorossisk Jan. 11, 1951; arrived Liverpool Jan. 30, 1951; sailed Kobe May 1, 1951, for Dairen; sailed Dairen May 23, 1951; arrived Rotterdam July 29, 1951; sailed Dairon Feb. 11, 1952; arrived Rotter­ dam Apr. 1, 1952; sailed Leghorn Apr. 10, 1952, for Odessa and Kherson; arrived Alexandria May 1, 1952, from Odessa; sailed Alexandria May 12, 1952, for Odessa; arrived Liverpool June 13,1952, from Odessa. Aliki (ex-Louis Joliet) __ _ 7,195 Livanos Bros. Maritime Co., S. Livanos & Co., Inc., 544,506 280,500 Sailed Muroran Nov. 25,1950, for Dairen; sailed Dairen Ltd., Piraeus (1947). 52 Broadway, New Dec. 6, 1950; arrived Rotterdam Jan. 31, 1951; sailed York; Livanos Bros .. Kawasaki June 5, 1951; arrived Dairen June 11, 1951; Maritime Co. Ltd., arrived Calcutta July 27, 1951, from Dairen; sailed Piraeus. Calcutta Aug. 12, 1951, for Dairen; sailed Dairen Sept. 11, 1951; arrived Bombay Oct. 5, 1951. Captain J. Mataranga's 7, 240 Stavros S. Niarchos, care of North Carras, Ltd., Old Broad 544,506 288,000 Sailed Suez July 29, 1950, and Hakodate Sept. 15, 1950, (ex-James L. Acker­ American Shipping &· Trading St., ~ondon; Tropis en route from Stettin to Dairen; arrived Rotterdam l!on). Co., London (1947). Co., Ltd., Piraeus. Nov. 15, 1950, from Dairen. · Chryssi (ex-Francisco 7,176 J.P. Goulandris Bros., Athens ___ _ Orion Shipping & Trad­ 544,506 280,500 Sailed Yokohama Nov. 22, 1950, for Dairen; arrived Morazan) ing Co., Inc. New Copenhagen Feb. 2, 1951, from Dairen; sailed Moji York; Petros J. Gou­ · Apr. 26, 1951, for Dairen; sailed Daircn May 7, 1951; landris Sons, Athens. arrived Aarhus June 29, 1951. Costantis (ex-HarriJ Leon 7,176 G. M. & D. Pateras; Piraeus Pateras Bros., Pirasus; 280,500 Sailed Moji Feb. 6, 1951 for Dairen; arrived Bordeaux Wil8on). (1947). samQ. Apr. 9, 1951 from Dairen; sailed Kaoshuing June 23, 1952 for Tsingtao; passed Port Said Aug. 26 en route •I Tsingtao to Genoa. .2172 .CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SEN.t\J'E ·March 20 Former United States merchant ships sold to Greek concerns on which the U. S. Federal Maritime Board (Maritime Administration) still holds mortgages and which have traded behind the Iron Curtain in China and Europe-July 1, 195o-Dec. 31, 1952-Continued

Amount N ame Gross To whom sold Beneficial owner and Sales due (Apr. Voyage details tons registered owner price 9, 1952)

Dimosthenis Pantalton 7,176 P . D. & B. D. Pantaleon, Athens George Nicolaou, Ltd., $544,506 $280,500 Sailed Piraeus Nov. 2, 1950 for Poti; sailed Novorossisk (ex-D. W . Harrington). (1947). London ; Dem Panta­ 1 leon Sons, Athens. rsf:ri~a i~i ~Kji~~ ~:i~~~o~fS:~ir~ ar~~!~hs~:iJ~ Aug. 15, 1951. Dirphys (e x-Frank Wig­ 7, 176 Livanos Bros., Piraeus (1947) ____ _ Vassilios J. Pateras and 544,506 280, 500 Sailed H irohata Apr. 25, 1951 for Dairen; sailed Dairen ot hers, Piraeus; same. M ay 13, 1951; arrived Rotterdam July 3, 1951. Etr~~don (ex-Wm. D. 7,176 Panagis S. -A.ntippas (1947)------P. D. M archessini & 544,506 280,500 Sailed Kossier M ay 23 , 1950 for Dairen; arrived London Hoard). Co., Ltd., London; Sept. 20 1950 from Dairen ; sailed Alexandria Dec. 15, P an D. M archessini, 1952for N ovorossisk; sailed Novorossisk Dec. 29, 1952; Piraeus. arrived Hull Jan. 16, 1953. · K onistra (ex-Edwin L. 7,198 Thomas N. Epiphaniades, Pi,aeus Thomas N. Epiphani­ 544,506 280,500 Sailed Hong Kong Sept. 3, 1950 for D airen; arrived Godkin). (1947). ades, care of Fanmaur Haifa Oct. 23, 1950 from Dairen; sailed Kobe Apr. 2, Shipping & Trading 1951 for Dairen; arrived Antwerp June 7, 1951 from Corp., 39 Broadway, Dairen. N ew York, and Pi­ raeus, Thom a s N. E pippaniades. Maria G. Culueundis. 7, 150 C. M. Culucundis, Athens (1946) __ George M. Culucundis, 544,506 255,000 Sailed Antilla o'ct. 31, 1950; arrived Tsingtao Dec. 31, (ex- W. W. McCrack­ Athens; same. 1950; Arrived Moji Jan. 3, 1951. in). N edon (ex-W illiam W. 7,176 Livanes Bros., Piraeus (1947) ______S. Livanos & Co., Inc., 544,506 280, 500 Sailed Moji Apr. 27, 1951 for D airen; sailed Dairen M ay Campbell). 52 Broadway , New 9, 1951 for Hamburg; sailed Hirohato Apr. 8, 1952; York; Eugenic M ari­ arrived Dairen Apr. 13, 1952; arrived Madras M ay 15, time Co., Ltd. 1952 from Dairen; sailed Hamburg Oct. 23, 1952; P iraeus . arrived Taku Bar Jan. 15, 1953. . N icolas' (ex-William N. 7,176 Mevrophilippas& P ateras (1947) __ Ch. & E. P ateras, Ltd., 544,506 280,500 Sailed Karachi Aug. 18, 1950 for Dairen; arrived Liver­ Byers). London; Callipoe & pool Nov. 28, 1950; sailed London Dec. 20, 1950; Chara le.mpos N. arrived D airen Mar. 14, 1951; arrived Rotterdam P ateras, Piraeus. · May 12, 195l. Santorini (ex-John F. 7,176 George Sigalas & Son, Athens Rothymnis & Kulukun­ 544,506 306,000 Sailed H akodata Oct. 9, 1950; arrived D airen Oct. 15, Mver: s). (1947). dis, Ltd., London; 1950; arrived Tokuyama D ec. 1, 1950; sailed Tsingtao Mme. Cadio G. Jan. 8, 1951; arrived Moji Jan. 18, 1951. Sigalas & Others, Athens.

LABOR-MANAGEMENT RELATIONS and certainly it has not become the sub:­ to have significant repercussions in the IN THE UNITED STATES ject of across-the-country editorial com­ whole field of labor negotiations, because Mr. MORSE. Now, Mr. President, as mendation. it is positive, it is constructive, and it is my next item of committee business, In conclusion, let me say that I think sound economics. I turn to the subject of labor-manage­ it is a fine example of what I have been THE RIGHT OF EACH STATE TO EQUAL SENATORIAL ment relations in the United States. I talking about for several years, namely, REPRESENTATION wish to make a few comments on the that far more important than labor Mr. President, I am not going to take award which has just been handed down legislation is the proper attitude on the the time to discuss in, the detail what I to the railroad workers on the basis of part of labor and management as they wanted to-because of the hour-the the criterion of productivity. approach the conference table, and the constitutional principle of the right of a Let the brakes fail to operate on a impartiality and the attitude' of the sovereign State to have. through its two train, and the engine comes crashing representative of the Government who Senators in the Senate, equal representa­ through the Union Station, in Washing­ participates in an attempt to have the tion. I · mentioned it in my speech of ton, D. C., and it becomes headlines all parties to a dispute or a controversy last Friday when I discussed the com­ over the country and is the topic for compose their differences in the Ameri­ mittee matter, and~ shall postpone until commentators and editorial writers; but can way. I congratulate Professor next Friday a discussion of the consti­ let 70,000 trains pull into Union Station Guthrie, I congratulate thl:! 19 labor tutional authorities which in my judg­ and the brakes properly work, and one organizations who were parties in the -ment sustain my premise that, up until would have to have keener eyes than I to controversy, and I congratulate all of the now, and as of now, ·more than one and find any mention of it in the newspapers. 130 American railroads who became a half million people in the State of That brings me to this point I wish to parties to the agreement. Oregon have been denied for some 9 make, that on Wednesday of this week, Furthermore, I point out, Mr. Presi­ weeks equal representation in the Sen­ Professor Guthrie, of the University of dent, that it is one of the rare recogni­ ate of the United States. North Carolina, acting as a referee ap­ tions in the field of labor settlements that I simply reiterate the statement today pointed by President Truman to compose give approval to the criterion of pro­ and will make it a part of my committee a controversy affecting 1,200,000 railroad ductivity. I happen to be one who feels report a week hence. But I suggest to workers and 130 class one American that more attention should be paid to the any of my colleagues who might be in­ railroads, handed down an award and criterion of productivity. I think labor terested in preparing themselves for a effected a peaceful settlement under an makes a great mistake whenever it fol­ debate on the proposition that they re­ arrangement which · he had previously lows a policy based upon a' make-work fer to the "Framing of the Constitution," made with the parties to the dispute, program rather than upon a policy of by Professor Max Farrand-1926-and that is, that they would accept as final increasing productivity, when it is able familiarize themselves once again with and binding his decision in the matter. to do so within the framework of decent the historic debates at the time the Con­ Here is the situation affecting this large working rules. I also believe American stitution was 'framed and with what the number of railroad workers and all those labor would gain much approval on the Founding Fathers intended should be important American railroads. There part of the American public if it would the functions, the rights, and the pre­ were affected some 19 labor organiza­ manifest a greater support of this cri­ rogatives of Members of the Senate. tions which, in the finest spirit and in terion of productivity. In my view there I recognize that it.takes time to act on accordance with the letter of the Rail­ is no answer to the fact that economical­ such a resolution as that which I sub­ way Labor Act, adjusted a dispute that ly speaking, labor is entitled to enjoy a mitted on January 13 calling for an might very well have interrupted our greater share of the income from the increase in the membership of the Com­ transportation system by creating ana­ product of its labor when it cooperates mittee on Armed Services and the Com­ tionwide railroad dispute, thereby in­ with management in eliminating make­ mittee on I.;abor and Public Welfare by flicting tremendous damage to the work schemes and accepting technologi­ one Republican in order that the repre­ economy of the United States and the cal changes within an industry which in­ sentative of the Independent Party war effort. What I submit, Mr. Presi­ creases rather than decreases the volume might keep his position on those two dent, is that there was very litle headline of production. I venture the suggestion committees in accordance with what he m ention of that in the newspapers that in the months immediately ahead, deems to be his seniority right in the throughout the country or on the radio, this .award by Professor Guthrie is going Senate as supported by every precedent 1953 ·CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-: SENATE 2173 ' in the history of the· Senate save and from Oregon, on the basis of what I ha·ve the Department of Justice and the Com­ except the lone one of 1871 when Sum­ described as a garbage-can disposal mittee on Government Operations. ner, of Massachusetts, was kicked off his principle, to committees, or whether it These are the same rules under which committees by the then Republican wants to go on record as not favoring that subcommittee is operating today. Party, as I was by the Senate on January what I think was the unfortunate Those rules of procedure were rejected 13. precedent of 1871, but of sustaining the yesterday by the Finance Committee. I know it is impossible, Mr. President, many precedents to the contrary before The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there to be free from the criticism of those who and since 1871. There are innumerable objection to the request of the Senator do not want to face the principle of the precedents of insurgents, or independ­ from Delaware? issue involved. -Twenty or· twenty-five ents, or rebels, or whatever descriptive There being no objection, the decu­ years from today, when the debates of term one may care to use, who have fol­ ment was ordered to be printed in the this period over this committee fight are lowed a political course of action not RECORD, as follows: read-because the personalities will then pleasing to the maj91ity, but who, never­ RULES OF PROCEDURE, SENATE PERMANENT be out of the picture-people will pause theless, were not denied their seniority SUBCOMMITTEE ON INVESTIGATIONS and reflect on the principle which was rights to remain on committees on which 1. No major investigation shall be ini­ involved and on the final solution of the they had previously served, though in tiated without approval of a maJority of the problem' which should be reached by the some instances, as I have said, they lost subcommittee or approval of the majority Senate. their chairmanships, and in other in­ of the full Committee on Government Oper­ But to the people of Oregon I say at stances were seated at t.he foot of the ations. However, preliminary inquiries may this desk this afternoon that the fact is committee table so far as seniority was be initiated by the subcommittee staff with they are being denied equal representa­ concerned. the approval of the chairman of the sub­ tion in the Senate of the United States. reiterate, Mr. President, for the bene­ committee. i 2. Subpenas for attendance of witnesses They have been denied equal representa­ fit of my Democratic friends, that I think and the production of records shall be issued tion for 9 weeks, and have been denied it they are quite mistaken if they take by the subcommittee chairman or other by the majority party which has the the position that the Republican Party members designated by him. votes to prevent it. ought to yield majority control of the 3. Executive hearings shall be held only As I have previously indicated, the Committee on Armed Services and of with the approval of the chairman of the minority party has not been at all the Committee on Labor and Public subcommittee. 'This authority may be dele­ helpful about it. On January 13 only Welfare, and let them be evenly balanced gated by the chairman to other members six Members of the Senate stood up and committees. I believe the majority party of the committee when necessary. is entitled to a majority of members on 4. Public hearings shall be held only with supported the contention of the junior the approval of the majority of the sub­ Senator from Oregon with reference to each of the committees. Therefore, Mr. committee or with the approval of a ma­ equal rights in the Senate o_f the United President, I think the solution which is jority of the full committee. States. But, gradually, Mr. President, proposed by my resolution and which 5. An accurate stenographic record shall more arid more persons are beginning to the majority leader has indicated to me be kept of the testimony of all witnesses in understand the issue, and I shall con­ he thinks is an equitable one, namely, executive and public hearlngs. tinue, so far as I am concerned, to h.old that one Republican should be added to 6. All testimony taken in executive session the issue to the principle involved. each one of those committees and that : shall be kept secret and will not be released I have been perfectly willing to give the seniority rights of the junior Sena­ or used in public session without tlle ap­ the Committee on Rules and Adminis­ tor from Oregon be recognized by as­ proval of a majority of the subcommittee. 7. Any witness summoned to a public or tration whatever reasonable time it signing him to those two committees, is executive hearing may be accompanied by needed to pass judgment and make a a fair solution. I think the Senate ought counsel of his own choosing who shall be recommendation on the question. It is to resolve this matter at a very early permitted while the witness is testifying not very complex. The Sen·ate either is date, because, in my opinion, the people · to advise him of his legal rights. or is not going to add one Republican of my State are being denied, under the 8. Any person who is the subject cf an to each one of those two committees. I present hiatus, equal representation in investigation in public hearings may submit should think it could be decided in an the Senate of the United States, in ac­ questions for the cross-examination of other cordance with their rights under the witnesses called by the subcommittee by hour's discussion in committee, and I submitting such questions in writing to the should think it could be decided in a Constitution. chairman. With the consent of the ma­ couple of hours in the Senate. So far jority of the subcommittee then present, as the State of Oregon is conc~r:ned, it these questions will be put to the witness has a Republican administration, an RULES QF PROCEDURE OF by a member or counsel of the subcom­ overwhelming m·ajority of Republicans COMMITTEES mittee. in the State legislature, a Republican During the delivery of Mr. MoRsE's 9. Any witness desiring to make a pre­ Governor, and a Republican United speech, pared or written statement in executive or public hearil'lgs is required to file a copy States Senator. I am hearing from Mr. WILLIAMS. Mr. President, in of such statement with the counsel or chair­ many of the people with reference to order that there may be no misunder­ man of the subcommittee 24 hours in ad­ this committee question, and I say to standing as to my reasons for rejecting vance of the hearing at which the statement them that I think sutncient time has been membership on an investigative subcom­ is to be presented. · allowed the ·Republicans to act on my mittee of the Finance Committee yes­ 10. No report shall be made to the Senate resolution. If the Republicans in the terday, I wish to incorporate in the REc­ or released to the public without · the ap­ Senate want to make a record of refusing ORD, first, the Standard· Rules of Proce­ proval of the majority of the subcommittee to adopt that resolution, I think they dure, as they have been adopted by other or by a majority vote of the full committee. should proceed with the business of do­ Senate committees, but which· were re­ Adopted January 14, 1953. ing so and let the people of Oregon be jected by the Finance Committee yes­ Mr. WILLIAMS. Next, Mr. President, the judge as to whether they agree with terday; also, such rules as were adopted, I ask unanimous consent to incorporate the junior Senator from Oregon that along with the proposed amendment to in the RECORD the rules of procedure they have been denied equal representa­ the adopted rules which I submitted and which were adoptect by the Finance Com­ tion. As to the meaning of the Consti­ recommended as. necessary to protect mittee as governing the subcommittee. tution and the opinions of the authori­ the subcommittee and its members. These rules do not show the amendment ties, I shall cite them at some length next First, I wish to incorporate in the REC­ to which I shall refer later. week. ORD the Standard ·Rules of Pr.ocedure Th:ere being no objection, the rules of I desire to say in closing, Mr. President, which were adopted by the Senate Com­ that I really think we should resolve mittee on Government Operations in procedure were ordered to be printed in this question on an impersonal and ob­ _establishing the permanent Sub­ the RECORD, as follows: jective basis. There has been sufficient committee on Investigations, dated The subcommittee is authorized to hol.d January 14, 1953. These, according to such hearings on said matters and to sit and time for relaxation on the part of all act on them during the present Congress at concerned, and at an early date, I hope my information, were recommended by such times and places within the continental before next Friday, the Republican. ma­ the Senator from North Carolina [Mr. United States, and without the continental jority in the Senate will make up its HoEYJ as being the Standard Rules of United Stfttes, its Territories, and possessions mind as to whether, under rule XXIV, Procedure which had been worked out as the subcommittee may determine and a.? it wants tQ assign the junior Senator on behalf of the legislative counsel and approved by the whole committee. 2174 -CONGRESSIONAL ·iU:CORD·-- SENATE March 20 In the performance of its functions, the came to the subcommittee from income­ the extreme and applied to ·all hives­ subcommittee may hold such hearings tax returns. That was not at all the . tigating committees of the Senate, the whether or not the United States Senate is question, as any member of the Finance party in power could put the "lid" on in session, has recessed, or has adjourned, . any investigation of any irregularities and may require the attendance of such wit­ ·Committee will verify. '!'hat was not in nesses and the production of such books, controversy at all. occurring under its administration of papers, and documents by subpena or by Furthermore, I point out that recent the Government. I do not think we other lawful means to administer such oaths discussions of compromise settlements . should establish such a precedent in the and to take such testimony as it deems which I disclosed on the floor of the United States Senate. As I told the necessary. Subpenas may be issued und~;r Senate are not covered, either in or out committee yesterday, I would never go th~ signature of the chairman of the sub­ of any rules of the subcommittee. That along with any such position. committee or by any member thereof desig­ Mr. McCARTHY. Mr. President, will nated by such chairman and may be served ·information is available to anyone, by any person designated by such chairman particularly to any member of the press. the Senator from Delaware yield? or member. If they know of any. case, they can go to Mr. WILLIAMS. I yield. Except as to the specific lnvestigattons the Treasury Department to get details Mr. McCARTHY. May I say to the herein authorized, no investigation shall be as .to any compromise settlement which very able Senator from Delaware who initiated or carried on without the approval may have been made in the past. Those · has done such an excellent job of ex­ of the whole committee. However, prelimi­ are established Treasury rules. posing corruption in the Internal Reve­ nary inquiries of matters involving possible Mr. President, I desire to point out nue Bureau that I think he is 100 percent wrongdoing by officials or others respecting correct in refusing to serve on the sub­ the revenues of the United States leading the results of this censorship as sug­ from, or suggested by, studies and investi­ gested, as the subcommittee is now set committee under the rule which has been gations of those matters herein specifically up. . adopted? We have adopted rules of pro- authorized may be initiated by the subcom- Under this proposal, as it is now made, . cedure in our committee under both mittee. . it is possible for the subcommittee, in Democratic and Republican adminis­ Executive hearings shall be held only with its investigation, to develop a certain case trations, and we have found that they the approval of the chairman of the subcom­ against Mr. X who is employed in the have worked very well. We have in no mittee. This authority may be delegated by Treasury Department. The subcommit­ way attempted to question the right of such chairman to other members of the sub­ any Senator, Democrat or Republican, committee when necessary. tee might unanimously decide that Mr. Public hearings shall be held only with X was accepting bribes or was guilty of to discuss what he thinks should be dis­ the approval of the whole committee. other criminal violations of the law. cussed on the Senate floor. An accurate stenographic record shall be That could be reported to the full com­ Mr. President, I should like to con­ kept of the testimony of all witnesses in mittee, but under the rule as adopted, gratulate the Senator from Delaware for executive and public hearings. if the full committee by a :fllajority vote, taking the action he has taken in remov­ The subcommittee shall report its actions voted "No" on the unanimous recom­ ing himself from that subcommittee. and recommendations to the whole commit­ mendation of the subcommittee, the full Mr. WILLIAMS. I appreciate the tee and all testimony taken in executive ses­ committee could prevent any exposure Senator's remarks. sion by the eubcommittee and matters de­ veloped therein and actions, recommenda­ of the charges which had been devel­ I am not questioning the motives of tions, and reports thereon shall not be re­ oped in the course of the investiga.tion. those who voted for the rule. There are leased or disclosed without the approval of Under the rule as outlined, every mem­ many arguments for it, but its implica­ the whole committee. ber of the subcommittee or every mem- tions are dangerous. I do not think the - ber of the full committee would be honor · American people would have any confi­ Mr. WILLIAMS. Third, Mr. Presi­ bound never to discuss, either on or off dence in any subcommittee which was dent, I ·ask unanimous consent to have the floor · of the Senate, any of the facts established to investigate irregularities incorporated in the RECORD an amend­ developed. Although they may be in on the part of any Government agency ment which I submitted to these tenta­ the position of thinking that Mr. X had if the members of such subcommittee tive rules of procedure. The amend­ accepted bribes and was conducting his agreed that ·under certain circumstances, ment reads: office in an improper manner, yet they· by a vote of eight Members of the United Except that the full committee cannot would be precluded from disclosin~ any States Senate, they would keep their prohibit any member of the committee from information which had been developed mouths shut, even if there were viola­ discharging his responsibility to disclose any case which he considers to have been in the subcommittee. The veto is all tions of the law involved. a violation of the law. powerful. - Mr. MUNDT. Mr. President, will the Mr. MORSE. Mr. President, will the SenatO'l' from Delaware yield? That amendment was originally re­ Senator from Delaware yield? Mr. WILLIAMS. I yield. jected. However, it was subsequently re­ Mr. WILLIAMS. I yield. _ Mr. MUNDT: I should like to asso­ amended, but in rewriting it the adopted Mr. MORSE. Did I correctly under­ ciate myself with the remarks of the version nullified the intent. I ask that stand the Senator from Delaware to say Senator from Delaware, and I congratu­ the amendment as offered by me be in­ that there is a proposal of a committee late him for his candor and courage in corporated in the RECORD at this point · which seeks to exercise control on the resigning from any such subcommittee. in my remarks. floor of the Senate as to what a com- Having served as a minority member There being no objection, the amend­ . mittee member can or cannot say in on many committees in the past, I ment as offered was ordered to be printed the public interest with reference to in­ certainly would have resented the oper­ in the RECORD, as follows: formation which has been discovered ation of any such rule as that which the Except that the full committee cannot through the medium of an investigation Senator has been discussing. As a mem­ prohibit any member of the committee from by a subcommittee? ber of the majority I feel equally ve­ discharging his responsibility to disclose any Mr. WILLIAMS. If the information hement about the matter. I do not case which he considers to have been a vio­ was discovered as a result of material think that we, as members of the major­ lation of the law. which was developed and submitted to ity party, should ever place ourselves in Mr. WILLIAMS. Mr. President, the subcommittee, if the full committee such a position that we could be accused briefly, I may say that I . am advised by did not give permission, the members · of trying to censure any member ot: the others, including Members of the Con­ of the subcommittee would be precluded minority. I think we should remain on gress, who have worked with such com­ from coming to the floor of the Senate · a proper basis, ·so that Senators acting mittees, that there are no precedents and reporting such .information, or pre­ through the conviction of their con­ in the Senate whereby any subcommit­ cluded· from submitting the facts to the sciences should have a right to discuss tees have been bound under the rules Attorney General or to the American · on the floor or off the floor of the Senate, as they are outlined in this particular people. or anywhere else, corruption or mal­ case. There has been some slight mis­ Mr. President, I am not questioning - feasance wherever they discover it in understanding that possibly the ques­ the good intentions of those who voted the management of the Federal Gov­ tion was· one of trying to restrict me qr for the proposal; I think there are good ernment. some other member of the committee in · arguments on both sides of the qUestion, Mr. WILLIAMS. I thank the Senator. perhaps what it was thought were our · for I listened yesterday and heard many I am sure he is aware, because he has intentions, namely, to discuss on the · arguments on the subject; but we must served on many committees, that other floor of the Senate-or off the floor of not overlook the possibility that if we · committees have access to tax returns if the Senate-confidential matters which adopt this rule and if it is carried to they wish to subpena them. I know of 1953 :coNGRESSIONAL. RECORD- SENATE 2175 no instance in the past in .which r have shielded by the failure to report such think he would therefore be subjected, violated that right or others have vio,;. malfeasance to· the Senate? shall I say, to the application of the rule lated it. If there are any such instances, · Mr. WTI...LIAMS. That has always of the Senate under which Members of I should like to have them pointed out. been my understanding, and it has been the Senate may pass judgment on the We have not taken any advantage of any the basis of my objections to the past qualifications of their colleagues, and facts of a confidential nature which we ·administration. They covered up some that such disclosure might be the basis have obtained. of the reports, and I felt they should for ousting the Member? Mr: MUNDT. I do not believe taxpay­ have been acted upon prior to exposure. Such a suggestion is absurd, I suggest, ers who make confidential returns should - Mr. AIKEN. The rule would cover up because I think it is necessary to look at have the information contained in such those reports. the relationship of the power of any Sen­ returns spread all over the country, un­ Mr. WILLIAMS. That is correct. I ate committee to the power of the Sen­ less there is an established violation. In question whether any Member of the ate as a whole. The committee is the securing such information from.the Bu­ United States Senate who has taken the lesser in importance, and any power reau of Internal Revenue it is tinder­ oath of office as a Senator would have delegated to it is also lesser than the stood that members of the committee the right to join in a conspiracy in ad­ -power of the Senate as a whole. There .will not disclose the information. If it vance whereby there would be a possi­ is one power on the floor of the Senate should be independently developed in the ·bility that he would sit tight with infor­ that in all our history has in no way committee, by a member of the commit­ mation which he thought disclosed a been restricted. It will be a bad day for tee, that there is anything unlawful in violation of hw. I certainly would not the American people if the time ever the return of the taxpayer, the member do it, with or without a legal right. comes when an attempt is made to re­ should not be barre9. from imparting Mr. AIKEN. A Senator has no such strict it by such a rule as the Senator is knowledge to the public with respect right, and I question the right of the now suggesting, namely, a rule of cen­ to it. majority of any committee to tie the -sorship to be imposed by a committee on Mr. WILLIAMS. I have no recollec­ tongue of any other member .of the com­ the lips of any Member of the Senate in tion of any caM in which the informa­ mittee who has knowledge of violations respect to any information he may gain tion so found has been mi~used. of the law, and keep him from revealing as a committee member while carrying But that was not the basis of the ac­ them, so that they may be corrected and on his work as a committee member. tion of the committee: The whole ·ques­ such disclosure may serve as a ·deterrent Such action is unthinkable. Of course, tion-arose as to whether, by a majority .to other officials who perhaps are fol­ if any attempt is ever made to impose vote of the full committee, the report lowing the same course. such a rule, carrying with it some en­ .submitted by the committee could be Mr. WILLIAMS. The Senator from forcement penalty, it must be fought, stoppe·d. It was thoroughly understood Vermont is correct. because the Senator from Delaware 'jn the committee that if such a report Mr. MORSE. If the Senator from knows, a~ does the Senator from Oregon, was voted upon negatively by a majority Delaware will permit me to do so, I should that no man of honor in the Senate of ;vote of the committee, rio member of the like to comment at this point because I the United States will violate any rule subcommittee thereafter would be per.. believe we ought to make a record on of any committee that goes to the sub­ mitted to discuss either on or off the this qu_estion today. ject matter of secrecy, unless he becomes floor of the Senate the contents of the I would point out to the Senator from convinced that something rotten is going report, even though a member of the Delaware that it is one thing to propose on, and that he must, as the Senator subcommittee was convinced, in his own . a code of procedure · for congressional from Vermont and the Senator from mind, that there was involved an actual investigations, such as is found in the South Dakota have stated, live up to his · violation of the law. Kefauver bill and in the Morse bill, and oath as a Senator and perform his func­ I am sure that the present membership to provide a rule of committee against tions as a Senator, those functions being of the Finance Committee have no in­ public disclosure in the so-called pre­ more important than his functions as a tentions to protect a law violator; but we trial or early stages of an investigation, member of a Senate committee. ·may not always have the same member- until all the facts are made of record What I think is needed is the making shl~ · and there is an opportunity to rebut of a legislative record on the point by Mr. MUNDT. I think the Senator them; and it is quite another thing to the committee between one Senator and from Delaware would not quarrel with lay down a rule of finality which says the other members of the committee. the point of view that the full committee that no Member of the Senate who serves But I cannot believe any member of the · has a right to tell the subcommittee that on a committee or a subcommittee shall committee would purport to lay down a it will not authorize publications. That be privileged at any time to perform rule that would have binding force and is one thing. But to tell individual mem..: what he considers to be his senatorial effect on any Member of the Senate to bers of the subcommittee that they can­ duty, namely, to discuss publicly on the censor and seal his lips if, as a Member not speak about it is altogether different. floor of the Senate a question which he of the Senate, fulfilling the oath he took Mr. WILLIAMS. I agree fully with thinks is of public concern, growing out at the desk when he became a Member that statement. The point is that the of his work as a member of the com-· of the Senate, he believes that it has full committee wants the power to bind mittee. I agree with the statement by become his duty to tell the American every member of the subcommittee not the Senator from South ·Dakota and also people what he thinks the facts are to refer to any information gained as a the implications and· comments made about any matter that may arise. result of investigations or powers au­ by the Senator from Vermont, and by Similar situations were encountered thotized by the full committee. the Senator from Delaware, as well. in the Committee on Armed Services Mr. MUNDT. I do not believe the Sen­ In the first place, I do not think any time and time again when I was a mem­ ator from Delaware considers censorship such rule could possibly have any bind­ ber of that committee, when allegedly by congressional action to be any better ing· effect on any Member of the Senate, secret information was given the com­ than censorship by Executive edict. because there would be no way to enforce mittee, and members of the committee it. Whenever a rule is made, the ques­ Mr. WILLIAMS. That is correct. were in honor bound, in the interest of tion must always be asked, in respect to protecting the security of the country, .Mr. AIKEN. Mr. President, will the the rule: What about its violation? Senator from Delaware yield? not to violate any security policies of the Suppose Senator X, or the Senator from Committee on Armed Services. But Mr. WILLIAMS. I yield. Delaware himself, serving on a subcom­ · Mr. AIKEN. If the subcommittee ob­ sometimes the circumstances were such mittee, became convinced, speaking hy­ that we were satisfied, if certain condi­ tains knowledge which indicates . that a pothetically, that the subcommittee was public official is dishonest in carrying out trying to conceal a tremendous national tions were not cleared up, it would be his trust and the subcommittee fails to scandal of maladministrMion. Does the necessary to take the matter to the floor make the fact known to the Congress as Senator from Delaware think for a mo­ of the Senate. In such situations I never a whole or to the people. of the country, ment that the lips of Senator X would hesitated to tell the committee what my are not the members of the subcommittee be sealed by any such rule as the Senator. position would be. Sometimes l wonder just as guilty, in effect, of betraying the is now discussing from presenting the if that is not one of the reasons why I people who sent them to the Congress as matter on the floor of the Senate; and, am no longer a member of the Commit­ is the official who is directly or indirectly if he -did discuss it, does the Senator tee on ·Armed Services. XCIX--137 2176 CONGRESSIONAL· RECORD-. SENATE March 20 Mr. WTI.LIAMS. I thank the Senator Dunlap, who as you know was originally wish; they will roll from my back ·like from Oregon for his comment. As I said located with the Bureau of Internal Revenue water." in Washington and later frozen into a civil­ Mr. WTI.LIAMS. Mr: President, will before, I am not questioning the motives service position in the Bureau in Texas, of those who supported this proposal. under the reorganization of the Internal the Senator yield? Arguments can be presented both ways. Revenue Bureau. Mr. MORSE. I yield. But the net result is that it would be This material has been supplied to Senator Mr. WILLIAMS. It is not a question theoretically possible-! do not say it WILLIAMS, for the reason that I understood of leaving the full committee. Certainly would ever be done-to have the full that when he suggested coming on my Per­ I intend to remain on the full committee committee by a mere majority vote stifle manent Committee on Inve&tigations, he was and exercise my rights as a Member of a report that a subcommittee might discouraged on the ground that he would the United States Senate and as a mem­ head a subcommittee of the Senate Finance unanimously make, even though the sub­ Committee with full authority to go into tax ber of the full committee. However, the committee might be unanimous in its fraud cases, etc. I have been rather disap­ ·subcommittee has not yet been or­ verdict that there was a violation of the pointed to find that no such subcommittee · ganized. The subcommittee has been law. has been appointed at this time. Therefore, authorized on the basis which I have just Mr. MORSE. If the Senator from I would appreciate knowing whether such a stated, and I have rejected membership Delaware will hold the floor for a minute, subcommittee is to be formed; if not, my on the subcommittee. If I were to be­ because the Senator from Wisconsin committee will proceed to go into this come a member of the subcommittee un­ [Mr. McCARTHY] desires me to yield, I matter. der the ·rules which have been outlined I For a number of reasons time is very im­ should like to touch upon the last ob­ portant in this case. Therefore, I would would expect to follow them in good servation he made. Does the Senator appreciate hea.ring from you at your very faith. I thought it was only fair to tell from Delaware agree with me that it earliest convenience. the committee in advance that I would would be very wise if all committees of Sincerely yours, not be bound by any such arbitrary rules. the Senate would constantly keep in JoE McCARTHY. Mr. DOUGLAS. Mr. President,. will mind the fact that matters which come the Senator from Oregon yield to me? before any committee of the Senate are Mr. President, I ask unanimous con­ sent to have printed in the RECORD a~ Mr. MORSE. I yield to the Senator not matters that involve business of the this point as a part of my remarks the from Illinois. committee, but that the business before reply whicl:l I received from the chair­ Mr. DOUGLAS. I hope the Finance any committee of the Senate happens man of the Committee on Finance. Committee and the Senator from Dela­ to be the business of the people of the There being no objection, the letter ware may reconsider the tentative deci­ United States, and the committee does was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, sions which they have reached. During not own such business? as follows: the past 2 years, the Senator from Dela­ Mr. WILLIAMS. The Senator is cor­ UNITED STATES SENATE, ware has rendered as great a publio rect. COMMITTEE ON FINANCE, service to this Nation as any other Mem­ Mr. McCARTHY. Mr. President, will March 12, 1953. ber of this body. the. Senator yield? Han. JosEPH R. McCARTHY, I never knew the Senator from Dela­ Mr. WILLIAMS. I yield to the Sena­ Senate Office Building, ware to bring a case to the floor of the tor from Wisconsin. Washington, D. C. Senate which was not carefully checked. Mr. McCARTHY. As the Senator DEAR SENATOR McCARTHY: With reference to your letter of March 9, 1953, regarding the In every instance before he brought a from Delaware knows, at the time the appointment of a subcommittee by the Sen­ case to the floor .he not only allowed but Senate was organized and its committees ate Finance Committee to investigate inter­ solicited comment from those who might were appointed, I very much desired to nal revenue matters. be adversely reflected upon. He gave full _ have the Senator from Delaware on the Today the Senate Finance Committee au­ we~ght _ to their statements. In several Special Investigating Committee be­ thorized the appointment of such a sub­ cases which I discussed with him, cause of the tremendously effective and committee. though he was dealing with Democrats, excellent work he did over a period of It will be _appreciated if you· will supply I found him to be somewhat more lenient time in exposing graft and corruption in the committee with the material to which than I was. the Bureau of Internal Revenue. I you refer in your letter. Sincerely, The Senator from Delaware has made thought his handling of that investiga­ EuGENE D. MILLIKIN, a magnificent record. Not only do we tion was a model for the handling of ma­ Chairman. on our side of the aisle have great con­ terial of that nature. fidence in him, but the American public As the Senator from Delaware knows, Mr. MORSE. Mr. President, let me say to the Senator from Delaware that I has great confidence in him. I very since the first of the year I have dis­ much hope that he will remain on the cussed with him a number of cases am sorry to hear that h~ is removing committee, and I very much hope that which appear to represent rather grossly himself from the subcommittee. I the committee will free him, as the pre­ improper conduct in the Bureau of In­ would not ·do it. I would stay on the vious Finance Committee freed him. ternal Revenue. The Senator from subcommittee and serve notice as to what I intended to do. I think I would I take a great deal of pride in the fact Delaware has been furnished some in­ that though the previous Congress was formation with respect to some of the recognize the old rule the distinguished Presiding Officer [Mr. ToBEY'] whispered organized primarily by our side, we never cases, although he himself has had much imposed any roadblocks. I think the more information than we have given to me a moment ago, namely, that the whole is greater than any of its parts. Senator from Delaware will agree with him. My committee has desisted from the statement that in any investigations goihg into matters concerning corrup­ The Senator from Delaware has his which he made we allowed him complete tion and fraud in the Bureau of Internal duty as a Member of the Senate as a freedom with the record, and complete Revenue, because !"had hoped the Sena­ whole, it seems to me, to exercise what freedom to make statements on the floor, tor from Delaware would head a sub­ he thinks is a wise discretion as a mem­ as I believe he should have a right to do. committee that would look into that ber of the subcommittee. I have no I am not trying to stir up intraparty matter. doubt that the Senator from Delaware would never bring to the floor of the strife on the other side of the aisle. On March 9, several days before the However, the Senator from Delaware has subcommittee was formed, I wrote to the Senate any item of business transacted convinced me and the American public chairman of the Committee on Finance in the committee and make public dis­ that he is a completely honest man who .[Mr. MILLIKIN] in regard to this matter. closure of it unless he thought the pub­ calls the shots as he sees them, regard­ If the Senator from Delaware has no lic i·nterest demanded it. I think it will less of party affiliation, and regardless of orjection, I should like to insert the let­ be unfortunate if the Senator from Dela­ whether the individuals concerned are ter in the RECORD. Better still, I should ware leaves the subcommittee because important or unimpor:tant. I very much like to read it into the RECORD. It is the subcommittee is adopting a rule of hope that the Senator from Delaware very brief. It reads as follows: which he does not approve. That is no will reconsider his decision, that he will MARCH 9, 1953. justification for leaving the subcom­ serve on the subcommittee, and that the Senator EuGENE MILLIKIN, .mittee. I would simply say, ••Rule or subcommittee will allow him freedom of Chairman, Senate Finance Committee~ Washington, D. C. no rule, I am going to stay here and ful­ action. I regard the Senator from Dela­ DEAR SENATOR MILLIKIN: My staff has ac­ fill my oath of office as a Senator. You ware as one of the finest citizens of this CUmulated considerable material on John B. can adopt all the censorship rules you . Republic. 1953 CONGRESSIONAl. .RECORD- SENATE 2177 Mr. WILLIAMS. Mr. President, will larger premium income in some insur­ strike. Consequently, local businessmen the Senator from Oregon yield to me? ance comities by adding insurance on and lending agencies are becoming ac­ Mr. MORSE. I yield. . additional crops to the basic county pro­ tively interested in the success and the Mr. WILLIAMS. I thank the Senator gram. For example, I have in mind that future of the crop-insurance program from Illinois very much. I assure him where a cotton program is operating suc­ in many counties. I can assure you tnat that I will not lose my interest, even cessfully and peanuts are a significant wherever crop disaster strikes that a though I am not on the subcommittee.· part of the cash farm income in the similar interest on the part of local busi­ Any information which may come to my county that insurance on peanuts might nessmen and lending agencies is likely hands will, after proper verification, be also be offered in that county. I am to develop. Through crop insurance reported to the Senate and the people­ aware that the Corporation is currently many farmers can now get credit from let the chips fall where they may. experimenting with a multiple-crop in­ private sources which formerly could Mr. AIKEN. Mr. President, will the surance plan which does combine sev­ only be obtained by them through some Senator from Oregon yield to me? eral crops under one coverage, but I be­ kind of a Government emergency loan. Mr. MORSE. I yield. lieve that an alternative insurance which Crop insurance provides a business Mr. AIKEN. Mr. President, I express admittedly would cost the farmer more method to guard against the need for­ the hope that the Senator from Delaware but under which he could insure his cot­ emergency assistance that frequently fol­ will not eliminate the possibility of his ton and his peanuts separately might lows in the wake of either crop or price becoming a member of the ·subcommit­ more adequately meet the insurance failures. It does not protect profit­ tee. I think the American people would needs of some counties. This would also only -what is spent in the effort to pro­ be very much disappointed, indeed, if he mo~e in the direction of increasing the duce the food and fiber needed from our were not a member of the subcommittee. premium income of the Corporation in farms. Apropos of what the Senator from Illi- . some counties, which is an important Those of us who have observed and nois [Mr. DouGLAS] has said about the factor in connection with sound oper­ experienced the far-reaching effects of subcommittee freeing the Senator from ations since the losses must be paid and depressions, which usually start first on :Oelaware, I do not understand how any insurance reserves built from this pre­ our farms, should realize the importance subcommittee can free a member whom mium income. of making sure tlia t history does not re­ it has no right to bind in the first place. I note in the annual report of the peat itself in this connection. Crop in­ Mr. MORSE. Mr. President, I assure Federal Crop Insurance Corporation to surance can play a major role in guard­ my friend from Delaware that I am very the Congress that during the past 2 ing against this threat. happy to stand here today and argue in years $42 million in losses were paid to Crop insurance is for the common support of what I think _are his commit­ insured farmers who through no fault good-the farmer, the consumer, and the tee rights. of their own lost not only the profit that businessmen whose profits come either they hoped to obtain from their money all or in part from farmers' income. Consequently, until such time as pri­ AMENDMENT OF FEDERAL CROP and their work but also part or all of the money spent in the production effort. vate insurance finds it practical to offer . INSURANCE ACT These $42 million are doubly significant such all-risk protection to our farmers. ·Mr. SPARKMAN. Mr. President, I when you realize that they were paid we should continue to provide at Gov­ ask unanimous consent to introduce for entirely from premiums that insured ernment level a sound and expanding appropriate reference a bill to amend farmers had paid for their crop-invest­ program of crop in_surance. Experience the Federal Crop Insurance Act. ment insurance. Their value is far shows that it is practical and good busi­ There being no objection, the bill CS. greater than a ·like number of dollars ness for .us to do so. The program is 1411) to amend the Federal Crop Insur­ on the profit end or distributed in any nonprofit. During the last 5-year pe­ ance Act, introduced by Mr. SPARKMAN, other way than through an insurance riod, premiums paid in have exceeded was received, read twice by its title, and operation. These indemnities by their losses paid out. All the facts show that referred to the Committee on Agricul­ very nature seek out the points of dis­ we have made a good and sound begin­ ture and Forestry. tress and damage in the farm economy. ning, and that its continuation and Mr. SPARKMAN. Mr. President, I As the farm program of the future growth are merited. ' ask unanimous consent that I may read is shaped by this Congress and those a brief statement which I have prepared that follow, I feel that it is of great ADJOURNMENT TO MONDAY with reference to- the bill. importance that the value of this crop- · The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without insurance program be clearly under-. Mr. SALTONSTALL. I move that the objection, the Senator from Alabama stood. To me, it ·is the foundation of Senate adjourn until Monday next at 12 may proceed. a strong farm program because it pro­ o'clock noon. Mr. SPARKMAN. Mr. President, in tects the very base of the farming oper­ The motion was agreed to; and (at 4 the interests of expanding the protection ation. Its protection is restricted to the ·o'clock and 4 minutes p. m.) the Senate of Federal crop insurance to additional cost of producing the· crop or crops in­ adjourned until Monday, March 23, 1953, · · farmers and crops in my State and other sured so it takes hold for the farmer at 12 o'clock meridian. States, I have introduced an amendment when he is in a difficult financial posi­ to the present legislation designed to tion· with littl-e or nothing to sell. It NOMINATION accomplish this purpose. bolsters his position in the difficult days Executive nomination received by the Present legislation does not permit so that he can put in · another crop. Senate March 20, 1953: expansion of this important farm pro­ Its value is not confined to the losses gram beyond 1953, the current crop year. paid and the insurance protection pro­ FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION My amendment would authorize contin­ vided for it is a remarkable credit asset­ John C. Doerfer, of Wisconsin, to be a member of the Federal Communications ued expansion of this program which can both for the borrower and the lender. Commission for the unexpired term of 7 .play a vital role in bringing stability to Through the collateral assignment years from July 1, 1947. the Nation's agricultural economy. The which can be filed with a crop-insurance amendment would -permit expansion to policy, the farill€r who has been struck include additional crops which do not financial blows that make credit diffi­ CONFIRMATIONS now 'have the benefit of this all-risk in­ cult or even impossible for him to se­ Executive nominations confirmed by surance protection, such as peanuts, cure otherwise can usually·obtain credit the Senate March 20, 1953: which are of considerable economic im­ to the extent of his crop protection. The crop-insurance policy protects not DEPARTMENT OF STATE portance to many farmers in my State. Robert D. Murphy, of Wisconsin, to be an Undoubtedly there are other crops of only the profit which the prosperous Assistant Secretary of State. equal importance in other States which farmer can invest from previous crops are not now insured by the Federal Crop but the capital borrowed in the effort to IN THE NAVY make a crop as well. The following-named officer of the Navy for Insurance Corporation and on which at temporary promotion to the grade of rear least experimental efforts should be Private lending agencies and business­ admiral in the line and staff corps indicated, started. men with whom farmers trade and from subject to qualification th~refor as provided My amendment also · contemplates whom they obtain credit find that crop by law: moving in the direction of more ade­ insurance is a bulwark of strength for LINK quate protection and consequently their businesses when crop disasters Henry c. Bruton 2178 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-.SENATE March 23 WITHDRAWAL COMMITTEE MEETINGS DURING River Basin States, through the execution and ratification of the Upper Colorado River Executive nomination withdrawn from SENATE SESSION Basin Compact, the creation of the Upper the Senate March 20, 1953: Mr. McCARTHY. Mr. President, I Colorado River Commission, and other acts; FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION ask unanimous consent that the perma­ and Eugene H. Merrill, of Utah, to be a member nent Subconrmittee on Investigations of "Whereas the Colorado River storage proj­ of the Federal Communications Commission. the Committee on Government Opera­ ect and participl(l-ti:qg projects will control the flow of the Colorado River in such a way tions be allowed to sit this afternoon as to assure fulfillment on the part of the •• ..... •• during the session of the Senate; also United States of its water treaty obligations that the· Committee on Government Op­ to Mexico and fulfillment on the part of the SENATE erations be allowed to sit. this afternoon upper Colorado River Basin States of their during the session of the Senate. water delivery obligations to the lower Colo­ ]JoNDAY, ]JARCH 23, 1953 The VICE PRESIDENT. Without ob­ rado River Basin under the terms of the Colo­ jection, it is so ordered. rado River Compact of 1922; and The Chaplain, Rev. Frederick Brown Mr. McCARTHY. In that 'connection, "Whereas the Colorado River storage proj­ Harris, ·D. D., o:tiered the fo1lowing · I urge Senators who are members of the ect and participating· projects will enable the prayer: States of Colorado, New Mexico, Utah, and Committee on Government Operations Wyoming to make further considerable uses Almighty God, our Father, facing the to go. over to room 857, so that we may of water of the Colorado River system with­ tasks of this new day, make us mindful obtain a quorum and act on Reorganiza­ out l-iability to ruinous interruption that that upon the free. soil of this continent tion Plan No. 1. must otherwise be expected in the light ·of our fathers with holy toil reared a house On request of Mr. KNowLAND, ·and the historically erratic flow · of the Colorado River and of the obligations mentioned in of faith hallowed by Thy name. We by un:;tnimpus consent, a subcommittee ·. the immediately preceding paragraph of this would make our hearts, cleansed by Thy of the Committee on Interior and Insular preamble; and forgiving grace, a temple of Thy pres­ A:tiairs was authorized to meet this after.:. "Whereas the welfare of the people of this ence, knowing that only to the pure dost noon during the session of the · Senate. State, the preservation of a sound and dy- · Thou grant the vision of Thy face. We On request of Mr. AIKEN, and by namic economy, and the interests of the come asking not that Thou wouldst give unanimous consent, the Committee on United States require the authorization and heed to the faltering petitions our lips Agriculture was authorized to meet on the construction in due course of the Colo­ Wednesday next, beginning at 2 o'clock, rado River storage project and participating frame, but that Thou wilt bend thine ear projects: Now, therefore, be it · to the crying of our human need. We to hear Secretary of Agriculture Benson. "Resolved by the Senate of the 39th Gen­ bring to the altar of prayer our inmost eral Assemb_ly of the State of Colorado (the selves, cluttered and confused, where House of Representatives concurring herein), good and evil, the petty and the great, EXECUTIVE COMMUNICATIQNS, ETC. That the Congress of the United States be, are so entwined. May the eternal im­ The VICE PRESIDENT laid before the and it is hereby, memorialized to enact leg­ mensities shame our little thoughts and Senate the following letters, which were islation authorizing the Colorado River stor­ ways. May the vision of what we might referred as indicated: age project and participating projects, in substantial accord with the recommenda­ be convict us of what we are. In this LAWS ENACTED BY MUNICIPAL COUNCIL OF ST. tions of the Upper Colorado River Commis­ creative day of human destiny may we CROIX, v. I. sion; and be it further not miss the things belonging to our A letter from the Assistant Secretary of "Resolved, That copies of this memorial be peace and to the. peace of the world. the Interior, transmitting, pursuant to law, forwarded to the President of the Senate and Amen. copies of laws enacted by the Municipal the Speaker of the House of Representatives Council of St. Croix, V. I. (with accompany­ of the United States, as well as to the Mem­ TilE JOURNAL ing papers); ·to the Committee on Interior bers from Colorado in the Congress. and Insular Affairs. • "GORDON ALLOTT, On request of Mr. TAFT, and by unani­ REPORT ON CONTRACTS FOR EXPERIMENTAL, "President of the Senate. mous consent, the reading of the Journal DEVELOPMENTAL, OR RESEARCH WORK "MILDRED H. CRESSWELL, "Secretary of the Senate. of Friday, March 20, 1953, was dispensed A letter from the Acting Administrator, with. "DAVID A. HAMIL, General Services Administration, transmit­ "Speaker of the House of Repre- ting, pursuant to law, a report on contracts sentatives. · MESSAGES FROM THE PRESIDENT negotiated for experimental, developmental, "LEE MATTIES, or research work, for the 6 months ended Messages in writing from the Presi­ "Chief Clerk of the House of Repre- :pecember 31, 1952 (with an accompanying sentatives." · dent of the United States submitting report); to the Committee on Government nominations were communicated to the Operations. A joint resolution of 'the Legislature of the Senate by Mr. Miller, one of his secre­ State of Utah; to the Committee on Armed Services: taries. PETITIONS AND MEMORIALS "House Joint Resolution 11 Petitions, etc., were laid before the MESSAGE FROM THE HOUSE­ "Joint resolution of the Senate and the Senate, or presented, and referred as in­ House of Representatives of the State of ENROLLED BILL SIGNED dicated: Utah relating to draft deferments and me­ A message from the House of Repre­ By the VICE PRESIDENT: morializing the President and the Congress sentatives, by Mr. Maurer, its reading A joint resolution of the Legislature of the to take such action as is necessary to avoid clerk, announced that the Speaker had State of Colorado; to the Committee on In­ the drafting of young men of 18 and 19 terior and Insular Affairs: years of age and to limit deferments of affixed his signature to the enrolled bill older men