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(Exklusive Heterostropha) Aus Dem Miozän Von Zentralchile

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(Exklusive Heterostropha) Aus Dem Miozän Von Zentralchile Die marinen Gastropoden (exklusive Heterostropha) aus dem Miozän von Zentralchile Dissertation zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades der Naturwissenschaften im Fachbereich Geowissenschaften der Universität Hamburg vorgelegt von Sven N. Nielsen aus Hamburg Hamburg 2003 Als Dissertation angenommen vom Fachbereich Geowissenschaften der Universität Hamburg auf Grund der Gutachten von Prof. Dr. Klaus Bandel und Prof. Dr. Frank Riedel Hamburg, den 18. Juni 2003 Prof. Dr. H. Schleicher Dekan des Fachbereichs Geowissenschaften Zusammenfassung.—Die Gastropodenfauna (exklusive Heterostropha) aus dem marinen Miozän von Zentralchile wird umfassend beschrieben und dokumentiert. Die bekannten Arten werden überarbeitet und 58 neue Arten und 9 neue Gattungen werden eingeführt. Unter Verwendung der Begleitfauna werden Aussagen zu Biostratigraphie, Paläoökologie, Paläoklima, Paläobiogeographie und Paläoozeanographie abgeleitet. Die miozänen Sedimente stammen überwiegend aus flacheren Meeresbereichen und werden durch Ablagerungen der Felsküste und größerer Meerestiefen ergänzt. Dadurch wird ein relativ vollständiges Bild der miozänen Gastropodenfauna erarbeitet, welches mit Faunen aus benachbarten Gegenden verglichen wird. Ein solcher Vergleich wird mit miozänen bis rezenten Faunen von Argentinien, Peru, Neusee- land und der Karibik und den pliozänen bis rezenten chilenischen Faunen durchgeführt. Dabei fällt auf, dass der Einfluss karibischer Faunen relativ gering ist, wogegen sich enge Bezie- hungen mit solchen von Neuseeland aufzeigen lassen. Verwandtschaftliche Beziehungen mit Faunen von Argentinien belegen, dass vor dem oberen Miozän Meeresstrassen durch die Anden bestanden haben müssen, welche als Wanderwege zur Verfügung standen und somit einen Faunenaustausch ermöglichten. Eine solche Meeresstrasse wird für die Region am Lago Ranco postuliert und der Begriff „Strasse von Valdivia“ dafür eingeführt. Beziehungen zur miozänen Fauna von Peru bestehen nur untergeordnet und werden mit einer durch aufsteigende Tiefen- wässer verursachte Barriere erklärt. Es werden 9 neue Gattungen eingeführt, Fagnastesia (Trochidae), Chilonatica (Naticidae), Memorabiliglobus (Muricidae), Navidadina (Muricidae), Pseudocolumbarium (Muricidae), Rhopalimurex (Muricidae), Paulinatrophon (Muricidae), Ranquilia (Harpidae) und Palaeo- melon (Volutidae). Mit Austrostrombus wird eine neue Untergattung innerhalb der Gattung Strombus (Strombidae) errichtet. Aus Prioritätsgründen müssen 7 Arten umbenannt werden, für welche die neuen Namen Turritella hupei, Turritella fresiae, Memorabiliglobus philippii, Anachis vinxae, Austro- cominella motrileia, Aeneator chilensis und Notogenota? philippii vorgeschlagen werden. 58 Arten werden neu beschrieben: Fissurella (Fissurella) lebuensis, Fissurella chica, Diodora fragilis, Diodora pupuyana, Tegula (Chlorostoma) austropacifica, Tegula (Chlorostoma) chilena, Tegula (Chlorostoma) matanzensis, Tegula (Agathistoma) antiqua, Bathybembix mcleani, Diloma miocenica, Fagnastesia matanzana, Calliostoma mapucherum, Calliostoma kleppi, Calliostoma covacevichi, Monilea riorapelensis, Cirsotrema trintrea, Struthiochenopus bandeli, Xenophora paulinae, Stellaria kriegerbartholdi, Falsilunatia futa, Zonaria frassinetti, Pilosabia cuculliformis, Crepidula caedes, Crepidula danieli, Echinophoria hupeana, Navidadina caciquei, Acanthina nodosa, Bedeva kosslerae, Trophon pastorinoi, Trophon frailensis, Paulinatrophon navidadensis, Xymene beui, Xymenella quinzioi, Mitrella marliesbeckerae, Austrocominella pichimotrileia, Cantharus (s.l.) hartmanni, Exilia perroensis, Palaeomelon tucapeli, Palaeomelon angoli, Adelomelon colocoloi, Adelomelon curiniancui, Adelomelon caupolicani, Miomelon lautaroi, Miomelon? pelantaroi, Pachycymbiola? galvarinoi, Oliva chilena, Olivancillaria matanzana, Macron vermeiji, Triumphis maitenlahuensis, Dentimargo kieli, Borsonia weitschati, Borsonella maxwelli, Kurtzia kilburni, Ptychosyrinx pseudosub- aequalis, Ptychosyrinx taverai, Nihonia mochaensis, Nihonia alta und Buccinaria guacoldae. Viele Arten werden anderen Gattungen zugeordnet und für einige Arten wird neues Typusma- terial definiert. 3 Abstract.—The marine gastropods (excluding Heterostropha) from the Miocene of central Chile. The gastropod fauna (excluding Heterostropha) from the marine Miocene of Chile is described and figured. The known species are revised and 58 new species and nine new genera are introduced. Considering data from the accompanying fauna, evidences for biostratigraphy, paleoecology, paleoclimate, paleobiogeography, and paleoceanography are presented. The Miocene sediments are mainly from shallow-water marine environments, but additional deposits from rocky shore and deep-water are present. Therefore, a relatively complete picture of the Miocene gastropod fauna can be drawn, which in turn is compared with faunas of neighboring regions. Such a comparison is made with Miocene to Recent faunas of Argentina, Peru, New Zealand, and the Caribbean, and the Pliocene to Recent faunas of Chile. The influence of Caribbean faunas is relatively low while strong relationships exist with New Zealand faunas. Affinities with Argentinean faunas suggest migration paths through the Andes before the Upper Miocene to facilitate faunal exchange. Such a marine connection is postulated for the region around Lago Ranco and the name “Valdivia Strait” is introduced for it. Only minor relationships exist with the southern Peruvian fauna which is explained with a faunal barrier caused by coastal upwelling. Nine new genera are introduced: Fagnastesia (Trochidae), Chilonatica (Naticidae), Memorabiliglobus (Muricidae), Navidadina (Muricidae), Pseudocolumbarium (Muricidae), Rhopalimurex (Muricidae), Paulinatrophon (Muricidae), Ranquilia (Harpidae) and Palaeomelon (Volutidae). A new subgenus, Austrostrombus, is erected within Strombus (Strombidae). Due to priority seven species have to be renamed, for which the new names Turritella hupei, Turritella fresiae, Memorabiliglobus philippii, Anachis vinxae, Austrocominella motrileia, Aeneator chilensis and Notogenota? philippii are suggested. 58 species are described as new to science: Fissurella (Fissurella) lebuensis, Fissurella chica, Diodora fragilis, Diodora pupuyana, Tegula (Chlorostoma) austropacifica, Tegula (Chlorostoma) chilena, Tegula (Chlorostoma) matan- zensis, Tegula (Agathistoma) antiqua, Bathybembix mcleani, Diloma miocenica, Fagnastesia matanzana, Calliostoma mapucherum, Calliostoma kleppi, Calliostoma covacevichi, Monilea riorapelensis, Cirsotrema trintrea, Struthiochenopus bandeli, Xenophora paulinae, Stellaria kriegerbartholdi, Falsilunatia futa, Zonaria frassinetti, Pilosabia cuculliformis, Crepidula caedes, Crepidula danieli, Echinophoria hupeana, Navidadina caciquei, Acanthina nodosa, Bedeva kosslerae, Trophon pastorinoi, Trophon frailensis, Paulinatrophon navidadensis, Xymene beui, Xymenella quinzioi, Mitrella marliesbeckerae, Austrocominella pichimotrileia, Cantharus (s.l.) hartmanni, Exilia perroensis, Palaeomelon tucapeli, Palaeomelon angoli, Adelomelon colocoloi, Adelomelon curiniancui, Adelomelon caupolicani, Miomelon lautaroi, Miomelon? pelantaroi, Pachycymbiola? galvarinoi, Oliva chilena, Olivancillaria matanzana, Macron vermeiji, Triumphis maitenlahuensis, Dentimargo kieli, Borsonia weitschati, Borsonella maxwelli, Kurtzia kilburni, Ptychosyrinx pseudosubaequalis, Ptychosyrinx taverai, Nihonia mochaensis, Nihonia alta and Buccinaria guacoldae. Many species are transferred to other genera and for some species new type-material is defined. 4 Resumen.—Los gastrópodos marinos (excluyendo Heterostropha) del Mioceno de Chile central. Se describe y documenta la fauna de gastrópodos del Mioceno marino de Chile central. Han sido revisadas las especies conocidas, y se han descrito 9 géneros nuevos y 58 especies nuevas. Usando la fauna complementaria se hace observaciones acerca de la bioestratigrafía, paleoecología, paleobiogeografía y paleooceanografía. Los sedimentos miocenos provienen preponderantemente de aguas someras, pero también existen depósitos de la costa rocosa y del agua profundo. De esto se puede obtener un imagen completa de la fauna miocena de gastrópodos que se puede comparar con faunas de regiones adyacentes. Una comparación así se realiza con faunas miocenas hasta reciente de Argentina, Perú, Nueva Zelandia y el Caribe y las faunas pliocenas hasta reciente de Chile. Es notable que la influencia de la fauna caribeña es insignificante cuando comparando con eso existen relaciones estrechas con las faunas de Nueva Zelandia. Relaciones parentales con la fauna de Argentina documentan que deberían haber existido estrechos marinos a través de los Andes antes del Mioceno Superior, los cuales estaban en disposición como camino para un intercambio de fauna. Tal estrecho se postula para el área del Lago Ranco y para esto se introduce el nombre “Estrecho de Valdivia”. Las relaciones con la fauna miocena Peru son solo subordinadas y se explican con una barrera causada por ascensión de aguas profundas. Se describen 9 géneros nuevos, Fagnastesia (Trochidae), Chilonatica (Naticidae), Memora- biliglobus (Muricidae), Navidadina (Muricidae), Pseudocolumbarium (Muricidae), Rhopalimurex (Muricidae), Paulinatrophon (Muricidae), Ranquilia (Harpidae) y Palaeomelon (Volutidae). Con Austrostrombus se introduce un subgénero nuevo dentro el género Strombus (Strombidae). Por causas de prioridad hay que renombrar 7 especies, para cuales se propone los nombre nuevos Turritella hupei, Turritella fresiae, Memorabiliglobus philippii,
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